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2004 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA5 Technical Report - Geology (North Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA5) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). This report reviews published and newly-acquired seabed geological data in an area of 78,000 square kilometres extending from the coast to more than 200 m water depth to the east of the British Isles. While it can be argued that the modern environment is a product of past environmental conditions, the basis for the review is also that our understanding of the modern environment can be significantly improved if new techniques, data and ideas are applied to a revision of the existing research knowledge.
The purpose of the review is to place the characteristics of the seabed features that were surveyed by the DTI in 2003, and the processes forming them, into an improved understanding of their historical, local and regional context. In the summer of 2003 the DTI carried out new surveys in order to collect environmental information in 6 project areas in SEA5 and 2 project areas in SEA4. The survey data included multi-beam bathymetry, sidescan sonar, seismic reflection profiles, sea-floor photographs and samples.

2004 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA5 Technical Report - Marine mammals (North Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA5) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). Eight marine mammal species are known to occur regularly in this area: grey seal, harbour seal, harbour porpoise, white-beaked dolphin, bottlenose dolphin, Atlantic white-sided dolphin, killer whale, and minke whale. Long-finned pilot whales and Risso's dolphins are regularly seen in waters around Shetland. There are occasional at-sea records of at least a further five cetacean species (humpback whale, fin whale, sperm whale, striped dolphin and short-beaked common dolphin) and four pinniped species (hooded seal, bearded seal, ringed seal and walrus).

2004 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA5 Technical Report - Other users (North Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA5) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). The SEA 5 area covers parts of the central and northern North Sea to the east of the Scottish mainland, Orkney and Shetland. The area supports different users and activities, many of which are focussed in particular coastal and marine areas. This report presents an initial overview of the coastal population of the SEA 5 area and the industries and activities which utilise the SEA 5 area including: Oil and gas activity; Commercial fishing; Fisheries for migratory species; Ports and shipping; Mariculture; Military activity; Telecommunication cables; Renewable energy; Aggregate extraction; Marine disposal; Tourism and leisure; Locally important activities; Coastal and marine archaeology; Coastal and marine management initiatives

2004 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA5 Technical Report - Plankton (North Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA5) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). This report provides data on the plankton community in the SEA 5 of the North Sea. Data for this report were provided by the Continuous Plankton Recorder Survey, as well as sourced from outside organisations. The SEA 5 area is influenced by the Shelf Edge Current, which breaks off its main route in the form of the Fair Isle Current, the Dooley Current and the East Shetland Inflow. Oceanic water flows into the North Sea in this area, causing periodic incursions of associated planktonic organisms. The report addresses: phytoplankton and zooplankton community composition; Phytoplankton blooms; Abundance of the copepod Calanus; Mero-, pico- and megaplankton; Phytodetritus and vertical fluxes.

2004 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA5 Technical report - Review of the potential impacts of offshore wind farms on migrating and overwintering swans and geese in the SEA5 area (North Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA5) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). A review of the coastal distribution and abundance of swans and geese in the SEA 5 area, including migration routes, key feeding areas and roosting areas was carried out. A review of the potential impacts of offshore wind farms on swans and geese was also conducted. The study area was defined as the east coast of Scotland from the English border north to John O' Groats, including Orkney and Shetland, and the offshore waters in the SEA 5 area. The review considered nine species: mute swan, Bewick's swan, whooper swan, bean goose, pinkfooted goose, white-fronted goose, greylag goose, barnacle goose and brent goose. Offshore wind farms may impact birds directly by mortality from collisions or indirectly by displacement from migratory flyways or local flight paths. At present there are very little data on the effects of offshore wind farms on swans and geese. Of the nine species reviewed, five species, whooper swan, mute swan, pink-footed goose, greylag goose and barnacle goose occur in internationally important numbers at coastal sites in the SEA5 area. Greenland white-fronted goose occur in nationally important numbers.

2004 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA5 Technical Report - Shellfish and fisheries (Northern North Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA5) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). The SEA5 review differs from previous assessments in that the zone includes a large coastal fringe, along the whole east coast of Scotland and the Northern Isles, and contains a diverse range of habitats, from inter-tidal rocky shores and sandy beaches, to the shallow sub-littoral and deepwater mud basins offshore. These habitats support a wide range of invertebrate resources, of which six species of crustacean, four species of bivalve mollusc and two species of gastropod mollusc form the basis of a thriving shellfish fishing industry in Scotland.
The landings are dominated by the Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus which occurs in four main areas, one of which, the Fladen ground, is in close proximity to mature oil fields. The fishery for this species in the North Sea is likely to increase, with diversion of effort from the demersal fisheries for cod and other whitefish.
Much of this expansion should take place at Fladen where the stock is at present under-exploited. It is likely, however, that trawl gear used in the Norway lobster (and pink shrimp) fisheries will be required to be more selective in order to reduce the by-catch of demersal fish, especially cod, and the wastage through discarding of under-sized fish.
Relevant aspects of the biology of each species are described, including habitat preference, distribution, feeding, life-cycle, reproduction and spawning. Details are given about the fishing methods used, assessments of the state of stocks, and the management regime and legislation currently used to control each fishery.

2004 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA5 Technical Report - Socio-economics
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA5) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). This report assesses the socio-economic implications of licensing the SEA 5 area and sets out the results in relation to: oil and gas production, and reserves; capital, operating and decommissioning expenditure; employment; tax revenue; social impacts.
The Department of Trade and Industry provided scenarios of possible exploration and development activity in the area and these scenarios were converted into optimistic and pessimistic scenarios. They were then used to produce forecasts of: oil and gas production; oil and gas reserves; expenditure; employment; and tax revenues. The implications for existing facilities in the area are discussed and the potential social impacts.

2004 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Kommandor Jack SEA6 Survey C (or Leg 3) - seabed sampling survey with photography (Irish Sea)
As part of the Department of Trade and Industry's (now Department of Energy and Climate Change) Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) a seabed survey was carried out. The survey comprised photography and seabed sediment and water sampling. The purpose of these surveys was to shed light on the distribution and extent of methane-derived autigenic carbonate (MDAC) in the Irish Sea.
942 photographs are available. Cruise report is available.

2004 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 SV Lia SEA6 Survey - seabed sampling survey with video and photography (Irish Sea)
As part of the Department of Trade and Industry's (now Department of Energy and Climate Change) Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) a seabed sampling, video and geophysical survey was undertaken in the central Irish Sea with specific focus given to areas of Liverpool Bay and Tremadog Bay. The survey objectives were to conduct a strategic environmental study of locations where features of interest had been previously identified by organisations such as the Countryside Council for Wales and the School of Ocean Sciences. Survey operations were focused on the following features: Possible methane-derived carbonate reefs in Cardigan Bay; Gassy Sediments in Tremadog Bay, Biogenic Reefs - Horse mussel beds.
36 video files are available. 186 photographs are available. 52 samples were collected using a Day Grab. A cruise report is available
Processed data mosaics are available

2004 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 SV Meridian SEA6 Survey A (or Leg 1) - geophysical survey (Irish Sea)
As part of the Department of Trade and Industry's (now Department of Energy and Climate Change) Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) a geophysical survey was undertaken on SV Meridian SEA6 Survey A (or Leg 1) in the eastern Irish Sea mainly in the central region between the Isle of Man and Cumbrian coast. The aims of the data collection were to survey geographical areas where the regional BGS maps and other published data indicated knowledge gaps in the understanding of regional seabed sediment distribution patterns and processes; Create high resolution bathymetric, backscatter and superficial geological data suitable for mapping banks, deeps, transitions between seabed coarse and fine sediments and the mid-shelf and nearshore environments; Generate data suitable for calibration of previous interpretations of net bedload sediment transport directions.
Multibeam, sidescan sonar and chirp seismic data were collected.
14 gridded processed multibeam files are available. Raw data are also available.14 mosaic sidescan tif files available. Raw seismic data also available. Cruise reports are available.

2004 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 SV Meridian SEA6 Survey B (or Leg 2) - geophysical survey (Irish Sea)
As part of the Department of Trade and Industry's (now Department of Energy and Climate Change) Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) a geophysical survey was undertaken on SV Meridian SEA6 Survey B (or Leg 2) in the Irish Sea between Ireland and the Isle of Man and at the north of Wales.
Multibeam, sidescan sonar and chirp seismic data were collected. 11 processed gridded multibeam files are available. Raw data are also available. 11 sidescan mosaic tif files available. Raw seismic data are also available. Cruise reports are available.

2004, ATP Oil & Gas UK Ltd, Garrow, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number AO04SS0002
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired between October and November 2004. The block number traversed was 42/25.

2004, ATP Oil & Gas UK Ltd, Kilmar, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number AO04SS0003
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired between January and November 2004. The block number traversed was 43/22.

2004, ATP Oil & Gas UK Ltd, UKCS 42/25, 43/24, Garrow, Trent Tie-In, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, BGS Reference Number AO04SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey for a pipeline/cable route (UKCS 42/25 to 43/24 Garrow to Trent Tie-In) acquired between October and November 2004. The block numbers traversed were 42/25, 43/21, 43/22, 43/23 and 43/24.

2004, BP Exploration, Clair Phase 2 Appraisal Well 206/8-T, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number BP04SS0005
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired between April and May 2004. The block number traversed was 206/8.

2004, BP Exploration, EROS - Western Location, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number BP04SS0004
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired between December and January 2004. The block numbers traversed were 47/10 and 47/15.

2004, BP Exploration, EROS Site Survey - Central Location, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number BP04SS0008
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired between December and January 2004. The block number traversed was 47/15.

2004, BP Exploration, Farragon UKCS 16/28, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number BP04SS0007
An oil and gas industry site and route survey acquired between July and August 2004. The block number traversed was 16/28.

2004, BP Exploration, Machar 23/26, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number BP04SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance acquired between January and February 2004. The block number traversed was 23/26.

2004, BP Exploration, UKCS 16/28 Farragon Development, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, BGS Reference Number BP04SS0006
An oil and gas industry site survey for a pipeline/cable route acquired between July and August 2004. The block number traversed was 16/28.

2004, BP Exploration, UKCS 16/28 Farragon, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number BP04SS0003
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired between July and August 2004. The block number traversed was 16/28.

2004, BP Exploration, UKCS 211/18a Don, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number BP04SS0002
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance acquired in August 2004. The block number traversed was 211/18.

2004, BP Exploration, UKCS 47/15 EROS, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number BP04SS0010
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance acquired in August 2004. The block number traversed was 47/15.

2004, BP Exploration, Unity, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number BP04SS0009
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance acquired in April 2004. The block number traversed was 21/9.

2004, Britannia Operator Ltd, UKCS Block 15/29 Proposed Location Britannia West, Semi-Sub Rig, BGS Reference Number YB04SS0002
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in May 2004 to provide an assessment of seabed and sub-seabed conditions prior to the location of a semi-submersible drilling rig. The block number traversed was 15/29.

2004, Britannia Operator Ltd, UKCS Block 19/13 and 20/6, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number YB04SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (MSV Sapphire and MSV Galatea C wreck search) acquired in October 2004. The block numbers traversed were 19/10, 19/13, 19/14, 19/15, 19/8, 19/9, 20/11 and 20/6.

2004, ConocoPhillips, Britannia Satellites Phase I Development, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, BGS Reference Number CS04SS0003
An oil and gas industry site survey for a pipeline/cable route acquired between December and April 2004. The block numbers traversed were 15/28, 15/29, 15/30, 16/26, 21/3, 21/4, 21/5 and 22/1.

2004, ConocoPhillips, UKCS Block 30/2a (Jackdaw), Site Survey, BGS Reference Number CS04SS0001
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired between September and October 2004. The block number traversed was 30/2.

2004, ConocoPhillips, UKCS Block 30/2c Jade Platform, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number CS04SS0002
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance acquired in October 2004. The block number traversed was 30/2.

2004, EOG Resources, UKCS 49/21 Viper, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number EG04SS0001
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired in July 2004. The block number traversed was 49/21.

2004, EON, Johnston Field Extension, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number EU04SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in August 2004 to identify any seabed obstructions and/or sub-surface hazards at the proposed 43/27a-H location that may impede the emplacement and subsequent drilling operations from a jack-up rig. The block number traversed was 43/27.

2004, GDF Suez, West Boulton, Semi-Sub Rig, BGS Reference Number GB04SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired in July 2004. The block number traversed was 43/25a.

2004, Hess, Melville, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number AH04SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance acquired in July 2004. The block number traversed was 210/24.

2004, Kerr McGee North Sea (UK) Ltd, UKCS 15/20a, 15/19 and 15/24, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, BGS Reference Number KM04SS0003
An oil and gas industry site survey for a pipeline/cable route (Donan to Macculloch) acquired between May and June 2004. The block numbers traversed were 15/19, 15/20, 15/24 and 15/25.

2004, Kerr McGee North Sea (UK) Ltd, UKCS 21/4b Muness, Semi-Sub Rig, BGS Reference Number KM04SS0002
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in June 2004 to investigate potential hazards for the siting and drilling of a semi-submersible rig. The block number traversed was 21/4.

2004, Kerr McGee North Sea (UK) Ltd, UKCS 30/17a Janice, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, BGS Reference Number KM04SS0005
An oil and gas industry site survey for a pipeline/cable route (Janice to water injection well) acquired in May 2004. The block number traversed was 30/17.

2004, Kerr McGee North Sea (UK) Ltd, UKCS 30/17a Janice, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number KM04SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in May 2004 to investigate potential hazards for the siting and drilling of a semi-submersible rig. The block number traversed was 30/17.

2004, Kerr McGee North Sea (UK) Ltd, UKCS Blocks 15/20, 16/16, 16/17, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, BGS Reference Number KM04SS0004
An oil and gas industry site survey for a pipeline/cable route (Donan to Tiffany) acquired between May and June 2004. The block numbers traversed were 15/20, 16/16 and 16/17.

2004, Petro-Canada, UKCS Block 13/27a Dee, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number PT04SS0001
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired in July 2004. The block number traversed was 13/27.

2004, Petro-Canada, UKCS Block 21/23 Gladstone Exploration Well 21/23b-A, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number PT04SS0002
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired between June and July 2004. The block number traversed was 21/23.

2004, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS 21/25, Gannet Proposed GB-03, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH04SS0003
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in April 2004. The block number traversed was 21/25.

2004, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Block 21/30, Gannet GC2 and GC4 Wells, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH04SS0007
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in April 2004. The block number traversed was 21/30.

2004, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Block 22/12a Well 22/12a-1, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH04SS0006
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired between July and August 2004. The block number traversed was 22/12.

2004, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Block 22/13a Well 22/13a-2, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH04SS0004
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in August 2004. The block number traversed was 22/13.

2004, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Block 22/21, Gannet D Well Cluster, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH04SS0005
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in November 2004. The block number traversed was 22/21.

2004, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Block 22/21, Gannet GG-01 Well, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH04SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in November 2004. The block number traversed was 22/21.

2004, Shell UK Ltd, Well 22/29-5 (Heron Keeper) UKCS Block 22/29, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH04SS0002
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in January 2004. The block number traversed was 22/29.

2004, Subsea 7, UKCS 22/17, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, BGS Reference Number SB04SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey for a water injection pipeline replacement acquired between February and March 2004. The block number traversed was 22/17.

2004, Wintershall, 30/28, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number WI04SS0002
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired in June 2004. The block number traversed was 30/28.

2004, Wintershall, 41/5a and 41/5b, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number WI04SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in June 2004. The block numbers traversed were 41/10, 41/5.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA2 Investigation of the origin of shallow gas in Outer Moray Firth open blocks 15/20c and 15/25d
As part of the Department of Trade and Industry's (now Department of Energy and Climate Change) Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA2), this report briefly describes the evidence for the origin of shallow gas in Outer Moray Firth open blocks 15/20c and 15/25d. Sea floor pockmarks are known to occur within these blocks, and they indicate the seepage of gas from shallow levels into the local water column. An environmental concern is that any industry activity in these blocks must not plumb into any component of the system that is sustaining the gas seepages at sea bed. The study area covers two part-blocks within the eastern part of the Witch Ground Graben within the UK Central North Sea. This study follows on from the DTI 2001 SEA research on pockmarks.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Irish gas data review
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). The study area dealt with in this report includes all of the Irish Sea that falls within Irish Jurisdiction. The report is intended to complement a similar study of UK waters in the Irish Sea undertaken as part of the UK Government's Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6). The aim of this report is to present an up-to-date overview of all relevant data concerning methane-derived authigenic carbonate and features associated with shallow gas and seabed fluid flow in the Irish sector of the western Irish Sea. It presents a detailed assessment of potential gas sources and migration pathways, shallow gas, gas-related seabed structures and evidence of present day gas seepage in the study area.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Sample analysis - Chemistry (Irish Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). This report contains heavy metal concentrations (As, Ba, Cr, Cu, Cd, Fe, Hg, Pb, Mn, Ni, Sr, V and Zn) and sedimentological characteristics (particle-size analysis) which were determined in respectively 61 and 68 samples for the Atlantic margin Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) campaign. A spreadsheet of data is included.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Sample analysis - Macrofauna (Irish Sea)
This report describes the processing methods employed for the analysis of the SEA6 biological samples from a range of depths in the Irish Sea collected from SV Kommandor Jack in October 2004 as part of the Department of Trade and Industry's (now Department of Energy and Climate Change) Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA5. . A spreadsheet of data is included.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Technical Report - Assessment of the Status of Horse Mussel (Modiolus Modiolus) Beds in the Irish Sea off NW Anglesey
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). This report is an assessment of the status of the beds of the Horse Mussel Modiolus modiolus on the tide swept sea floor off north and northwest Anglesey, based on three short cruises of the RV Prince Madog during January - March 2005. In some places Modiolus forms dense beds that can carpet the sea floor and build up as reef-like features or bioherms. Side-scan sonar, sampling with grabs or dredges, and sledge mounted cameras were used to investigate the seabed. Modiolus was found, in sufficient abundance to be considered as 'beds', at four localities within the area surveyed. Modiolus beds are of considerable conservation interest, coming within the 'reef' category of the EU Habitats Directive, and they are listed under OSPAR. Modiolus beds are known to be highly vulnerable to physical disturbance; once destroyed, beds do not seem to recover naturally in the medium term. In addition to describing the occurrences of Modiolus and analysing the specimens sampled, the epifauna associated with them and other benthos in their vicinity are described.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Technical Report - Benthos. Synthesis of information on the benthos of area SEA6 (Irish Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). This report provides a synthesis of current knowledge of the benthic communities and seabed habitats in the SEA6 area. The area is a predominantly shallow, well flushed, fully saline, partially enclosed, temperate sea. The seabed is predominantly sedimentary, ranging between mud and cobbles but consisting mainly of sand. The coastal fringe hosts excellent examples of a broad range of habitat types including exposed rocky shores, sheltered rias, highly productive sand flats, estuaries and areas exposed to rapid tidal currents. This diverse range of habitats supports a broad range of animals and plants with numerous species.
The focus of the report is on dominant species and broad descriptions of community types (biotopes). The benthos associated with the littoral (intertidal) and sublittoral zones from the Mull of Kintyre and the Northern Irish coast in the north to Milford Haven, Pembrokeshire in the south are discussed. This area includes the important industrial estuaries of Morecambe, Liverpool and the Mersey, together with a number of minor estuaries, and the major islands of Anglesey and the Isle of Man. The deep water (depth greater than 50 m) and offshore areas are also discussed.
Where appropriate, details of rare or unusual species are included, together with the threat offered by oil and gas related activities. Other major human activities in the SEA6 area that are currently affecting the benthos are also discussed.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Technical Report - Boating. Identifying recreational cruising routes, sailing and racing areas within the SEA 6 area (Irish Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). Historically there has not been a database of recreational use of the UK's marine environment. This lack of information was highlighted by the SEA which was carried out for the three strategic wind farm development areas: the Thames Estuary, Greater Wash and the North West (Liverpool Bay). In response the RYA published a document in 2004 entitled Sharing the Wind, which provided information on recreational boating in these strategic areas for consideration during the planning, design and approval process for wind farms. This report extends the work undertaken in Sharing the Wind to the SEA6 region.
The report provides information on cruising routes, general sailing and racing areas, anchorage areas, the intensity with which each route is used, and the location and size of shore based facilities. The work was produced as a result of consultation with a large number of clubs, regional committees and local experts throughout the SEA6 area, which are listed in the back of the report. There are a total of 143 clubs within 2 miles of the coast, with an estimated membership of 37,000, that use the SEA6 region for boating activities.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Technical Report - Cephalopods - An Overview of Cephalopods Relevant to the SEA 6 Area (Irish Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). Cephalopods are short-lived molluscs, characterised by rapid growth rates, and are important predators and prey in oceanic and neritic environments. They are active predators at all stages of their life-cycle and generally regarded as opportunistic, taking a wide variety of prey. Cannibalism has been frequently recorded in cephalopod species. Cephalopods also sustain a number of marine top predators such as fish, birds and marine mammals, especially whales. Many species are powerful swimmers and carry out vast feeding and spawning migrations, thus influencing prey and predator communities strongly on a seasonal and regional basis.
As cephalopods are important elements in food webs they interact with commercial fisheries of finfish. Evidence exists that fishing pressure has changed ecological conditions and shifts in community structures have occurred with cephalopod stocks slowly replacing predatory fish stocks. Their commercial significance to world fisheries is of relatively recent, but growing, importance. From a commercial point of view, the most important cephalopod species in the SEA6 area is Loligo forbesi, which is landed as a by-catch of the demersal trawl fishery (82 tonnes in 2002). But the species Alloteuthis subulata, although of no commercial value, has an important ecological role in the coastal food webs, since it is the most commonly recorded cephalopod species in the stomach contents of demersal fish in UK waters.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Technical Report - Conservation (Irish Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). An integral element of any environmental assessment for offshore oil and gas development, and for possible nearshore renewable energy proposals, is a review of potential sites of conservational importance within the region of interest. For the purpose of SEA 6, this is especially important given the scale of the area (over 400 km from the tip of SW Wales to the Mull of Kintyre); its division into five separate states/provinces, each with their own nature conservation authorities and some differences in nature conservation legislation; the fact that it includes a very considerable length of coastal zone and that a very large proportion of those coasts are designated as nature conservation sites.
The report identifies and locates coastal and nearshore sites within the SEA 6 area which are protected by international, national and local conservation designations. The sites are briefly described and the reasons for their protected status are given. For internationally important sites, summary information describing the main features of the site is provided and there is also an assessment of the vulnerability of the site and any relevant management issues. The ordering of the national sites does not imply any formal ranking, but is a relative judgement of their conservation importance.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Technical Report - Contaminants. A review of the contaminant status of the Irish Sea
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). This report considers the major sources of contamination to the Irish Sea from offshore energy installations and puts them in the context of other sources of contamination to the region. The report also considers contamination of the wider environment, making use of data provided by monitoring programmes and other specific studies.
The oil and gas industry in the Irish Sea is small by comparison to that of the North Sea, but bears comparison to that of the Southern North Sea which is dominated by gas production and for which many of the platforms are in relatively shallow water. The discharge of production and drilling chemicals, residual oil and compounds derived from the formation water co-produced with the oil or gas contribute to the contamination concentration in sediments and water. However, in Liverpool Bay and Morecambe Bay, where the oil and gas fields are located, the riverine inputs of major groups of organic contaminants and metals are found to be several orders of magnitude greater than those from the offshore oil and gas industry.
Inputs of artificial radionuclides into the Irish Sea are dominated by discharges from Sellafield on the Cumbrian coast. The distribution of radionuclides in seawater, in the sediment and in biota are reviewed.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Technical Report - Economics and Social Baseline Study (Irish Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). This "Economic and Social Baseline Study" provides baseline information on the key economic activities in the SEA 6 area, namely: offshore oil and gas; offshore wind farms; ports, ferries and other shipping services; fishing; tourism; other marine-related activities. A separate report (SEA6 Socio Economics) by the same authors assesses the socio-economic implications of further oil and gas licensing in the SEA6 area.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Technical Report - Fishing - Provision of Fishing Activity Data (Irish Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). This report deals with fishing activity in the SEA6 area over the period 1998 - 2003. The different types of fishing carried out are briefly described and the fishing effort is presented in annual and seasonal maps for the area, based on data acquired by aerial surveillance by regular British Fishery Protection flights. The major fleets in the Irish Sea are otter trawlers, beam trawlers, scallop trawlers and potters.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Technical Report - Gas related seabed structures of the Western Irish Sea
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). This report provides an overview of all the relevant data concerning methane-derived authigenic carbonate (MDAC) and other features associated with shallow gas and seabed fluid flow in the Irish sector of the western Irish Sea. The report complements the MDAC report produced for the SEA6 area by Dr A. G. Judd.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Technical Report - Geology. Irish Sea, seabed and surficial geology and processes
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). This report discusses the seabed geology and the surficial geology and processes of the SEA6 region of the Irish Sea. The East Irish Sea Basin is at a mature exploration phase, having produced oil and predominantly gas since 1985. The hydrocarbon geology of the region is reviewed. Other prospectivity plays in the SEA6 area are the Caernarfon Bay Basin and the Cardigan Bay Basin. The seabed sediments, seabed sedimentary processes and the corresponding diverse range of seabed habitats in the area are described, drawing upon published data and on the new information acquired from surveys specifically conducted for this SEA in 2004.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Technical Report - Hydrography of the Irish Sea
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). This report describes the physical oceanography of the Irish Sea from St George's Channel in the south to the North Channel and the Clyde Sea in the north. The report covers the topography and depth of the sea floor, the tides, the impact of storms, stratification and its consequences and the mean circulation, all with a view to mean and extreme conditions.
The predominant dynamical process is the semi-diurnal tides, with areas of both high and low energy embraced. Superimposed on this is the full range of water column structure areas that are well mixed throughout the year; areas that stratify thermally in summer; areas of freshwater influence from river discharges, leading both to nearshore density gradients and stratification; frontal regions between the well-mixed and stratified regions.
The movement of the water and the amount of mixing prescribe physical effects, such as forces on structures and the movement and dispersion of contaminants, but also significantly influence biogeochemical processes including sediment erosion / deposition and movement, particularly of suspended sediment, benthic exchanges and primary productivity (via stratification, nutrient exchanges and light levels).

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Technical Report - Maritime Archaeology (Irish Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). In this report maritime archaeology refers to archaeology based on the investigation of the remains of ships, boats, maritime infrastructure and such other material remains as provide insights into past societies by way of their seafaring and sea-use. Archaeological issues relating to the wrecks of aircraft are not included.
After summarising the legislative framework applicable to maritime archaeology, e.g. Protection of Wrecks Act 1973, the history of maritime activity in the Irish Sea from the Palaeolithic times to the present day is reviewed. Examples of historic wrecks, some found in recent years by divers, are given. The spatial distribution of maritime archaeological remains is considered and the possible impacts of oil and gas activities are described. The report concludes with an outline of the methods used in investigating maritime archaeological remains.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Technical Report - Other users (Irish Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). The SEA 6 area supports different users and activities, many of which are focussed in particular coastal and marine areas. It is a mixture of sparsely populated rural areas and highly developed centres of population. The primary contributors to the national and regional economies are tourism and leisure, oil and gas, ports and shipping and locally naval defence. The renewable energy sector is growing and may provide significant local opportunities for the port and local construction industries in the future.
The report presents an overview of the coastal population of the SEA 6 area and the industries and activities using the SEA 6 area including: Oil and gas activity; Ports and shipping; Mariculture; Military activity; Telecommunication cables; Renewable energy; Aggregate extraction; Marine disposal; Tourism and leisure; Locally important activities; Coastal and marine archaeology; Coastal and marine management initiatives

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Technical Report - Plankton Ecology of the Irish Sea
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). This report summarises information on the ecology of planktonic species found in the SEA6 area. The Irish Sea is very diverse not only in the physical-chemical regimes operating upon it, but in the ecology of planktonic organisms found there. Data on the nutrient chemistry of the Irish Sea shows that the eastern Irish Sea is more heavily impacted by nutrients owing to freshwater run-off from land, which is far greater than in the western Irish Sea. Nutrients increased from the 1950's to the 1980's after which time the concentrations have levelled off and in some case declined. The phytoplankton biomass appears to have mirrored the influence of the nutrients both in time and space. Highest biomass (inferred from chlorophyll analysis) is generally found in regions of low salinity and tends to be greatest in the eastern Irish Sea. The phytoplankton community has also been shown to vary throughout the seasons and also within different regions or 'ecohydrodynamic' domains of the Irish Sea.
The zooplankton community of the Irish Sea has also undergone significant change over the last thirty or so years. The most noticeable of these changes being a significant decrease in abundance of most of the species recorded. Some species distributions and abundances have been shown to be influenced by climate and it is highly likely that other species of plankton in the Irish Sea are also affected in this way. Climate, or more specifically the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), certainly has a major impact upon the physical-chemical environment of the region and this has a direct influence upon the ecology of planktonic organisms found in the Irish Sea.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Technical Report - Prehistoric archaeological remains (Irish Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). In order to understand and prioritise the nature of prehistoric archaeological sites, which might occur on the sea floor, this report considers the context of all the adjacent land masses, including the Irish Republic, and in the south the Celtic Sea and western Channel. Prehistoric submarine archaeological remains back to a date of about 225,000 years ago, Palaeolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic, could occur with low probability in many parts of the SEA6 area.
Palaeolithic archaeological sites as old as 225,000 years Before Present (BP) occur at locations on the Welsh coast, with a great density of sites from the later Mesolithic and Neolithic. Some sites therefore pre-date the last interglacial high sea level, and although they were covered by the Devensian ice sheet, material inside caves survived.
Pipe entrenching is the process in the oil and gas industry most likely to disturb prehistoric archaeological deposits. Commercial site investigation using acoustics and coring could provide beneficial new archaeological data. The paper concludes with tentative suggestions for discussion of protocols and a reporting regime.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Technical Report - Sea Mammal Research - Background Information on Marine Mammals (Irish Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). Seven marine mammal species are known to occur regularly in the SEA6 area. A relatively small but fairly discrete population of grey seals utilises all but the northwest Irish Sea. Harbour seals are found primarily in the far north of the area. Harbour porpoises are seen year round throughout the area and bottlenose dolphins are present year round off Wales. Minke whales, Risso's dolphins and short-beaked common dolphins are regularly seen in summer mainly in the far south. The report discusses the distribution and abundance of these mammals and their ecological importance.
Marine mammals make use of sound for a variety of purposes: finding prey, detecting predators, communication and probably navigation. The offshore oil and gas industry generates underwater noise at every stage of the process: during exploration seismic surveys, drilling, production and decommissioning. The effects of these different sources of underwater noise on marine mammals are discussed. The use of explosives for underwater cutting and demolition during the decommissioning of platforms and installations may pose a serious threat to some marine mammals.
The effects of pollution on seals and cetaceans are discussed, including the effects of oil spills. The prevalence of disease among the marine mammal populations is reviewed.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Technical Report - Socio-economics. The potential socio-economic implications of licensing the SEA6 area (Irish Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). The report assesses the socio-economic implications of further oil and gas licensing the SEA 6 area. The Department of Trade and Industry provided scenarios of possible exploration and development activity in the area and these scenarios were converted into optimistic and pessimistic scenarios. They were then used to produce forecasts of: oil and gas production; oil and gas reserves; expenditure; employment; and tax revenues. The implications for existing facilities in the area are discussed and the potential social impacts. An underpinning report, Economic and Social Baseline Study, is also available.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Technical Report - Synthesis of Information on the Benthos of SEA6 Clyde Sea Area
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). This report provides a synthesis of current knowledge of the benthic communities and seabed habitats in the Clyde Sea, which abuts the northern end of the SEA6 area. The Clyde Sea is a fjordic system consisting of drowned, glacially over-deepened, valleys separated by sills. The southern limit of the area, and the ultimate sill for the Clyde Sea lochs, is formed by a broad sill termed the Great Plateau. The Great Plateau is predominantly less than 50 m deep and is overlooked by the volcanic plug of Ailsa Craig.
The report is presented in the context of the hydrography and sedimentology of the area. The focus is on dominant species and broad descriptions of community types (biotopes). It also reviews existing major human activities in the area that are currently affecting the benthos.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Technical Report - The Distribution and extent of methane-derived authigenic carbonate (Irish Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). Methane-derived authigenic carbonate (MDAC) is formed as a consequence of the anaerobic oxidation of methane by consortia of bacteria. MDAC develops as a rock-like concretion when a carbonate precipitate cements normal seabed sediment; the carbon of this carbonate is derived from methane. It occurs as crusts or slabs at the seabed, or as exposed lumps. The occurrence of MDAC is evidence of methane seepage, although the seepage is not necessarily going on at the present time. Large quantities of MDAC indicate that methane seepage has occurred over a prolonged period of time. 'Submarine structures formed by leaking gas' have been identified by the European Commission's Habitats Directive as habitats worthy of protection.
The distribution of MDAC in UK waters is poorly known. This report summarises the available information relevant to MDAC in the SEA6 area, including data acquired by surveys specifically conducted in support of this SEA in 2004. Carbon isotope data for samples recovered in 2004 have confirmed that the cemented hard grounds from two of the areas studied, Texel 11 and Holden's Reef, are composed of MDAC.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA6 Technical Report - Underwater Ambient Noise (Irish Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA6) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). This report reviews the many different sources of underwater noise, both natural and anthropogenic, that combine to provide the background noise levels in which marine organisms need to survive throughout the SEA6 region. The sources of sound combine together in a complex manner resulting in significant spatial and temporal variations in the noise field. A map of the dominant noise sources in the Irish Sea is shown, indicating that man-made noise is the dominant source of noise over about 70% of the area. Shipping noise is likely to be dominant across large parts of the SEA6 area.
To fully characterise the ambient noise field in the SEA6 area would require multiple measurements at a large number of locations over a period of a year. However, a considerably lower cost approach would be to characterise each sound source and to use this with occurrence statistics for each source to model the ambient noise field across the region. The advantages and disadvantages of the acoustic modelling approach are discussed.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 Kommandor Jack SEA7 Survey Leg 1 - geophysical survey (NE Atlantic west of Scotland)
As part of the Department of Trade and Industry's (now Department of Energy and Climate Change) Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA7) a geophysical survey was undertaken on Kommandor Jack over Anton Dohrn Seamount, Rockall Bank, Hatton Bank, George Bligh Bank and Rosemary Bank.
The objectives of the cruise were to collect EM120, and where water depths permit, EM1002 multibeam bathymetry and backscatter data, and also where desired, high resolution sidescan sonar data, over Anton Dohrn Seamount, George Bligh and Rosemary Banks, the eastern margin of Rockall Bank and selected areas of Hatton Bank. The aims were: to create high quality bathymetric maps of the survey areas; create acoustic backscatter maps over the same areas; when possible, define the extent of any potential coral habitats; create high resolution bathymetric, backscatter and sonar maps of specific features as may be discovered, such as mud diapers, carbonate mounds etc.; complete, during the cruise, a preliminary interpretation of the above data, to be used as a guide for the sampling and seabed photography cruise which followed immediately. This was a highly successful cruise with virtually all cruise objectives achieved. 6,384 line-km of multibeam bathymetry and backscatter data were obtained in water depths between 150 and 2,400 m. In addition, approximately 240 line-km of high resolution sidescan sonar were collected in depths between 150 and 1,500 m, and 6,323 line-km of high resolution CHIRP profiles were also collected.
A cruise report is available.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 Kommandor Jack SEA7 Survey Leg 2 - seabed sampling survey with video and photography (NE Atlantic west of Scotland)
As part of the Department of Trade and Industry's (now Department of Energy and Climate Change) Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA7) a seabed sampling survey was undertaken at Anton Dohrn Seamount, Rockall Bank, Hatton Bank, George Bligh Bank and Rosemary Bank. The objective of this cruise were: To carry out a seafloor sampling programme in selected areas within the SEA7 area of the UK Continental Shelf to the west of Scotland. The purpose of this work is to study the ecology of seamounts and other potential Annex 1 (Habitats Directive) type habitats in deep water. The survey to include target areas of the Anton Dohrn and Rosemary Bank seamounts and the George Bligh Bank, northern Rockall Bank and selected areas on the Hatton Bank. The sampling to be guided by a broad survey designed developed in advance of the cruise and modified on the basis of field observations and information generated by geophysical data, including swathe bathymetry, side scan sonar and sub-bottom profiling, conducted immediately previously to this seafloor sampling programme; To similarly carry out seafloor photographic surveys in the same areas; To repeat seafloor sampling at selected stations on transects previously sampled by SAMS during oil-industry related surveys, and the LOIS-SES surveys.
54 video files are available and 1813 photos are available.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 Marine Mammal Observations - Kommandor Jack, July - August 2005 (NE Atlantic west of Scotland)
Valuable observational data were collected, from remote sea areas in the northeast Atlantic where cetacean observations are not routinely conducted. Marine mammal observations were carried out daily, over a 28 day period in July and August 2005, as part of a geophysical survey on MV Kommandor Jack for the Department of Trade and Industry's (now Department of Energy and Climate Change) Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 west of Scotland. This report describes exactly how and where the marine mammal observations were made. It also presents and summarises the 40 sightings that were made during the course of the survey.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 seabird and marine mammal observations onboard the RSS Charles Darwin during British Geological Survey cruise CD174 in the Rockall Trough
As part of the Department of Trade and Industry's (now Department of Energy and Climate Change) Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7, a seabird and cetacean survey was undertaken. The track passed through the Firth of Clyde, the North Channel and the adjacent continental shelf before covering the Rockall Trough as far as the eastern margin of the Rockall Bank and the southern margins of Anton Dohrn Seamount. For much of the survey the weather was unseasonably poor and data was frequently collected in marginal conditions. At total of 7578 birds of 37 species were recorded. Of these 26 species were seabirds and the remainder were migrant passerines, hirundines and geese. Fulmars were the most abundant birds seen during the survey, followed by gannets and great shearwaters, which were recorded in unusually high numbers. The latter species may have been more abundant because of atypically strong westerly winds. Five species of cetacean were seen, with short-beaked common dolphins being the most abundant, followed by long-finned pilot whales and sperm whales. Other sightings included one blue shark and one sunfish. Seabird and cetacean densities were low in much of the study area but were elevated on the continental shelf, especially near the Stanton Bank, at the southern margins of the Anton Dohrn seamount and along the eastern margin of the Rockall Bank.

2005 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 Survey - Biological, physical and chemical sampling survey report. ERT 1320 (NE Atlantic west of Scotland)
As part of the Department of Trade and Industry's (now Department of Energy and Climate Change) Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 an environmental survey was carried out from the SV Kommandor Jack. The aim of the survey was to acquire seabed samples for biological, physical and chemical analysis together with video and digital stills photography to ground truth the geophysical data and enable a general characterisation of seafloor habitats and community types present within the SEA7 area. The area sampled included Anton Dohrn Seamount, Rockall Bank, Hatton Bank, George Bligh Bank and Rosemary Bank. This report provides a log of the field sampling work undertaken for SEA7, in particular the biological, physical and chemical sampling.

2005, BP Exploration, North Everest, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number BP05SS0002
An oil and gas industry platform site survey acquired in May 2005. The block number traversed was 22/10.

2005, BP Exploration, UKCS 204/19-0 Alligin Seabed And Shallow Soils, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number BP05SS0004
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure acquired in October 2005. The block number traversed was 204/19.

2005, BP Exploration, UKCS 22/25 Mirren West, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number BP05SS0003
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance acquired in May 2005. The block number traversed was 22/25.

2005, BP Exploration, UKCS Block 204/23-E Southwest Foinaven, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number BP05SS0005
An oil and gas industry site survey (seabed and shallow soils) acquired in October 2005. The block number traversed was 204/23.

2005, BP Exploration, UKCS Block 206 Clair Phase 2, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number BP05SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure and shallow soils acquired between July and September 2005. The block numbers traversed were 206/10, 206/3, 206/4, 206/5, 206/8 and 206/9.

2005, Britannia Operator Ltd, UKCS Block 15/30 and 16/26, Drilling Hazard Survey, BGS Reference Number YB05SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey (preliminary geohazard assessment) for a drilling hazard acquired in March 2005. The block numbers traversed were 15/30 and 16/26.

2005, ConocoPhillips, Mimas Platform UKCS Block 48/9, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number CS05SS0002
An oil and gas industry platform site survey acquired in May 2005. The block number traversed was 48/9.

2005, ConocoPhillips, UKCS 30/2a Jackdaw, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number CS05SS0011
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance acquired in April 2005. The block number traversed was 30/2.

2005, ConocoPhillips, UKCS 30/7a Joanne Manifold, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number CS05SS0008
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance acquired in April 2005. The block number traversed was 30/7.

2005, ConocoPhillips, UKCS 49/16 Vanquish, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number CS05SS0006
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in September 2005. The block number traversed was 49/16.

2005, ConocoPhillips, UKCS Block 16/26 Britannia Platform, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number CS05SS0009

2005, ConocoPhillips, UKCS Block 44/17b Munro, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number CS05SS0003
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance acquired in May 2005. The block number traversed was 44/17.

2005, ConocoPhillips, UKCS Block 44/17c McAdam, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number CS05SS0010
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance acquired between May and June 2005. The block number traversed was 44/17.

2005, ConocoPhillips, UKCS Block 44/23b K3, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number CS05SS0005
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance acquired in June 2005. The block number traversed was 44/23.

2005, ConocoPhillips, UKCS Block 48/10 Saturn, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number CS05SS0004
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance acquired in May 2005. The block number traversed was 48/10.

2005, ConocoPhillips, UKCS Block 49/11, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, BGS Reference Number CS05SS0007
An oil and gas industry site survey for a pipeline/cable route (Tethys to Saturn In Line) acquired in May 2005. The block number traversed was 49/11.

2005, ConocoPhillips, UKCS Blocks 48/9 and 48/10, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, BGS Reference Number CS05SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey for a pipeline/cable route (Mimas to Saturn) acquired in May 2005. The block numbers traversed were 48/10 and 48/9.

2005, Shell UK Ltd, Teal P1 Well UKCS Block 21/25, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH05SS0005
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in October 2005. The block number traversed was 21/25.

2005, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Block 21/25 Teal South P1 Well, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH05SS0002
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in October 2005. The block number traversed was 21/25.

2005, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Block 22/11 Nelson A, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH05SS0004
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in June 2005. The block number traversed was 22/11.

2005, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Block 22/30a Merganser, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH05SS0003
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in June 2005. The block number traversed was 22/30.

2005, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Block 22/30b Shearwater A, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH05SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in June 2005. The block number traversed was 22/30.

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 An Overview of Cephalopods Relevant to the SEA7 Area (NE Atlantic west of Scotland)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA7) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change).The class Cephalopoda comprises three major divisions, of which two: Decapoda (squids and cuttlefish) and Octopoda (octopods) are represented in the SEA 7 Area. They are highly developed, but short-lived molluscs with rapid growth rates. They are important elements in marine food webs and interact significantly with marine mammals, seabirds and commercially exploited finfish species. They also represent a promising future fishery resource in terms of market value, abundance and growth potential.
At present, only an estimated 10% of exploitable stocks are utilised worldwide. There are six marketable squid species that occur in the SEA 7 Area. These belong to the long-fin (loliginid) and short-fin (Ommastrephid) squids the two most important exploited families of decpods. In the SEA 7 Area, only one species, Loligo forbesi is commercially exploited on a regular basis, although there are significant landings of other species on occasion. The closely related Loligo vulgaris sometimes appears in catches and the small Alloteuthis subulata is thought to be naturally abundant and an important food item in the marine ecosystem.
There are other important species represented in the SEA 7 Area. These include cuttlefish, octopods, sepiolids and a number of deep-water species. Most of these are marketable and may be ecologically important. Large fisheries for some of these species, particularly octopods and cuttlefish operate in European waters further south, but they are not currently exploited in the SEA 7 Area.

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 Economic and Social Baseline Study (NE Atlantic west of Scotland)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA7) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). This "Economic and Social Baseline Study" provides baseline information on the key economic activities in the SEA7 area, namely: offshore oil and gas; ports, ferries and shipping services; fishing; aquaculture tourism; other marine-related activities. A separate report (SEA7 Socio-economics) by the same authors assesses the socio-economic implications of further oil and gas licensing in the SEA7 area.

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 sample analysis - Physical/chemical analysis of marine sediment samples collected during the SEA7 survey August/September 2005 (NE Atlantic west of Scotland)
This report present the data obtained from the analysis of sediment samples collected during survey operations for the Department of Trade and Industry's (now Department of Energy and Climate Change) Strategic Environmental Assessment programme (SEA7), carried out in August/September 2005. Samples were analysed for: Total organic carbon and nitrogen; Particle size analysis; Hydrocarbons and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons; Trace and heavy metals. A spreadsheet of data is included.

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 Survey, August 2006. Biological, physical and chemical sampling survey report (Faroe Shetland Channel)
As part of the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) Strategic Environmental Assessment project for Area 7 (SEA7) and environmental survey was carried out from the RV Pelagia in the Faroe Shetland Channel. The aim of the survey was to acquire seabed samples for biological, physical and chemical analysis together with video and digital stills photography to ground truth the geophysical data and enable a general characterisation of seafloor habitats and community types present within the SEA7 area. This report provides a log of the field sampling work.

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 SV Pelagia SEA7 Survey - seabed sampling survey with video and photography (Faroe Shetland Channel)
As part of the Department of Trade and Industry's (now Department of Energy and Climate Change) Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA7) a regional seafloor environmental survey was undertaken in the Faroe Shetland Channel off the north and west coasts of Shetland. The work included bathymetric surveys, sediment sampling for biological and chemical analysis, and seabed photography.
7 video files and 507 photographs are available. Raw multibeam data are available. A cruise report is also available.

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 Technical Report - Archaeology (NE Atlantic west of Scotland)
This report on archaeology is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA7) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). There is a high likelihood of surviving prehistoric archaeology (10,000 - 5000 years old) in certain areas of SEA7, most notably to the west of the Outer Hebrides for a distance of some 10km, to a depth of -20m, and in and among the islands elsewhere (particularly around Islay, Jura, Mull and the Small Isles) along the coast and between S Scotland and N Ireland.
The reasons comprise a complex interplay of changing sea level and the rebound of the land once freed from the compression of ice at the end of the last Ice Age. The net result of these physical effects is that 10,000 years ago relative sea level has been up to 45m lower along much of the coast and this corresponds with the period of early human settlement in the area. In places this means that considerable areas of submerged land exist. An investigation of bathymetric, sedimentary and tidal data for the area suggests that the prehistoric land surface, including archaeological remains, may survive in many places.
Cooperation between existing extraction companies and renewable industries and archaeologists elsewhere in Britain shows how the recording and investigation of archaeological material could be beneficial to both parties should work take place in SEA7. The final sections provide a preliminary examination of how matters might be taken forward to safeguard the archaeological knowledgebase without prejudicing commercial interests.

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 Technical Report - Benthos. An Introduction to the Benthic Ecology of the Rockall - Hatton Area
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA7) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). The SEA 7 area, especially the Hebrides slope and areas of the Rockall Trough has been significant in the development of deep-sea biology since the 19th century. In recent decades intensive sampling has been undertaken by researchers from UK institutions such as the Scottish Association for Marine Science (formerly the Scottish Marine Biological Association) and the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton.
The entire SEA 7 area is contained within the biogeographic region known as the Atlantic Deep-Sea Province, with the major oceanographic variables defined by the passage of North Atlantic Deep-Water. To the south, concentrated research efforts have taken place in areas such as the southern Rockall Trough, Porcupine Seabight and Porcupine Abyssal Plain. These encompass similar hydrographic and oceanic conditions to those of the SEA 7 area and form a basis for comparison.
A brief overview of the history of deep-sea research in the SEA 7 area is provided here, along with a summary of the physical environment. In this report, however, the main focus is the ecology of seafloor-dwelling organisms. The ecology of benthic communities is described with respect to large-scale trends and is discussed in the context of how anthropogenic influences may affect the benthos.

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 Technical Report - Coastal Shellfish Resources and Fisheries (NE Atlantic west of Scotland)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA7) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change) and deals with the shellfish resources and their commercial fisheries within SEA7. Exploited species of shellfish are found in the SEA7 zone occupying all types of habitat and distributed over a considerable range of depths, from the littoral zone down to 1000m. These species provide important fisheries and make vital contributions to the economy of remote communities on the west coast of Scotland. The main species reviewed in this report are: Norway lobster; European Lobster; Crawfish; Edible crab; Velvet swimming crab; Shore crab; Red crabs; Giant scallop; Queen scallop; Cockle; Common mussel; Razor shells; Whelks; Periwinkle

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 Technical Report - Conservation (NE Atlantic west of Scotland)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA7) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). The coastal and marine areas within the SEA 7 boundary are very extensive, longer and more varied than any other SEA area. Stretching westwards into the Atlantic Ocean, the region includes a very large area of relatively shallow continental shelf. There are also a few uninhabited islands to the west of the Outer Hebrides, including St. Kilda with its multiple conservation designations.
The Outer Hebrides form one of the oldest geological provinces in Europe and is mainly based on Lewisian Gneiss. A major geological fault runs parallel to the east coast (The Minch coast), whereas the western side is normally a continuation of the continental shelf. These features are prominent in the southern islands, notably the Uists. Harris and Lewis present different topographies which include the high massif with Clisham at its centre and the low peat-covered plateaux of most of Lewis to the north. The east Minch coastline is generally steeper and falls to deeper inshore waters. It is also characterised by several transverse sea lochs which resemble similar fjords on the west mainland coast.
Although the legacy of glacial processes are complex, the main effect has been to over-deepen sea lochs and inter-island straits (e.g. Sound of Harris) and deposit great masses of glacial debris, especially sands, on the shallow continental shelf to the west where, with the prevalence of strong onshore Atlantic waves and winds, vast beaches were formed in this post glacial period.
Large quantities of organic sand (crushed shells) were added to this volume; as a consequence some of the larger beach and sand dune systems in Britain are found along the west coast. These extensive blown sand systems are called machairs, and provide a unique series of environmental and ecological systems with very high conservational status at European and international levels.
The west coast of the Outer Hebrides contains many sites of archaeological interest and retains a distinctive cultural landscape as one of the last strongholds of a historical system of land tenure and working found nowhere else in Europe. This way of life is considered to be one of the prime reasons for the creation and maintenance of many of the significant conservational attributes of the Outer Hebrides.

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 Technical Report - Fish and fisheries (NE Atlantic west of Scotland)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA7) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). The SEA7 area includes the west coast of mainland Scotland with its numerous sea lochs, the continental shelf with the Hebridean Islands, the continental slope of the northern Rockall Trough, the Rockall Trough and its seamounts, the Rockall and Hatton Banks and the abyssal depths to the west of Hatton Bank. All these areas, except the abyssal depths support a diverse variety of fisheries using demersal, pelagic and static gears. SEA7 lies within ICES Sub areas VI and XII. Relevant aspects of the biology of 39 species or species groups have been described. Brief descriptions are given of the fishery for each species, including the method of fishing and the long term trends in the landings from each of the management areas are described.

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 Technical Report - hydrocarbon prospectivity, earthquakes, continental shelves and Rockall Trough surficial and sea-bed geology and sea-bed processes
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA7) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). Investigations of the hydrocarbon prospectivity and earthquake activity include the whole of SEA7 but in this report investigations of the sea-bed sediments are restricted to the Hebrides Shelf, Rockall Trough and east Rockall Bank.
On the Hebrides Shelf, Hebrides Slope, east Rockall Bank and in the deep-water Rockall Trough the modern sea-bed sediments are mainly composed of mixtures of former glacial deposits and grains of modern interglacial biogenic carbonate shell. Former glacial deposits and modern biogenic carbonate are now mainly mixed and transported by wave-orbital currents and residual currents on Rockall Bank and by combinations of wave-orbital currents, tidal currents and residual currents on the Hebrides Shelf and upper Hebrides Slope. Below approximately 300 metres water depth in the Rockall Trough the sea-bed sediments are mainly transported by circulating deep-water residual currents.

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 Technical Report - Hydrography (NE Atlantic west of Scotland)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA7) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change) and describes the hydrography of the SEA7 area. SEA7 lies across the northern end of the Atlantic Meriodional Overturning Circulation and contains a number of major oceanic currents carrying surface water northward across the whole region and returning cold Artic water around the foot of some of its slopes.

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 Technical Report - Marine Mammals (NE Atlantic west of Scotland)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA7) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). Twenty-one cetacean species have been recorded in the SEA7 region. Of these, ten species are known to occur regularly: harbour porpoise, bottlenose dolphin, short-beaked common dolphin, Risso's dolphin, white-beaked dolphin, Atlantic white-sided dolphin, long-finned pilot whale, killer whale, sperm whale and minke whale. Five further species, though not very often recorded, and primarily associated with deep water, probably also occur regularly: striped dolphins, fin whales, northern bottlenose whales, Cuvier's beaked whale and Sowerby's beaked whale. There are occasional at-sea records of a further 6 species: Sei whale, humpback whale, blue whale, northern right whale and false killer whale. Pygmy sperm whales and at least three further species of beaked whale might also be expected in the general area on occasion. In this report, each of the more abundant species is briefly described with particular reference to its distribution and abundance in the SEA-7 area.

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 Technical Report - Maritime (NE Atlantic west of Scotland)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA7) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). The report concentrates on reviewing existing data and published sources, rather than attempt a quantitative baseline of wrecks and casualties. There is a comprehensive corpus of legislation, plans and polices concerned with the protection of the submerged maritime archaeological resource within the SEA 7 study area.
The study outlines the known history of maritime activity within the SEA 7 area. Despite being an extremely large body of water that at times can produce dangerous sea and weather conditions, and encompasses the rugged coastlines of western Scotland and Northern Ireland, the area has been used extensively by seafarers from at least the Mesolithic (from 9000 BC) up to present times. During each time period there has been evidence of human activity within the SEA 7 area, often demonstrated by the discovery of maritime archaeological remains. The waters between the north east of Ireland and Scotland have been used as a means of communication throughout the centuries.
Previous investigations of maritime archaeological remains within the SEA 7 area are discussed in the report. The spatial distribution of submerged archaeological remains is discussed, and comments are made on the limitations of any mapped baseline of data. The study concludes with a comment on the potential impacts of oil and gas activities on the submerged maritime archaeological resource and suggests possible monitoring methodologies.

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 Technical Report - Other Users of the Area (includes GIS) (Irish Sea)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA7) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change).The purpose of this report is to provide an initial assessment of what is termed the Other Users of the SEA 7 area. These other users include those significant human activities and infrastructure occurring in the marine and coastal zone, and not addressed by other SEA 7 data reports. Fisheries and maritime archaeology (wrecks) are therefore excluded. The report summarises current activity in the area, and where possible discusses likely future trends. It also summarises the relevance of each activity to any future proposed oil and gas activity. Where appropriate, comment is made about the potential sensitivity of an Other User to oil and gas development, or the potential restrictions to oil and gas development presented by existing users.

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 Technical Report - Plankton Ecology (NE Atlantic west of Scotland)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA7) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). The purpose of this report was to provide an assessment of the plankton ecology for SEA7.
Owing to the size of the area being assessed this report divides the region into two sections. The basis of this division follows the 200m depth contour generally accepted as being the boundary between the shelf edge and oceanic realms. The first section being waters found on the continental shelf and are therefore more prone to freshwater runoff from land and anthropogenic inputs. The second section represents waters off the shelf edge, these waters are of a more oceanic origin and are less impacted by inputs from land-based sources.
Information on the nutrient biogeochemistry (nitrate, phosphate and silicate) are presented for three geographical provinces, the oceanic and shelf edge realms outlined above and also for the Clyde Sea area this being a region noted as having elevated nutrient loadings from anthropogenic sources.

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 Technical Report - Seabirds (NE Atlantic west of Scotland)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA7) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). The aims of this study were: To provide an overview of individual bird species offshore distribution in SEA 7; To identify, where possible, offshore areas in SEA 7 that are important for seabirds; To assess offshore seabird vulnerability to surface pollution in SEA 7; To provide a brief outline on the potential for offshore SPAs in the offshore waters of SEA 7; To highlight major gaps in understanding and survey coverage in the offshore waters of SEA 7.
Generally seabird densities were low in offshore waters. Important areas were along the shelf break, Rockall Trough and Rockall Bank. Species diversity of seabirds was low in offshore waters compared to inshore waters, although more species were recorded during the summer months. Offshore waters were defined as greater than 200 m in depth and the offshore distribution of seventeen species of seabirds were reviewed.

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 Technical Report - Underwater Ambient Noise (NE Atlantic west of Scotland)
This report on underwater noise is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA7) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). This report initially gives a general introduction to underwater ambient noise and the underlying mechanisms that generate sound. The report then identifies a number of sources of underwater acoustic noise, describes the characteristics of the noise including frequency content, levels and variability, and also identifies the current state of knowledge on each source. In all cases the sources are considered in the context of the SEA 7 area. Mechanisms that can modify the ambient sound levels are described. The dominant noise sources in the SEA 7 area are identified. Recommendations are then made for the methodology to be used to obtain meaningful characterisation of noise levels in order to establish baseline levels. The report then goes on to present an analysis of measured ambient noise data in the SEA 7 area, model predictions of spectrum levels, and compares the measured and modelled data.

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA7 The Potential Socio-economic Implications of Licencing the SEA7 Area (NE Atlantic west of Scotland)
This report is a contribution to the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA7) conducted by the Department of Trade and Industry (now Department of Energy and Climate Change). This report assesses the socio-economic implications of further oil and gas licensing the SEA7 area. The Department of Trade and Industry provided scenarios of possible exploration and development activity in the area and these scenarios were converted into optimistic and pessimistic scenarios. They were then used to produce forecasts of: oil and gas production; oil and gas reserves; expenditure; employment; and tax revenues. The implications for existing facilities in the area are discussed and the potential social impacts. An underpinning report, Economic and Social Baseline Study, is also available.

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA8 Portland Bill area Cruise Report for Emu Surveyor, SeaTrax Xplorer and MV Otter (English Channel)
Cruise report for Multibeam swath bathymetry, sidescan sonar and underwater video survey in the vicinity of Portland Bill as part of the Department of Trade and Industry's (now Department of Energy and Climate Change) Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA8) . Emu Ltd was commissioned by Geotek Ltd on behalf of the DTI to perform hydrographic and ecological surveys within the vicinity of Portland Bill to further understand regional processes around a tidal headland. Survey work was required specifically to investigate the sediment processes and seabed habitats present.

2006 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA8 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEATrax Xplorer SEA7 Phase I - geophysical survey (English Channel)
As part of the Department of Trade and Industry's (now Department of Energy and Climate Change) Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA7) a geophysical survey was undertaken from SeaTrax Xplorer in the vicinity of Portland Bill. Multibeam and sidescan sonar data were collected.

2006, BP Exploration, UKCS 16/23, TP1, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number BP06SS0003
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure acquired between September and October 2006. The block number traversed was 16/23.

2006, BP Exploration, UKCS 22/20 Mungo, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number BP06SS0007

2006, BP Exploration, UKCS 22/24 ETAP CPF, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number BP06SS0002
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance acquired between September and October 2006. The block number traversed was 22/24.

2006, BP Exploration, UKCS 22/24 ETAP PDR, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number BP06SS0001

2006, BP Exploration, UKCS 47/15, Amethyst B1D, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number BP06SS0005
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure acquired in October 2006. The block number traversed was 47/15.

2006, BP Exploration, UKCS 9/23 Harding to Devenick, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, BGS Reference Number BP06SS0006
An oil and gas industry site survey for a pipeline/cable route (Harding to Devenick) acquired between May and June 2006. The block numbers traversed were 9/23 and 9/24.

2006, BP Exploration, UKCS 9/23, 9/28 and 16/3, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, BGS Reference Number BP06SS0004
An oil and gas industry site survey for a pipeline/cable route (Harding to East Brae) acquired between May and September 2006. The block numbers traversed were 16/3, 9/23 and 9/28.

2006, ConocoPhillips, Judy Gas Alternative Tie-In, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, BGS Reference Number CS06SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey for a pipeline/cable route acquired between November and December 2006. The block numbers traversed were 29/1, 29/11, 29/12, 29/2, 29/6 and 29/7.

2006, Challenger Minerals (North Sea) Ltd, UKCS 41/10, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number CR06SS0001
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired in March 2006. The block number traversed was 41/10.

2006, Ithaca Energy (UK) Ltd, Athena UKCS Block 14/18b, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number IC06SS0002
An oil and gas industry site survey and habitat assessment acquired in July 2006. The block numbers traversed were 14/17, 14/18, 14/22, 14/23.

2006, Ithaca Energy (UK) Ltd, UKCS Block 14/18b Athena Environmental Baseline, Environmental Survey, BGS Reference Number IC06SS0001
An oil and gas industry environmental site survey acquired in July 2006. The block number traversed was 14/18.

2006, Senergy, UKCS Block 11/29, Jack-Up Rig, BGS Reference Number SG06SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey (desk study) for a jack-up rig acquired in October 2006. The block number traversed was 11/29.

2006, Senergy, UKCS Block 12/21-C Beatrice Alpha North, Jack-Up Rig, BGS Reference Number SG06SS0002
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired between July and August 2006. The block number traversed was 12/21.

2006, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS 21/25, Gannet Proposed GC1-04 Well (Rev 1), Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH06SS0004
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired between October and February 2006. The block number traversed was 21/25.

2006, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS 29/1b, Bittern DCB Proposed BT-B4, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH06SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in March 2006. The block number traversed was 29/1.

2006, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS 29/7, Curlew D Proposed P4 Well, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH06SS0002
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in July 2006. The block number traversed was 29/7.

2006, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Block 21/30, Gannet E P1 Well, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH06SS0003
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in January 2006. The block number traversed was 21/30.

2006, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Block 21/30N, Gannet F Proposed GF-AO2 Well, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH06SS0005
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in March 2006. The block number traversed was 21/30.

2006, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Pipeline Route Survey Burghley UKCS Block 16/22, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, BGS Reference Number TB06SS0005
An oil and gas industry site survey for a pipeline/cable route acquired between July and September 2006. The block numbers traversed were 15/25, 16/21 and 16/22.

2006, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, UKCS Block 14/20-15 Highlander, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number TB06SS0004
An oil and gas industry geophysical rig site survey acquired in March 2006. The block number traversed was 14/20.

2006, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, UKCS Block 14/20 and 15/16, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, BGS Reference Number TB06SS0006
An oil and gas industry site survey for a pipeline/cable route (Duart North Well to Tartan A Platform) acquired between February and March 2006. The block numbers traversed were 14/20 and 15/16.

2006, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, UKCS Block 14/20b Petronella, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number TB06SS0001
An oil and gas industry geophysical site survey acquired in March 2006. The block number traversed was 14/20.

2006, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, UKCS Block 15/23, Route Survey, BGS Reference Number TB06SS0003
An oil and gas industry umbilical route site survey (Tartan Platform SUDS to Galley SPS Manifold) acquired between February and March 2006. The block number traversed was 15/23.

2006, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, UKCS Block 16/21b Delta, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number TB06SS0002
An oil and gas industry geophysical rig site survey acquired in August 2006. The block number traversed was 16/21.

2007, BP Exploration, West Sole C, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number BP07SS0001

2007, ConocoPhillips, UKCS 30/6 Jasmine NW1, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number CS07SS0002
An oil and gas industry rig site and habitat survey acquired between January and February 2007. The block number traversed was 30/6.

2007, ConocoPhillips, UKCS Block 44/19b Harrison, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number CS07SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance acquired between February and April 2007. The block number traversed was 44/19

2007, Ithaca Energy (UK) Ltd, Block 11/29, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number IC07SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in January 2007 in preparation for the installation of the jack up drilling rig Galaxy II. The block number traversed was 11/29.

2007, Ithaca Energy (UK) Ltd, UKCS 14/18b and 14/19 Athena Development, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, BGS Reference Number IC07SS0002
An oil and gas industry site survey for a pipeline/cable route acquired in February 2007. The block numbers traversed were 14/18 and 14/19.

2007, Lundin Britain Ltd, 12/17b, Jack-Up Rig, BGS Reference Number LU07SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired in April 2007. The block number traversed was 12/17b.

2007, Lundin Britain Ltd, 12/17b, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number LU07SS0002
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired in April 2007. The block number traversed was 12/17.

2007, Lundin Britain Ltd, UKCS Block 21/8, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number LU07SS0003
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired in April 2007. The block number traversed was 21/8.

2007, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Block 21/25 Teal P1 Well, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH07SS0005
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in August 2007. The block number traversed was 21/25.

2007, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Block 21/30, Gannet E P2 Well, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH07SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in October 2007. The block number traversed was 21/30.

2007, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Block 22/13a Bardolino, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number SH07SS0003
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired in December 2007. The block number traversed was 22/13.

2007, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Block 23/22a Pierce Chalk Well, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH07SS0004
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in October 2007. The block numbers traversed were 23/22 and 23/27.

2007, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Block 29/3a Fram, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number SH07SS0006
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired between July and December 2007. The block number traversed was 29/3.

2007, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Block 30/19, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number SH07SS0002
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance acquired in October 2007. The block number traversed was 30/19.

2007, Stag Energy, Gateway Storage Project, Morecambe Bay Inshore, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, BGS Reference Number SA06SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey for a pipeline/cable route acquired in June 2007. The block numbers traversed were 110/4 and 113/29.

2007, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Auk ANA UKCS Block 30/16, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number TB07SS0003
An oil and gas industry geophysical rig site survey acquired in March 2007. The block number traversed was 30/16.

2007, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Auk ANB UKCS Block 30/16, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number TB07SS0004
An oil and gas industry geophysical rig site survey acquired in April 2007. The block number traversed was 30/16.

2007, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Auk ANC UKCS Block 30/16, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number TB07SS0002
An oil and gas industry geophysical rig site survey acquired between April and June 2007. The block number traversed was 30/16.

2007, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Dee Prospect UKCS Block 13/26, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number TB07SS0001
An oil and gas industry geophysical rig site survey acquired between February and March 2007. The block numbers traversed were 13/26 and 13/27.

2007, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, M/V Meridian Wreck Search Norwegian Sectors 1,2 & 7, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number TB07SS0006
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure acquired in April 2007 in Norwegian Sectors 1, 2 and 7.

2007, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Stenness Prospect UKCS Block 13/26, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number TB07SS0005
An oil and gas industry geophysical rig site survey acquired between January and February 2007. The block number traversed was 13/26.

2008, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS 21/25, Gannet A, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH08SS0002
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in June 2008. The block numbers traversed were 21/25 and 22/21.

2008, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS 21/25, Teal P2 Well, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH08SS0005
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in July 2008. The block number traversed was 21/25.

2008, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS 29/7a, Curlew D P4, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, BGS Reference Number SH08SS0006
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure (anchoring conditions) acquired in August 2008. The block number traversed was 29/7.

2008, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Block 22/12a Stavro, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number SH08SS0003
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired in July 2008. The block number traversed was 22/12.

2008, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Block 29/3a 29/3a-B Fram, Site Survey, BGS Reference Number SH08SS0004
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired in July 2008. The block number traversed was 29/3 covering the proposed 29/3a-B Fram Well location, prior to emplacement of a semi-submersible drilling rig.

2008, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Block 30/19 Borehole BH CN 108, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number SH08SS0007
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance acquired in September 2008. The block number traversed was 30/19.

2008, Shell UK Ltd, UKCS Blocks 23/22 and 23/27 , Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, BGS Reference Number SH08SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey for a pipeline/cable route (Pierce MDS to Pierce SDS) acquired between March and April 2008. The block numbers traversed were 23/22 and 23/27.

2009, ATP Oil & Gas UK Ltd, NW Kilmar, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2132
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P683 in December 2009. The block number traversed was 43/22.

2009, BG Group, Blake FBA, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2121
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P810 in November 2009. The block numbers traversed were 13/24a, 13/24b.

2009, BG Group, Everest FAA, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2021
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P101 in July/August 2009. The block numbers traversed were 22/9, 22/14.

2009, BG Group, Everest LAA, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2022
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P066 in July/August 2009. The block numbers traversed were 22/9, 22/10.

2009, BG Group, Everest LAC, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2020
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P066 in July/August 2009. The block numbers traversed were 22/9, 22/10.

2009, BHP Billiton, BH09011013, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number BH09SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey for a rig site clearance acquired under licence P710 in October 2009. The block number traversed was 110/13.

2009, BP Exploration, 2009 Clair Ridge HR Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 1944_1
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in May 2009. The block number traversed was UKCS 206/8.

2009, BP Exploration, 2009 Clair Ridge UHR Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 1944_2
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in May 2009. The block number traversed was UKCS 206/8.

2009, BP Exploration, 2009 Devenick Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 1930
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in May 2009. The block numbers traversed were 9/23, 9/24, 9/29.

2009, Centrica, Olympus, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2098
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1443 in October/November 2009. The block number traversed was 48/12.

2009, Centrica, Test , Platform Survey, DECC Reference Number 2073
An oil and gas industry site survey for a platform acquired under licence P016 in October 2009. The block number traversed was 47/3a.

2009, Dana Petroleum, Barbara & Phyllis, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2028
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P1051, P359, P749 between August and October 2009. The block numbers traversed were 23/16b, 23/16c, 23/11a.

2009, ENI UK Ltd, Hewett Seismic Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 1952
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in August 2009. The block number traversed was 48/30. The 2D HR seismic survey covered an area for the site of a proposed development drilling location and two new proposed platforms in the Deborah Field.

2009, EOG Resources, Proposed 21/12b Location, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 1990
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in July 2009. The block number traversed was UKCS 21/12b.

2009, EOG Resources, Prospect D, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2056
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired between September and October 2009. The block numbers traversed were 110/12a, 110/12b.

2009, EOG Resources, Prospect E, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2057
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired between September and October 2009. The block number traversed was 110/12.

2009, Fairfield Energy, Staffa, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2041
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P1607 in August/September 2009. The block numbers traversed were 3/08, 3/09, 3/10.

2009, Maersk Oil, UKCS 22/25a Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2048
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in December 2009. The block number traversed was 22/25a.

2009, Maersk Oil, UKCS 22/25a Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2049
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired between November and December 2009. The block number traversed was 22/25a.

2009, Perenco UK Ltd, Baird, Platform Survey, DECC Reference Number 2081
An oil and gas industry site survey for a platform acquired under licence P016 in October 2009. The block number traversed was 49/23a.

2009, Shell UK Ltd, Carrack East, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, DECC Reference Number 2065
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure acquired under licence P054 between September and December 2009. The block number traversed was 49/15.

2009, Shell UK Ltd, Carrack West, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, DECC Reference Number 2068
An oil and gas industry site survey for seabed infrastructure acquired under licence P132 between September and December 2009. The block number traversed was 49/14b.

2009, Shell UK Ltd, Gannet D, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 1998
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P013 in July 2009 (analogue) and November 2009 (digital). The block number traversed was 22/21.

2009, Shell UK Ltd, Guillemot, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2054
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P013 between October and November 2009. The block number traversed was 21/25.

2009, Shell UK Ltd, Pierce A11, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 1927
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P111 in April 2009. The block number traversed was 23/22a.

2009, Shell UK Ltd, Pierce B5, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2093
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P114 in October 2009. The block number traversed was 23/27a.

2009, Shell UK Ltd, Rockhopper, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2102
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P296 in December 2009. The block number traversed was 211/14.

2009, Shell UK Ltd, Starling, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 1933
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P012 in August 2009 (shallow gas only) and October 2009 (anchoring only). The block number traversed was 23/22a.

2009, Statoil, XH092D0911, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 1978
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licences P335, P726 in July/August 2009. The block numbers traversed were 9/11a, 9/11b. This dataset is restricted, licence partners can gain access via Statoil UK.

2009, Taqa Bratani Ltd, North Tern, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2015
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P296, P945 in July/August 2009. The block numbers traversed were 210/20, 210/25, 211/16, 211/21.

2009, Taqa Bratani Ltd, Pelican, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2014
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P296 in July 2009. The block number traversed was 211/26.

2009, Total E&P UK Ltd, Arran, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 1838
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P090 in February 2009. The block number traversed was 3/9a.

2009, Total E&P UK Ltd, Geophysical Site and Environmental Baseline Survey Black Sail UKCS Block 206/04, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2090
An oil and gas industry geophysical site and environmental baseline survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P1453 between September and November 2009. The block numbers traversed were 206/4, 206/5.

2009, Total E&P UK Ltd, West Franklin, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2032
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licences P362, P752 in September/October 2009. The block numbers traversed were 29/4d, 29/5b.

2009, Venture Production, Agatha, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2059
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P028 in October/November 2009. The block number traversed was 49/11a.

2009, Venture Production, Sycamore, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2079
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P212 in November 2009. The block number traversed was 16/12a.

2009, Venture Production, Wandsworth, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2085
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licence P1186 in November 2009. The block numbers traversed were 49/4c, 49/5b.

2010, Apache, Aviat, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2184
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P087 in April 2010. The block number traversed was 22/7.

2010, Apache, Forties Field Note, Drilling Hazard Survey, DECC Reference Number 2155
An oil and gas industry site survey for a drilling hazard acquired under licence P246 in April 2010. The block number traversed was 21/10.

2010, BG Group, Hobby, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2296
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P300 and P928 between August and September 2010. The block number traversed were 14/26a and 20/1.

2010, BG Group, Jackdaw, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2152
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P098 in March 2010. The block numbers traversed were 30/2a,30/3.

2010, BG Group, Lomond, Platform Survey, DECC Reference Number 2264
An oil and gas industry site survey for a platform acquired under licence P101 in August 2010. The block number traversed was 23/21.

2010, BG Group, Pi, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2208
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P356 between June and August 2010. The block number traversed was 22/5b.

2010, BG Group, White Bear, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2272
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1722 in August 2010. The block number traversed was 22/4b.

2010, BP Exploration, 2010 Kinnoull Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2017
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired between August and September 2010. The block numbers traversed were 16/23, 16/24.

2010, BP Exploration, 2010 Loyal Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2313
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired between November and December 2010. The block number traversed was 204/20.

2010, BP Exploration, 2010 SW Clair Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2297
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired between September and November 2010. The block number traversed was 206/12.

2010, BP Exploration, 2010 UKCS 22/20-T1 Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2209
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in May 2010. The block number traversed was UKCS 22/20.

2010, Centrica, Rhyl North (8488), Exploration Drilling Survey, BGS Reference Number XE10SS0001
An oil and gas industry exploration drilling site survey acquired under licence P1483 in August 2010. The block number traversed was 113/27b.

2010, Centrica, South Morecambe (8490), Exploration Drilling Survey, BGS Reference Number XE10SS0003
An oil and gas industry exploration drilling site survey acquired under licence P038 in August 2010. The block number traversed was 110/02a.

2010, Centrica, Whitehaven (8491), Exploration Drilling Survey, BGS Reference Number XE10SS0002
An oil and gas industry exploration drilling site survey acquired under licence P1483 in August 2010. The block number traversed was 113/27b.

2010, ConocoPhillips, North Jasmine, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2369
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P011 in October 2010. The block number traversed was 30/6.

2010, Dana Petroleum, Western Isles, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2244
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P472 between May and June 2010. The block number traversed was 210/24.

2010, Encore Oil PLC, Catcher North, Varadero, Burgman, Carnaby, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2295
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1430 between August and September 2010. The block numbers traversed were 28/9 and 28/4.

2010, Encore Oil PLC, Tudor Rose, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2303
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P1463 between August and September 2010. The block numbers traversed were 14/30a and 14/30c.

2010, Endeavour Energy UK Ltd, NW Rochelle, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2219
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P1615 in April 2010. The block number traversed was 15/26.

2010, Enquest PLC, Don H, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2286
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig and pipeline route acquired under licence P014 in July 2010. The block number traversed was 211/18.

2010, EON, SL15 and FPF Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2178
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired between September and October 2010. The block numbers traversed were 22/14a, 22/14b.

2010, Fairfield Energy, Crawford, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2222
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P209 in May 2010. The block number traversed was 9/28b.

2010, Fairfield Energy, Skye, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2203
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P296, P721 in April/May 2010. The block number traversed was 211/23.

2010, Gateway Gas Storage Ltd, Gateway Cavern Area, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2261
An oil and gas industry site survey for gas storage acquired between July and August 2010. The block number traversed was 110/3.

2010, Chevron, Lagavulin, Drilling Hazard Survey, DECC Reference Number 2248
An oil and gas industry site survey for a shallow hazard assessment of a potential drill site acquired under licence P1196 between June and July 2010. The block numbers traversed were 217/10, 217/15.

2010, Maersk Oil, Courageous Drilling Hazard Site Survey, Drilling Hazard Survey, DECC Reference Number 2373
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard site survey acquired in October 2010. The block number traversed was 30/2.

2010, Maersk Oil, Dunvegan Drilling Hazard Site Survey, Drilling Hazard Survey, DECC Reference Number 2228
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard site survey acquired in May 2010. The block numbers traversed were 15/18, 15/19.

2010, Maersk Oil, Edinburgh Drilling Hazard Site Survey, Drilling Hazard Survey, DECC Reference Number 2352
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard site survey acquired in October 2010. The block number traversed was 30/14.

2010, Maersk Oil, Ocean Endeavour Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2238
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in May 2010. The block number traversed was UKCS 22/25a.

2010, Nautical Petroleum PLC, NT100902S1, Drilling Hazard Survey, DECC Reference Number 2211
An oil and gas industry site survey for a drilling hazard acquired under licence P1077 in May 2010. The block number traversed was 9/02b.

2010, RWE Dea Ltd, Breagh East, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2319
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1230 between August and September 2010. The block number traversed was 42/13a

2010, RWE Dea Ltd, Macanta, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2124
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licences P1230, P1327, P1231 in December 2009 and January 2010. The block number traversed was 42/14.

2010, RWE Dea Ltd, Severn, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2321
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1726 in September 2010. The block numbers traversed were 43/17a and 43/18a.

2010, Serica Energy, Oates, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2111
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1620 in January 2010. The block number traversed was 22/19c.

2010, Shell UK Ltd, Fram, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2269
An oil and gas industry site survey for unconfirmed structures acquired under licence P012 between July and August 2010. The block number traversed was 29/3a.

2010, Shell UK Ltd, North Pierce Rig Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2285
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired in December 2010. The block number traversed was 23/22a.

2010, Shell UK Ltd, Skua, Debris Clearance Survey, DECC Reference Number 2271
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance and the evaluation of shallow gas near to an existing well. This survey was acquired under licence P358 in August 2010. The block number traversed was 22/24.

2010, Statoil, XH102D1618, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2362
An oil and gas industry site survey (investigation before drilling) acquired under licence PL303 (Norwegian) between August and October 2010. The block numbers traversed were 16/19 (UK), 15/8 (Norwegian).

2010, Sterling Resources Ltd, Cladhan B2, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2372
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P1064 between October and November 2010. The block numbers traversed were 210/29, 210/30.

2010, Sterling Resources Ltd, Cladhan, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2189
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P1064 in April 2010. The block numbers traversed were 210/29 and 210/30.

2010, Sterling Resources Ltd, Grian, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2210
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1540 in April/May 2010.

2010, Total E&P UK Ltd, Corfe, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2231
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1626 in July 2010. The block number traversed was 29/3b.

2010, Total E&P UK Ltd, Kemnay UKCS 3/14, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2226
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-submersible rig acquired under licences P090 and P284 between June and September 2010. The block numbers traversed were 3/14a and 3/14c.

2010, Total E&P UK Ltd, Oban, Drilling Hazard Survey, DECC Reference Number 2224
An oil and gas industry site survey for a drilling hazard acquired under licence P090 in June 2010. The block number traversed was 3/15.

2010, Tullow Oil Ltd, Cameron, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2395
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1139 in December 2010. The block number traversed was 44/19.

2010, Valiant Petroleum, Tybalt, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2339
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in September 2010. The block numbers traversed were 211/8c, 211/8a.

2010, Venture Production, Ensign, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2330
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P8 between November and December 2010. The block number traversed was 48/14a.

2010, Venture Production, Fulham, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2139
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1673 in January/February 2010. The block number traversed was 44/28a.

2010, Venture Production, Pegasus, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2235
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1724 in June 2010. The block number traversed was 43/13b.

2010, Venture Production, Whitethroat-Goosander, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2284
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P1415 and P073 between October and November 2010. The block numbers traversed were 21/17a and 21/12a.

2010, Wintershall, WI10G02002, Drilling Hazard Survey, DECC Reference Number 2142
An oil and gas industry site survey for drilling hazards acquired under licence P1430 in February 2010. The block numbers traversed were 20/2, 14/27.

2010, Xcite Energy Resources Ltd, Bentley, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2186
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1078 between March and April 2010. The block number traversed was 9/3b.

2011, Antrim Energy, East Fyne, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2507
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P077 between April and May 2011. The block numbers traversed were 21/28a and 21/29.

2011, Apache, Aviat Appraisal, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2534
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig/semi-sub rig acquired under licence P087 in July 2011. The block number traversed was 22/7.

2011, Apache, Val D'Isere, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2441
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P057 in July 2011. The block numbers traversed were 21/9, 21/10.

2011, ATP Oil & Gas UK Ltd, Skipper 9/21 Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2576
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rig, drilling hazard, environmental site survey acquired under licence P1609 between August and September 2011. The block numbers traversed were 9/21, 8/25.

2011, BG Group, Esperanza, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2458
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P089 and P110 in April 2011. The block numbers traversed were 22/15 and 22/14a.

2011, BG Group, Newt &Toad, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2504
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P101 and P1181 between May and June 2011. The block numbers traversed were 23/21 and 23/22.

2011, BG Group, West Columbus, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2501
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P101, P059 and P1314 in June 2011. The block numbers traversed were 23/21 and 23/16.

2011, BG Group, White Bear, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2399
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1722 in April 2011. The block numbers traversed were 22/3b and 22/4b.

2011, BP Exploration, 2011 Bruce Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2442
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in April 2011. The block number traversed was UKCS 9/9.

2011, BP Exploration, 2011 Foinaven Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2467
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired between April and May 2011. The block numbers traversed were 204/19, 204/24, 204/20.

2011, BP Exploration, 2011 Machar East Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2445
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in April 2011. The block number traversed was UKCS 23/26.

2011, BP Exploration, 2011 North Uist Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2577
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in November 2011. The block numbers traversed were 213/25, 213/20, 213/19, 213/24.

2011, Centrica, Annabel, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2611
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licences P028, P130 and P1246 in October 2011. The block numbers traversed were 48/10 and 48/15.

2011, Centrica, Bligh-Christian, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2465
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P185 between April and June 2011. The block numbers traversed were 21/20b, 21/20c, 21/20d and 21/20e.

2011, Centrica, Olympus, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2618
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence 48/12e. The block number traversed was 48/12e.

2011, Centrica, Pegasus, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2630
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1724 in November 2011. The block numbers traversed were 43/13b, 43/12.

2011, Centrica, Ventnor, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2600
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P251 between September and October 2011. The block numbers traversed were 110/8a, 110/8.

2011, ConocoPhillips, 44/21a-BM Boulton Platform, Debris Clearance Survey, BGS Reference Number CS11SS0001
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance acquired in January 2011. The block number traversed was 44/21.

2011, Dana Petroleum, SL5, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2645
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1242 in September 2011. The block number traversed was 48/1a.

2011, DEO Petroleum PLC, Perth, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2628
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rig, pipeline route site survey acquired under licence P588 between May and November 2011. The block number traversed was 15/21.

2011, Dong Energy, Glenrothes, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2549
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P1454 in August 2011. The block number traversed was 208/11.

2011, Enquest PLC, Cairngorm, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2524
An oil and gas industry site survey for semi-sub rigs and debris clearance acquired under licences E415, P1214 in June 2011. The block numbers traversed were 16/2b and 16/3d.

2011, Enquest PLC, Crathes, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2498
An oil and gas industry site survey for semi-sub rigs and debris clearance acquired under licence E415 in June 2011. The block numbers traversed were 21/12 and 21/13.

2011, Enquest PLC, East Don, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2626
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rigs/debris clearance site survey acquired under licences P236 and P1269. The block number traversed was 211/18.

2011, Enquest PLC, Galia, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2536
An oil and gas industry site survey for semi-sub rigs and debris clearance acquired under licence E415 in June 2011. The block number traversed was 30/24.

2011, Enquest PLC, Knightsbridge, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2384
An oil and gas industry site survey for semi-sub rigs, FPSO mooring, pipeline routes and debris clearance acquired under licence E415 between December 2010 and January 2011. The block numbers traversed were 30/24, 30/25, 30/29 and 30/30.

2011, Enquest PLC, South West Heather and Ivy, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2402
An oil and gas industry site survey for semi-sub rigs and debris clearance acquired under licences P902 and P242 between January and September 2011. The block numbers traversed were 2/4 and 2/5.

2011, EOG Resources, Conwy Platform, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2516
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, platform, environmental site survey acquired under licence P1476 in August 2011. The block number traversed was 110/12a.

2011, EOG Resources, J Prospect, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2566
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, jack-up rig, environmental, seabed infrastructure site survey acquired under licence P1476 in August 2011. The block numbers traversed were 110/12a, 110/7b, 110/7a and 110/7d.

2011, EON, Tolmount, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2432
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1330. The block number traversed was 42/28d.

2011, First Oil, Centurion South, Platform Survey, DECC Reference Number 2592
An oil and gas industry site survey for a platform acquired under licence P1627 between June and September 2011. The block number traversed was 29/6a.

2011, GDF Suez, Cygnus, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2398
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig and platform acquired under licence P1055 between March and April 2011. The block numbers traversed were 44/12 and 44/11.

2011, GDF Suez, Jaqui, Platform Survey, DECC Reference Number 2487
An oil and gas industry site survey for a platform acquired under licence P079 between April and May 2011. The block number traversed was 30/13.

2011, GDF Suez, Juliet, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2648
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P614 between October and November 2011. The block number traversed was 47/14b.

2011, Ithaca Energy (UK) Ltd, Harrier, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2486
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in April 2011. The UKCS block number traversed was 30/6.

2011, Ithaca Energy (UK) Ltd, Hurricane, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2481
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in April 2011. The UKCS block number traversed was 29/10.

2011, Ithaca Energy (UK) Ltd, Stella, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2483
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in April 2011. The UKCS block number traversed was 30/6.

2011, Maersk Oil, Ockley Site Survey, Drilling Hazard Survey, DECC Reference Number 2488
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard site survey acquired in April 2011. The block number traversed was 30/1d.

2011, Maersk Oil, UKCS 15/18d Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2621
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired between September and November 2011. The block number traversed was 15/18d.

2011, Nautical Petroleum PLC, NT110902S1, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2408
An oil and gas industry drill site investigation survey acquired under licences P1077 and E405. The block number traversed was 9/2b.

2011, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Blackbird/Ettrick WI/Panda Bear, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2543
An oil and gas industry environmental, drilling hazard, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licences P317, P273, P928, P1580, P1581 between June and August 2011. The block numbers traversed were 20/3a, 20/3f, 20/8a, 20/2a, 20/7a, 20/2c, 20/1.

2011, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Buzzard NT, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2660
An oil and gas industry environmental, drilling hazard, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P928 between November and December 2011. The block number traversed was 20/1.

2011, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Edgware, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2412
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, debris clearance and environmental site survey acquired under licence P1829 between February and April 2011. The block numbers traversed were 38/05, 39/01 and 38/10.

2011, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Hobby North, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2427
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, debris clearance, environmental site survey acquired under licence P300 between February and March 2011. The block numbers traversed were 14/26a, 13/30b.

2011, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Ivy, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2542
An oil and gas industry environmental, drilling hazard, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licences P118, P741, P1560 between June and July 2011. The block numbers traversed were 21/3b, 21/3a, 21/3f.

2011, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Polecat East, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2616
An oil and gas industry environmental, drilling hazard, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P1100 in September 2011. The block number traversed was 20/04.

2011, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Polecat South, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2434
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, debris clearance and environmental site survey acquired under licence P1100 between March and April 2011. The block numbers traversed were 20/03c,20/04a,20/08a,20/09a,20/09b.

2011, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Polecat South, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2622
An oil and gas industry environmental, drilling hazard, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licences P1100, P1581 between September and October 2011. The block numbers traversed were 20/08a, 20/09a.

2011, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Red Kite, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2410
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, debris clearance and environmental site survey acquired under licences P300, P928 between February and March 2011. The block numbers traversed were 14/26a and 20/01.

2011, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Stingray (Eagle), Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2413
An oil and gas industry environmental, drilling hazard, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P1212 between May and June 2011. The block numbers traversed were 15/13b, 15/8.

2011, Norwegian Energy Company UK Ltd, Crazy Horse, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2620
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub righ acquired under licence P1650 between September and October 2011. The block number traversed was 14/13.

2011, Perenco UK Ltd, Leman 53/2, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2420
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig, drilling hazard and debris clearance acquired under licence P025 in February 2011. The block number traversed was 53/2.

2011, Premier Oil, Bluebell, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2470
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licence PL1466 in April 2011. The block numbers traversed were 15/24c, 15/25f.

2011, RWE Dea Ltd, Breagh Nearshore Refraction Survey, Route Survey, DECC Reference Number 2430
An oil and gas industry route survey acquired under licence P1327 in February 2011. The block number traversed was 40/15.

2011, RWE Dea Ltd, Geophysical and Environmental Baseline Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2643
An oil and gas industry site survey for a drilling hazard, jack-up rig acquired under licences P1630, P1230 in October 2011. The block numbers traversed were 42/09, 42/10, 42/14, 42/15, 42/13.

2011, Shell UK Ltd, Denver, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2640
An oil and gas industry shallow gas site survey acquired under licence P088 in October 2011. The block number traversed was 49/20a.

2011, Shell UK Ltd, Shearwater, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2490
An oil and gas industry shallow gas site survey acquired under licence P188 in March 2011. The block number traversed was 22/30b.

2011, Statoil, ST11451, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2484
An oil and gas industry site survey for a platform/pipeline route acquired under licence P335 between May and June 2011. The block number traversed was 9/11. This was a shallow drilling survey without any seismic sources. It drilled 8 shallow boreholes to maximum depth of 102m below the seafloor for a planned jacket location. All borings were within a 209m radius of the planned wellbay centre. No borings were drilled for anchor locations. 11 samples of the seabed surface were taken along a planned pipeline route.

2011, Sterling Resources Ltd, Cladhan, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2533
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P1064 and P1680 between June and July 2011. The block numbers traversed were 210/29a, 210/29c, 210/30a and 210/30b.

2011, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Auk South, Platform Survey, DECC Reference Number 2510
An oil and gas industry site survey for a platform acquired under licence P116 in June 2011. The block number traversed was 30/16n.

2011, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, MAR BLP, Platform Survey, DECC Reference Number 2435
An oil and gas industry site survey for a platform acquired under licence P019 between May and June 2011. The block number traversed was 22/17.

2011, Total E&P UK Ltd, Fettercairn, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2439
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P090 between April and May 2011. The block number traversed was 3/15.

2011, Total E&P UK Ltd, Nuggets N7, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2601
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P014 in September 2011. The block number traversed was 3/18.

2011, Total E&P UK Ltd, Tomintoul, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2597
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P014 between October and November 2011. The block number traversed was 205/9.

2011, Tullow Oil Ltd, Acle, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2406
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1715 between December 2010 and January 2011. The block number traversed was 49/29.

2011, Tullow Oil Ltd, Foxtrot, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2426
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licences P1715 and P1716. The block numbers traversed were 49/29d, 49/29e and 49/30b.

2011, Tullow Oil Ltd, Ketch, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2570
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P453 between July and August 2011. The block number traversed was 44/28b.

2011, Valiant Petroleum, Handcross, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2551
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P1631 between July and August 2011. The block numbers traversed were 204/18b, 204/13a, 204/14c and 204/19c.

2011, Xcite Energy Resources Ltd, Bentley, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2546
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1078 in August 2011. The block number traversed was 9/3b.

2012 High frequency magnetic field induction coil data from Eskdalemuir Observatory, UK
High frequency (100 Hz) data from two horizontal induction coils measuring the Earth's magnetic field at the Eskdalemuir Observatory in the United Kingdom. The data covers the period from September 2012 to December 2012. Also included are examples of Matlab code and the frequency calibration files to convert to the raw data to SI units. Thumbnail spectrograms and metadata about the setup and equipment is also supplied.

2012, Apache, Forties Alpha, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2803
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P246 in May 2012. The block number traversed was 21/10.

2012, Apache, Ness, Nevis & Loirston, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2785
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub acquired under licences P254, P139, P337 between May and June 2012. The block numbers traversed were 9/12, 9/13.

2012, BG Group, Blake Infill, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2740
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P101, P729, P297 in May 2012. The block numbers traversed were 13/24a, 13/29b, 13/28a.

2012, BG Group, Jackdaw, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2865
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licences P098, P672, P111 between August and September 2012. The block numbers traversed were 30/2, 30/3.

2012, BG Group, Thunderer, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2847
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P098 between July and August 2012. The block number traversed was 30/2a.

2012, BP Exploration, 2012 Bruce Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2791
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance/semi-sub rig acquired under licences P090, P209, P276 in July 2012. The block numbers traversed were 9/8, 9/9.

2012, BP Exploration, 2012 Clair Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2750
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance/semi-sub rig acquired under licences P165, P168, P169, P170 between April and September 2012. The block numbers traversed were 206/7, 206/8, 206/9, 206/11, 206/12, 206/13.

2012, BP Exploration, 2012 Cyrus Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2809
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance/semi-sub rig acquired under licence P092 in July 2012. The block number traversed was 16/28.

2012, BP Exploration, 2012 Marnock Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2790
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance/jack-up rig acquired under licences P092, P358 in July 2012. The block number traversed was 22/24.

2012, BP Exploration, 2012 Mungo Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2793
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance/jack-up rig acquired under licence P059 in July 2012. The block numbers traversed were 22/20, 23/16.

2012, BP Exploration, 2012 Schiehallion Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2822
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance/semi-sub rig acquired under licences P556, P803, P559 in July 2012. The block numbers traversed were 204/20, 204/25.

2012, Caithness Petroleum Ltd, Analogue Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2678
An oil and gas industry analogue site survey acquired in February 2012. The block numbers traversed were 11/24, 11/25.

2012, Dana Petroleum, Magnolia, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2709
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P1610, P1766, P324 between February and March 2012. The block numbers traversed were 13/23a, 13/22d and 13/22a.

2012, Dana Petroleum, Pharos, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2743
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licences P1566, P1742, P1241 in April 2012. The block numbers traversed were 47/4d, 47/5d, 47/10c, 47/9c.

2012, Dana Petroleum, WIDP, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2887
An oil and gas industry development site survey acquired under licences P472, P570 between September and October 2012. The block numbers traversed were 210/24a, 210/24b.

2012, Dong Energy, Cragganmore, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2699
An oil and gas industry site survey for a DP rig acquired under licence P1598 between February and April 2012. The block number traversed was 208/17.

2012, Enquest PLC, Cairngorm, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2833
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, environmental, semi-sub rig, geotechnical site survey acquired under licences P1214, E415 in July 2012. The block numbers traversed were 16/2b,16/3d.

2012, Enquest PLC, Crathes to Goosander Pipeline Route Survey, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, DECC Reference Number 2852
An oil and gas industry pipeline route site survey acquired under licences P1107, P1617 between July and August 2012. The block numbers traversed were 21/12a, 21/12b, 21/12c, 21/12d.

2012, Enquest PLC, East Don, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2754
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, environmental, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licences P236, P1269 in June 2012. The block numbers traversed were 211/18, 211/19.

2012, Enquest PLC, Juniper, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2834
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, environmental, geotechnical, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P1608 between July and August 2012. The block number traversed was 3/11a.

2012, Enquest PLC, Kildrummy, Debris Clearance Survey, DECC Reference Number 2693
An oil and gas industry debris clearance/environmental site survey acquired under licences P585, P250 and P220. The block numbers traversed were 15/12 and 15/17.

2012, Enquest PLC, Kildrummy, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2756
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, environmental, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licences P585, P250, P220 between May and June 2012. The block number traversed were 15/12, 15/17.

2012, Enquest PLC, Kraken, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2845
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, environmental, semi-sub rig, geotechnical site survey acquired under licence P1077 in August 2012. The block numbers traversed were 9/2b, 9/1a.

2012, Enquest PLC, Scolty and Crathes, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2855
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, environmental, semi-sub rig, geotechnical site survey acquired under licences P1107, P1617 between July and August 2012. The block numbers traversed were 21/12b, 21/12c, 21/13a, 21/13c, 21/7a, 21/8a.

2012, EOG Resources, Conwy Y, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2780
An oil and gas industry jack-up rig, drilling hazard site survey acquired under licence P1476 in May 2012. The block number traversed was 110/12.

2012, Fugro, Beethoven streamer trials, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2786
An oil and gas industry site survey for sea trials acquired under licence E424 in April 2012. The block number traversed was 18/3.

2012, GDF Suez, Cygnus B, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2853
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1055 in August 2012. The block number traversed were 44/11, 44/12..

2012, GDF Suez, Cygnus E&A, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2864
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licences P1731, P1055 in August 2012. The block numbers traversed were 44/11, 44/12.

2012, GDF Suez, Jacqui, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2859
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1823 between August and September 2012. The block number traversed was 30/12.

2012, GDF Suez, Josephine, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2722
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P079 between February and March 2012. The block number traversed was 30/13a.

2012, GDF Suez, Marconi, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2854
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licences P1588, P363 in September 2012. The block number traversed was 30/1.

2012, GDF Suez, Taggart, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2651
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P1805 between November 2011 and February 2012. The block number traversed was 22/23c.

2012, Maersk Oil, Stephenson DHSS Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2784
An oil and gas industry North Sea site survey acquired in June 2012. The block number traversed was 13/26a.

2012, Maersk Oil, Tullich Drilling Hazard Site Survey 2012, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2936
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, drilling hazard site survey acquired under licence P257 in November 2012. The block numbers traversed were 9/23d, 9/23b, 9/18b.

2012, National Grid Twenty Nine Ltd, Humber CCS, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2644
An oil and gas industry jack-up rig, outcrop definition site survey acquired under licences P1858, P1034 between March and April 2012. The block numbers traversed were 42/25,43/21,43/28a.

2012, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Bardolph, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2639
An oil and gas industry environmental, drilling hazard, semi-sub rig site survey acquired between November 2011 and February 2012. The block numbers traversed were 20/7, 20/2a, 20/8a

2012, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Bugle, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2691
An oil and gas industry environmental, drilling hazard, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licences P324, P489, P815, P1559 in May 2012. The block number traversed was 15/23.

2012, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Buzzard, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2890
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rig, drilling hazard, environmental site survey acquired under licences P928, P986 between September and October 2012. The block numbers traversed were 20/1, 20/6a.

2012, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Ettrick, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2889
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rig, drilling hazard, environmental site survey acquired under licences P237, P317, P1580, P1779 between September and October 2012. The block numbers traversed were 20/2a, 20/3a.

2012, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Griffon, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2702
An oil and gas industry environmental, drilling hazard, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P1893 between February and March 2012. The block numbers traversed were 19/04, 19/05.

2012, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Lily, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2896
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rig, environmental, drilling hazard, debris clearance site survey acquired under licence P928 between September and December 2012. The block number traversed was 20/1.

2012, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Polecat East, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2821
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rig, drilling hazard site survey acquired under licence P110 in May 2012. The block number traversed was 20/04a.

2012, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Samedi, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2662
An oil and gas industry environmental, drilling hazard, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licences P300, P310, P811, P928 between April and May 2012. The block numbers traversed were 13/30a, 13/30b, 14/26a.

2012, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Telford, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2710
An oil and gas industry environmental, drilling hazard, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licences P218, P1870, P185 in March 2012. The block numbers traversed were 15/21a, 15/21d, 15/22.

2012, Norwegian Energy Company UK Ltd, Crazy Horse, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2742
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P1650 in March 2012. The block number traversed was 14/13.

2012, Premier Oil, 28/9 Area (Carnaby, Burgman, Bonneville, Catcher Infield), Drilling Hazard Survey, DECC Reference Number 2614
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard/environmental site survey acquired under licence P1430 between November 2011 and February 2012.The block numbers traversed were 28/8, 28/9, 28/10c.

2012, Premier Oil, Bonneville, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2840
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P1430 between June and July 2012. The block number traversed was 28/9.

2012, Premier Oil, Coaster, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2617
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, semi-sub rig, environmental site survey acquired under licence P1812 between November 2011 and February 2012. The block numbers traversed were 28/10a, 28/9.

2012, Premier Oil, Cyclone, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2771
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig aquired under licence P1784 in May 2012. The block numbers traversed were 21/7b, 21/6.

2012, Premier Oil, Lacewing, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2664
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licences P1181, P101 between December 2011 and January 2012. The block numbers traversed were 23/22b, 23/21.

2012, Premier Oil, Spaniards, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2615
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig, drilling hazard, environmental site survey acquired under licence P218 in March 2012. The block number traversed was 15/21.

2012, Shell UK Ltd, Commander, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2881
An oil and gas industry shallow gas site survey acquired under licence P012 in August 2012. The block number traversed was 22/30a.

2012, Shell UK Ltd, Fram PWRI, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2777
An oil and gas industry shallow gas site survey acquired under licence P012 in May 2012. The block numbers traversed were 29/3c, 29/4c.

2012, Shell UK Ltd, Gannet F, Drilling Hazard Survey, DECC Reference Number 2863
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard site survey acquired under licence P012 in August 2012. The block number traversed was 21/30.

2012, Suncor Energy, Romeo, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2646
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, semi-sub rig, environmental site survey acquired under licence P1666 between November 2011 and January 2012. The block numbers traversed were 30/11a, 30/11c & 29/15a 29/15b.

2012, Suncor Energy, Scotney, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2761
An oil and gas industry site survey fro a drilling hazard, semi-sub rig, environmental site survey acquired under licence P1648 in May 2012. The block numbers traversed were 20/5c, 20/5b.

2012, Taqa Bratani Ltd, Abercromby, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2725
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P1600, P1633, P945, P296 between April and May 2012. The block number traversed was 210/25.

2012, Taqa Bratani Ltd, Otter, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2669
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P226 between March and April 2012. The block number traversed was 210/15a.

2012, Taqa Bratani Ltd, Pelican, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2670
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P1752 between January and March 2012. The block number traversed was 211/26.

2012, Total E&P UK Ltd, Geophysical Site Survey Elgin NW UKCS Block 22/30c, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2769
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig, semi-sub-rig acquired under licence P188 in April 2012. The block number traversed was 22/30c.

2012, Total E&P UK Ltd, Geophysical Site Survey Elgin SE UKCS Block 22/30c & 22/30b, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2770
An oil and gas industry jack-up rig, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P188 in April 2012. The block numbers traversed were 22/30c, 22/30b.

2012, Total E&P UK Ltd, Geophysical Site Survey Franklin NW UKCS Block 29/5b, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2787
An oil and gas industry jack-up rig, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P362 between April and May 2012. The block number traversed was 29/5b.

2012, Total E&P UK Ltd, Geophysical Site Survey Franklin SE UKCS Block 29/5b, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2789
An oil and gas industry jack-up rig, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P362 between April and May 2012. The block number traversed was 29/5b.

2012, Total E&P UK Ltd, Horne Rig Site Survey UKCS Block 30/8, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2762
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig, semi-sub rig acquired under licence P1822 between July and August 2012. The block number traversed was 30/8.

2012, Total E&P UK Ltd, Scarinish Rig Site Survey UKCS Block 29/15a, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2763
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig, semi-sub rig acquired under licence P1816 in July 2012. The block number traversed was 29/15a.

2012, Tullow Oil Ltd, Schooner, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2744
An oil and gas industry relief well, debris clearance site survey acquired under licence P516 between March and April 2012. The block number traversed was 44/26.

2013 High frequency magnetic field induction coil data from Eskdalemuir Observatory, UK
High frequency (100 Hz) data from two horizontal induction coils measuring the Earth's magnetic field at the Eskdalemuir Observatory in the United Kingdom. The data covers the period from January 2013 to December 2013. Also included are examples of Matlab code and the frequency calibration files to convert to the raw data to SI units. Thumbnail spectrograms and metadata about the setup and equipment is also supplied.

2013 Time lapse photography of Helheim glacier (NERC grant NE/I007148/1)
These high resolution high-oblique time-lapse images were collected in hourly intervals from 5 locations around Helheim glacier in SE Greenland in the summer of 2013. Three cameras (Cameras 1, 2 and 3) were aimed at the calving front ~3.5 km down glacier from the calving front and two cameras (Cameras 4 and 5) were aimed cross-glacier ~3 km up glacier from the calving front. The images are in two stereo groups allowing the extraction of 3D data with significant processing though there are some optical issues that will degrade quality. Links to Published Papers: 1, Extensive Retreat of Greenland Tidewater Glaciers 2000-2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1657/AAAR0014-049 2, Dynamics of glacier calving at the ungrounded margin of Helheim Glacier South East Greenland. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015JF003531 3, Reverse Glacier motion during Iceberg calving and the cause of Glacial Earthquakes. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aab0460. 5, A High-resolution Sensor Network for Monitoring Glacier Dynamics. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2014.2348534. , On the Role of Buoyant Flexure in Glacier Calving. 6, Buoyant Flexure controls summer dynamic mass loss at Helheim Glacier Greenland

2013, BG Group, Jackdaw, Platform Survey, DECC Reference Number 3162
An oil and gas industry platform site survey acquired under licence P098 between August and December 2013. The block number traversed was 30/2a.

2013, BP Exploration, 2013 Artemis Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 3007
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, jack-up rig site survey acquired under licences P016, P774 in June 2013. The block number traversed was 47/03.

2013, BP Exploration, 2013 Don Site Survey, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 3009
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P236, P296, P104 in June 2013. The block numbers traversed were 211/13, 211/14, 211/18.

2013, BP Exploration, 2013 Machar Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 3021
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance, semi-sub rig acquired under licence P057 in June 2013. The block number traversed was 23/26.

2013, BP Exploration, 2013 Marnock Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 3060
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance, jack-up rig, pipeline/cable route acquired under licences P092, P358 between May and June 2013. The block numbers traversed were 22/24, 22/20, 22/25.

2013, BP Exploration, 2013 Monan Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 3008
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance, semi-sub rig, pipeline/cable route acquired under licence P059 in May 2013. The block number traversed was 22/20.

2013, Centrica, Doyle, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 2912
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licences P1482, P1483 in February 2013. The block numbers traversed were 113/22, 113/27.

2013, Centrica, Eagle, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2966
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P238 in April 2013. The block number traversed was 21/19.

2013, Centrica, Eagle, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 3153
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P238 in September 2013. The block number traversed was 21/19.

2013, Centrica, Grove, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2915
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig, debris clearance acquired under licences P083, P1447 in April 2013. The block number traversed was 49/10.

2013, Centrica, Knox-Lowry, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2913
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig, drilling hazard acquired under licences P1919, P1475 between February and March 2013, The block numbers traversed were 113/28, 113/29.

2013, ConocoPhillips, Brodgar, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 3030
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P118 in April 2013. The block number traversed was 21/3a.

2013, ConocoPhillips, Jasmine N Infill, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 3140
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licences P011, P1821 in August 2013. The block number traversed was 30/6.

2013, ConocoPhillips, Temple Wood, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 3044
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P103, P1773 between April and June 2013. The block numbers traversed were 15/29, 15/30.

2013, Dana Petroleum, Liberator, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 3047
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P1601, P101, P1987 in June 2013. The block numbers traversed were 13/23a, 13/24a, 13/24b, 13/23d-A.

2013, Enquest PLC, Kraken Templates, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 3015
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, environmental, semi-sub rig, geotechnical site survey acquired under licences P1077, P1759 between May and June 2013. The block numbers traversed were 9/1a, 9/1b.

2013, GDF Suez, Dalziel, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 3128
An oil and gas industry jack-up rig site survey acquired under licence P1799 in August 2013. The block numbers traversed were 22/16, 22/17.

2013, GDF Suez, Humphrey, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 3136
An oil and gas industry jack-up rig site survey acquired under licence P1901 in December 2013. The block number traversed was 44/16a.

2013, GDF Suez, Romeo, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number 3156
An oil and gas industry jack-up rig site survey acquired under licences P614, P5 between November and December 2013. The block numbers traversed were 47/14b, 47/14a.

2013, Chevron, Alder Relief Well Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 3121
An oil and gas industry site survey for relief well planning acquired under licence P119 between August and September 2013. The block numbers trsversed were 15/29a, 15/29d, 15/29e.

2013, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Blackbird, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 3019
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, environmental, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licences P317, P273, P1580, P1659, P1581 in June 2013. The block numbers traversed were 20/2a, 20/3a, 20/3f, 20/7a, 20/8.

2013, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Blackjack, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2953
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rig, drilling hazard, environmental, debris clearance site survey acquired under licences P300, P1611, P252, P928, P1779 in March 2013. The block numbers traversed were 14/26, 14/26a, 20/1.

2013, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Griffon North, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2959
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rig, drilling hazard, environmental, debris clearance site survey acquired under licences P811, P1893 between January and March 2013. The block numbers traversed were 13/29, 13/30b, 13/30, 19/4, 19/5b.

2013, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Kookaburra & Wall, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 3017
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, environmental, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P2067 between May and June 2013. The block numbers traversed were 28/14, 28/15, 29/11, 28/19, 28/20, 29/16.

2013, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Ravel, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 3065
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, environmental, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P226 in June 2013. The block numbers traversed were 15/26a, 15/27.

2013, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Wall Debris, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number SA_2
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, environmental, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P2067 in December 2013. The block numbers traversed were 28/15, 28/20, 29/11.

2013, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Wyvern, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 3016
An oil and gas industry environmental, drilling hazard, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P2050 between June and July 2013. The block numbers traversed were 30/29, 38/4, 38/5, 39/1b.

2013, Parkmead Group PLC, Perth, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 3001
An oil and gas semi-sub/development site survey acquired under licence P588 between March and April 2013. The block number traversed was 15/21.

2013, Premier Oil, Catcher Development Area, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 3053
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig, environmental, drilling hazard aquired under licence P1430 between May 2013 and July 2013. The block numbers traversed were 28/9a, 28/10c, 28/10a, 28/9.

2013, RWE Dea Ltd, Breagh B Site Survey and Pipeline Route to Breagh A (2013), Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 3172
An oil and gas industry platform and pipeline route site survey acquired under licence P1230 between October and November 2013. The block number traversed was 42/13a.

2013, Shell UK Ltd, Curlew, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2997
An oil and gas industry shallow gas site survey acquired under licence P012 between February and March 2013. The block number traversed was 29/7.

2013, Shell UK Ltd, Guillemot P5, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2992
An oil and gas industry shallow gas site survey acquired under licence P013 between February and March 2013. The block number traversed was 21/25.

2013, Shell UK Ltd, Guillemot W3, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 3115
An oil and gas industry shallow gas site survey acquired under licence P013 in August 2013. The block number traversed was 21/30.

2013, Shell UK Ltd, Merganser, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 3164
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P012 between September and October 2013. The block number traversed was 22/30.

2013, Shell UK Ltd, Pierce A12, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 3123
An oil and gas industry shallow gas site survey acquired under licence P111 in August 2013. The block number traversed was 23/22.

2013, Sterling Resources Ltd, Beverley, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 3002
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P1792, P013 in March 2013. The block numbers traversed were 22/26c, 21/30d and 21/30f.

2013, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Andromeda, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 3098
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licence P1880 between August and September 2013. The block number traversed was 29/20a.

2013, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Highlander, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 3099
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licence P324 between July and September 2013. The block number traversed was 14/20b.

2013, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Scapa, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 3102
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licences P249, P1768 between July and September 2013. The block numbers traversed were 14/19n, 14/19s, 14/19.

2013, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Shaw, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 3144
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licences P291, P1800 in September 2013. The block numbers traversed were 22/22a, 22/23d, 22/22d.

2013, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, UTBW, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 3137
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licences P324, P257, P218, P588, P237 in September 2013. The block numbers traversed were 14/20a,14/20b,14/25a,15/21a,15/21c,15/16a,15/16c.

2013, Taqa Bratani Ltd, Darwin, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2933
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub righ acquired under licences P184, P474, P1634 in May 2013. The block number traversed was 211/27.

2013, Taqa Bratani Ltd, Tulla, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 3055
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub righ acquired under licences P472, P570, P1600, P1995 between May and June 2013. The block numbers traversed were 210/24, 210/25.

2013, Taqa Bratani Ltd, UMC Cormorant, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 2869
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub righ acquired under licences P296, P232, P1845 in two phases (Phase 1: 22/10/2012 - 18/11/2012, Phase 1: 15/04/2013 to 12/05/2013). The block numbers traversed were 211/21, 211/26.

2013, Total E&P UK Ltd, Alwyn Relief Wells Geophysical Survey, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 3111
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P090 in August 2013. The block number traversed was 3/9a.

2013, Total E&P UK Ltd, Dunbar Relief Wells Geophysical Survey, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number 3112
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P090 in August 2013. The block number traversed was 3/14a.

2013, Total E&P UK Ltd, Rig Site Survey North-Eigg UKCS 3/24b, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number 2968
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig, semi-sub rig acquired under licence P975 between February and April 2013. The block number traversed was 3/24b.

2013, Total E&P UK Ltd, Speyburn Rig Site Survey, Exploration Drilling Survey, DECC Reference Number 3113
An oil and gas industry drilling exploration site survey acquired under licence P1754 in August 2013. The block number traversed was 3/18.

2014 High frequency magnetic field induction coil data from Eskdalemuir Observatory, UK
High frequency (100 Hz) data from two horizontal induction coils measuring the Earth's magnetic field at the Eskdalemuir Observatory in the United Kingdom. The data covers the period from January 2014 to December 2014. Also included are examples of Matlab code and the frequency calibration files to convert to the raw data to SI units. Thumbnail spectrograms and metadata about the setup and equipment is also supplied.

2014, Apache, Corona, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_147
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P103, P1986 in August 2014. The block numbers traversed were 9/18, 9/19.

2014, Apache, K-Prospect Extension, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_148
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P103, P1986 in August 2014. The block numbers traversed were 9/18, 9/19.

2014, BP Exploration, 2014 Machar 3D HR, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_84
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, debris clearance site survey acquired under licence P057 between June and July 2014. The block number traversed was 23/26.

2014, BP Exploration, 2014 Marnock Site Survey, Debris Clearance Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_108
An oil and gas industry debris clearance site survey acquired under licences P092, P358 in July 2014. The block number traversed was 22/24.

2014, BP Exploration, 2014 Mungo Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_118
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, debris clearance site survey acquired under licences P059, P1803 in June 2014. The block numbers traversed were 22/20, 23/16.

2014, BP Exploration, South Farragon 3D HR Seismic Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_87
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, debris clearance site survey acquired under licence P092 in June 2014. The block number traversed was 16/28.

2014, Centrica, 49/10a Grove NE Rig Site Survey, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_67
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licences P038, P1447 in April 2014. The block number traversed was 49/10.

2014, Centrica, Grove NE Pipeline Route, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_70
An oil and gas industry site survey for a pipeline/cable route acquired under licences P038, P1447 in April 2014. The block number traversed was 49/10.

2014, ConocoPhillips, Judy Platform Undershoot UKCS 30/07a, Platform Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_50
An oil and gas industry platform site survey acquired between March and April 2014. The block number traversed was 30/7.

2014, Enquest PLC, Gadwall, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_131
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, environmental site survey acquired under licence P238 in July 2014. The block number traversed was 21/19.

2014, Enquest PLC, Tyrone 9/2b-G, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_65
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance, 2DHR, semi-sub rig, ROV inspection acquired under licence P1077 between April and June 2014. The block number traversed was 9/2b.

2014, EON, Tolmount, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_151
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licence P1330 between September and October 2014. The block numbers traversed were 42/28d, 42/28c, 42/27.

2014, Marathon Oil (UK) Ltd, West Brae Wells Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_63
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in the Northern North Sea in March 2014. The block number traversed was 16/7.

2014, MPX North Sea Ltd, Lucius, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_116
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, environmental, exploration drilling site survey acquired under licence P1633 in August 2014. The block number traversed was 211/11.

2014, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Blackhorse Debris Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_203
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rig, debris clearance, environmental site survey acquired in October 2014. The block numbers traversed were 15/22, 15/23.

2014, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Buzzard, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_81
An oil and gas industry site and route survey for a platform, jack-up rig acquired under licence P928. The block numbers traversed were 20/1, 20/6a, 19/5a, 19/10a.

2014, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Manhattan Extension, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_225
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rig, debris clearance, environmental site survey acquired in October 2014. The block numbers traversed were 15/22, 15/23.

2014, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Manhattan, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_107
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P1420. The block numbers traversed were 22/13b, 22/18b, 22/18, 22/14d.

2014, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Sparrowhawk South/Firecrest, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_45
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rig, drilling hazard, debris clearance site survey acquired under licences P244, P1560, P118, P741, P1256 between February 2014 and March 2014. The block numbers traversed were 21/2a, 21/3a 21/3f.

2014, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Sparrowhawk, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_43
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rig, drilling hazard, debris clearance site survey acquired under licences P244, P1560, P118, P741, P1256 between November 2013 and March 2014. The block numbers traversed were 21/2a, 21/3a 21/3f.

2014, Parkmead Group PLC, Skerryvore, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_197
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, drilling hazard, environmental, jack-up rig, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P2082 in October 2014. The block numbers traversed were 30/13, 30/18.

2014, Shell UK Ltd, Skua, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_42
An oil and gas industry shallow gas site survey acquired under licence P358 between February and March 2014. The block number traversed was 22/24b.

2014, Statoil, ST14306 Mariner Area Block 8/15 and 9/11, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_122
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences E437,P1758,P335 in July 2014. The block numbers traversed were 8/15, 9/11.

2014, Suncor Energy, Kratos, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_196
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licence P1889 between July and September 2014. The block number traversed was 12/27.

2014, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Cayley, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_73
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance acquired under licence P291 in April 2014. The block number traversed was 22/17.

2014, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Debris Survey 15/16a-24, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_38
An oil and gas industry site survey for a debris clearance, semi-sub rig acquired under licence P237 in January 2014. The block numbers traversed were 15/16, 14/20.

2014, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Shaw, Debris Clearance Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_85
An oil and gas industry site survey for debris clearance acquired in April 2014. The block numbers traversed were 22/22d, 22/22a, 22/23d.

2014, Taqa Bratani Ltd, Sturgeon, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_162
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P1774 between August and September 2014. The block numbers traversed were 16/1, 16/2, 16/6, 16/7.

2014, Total E&P UK Ltd, UKCS 29/4b Dover Rig Site Survey, Exploration Drilling Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_102
An oil and gas industry exploration drilling site survey acquired under licence P2047 in April 2014. The block number traversed was 29/4b.

High frequency (100 Hz) data from two horizontal induction coils measuring the Earth's magnetic field at the Eskdalemuir Observatory in the United Kingdom. The data covers the period from January 2015 to December 2015. Also included are examples of Matlab code and the frequency calibration files to convert to the raw data to SI units. Thumbnail spectrograms and metadata about the setup and equipment is also supplied.

2015, Apache, Abandonment Survey Well 9/13a-27, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_325
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licences P139, P337 in July 2015. The block number traversed was 9/13.

2015, Apache, Abandonment Survey Well 9/13c-33, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_326
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licences P139, P337, P1763, P1985 in July 2015. The block numbers traversed were 9/13, 9/14.

2015, Apache, FNT, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_262
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P139, P337, P1983 in April 2015. The block number traversed was 9/13.

2015, Apache, Kinord Site Survey, Block 9/12, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_320
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P1982 in July 2015. The block number traversed was 9/12.

2015, Apache, Storr Site Survey, Block 9/19, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_319
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P103, P1986 between July and August 2015. The block number traversed was 9/19.

2015, BP Exploration, Clair 2D HR Seismic Survey, Drilling Hazard Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_287
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard site survey acquired under licence P165 in July 2015. The block number traversed was 206/8.

2015, BP Exploration, Kessog Seabed Survey, Debris Clearance Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_350
An oil and gas industry debris clearance site survey aquired under licences P2191, P672, P1821 in August 2015. The block numbers traversed were 30/1, 30/2, 30/6.

2015, BP Exploration, Schiehallion Seabed AUV Site Survey 2015, Debris Clearance Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_357
An oil and gas industry debris clearance site survey acquired under licences P556, P558, P803 between September and October 2015. The block numbers traversed were 204/19, 204/20, 204/24, 204/25.

2015, BP Exploration, South Farragon 3D HR Seismic Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_263
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, debris clearance site survey acquired under licences P092, P110 in July 2015. The block numbers traversed were 16/28,16/29.

2015, BP Exploration, Vorlich 3D HR Seismic Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_349
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, debris clearance site survey acquired under licence P363 between August and October 2015. The block number traversed was 30/1.

2015, Chevron, Alder P&A Site Survey 2015, Drilling Hazard Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_323
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard site survey acquired under licences P119, P103, P213 between July and October 2015. The block numbers traversed were 15/28a, 15/28c, 15/28d, 15/28e.

2015, Chevron, Captain EOR 2015, Geophysical & Geotechnical Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_255
An oil and gas industry seabed infrastructure, semi-sub rig, environmental site survey acquired between March and April 2015. The block numbers traversed were 13/22, 13/17.

2015, JX Nippon, Loanan AUV and EBS Survey, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_283
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P2024 between April and May 2015. The block numbers traversed were 214/23, 214/24a, 214/28a, 214/29b

2015, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Craster Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_302
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, drilling hazard, environmental, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P2062 in June 2015. The block numbers traversed were 205/15, 206/11.

2015, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Telford Debris Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_301
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, environmental, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P185 in June 2015. The block number traversed was 15/22.

2015, Shell UK Ltd, Penguins FPSO and Pipeline route survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_297
An oil and gas industry pipeline route and proposed seabed infrastructure site survey acquired under licence P296 between June and July 2015. The block numbers traversed were 211/13, 211/14.

2015, Summit Exploration & Production Ltd, Ranger 2D Seismic, sub-bottom profiler and magnetic surveys 15/16, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_239
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-submersible rig replacement acquired under licence E439. The block numbers traversed were 15/16, 15/11, 14/20.

2015, Total E&P UK Ltd, Elgin Shallow Hazard Survey Q3 2015. UKCS Block 22/30c, Drilling Hazard Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_294
An oil and gas industry site survey for a drilling hazard acquired under licence P666 in July 2015. The block number traversed was 22/30.

2015, Total E&P UK Ltd, Sween Rig Site Survey UKCS Blocks 3/30 & 4/26, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_374
An oil and gas industry exploration drilling, drilling hazard, jack-up rig site survey acquired under licence P2216 in September 2015. The block numbers traversed were 3/30, 4/26.

2015, Tullow Oil Ltd, Horne and Wren Geophysical Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_228
An oil and gas industry site survey to establish the geophysical and environmental characteristics, as well as safety risks, prior to decommissioning operations at the 53/3c 9A (Horne) and 53/3c-8 (Wren) platform wells. The survey was acquired under licences P786, P852 in January 2015. The block numbers traversed were 53/03a, 53/3c, 53/4b.

2015, Zennor Petroleum Ltd, Finlaggan Site Survey (UKCS 21/05c), Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_359
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P2013 in September 2015. The block number traversed was 21/5.

High frequency (100 Hz) data from two horizontal induction coils measuring the Earth's magnetic field at the Eskdalemuir Observatory in the United Kingdom. The data covers the period from January 2016 to December 2016. Also included are examples of Matlab code and the frequency calibration files to convert to the raw data to SI units. Thumbnail spectrograms and metadata are also supplied.

2016, Alpha Petroleum Resources Ltd, Cheviot Site Survey 2016, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_468
An oil and gas industry geophysical, geotechnical, environmental baseline, seabed infrastructure, semi-sub rig, FPSO mooring, drilling hazard, route site survey acquired under licence P1070 in July 2016. The block numbers traversed were 2/10, 2/15, 3/6, 3/11.

2016, Apache, Skene North Site Survey, Block 9/19, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_467
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P103, P1986 between June and July 2016. The block number traversed was 9/19.

2016, BG Group, Everest East Expansion Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_483
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P066 in August 2016. The block number traversed was 22/10.

2016, BP Exploration, Achmelvich 2D HR Seismic Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_456
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, debris clearance site survey acquired under licences E442, P2125 between August and September 2016. The block numbers traversed were 206/8, 206/9, 206/13, 206/14.

2016, BP Exploration, Arundel 3D HR Seismic Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_422
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, debris clearance site survey acquired under licence E422 in May 2016. The block numbers traversed were 16/22, 16/23.

2016, BP Exploration, Capercaillie 3D HR Seismic Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_462
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, debris clearance site survey acquired under licence E422 in June 2016. The block numbers traversed were 29/4, 29/9.

2016, Hurricane, Bombardier, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_489
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, semi-sub rig, drilling hazard, environmental site survey acquired under licence E447 in August 2016. The block numbers traversed were 205/22, 205/23.

2016, Hurricane, Warwick, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_486
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, semi-sub rig, drilling hazard, environmental site survey acquired under licence P2294 between August and September 2016. The block number traversed was 204/30.

2016, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Craster Extension, Debris Clearance Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_493
An oil and gas industry debris clearance site survey acquired under licence P2062 in September 2016. The block numbers traversed were 206/11, 205/15.

2016, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Currawong Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_440
An oil and gas industry exploration drilling, environmental, debris clearance, semi-sub rig, drilling hazard site survey acquired under licence P2067 in June 2016. The block numbers traversed were 28/20, 29/16, 28/15, 29/11.

2016, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Glengorm Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_373
An oil and gas industry exploration drilling, environmental, debris clearance, jack-up rig, semi-sub rig, drilling hazard site survey acquired under licence P2215 in June 2016. The block numbers traversed were 22/21, 22/26.

2016, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Komodo Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_405
An oil and gas industry exploration drilling, environmental, debris clearance, semi-sub rig, jack-up rig, drilling hazard site survey acquired under licence P2050 in March 2016. The block number traversed was 38/2.

2016, Statoil, ST16306 Jock Scott site survey, blocks 9/27 and 16/2c, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_495
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P2097, P2175 in August 2016. The block numbers traversed were 9/27, 16/2.

2016, Statoil, ST16322 Mariner site survey, blocks 9/11 and 9/12, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_503
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P335, P726, P979, P2152, P1982, P2150, P2151 in October 2016. The block numbers traversed were 9/11, 9/12.

2016, Statoil, ST16323 Verbier, site survey, 20/5 and 21/1, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_512
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P2170, P294, P593, P2234, P241, P2218 between October and November 2016. The block numbers traversed were 20/5, 21/1.

2016, Summit Exploration & Production Ltd, 21/06b Avalon Appraisal Well Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_446
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licences P2006 and E447 between May and November 2016. The block numbers traversed were 21/6, 21/7, 21/2, 21/1.

2016, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Montrose JU Foundation Assessment & Habitat Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_497
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, jack up rig, environmental site survey acquired under licence P019 between August and September 2016. The block numbers traversed were 22/17n / 22/18n.

2016, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Shaw Debris Clearance & Habitat Assessment Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_506
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, environmental site survey acquired under licence P291 in September 2016. The block number traversed was 22/22a.

2016, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Tartan North Terrace Debris Clearance & Habitat Assessment, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_407
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, environmental site survey acquired under licence P237 in March 2016. The block numbers traversed were 15/16a, 15/16b, 15/16d, 15/16e.

2016, Total E&P UK Ltd, Q1 2016 Elgin WHP A South Debris Survey. UKCS Block 22/30c, Debris Clearance Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_392
An oil and gas industry debris clearance site survey acquired under licence P666 between February and March 2016. The block number traversed was 22/30.

2016, Total E&P UK Ltd, Sween Debris Survey UKCS Blocks 3/30 & 4/26, NNS, Debris Clearance Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_450
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licence P2216 in June 2016. The block numbers traversed were 3/30, 4/26.

High frequency (100 Hz) data from two horizontal induction coils measuring the Earth's magnetic field at the Eskdalemuir Observatory in the United Kingdom. The data covers the period from January 2017 to September 2017. Also included are examples of Matlab code and the frequency calibration files to convert to the raw data to SI units. Thumbnail spectrograms and metadata about the setup and equipment is also supplied.

2017 High frequency magnetic field induction coil data from Eskdalemuir Observatory, UK (October to December 2017)
High frequency (100 Hz) data from two horizontal induction coils measuring the Earth's magnetic field at the Eskdalemuir Observatory in the United Kingdom. The data covers the period from October to December 2017.

2017, Apache, Garten Site Survey, Block 9/18, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_638
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P103, P337, P1986, P1985 in October 2017. The block numbers traversed were 9/13, 9/14, 9/18, 9/19.

2017, Apache, Titan Site Survey, Block 9/14, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_515
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P1985 between June and July 2017. The block numbers traversed was 9/14.

2017, Apache, Val d'Isere Site Survey, Block 21/10, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_576
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P1998, P246 in July 2017. The block numbers traversed were 21/9b, 21/10a, 21/10b.

2017, Azinor Catalyst Ltd, Agar Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_577
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, seabed infrastructure, drilling hazard, semi-sub rig, environmental site survey acquired under licence P1763 in June 2017. The block number traversed was 9/14.

2017, Azinor Catalyst Ltd, Partridge Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_549
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, seabed infrastructure, drilling hazard, semi-sub rig, environmental site survey acquired under licence P1989 in February 2017. The block numbers traversed were 14/11, 14/12.

2017, BP Exploration, Alligin site survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_646
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, environmental, debris clearance, route site survey acquired under licence E422 in October 2017. The block numbers traversed were 204/19, 204/20, 204/24, 204/25.

2017, BP Exploration, Alligin site survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_681
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, environmental, debris clearance, route site survey acquired under licence E422 in November 2017. The block numbers traversed were 204/19, 204/20, 204/24, 204/25.

2017, BP Exploration, Machar Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_617
An oil and gas industry bathymetric site survey acquired under licences E422, P057 in August 2017. The block number traversed was 23/26.

2017, BP Exploration, Rhum Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_652
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, drilling hazard, route site survey acquired under licences E422, P198, P566 in September 2017. The block number traversed was 3/29.

2017, BP Exploration, Vorlich Route survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_669
An oil and gas industry route, environmental, debris clearance site survey acquired under licences E422, P363 in November 2017. The block numbers traversed were 30/1, 30/6.

2017, i3 Energy Ltd, 2D Seismic Survey, Sub-bottom profiler: Blake & Liberator Well Sites, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_615
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licence P1987 in August 2017. The block numbers traversed were 13/23, 13/24, 13/29, 13/28.

2017, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Cragganmore, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_593
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, environmental site survey acquired under licence P1598 between June and July 2017. The block numbers traversed were 208/12, 208/17, 208/16, 208/11.

2017, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Golden Eagle Debris Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_639
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, seabed infrastructure site survey acquired under licence P928 between October and November 2017. The block numbers traversed were 20/1N, 17/26a, 14/26c, 14/26d.

2017, PX Ltd, 2017 Nearshore Acoustic Pipeline Inspection Survey - St. Fergus, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_624
An oil and gas industry pipeline inspection site survey acquired by geophysical methods in July 2017. The block numbers traversed were 19/11, 19/12.

2017, Shell UK Ltd, Egret Anchoring Conditions and Environmental Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_592
An oil and gas industry anchoring conditions site survey acquired under licences P664, P012 in June 2017. The block numbers traversed were 22/24, 22/29.

2017, Shell UK Ltd, Gannet C Anchoring Conditions and Environmental Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_596
An oil and gas industry anchoring conditions site survey acquired under licences P2339, P013 in June 2017. The block numbers traversed were 21/25, 21/30, 22/21, 22/26.

2017, Shell UK Ltd, Gannet E to Triton pipeline and umbilical route Survey, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_597
An oil and gas industry pipeline route site survey acquired under licences P2339, P013 in June 2017. The block number traversed was 21/30.

2017, Shell UK Ltd, Goldeneye, Platform Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_665
An oil and gas industry platform conditions site survey acquired under licence P2345 between November and December 2017. The block number traversed was 14/29a.

2017, Shell UK Ltd, Heron Anchoring Conditions and Environmental Survey , Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_602
An oil and gas industry anchoring conditions site survey acquired under licence P012 in June 2017. The block number traversed was 22/30.

2017, Shell UK Ltd, Kingfisher, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_603
An oil and gas industry anchoring conditions site survey acquired under licence P295 in June 2017. The block number traversed was 16/8a.

2017, Statoil, Bigfoot site survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_644
An oil and gas industry exploration drilling, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P2314 between September and November 2017. The block numbers traversed were 9/17, 9/18, 9/22, 9/23.

2017, Statoil, Pip site survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_650
An oil and gas industry exploration drilling, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P2318 between October and November 2017. The block numbers traversed were 15/9, 15/10, 15/14, 15/15.

2017, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Arbroath Foundation Assessment Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_545
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, jack up rig, environmental, seabed infrastructure site survey acquired under licences P291, P292 between May and June 2017. The block numbers traversed were 22/17s / 22/18a.

2017, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Shaw 2017 Debris Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_546
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, environmental, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P291 between February and March 2017. The block numbers traversed were 22/22a, 22/23.

2017, Total E&P UK Ltd, 2017 Q2 Franklin WHP Debris Survey 29/5b CNS, Debris Clearance Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_550
An oil and gas industry debris clearance site survey acquired under licence P362 in May 2017. The block number traversed was 29/5b.

2017, Total E&P UK Ltd, 2018 Q1 West Franklin WHP Debris Survey 29/5b & 29/4d CNS, Debris Clearance Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_700
An oil and gas industry debris clearance site survey acquired under licences P362, P752 in May 2017. The block numbers traversed were 29/5b, 29/4d.

2017, Total E&P UK Ltd, Sween Rig Site Survey UKCS Blocks 3/30, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_587
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licence P2216 between May and June 2017. The block number traversed was 3/30.

2017, Zennor Petroleum Ltd, Finlaggan Rig Site Survey and Pipeline Route Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_575
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rig, pipeline, environmental site survey acquired under licence P2013 between June and July 2017. The block numbers traversed were 21/5, 22/1, 15/30.

High frequency (100 Hz) data from two horizontal induction coils measuring the Earth's magnetic field at the Eskdalemuir Observatory in the United Kingdom. The data covers the period from January 2018 to December 2018. Also included are examples of Matlab code and the frequency calibration files to convert to the raw data to SI units. Thumbnail spectrograms and metadata are also supplied.

2018, Apache, Seagull EBS Survey, Block 22/24 & 22/29, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_707
An oil and gas industry pipeline route survey acquired under licences P092, P358, P664, P1621, P1622 in April 2018. The block number traversed were 22/24, 22/29.

2018, Apache, Storr EBS Survey, Block 9/19, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_702
An oil and gas industry pipeline route site survey acquired under licences P103, P1986 in April 2018. The block number traversed was 9/19.

2018, BP Exploration, Allign site survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_739
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, shallow geotechnical site survey acquired under licence E422 in June 2018. The block numbers traversed were 204/19, 204/20.

2018, BP Exploration, Clair Environmental survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_753
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, shallow geotechnical, pipeline route site survey acquired under licences E422, P165 between June and July 2018. The block numbers traversed were 206/7,206/8, 206/12, 206/13.

2018, BP Exploration, Clair SBP trial survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_767
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licences E422, P165 between July and August 2018. The block numbers traversed were 206/7,206/8, 206/12, 206/13.

2018, BP Exploration, Elgar site survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_754
An oil and gas industry drilling hazrd, debris clearance site survey acquired under licences E422, P2167 between July and August 2018. The block number traversed was 16/22.

2018, Cathie Associates, Colter Rig Site Survey, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_760
An oil and gas industry jack-up rig site survey acquired under licence P1918 in September 2018. The block number traversed was 98/11.

2018, Cathie Associates, Wick Rig Site Survey, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_748
An oil and gas industry jack-up rig site survey acquired under licence P2235 in September 2018. The block number traversed was 11/24.

2018, ENI UK Ltd, Aspen 2D Seismic and Sub-bottom Profiler Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_744
An oil and gas industry pre-drilling site survey acquired under licence P1965 in August 2018. The block numbers traversed were 53/14, 53/15.

2018, Enquest PLC, Dunlin Bypass Pipeline Route Survey, Route Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_749
An oil and gas industry pipeline route survey acquired in July 2018. The block number traversed was 211/18.

2018, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Buzzard Geophysical Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_675
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, semi-sub rig, exploration drilling, debris clearance site survry acquired under licences P928, P986, P2283 in March 2018. The block numbers traversed were 20/6, 20/1.

2018, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Buzzard Geotechnical Site Investigation, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_685
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licences P928, P986, P2283 in April 2018. The block number traversed was 20/1.

2018, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Glengorm Geophysical Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_663
An oil and gas drilling hazard, semi-sub rig, exploration drilling, debris clearance site survey acquired under licence P2215 between January and February 2018. The block numbers traversed were 22/21, 22/26.

2018, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Glengorm Geotechnical Site Investigation, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_664
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licence P2215. The block number traversed were 22/21, 22/26.

2018, Shell UK Ltd, Fram 2DHR Infill Seismic Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_783
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licences P012, P1664 between August and October 2018. The block numbers traversed were 29/3, 29/4.

2018, Shell UK Ltd, Gannet Export (Fulmar Bypass), Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_765
An oil and gas industry pipeline route site survey acquired under licences P032, P185 in August 2018. The block numbers traversed were 30/11, 30/12, 30/13.

2018, Shell UK Ltd, Penguins FPSO Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_718
An oil and gas industry foundation conditions site survey acquired under licence P296 between May and June 2018. The block numbers traversed were 211/13, 211/14.

2018, Shell UK Ltd, Penguins Rig Site Survey - C-Updip , Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_729_4
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licences P2340, P296 between June and July 2018. The block numbers traversed were 211/13, 211/14, 211/8.

2018, Shell UK Ltd, Penguins Rig Site Survey - DT-04 , Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_729_6
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licences P2340, P296 between June and July 2018. The block numbers traversed were 211/13, 211/14, 211/8.

2018, Shell UK Ltd, Penguins Rig Site Survey - PAN-N, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_729_2
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licences P2340, P296 between June and July 2018. The block numbers traversed were 211/13, 211/14, 211/8.

2018, Shell UK Ltd, Penguins Rig Site Survey - PAN-W, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_729_3

2018, Shell UK Ltd, Penguins Rig Site Survey - Rockhopper, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_729_5

2018, Shell UK Ltd, Penguins Rig Site Survey - Tybalt, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_729_1

2018, Shell UK Ltd, Pierce 2DHR Infill Seismic Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_779
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licences P111, P114 between September and October 2018. The block numbers traversed were 23/22, 23/27.

2018, Shell UK Ltd, Pierce Pipeline Route Survey - Pierce to Curlew DGD, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_709
An oil and gas industry pipeline route site survey acquired under licences P2189, P1937, P188, P2395, P1588, P2455, P2390, P114 between April and May 2018. The block numbers traversed were 23/27, 23/26, 30/1, 29/5, 29/10, 29/9.

2018, Shell UK Ltd, Pierce Pipeline Route Survey - Pierce to Shearwater, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_708
An oil and gas industry pipeline route site survey acquired under licences P114, P264, P188 between April and May 2018. The block numbers traversed were 23/27, 23/26, 22/30.

2018, Total E&P UK Ltd, 2018 Ballechin Rig Site Survey 214/27b 214/28a 214/28b WOS, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_784
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licence P2405 between September and October 2018. The block numbers traversed were 214/27b, 214/28a, 214/28b.

2018, Total E&P UK Ltd, 2018 Laggan HR Seismic Survey 206/1a WOS, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_768
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licence P911 in September 2018. The block number traversed was 206/1a.

2018, Total E&P UK Ltd, Culzean 22/25a-C5 well VSP Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_703
An oil and gas industry well/VSP site survey acquired in May 2018. The block number traversed was 22/25.

2018, Zennith Energy Ltd, Bedevere rig site survey (Block 48/18), Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_807
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired between November and December 2018. The block number traversed was 48/18.

High frequency (100 Hz) data from two horizontal induction coils measuring the Earth's magnetic field at the Eskdalemuir Observatory in the United Kingdom. The data covers the period from January 2019 to December 2019. Also included are examples of Matlab code and the frequency calibration files to convert to the raw data to SI units. Thumbnail spectrograms and metadata are also supplied.

2019, Apache, Bacchus Site Survey, Block 22/6, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_987
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licences P255, P2375, P084 in October 2019. The block number traversed was 22/6.

2019, Apache, Callater Debris Survey, Block 9/19, Debris Clearance Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_979
An oil and gas industry debris clearance site survey acquired under licences P103, P1986 in October 2019. The block numbers traversed were 9/18, 9/19.

2019, Apache, Solar Rig Site Survey, Block 9/18, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_903
An oil and gas industry site survey for a semi-sub rig acquired under licences P103, P1986, P2335 in July 2019. The block numbers traversed were 9/18, 9/19.

2019, BP Exploration, Andrew 2019 Geophysical Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_955
An oil and gas industry seabed clearance, debris clearance, drilling hazard, environmental site survey acquired under licences P165, P168, P169, P2125 between September and October 2019. The block numbers traversed were 16/27, 16/28.

2019, BP Exploration, Clair South 2019 Geophysical Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_909
An oil and gas industry platform, route, seabed infrastructure, debris clearance site survey acquired under licences P165, P168, P169, P2125 between May and June 2019. The block numbers traversed were 206/8, 206/12, 206/13.

2019, BP Exploration, Skua 2019 Geophysical and Shallow Geotech Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_945
An oil and gas industry seabed infrastructure, debris clearance, drilling hazard, environmental site survey acquired under licences P358, P2452 in September 2019. The block numbers traversed were 22/23, 22/24.

2019, CNOOC Petroleum Europe Ltd, Cragganmore Appraisal 2 Well Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_943
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, seabed infrastructure, semi-sub rig, environmental site survey acquired under licence P1598 in September 2019. The block numbers traversed were 208/12, 208/17.

2019, CNOOC Petroleum Europe Ltd, Glengorm Geophysical Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_871
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, jack-up rig, appraisal drilling site survey acquired under licence P2215 between May and June 2019. The block numbers traversed were 22/21, 22/22, 22/26, 22/27.

2019, CNOOC Petroleum Europe Ltd, Glengorm Geotechnical Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_870
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, jack-up rig site survey acquired under licence P2215 between September and November 2019. The block numbers traversed were 22/21, 22/26.

2019, Dana Petroleum, Platypus Export Pipeline Route Survey, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_820
An oil and gas industry site survey for a pipeline route acquired under licence P1242 between October 2018 and January 2019. The block numbers traversed were 42/28, 42/29, 47/4, 47/5, 48/1.

2019, Dana Petroleum, Platypus Field Development, Platform Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_821
An oil and gas industry site survey for a platform acquired under licence P1242 between October 2018 and January 2019. The block numbers traversed were 47/5b, 48/1a.

2019, Equinor UK Ltd, Tiger Lily, Exploration Drilling Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_935
An oil and gas industry rig 2D seismic, sub-bottom profiler and pinger site survey acquired under licence P2319 between June and July 2019. The block numbers traversed were 16/2, 16/3.

2019, Fraser Well Management, Curlew Marine Site Survey (29/7b), Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_963
An oil and gas industry rig emplacement 2D seismic, sub-bottom profiler sparker, sub-bottom profiler chirp, sub-bottom profile pinger site survey acquired under licence P2396 between July and August 2019. The block number traversed was 29/7.

2019, Chrysaor Ltd, Corrie 2019 Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_920
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licence P2389 in July 2019. The block numbers traversed were 23/21, 23/22.

2019, Chrysaor Ltd, Jerv 2019 Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_925
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licence P591 between July and August 2019. The block number traversed was 16/29.

2019, Chrysaor Ltd, Lad Rig Site Survey & Pipeline Route Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_915
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licence P066 between June and July 2019. The block numbers traversed were 22/09a, 22/10a.

2019, Chrysaor Ltd, North West Seymour Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_916
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licence P356 between June and July 2019. The block number traversed was 22/5b.

2019, i3 Energy Ltd, Liberator Site Survey, Blocks 13/23, 13/24, 13/28 & 13/29, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_764
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rig, route site survey acquired under licences P2358, P1987, P101, P297 between March and April 2019. The block numbers traversed were 13/23, 13/24, 13/28.

2019, i3 Energy Ltd, Serenity Site Survey, Blocks 13/23 and 13/24 , Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_861
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rig survey acquired under licence P2358 between March and April 2019. The block numbers traversed were 13/23, 13/24.

2019, Ithaca Energy (UK) Ltd, Fotla Area Geophysical Survey 22/1b, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1000
An oil and gas industry geophysical site survey acquired between October and November 2019. The block number traversed was 22/1.

2019, Nexen Petroleum UK Ltd, Howick Geophysical Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_621
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, semi-sub rig, exploration drilling site survey acquired under licence P2298 between December 2018 and January 2019. The block numbers traversed were 205/25, 206/21.

2019, Orangje Nassau Energie Resources Ltd , Ossian Darach - Well 41/04-01 - Site Survey - Block 42/4, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_841
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, environmental site survey acquired under licence P2133 between January and February 2019. The block number traversed was 42/4.

2019, Serica Energy, Pipeline and Well Site Survey - Sub-Bottom Profiler & 2D Seismic Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_880
An oil and gas industry pipeline and well site survey acquired in May 2019. The block numbers traversed were 23/16f, 23/21a, 23/16a, 23/21b.

2019, Shell UK Ltd, Arran Rig Site Survey , Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_899
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licence P539 in April 2019. The block number traversed was 23/16b.

2019, Shell UK Ltd, Brent North North Anchoring Condition Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_886
An oil and gas industry anchoring conditions survey acquired under licences P104, P257, P117, P2460 in July 2018. The block numbers traversed were 211/24, 211/25, 211/29, 211/30.

2019, Shell UK Ltd, Curlew Site Survey, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_774
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licences P2396, P012 in March 2019. The block numbers traversed were 29/7, 29/8.

2019, Shell UK Ltd, Gannet A to D Pipeline Route Survey, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_942
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licence P013 in August 2019. The block number traversed was 22/21.

2019, Shell UK Ltd, Gannet B Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_875
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licence P013 in April 2019. The block numbers traversed were 21/30, 21/25.

2019, Shell UK Ltd, Gannet F Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_876
An oil and gas industry rig positioning survey to facilitate anchor pattern planning at Gannet F acquired in April 2019. The block number traversed was 21/30.

2019, Shell UK Ltd, Jaws Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_818
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licences P2380, P2351,P2381 between March and April 2019. The block numbers traversed were 22/12, 22/13.

2019, Shell UK Ltd, Orlov Site Survey, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_819
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licences P087, P2377, P077, P2351, P096 between June and July 2019. The block numbers traversed were 22/7, 22/8, 22/12, 22/13.

2019, Shell UK Ltd, Pierce Pipeline Route Survey, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_996
An oil and gas industry site survey for a pipeline route acquired under licences P188, P2390, P264 in August 2019. The block numbers traversed were 22/30, 23/26, 23/27.

2019, Taqa Bratani Ltd, Harding North Site Survey, Semi-Sub Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_885
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rig survey acquired under licences P478, P257, P496 between April and May 2019. The block numbers traversed were 9/23, 9/18.

2019, Total E&P UK Ltd, 2018 Q4 Balvenie Rig Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_844
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licences P284, P090 between December 2018 and January 2019. The block numbers traversed were 3/15b, 3/15c, 3/15d.

2019, Total E&P UK Ltd, 2019 Q1 Alwyn South Rig Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_836
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licences P268, P090 in January 2019. The block numbers traversed were 3/9a, 3/9d, 3/10a, 3/10b.

2019, Total E&P UK Ltd, VSP Operation at Culzean, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_857
An oil and gas industry VSP site survey acquired under licence P111 between March and April 2019. The block numbers traversed were 22/25, 22/30.

2020 data consists of high frequency (100 Hz) data from two horizontal induction coils measuring the Earth's magnetic field at the Eskdalemuir Observatory in the United Kingdom (Location in Geographic Coordinates: 55.314° N 356.794° E and Elevation: 245m above mean sea level).

2020, Apache, Gamma Rig Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_933
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licences P103, P1986 in March 2020. The block number traversed was 9/19.

2020, Fugro, Winter Trials UKCS Block 13/20 , Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1030
An oil and gas industry site survey for equipment testing acquired in March 2020. The block number traversed was 13/20.

2020, i3 Energy Ltd, Serenity & Liberator Site Survey, Block 13/23, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1034
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired between January and March 2020. The block numbers traversed were 13/22, 13/23.

2020, Shell UK Ltd, Jaws 2DUHR Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1101
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licences P2380, P2351, P2381 between July and August 2020. The block numbers traversed were 22/12.

2020, Shell UK Ltd, Jaws Geotechnical Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1122
An oil and gas industry geotechnical borehole site survey acquired under licence P2380 in August 2020. The block number traversed was 22/12.

2020, Shell UK Ltd, Orlov 2DUHR Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1100
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licences P2380, P2351, P2381 between July and August 2020. The block numbers traversed were 22/7, 22/8.

2020, Shell UK Ltd, Orlov Geotechnical Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1123
An oil and gas industry geotechnical borehole site survey acquired under licence P2377 in August 2020. The block number traversed was 22/8.

2020, Total E&P UK Ltd, Culzean C7 VSP, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_965
An oil and gas industry VSP site survey acquired under licence P111 between December 2019 and January 2020. The block number traversed was 22/25.

2020, Total E&P UK Ltd, Isabella VSP, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1025
An oil and gas industry VSP site survey acquired under licence P1820 in February 2020. The block number traversed was 30/12.

2021 data consists of high frequency (100 Hz) data from two horizontal induction coils measuring the Earth's magnetic field at the Eskdalemuir Observatory in the United Kingdom (Location in Geographic Coordinates: 55.314° N 356.794° E and Elevation: 245m above mean sea level).

2021 Welsh Fishermen’s Association - Cymdeithas Pysgotwyr Cymru (WFA-CPC) Severn Esturary/Môr Hafren SAC Benthic and Geophysical surveys
MEDIN Data. Within the project (WFA-CPC EMFF Protecting Our Seas), benthic and geophysical surveys were undertaken in the Severn Esturary/Môr Hafren SAC to explore the location of Sabellaria alveolata reefs, and collected bathymetry, sidescan sonar, AGDS and acoustic imagery data (ARIS) to identify areas of variable ground or potential features. A ten-day survey was undertaken in July 2020 to collect broad-scale acoustic data using an interferometric swath bathymetric system (GeoSwath Plus) and Acoustic Ground Discrimination System (RoxAnn™ AGDS). Twelve secondary survey areas were selected to be investigated in greater detail using high frequency sidescan sonar and an Acoustic Resonance Inspection System (ARIS Explorer 3000) camera in a second ten-day survey conducted in August 2020 ( The data sets include: SSS (.tif) collected using Trident SeaStar MBES (.xyz) collected using GeoSwath Plus, AGDS (.csv and .asc) collected using RoxAnn™ AGDS ARIS imagery (.png and .mp4) collected using ARIS Explorer 3000 camera Shapefiles (.shp etc)

2021, BP Exploration, NEP Pipeline Routing and Endurance Store Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1252
An oil and gas industry environmental sampling and shallow geotechnical investigation site survey along proposed pipeline routes and at proposed offshore drilling sites for carbon capture usage and storage acquired between June and September 2021. The block numbers traversed were 40/15, 41/11, 41/12, 41/13, 41/14, 41/19, 41/20, 42/16, 42/17, 42/18, 42/23, 42/24, 42/25, 47/6, 47/7, 47/2, 47/27, 47/28.

2021, CGG Services (UK) Ltd , CG21BROD3D: CGG Brodgar Infill 2021, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1200
An oil and gas industry 3D survey acquired under licences P118, P2350, P241, P347, P741 in July 2021. The block numbers traversed were 21/1, 21/2, 21/3, 21/4.

2021, CNOOC International, GEAD NDC, GEAD to Buzzard Pipeline Routes, Buzzard NTM, and Green Volt Geophysic, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1265
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, debris clearance, anchoring conditions for semi-sub rigs, environmental monitoring site survey acquired under licences P300, P928, P2359, P986 between August and October 2021. The block numbers traversed were 14/26, 19/05, 19/10, 20/01, 20/2, 20/3, 20/6, 20/7.

2021, Nautical Petroleum PLC, East Orkney Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1166
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licence P2468 in June 2021 The block numbers traversed were 13/3, 13/4, 13/5, 13/6, 13/7, 14/1.

2021, Nautical Petroleum PLC, NT21SS0001 , Site Survey, BGS Reference Number NT21SS0001
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licence P2379 in February 2021. The block number traversed was 22/11.

2021, NEO Energy (Production) Ltd, Affleck Route Survey, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1297
An oil and gas industry route site survey acquired under licence P255 between September and October 2021. The block numbers traversed were 30/19, 30/14, 30/13.

2021, NEO Energy (Production) Ltd, Leverett Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1316
An oil and gas industry site survey to determine the seabed and geological conditions at potential well location(s) and identify any geological, topographical, shallow gas hazards or environmental conditions which could impair the satisfactory emplacement of a drilling rig at the defined location(s) and the potential future drilling operations. This survey was acquired under licence P2350 in October 2021. The block number traversed was 21/3.

2021, Premier Oil, Catcher North/Laverda and Burgman site surveys, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1269
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in September 2021. The block number traversed was 28/9.

2021, Shell UK Ltd, Pensacola Site Survey , Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1271
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licences P2252, P2258 in September 2021. The block numbers traversed were 41/5a, 41/5b.

2021, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Blake Geophysical Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1281
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, debris clearance, anchoring conditions, semi-sub rig site survey acquired under licence P101 in September 2021. The block numbers traversed were 13/23, 13/24, 13/28, 13/29.

2021, Total E&P UK Ltd, FID Fibre VSP, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1109
An oil and gas industry VSP site survey acquired in February 2021. The block number traversed was 29/2.

2021, Total E&P UK Ltd, Isabella Appraisal Drilling, Drilling Hazard Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1185
An oil and gas industry shallow geophysical drilling hazard site survey acquired under licence P1820 between March and April 2021. The block numbers traversed were 30/11, 30/12.

2021, Total E&P UK Ltd, Ninian to PL1526 Pipeline Route Survey, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1315
An oil and gas industry pipeline route site survey acquired under licence P202 in October 2021. The block number traversed was 3/3.

2021, TotalEnergies E&P UK Ltd, Culzean wells VSP, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1204
An oil and gas industry VSP site survey acquired under licence P111 in June 2021. The block number traversed was 22/25.

2022, Apache, Solar and Corona Development Survey, Beryl Field, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1294
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, drilling hazard, semi-sub rig, environmental, pipeline/cable route, exploration drilling site survey acquired under licences P103, P139, P337, P2335, P2344, P496, P1986 between March and April 2022. The block numbers traversed were 9/18, 9/19.

2022, Apache, Storr 3 Debris Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1362
An oil and gas industry debris clearance, drilling hazard, environmental site survey acquired under licences P103, P1986, P2450, P496, P2344, P2335 in April 2022. The block number traversed was 9/19.

2022, Enquest Heather Ltd, Bressay Field Development, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1463
An oil and gas industry environmental baseline and geophysical site survey acquired under licences P1078, P1077, P277, P920, P493, P234 in October 2022 to re-validate the significant data EnQuest are already holding and identify any changes in the area since the initial data was gathered. The block numbers traversed were 3/28, 3/27, 9/2, 9/3.

2022, Chrysaor Ltd, Bell ZX, Victor JM and Kelvin TM Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1368
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired in April 2022. The block numbers traversed were 49/22, 49/17, 44/18.

2022, Chrysaor Ltd, Callanish Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1399
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired between August and September 2022. The block numbers traversed were 21/4, 15/29.

2022, Chrysaor Ltd, Talbot Debris Clearance Survey - 30/13, Debris Clearance Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1390
An oil and gas industry debris clearance site survey acquired in September 2022. The block number traversed was 30/13.

2022, Chrysaor Resources (Irish Sea) Ltd, EIS Debris Clearance Bathymetry Survey, Debris Clearance Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1375
An oil and gas industry debris clearance bathymetry survey (joint with Spirit Energy campaign) acquired under licences P99, P706 in July 2022. The block numbers traversed were 110/7, 113/26, 110/2.

2022, IOG North Sea Ltd, Goddard Blocks 48/11 and 48/12, Exploration Drilling Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1327
An oil and gas industry exploration drilling site survey acquired under licence P2438 in March 2022. The block numbers traversed were 48/11, 48/12.

2022, IOG North Sea Ltd, Kelham Block 53/1b, Exploration Drilling Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1328
An oil and gas industry exploration drilling site survey acquired under licence P2442 in March 2022. The block number traversed was 53/1.

2022, NEO Energy (Production) Ltd, Greenwell Geophysical Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1391
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, semi-sub rig, debris clearance site survey acquired under licence P2350 in June 2022. The block number traversed was 15/29.

2022, NEO Energy (Production) Ltd, Christian Bligh Geophysical Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1388
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, semi-sub rig, debris clearance site survey acquired under licence P2533 in June 2022. The block number traversed was 21/20.

2022, NEO Energy (Production) Ltd, Leverett Geophysical Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1385
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, semi-sub rig, debris clearance site survey acquired under licence P2350 in June 2022. The block number traversed was 21/3.

2022, ONE-Dyas UK Ltd, UKCS Block 42/15a Crosgan Phase II, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1483
An oil and gas industry exploration drilling site survey acquired under licence P2500 in December 2022. The block number traversed was 42/15a.

2022, Premier Oil, Hunter HK-1 Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1369
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired between 26th and 27th April 2022. The block number traversed was 44/23.

2022, Premier Oil, Tolmount East Site Survey, Debris Clearance Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1373
An oil and gas industry debris clearance site survey acquired in April 2022. The block number traversed was 42/28.

2022, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Montrose Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1425
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, jack-up rig, foundation assessment and semi-sub rig anchoring conditions site survey acquired under licence P19 in October 2022. The block numbers traversed were 22/17, 22/18.

2022, Talisman Sinopec Energy (UK) Ltd, Shaw SHC Site/Debris Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1412
An oil and gas industry drilling hazard, semi-sub rig, debirs clearance site survey acquired under licence P291 between September and October 2022. The block number traversed was 22/22.

2022, Total E&P UK Ltd, Janice DHSS Block 30/17, Drilling Hazard Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1337
An oil and gas industry shallow geophysical drilling hazard site survey acquired under licence P32 in January 2022. The block number traversed was 30/17.

2022, Total E&P UK Ltd, White Caterthun DHSS, Block 22/25, Drilling Hazard Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1438
An oil and gas industry integrated geophysical drilliing hazard site survey acquired under licences P2544, P111 between September and October 2022. The block number traversed was 20/25.

2023, BP Exploration, Bunter Outcrop 3DHR, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1500
An oil and gas industry 3D seismic site survey aquired between March and April 2023. The block numbers traversed were 43/27, 43/28.

2023, Dana Petroleum, Earn Rig Site Survey, Jack-Up Rig, DECC Reference Number GS_1479
An oil and gas industry site survey for a jack-up rig acquired under licence P2563 in January 2023. The block numbers traversed were 42/27, 42/28.

2023, Hartshead Resources Ltd, Somerville and Anning, Platform Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1530
An oil and gas industry platform site survey acquired under licences P1078, P1077, P277, P920, P493, P234, P2607 in April 2023. The block numbers traversed were 49/11, 49/12, 49/16, 49/17.

2023, Premier Oil, Abbey Field (Block 47/3i) - December 2022, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1470
An oil and gas industry site survey acquired under licence P2582 between December 2022 and January 2023. The block numbers traversed were 47/3, 42/28.

2023, Shell UK Ltd, Joelle Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1587
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licence P011 between August and September 2023. The block numbers traversed were 30/6a, 30/6c.

2023, Shell UK Ltd, Kingfisher, Debris Clearance Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1542
An oil and gas industry debris site survey acquired under licence P295 in April 2023. The block numbers traversed were 16/8a, 16/8b.

2023, Shell UK Ltd, Merganser and Scoter Geophysical Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1364
An oil and gas industry semi-sub rig, debris clearance site survey acquired under licences P264, P12 between December 2022 and January 2023. The block numbers traversed were 22/30, 22/25, 23/26.

2023, Shell UK Ltd, Penguins Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1563
An oil and gas industry debris and geohazard site survey acquired under licence P296 in June 2023. The block numbers traversed were 211/8, 211/13a.

2023, Shell UK Ltd, Pierce, Debris Clearance Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1578
An oil and gas industry debris site survey acquired under licences P114, P111 in April 2023. The block numbers traversed were 23/22, 23/27.

2023, Shell UK Ltd, Selene, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1596
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licence 1286822 (UKOP) between August and September 2023. The block number traversed was 48/8b.

2023, Shell UK Ltd, Victory Geotechnical Survey, Seabed Infrastructure Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1573
An oil and gas industry seabed infrastructure site survey (8 cone penetration tests) acquired under licences P2596, P1453 in June 2023. The block numbers traversed were 207/1, 206/4.

2023, Shell UK Ltd, Victory Pipeline Route Survey, Pipeline/Cable Route Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1547
An oil and gas industry pipeline route survey acquired under licence P2596 West of Shetland between April and May 2023. The block number traversed was 207/1.

2023, Shell UK Ltd, Victory Site Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1545
An oil and gas industry rig site survey acquired under licence P2596 West of Shetland between April and June 2023. The block numbers traversed were 207/1, 208/26.

2023, Shell UK Ltd, Victory Umbilical Route Survey, Route Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1546
An oil and gas industry umbilical route survey acquired under licences P2596, P2411, P1453 West of Shetland between April and May 2023. The block numbers traversed were 207/1, 206/5, 206/4.

2023, Three60 Energy Wells UK Ltd, Devil's Hole Horst Marine Survey, Site Survey, DECC Reference Number GS_1527
An oil and gas industry jack-up rig site survey acquired under licence P2321 in April 2023. The block number traversed was 27/5.

21st Century Exploration RoadMap (21CXRM) Palaeozoic Petroleum Systems Analysis Project Products
Reports, images, GIS and gridded products describing the Palaeozoic geology and conventional petroleum systems of parts of the UK offshore. Devonian and Carboniferous rocks are the focus in and around the Mid North Sea High, Central North Sea, the Moray Firth and Orcadian Basin. In the greater Irish Sea area, Carboniferous rocks are described. The peer-reviewed products were produced for the 21CXRM Palaeozoic Project by BGS for DECC/OGA, Oil and Gas UK and oil company sponsors between November 2014 and May 2016, to improve regional digital datasets and knowledge of the underexplored Palaeozoic petroleum systems, and to stimulate exploration. The petroleum systems analysis was based on new interpretations of extensive well, seismic, gravity-magnetic and source rock datasets, integrated with petrophysical studies, basin modelling and UK onshore knowledge. Released data were collated and interpreted, and interpretations of unreleased data were included with agreement of the data owners. Unreleased raw data is excluded, as is the UK Government Seismic data released in 2016. The datasets are applicable for use at scales between 1: 750,000 to 1: 3,000,000.

21st Century Exploration RoadMap (21CXRM) Palaeozoic Petroleum Systems Analysis Project: Irish Sea Products
Reports, images, GIS and gridded products describing the Palaeozoic geology and conventional petroleum systems of parts of the UK offshore from the greater Irish Sea area. Carboniferous rocks were the focus in areas from the Firth of Clyde, Solway Basin, Manx-Peel Basin to the East Irish Sea Basin and surrounding areas (Quadrants 110-126). The peer-reviewed products were produced for the 21CXRM Palaeozoic Project by BGS for DECC/OGA, Oil and Gas UK and oil company sponsors between November 2014 and May 2016, to improve regional digital datasets and knowledge of the underexplored Palaeozoic petroleum systems, and to stimulate exploration. The petroleum systems analysis was based on new interpretations of well, seismic, gravity-magnetic and source rock datasets, integrated with petrophysical studies, basin modelling and UK onshore knowledge. Released data were collated and interpreted, and interpretations of unreleased data were included with agreement of the data owners. Unreleased raw data is excluded. The datasets are applicable for use at scales between 1: 750,000 to 1: 3,000,000.

21st Century Exploration RoadMap (21CXRM) Palaeozoic Petroleum Systems Analysis Project: Mid North Sea High Products
Reports, images, GIS and gridded products describing the Palaeozoic geology and conventional petroleum in and around the Mid North Sea High (Quadrants 25-44). Covering a large area of the Central North Sea from the Forth Approaches to the northern side of the Southern North Sea, the focus is on Devonian and Carboniferous rocks. The peer-reviewed products were produced for the 21CXRM Palaeozoic Project by BGS for DECC/OGA, Oil and Gas UK and oil company sponsors between November 2014 and May 2016, to improve regional digital datasets and knowledge of the underexplored Palaeozoic petroleum systems, and to stimulate exploration. The petroleum systems analysis was based on new interpretations of extensive well, seismic, gravity-magnetic and source rock datasets, integrated with petrophysical studies, basin modelling and UK onshore knowledge. Released data were collated and interpreted, and interpretations of unreleased data were included with agreement of the data owners. Unreleased raw data is excluded, as is the UK Government Seismic data released in 2016. The datasets are applicable for use at scales between 1:750,000 to 1: 3,000,000.

21st Century Exploration RoadMap (21CXRM) Palaeozoic Petroleum Systems Analysis Project: Orcadian Basin to Forth Approaches Products
Reports, images, GIS and gridded products describing the Palaeozoic geology and conventional petroleum systems of parts of the UK offshore from the Orcadian Basin, Moray Firth to northern Forth Approaches (Quadrants 6-21). Devonian and Carboniferous rocks are the focus. The peer-reviewed products were produced for the 21CXRM Palaeozoic Project by BGS for DECC/OGA, Oil and Gas UK and oil company sponsors between November 2014 and May 2016, to improve regional digital datasets and knowledge of the underexplored Palaeozoic petroleum systems, and to stimulate exploration. The petroleum systems analysis was based on new interpretations of extensive well, seismic, gravity-magnetic and source rock datasets, integrated with petrophysical studies, basin modelling and UK onshore knowledge. Released data were collated and interpreted, and interpretations of unreleased data were included with agreement of the data owners. Unreleased raw data is excluded, as is the UK Government Seismic data released in 2016. The datasets are applicable for use at scales between 1:750,000 to 1: 3,000,000

21st Century Exploration RoadMap (21CXRM) Palaeozoic Petroleum Systems Analysis Project: Overview Regional Structural, Palaeogeography and Poster Products
GIS versions of a regional structural summary and palaeogeographic reconstructions describing the Palaeozoic geology of parts of the UK offshore and onshore, plus a set of summary posters and a summary presentation capturing the conventional petroleum systems. Devonian and Carboniferous rocks are the focus in and around the Mid North Sea High, Central North Sea, the Moray Firth and Orcadian Basin. In the greater Irish Sea area, Carboniferous rocks are described. The peer-reviewed products were produced for the 21CXRM Palaeozoic Project by BGS for DECC/OGA, Oil and Gas UK and oil company sponsors between November 2014 and May 2016, to improve regional digital datasets and knowledge of the underexplored Palaeozoic petroleum systems, and to stimulate exploration. The petroleum systems analysis was based on new interpretations of extensive well, seismic, gravity-magnetic and source rock datasets, integrated with petrophysical studies, basin modelling and UK onshore knowledge. Released data were collated and interpreted, and interpretations of unreleased data were included with agreement of the data owners. Unreleased raw data is excluded, as is the UK Government Seismic data released in 2016. The GIS layers were digitised from figures prepared for project reports and are applicable for use at scales between 1:1,000,000 and 1:3,000,000.

3D flow model and seismic model of the Sleipner CO2 plume (NERC grant NE/N016084/1)
This dataset comprises ECLIPSE input decks for a 3D reservoir simulation of the CO2 plume at the Sleipner CO2 injection site. This whole reservoir model is an attempt to history match the growth of the plume observed on seismic data. A seismic velocity and density model derived from the 3D reservoir simulation is also included, together with a series of Seismic Unix scripts to create a synthetic seismic section through the Sleipner reservoir model, for comparison with released time-lapse seismic data.

3D Geological Models Database
The EGDI3d database is a storage for geologic 3D models. Geometries from a variety of modelling tools are imported and stored in a common format, together with model metadata and geological descriptions in a GeoSciML inspired relational database.

3D GIA model output (King et al. 2016) (NERC grant NE/K009958/1)
Numerical model predictions of present-day horizontal deformation due to ongoing glacial isostatic adjustment processes at GPS sites across Antarctica. Model accounts for 3D spatial variations in Earth rheology using a finite element approach.

3D GIA model output (van der Wal et al. 2015) (NERC grant NE/K009958/1)
Numerical model predictions of present-day solid Earth deformation and gravity field change due to ongoing glacial isostatic adjustment processes. Model accounts for 3D spatial variations in Earth rheology using a finite element approach.

3D laser surface scan of ammonite, Metrolytoceras metretum. BGS GSM 37292
3D laser surface scan of a fossil held within the BGS Type and Stratigraphical Reference Collection. Sample number: BGS GSM 37292 Species: Metrolytoceras metretum (Ammonite) Age: Inferior Oolite Group, Jurassic Location: near Sherborne, Dorset

3D models and orthophotos of the exposures, of the Stromboli 1930 pyroclastic density current, visited on 28/7/2021 (NERC Grant NE/T009438/1)
3D reconstructions and orthophotos of exposures of the 1930 pyroclastic density current on Stromboli. Location 1 is located at UTM W84-33 S_0518638 4295048 and location 2 at UTM W84-33 S_0518956 4294953. The photographs for the models where taken on 28/7/2021 and were converted to the models and orthophotos using structure for motion photogrammetry and the AGISOFT software. The data was collected to aid grain size analysis, by providing a volume change in the outcrop before and after the collection of a physical sample of the material. The data collection was carried by Dr Irene Manzella, Dr Paul Cole and Symeon Makris.

3D models of Ediacaran organisms (NERC Grant NE/V010859/2)
3D models of Ediacaran organisms generated using NURBS modelling for use in computer simulations of fluid flow. Models built between 2021 and 2023 using the computer-aided design program Rhinoceros 3D. File names refer to different fossil taxa and surfaces. STP files can be opened with most CAD software, including freely available programs such as Autodesk Fusion 360 and FreeCAD.

3D palaeontological and petrological specimen scan data
The BGS 3D scans store holds digital 3-dimensional scans of BGS palaeontological and petrological specimens. The data include 3-dimensional meshes and 2-dimensional images exported by the scanning hardware and software. Data are stored in software-independent 3D modelling formats such as .OBJ and .PLY. These scans are useful for research purposes, for example allowing members of the broader geoscience community to interactively view a particular specimen, and for publicising BGS specimen holdings.

3D structured light surface scan of ammonite, Lytoceras jurense. BGS GSM 26215
3D structured light surface scan of a fossil held within the BGS Type and Stratigraphical Reference Collection Sample number: BGS GSM 26215 Species: Lytoceras jurense (Ammonite) Age: Inferior Oolite Group, Jurassic Location: Quarry Hill, Chideock, Dorset

3D viscosity model inferred from GLAD-M25
A model of mantle viscosity inferred from the seismic model GLAD-M25 using a method described within Lloyd et al. (2024). Model stored in NETCDF4 format with the following dimensions: depth(201), latitude(631), longitude(721). Latitude and longitude spacings are equal, while those for depth are variable, being adapted to the background earth model. Andrew J Lloyd, Ophelia Crawford, David Al-Attar, Jacqueline Austermann, Mark J Hoggard, Fred D Richards, Frank Syvret, GIA imaging of 3-D mantle viscosity based on palaeo sea level observations – Part I: Sensitivity kernels for an Earth with laterally varying viscosity, Geophysical Journal International, Volume 236, Issue 2, February 2024, Pages 1139–1171, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggad455

3D X-ray tomography scans of analogues for magmatic mushes with different particle geometries (NERC Grant NE/M018687/2)
Each of this set of 3D X-ray tomography datasets show a particle “bead pack” developed as a magmatic mush analogues but of use to anyone investigating non-spherical systems. The stack of tiff images in each 3D dataset show either cuboid, rod and disc/plate like particles as well as irregular shapes and mixtures of these. The data were used to measure packing geometries, contact areas, and pore volumes, surface areas and connectivity, and perform permeability simulation used to develop advanced porosity-permeability relationships for any bead packing geometry. The data were collected on a Nikon XCT scanner with the exact imaging condition for each scan presented in the txt settings file in each folder (including x-ray energy, flux and resolution information). The data may be of use to those developing advanced finite element, discrete element or flow models in complex packed beds.

3DGEO-EU pilot areas
Modelling areas of the different 3DGEO-EU workpackages.

40Ar-39Ar ages of ice-rafted sand-sized hornblende and mica deposited in Iceberg Alley (NERC Grant NE/T006609/1)
40Ar/39Ar ages of 37 mica and 21 hornblende from the sand-sized fraction of an iceberg-rafted debris-rich layer deposited in the Scotia Sea at IODP Site U1538 ~1.2 million years ago during the early Pleistocene.

4D gravity - volcanic activity
Digital records of the gravity field changes in Greece (Nisyros, Thira) observed from repeated annual measuring campaigns in gravity network.

50k sheet data files
An important paper archive of a wide variety of miscellaneous geological information organised on the basis of its location within 1:50 000 scale geological map sheet areas in Great Britain. The majority of the data has been produced or collected by BGS staff since 1835 as part of the mapping programme. The data may not fit into any of the main collections, but is valuable for future projects and answering enquiries.

A - Aquifer media (DRASTIC)
A layer represents aquifer media with direct of assignment of A index values for each aquifer delimitated (geological map of Atalanti 1:50.000 HSGME).

A - Aquifer media (DRASTIC)
A layer represents aquifer media with direct of assignment of A index values for each aquifer delimitated.Higher values of “A” factor correspond to alluvial quaternary aquifers and Miocene sedimentary formations (sands and gravels). Smaller values represent areas with metamorphic and igneous rocks.

A - Aquifer Media (DRASTIC)
The aquifer media layer is created by direct assignment of aquifers to A index values from 1-10. The metamorphic and igneous rocks were given the lowest ‘A’-value of 3 and the karstified limestone is given the highest value of 10. The majority of the catchment can be grouped into bedded sedimentary rocks and given a value of 6.

A - Aquifer Media (DRASTIC)
The aquifer media layer is created by direct assignment of aquifers to A index values from 1-10. The majority of the catchment is underlain by karst and the karstified limestone is given the highest value of 10. The remainder of the catchment is considered bedded sedimentary rocks and given a value of 6.

A century of groundwater accumulation in Pakistan and northwest India - dataset (NERC Grant NE/R000069/1)
The groundwater systems of northwest India and central Pakistan are amongst the most heavily exploited in the world. Groundwater has been monitored in the region for more than a century resulting in a unique long-term record of groundwater level change. The BGS has compiled groundwater level data from northwest India (Haryana and Punjab) and Pakistan (Punjab) between 1884 and 2020. The dataset, presented here, was compiled from various sources between 2018 and 2020. The excel file consists of two tabs both containing groundwater level data (in metres below ground level) and location information. In the first tab (Full_dataset), which contains the full dataset, there are 68783 rows of observed groundwater level data from 4028 individual sites. In the second tab (LTS) there are 7547 rows of groundwater level observations from 130 individual sites, which have water level data available for a period of more than 40 years and from which at least two thirds of the annual observations are available.

A comprehensive suite of earthquake catalogues for the 2016-2017 Central Italy seismic sequence
A set of six large catalogues documenting the seismic sequence that occurred in central Italy between 2016 and 2017, characterized by a cascade of four MW5.5–6.5 events. The earthquake catalogues possess different levels of resolution and completeness that result from progressive enhancements in both detection sensitivity and hypocentral location determination. These quality differences reflect the subsequent application of advanced methods.

A generalized 3D depth model of the Entenschnabel region
The 3D depth model of the Entenschnabel region has been built during July 2018 to March 2019, as part of WP3 of the 3DGEO-EU project. It is a preliminary, generalized model that has been used as input for burial studies within the GARAH-project. The study area covers the Entenschnabel in the northwestern part of the German North Sea sector and the adjacent areas in Denmark and the Netherlands. The model is based on 8 seismically interpreted horizons.

A global Ediacaran-Cambrian Age Model of 130 geological successions, with radiometric ages (zircon U-Pb CA-ID-TIMS), carbon (δ13Ccarb) and strontium (87Sr/86Sr) isotope data (NERC Grant NE/T008458/1)
We present new age models for the Ediacaran-Cambrian which lacks a robust global temporal framework. This interval marks the radiation of animals, but there are major uncertainties in the evolutionary dynamics of this critical radiation and its relationship to changes in palaeoenvironmental changes. Here we present global data from 130 successions that enable us to create four new possible global age models (A to D) for the interval 551–517 million years ago (Ma). These models comprise composite carbonate carbon isotope (δ13Ccarb) curves, which are anchored to radiometric ages and consistent with strontium isotope chemostratigraphy, and are used to calibrate metazoan distribution in space and time. These models differ most prominently in the temporal position of the basal Cambrian negative δ13Ccarb excursion (BACE). Two age models (A and B) place the BACE within the Ediacaran, and yield an age of ~538.8 Ma for the Ediacaran-Cambrian boundary; however models C and D appear to be the most parsimonious and may support a recalibration of the boundary age by up to 3 Myr younger. All age models reveal a previously underappreciated degree of variability in the terminal Ediacaran, incorporating notable positive and negative excursions that precede the BACE. Nothwithstanding remaining uncertainties in chemostratigraphic correlation, all models support a pre-BACE first appearance of Cambrian-type shelly fossils in Siberia and possibly South China, and show that the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition was a protracted interval represented by a series of successive radiations. Data were compiled by Fred Bowyer, with support from Andrey Yu. Zhuravlev, Rachel Wood, Maoyan Zhu, Graham Shields, Ying Zhou, Chuang Yang, Simon Poulton, Dan Condon, Andrew Curtis.

A large and mostly volcanic carbon source drove the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (NERC grant NE/H017356/1)
Global warming during the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, ~56 Ma) is commonly interpreted as being driven by massive destabilization of carbon from surficial sedimentary reservoirs. If correct, this has important implications for the amplification of future fossil fuel emissions via carbon-climate feedbacks. In our study we provided new paired records of boron and carbon isotope changes in the ocean that questions this long-held interpretation. Our data are implemented in an Earth system model to reconstruct the unfolding carbon cycle dynamics across the event. Strong evidence for a larger (>10,000 PgC) and on average isotopically heavier (> -17‰) carbon source leads us to identify volcanism associated with the North Atlantic Igneous Province as the main driver of the PETM. We also find that although organic carbon feedbacks with climate played a more minor role in driving the event than previously thought, organic matter burial was important in ultimately sequestering this carbon and driving the recovery of the system. Data presented in this data set comprise geochemical elemental, as well as boron, carbon and oxygen isotopic data from surface dwelling foraminifera Morozovella Subbotina. Alongside the boron isotopic data we also provide reconstructed surface water pH with corresponding uncertainties for our preferred pH reconstruction.

A multicellular organism with embedded cell clusters from the Ediacaran Weng'an biota (Doushantuo Formation, South China) (NERC grant NE/J018325/1)
Table S1.xlsx is Table S1, which contains 2D measurements of cell clusters used in Fig. 5 (this is also available from the publisher's website). The folders SMNH X 4447, SMNH X 5331 and SMNH X 5357 contain data from X-ray tomographic analyses of fossils figured in the paper: For SMNH X 5331 (the conical fossil that is the focus of the paper) there are two zip archives: 1. Slice data and Avizo files, containing: - Slice data: the raw scan data (.tif image stack) - Label files for cell clusters and individual cells: Avizo projects (.hx) containing the labels and the files required to open the project file. The cluster labels are based on a downsampled version of the data which is included here as slice data (.tif image stack). Voxel sizes for this file are 0.325 x 1.3 x 0.325 micrometers. 2. Working files, containing: - Surface models: .ply files for clusters and individual cells. - Segmented stacks: the label files as .tif stacks (voxel sizes as per slice data: 0.325 x 0.325 x 0.325 micrometres (cell labels); 0.325 x 1.3 x 0.325 micrometers (cluster labels)). SMNH X 4447 and SMNH X 5357 (two specimens figured for comparison) there is: - Slice data: zip archives of the raw scan data (.tif image stack). The individual slices (.tif images) can be viewed with standard graphics software, and the datasets can be studied in 3D using tomographic reconstruction software such as Avizo (www.vsg3d.com/), Spiers (www.spiers-software.org/), VG Studio Max (www.volumegraphics.com) etc. The Avizo project and label files (.hx and .am files) require Avizo software (www.vsg3d.com/) to be opened. The 3D models (.ply files) are widely compatible with 3D freeware packages such as MeshLab ( http://meshlab.sourceforge.net/) or Blender ( https://www.blender.org/), or with proprietary software, e.g. Avizo (www.vsg3d.com/), Geomagic ( http://www.geomagic.com/en/), Mimics ( http://biomedical.materialise.com/mimics). The files relate to the following publication: Cunningham, J. A., Vargas, K., Marone, F., Bengtson, S. & Donoghue, P. C. J. 2016. A multicellular organism with embedded cell clusters from the Ediacaran Weng'an biota (Doushantuo Formation, South China). Evolution & Development

A multiparameter geophysical experiment at Santiaguito volcano, Guatemala, following a marked increase in explosive activity (NERC grant NE/P007708/1)
Continuous seismic waveforms from a network deployed at Santiaguito volcano between 2014 and 2015. Data are collected on broadband and short-period seismometers to record all volcanic activity for the period. Recorded data includes explosions, rockfalls and regional earthquakes.

factor A of DRASTIC groundwater vulnerability of Traun-Enns-Platte/AUSTRIA

Aquifer media, for Sarmatian aquifer in Dobrogea de Sud, Romania

Aa Indices.
The aa index is a simple global geomagnetic activity index, with units of 1 nT (nanotesla), which is produced from the K indices from two approximately antipodal observatories. At present these are Hartland observatory in the UK and Canberra observatory in Australia. The main advantage in using aa indices for research purposes is that the time series spans further back (to 1868) than any of the other planetary indices time series.Also, up to date values are produced and made available weekly, giving nearer to real time availability than any other planetary index. In between the weekly updates, BGS calculates estimated aa indices, providing real time "nowcasts" which are updated on an hourly basis. These estimates are clearly marked with the letters "Est". Although calculated by the same method, the aa indices available on this service are not the definitive values. These are published by the International Service for Geomagnetic Indices, CRPE/CNET - CNRS, 4 Avenue de Neptune, F-94107 Saint Maur, Cedex, France.

Ab initio calculations and high P-T experiments on iron, iron alloys and other materials (NERC Grant NE/M015181/1)
This collection includes the elastic calculations of the hcp-Fe-Si-S-C alloy system. NERC grant NE/M015181/1 - Pre melting in iron and iron alloys: ab initio calculations and high P-T experiments on iron, iron alloys and other materials

Ab initio Molecular Dynamics Trajectories for Hydrous Silicate Melts (NERC Grant NE/P002951/1)
Ab initio trajectories for the equilibrated MgO-SiO2-H2O melts at T = 1800 K and 3000 K are provided as "XDATCAR" files output directly from VASP for each simulation interval. Corresponding stress tensor components, required for calculation of viscosity via the autocorrelation function, together with the energy, temperature, and pressure are also provided for each iteration of the equilibrated trajectories. A full data inventory is provided in the READ_ME.txt file.

Abandoned mine lands
WMS Service displays key information on areas where underground mining or mineral exploration was undertaken in the past. It provides warnings about areas where subsidence or other hazards may occur due to the presence of underground spaces.

Abandoned mine lands
This database contains key information on areas in the Czech Republic, where underground mining or mineral exploration were undertaken in the past. It provides warnings about areas where subsidence or other hazards may occur due to the presence of underground spaces.

Abandoned mine lands
Open dataset contains key information on areas in the Czech Republic, where underground mining or mineral exploration were undertaken in the past. The mine workings are irregularly distributed within the vector representation and at different depths. Polygons can also contain completely unmined sections. The possible damage to the terrain by mining activities is usually smaller than the extent of the vector representation.

Accessions to the National Geological Records Centre
New acquisitions of all forms of geological data received from external organisations are recorded in the accessions database and the digital or analogue data itself is then available to users. Data is in the form of reports, plans and digital information. This information comes from a wide variety of sources, including public bodies and agencies and commercial organisations. The data itself will be incorporated into existing corporate collections or may form a new collection in its own right. The rate of transfer will depend on priorities and requirements of both internal and external users. Data is continuously removed from the collection, all except recently received material will have been processed.

Accretion of the lower oceanic crust: Reconciling evidence of hydrothermal fluid fluxes with mineral cooling rates from ODP Hole 1256D, IODP Exp335 (NERC grant NE/L000059/1)
Data produced from NERC Grant NE/L000059/1 - IODP Exp 335 report which is open access and includes all the observations and other data generated on the Expedition. http://publications.iodp.org/proceedings/335/335toc.htm

Acidity of stream water
THIS DATASET HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN **This dataset was created for the "Britain beneath our feet" atlas using information extracted from the Geochemical Baseline Survey Of The Environment (G-BASE) For The UK . For acidity of stream water data please see Geochemical Baseline Survey Of The Environment (G-BASE) For The UK ** Geochemical Baseline Survey Of The Environment (G-BASE) coverage for acidity of stream water. The G-BASE programme involves systematic sampling and the determination of chemical elements in samples of stream sediment, stream water and, locally, soil, to build up a picture of the surface chemistry of the UK. The average sample density for stream sediments and water is about one site per 1.5-2km square. Analytical precision is high with strict quality control to ensure countrywide consistency. Results have been standardised to ensure seamless joins between geochemical sampling campaigns. The data provide baseline information on the natural abundances of elements, against which anomalous values due to such factors as mineralisation and industrial contamination may be compared.

Actual Evapotranspiration [mm/year]
Long term average (LTA) actual evapotranspiration (AET) for the European domain at 1 km spatial resolution for the period 1981-2010. The AET estimate is based on merging Budyko estimates and satellite estimates. The LTA AET data set i part of a series of gridded datasets established in the TACTIC project for estimating Potential Groundwater Recharge (GWRpot). The data available are AET, Effective precipitation (Peff=Precipitation-AET), Groundwater Recharge coefficient (Rcoef defined as the ratio: Peff / GWRpot ) The Potential Groundwater Recharge GWRpot = (Precipitation-AET)*Rcoef Urban areas are masked out and not represented in the gridded dataset. All units are mm/year for the period 1981-2010.

Additional Information (AI): Scotland And Northern England.
Collections of miscellaneous items mainly of semi-current value, including some field observations supplementary to 1:10560/1:10K mapping, arranged on 1:10K or One-Inch sheet basis. Set up in 1950's filing miscellaneous records for Scotland and Northern England. Records of archival value for permanent retention being transferred to Land Survey Archives (LSA). Indexed in the Land Survey Record Index (LSRI).

Additional sample list for the SoS RARE project (Security of Supply of Rare Earths) (NERC Grant NE/M01147X/1)
This dataset is an additional sample list, as an Excel spreadsheet, providing details of the major sample suites collected by Delia Cangelosi during SoS RARE and not added to the master spreadsheet ( It includes location details and descriptions for rock samples collected in China and Namibia. Most material is still held by the institutions that did the work, as recorded in the sample list.

Aeromagnetic Survey Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland
Digitised version of aeromagnetic survey records of Great Britain comprising a record for each digitised point, supported by survey and 'ends and bends' based line indexes. Original records include flight line records, worksheets, contour sheets and air photos provided by contractors at completion of each survey. Worksheets digitised by BGS during 1980's Smith and Royles 1989.

Affects of leakage on ground stability
This national digital GIS product produced by the British Geological Survey indicates the potential for leakage to have a negative effect on ground stability. It is largely derived from the digital geological map and expert knowledge. The GIS dataset contains seven fields. The first field is a summary map that gives an overview of where leakage may affect ground stability. The other six fields indicate the properties of the ground with respect to the extent to which hazards associated with soluble rocks, landslides, compressible ground, collapsible ground, swelling clays and running sands will be increased due to leakage. The data is useful to asset managers in water companies, local authorities and utility companies who would like to understand where. and to what extent, leaking underground pipes or other structures may initate or worsen ground stability.

African Legacy Geoscience Data for Geothermal Exploration - East Africa, Djibouti, Ethiopia and Kenya (NERC Grant NE/X006255/1)
Digitized GIS geological and geochemical datasets taken from maps and reports as part of BGS Overseas Development Research in 1980-90s.

Age-depth models for Pb-210 datasets (NERC Grant NE/V008269/1)
Age-depth models for Pb-210 datasets. The St Croix Watershed Research Station, of the Science Museum of Minnesota, kindly made available 210Pb datasets that have been measured in their lab over the past decades. The datasets come mostly from North American lakes. These datasets were used to produce both chronologies using the 'classical' CRS (Constant Rate of Supply) approach and also using a recently developed Bayesian alternative called 'Plum'. Both approaches were used in order to compare the two approaches. The 210Pb data will also be deposited in the neotomadb.org database. The dataset consists of 3 files; 1. Rcode_Pb210.R R code to process the data files, produce age-depth models and compare them. 2. StCroix_agemodel_output.zip Output of age-model runs of the St Croix datasets 3. StCroix_xlxs_files.zip Excel files of the St Croix Pb-210 datasets

Age model tie points and micropalaeontological data for International Ocean Discovery Program Hole U1488A, southern part of the Eauripik Rise, Pacific Ocean
Age model tie points and micropalaeontological data for International Ocean Discovery Program Hole U1488A. Relative abundances of Neogloboquadrina acostaensis and six morphospecies of Pulleniatina (planktonic foraminifera) from the hole. Coiling ratios (% dextral) specimens for lineages of Pulleniatina with 95% confidence intervals. Supplementary data table to Pearson, Young, King and Wade (submitted), Biochronology and evolution of Pulleniatina. Table includes data relating to the Pulleniatina lineage from International Ocean Discovery Program Hole U1488A.

Aggregates
The aggregate deposits presented here comprise near-shore deposits of non-metallic detrital minerals and calcium carbonate. They occur both on beaches and deeper seabed areas. Marine aggregate deposits are principally extracted for use in the construction industry. Concentrated into their present occurrences by hydrodynamic processes, aggregates may have originally been deposited by mechanisms such as river or glacial deposition.

Aggregates (points)
The aggregate deposits presented here comprise near-shore deposits of non-metallic detrital minerals and calcium carbonate. They occur both on beaches and deeper seabed areas. Marine aggregate deposits are principally extracted for use in the construction industry. Concentrated into their present occurrences by hydrodynamic processes, aggregates may have originally been deposited by mechanisms such as river or glacial deposition.

Aggregates Sub Deposit Type Areas
The aggregate deposits presented here comprise near-shore deposits of non-metallic detrital minerals and calcium carbonate. They occur both on beaches and deeper seabed areas. Marine aggregate deposits are principally extracted for use in the construction industry. Concentrated into their present occurrences by hydrodynamic processes, aggregates may have originally been deposited by mechanisms such as river or glacial deposition. The Marine Aggregates Sub Deposit Type Areas are the same as the main Marine Aggregate point and area layers but are based on the “Sub Deposit type” – of which there are 5 classes – Sand, Gravel, Pebbles/cobbles, Filling sand and Unclassified.

Aggregates Sub Deposit Type Areas (Point)
The aggregate deposits presented here comprise near-shore deposits of non-metallic detrital minerals and calcium carbonate. They occur both on beaches and deeper seabed areas. Marine aggregate deposits are principally extracted for use in the construction industry. Concentrated into their present occurrences by hydrodynamic processes, aggregates may have originally been deposited by mechanisms such as river or glacial deposition. The Sub Deposit Types Aggregates layer are the same as the main Marine Aggregate point and area layers but are based on the “Sub Deposit type” – of which there are 5 classes – Sand, Gravel, Pebbles/cobbles, Filling sand and Unclassified.

Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute (AFBI) MCZ: South Rigg: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Video survey SRIG_afbi: Irish Sea (09/02/2012 to 21/02/2012)
These data Multibeam (bathymetry and backscatter), grab sampling (PSA), are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute (AFBI) Multibeam and Sampling Survey 2006/3_AFBI_MESH CO 24/06 : Northern Ireland to Scotland (13/Jun/2006 to 23/Jun/2006)
This marine multibeam and sampling survey took place in June 2006 in the area off Northen Ireland to Scoland on board the RV Corystes. The survey was carried out by the Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute (AFBI) and was a contribution to the Mapping European Seabed Habitats (MESH) project (this MESH project was an EU INTERREG Project). The aim of the survey was 1) Conduct Multi-Beam Survey of N Channel Peaks; 2) Undertake Targeted Ground Truthing of; N Maidens Peak, Lacuna Bank, Shamrock Pinnacle and Stanton Banks. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a multibeam system. Seabed samples were collected using a Hammon Grab Sampler and seabed images were recorded using a Drop Video Camera. British Geological Survey (BGS) participated in the survey. The sample data are archived by BGS. For Multibeam data contact AFBI. Details of the survey are contained in the AFBI Report of Survey, available on BODC website

AGS data: Site investigation data received by BGS from 3rd party organisations in AGS file format.
Site investigation and geotechnical data received by BGS from 3rd party organisations in AGS file format. When received by BGS the data is validated against predefined rules, processed and stored in the BGS AGS agnostic store. This data is delivered as received e.g. no interpretative values or observations are added to the data by the BGS. For more details about the Association of Geotechnical & Geoenvironmental Specialists (AGS) see: https://www.ags.org.uk For more details on depositing AGS data with BGS see: http://www.bgs.ac.uk/data/ags To access AGS data held by BGS:

AGS data: Site investigation data received by GSNI from 3rd party organisations in AGS file format
Site investigation and geotechnical data received by the Geological Survey of Northern Ireland (GSNI) from 3rd party organisations in AGS file format. This data has been collected under the Northern Ireland Pan Government Collaborative Framework Agreement (www.bgs.ac.uk/gsni/ags/). Once received by GSNI, the data is validated against predefined rules, processed and stored in the AGS agnostic database store. This data is then delivered as received e.g. no interpretative values or observations are added to the data by the GSNI. For more details about the Association of Geotechnical & Geoenvironmental Specialists (AGS) see: https://www.ags.org.uk

Airborne geophysical data from HiRES1 project
The HiRES-1 project acquired airborne geophysical data during 1998. Coverage included the Central Midlands of England and into the associated Welsh Borderland. Survey flying for the collaborative BGS and World Geoscience Corporation Ltd (WGC) high resolution geophysical and environmental survey was completed in early September 1998. The data comprise multi-channel gamma ray spectrometer, magnetometer and dual frequency VLF-EM. Flight line spacing was 400 m with tie lines at 1200 m and the total area surveyed is some 14 000 km2. Flight-line orientations are W–E over the western survey area, SW–NE over the eastern area. Ground clearance was maintained at 90 m in rural areas, increasing to about 240 m in built-up zones. The project and data descriptions are provided in an internal BGS report: R J Peart, R J Cuss, D Beamish and D G Jones, 2003. The High Resolution Airborne Resource and Environmental Survey- Phase 1 (HiRES-1): background, data processing and dissemination and future prospects. British Geological Survey Internal Report, IR/03/112. 28pp.

Airborne Geophysics
This database contains data from magnetic surveys, radiometric surveys (total gamma-ray activity) and gamma-ray spectromety surveys (K, U, Th).

Airborne Magnetic Survey Records For United Kingdom And Adjacent Areas.
Analogue aeromagnetic surveys of Great Britain for the Geological Survey (GSGB), subsequently digitised. Commercial Analogue survey of North Sea by Aerosurveys Inc, subsequently digitised by BGS. Commercial digital (+ one analogue) surveys off NW/N/NE of Britain by Huntings Geology and Geophysics and ESL, purchased outright by BGS. Local surveys, digital and analogue aeromagnetic (+ other methods) surveys for BGS and commercial companies. Data acquired over many years by different companies. Surveys vary from High Resolution helicopter covering a few square kms to regional surveys covering 1000s of square kms. Some data recorded analogue, subsequently digitised, other data full digital capture with GPS navigation. Approximately 75% of the bounding rectangle covered. Flight line separation varies between 2km and 0.4km, line spacing typically 2km over UK but 0.4km over Devon/Cornwall. Flight line separation for Aerosurveys/Huntings surveys vary between 6.4 to 15 km. Detailed surveys at various resolutions. Along line spacing varies, analogue data: digitised from 1:63 360 and 1:253 440 scale map sheets and digital surveys: Decca navigation, 305m asl (above sea level). Local helicopter surveys, analogue and digital recordings, various survey heights. HiRES survey, full digital data capture at 0.1 sec intervals, GPS navigation, 90m survey height.

Alkenone and foraminiferal carbon isotope data from Site 999 (NERC grant NE/H006273/1)
Temperature reconstructions indicate that the Pliocene was ~3 degrees C warmer globally than today, and several recent reconstructions of Pliocene atmospheric CO2 indicate that it was above pre-industrial levels and similar to those likely to be seen this century. However, many of these reconstructions have been of relatively low temporal resolution, meaning that these records may have failed to capture variations associated with the 41 Kyr glacial-interglacial cycles thought to operate in the Pliocene. These data represent new, high temporal resolution alkenone carbon isotope based record of pCO2 spanning 0 to 0.2 and 2.6 to 3.3 million years ago from ODP Site 999 (supplementing our other data repository focused on 2.8 to 3.3 million years ago). Our record allows a) direct comparison of alkenone-derived pCO2 from the Pleistocene to that of the Pliocene and b) comparison of the former to the ice core record. The raw data are sea surface temperature estimates from the Uk'37 proxy, foraminiferal and alkenone d13C values, from which carbon isotope fractionation during photosynthesis (ep) can be calculated. Using nutrient concentrations (growth rate correction) and SSTs, these ep values can be converted into [CO2(aq)] which in turn can be used to calculate pCO2.

All BGS Raw Biostratigraphy Collections And Data
A comprehensive collection of British fossil specimens and records compiled over 150 years of palaeontological collecting and research. Also includes all associated paper data, registers, indexes of locality and storage and reports of conclusions. The specimens have variable scattered coverage mostly within the UK and Ireland but there are some overseas data. Some specimens are sited accurately to less than 1 metre, whilst some specimens have accuracies of several kilometres. Includes both locality based biostratigraphic material, plus significant type, figured and cited samples of taxonomic importance. Specimens collected by Survey geologists throughout history of Survey, with some donated specimens (e.g. the Geological Society of London Collection) predating 1835, material is still being added. The collection includes hand specimens, casts & moulds, microfossil slides & cut sections and also registers containing identifications and locality information. The specimens have various uses within biostratigraphy and taxonomy. The data have key attribute data such as locality, stratigraphic age, matrix lithology, taxonomy, etc that could be used for linking in other datasets. Access and use of the data is subject to current policies, inline with MDA's (Museum Documentation Association) Spectrum guidelines and MLA's (Museum Libraries Archives Council) Accreditation guidelines. The collection can be viewed by loan or visit, whilst copies of the associated paper data can be made available as photocopy, scan, spreadsheet, etc., subject to certain constraints and conditions.

All BGS Value Added Biostratigraphy Collections And Data
Interrelated specimens and records compiled over 150 years of palaeontological collecting and research. All associated paper data (registers, indexes of locality and storage, reports of conclusions).

All MicroCT scans conducted at University of Cambridge as part of the Tweed Project (NERC Grant NE/J022713/1)
Micro CT scans and associated documents (3d files, animations, segmentation files, data files etc) of palaeontological material.

Aluminium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Aluminium (Al), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Amatrice Sequence International (in agreement with the Network Name assigned in IRIS) (NERC grant NE/P016626/1)
The data collection consists of 25 3-component broadband seismic station at 100sps (approx. 45mb per station, per day) located in the epicentral area of the 26th August 2016, M=6.0 Amatrice earthquake. The sequence evolved with strong mainshocks for over 6 months reaching a maximum magnitude of M=6.4 that struck Norcia town on October 30th, 2016. In line with SEIS-UK guidelines data was archived with the IRIS data management facility ( https://ds.iris.edu/ds/nodes/dmc/) under the FDSN network code YR and using the network name “Amatrice Sequence International”. The project has the digital identifier https://doi.org/10.7914/SN/YR_2016.

An improved boron isotope pH proxy calibration for the deep-sea coral Desmophyllum dianthus through sub-sampling of fibrous aragonite (NERC grant NE/J021075/1)
Boron isotope and trace metal measurements of fibrous aragonite in modern deep-sea coral Desmophyllum dianthus and associated CDIAC (Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center) hydrographic data. Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Southern Ocean

An index of borehole materials held by BGS from the Bowland Hodder geological unit
The dataset is a subset of the BGS borehole material database, created on August 1st 2015 covering only the Bowland-Hodder geological unit (as defined and mapped by Andrews et al., 2013). It shows all boreholes (name, location and registration details) for which BGS hold borehole material (drillcore, cuttings, samples and their depth ranges). This data will add value to existing NERC (Natural Environment Research Council) data by allowing a simple route for users to identify borehole material from the Bowland-Hodder interval.

Anak Krakatau 2018 volcanic eruption - volcanic ash sample analysis (NERC Grant NE/T002026/1)
The data provides a summary of volcanic ash samples collected from around Anak Krakatau, Indonesia, in August 2019, originating from the December 2018 eruption. The ash was generated in eruptions immediately following the sector collapse of Anak Krakatau. The data provides a summary of sample locations, brief information on the sample context (original notebook entries for the field sites, alongside summary stratigraphic descriptions), componentry information for selected ash samples, laser-diffraction grain-size information for the ash samples, whole rock XRF compositional analysis of selected samples, and EPMA mineral analyses from selected samples.

Anak Krakatau hydroacoustic data - Seismic and multibeam bathymetry (NERC Grant NE/T002034/1)
Single Channel seismic data, Sound source - 8kJ Sparker; Recorder - EG&G 8 element marine hydrophone (streamer), stored in jpeg and SEGY files. Multibeam bathymetric data recorded by Teledyne Reson T20-P Multibeam echosounder (MBES) 200 - 400kHz. Positioning system using Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) Trimble SPS 461 with OmniSTAR signal correction and computer-based navigation/data acquisition system with Qinsy Acquisition software. Hunt, J.E., Tappin, D.R., Watt, S.F.L., Susilohadi, S., Novellino, A., Ebmeier, S.K., Cassidy, M., Engwell, S.L., Grilli, S.T., Hanif, M., Priyanto, W.S., Clare, M.A., Abdurrachman, M., Udrekh, U., 2021. Submarine landslide megablocks show half of Anak Krakatau island failed on December 22nd, 2018. Nature Communications 12, 2827.

Analyses of Gibraltar cave water (NERC Grant NE/D005280/1, NE/G007292/1, NE/M012689/1)
Monthly sampling of cave drip and lake water from St Michaels Cave and Ragged Staff Cave, Gibraltar.

Analyses of volcanic glasses from oceanic islands and mid-ocean ridges (NERC Grant NE/P017045/1)
Analyses of volcanic glasses from a range of oceanic islands (Samoa, Cook-Australs, Iceland) and mid-ocean ridges (Reykjanes Ridge). Each glass sample was analysed for the concentrations of >60 elements, using a combination of electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and secondary ion microprobe (SIMS) analysis. Detailed analytical techniques that were used to produce the data are presented in Wieser et al. (2020) and Reekie et al. (2019).

Analysis of in situ stress and fault reactivation - The Captain Sandstone storage aquifer - presentation presented at the '8th Trondheim Conference on CO2 Capture, Transport and Storage', Trondheim, Norway
The data consists of a presentation presented at the '8th Trondheim Conference on CO2 Capture, Transport and Storage', Trondheim, Norway, 16-18th June 2015. The presentation describes work carried-out on behalf of the 'Fault seal controls on CO2 storage capacity in aquifers' project funded by the UKCCS Research Centre, grant number UKCCSRC-C1-14. The Captain Sandstone saline aquifer has a potential to store large volumes of CO2 as part of greenhouse gas mitigation strategies, however it is known to be affected by regional faults, some of which extend to the seabed. An in situ stress analysis is performed in order to deduce the stresses affecting these faults and to assess their geomechanical stability.

Analysis of in situ stress and fault reactivation potential for a major candidate storage aquifer - extended abstract for the '8th Trondheim Conference on CO2 Capture, Transport and Storage', Trondheim, Norway
The data consists of an extended abstract submitted to the '8th Trondheim Conference on CO2 Capture, Transport and Storage', Trondheim, Norway, 16-18th June 2015. The abstract describes work carried-out on behalf of the 'Fault seal controls on CO2 storage capacity in aquifers' project funded by the UKCCS Research Centre, grant number UKCCSRC-C1-14. The Captain Sandstone saline aquifer has a potential to store large volumes of CO2 as part of greenhouse gas mitigation strategies, however it is known to be affected by regional faults, some of which extend to the seabed. An in situ stress analysis is performed in order to deduce the stresses affecting these faults and to assess their geomechanical stability.

Analytical Geochemistry Laboratory Records
This dataset of paper records holds details of analysis of all the sample batches (from both internal and external customers) analysed by the Analytical Geochemistry Laboratory of the BGS since June 1996. It was installed to underpin the UKAS (United Kingdom Accreditation Service) accreditation of the geochemistry laboratories at Keyworth, which was awarded in August 1999. There is a file for each batch of samples submitted for analysis. The file documents the progress of the samples through the laboratories, including sample registration, sample processing, raw data from analytical instruments and the data reported to the client. The records are archived to provide supporting evidence for any query regarding geochemical data provided by the laboratories.

Ancona PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Ancona, Italy. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

This is PSI data for Ancona, Italy. It has been provided by TRE
as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Anisotropic attenuation in CHIMNEY data collected during the JC152 cruise, North Sea 2017 (NERC Grant NE/N015762/1)
This is a generic powerpoint showing results from azimuthal Q analysis of seismic data collected during the JC152 cruise (Bull et al., 2018). The presentation gives an introduction to the CHIMNEY project and study area. Data from 2 sources (GI guns and Surface sparker) are analysed, giving rise to measurements of attenuation as a function of two-wave time, azimuth and frequency at two locations. The data are inverted using a rock physics model, and probability distributions for matrix permeability and fracture size at the two sites are developed. Reference: Bull, J. M. (2018). Cruise Report – RRS James Cook JC152: CHIMNEY - Characterisation of Major Overburden Pathways above Sub-seafloor CO2 Storage Reservoirs in the North Sea Scanner and Challenger Pockmark Complexes,University of Southampton, 55 pp. Available at: https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/420257/ NERC Grant - Characterization of major overburden leakage pathways above sub-seafloor CO2 storage reservoirs in the North Sea (CHIMNEY)

Annotated Scottish 1 inch scale maps with fossil locations and geology
Annotated Scottish 1 inch scale maps. Printed topography with hand annotated fossil locations and geology with hand drawn cross sections, colour-wash with index and observations. Considered working material towards published geological maps.

Antimony isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Antimony (Sb), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Apatite as a quantitative tool for tephrochronology and magmatic evolution (NERC grant NE/K003852/1)
Documentation of experiments run to investigate partitioning of H-C-F-Cl (Hydrogen, Carbon, fluorine, Chlorine) in the system apatite-melt. Data include representative images of each experiment, together with a description of run conditions as documented in an accompanying manuscript by Riker et al. (submitted).

Apatite fission track data from UKGEOS Glasgow borehole GGC01
Apatite Fission Track (AFT) single grain count and horizontal confined track length data acquired from 6 sandstones samples from UKGEOS Glasgow borehole GGC01 drilled in the Dalmarnock area of Glasgow. The sandstones were retrieved from depths of 65, 98, 135, 150, 168 and 198 metres and were Westphalian in age coming from the Middle and Lower Scottish coal measures. Each sample has its BGS Subsample SSK number and an ascribed name in reference to its depth of collection with the added initials of the researcher i.e., 65 AH. The data is presented in 2 files one containing the AFT count data and the other containing the AFT length measurements. The AFT count data of each sample is found in excel file containing the spontaneous and induced track counts of a grain and accessory data of that grain e.g., the calculated age (calculated using the program Isoplotr) and calculated uranium concentration. The AFT length data of each sample comes in a separate excel file with the measured lengths and c-axis corrected lengths of HCTs of a sample, all Dpar measurements are also listed here. Samples and data are derived from the UK Geoenergy Observatories Programme funded by the UKRI Natural Environment Research Council and delivered by the British Geological Survey.

Aquifer-thickness data, northwestern India (NERC grant NE/I022434/1)
Thicknesses of aquifer units in the subsurface of the Indo-Gangetic foreland basin, northwestern India. Data are organised by borehole and indicate the thickness of aquifer units, separated by non-aquifer material.

Aquifer Designation Dataset for England and Wales
Joint BGS/Environment Agency dataset of aquifer designations for England and Wales at 1:50 000. The dataset identifies different types of aquifer - underground layers of water-bearing permeable rock or drift deposits from which groundwater can be extracted. These designations reflect the importance of aquifers in terms of groundwater as a resource (drinking water supply) but also their role in supporting surface water flows and wetland ecosystems. The maps are split into two different type of aquifer designation: superficial - permeable unconsolidated (loose) deposits (for example, sands and gravels), and bedrock - solid permeable formations e.g. sandstone, chalk and limestone.

Aquifer Designation Dataset for Wales
Joint BGS/Natural Resources Wales (NRW) dataset of aquifer designations for Wales at 1:50 000. The dataset identifies different types of aquifer - underground layers of water-bearing permeable rock or drift deposits from which groundwater can be extracted. These designations reflect the importance of aquifers in terms of groundwater as a resource (drinking water supply) but also their role in supporting surface water flows and wetland ecosystems. The maps are split into two different type of aquifer designation: superficial - permeable unconsolidated (loose) deposits (for example, sands and gravels), and bedrock - solid permeable formations e.g. sandstone, chalk and limestone.

Aquifer group France
Grouping of major aquifers in France with different lithologies

Aquifer media (A)
DRASTIC parameter A

Aquifer Properties, Database Of Physical Properties Of Aquifers In England And Wales.
Data on the physical properties (transmissivity, storage coefficient, porosity and permeability) of aquifers in England and Wales. Compiled by BGS staff from paper records of field and laboratory testing held by BGS, the Environment Agency and other organisations. Contains summary data on approximately 20,000 pump tests at over 2000 discrete locations. Raw data may be available on request. The majority of BGS and EA pump test data is included for both major and minor aquifers, but in minor aquifers this is complemented by data on specific yield. Laboratory determinations of porosity and permeability are limited to open file BGS data only. All data subject to similar processing and interpretation, but raw data highly variable.

Aquifer Vulnerability Maps England and Wales
Digitised versions of a set of 1:100,000 scale maps of aquifer vulnerability for England and Wales. The dataset identifies the vulnerability to pollution of major and minor aquifers as defined by the Environment Agency, utilising a combination of geological, hydrogeological and soils data. The maps are designed to be used by planners, developers, consultants and regulatory bodies to ensure that developments conform to the Policy and Practice of the Environment Agency for the protection of Groundwater. Please note that these maps are based on data from the late 1980's and early 1990's, more up-to-date digital data may now be available from the Environment Agency. Flat maps may be purchased from the BGS, some sheets are now out of print.

Ar/Ar dating of samples from Aluto and Corbetti volcanoes, Ethiopia (NERC grant NE/L013932/1)
Ar/Ar dating of samples from Aluto and Corbetti volcanoes, Ethiopia. Data are referenced in Hutchison et al., 2016b: A pulse of mid-Pleistocene rift volcanism in Ethiopia at the dawn of modern humans; https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms13192

Area of interest of the GARAH project for the North Sea
Area of interest of the GARAH project workpackage 2. The GARAH project focuses on the petroleum systems of both conventional and unconventional resources in the North Sea.

Area suited for groundwater disposal to surface water or municipal drains
Areas suited for groundwater disposal to surface water or municipal drains.

Archaeological Feature - point
Submerged archaeological sites subdivided as: 1. Cave site; 2. Open air site; 3. Settlement; 4. Other. Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

Archaeological Feature - polygon
Submerged archaeological sites subdivided as: 1. Cave site; 2. Open air site; 3. Settlement; 4. Other. Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

Archival Card Index Of Quarries In England And Wales.
Old card index of quarries in England, Wales and Scotland dating mostly from 1939 to 1963: about 7000 cards, each referring to one quarry. England & Wales cards are arranged by BGS 1-inch (now 50k scale) geological sheet, Scottish cards by county. At best, cards indicate county, geol-sheet, rock type, name, grid reference, locality, owner, date of record and cross references to BGS samples.

Archive of unpublished geological reports (ASGI)
ASGI - Automated System of Geological Information application allows unified access and parametric search of reports and opinions saved in all CGS archives. It’s primarily documentation of Geofond department archive under the Act of geological projects and expert outputs from organization since it’s foundation. Besides detail information about reports allows thumbnail of digitized documents. Some documents from another geological organizations archives are also available.

Archive of unpublished geological reports (ASGI)
The ASGI Database ("Automated System of Geological Information") contains digital records of all unpublished reports and assessments stored in the CGS-Geofond Archive. It also includes information on some reports stored in the archives of geological companies.
The database is an electronic cardfile, which enables users to search for reports according to selected criteria.

Archive photograph collections
The BGS archive photograph collections consists of three sub-collections, The British Association for the Advancement of Science (BAAS) photograph collection, Keyworth Library archive collection and the Archive Collection held in National Geological Records Centre (NGRC), Edinburgh. The British Association for the Advancement of Science photograph collection of prints was deposited on permanent loan from the BAAS, the photographs are of important historical interest and range in date from c. 1890 to 1940's. They are mostly field photographs of the UK and Ireland. The negatives were destroyed during the Second World War, the prints are held in the Library at Keyworth. The Keyworth library archive is an interesting assorted collection of historical photographs held in the Library Archive. Collections include subjects in the UK and overseas. Most are donated from external sources. The NGRC Edinburgh collection consists of photographs, mostly prints, held in the Scottish Land Survery Archives collection in Murchison House. They are mostly of historical interest and includes pictures of former staff.

Archived geochemical, geospatial, and geochronological data associated with individual rock units contained within stratigraphic columns (covering North America and New Zealand) in the Macrostrat.org database (NERC Grant NE/L002507/1)
Macrostrat.org is a live database project collecting geochemical, geospatial, and geochronological data associated with specific rock units within stratigraphic columns with a geographic footprint. The data in Macrostrat is an aggregate of previously reported measurements in the literature. The database is constantly updated, expanded, and improved. Hence, data are archived (5-2-23) in this file for posterity in support of the manuscript titled "Evolution of the crustal phosphorus reservoir" (Walton et al., 2023). In all measurements in the data file: ages are in millions of years (Ma) and elemental compositions are in wt%. Further details of all definitions and standards in Macrostrat data reporting are permanently available at https://macrostrat.org/api/defs. Macrostrat data are useful for weighting geochemical data by the relative areal and volume abundance of the rock units from which they derive, helping to address questions of (over/under) sampling-induced bias. Data in these files represent direct exports from Macrostrat.org via the API root, supplemented with data from Reinhard et al (2017). Unit areal extents for data from Reinhard et al 2017) are approximated with the relevant Eon average from Macrostrat.org. Macrostrat.org is maintained by Shanan Dr Peters, Dr Daven Quinn, and the hard work of many others ( https://macrostrat.org/#people).

Arsenic in soil
THIS DATASET HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN **This dataset was created for the "Britain beneath our feet" atlas using information extracted from the Geochemical Baseline Survey Of The Environment (G-BASE) For The UK . For Arsenic in soil data please see Geochemical Baseline Survey Of The Environment (G-BASE) For The UK ** Geochemical Baseline Survey Of The Environment (G-BASE) coverage for arsenic in soil. The G-BASE programme involves systematic sampling and the determination of chemical elements in samples of stream sediment, stream water and, locally, soil, to build up a picture of the surface chemistry of the UK. The average sample density for stream sediments and water is about one site per 1.5-2km square. Analytical precision is high with strict quality control to ensure countrywide consistency. Results have been standardised to ensure seamless joins between geochemical sampling campaigns. The data provide baseline information on the natural abundances of elements, against which anomalous values due to such factors as mineralisation and industrial contamination may be compared. Published in Britain beneath our feet atlas.

Arsenic isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Arsenic (As), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Arup Review Of Mining Instability In Great Britain
The data shows the extent of mining within Great Britain it was captured in 1990 by OVE ARUP on behalf of the Department of Environment as a series of paper maps and no updates have been carried out. The data has been converted to a digital format (ESRI shape file) by BGS in 1995. The original scale of the data was 1km square. The dataset has limited attribution indicating type i.e. metalliferous, rock, coal, deneholes (chalk), evaporites or ironstone, and whether definitive evidence was found. Although every effort has been made to attribute the digital data to the original maps some inconstancies may have arisen due to data conversion process.

Ash and gas data from 2013 activity at Volcán de Colima, México (NERC grant NE/L000741/1)
This dataset (1.5 GB) comprises SO2 emission data (SO2 camera and DOAS) of parts of the active 2013 phase from Colima, as well as Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and microprobe data of the collected ash from explosions and lava and dome rock. These data were used in the following paper: Cassidy, M., Cole, P.D., Hicks, K.E., Varley, N.R., Peters, N., Lerner, A. 'Rapid and slow: Varying ascent rates as a mechanism for Vulcanian explosions' Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 420: 73-84. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.03.025

Assessment of chloride natural background level in European coastal aquifers.
Research paper: Assessment of chloride natural background level by applying statistical approaches: Analyses of European coastal aquifers in different environment.

Assessment of the CO2 Storage Potential in Europe (CO2StoP)
CO2StoP is the acronym for the “CO2Storage Potential in Europe.” project. The CO2StoP project, which started in January 2012 and ended in December 2013, was funded by the European Commission (Project N°: ENER/C1/154-2011-SI2.611598). The project covered data from 27 countries. The results of the study are provided as a database of CO2storage locations throughout Europe, a Data Analysis/Interrogation Tool and GIS, and a tool to compute storage capacities and injection rates (StoreFit). The database is now housed by the Joint Research Centre -European Commission, Petten, the Netherlands.

Assessment of unconventional hydrocarbon resources based on 3D petroleum system modelling
The potential of shales as unconventional hydrocarbon resources has been accessed using 3D petroleum system modelling. The dataset shows the extent of the shales in the study area, that covers parts of the Danish, German and Dutch sector in the North Sea. The amounts of free, adsorbed and total GIIP and OIIP has been calculated for each shale. Further information is found in the report,GARAH WP2: 3D Pilot Study – Unconventionals,

Athens PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Athens, Greece. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Atlantic Frontier Environmental Network (AFEN) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1996_CD101: Atlantic Margin Environmental Survey: West of Shetland (05/Jun/1996 to 20/Aug/1996)
This marine geophysical and sampling survey took place in June-August 1996 on the Continental slope West of Shetland on board the RSS Charles Darwin. The purpose was to undertake an integrated baseline environmental survey of the continetal slope west of Shetland undertaken on behalf of the Atlantic Frontier Environmental Network. Sea floor data were collected using a TOBI sidescan sonar and echosounder. Seabed sample data were gathered by using a multicorer, box corer, kasten corer and day grab also photographic seafloor reconnaissance of the seafloor using the SOC WASP system. A British Geological Survey geologist was onboard to undertake geological descriptions, the data from which is archived at BGS. For any other data from this survey contact National Oceanography Centre. Technical details of the survey are contained in SOC Cruise Reports 6 & 7.

Atlantic Frontier Environmental Network (AFEN) Sampling Survey 1998_CD112: Atlantic Margin Environmental Survey: Off north and northwest of Scotland (20/May/1998 to 24/Jun/1998)
This marine geophysical and sampling survey took place over two legs in May and June 1998 in the north and northwest of Scotland on board the RSS Charles Darwin as part of the Atlantic Margin Environmental Survey (AMES) undertaken on behalf of the Atlantic Frontier Environmental Network (AFEN). Seabed sampling data was collected using gravity corer, day grab, box corer and megacorer. A British Geological Survey geologist was onboard to undertake geological descriptions, the data from which is archived at BGS. For any other data from this survey contact National Oceanography Centre. Technical details of the survey are contained in SOC Cruise Report 25.

Atlas geotermálnej energie
Digitálne spracovanie knižného atlasu z roku 1995, ktorý ponúka v prehľadnej forme geotermálnu aktivita celého územia SR a podrobnejšími mierkami je znázornená aktivita vymedzených geotermálnych oblastí.

ATLAS of EUROPEAN GEOLOGY (test)
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Atmospheric CO2 and seawater carbonate system reconstructions from Eocene planktonic foraminifera (NERC grant NE/I005595/1)
Seawater carbonate system properties and atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration reconstructions from Eocene planktonic foraminifera using boron isotope analyses.

ATOM download service of Geological Survey of Spain
ATOM download service of Geological Survey of Spain datasets.

Atomic Force Microscopy images of surface nanobubbles on the carbonate mineral dolomite (NERC grant NE/M011429/1)
Non-contact Atomic Force Microscopy images (NC-AFM) of surface nanobubbles on the carbonate mineral dolomite. Since surface nanobubbles were first imaged in 2000, they have been of growing interest to research due to their long lived properties, with reported lifetimes as long as several hours. Images of nanobubbles were produced under water, collector and depressant conditions using the air water supersaturation method. These are the first images of surface nanobubbles on dolomite. Surface nanobubbles could play a part in the processing of dolomite via froth flotation. These images lay a foundation for future analysis of the effect of nanobubbles in flotation.

Atomic Force Microscopy images of surface nanobubbles on the rare earth fluorcarbonate mineral synchysite (NERC grant NE/M011429/1)
Non -contact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM) images of surface nanobubbles on the fluorcarbonate mineral synchysite. Synchysite is a rare earth fluorcarbonate mineral which has previously been relatively unstudied. Since nanobubbles were first imaged in 2000, they have been thought to play a intigral role in mineral processing. Images of nanobubbles were produced under collector reagent conditions favourable to flotation. These are the first images of nanobubbles on the fluorcarbonate mineral synchysite. Nanobubbles at the surface of synchysite improve the understanding of both flotation and nanobubble formation.

Atomic scale simulations of hydrous vacancies in forsterite (NERC Grant NE/M000044/1)
These data files represent simulations of hydrated cation vacancies in the mantle mineral forsterite (Mg2SiO4) undertaken using the CASTEP atomic scale simulation code ( http://www.castep.org/). Results from these simulations allow the structure relative stability of different defect configurations to be compared. Three types of cation vacancies are considered (M1, M2 and Si) each decorated by hydrogen in order to charge balance the system. For M1 and M2 this results in multiple configurations (with hydrogen bonded to different oxygen atoms around the vacant site). For Si there is only one configuration as all four oxygen atoms are bonded to hydrogen for the charge neutral defect. For each configuration input files detail the initial atomic structure of the defect along with simulation parameters. Output files record the progress of the simulation, the final atomic structure, the energy of this structure, and various predicted properties of the structure. Only ASCII output data is included as binary data created by CASTEP is not intended to be portable, and can easily be recreated using the ASCII files.

Attribute point inventory of 12,838 Asia Summer Monsoon (ASM) Triggered landslides in Nepal (NERC Grant NE/L002582/1)
This is a point (.txt) file of 12,838 Asia Summer Monsoon (ASM) - triggered landslides that occurred across central-eastern Nepal in the period 1988 - 2018. This inventory includes the landslide locations (x, y coordinates of landslide crests) and geometries, as well as the following landslide attributes, where each attribute was extracted at the position of the landslide crest: elevation (m), slope (o), aspect (o), planform and profile curvature, excess topography (m3), local relief (m), distance to channel (m), distance to road (m), near channel ksn, near channel specific stream power (SSP), average 30-year precipitation, total annual rainfall, peak monthly rainfall, landuse, Permafrost index, geology, and tectonic unit. Note, landslides were not mapped in the years 2011 and 2012 due to scan line errors in the Landsat 7 imagery. These landslides and associated attributes were collected for the purpose of assessing how landslide spatial distributions and susceptibility vary through time.

Aurora Ni (nickel) Cu (copper) PGE (platinum-group elements) deposit data (NERC Grants NE/M010848/1, NE/M011615/1)
Sample locations and geochemical data from the Aurora Ni-Cu-PGE magmatic sulphide deposit, Northern Bushveld Complex, South Africa. Samples were taken from two boreholes on the La Pucella farm, courtesy of Pan Palladium Limited. This data contains petrological photographs; scanning electron microscope element maps and identification of platinum group minerals and precious metal minerals; and trace element concentration of ore minerals. This data was collected as part of the TeaSe consortium NERC grant in order to determine the concentration and hosting of critical and precious metals in various types of ore deposits and barren rocks from different geological environments. This data was collected and interpreted by researchers at Cardiff University and is used in a paper, available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2019.02.008.

Average interval bulk thermal conductivity
The ability of the ground to conduct heat within a given depth interval as an average value.

Average interval subsurface temperature
Average temperature below ground level within a given depth interval.

Average interval temperature gradient
The average thermal gradient within a given depth interval.

Average transformation ratio for the Lower Jurassic
Calculated average transformation ratio (TR all) for the Lower Jurassic interval.

Average transformation ratio for the Upper Jurassic
Calculated average transformation ratio (TR all) for the Upper Jurassic interval.

Average vitrinite reflectance for the Lower Jurassic
Calculated average vitrinite reflectance (EASY%Ro) for the Lower Jurassic interval.

Average vitrinite reflectance for the Upper Jurassic
Calculated average vitrinite reflectance (EASY%Ro) for the Upper Jurassic interval

AWS (Automatic Weather Station) Climate Data, Kwale County, Kenya (NERC grant NE/M008894/1)
The dataset contains climate data (Humidity, Rainfall, Rainfall Rate, Dewpoint, Atmospheric Pressure, Temperature, Wind Direction, Wind Gust, Wind Chill, Solar Radiation, Windspeed, Heat Index, UV & UVI) at daily temporal resolution from Maplin Professional Solar Powered Wi-Fi Weather Stations installed at Munje and Galu within the study area.

Azimuthal gathers for azimuthal Q analysis from JC152 cruise, North Sea 2017 (NERC Grant NE/S003347/1)
This is a subset of the seismic GI gun data recorded on the CHIMNEY JC152 cruise in 2017 (further information and nomenclature in Bull et al. 2018). Data were recorded on Ocean Bottom Seismic Receivers 1 and 19, and shots were selected to maintain offsets of approximately 200m, with a wide but uneven azimuth distribution. This was done to study azimuthal attenuation anisotropy for near-vertically travelling P-waves. The data are in SEGY format, with file names in the form: Rec*_**_***_nmo.sgy where * is receiver number ** is GI for the GI gun source and Dura for the surface sparker source *** is X for X component, Y for Y component, Z for Z component and H for hydrophone. Reference: Bull, J. M. (2018). Cruise Report – RRS James Cook JC152: CHIMNEY - Characterisation of Major Overburden Pathways above Sub-seafloor CO2 Storage Reservoirs in the North Sea Scanner and Challenger Pockmark Complexes,University of Southampton, 55 pp. Available at: https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/420257/ NERC Grant - Characterization of major overburden leakage pathways above sub-seafloor CO2 storage reservoirs in the North Sea (CHIMNEY)

Azores processed theoretical waveforms (NERC grant NE/N011791/1)
Theoretical waveforms computed to study earthquakes in the Azores archipelago. Grant abstract: How do earthquakes happen? Understanding the nature of earthquakes is a key fundamental question in Geociences that holds many implications for society. Earthquakes are typically associated with a sudden release of energy that has slowly accumulated over hundreds to thousands of years, being strongly controlled by friction in faults buried several kilometers beneath our feet under quite extreme conditions. For example, the amount of heat produced in just a few seconds is such that it can dramatically change the nature of the fault zone near the sliding surface. Moreover, there is abundant evidence of substantial frictional weakening of faults (i.e., fault strength weakens with increasing slip or slip rate) during earthquakes. However, there are still many open questions related to earthquake source processes: How similar are earthquakes in different temperature-pressure conditions? What is the earthquake's energy budget, which controls the intensity of ground motions? What are the physical mechanisms responsible for fault weakening? Recent progress in seismological imaging methods, theoretical fracture mechanics and rupture dynamics simulations can help solve these questions. Huge volumes of freely available seismic and geodetic data from around the world now allow the routine calculation of earthquake models where earthquakes are typically described as single space-time points. Time is now ripe for systematically building robust, more detailed seismic models bearing information on earthquake's physics by using recently developed sophisticated modelling tools along with high-quality images of the 3-D Earth's interior structure enabled by high performance computing facilities. Moreover, it is now possible to model ruptures theoretically in detail using both analytical fracture mechanics calculations and numerical rupture dynamics simulations, and, for example, estimate the fault temperature during the rupture process, which is the most direct way to quantify friction. However, systematic quantitative links between these calculations and seismological observations are still lacking. This project addresses these issues through a coordinated effort involving seismology and rock mechanics aiming at estimating fault temperature rise during earthquakes from new macroscopic seismic source models. We will use advanced seismic source imaging methods to build a new set of robust kinematic, static and dynamic earthquake source parameters for a large selected set of global earthquakes (e.g., average fault length, width, rupture speed and time history, stress drop, radiated and fracture energy). These solutions will then be used as input parameters to estimate fault temperature using analytical and numerical rupture dynamics calculations. This will lead to an improved understanding of how local fault processes occurring at scales from few microns to tens of centimetres translate into macroscopic seismological properties, how energy is partitioned during earthquakes and which are the mechanisms responsible for fault weakening. Ultimately this project will shed new light on many basic questions in earthquake science such as the similarity of earthquakes in different P-T conditions and the potential geological record left by ruptures (e.g., melt). More broadly, this project will benefit hazard models and any studies relying on accurate earthquake source parameters such as studies in seismic tomography, active tectonics and microseismicity (e.g., associated with hydraulic fracturing).

Bacterial diversity (16S rRNA gene) in participant collected household vacuum dust from homes across two bioclimatic regions (UK and Greece), with associated participant questionnaire and trace element data. (NERC Grant NE/T004401/1)
The <250um fraction of 28 household vacuum dust samples were extracted using high throughput isolation of microbial genomic DNA (21 samples from a national campaign within the UK and 7 samples from Greece, providing samples from two contrasting bioclimatic zones). Both positive and negative reagent controls were included to ensure sterility throughout the processing and sequencing steps, and a randomly selected sample was run in triplicate (DSUK179). These data (raw fastq files: Target_gene 16S and Target_subfragment V4) are available from the European Nucleotide Archive via the study accession PRJEB46920 with individual sample accession numbers ERX6130460 to ERX6130493; https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/view/PRJEB46920). A wide range of anthropogenic factors are likely to affect the indoor microbiome and to capture some of this heterogeneity participants were asked to complete a questionnaire. In addition, trace element data were generated using an X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry on the <250um sieved fraction of the household vacuum dust. Sample location data are provided at town/city, Country level. Indoor dust serves as a reservoir for environmental exposure to microbial communities, many of which are benign, some are beneficial, whilst some exhibit pathogenicity. Whilst non-occupational exposure to a range of trace elements and organic contaminants in house dust are a known risk factor for a range of diseases and poor health outcomes, we know far less about the microbial communities associated with our indoor home environments, and their interaction/impacts on human health. Our knowledge of indoor residential bacterial biodiversity, biogeography and their associated drivers are still poorly understood. The data were collected to improve our understanding of the home microbiome.

Bangladesh river bathymetry and seismic surveys (NERC grant NE/I023228/1)
This dataset contains data from a river multibeam and seismic survey which took place in 2013 and 2014 at scour sites within the Brahmaputra river basin in Bangladesh. The survey was carried out as part of a joint project between the Universities of Birmingham, Southampton and Exeter. "The sedimentology of fluvial megascours" was a scientific research project funded by NERC. The purpose was to collect the data necessary to validate the first generic numerical model of scour zone stratigraphy that will be widely applicable to a broad range of large rivers. River bed bathymetry data were collected using a multibeam echosounder. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were collected using a surface tow boomer and chirp system. Technical details of the survey are contained in the cruise report of the survey which comprises part of the metadata. Some of the data has been accepted for a publication in the journal 'Sedimentology' which will be published in 2018 with the title 'The Sedimentology of channel confluences'.

Barium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Barium (Ba), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Base of hydrate stability zone for 100% CO2. Celtic Sea & French EEZ.
Base of hydrate stability zone for 100% CO2. Geographical site: Celtic Sea & French EEZ. References: Burnol, A. (2018). Roles of Gas Hydrates for CO2 Geological Storage Purposes. Gas Hydrates 2, 267-284. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119451174.ch13 Burnol, A., Thinon, I., Ruffine, L., & Herri, J. M. (2015). Influence of impurities (nitrogen and methane) on the CO2 storage capacity as sediment-hosted gas hydrates – Application in the area of the Celtic Sea and the Bay of Biscay. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 35, 96-109. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.01.018

Base of hydrate stability zone for 96% CO2. Celtic Sea & French EEZ.
Base of hydrate stability zone for 96% CO2. Geographical site: Celtic Sea & French EEZ. References: Burnol, A. (2018). Roles of Gas Hydrates for CO2 Geological Storage Purposes. Gas Hydrates 2, 267-284. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119451174.ch13 Burnol, A., Thinon, I., Ruffine, L., & Herri, J. M. (2015). Influence of impurities (nitrogen and methane) on the CO2 storage capacity as sediment-hosted gas hydrates – Application in the area of the Celtic Sea and the Bay of Biscay. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 35, 96-109. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.01.018

Base of hydrate stability zone for 96% CO2. South of Biscay Bay, Galicia Area.
Base of hydrate stability zone for 96% CO2. Geographical site: South of Biscay Bay, Galicia Area. References: Burnol, A. (2018). Roles of Gas Hydrates for CO2 Geological Storage Purposes. Gas Hydrates 2, 267-284. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119451174.ch13 Burnol, A., Thinon, I., Ruffine, L., & Herri, J. M. (2015). Influence of impurities (nitrogen and methane) on the CO2 storage capacity as sediment-hosted gas hydrates – Application in the area of the Celtic Sea and the Bay of Biscay. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 35, 96-109. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.01.018

Base of hydrate stability zone for biogenic gas. From Piñero et al. 2013.
Base of hydrate stability zone for biogenic gas. Geographical site: world. Reference: Piñero, E., Marquardt, M., Hensen, C., Haeckel, M., & Wallmann, K. (2013). Estimation of the global inventory of methane hydrates in marine sediments using transfer functions. Biogeosciences (BG), 10(2), 959-975.

Base of hydrate stability zone for biogenic gas. NW Europe.
Base of hydrate stability zone for biogenic gas. Geographical site: NW Europe. Reference: Váquez-Izquierdo, A., Gimenez-Moreno, C.-J., León, R., 2018. Knowledge gaps in gas-hydrate assessment: theoretical considerations and practical implications. Geophysical Research Vol. 20, EGU2018-12847, 2018EGU General Assembly 2018 (Vol. 20, EGU2018-12847, 2018EGU General Assembly 2018).

Base of hydrate stability zone for biogenic gas. SW Europe.
Base of hydrate stability zone for biogenic gas. Geographical site: SW Europe. Reference: Váquez-Izquierdo, A., Gimenez-Moreno, C.-J., León, R., 2018. Knowledge gaps in gas-hydrate assessment: theoretical considerations and practical implications. Geophysical Research Vol. 20, EGU2018-12847, 2018EGU General Assembly 2018 (Vol. 20, EGU2018-12847, 2018EGU General Assembly 2018).

Base of negative bouyancy zone for 100% C02. Celtic Sea & French EEZ
Base of negative bouyancy zone for 100% C02. Geographical site: Celtic Sea & French EEZ. References: Burnol, A. (2018). Roles of Gas Hydrates for CO2 Geological Storage Purposes. Gas Hydrates 2, 267-284. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119451174.ch13 Burnol, A., Thinon, I., Ruffine, L., & Herri, J. M. (2015). Influence of impurities (nitrogen and methane) on the CO2 storage capacity as sediment-hosted gas hydrates – Application in the area of the Celtic Sea and the Bay of Biscay. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 35, 96-109. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.01.018

Base of negative bouyancy zone for 96% C02. Celtic Sea & French EEZ
Base of negative bouyancy zone for 96% C02. Geographical site: Celtic Sea & French EEZ. References: Burnol, A. (2018). Roles of Gas Hydrates for CO2 Geological Storage Purposes. Gas Hydrates 2, 267-284. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119451174.ch13 Burnol, A., Thinon, I., Ruffine, L., & Herri, J. M. (2015). Influence of impurities (nitrogen and methane) on the CO2 storage capacity as sediment-hosted gas hydrates – Application in the area of the Celtic Sea and the Bay of Biscay. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 35, 96-109. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.01.018

Base of negative bouyancy zone for 96% C02. Extended 200M in the FISU Area, Celtic Sea.
Base of negative bouyancy zone for 96% C02. Extended 200M in the FISU Area, Celtic Sea. The FISU area is defined by the joint submission made by by Spain, Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (FISU) to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (Article 76) References: Burnol, A. (2018). Roles of Gas Hydrates for CO2 Geological Storage Purposes. Gas Hydrates 2, 267-284. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119451174.ch13 Burnol, A., Thinon, I., Ruffine, L., & Herri, J. M. (2015). Influence of impurities (nitrogen and methane) on the CO2 storage capacity as sediment-hosted gas hydrates – Application in the area of the Celtic Sea and the Bay of Biscay. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 35, 96-109. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.01.018

Base of negative bouyancy zone for 96% C02. South of Biscay Bay, Galicia Area
Base of negative bouyancy zone for 96% C02. Geographical site: South of Biscay Bay, Galicia Area. References: Burnol, A. (2018). Roles of Gas Hydrates for CO2 Geological Storage Purposes. Gas Hydrates 2, 267-284. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119451174.ch13 Burnol, A., Thinon, I., Ruffine, L., & Herri, J. M. (2015). Influence of impurities (nitrogen and methane) on the CO2 storage capacity as sediment-hosted gas hydrates – Application in the area of the Celtic Sea and the Bay of Biscay. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 35, 96-109. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.01.018

Baseline seismic monitoring survey for UKGEOS Glasgow geothermal production using Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) and hydrophones
This dataset contains the acquired distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) and hydrophone datasets from a project investigating the usage DAS at the UK Geoenergy Observatory (UKGEOS) research facility in Glasgow, funded by the UK Unconventional Hydrocarbons (UKUH) small project grant. The UKGEOS site in Glasgow has repurposed an abandoned coal mine to investigate its potential as a heat source and heat sink, and its borehole infrastructure includes pre-installed fibre-optic cables. DAS is a novel seismic monitoring technique that utilizes fibre-optic cables to measure small acoustic and seismic vibrations. Comparable to a very densely spaced hydrophone or geophone array, DAS provides unparalleled data resolution and insights into the subsurface. This dataset provides both active source and passive measurements of DAS at the UKGEOS Site 2 prior to the heat pump installation, providing geophysical baseline measurements of the mine. Alongside the acquired DAS data, data from a hydrophone array co-located to the fibre-optic cable was collected during the active source survey to provide a means of comparison to the DAS. NERC and ESRC jointly funded Unconventional Hydrocarbons in the UK Energy System Programme grant - Baseline seismic monitoring survey for UKGEOS Glasgow geothermal production using Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS)

Basic geological map of the Federation of BiH
Osnovna geološka karta Bosne i Hercegovine ima praktičnu primjenu za određene geološke discipline, daje podatke o mineralnim sirovinama, daje podatke o inženjersko-geološkim, hidrogeološkim i geomorfološkim osobinama terena.

Basins and highs from NAG-TEC
Eastern Structural elements from NAG-TEC: Northeast Atlantic Geoscience Tectonostratigraphic Atlas. This dataset contains the basins and highs along the margins and within the Jan Mayen microcontinent and contains information about the ages, the hierarchy between the structural elements and origin of data. For further information see https://data.geus.dk/nagtec/home.

Bayesian age-depth model for sediment core of Lake Chalco, Mexico (40-0 kcal BP) (NERC Grant NE/S009035/1)
A Bayesian age-depth model was constructed of the radiocarbon dates of the MexiDrill composite core. The age-depth model was produced using rbacon (Blaauw and Christen 2011, Bayesian Analysis 6(3): 457-474, doi: 10.1214/11-BA618), and was run in R as rbacon (CRAN version 3.2.0) using all default settings except for: thick=0.2, depth.units="m", ka=TRUE, acc.mean=2000. The output consists of a pdf of the age-depth model and its settings, a file containing the 95% age ranges, medians and means for every 0.1m of the core depths, a settings file and the .csv file that was used to produce the age-depth model. During the age-modelling, rbacon used the IntCal20 northern hemisphere terrestrial calibration curve (Reimer et al. 2020, Radiocarbon 62, 725-757, doi:10.1017/RDC.2020.41).

Baza danych Systemu Osłony PrzeciwOsuwiskowej
Baza danych Systemu OsłonyPrzeciwOsuwiskowej zawiera informacje o osuwiskach i terenach zagrożonych ruchami masowymi.

Bedrock Aquifer Productivity Scotland version 1
The dataset describes the potential of bedrock aquifers across Scotland to sustain various levels of borehole water supply, and the dominant groundwater flow type in each aquifer. There are five aquifer productivity classes: very high, high, moderate, low and very low, and three groundwater flow categories: significant intergranular flow; mixed fracture/intergranular flow; and fracture flow. The dataset is a tool to indicate the location and productivity of bedrock aquifers across Scotland. It may have several uses, including in policy analysis and development; to prioritise aquifer and site investigations; to inform planning decisions; and to improve awareness of groundwater in general. The complexity and heterogeneity of geological formations means that the dataset is only a guide. It is designed to be used at a scale of 1:100,000, and not to assess aquifer conditions at a single point. Latest version: Bedrock aquifer productivity Scotland version 2

Bedrock Aquifer Productivity Scotland version 2
The Bedrock Aquifer Productivity Scotland dataset forms part of the BGS Hydrogeological Maps of Scotland data product. This product is comprised of three datasets: Bedrock Aquifer Productivity Scotland; Superficial Aquifer Productivity Scotland; and Groundwater Vulnerability Scotland. Aquifer productivity is a measure of the potential of aquifers to sustain a borehole water supply. The Bedrock Aquifer Productivity Scotland dataset version 2 (2015) indicates the location and productivity of bedrock aquifers across Scotland, and their groundwater flow characteristics. Developed as a tool to support groundwater resource management, the dataset provides a guide to aquifer characteristics at a regional scale, and may be useful to anyone interested in learning more about, assessing or managing groundwater resources across Scotland. The dataset is delivered at 1: 100 000 scale; the resolution of the dataset being 50 m and the smallest detectable feature 100 m.

Bedrock Geological map of Estonia 1:400 000
The dataset for the Geological Map of Estonia has been created by vectorizing the paper version of the Bedrock Geological Map of Estonia at a scale of 1:200 000 and has been published in 1997. The map shows areas of bedrock classified into geological units according to the types of rock and their ages. In addition, fault zones in the bedrock are also depicted.

Bedrock Geology of Estonia 1:400 000
The service presents an overview of Estonian bedrock and fault zones at a scale of 1:400 000.

Bedrock Geology of Ireland 1:1Million
The dataset for the Bedrock Geology of Ireland at a scale of 1:1M was created by simplifying the published digital Bedrock Geological Map of Ireland at a scale of 1:500 000.

Bedrock Map of Finland 1:1M
The Geological Map of Finland depicts the main features of bedrock geology in Finland. In this dataset bedrock areas are classified according to rock types and ages. The dataset is an improved version of the Geological map of the Fennoscandian Shield. The legend has been revised in cooperation with the geological surveys of Sweden and Norway.

Bedrock radon index maps 1 : 50,000
Application displays Radon index map of the bedrock of the Czech Republic at a scale of 1 : 50,000 from mapping activities during 1999–2005. It's possible to search by year of publishing, map name and map sheet number. Application is available also on CD-ROM (e-shop).

Bedrock summary lithologies across the UK Continental Shelf (2014 Version)
The Bedrock summary lithologies dataset is digital geological map across the bulk of the UK Continental Shelf (UKCS), for areas up to a water depth of 200m, which groups the bedrock lithologies (rock types) into classes based on similar engineering geology characteristics. The map is derived from the 1:250,000 scale digital bedrock map of the UKCS, called DiGRock250k, which is available separately from the BGS. The map was produced in 2014 in collaboration with, and co-funded by, The Crown Estate as part of a wider commissioned project to assess seabed geological constraints on engineering infrastructure across the UKCS. The divisions on the map combine the bedrock formations into 8 classes (with several subdivisions) of similar strength and lithological variability, each with a ‘Category’ title that summarises their main lithological character: Class1 – Igneous; Class 2 - Tertiary Sandstone and Limestone; Class 2.5 - Tertiary Sandstone and Limestone Interbedded; Class 3 - Tertiary Mudstone; Class 4 - Mesozoic Sandstone and Limestone; Class 4.5 - Mesozoic Sandstone and Limestone Interbedded; Class 5 - Mesozoic Mudstone; Class 6 – Chalk; Class 7 – Metamorphic; Class 8 - Palaeozoic Sedimentary. The data are held by the BGS as an ESRI ArcGIS Shapefile.

The centralised data storage facilities of the Geological Survey of Finland (GTK) contain altogether 28857 deep drill holes and boreholes to the bedrock. The drillings began in the 1920's and they still continue. The drilling data has been collected to databases since in 1989. The information of drillings which are older than this has been digitised when necessary.
The deep drill holes of the bedrock are a spatial data in which the rock sample has been taken from a certain location by drilling. The data contains the information which is related to this sample site and to the core sample. The azimuth, dip and length of the drill hole vary according to the geological environment of the area. The drilling is performed based on the drilling plan drawn up by a geologist. The geologist supervises the drilling site and the realization of the plan and observes and records the information to the database.
The following information is saved to the database: the information related to the positioning and location of the drilling, the information about the drilling organization, the information of the storage place of the core sample, the dip of the drill hole, the lithological information of the sample, cutting angle of the structures, the ore minerals and their appearance in the sample, mineral alteration, structure and texture, stratigraphy, core loss, analysed sample intervals and the geochemical analysis results, physical and petrophysical laboratory measurements, drill hole soundings and thin sections.
In the deep drill holes the azimuth is determinated in degrees. In the full circle there are 360°. The cardinal azimuth is set to be North (000° or 360°). The hole azimuth is decided by the geologist assisted by geophysical background information and geophysicist. The objective is to get a representative sample of the bedrock units.
Hole dip refers to the angle between a horizontal direction and a drilling. The hole dip in the databases of GTK is represented in degrees (°). The dip of the vertical hole is 90°. In horizontal hole the dip is 0°. In that case the drilling has been performed either in a mine or in a quarry or the sample is continuous gouge sample sawed from the bedrock. With respect to the horizontal surface the dip of the drill hole is negative upwards. For example, when a dip is -45° the hole has been drilled in underground mine in the angle of 45 degrees to upwards. The dip of the hole to be drilled is decided by the geologist assisted by geophysical background information and geophysicist. The dip can be presented also as grads. This unit has been used mainly by mining companies.
The length of the drilled hole in the databases of the GTK is represented in metres (m). In addition to the drilling plan, the capacity of the drilling machine and the quality of the bedrock affect the length of the drill hole. In the shattered bedrock the hole can be jammed before the objective length. The lengths of the drilled holes vary from 1 metre to 2,5 kilometres.
Petrophysical laboratory measurements have been made from the drill core since about the year 1965. Since the year 1963 petrological and ore analyses have been made from the selected core samples. The use of analyses was established and increased at the end of the 1980's with the development of analysis methods. During the present the geochemical analyses are an essential part of the drilling project and are done from all the bore holes, with few exceptions. The type samples representing the lithological units of the area and the sample intervals significant to exploration are selected for analyses.
The deep drill holes have been made by the following programmes of the GTK: ore exploration, rock and mineral aggregate studies, natural stone investigations, bedrock mapping and urban mapping. In addition to these, the deep drill holes have been made among others by Outokumpu, Rautaruukki and Lapin Malmi and by the cooperation projects drawn by the universities. The data sets from different sources are not commensurable and information on the quality of the data is partly lacking. The data have been digitised when necessary and a part of the drilling information is still in the paper based archives.

Bedzin PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Bedzin, Poland. It has been provided by GAMMA Remote Sensing as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Benthic foraminiferal oxygen and carbon stable isotope data (NERC Grant NE/P013112/1)
Carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of benthic foraminifera spanning the early and middle Eocene succession recovered from borehole 16/28-Sb01. For description of this sedimentary sequence see Haughton et al. 2005. Petroleum Geology: North-West Europe and Global Perspectives, Proceedings of the 6th Petroleum Geology Conference, 1077–1094.

Berlin PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Berlin, Germany. It has been provided by DLR as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Beryllium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Beryllium (Be), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

BGS Bedrock and Superficial geology (OGC WxS)
This service is the BGS contribution to the OneGeology project, providing UK onshore geological data at 1:625 000 scale and UK continental shelf seabed sediment data at 1:1 million scale. This map data is collected as part of an ongoing BGS project: Digital Geological Map of Great Britain (DiGMapGB). MapServer software is used to provide these OGC WMS and WFS services.

BGS bedrock geology (INSPIRE download service WFS 2.0)
This service is an INSPIRE download WFS service, providing UK onshore bedrock geological data at 1:625 000 scale. This map data is collected as part of an ongoing BGS project: Digital Geological Map of Great Britain (DiGMapGB). GeoServer software is used to provide this WFS service. This service is delivering MappedFeatures specified by GeologicUnits, the geological history of which is recorded by GeologicEvents.

BGS bedrock geology (OGC WxS)
Data from the DiGMap covering the whole of the United Kingdom at a scale of 1:625 000 is available in this OGC WMS service for personal, non-commercial use only. The service is a contribution to the OneGeology-Europe initiative. The layers can be displayed either by age or by lithology. For more information about the digital maps available from the British Geological Survey, please visit https://www.bgs.ac.uk/geological-data/.

BGS Debris Flow Susceptibility Model GB (version 6.1)
The BGS Debris Flow Susceptibility Model for Great Britain v6.1 is a 1:50 000 scale raster dataset of Great Britain providing 50 m ground resolution information on the potential of the ground, at a given location, to form a debris flow. It is based on a combination of geological, hydrogeological and geomorphological data inputs and is primarily concerned with potential ground stability related to natural (rather than man-made) geological conditions and slopes. The dataset is designed for those interested specifically in debris flow susceptibility at a regional or national planning scale such as those involved in construction or maintenance of infrastructure networks (road or rail or utilities), or other asset managers such as for property (including developers and home owners), loss adjusters, surveyors or local government. The dataset builds on research BGS has conducted over the past 15 years investigating debris flows. The model was designed to identify potential source-areas for debris flows rather than locate where material may be deposited following a long-run-out failure i.e. the track and flow of debris. This work focuses on natural geological and geomorphological controls that are likely to influence the initiation of debris flows. It therefore, does not consider the influence of land use or land cover factors.

BGS GeoCoast GB version 1
The BGS GeoCoast Dataset is a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based analysis for indicating multi-hazards and interdependencies within the coastal zone of Great Britain (not including Orkney and Shetland). GeoCoast represents the natural geological coastline (around the mainland of Great Britain) as if no coastal defences or made ground are present. This will be of particular value in areas where coastal defences are no longer maintained. GeoCoast will offer anyone with assets, or an interest in the coastline around Great Britain, access to easy-to-use datasets linked to geohazard data. This will allow users to interpret potential interdependencies in terms of erosion, flooding, habitat and other vulnerabilities. These datasets are divided into two data packages: Premium and Open datasets, which include the following information: The data is delivered in GIS ESRI point, polyline and polygon format (other formats available on request).

BGS GeoIndex - Boreholes data theme (OGC WxS INSPIRE)
Data from the British Geological Survey's GeoIndex Boreholes theme are made available for viewing here. GeoIndex is a website that allows users to search for information about BGS data collections covering the UK and other areas world wide. Access is free, the interface is easy to use, and it has been developed to enable users to check coverage of different types of data and find out some background information about the data. More detailed information can be obtained by further enquiry via the web site: www.bgs.ac.uk/geoindex.

BGS GeoIndex - Collections data theme (OGC WxS INSPIRE)
Data from the British Geological Survey's GeoIndex Collections theme are made available for viewing here. GeoIndex is a website that allows users to search for information about BGS data collections covering the UK and other areas world wide. Access is free, the interface is easy to use, and it has been developed to enable users to check coverage of different types of data and find out some background information about the data. More detailed information can be obtained by further enquiry via the web site: www.bgs.ac.uk/geoindex.

BGS GeoIndex - Geochemistry data theme (OGC WxS INSPIRE)
Data from the British Geological Survey's GeoIndex Geochemistry theme are made available for viewing here. GeoIndex is a website that allows users to search for information about BGS data collections covering the UK and other areas world wide. Access is free, the interface is easy to use, and it has been developed to enable users to check coverage of different types of data and find out some background information about the data. More detailed information can be obtained by further enquiry via the web site: www.bgs.ac.uk/geoindex.

BGS GeoIndex - Geophysics data theme (OGC WxS INSPIRE)
Data from the British Geological Survey's GeoIndex Geophysics theme are made available for viewing here. GeoIndex is a website that allows users to search for information about BGS data collections covering the UK and other areas world wide. Access is free, the interface is easy to use, and it has been developed to enable users to check coverage of different types of data and find out some background information about the data. More detailed information can be obtained by further enquiry via the web site: www.bgs.ac.uk/geoindex.

BGS GeoIndex - Hazards data theme (OGC WxS INSPIRE)
Data from the British Geological Survey's GeoIndex Hazards theme are made available for viewing here. GeoIndex is a website that allows users to search for information about BGS data collections covering the UK and other areas world wide. Access is free, the interface is easy to use, and it has been developed to enable users to check coverage of different types of data and find out some background information about the data. More detailed information can be obtained by further enquiry via the web site: www.bgs.ac.uk/geoindex.

BGS GeoIndex - Hydrogeology data theme (OGC WxS INSPIRE)
The hydrogeological map indicates aquifer potential in generalised terms using a threefold division of geological formations: those in which intergranular flow in the saturated zone is dominant, those in which flow is controlled by fissures or discontinuities and less permeable formations including aquifers concealed at depth beneath covering layers. Highly productive aquifers are distinguished from those that are only of local importance or have no significant groundwater. Within each of these classes the strata are grouped together according to age or lithology. The 1:625 000 scale data may be used as a guide to the aquifers at a regional or national level, but should not be relied on for local information.

BGS GeoIndex - Map products data theme (OGC WxS INSPIRE)
Data from the British Geological Survey's GeoIndex Map products theme are made available for viewing here. GeoIndex is a website that allows users to search for information about BGS data collections covering the UK and other areas world wide. Access is free, the interface is easy to use, and it has been developed to enable users to check coverage of different types of data and find out some background information about the data. More detailed information can be obtained by further enquiry via the web site: www.bgs.ac.uk/geoindex.

BGS GeoIndex - Minerals data theme (OGC WxS INSPIRE)
Data from the British Geological Survey's GeoIndex Minerals theme are made available for viewing here. GeoIndex is a website that allows users to search for information about BGS data collections covering the UK and other areas world wide. Access is free, the interface is easy to use, and it has been developed to enable users to check coverage of different types of data and find out some background information about the data. More detailed information can be obtained by further enquiry via the web site: www.bgs.ac.uk/geoindex.

BGS GeoIndex - Offshore (cultural data) data theme (OGC WxS INSPIRE)
Data from the British Geological Survey's GeoIndex Offshore (cultural data) theme are made available for viewing here. GeoIndex is a website that allows users to search for information about BGS data collections covering the UK and other areas world wide. Access is free, the interface is easy to use, and it has been developed to enable users to check coverage of different types of data and find out some background information about the data. More detailed information can be obtained by further enquiry via the web site: www.bgs.ac.uk/geoindex.

BGS GeoIndex - Offshore data theme (OGC WxS INSPIRE)
Data from the British Geological Survey's GeoIndex Offshore theme are made available for viewing here. GeoIndex is a website that allows users to search for information about BGS data collections covering the UK and other areas world wide. Access is free, the interface is easy to use, and it has been developed to enable users to check coverage of different types of data and find out some background information about the data. More detailed information can be obtained by further enquiry via the web site: www.bgs.ac.uk/geoindex.

BGS Geology - 10k (DiGMapGB-10) Artificial version 2
Data identifies landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with type of artificial or man-made ground. It indicates areas where the ground surface has been significantly modified by human activity. The scale of the data is 1:10 000 scale. Onshore coverage is partial with approximately 30% of England, Scotland and Wales available in the version 2 data release. BGS intend to continue developing coverage at this scale; current focus is to include all large priority urban areas, along with road and rail transport corridors. Types of artificial ground include: Infilled ground areas where original geology has been removed and then wholly or partially back filled includes waste or landfill sites. Landscaped ground areas where surface has been reshaped includes former sand and gravel workings for recreation and amenity use. Made ground man made features including embankments and spoil heaps. Reclaimed ground are areas of land fill, where new ground is created, usually in coastal margins, may be for example a consequence of draining of submerged wetlands and beach rebuilding. Worked ground areas where ground has been removed including quarries and road cuttings. Disturbed ground areas of ill-defined shallow or near surface mineral workings where distinction cannot be made between made and worked ground. Whilst artificial ground may not be considered as part of the 'real geology' of bedrock and superficial deposits it does affect them. Artificial ground impacts on the near surface ground conditions which are important to human activities and economic development. Due to the constantly changing nature of land use and re-use/redevelopment caution must be exercised when using this data as it represents a snapshot in time rather than an evolving picture hence the data may become dated very rapidly. The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

BGS Geology - 10k (DiGMapGB-10) Bedrock version 2
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names and rock type descriptions. The scale of the data is 1:10 000 scale providing bedrock geology. Onshore coverage is partial with approximately 30% of England, Scotland and Wales available in this version 2 data release. BGS intend to continue developing coverage at this scale; current focus is to include all large priority urban areas, along with road and rail transport corridors. Bedrock geology describes the main mass of solid rocks forming the earth's crust. Bedrock is present everywhere, whether exposed at surface in outcrops or concealed beneath superficial deposits or water bodies. The bedrock geology of Great Britain is very diverse and includes three broad classes based on their mode of origin: igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary. The data includes attribution to identify each rock type (in varying levels of detail) as described in the BGS Rock Classification Scheme (volumes 1-3). The bedrock has formed over long periods of geological time, from the Archean eon some 7500 million years ago, to the relatively young Pliocene, 58 million years ago. The age of the rocks is identified in the data through their BGS lexicon name (published for each deposit at the time of the original survey or subsequent digital data creation). For stratified rocks i.e. arranged in sequence, this will usually be of a lithostratigraphic type. Other rock types for example intrusive igneous bodies will be of a lithodemic type. More information on the formal naming of UK rocks is available in the BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units. Geological names are based on the lithostratigraphic or lithodemic hierarchy. The lithostratigraphic scheme arranges rock bodies into units based on rock-type and geological time of formation. Where rock-types do not fit into the lithostratigraphic scheme, for example intrusive, deformed rocks subjected to heat and pressure resulting in new or changed rock types; then their classification is based on their rock-type or lithological composition. This assesses visible features such as texture, structure, mineralogy. The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

BGS Geology - 10k (DiGMapGB-10) Linear version 2
Linear features (shown as polylines) represent seven classes of geological structural features e.g. faults, folds or landforms e.g. buried channels, glacial drainage channels at the ground or bedrock surface (beneath superficial deposits). The scale of the data is 1:10 000 scale. Onshore coverage is partial with approximately 30% of England, Scotland and Wales available in the version 2 data release. BGS intend to continue developing coverage at this scale; current focus is to include all large priority urban areas, along with road and rail transport corridors. Linear features are associated most closely with the bedrock theme either as an intrinsic part of it for example marine bands or affecting it in the case of faults. However landform elements are associated with both bedrock and superficial deposits. The linear features are organised into seven main categories: Alteration area indicating zones of change to the pre-existing rocks due to the application of heat and pressure can occur round structural features such as faults and dykes. Fault where a body of bedrock has been fractured and displaced by a large scale process affecting the earth's crust. Fold where strata are bent or deformed resulting from changes or movement of the earth's surface creating heat and pressure to reshape and transform the original horizontal strata. Folds appear on all scales, in all rock types and from a variety of causes. Fossil horizons where prolific fossil assemblages occur and can be used to help establishing the order in which deposits were laid down (stratigraphy). These horizons allow correlation where sediments of the same age look completely different due to variations in depositional environment. Mineral vein where concentrations of crystallised mineral occur within a rock, they are closely associated with faulting but may occur independently. Landforms define the landscape by its surface form; these include glacial features such as drumlins, eskers and ice margins. Rock identifies key (marker) beds, recognised as showing distinct physical characteristics or fossil content. Examples include coal seams, gypsum beds and marine bands. The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

BGS Geology - 10k (DiGMapGB-10) Mass Movement version 2
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with type of mass movement e.g. landslip. The scale of the data is 1:10 000 scale. Onshore coverage is partial with approximately 30% of England, Scotland and Wales available in the version 2 data release. BGS intend to continue developing coverage at this scale; current focus is to include all large priority urban areas, along with road and rail transport corridors. Mass movement describes areas where deposits have moved down slope under gravity to form landslips. These landslips can affect bedrock, superficial or artificial ground. Mass movement deposits are described in the BGS Rock Classification Scheme Volume 4. However the data also includes foundered strata, where ground has collapsed due to subsidence (this is not described in the Rock Classification Scheme). Caution should be exercised with this data; historically BGS has not always recorded mass movement events and due to the dynamic nature of occurrence significant changes may have occurred since the data was released. The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

BGS Geology - 10k (DiGMapGB-10) Superficial version 2
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names and rock type descriptions. The scale of the data is 1:10 000 scale. Onshore coverage is partial with approximately 30% of England, Scotland and Wales available in the version 2 data release. BGS intend to continue developing coverage at this scale; current focus is to include all large priority urban areas, along with road and rail transport corridors. Superficial deposits are the youngest geological deposits formed during the most recent period of geological time, the Quaternary, which extends back about 2.58 million years from the present. They lie on top of older deposits or rocks referred to as bedrock. Superficial deposits were laid down by various natural processes such as action by ice, water, wind and weathering. As such, the deposits are denoted by their BGS lexicon name, which classifies them on the basis of mode of origin (lithogenesis) with names such as, 'glacial deposits', 'river terrace deposits' or 'blown sand'; or on the basis of their composition such as 'peat'. Most of these superficial deposits are unconsolidated sediments such as gravel, sand, silt and clay. The digital data includes attribution to identify each deposit type (in varying levels of detail) as described in the BGS Rock Classification Scheme (volume 4). The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

BGS Geology - 10k (DiGMapGB-10) version 2
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names. The scale of the data is 1:10 000 scale. Onshore coverage is partial with approximately 30% of England, Scotland and Wales available in this version 2 data release. BGS intend to continue developing coverage at this scale; current focus is to include all large priority urban areas, along with road and rail transport corridors. Data are supplied as five themes: bedrock, superficial deposits, mass movement, artificial ground and linear features. Bedrock geology describes the main mass of solid rocks forming the earth's crust. Bedrock is present everywhere, whether exposed at surface in outcrops or concealed beneath superficial deposits or water bodies. Geological names are based on the lithostratigraphic or lithodemic hierarchy. The lithostratigraphic scheme arranges rock bodies into units based on rock-type and geological time of formation. Where rock-types do not fit into the lithostratigraphic scheme, for example intrusive, deformed rocks subjected to heat and pressure resulting in new or changed rock types; then their classification is based on their rock type or lithological composition. This assesses visible features such as texture, structure, mineralogy. Superficial deposits are younger geological deposits formed during the most recent geological time; the Quaternary. These deposits rest on older rocks or deposits referred to as bedrock. The superficial deposits theme defines landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with a geological name and their deposit type or lithological composition. Mass movement describes areas where deposits have moved down slope under gravity to form landslips. These landslips can affect bedrock, superficial or artificial ground. Mass movement deposits are described in the BGS Rock Classification Scheme Volume 4. However the data also includes foundered strata, where ground has collapsed due to subsidence (this is not described in the Rock Classification Scheme). Caution should be exercised with this data; whilst mass movement events are recorded in this layer, due to the dynamic nature of occurrence significant changes may have occurred since the data was released, as such it should be viewed as a snapshot in time (data should be regarded as at 2008). Artificial (man-made) theme (shown as polygons) indicates areas where the ground surface has been significantly modified by human activity. Whilst artificial ground may not be considered as part of the 'real geology' of bedrock and superficial deposits it does affect them. Artificial ground impacts on the near surface ground conditions which are important to human activities and economic development. Due to the constantly changing nature of land use and re-use/redevelopment, caution must be exercised when using this data as it represents a snapshot in time rather than an evolving picture hence the data may become dated very rapidly. Linear features (shown as polylines) represent geological structural features e.g. faults, folds or landforms e.g. buried channels, glacial drainage channels at the ground or bedrock surface (beneath superficial deposits). Linear features are associated most closely with the bedrock theme either as an intrinsic part of it for example marine bands or affecting it in the case of faults. However landform elements are associated with both bedrock and superficial deposits. All five data themes are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

BGS Geology - 250k (DiGMapGB-250) Bedrock version 4
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names and rock type descriptions. The scale of the data is 1:250 000 scale providing a generalised geology. Onshore coverage is provided for all of England, Wales, Scotland and the Isle of Man. Bedrock geology describes the main mass of solid rocks forming the earth's crust. Bedrock is present everywhere, whether exposed at surface in outcrops or concealed beneath superficial deposits or water bodies. The bedrock geology of Great Britain is very diverse and includes three broad classes based on their mode of origin: igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary. The data includes attribution to identify each rock type (in varying levels of detail) as described in the BGS Rock Classification Scheme (volumes 1-3 ). The bedrock has formed over long periods of geological time, from the Archean eon some 7500 million years ago, to the relatively young Pliocene, 58 million years ago. The age of the rocks is identified in the data through their BGS lexicon name (published for each deposit at the time of the original survey or subsequent digital data creation). For stratified rocks i.e. arranged in sequence, this will usually be of a lithostratigraphic type. Other rock types for example intrusive igneous bodies will be of a lithodemic type. More information on the formal naming of UK rocks is available in the BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units. Geological names are based on the lithostratigraphic or lithodemic hierarchy. The lithostratigraphic scheme arranges rock bodies into units based on rock-type and geological time of formation. Where rock-types do not fit into the lithostratigraphic scheme, for example intrusive, deformed rocks subjected to heat and pressure resulting in new or changed rock types; then their classification is based on their rock-type or lithological composition, using visible features such as texture, structure, mineralogy. The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

BGS Geology - 250k (DiGMapGB-250) Linear version 4
Data identifying linear features (shown as polylines) representing geological faults at the ground or bedrock surface (beneath superficial deposits). The scale of the data is 1:250 000 scale providing a generalised set of linear features. Onshore coverage is provided for all of England, Wales, Scotland, and the Isle of Man. Geological faults occur where a body of bedrock has been fractured and displaced by large scale processes affecting the earth's crust (tectonic forces). The digital data are attributed by fault type; two categories of fault are described in the data: contact and non-contact faults. Contact faults form a boundary between two different rock types whilst non-contact faults indicate a fault displacement within the same rock. The data has been generalised and shows only the location of major faults. All faults shown are inferred i.e. not exposed or seen at a locality, but derived from other evidence including linear depressions in the landscape, the truncation or displacement of topographical features. The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

BGS Geology - 250k (DiGMapGB-250) version 4
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names. The scale of the data is 1:250 000 scale providing a generalised geology. Onshore coverage is provided for all of England, Wales, Scotland and the Isle of Man. Data are supplied as two themes: bedrock and linear features (faults), there is no superficial, mass movement or artificial theme available onshore at this scale. Bedrock geology describes the main mass of solid rocks forming the earth's crust. Bedrock is present everywhere, whether exposed at surface in outcrops or concealed beneath superficial deposits or water bodies. Geological names are based on the lithostratigraphic or lithodemic hierarchy. This means rock bodies are arranged into units based on rock-type and geological time of formation. Where rock-types do not fit into the lithostratigraphic scheme, for example intrusive, deformed rocks subjected to heat and pressure resulting in new or changed rock types; then their classification is based on their rock-type or lithological composition. This assesses visible features such as texture, structure, mineralogy. Data identifying linear features (shown as polylines) represent geological faults at the ground or bedrock surface (beneath superficial deposits). Geological faults occur where a body of bedrock has been fractured and displaced by large scale processes affecting the earth's crust (tectonic forces). The faults theme defines geological faults (shown as polylines) at the ground or bedrock surface (beneath superficial deposits). The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

BGS Geology - 50k (DiGMapGB-50) Artificial version 8
Data identifies landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with type of artificial or man-made ground. It indicates areas where the ground surface has been significantly modified by human activity. Types of artificial ground include: Disturbed ground areas of ill-defined shallow or near surface mineral workings where distinction cannot be made between made and worked ground. Infilled ground areas where original geology has been removed and then wholly or partially back filled includes waste or landfill sites. Landscaped ground areas where surface has been reshaped includes former sand and gravel workings for recreation and amenity use. Made ground man made features including embankments and spoil heaps. Worked ground areas where ground has been removed including quarries and road cuttings. Disturbed ground areas of ill-defined shallow or near surface mineral workings where distinction cannot be made between made and worked ground. Whilst artificial ground may not be considered as part of the 'real geology' of bedrock and superficial deposits it does affect them. Artificial ground impacts on the near surface ground conditions which are important to human activities and economic development. Due to the constantly changing nature of land use and re-use/redevelopment, caution must be exercised when using this data as it represents a snapshot in time rather than an evolving picture hence the data may become dated very rapidly. The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

BGS Geology - 50k (DiGMapGB-50) Bedrock version 8
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names and rock type descriptions. The scale of the data is 1:50 000 scale providing bedrock geology. Onshore coverage is provided for all of England, Wales, Scotland and the Isle of Man. Bedrock geology describes the main mass of solid rocks forming the earth's crust. Bedrock is present everywhere, whether exposed at surface in outcrops or concealed beneath superficial deposits or water bodies. The bedrock geology of Great Britain is very diverse and includes three broad classes based on their mode of origin: igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary. The data includes attribution to identify each rock type (in varying levels of detail) as described in the BGS Rock Classification Scheme (volumes 1-3 ). The bedrock has formed over long periods of geological time, from the Archean eon some 7500 million years ago, to the relatively young Pliocene, 58 million years ago. The age of the rocks is identified in the data through their BGS lexicon name (published for each deposit at the time of the original survey or subsequent digital data creation). For stratified rocks i.e. arranged in sequence, this will usually be of a lithostratigraphic type. Other rock types for example intrusive igneous bodies will be of a lithodemic type. More information on the formal naming of UK rocks is available in the BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units. Geological names are based on the lithostratigraphic or lithodemic hierarchy. The lithostratigraphic scheme arranges rock bodies into units based on rock-type and geological time of formation. Where rock-types do not fit into the lithostratigraphic scheme, for example intrusive, deformed rocks subjected to heat and pressure resulting in new or changed rock types; then their classification is based on their rock-type or lithological composition, using visible features such as texture, structure, mineralogy. The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

BGS Geology - 50k (DiGMapGB-50) Linear version 8
Linear features (shown as polylines) represent six classes of geological structural features e.g. faults, folds or landforms e.g. buried channels, glacial drainage channels at the ground or bedrock surface (beneath superficial deposits). Linear features are associated most closely with the bedrock theme either as an intrinsic part of it for example marine bands or affecting it in the case of faults. However landform elements are associated with both bedrock and superficial deposits. The linear features are organised into seven main categories: Alteration area indicating zones of change to the pre-existing rocks due to the application of heat and pressure that can occur round structural features such as faults and dykes. Fault where a body of bedrock has been fractured and displaced by a large scale process affecting the earth's crust. Fold where strata are bent or deformed resulting from changes or movement of the earth's surface creating heat and pressure to reshape and transform the original horizontal strata. Folds appear on all scales, in all rock types and from a variety of causes. Fossil horizons where prolific fossil assemblages occur and can be used to help establish the order in which deposits were laid down (stratigraphy). These horizons allow correlation where sediments of the same age look completely different due to variations in depositional environment. Mineral vein where concentrations of crystallised mineral occur within a rock, they are closely associated with faulting, but may occur independently. Landforms define the landscape by its surface form; these include glacial features such as drumlins, eskers and ice margins. Rock identifies key (marker) beds, recognised as showing distinct physical characteristics or fossil content. Examples include coal seams, gypsum beds and marine bands. The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

BGS Geology - 50k (DiGMapGB-50) Mass Movement version 8
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with type of mass movement e.g. landslip. The scale of the data is 1:50 000 scale. Onshore coverage is provided for all of England, Wales, Scotland and the Isle of Man. Mass movement describes areas where deposits have moved down slope under gravity to form landslips. These landslips can affect bedrock, superficial or artificial ground. Mass movement deposits are described in the BGS Rock Classification Scheme Volume 4. However the data also includes foundered strata, where ground has collapsed due to subsidence (this is not described in the Rock Classification Scheme). Caution should be exercised with this data; historically BGS has not always recorded mass movement events and due to the dynamic nature of occurrence significant changes may have occurred since the data was released. The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

BGS Geology - 50k (DiGMapGB-50) Superficial version 8
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names and rock type descriptions. The scale of the data is 1:50 000 scale. Onshore coverage is provided for all of England, Wales, Scotland and the Isle of Man. Superficial deposits are the youngest geological deposits formed during the most recent period of geological time, the Quaternary, which extends back about 2.58 million years from the present. They lie on top of older deposits or rocks referred to as bedrock. Superficial deposits were laid down by various natural processes such as action by ice, water, wind and weathering. As such, the deposits are denoted by their BGS Lexicon name, which classifies them on the basis of mode of origin (lithogenesis) with names such as, 'glacial deposits', 'river terrace deposits' or 'blown sand'; or on the basis of their composition such as 'peat'. Most of these superficial deposits are unconsolidated sediments such as gravel, sand, silt and clay. The digital data includes attribution to identify each deposit type (in varying levels of detail) as described in the BGS Rock Classification Scheme (volume 4). The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

BGS Geology - 50k (DiGMapGB-50) version 8
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names. The scale of the data is 1:50 000 scale. Onshore coverage is provided for all of England, Wales, Scotland and the Isle of Man. Data are supplied as five themes: bedrock, superficial deposits, mass movement, artificial ground and linear features. Bedrock geology describes the main mass of solid rocks forming the earth's crust. Bedrock is present everywhere, whether exposed at surface in outcrops or concealed beneath superficial deposits or water bodies. Geological names are based on the lithostratigraphic or lithodemic hierarchy. The lithostratigraphic scheme arranges rock bodies into units based on rock-type and geological time of formation. Where rock-types do not fit into the lithostratigraphic scheme, for example intrusive, deformed rocks subjected to heat and pressure resulting in new or changed rock types; then their classification is based on their rock-type or lithological composition. This assesses visible features such as texture, structure, mineralogy. Superficial deposits are younger geological deposits formed during the most recent geological time; the Quaternary. These deposits rest on older rocks or deposits referred to as bedrock. The superficial deposits theme defines landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with a geological name and their deposit-type or lithological composition. Mass movement describes areas where deposits have moved down slope under gravity to form landslips. These landslips can affect bedrock, superficial or artificial ground. Mass movement deposits are described in the BGS Rock Classification Scheme Volume 4. However this data also includes foundered strata, where ground has collapsed due to subsidence (this is not described in the Rock Classification Scheme). Caution should be exercised with this data; historically BGS has not always recorded mass movement events and due to the dynamic nature of occurrence significant changes may have occurred since the data was released. Artificial (man-made) theme (shown as polygons) indicates areas where the ground surface has been significantly modified by human activity. Whilst artificial ground may not be considered as part of the 'real geology' of bedrock and superficial deposits it does affect them. Artificial ground impacts on the near surface ground conditions which are important to human activities and economic development. Due to the constantly changing nature of land use and re-use/redevelopment, caution must be exercised when using this data as it represents a snapshot in time rather than an evolving picture hence the data may become dated very rapidly. Linear features (shown as polylines) represent geological structural features e.g. faults, folds or landforms e.g. buried channels, glacial drainage channels at the ground or bedrock surface (beneath superficial deposits). Linear features are associated most closely with the bedrock theme either as an intrinsic part of it for example marine bands or affecting it in the case of faults. Landform elements are associated with both bedrock and superficial deposits. All five data themes are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

BGS Geology - 625k (DiGMapGB-625) 2008
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names. The scale of the data is 1:625 000 providing a simplified interpretation of the geology and may be used as a guide at a regional or national level, but should not be relied on for local geology. Onshore coverage is provided for all of England, Wales, Scotland, the Isle of Man and Northern Ireland. Data are supplied as four themes: bedrock, superficial deposits, dykes and linear features (faults). Bedrock geology describes the main mass of solid rocks forming the earth's crust. Bedrock is present everywhere, whether exposed at surface in outcrops or concealed beneath superficial deposits or water bodies. Geological names are based on the lithostratigraphic or lithodemic hierarchy of the rocks. The lithostratigraphic scheme arranges rock bodies into units based on rock-type and geological time of formation. Where rock-types do not fit into the lithostratigraphic scheme, for example intrusive, deformed rocks subjected to heat and pressure resulting in new or changed rock types; then their classification is based on their rock-type or lithological composition. This assesses visible features such as texture, structure, mineralogy. Superficial deposits are younger geological deposits formed during the most recent geological time; the Quaternary. These deposits rest on older rocks or deposits referred to as bedrock. The superficial deposits theme defines landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with a geological name and their deposit-type or lithological composition. The dykes theme defines small, narrow areas (shown as polygons) of a specific type of bedrock geology; that is igneous rocks which have been intruded into the landscape at a later date than the surrounding bedrock. They are presented as an optional, separate theme in order to provide additional clarity of the bedrock theme. The bedrock and dykes themes are designed to be used together. Linear features data (shown as polylines) represents geological faults at the ground or bedrock surface (beneath superficial deposits). Geological faults occur where a body of bedrock has been fractured and displaced by large scale processes affecting the earth's crust (tectonic forces). The faults theme defines geological faults (shown as polylines) at the ground or bedrock surface (beneath superficial deposits). All four data themes are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are delivered free of charge under the terms of the Open Government Licence.

Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names and rock type descriptions. The scale of the data is 1:625 000 scale providing a simplified interpretation of the geology and may be used as a guide at a regional or national level, but should not be relied on for local geology. Onshore coverage is provided for all of England, Wales, Scotland, the Isle of Man and Northern Ireland. Bedrock geology describes the main mass of solid rocks forming the earth's crust. Bedrock is present everywhere, whether exposed at surface in outcrops or concealed beneath superficial deposits or water bodies. The bedrock geology of the UK is very diverse and includes three broad classes based on their mode of origin: igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary. The data includes attribution to identify each rock type (in varying levels of detail) as described in the BGS Rock Classification Scheme (volumes 1-3 ). The bedrock has formed over long periods of geological time, from the Archean eon some 7500 million years ago, to the relatively young Pliocene, 58 million years ago. The age of the rocks is identified in the data through their BGS lexicon name (published for each deposit at the time of the original survey or subsequent digital data creation). For stratified rocks i.e. arranged in sequence, this will usually be of a lithostratigraphic type. Other rock types for example intrusive igneous bodies will be of a lithodemic type. More information on the formal naming of UK rocks is available in the BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units. Geological names are based on the lithostratigraphic or lithodemic hierarchy. The lithostratigraphic scheme arranges rock bodies into units based on rock-type and geological time of formation. Where rock-types do not fit into the lithostratigraphic scheme, for example intrusive, deformed rocks subjected to heat and pressure resulting in new or changed rock types; then their classification is based on their rock-type or lithological composition using visible features such as texture, structure, mineralogy. The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are delivered free of charge under the terms of the Open Government Licence.

BGS Geology - 625k (DiGMapGB-625) Dykes version 5
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names. The scale of the data is 1:625 000 scale providing a simplified interpretation of the geology and may be used as a guide at a regional or national level, but should not be relied on for local geology. Onshore coverage is provided for all of England, Wales, Scotland, the Isle of Man and Northern Ireland. The Dykes data defines small, narrow areas (shown as polygons) of a specific type of bedrock geology, igneous rocks which have been intruded into the landscape. The dykes are presented as an optional, separate theme in order to provide additional clarity of the Bedrock theme. The bedrock and dykes datasets are designed to be used together. The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are delivered free of charge under the terms of the Open Government Licence.

Data identifying linear features (shown as polylines) representing geological faults at the ground or bedrock surface (beneath superficial deposits). The scale of the data is 1:625 000 scale providing a simplified interpretation of the linear features and may be used as a guide at a regional or national level, but should not be relied on for local geology. Onshore coverage is provided for all of England, Wales, Scotland, the Isle of Man and Northern Ireland. Geological faults occur where a body of bedrock has been fractured and displaced by large scale processes affecting the earth's crust (tectonic forces). The digital data are attributed by fault type; two categories of fault are described in the data: fault at rockhead (representing normal dip-slip and strike-slip faults) and thrust fault (representing faults caused by compressive forces). The data has been generalised and shows only the location of major faults. The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are delivered free of charge under the terms of the Open Government Licence.

BGS Geology - 625k (DiGMapGB-625) Superficial version 4
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names and rock type descriptions. The scale of the data is 1:625 000 scale providing a simplified interpretation of the geology and may be used as a guide at a regional or national level, but should not be relied on for local geology. Onshore coverage is provided for all of England, Wales, Scotland, the Isle of Man and Northern Ireland. Superficial deposits are the youngest geological deposits formed during the most recent period of geological time, the Quaternary, which extends back about 2.58 million years from the present. They lie on top of older deposits or rocks referred to as bedrock. Superficial deposits were laid down by various natural processes such as action by ice, water, wind and weathering. As such, the deposits are denoted by their BGS Lexicon name, which classifies them on the basis of mode of origin (lithogenesis) with names such as, 'glacial deposits', 'river terrace deposits' or 'blown sand'; or on the basis of their composition such as 'peat'.Most of these superficial deposits are unconsolidated sediments such as gravel, sand, silt and clay. The digital data includes attribution to identify each deposit type (in varying levels of detail) as described in the BGS Rock Classification Scheme (volume 4). The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are delivered free of charge under the terms of the Open Government Licence.

BGS Geoscience Thesaurus
The BGS Geoscience Thesaurus contains approximately 6000 descriptor terms for concepts in the geoscience and related subjects. Some entries have scope notes to further explain the term. The original source of the data was the Australian Mineral Foundation thesaurus of geoscience; some terms have been added or updated to suit BGS needs and the content will continue to be updated as required. The thesaurus includes synonyms to descriptor terms, hierarchical relationships, symmetric (see also) relationships and lapsed (deprecated) term replacements.

BGS GeoSure (OGC WxS)
The 1:50 000 scale GeoSure (natural ground stability) data covering the map sheets for Loughborough and Kilmarnock are available in this OGC WMS service for personal, non-commercial use only. This service is a contribution to the OneGeology-Europe initiative. For information about more of the British Geological Survey's maps and other digital products please visit http://www.bgs.ac.uk/products. MapServer software is used to provide this OGC WMS service.

BGS GeoSure Shrink Swell 3D for London and Thames Valley
The BGS GeoSure Shrink Swell 3D data is a regional hazard susceptibility map that identifies areas of potential shrink–swell hazard, in three dimensional space, at intervals down to 20m in the London and Thames Valley area. Shrinking and swelling clays can change volume due to variation in moisture, which can cause ground movement that may affect many foundations. The data provides an indication of variation in Volume Change Potential (VCP) of shrink-swell clays and is classified on an A-E (low to high) range of hazard susceptibility. BGS GeoSure Shrink Swell 3D for London is part of the BGS GeoSure range of natural subsidence products. It is derived from the BGS Geology 50k data, the BGS London Lithoframe 3D model and the GeoSure v7 Shrink-Swell layer.

BGS Chemistry Records Pre 2000
This dataset contains records of the BGS analytical chemistry laboratories prior to the year 2000. It is basically an archive of original records and includes card indexes, files and raw analytical data. Files may contain background detail on the samples themselves but coverage is variable; information has been collected over many years in different formats. Different analytical techniques have been used over the years; consequently data are of variable quality as systems have improved with time. Samples analysed could be from anywhere in the world and were usually analysed for internal BGS customers. These are paper records and are available for viewing or copying. Any constraints on data usage would be dependant on individual files. Anyone wishing to access the records would require assistance from staff familiar with the data.

BGS International Minerals-Related Data Holdings Scoping Study Report
The object of the scoping study was to assess the feasibility of creating a BGS International Minerals Data Library by first reviewing the nature and extent of minerals-related data holdings accumulated by BGS overseas projects in the last 35 years. Other important considerations such as data quality, utility and ownership are also addressed. Minerals-related information is regarded as geological, geochemical and geophysical data which have relevance in mineral exploration, prospect assessment, resource evaluation and ore deposit exploitation. This includes surveys and multidisciplinary studies on all scales and covering a wide range of disciplines/methodologies. The only aspects that are specifically excluded from the inventory are those projects that deal solely with hydrogeological investigations, development of hardware, software and laboratory techniques, training, institutional restructuring and management. This report lists the information holdings and their various formats summarised on a geographical basis and puts forward a proposal for the development of a digital BGS International Minerals Data Library for Industry and Government.

BGS marine gravity and magnetic survey data from around the UK (1966 Onwards)
Corrected and smoothed and network adjusted ship gravity, magnetics and bathymetry data acquired by BGS as part of its Offshore Reconnaissance Mapping Programme. This programme was commenced in 1967, funded mainly by the Department of Energy.

BGS Mineral Resources Central Belt of Scotland version 2
This dataset provides digital spatial information on the location of mineral resources in the central belt of Scotland at a scale of 1:50 000. The term ‘mineral resources’ has a definition under international standards that includes both an economic and geological dimension. These data are based primarily on mapped geology with limited assessment of economics. Therefore, the term ‘mineral resources’ is used here in a broad sense. The dataset allows users to visualise the extent and distribution of mineral resources and to relate them to other forms of land-use (such as urban areas or designated environmentally sensitive areas) or to other factors (such as transport infrastructure and conservation information). The British Geological Survey (BGS) was awarded a grant from the Scottish Government Aggregates Levy Fund in 2007 to provide a comprehensive, relevant and accessible information base to enhance the sustainability of mineral resources for 18 local authorities in the central belt of Scotland. BGS co-funded this project through its Sustainable Mineral Solutions project. This work was completed in March 2008. This dataset comprises the digital GIS files which were produced through this project. In 2020 minor revisions to geometry and attributes were made in in response to minor corrections that were required. The paper maps were not re-released with these data updates. The major elements of minerals information presented are the geological distribution of all mineral resources in the central belt of Scotland. The BGS Mineral Resource data does not determine mineral reserves and therefore does not denote potential areas of extraction. Only onshore, mainland mineral resources are included in the dataset. This dataset has been produced by the collation and interpretation of mineral resource data principally held by the British Geological Survey. The mineral resource data presented are based on the best available information, but are not comprehensive and their quality is variable. The dataset should only be used to show a broad distribution of those mineral resources which may be of current or potential economic interest.

BGS Mineral Resources England version 3
This dataset provides digital spatial information on the location of mineral resources in England at a scale of 1:50 000. The term ‘mineral resources’ has a definition under international standards that includes both an economic and geological dimension. These data are based primarily on mapped geology with limited assessment of economics. Therefore, the term ‘mineral resources’ is used here in a broad sense. The dataset allows users to visualise the extent and distribution of mineral resources and to relate them to other forms of land-use (such as urban areas or designated environmentally sensitive areas) or to other factors (such as transport infrastructure and conservation information). The dataset is derived from a set of commissioned projects to prepare a series of mineral resource maps based on counties or amalgamations of counties. Maps for England were commissioned by the central government department with responsibility for mineral planning at the time (Department of the Environment (DoE), Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (DETR), Department for Transport, Local Government and the Regions (DTLR), Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM), and the Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG) between 1994 and 2006. Each map produced (with an accompanying report describing the mineral resources depicted on the map) is available to download, as a PDF file from the BGS-hosted website: www.MineralsUK.com. During 2011-2012 revisions were made to areas of the resource linework. These changes were made as a result of new research and release of a new version of DiGMap (v5). This work was on an ad hoc basis but affects all resource layers. In 2020 minor revisions to geometry and attributes were made in in response to minor corrections that were required. The paper maps were not re-released with these data updates. The BGS Mineral Resource data does not determine mineral reserves and therefore does not denote potential areas of extraction. Only onshore, mainland mineral resources are included in the dataset. This dataset has been produced by the collation and interpretation of mineral resource data principally held by the British Geological Survey. The mineral resource data presented are based on the best available information, but are not comprehensive and their quality is variable. The dataset should only be used to show a broad distribution of those mineral resources which may be of current or potential economic interest.

BGS Mineral Resources Wales version 2
This dataset provides digital spatial information on the location of mineral resources in Wales at a scale of 1:50 000. The term ‘mineral resources’ has a definition under international standards that includes both an economic and geological dimension. These data are based primarily on mapped geology with limited assessment of economics. Therefore, the term ‘mineral resources’ is used here in a broad sense. The dataset allows users to visualise the extent and distribution of mineral resources and to relate them to other forms of land-use (such as urban areas or designated environmentally sensitive areas) or to other factors (such as transport infrastructure and conservation information). The British Geological Survey (BGS) was awarded a grant from the Welsh Assembly Government Aggregates Levy Fund in 2009 to provide a comprehensive, relevant and accessible information base to enhance the sustainability of mineral resources for Wales. BGS co-funded this project through its Sustainable Mineral Solutions project. This work was completed in 2010. This dataset comprises the digital GIS files which were produced through this project. The major elements of minerals information presented on the maps are; the geological distribution of all onshore mineral resources in Wales, the location of mineral extraction sites, the recorded occurrences of metallic minerals, the recorded location of former slate quarries and significant areas of slate waste and the recorded location of historic building stone quarries. In 2020 minor revisions to geometry and attributes were made in in response to minor corrections that were required. The paper maps were not re-released with these data updates. Point data for mineral occurrence and mine site data has not been included in this revision as these data are superseded by other BGS datasets, such as the BGS BritPits database of mines and quarries. The BGS Mineral Resource data does not determine mineral reserves and therefore does not denote potential areas of extraction. Only onshore, mainland mineral resources are included in the dataset. This dataset has been produced by the collation and interpretation of mineral resource data principally held by the British Geological Survey. The mineral resource data presented are based on the best available information, but are not comprehensive and their quality is variable. The dataset should only be used to show a broad distribution of those mineral resources which may be of current or potential economic interest.

BGS Offshore Bedrock 250k version 3.0
The BGS Offshore Bedrock 250k dataset is vector data which reflects the offshore bedrock geological of the UK and some of its adjacent waters at 1:250,000 scale. This comprehensive product provides a digital compilation of the paper maps published by BGS at the same scale, as well as, additional re-interpretations from regional geological studies. The composition, age and deformational history of the rocks underlying the seabed (bedrock) are important for a range of stakeholders, including marine spatial planners and offshore developers. The dataset is arranged in two GIS layers: Bedrock Lithostratigraphy and Bedrock Structural Geology. The polygons within the Bedrock Lithostratigraphy layer show the spatial distribution of the principal lithostratigraphical units (formations and groups). The lines within the Structural Geology layer show the location and extent of known structural features such as faults and folds. This broadscale dataset was derived from geophysical data (e.g. airgun, boomer, sparker, sidescan sonar, magnetometer, gravity meter) and data obtained from commercial wells and BGS shallow boreholes. The variations in data density will be reflected in the detail of the mapping.

BGS offshore marine products (OGC WxS INSPIRE)
BGS offshore marine products are made available to view via this web map service. The 1:250 000 scale offshore geological maps in the UTM series (Universal Transverse Mercator projection) are available digitally as two themes: bedrock geology (DigRock250) and sea-bed sediments (DigSBS250). Marine Hard Substrate Dataset (DiGHardSubstrate250k) is also made available via this service.

BGS PalaeoSaurus collections database
Database of palaeontological specimens, world-wide coverage, including both "Museum" and "Survey" fossil collections from Keyworth and Edinburgh. Development commenced in Autumn 2000 and is ongoing. The database currently contains over 100,000 entries, including half of the taxonomic reference collection held at BGS Keyworth. Internet search access is available on the BGS web site. Key fields in the dataset, many of which can be searched for, include, sample number, nature of sample, confidentiality, collector/donator & year, register details, locality information (including grid reference, map sheet etc.), stratigraphy, type status, identifications & authority and publication details.

BGS Permeability Index version 8
The BGS Permeability Index dataset shows estimated rates of water movement from the ground surface to the water table. The v8 dataset incorporates the latest geology mapping (BGS Geology 50k). This includes updates to the lithology-coding schema, the LEX_RCS. A 2-part code used to identify the named rock unit from the BGS lexicon of named rock units (LEX) followed by a Rock Classification Scheme (RCS) code which describes the rocks lithological characteristics e.g. texture and composition. Updates to these codes and latest dissolution hazard data sourced from BGS GeoSure: Soluble Rocks have been reviewed and classified as part of the version 8 release. The dataset covers Great Britain and is presented at a scale of 1:50 000, based on the geological data at the same scale. However, in areas where the geology is not mapped to this scale, the next best available scale is used. The BGS Permeability Index can be used to compare the relative permeability of deposits at the regional scale, indicating where highly permeable rocks could allow rapid infiltration to occur, or where less permeable rocks are present and water could pond on the ground surface. The dataset can be used as a component in a wide range of geo-environmental assessments such as natural flood management, Sustainable Drainage Systems, engineering desk studies, slope stability, and aquifer vulnerability. It is for use at the regional scale and is not recommended for use at the site-specific scale.

BGS Permeability version 8
The BGS Permeability data product shows estimated rates of water movement from the ground surface to the water table. BGS Permeability version 8 incorporates the latest geology mapping (BGS Geology 50k). This includes updates to the lithology-coding schema, the LEX_RCS. A 2-part code used to identify the named rock unit from the BGS lexicon of named rock units (LEX) followed by a Rock Classification Scheme (RCS) code which describes the rocks lithological characteristics e.g. texture and composition. Updates to these codes and latest dissolution hazard data sourced from BGS GeoSure: Soluble Rocks have been reviewed and classified as part of the version 8 release. The product covers Great Britain and is presented at a scale of 1:50 000, based on the geological data at the same scale. However, in areas where the geology is not mapped to this scale, the next best available scale is used. The BGS Permeability data product can be used to compare the relative permeability of deposits at the regional scale, indicating where highly permeable rocks could allow rapid infiltration to occur, or where less permeable rocks are present and water could pond on the ground surface. The dataset can be used as a component in a wide range of geo-environmental assessments such as natural flood management, Sustainable Drainage Systems, engineering desk studies, slope stability, and aquifer vulnerability. It is for use at the regional scale and is not recommended for use at the site-specific scale.

BGS Petrological Collection Database (Britrocks)
The Britrocks database provides an index to the BGS mineralogical & petrological collection. The computer database covers samples in the UK onshore mapping collection together with world wide reference minerals and the Museum Reserve collection. Currently circa 200k out of circa 300k samples are recorded in the computer database. A collection audit is ongoing, so availability of any particular sample is not guaranteed. The first England and Wales collection sample is from circa 1877, Threshthwaite Comb, Cumbria (collected by the Reverend Clifton Ward). The addition of new samples, transfer of records from registers and updates of existing records is ongoing on a regular basis. Internet access to the database is provided on the BGS web site.

BGS Petrological Rock Samples From Overseas Surveys And Projects.
Rocks, thin sections and paper registers: samples from past BGS surveys and projects overseas. Though neglected for several years, the collection has been re-opened for addition of new material from overseas projects and donations. Paper registers are arranged by accession order on a country by country basis. The records have not been placed in electronic format and are not currently machine readable.

BGS Photograph Collection
The official BGS photographic archive contains an estimated 300,000 photographs. The archive has been built up systematically since its founding in 1891 and is becoming a very popular educational resource for images of the geology of the UK and overseas. A wide range of topics is represented: field geology, landscapes, oblique aerial photographs, geohazards, marine operations, fossil, rocks and photomicrographs of rocks and minerals in thin section. In addition there are an estimated 225,000 photographs held with former groups, projects and individual geoscientists. The collections hold a diverse range of photographic material which includes black and white or colour negatives, transparencies and prints. The film formats range from 35mm to 10"X8" which includes both film and large format glass plates.

BGS Reports Collection.
Reports of work carried out worldwide by the BGS and its precursors. These reports cover a wide range of scientific and technical disciplines and were produced for a variety of purposes. Reports date from about 1950 although there are only a comparatively small number of reports pre 1960. The reports are not published but copies can be provided on demand, in hard copy or pdf format ,subject to any restrictions.

BGS Seabed Geology 10k: Anglesey version 1.0
The BGS Seabed Geology 10k: Anglesey digital map portrays the distribution of the different types of bedrock and sediments that are interpreted to represent the dominant geology within to the top 1-2 metres of the seabed to the north-west of Anglesey, at a scale of 1:10 000. It also includes the distribution of the main seabed morphological and geomorphological features (e.g. drumlins, sandwaves) and the principal structural features observed at rockhead (fractures). This digital map is the result of the interpretation of two high-resolution, multibeam echo-sounder (MBES) bathymetry datasets: (i) the Off Skerries HI1420 survey, collected by Net Survey in 2013 as part of the Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP) surveys managed by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) for the UK Hydrographic Office; and (ii) the North St George’s Channel candidate Marine Conservation Zone (rMCZ) survey, collected jointly by JNCC and Cefas in 2012 for the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra). MBES backscatter, physical samples (e.g. grabs, cores, and boreholes), academic papers and previous BGS geological interpretations at broader scales (250k and 50k scales) were used to further inform this geological interpretation. The bedrock is divided into three units: (i) Neoproterozoic to Palaeozoic age metamudstones and metasandstones of the Monian Supergroup; (ii) undifferentiated Lower Palaeozoic age rocks (mudstone, volcaniclastics, siltstone, slate); and (iii) limestone and sandstone of the Carboniferous Limestone Supergroup. The superficial deposits are composed of various types of glacial sediments (e.g. glacial till and morainic deposits) that were deposited underneath and around the margins of the last British-Irish Ice Sheet in the area, and also more recently deposited marine sediments.

BGS Seabed Geology 10k: Bristol Channel version 1.0
The Seabed Geology 10k: Bristol Channel is a digital geological map portraying the distribution of the different geological substrate units (either of bedrock or unlithified deposits) present on the seabed at a 1:10 000 scale. Additionally, to the Seabed Substrate layer, this dataset also includes i) a Geomorphology layer, revealing the presence and distribution of seabed morphological and geomorphological features and ii) a Structural Geology layer, that delineates the principal structural features observed at rockhead. The bedrock geology is divided into seven stratigraphical units: Pembroke Limestone Group (PEMB); Mercia Mudstone Group (MMG); Penarth Group (PNG); the Lias Groups' St Mary’s Well Bay (STM), Lavernock Shales (LVN) and the Porthkerry (PO) members; and the Inferior Oolite Group (INO). The Lexicon code of the stratigraphical units is provided in parentheses, as defined in the ‘BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units’. The superficial deposits mapped are comprised of only marine sediments that were classified based on their grain size. However, Folk classification was not used to define the sediment classes. The sediments are divided into Gravel (V); Sand and Gravel (XSG); Sand (S); Sand and Mud (XSM); Mud (M); and Gravel, Sand and Mud (XVSM). The RCS code of the stratigraphical units is provided in parentheses, as defined in the ‘BGS Rock Classification Scheme’.

BGS Seabed Sediments 250k version 3.0
The BGS Seabed Sediments 250k dataset is vector data is vector data which reflects the distribution of seabed substrate types of the UK and some of its adjacent waters at 1:250,000 scale. This comprehensive product provides a digital compilation of the paper maps published by BGS at the same scale, as well as, additional re-interpretations from regional geological studies. The seabed is commonly covered by sediments that form a veneer or thicker superficial layer of unconsolidated material above the bedrock. These sediments are classified based on their grain size reflecting the environment in which were deposited. This information is important to a range of stakeholders, including marine habitat mappers, marine spatial planners, offshore industries (in particular, the dredging and aggregate industries). This dataset was primarily based on seabed grab samples of the top 0.1 m, combined with cores, dredge samples and sidescan sonar acquired during mapping surveys since the early 1970s. The variations in data density will be reflected in the detail of the mapping.

BGS seismic phase data
Scanned images of seismic phase data sheets containing phase readings, phase arrival times, amplitude data, magnitude data and derived source information like hypocentres (locations), fault plane solutions etc for earthquakes recorded by BGS seismic stations. The data is in the format used by the location program HYPO71 (Lee & Lahr, 1975) which was the most used program for local earthquakes.

BGS soil property data layers (OGC WxS INSPIRE)
BGS soil property data layers including parent material, soil texture, group, grain size, thickness and European Soil Bureau description. These data are delivered under the terms of the Open Government Licence ( subject to the following acknowledgement accompanying the reproduced BGS materials: Contains British Geological Survey materials copyright NERC [year]. Contact us if you create something new and innovative that could benefit others usingbgsdata@bgs.ac.uk.

BGS Surface geology (OGC WxS)
Data from the DiGMap covering the whole of the United Kingdom at a scale of 1:625 000 is available in this OGC WMS service for personal, non-commercial use only. The service is a contribution to the OneGeology-Europe initiative. The layers can be displayed either by age or by lithology. For more information about the digital maps available from the British Geological Survey, please visit https://www.bgs.ac.uk/datasets/bgs-geology/

BGS UK Coal Resource for New Exploitation Technologies (Version 1)
The UK contains extensive resources of coal, both at surface and in the subsurface. It is estimated that onshore these surface and subsurface deposits cover an area of approximately 40,000 km2. This dataset is derived from a 2004 study to assess the potential of the UK onshore coal resources for both exploitation by conventional (mining) and new technologies. Digital data was created using a Geographic Information System (GIS) to produce the delivered output of the original project, a series of paper maps that would identify prospective areas. The dataset layers include: Mining Technologies: Area with technical potential for opencast workings (source Coal Resource Map of Great Britain BGS/Coal Authority 1999) Underground mining exploration prospects Good prospects for abandoned mine methane (AMM) (Mine workings not recovered) Resource area for coal mine methane (CMM) (source Coal Authority Underground Licences, May 2002) Extent of underground workings with 500m buffer zone (based on Coal Authority data, May 2002) New Technologies: Area greater than 1200m from surface with potential for CO2 sequestration Area with good coalbed methane (CBM) potential Underground coal gasification (UCG) potential Coalbed methane (CBM) resource area Coal-bearing strata

BGS World Mineral Statistics service (WFS)
This service provides access to the World Mineral Statistics database data.

BGS World Mineral Statistics service (WMS)
This web service shows the centroids for countries for which there are minerals statistics data (Imports, Exports, Production) in the World Mineral Statistics database. A GetFeatureInfo request can retrieve some of the data for the country queried, but to get all data you should used the associate WFS.

BIFoR site of Mill Haft, Staffordshire, UK. Temperature from Fiber Optics Distributed Temperature Sensor (DTS). Soil moisture from Active DTS technique and from FDR point probes (NERC grant NE/P003486/1)
The data comprise of temperatures (degC) from a fibre optic distributed temperature sensor and soil moisture in the form of volumetric water content (VWC), expressed in m3/m3. The measurements were performed in a vegetated hillslope in Staffordshire, UK, in the context of the NERC funded project DiHPS: A Distributed Heat Pulse Sensor Network for subsurface heat and water fluxes. The site was equipped with: 15xVWC point probes (5TM, Decagon Devices) installed at 5 locations along the hillslope. At each location, 3x5TM probes were inserted in the soil at depths of 0.10m, 0.25m, 0.40m from the soil surface 1,512m of fibre optic cable for Active DTS measurements. The fibre was buried in the soil in three overlapped loops of 504m each at 0.10m, 0.25m, 0.40m. The measurements from the 5TM were used to infer a site specific empirical relation to obtain soil moisture from Active-DTS measurements, following the approach from Sayde et al., WRR, 2010 (

Biometric data illustrating species-specific growth response of coccolithophores to Palaeocene-Eocene environmental change (NERC Grant NE/H017291/1)
These data were produced within the objectives of the NERC grant (alongside collaborator Gibbs at NOC, Southampton) and predominantly comprise biometric data collected under light microscope at x1500 magnification from the coccolithophore taxon Coccolithus pelagicus, a heavily calcified taxon with a long fossil record. The data was collected as part of a collaborative research effort bringing together the modern and fossil consortia within the UK Ocean Acidification research programme. The data are from batch culture experiments on both modern sub-species of C. pelagicus and provide cell size, coccosphere size, coccolith size and number of coccoliths per cell. The same parameters were measured from C. pelagicus from North Atlantic field and sediment trap samples from inside and outside bloom conditions. Again, the same parameters were also measured from C. pelagicus from exceptionally well-preserved fossil material from several shelf and off-shelf marine locations including New Jersey, Tanzania, California and the Bay of Biscay.

Biosphere Isotope Domain Map GB (V1): strontium isotope data
This file documents the strontium isotope data, and the manner in which it has been processed, to supply the reference data for isotope domains of the Biosphere Isotope Domains GB (V1) map. It includes a summary of the analytical methods used to determine the isotope ratios though time.

Biosphere Isotope Domain Map GB (V1): sulphur isotope data
This file documents the sulphur isotope data, and the manner in which it has been processed, to supply the reference data for isotope domains of the Isotope biosphere domains GB (V1) map. It includes a summary of the analytical methods used to determine the isotope ratios though time.

Biosphere Isotope Domains GB (V1): Interactive Website
This website provides interactive access to geospatial isotope data for Great Britain. The site includes isotope data for strontium, oxygen and sulphur distributions across Great Britain. The user can input isotope measurements from a sample and the website will compare it with British data distributions and provide a downloadable map of areas that match the composition of the unknown. The project is rooted in archaeological studies but has applications in the modern world of food traceability.

Biosphere Isotope Domains GB (V2): Interactive Website
This website provides interactive access to geospatial isotope data for Great Britain. The site includes isotope data for strontium, oxygen and sulphur distributions across Great Britain. The user can input isotope measurements from a sample and the website will compare it with British data distributions and provide a downloadable map of areas that match the composition of the unknown. The project is rooted in archaeological studies but has applications in the modern world of food traceability.

Biostratigraphical Interpretative Data Files
Data include geological logs and charts; letters, minutes & memos; notes; externally written reports; Internal reports; Research Reports; annotated publications, records and reports; and other miscellaneous documentation. Although some of the data go back to the first half of the 20th century (and rarely earlier), the bulk of the data refer to work carried out since about 1960. The data are filed under four subheadings: i. 1:50K sheet files (data relating to BGS mapping projects) for England & Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. ii. Offshore sheet files (data relating to BGS mapping projects) for the UK continental shelf and North Atlantic. iii. Offshore Quadrants (data relating to the hydrocarbons industry) (confidential). iv. Foreign biostratigraphy (in part confidential). v. General Palaeontology, Biostratigraphy & Taxonomy.

Biostratigraphical Masterpacks.
The BGS Stratigraphical Masterpack Series aims to provide high quality biostratigraphical information modules for industry. It is envisaged that the majority of clients will be among the exploration, extraction, construction and consultancy sectors. The topics of these packages are designed, as far as possible,to be relevant to industrial needs by, for example, focusing on a particular frontier exploration area or documenting a fossil group of major interest. They act as practical desk-top guides for routine reference work and are also the basis for in-house staff training. The latest Masterpacks are PC based. There are four titles currently available for purchase from BGS: 1.Reference Collection of British Jurassic Dinoflagellates 2.Jurassic Dinoflagellate Cysts from Skye, NW Scotland 3.Stratigraphic Masterpack on Carboniferous Palynostratigraphy - The Arctic to North Africa 4.Palaeozoic Palynostratigraphy of North Africa, The Middle East & Gulf Region: An Integrated Database

Biostratigraphy Reports - Onshore And Offshore, 1953-2000.
A series of technical palaeontological and biostratigraphical reports produced in the London, Leeds, Edinburgh and Keyworth offices of BGS between 1953 and March 2000. The reports provide information on fossils collected during Geological Survey mapping or supplied by clients. Fossils are collected in order to date (relative age) the rocks in which they occur and/or to provide evidence for the conditions of deposition, so the information contained in each report usually includes determinations of the fossils present in a collection and an interpretation of their stratigraphical and/or their palaeoenvironmental/palaeogeographical significance.Individual reports vary enormously in scope, depending on the reasons for the investigation. Some reports may be site specific, documenting the fossil fauna/flora from a particular locality or borehole, whereas others may deal with material from a number of localities on a 1:10 000, 1:25 000 or 1:50 000 sheet, or from several boreholes. Other reports may be in the form of reviews. Geographical coverage is wide, covering the UK and Northern Ireland onshore, UK offshore and overseas localities.All reports are held as hardcopy only. Each report bears a unique identifying number in the form SS/YY/NN, where 'SS' identifies the series, 'YY' identifies the year in which it was written and 'NN' is a serial number. Reports were numbered sequentially, regardless of whether they dealt with material from the UK and Northern Ireland onshore, UK offshore, or overseas, and a sequential set is held by BGS. Reports are also filed by 1:50 000 sheet, (UK onshore), offshore quadrant and foreign country, as appropriate.

Biostratigraphy, carbonate stable isotopes and % weight organic/inorganic carbon measurements from IODP Site U1480 (NERC grant NE/P021182/1)
Nannofossil biostratigraphy, 46x stable bulk carbonate stable isotope measurements (oxygen and carbon) and 71x % organic carbon and % carbonate measurements from between 1313.71 and 1326.82 mbsf at IODP Site U1480.

BIRPS (BIRPS) Geophysical onshore survey WISPA: BIRPS Integrated S- and P- wave Analysis: Weardale (onshore UK) (20/Sep/1988 to 30/Sep/1988)
This BIRPS onshore deep seismic reflection experiment carried out in Weardale in September 1988 was aimed at detecting deep crustal reflectors and establishing the physical properties of the lower crust. The data was recorded digitally and is archived by BGS. Report unavailable.

BIRPS (BIRPS) Geophysical Survey DRUM: BIRPS Deep profile; Offshore Northern Scotland, W of Orkney (14/Aug/1985 to 21/Aug/1985)
This BIRPS deep profile study took place in August 1985 and this short line was recorded to 30 seconds twt parallel to MOIST in order to trace the Flannen Fault deeper into the upper mantle. It was traced as a nearly continuous bright reflector to 28secs twt, that is after migration, 50km below the Moho. At the time of shooting DRUM was the world's deepest penetration seismic reflection profile. BIRPS was able to contour the Flannan and Outer Isles faults, using its own data and deeplines given by industry. These data are archived by BGS.

BIRPS (BIRPS) Geophysical Survey OCEAN: BIRPS Deep profile; Cape Verde (24/Sep/1991 to 30/Sep/1991)
This BIRPS deep profile survey took place in September 1991 off Cape Verde aboard the Bin Hai. The layout of the profiles consisted of two lines parallel to the spreading axis and nine lines perpendicular to the axis. The line spacing was 4 km so that structure within the oceanic basement could be mapped in three dimensions.

BIRPS (British Institutes Reflection Profiling Syndicate) 3DEPR-ARAD seismic data (1997)
The 3D multi channel seismic data were acquired as part of a collaborative investigation into models of magmatic segmentation between the Scripps Institute of Oceanography and BIRPS (the British Institutions Reflection Profiling Syndicate). The 3D EPR (East Pacific Rise) ARAD (Anatomy of a Ridge Axis Discontinuity) EW9707 cruise was undertaken in September and October 1997 to provide both refelction and wide-angle seismic data for the study of the overlapping spreading centre (OSC) at 9 degrees 3 minutes N on the East Pacific Rise. The data were acquired with a single source and a single streamer with a nominal line spacing of 100 m. The 3D-EPR ARAD survey was a joint NERC/NSF (US National Science Foundation) funded project and the copyright for this survey is held jointly. Reference: Bazin, S. Harding, AJ. et al. (2001) Three-dimensional shallow crustal emplacement at the 9 degree 03 minute N overlapping spreading center on the East Pacific Rise, Journal of Geophysical Research.

BIRPS (British Institutes Reflection Profiling Syndicate) Banda seismic data (1992-1993)
In 1992, BIRPS joined with the Indonesian Marine Geological Institute to record two long multichannel normal-incidence reflection profiles, one of which is DAMAR, the other TIMOR, and one short profile (API) close to the volcano Gunung Api. The survey provides a modern analogue to tectonics hypothesized to have occurred across the Iapetus suture zone of northern England 450-400 Ma. The Banda Arc of Indonesia near the island of Timor is widely recognized as the premier example of the active subduction of continental crust and lithosphere beneath oceanic lithosphere. The crossing of a modern island arc and close passage to active volcanoes was intended to image reflections associated with magma in the crust and uppermost mantle.

BIRPS (British Institutes Reflection Profiling Syndicate) Deep Seismic Reflection Data from the UK and North-West European Continental Shelf (1981-1991)
The British Institutions Reflection Profiling Syndicate (BIRPS) shot approximately 12,000 km of deep, multi-channel seismic reflection data around the British Isles from 1981 to 1991 during 14 surveys. Recording depths vary depending on the purpose of the survey but range from 15 s to 40 s two-way time. Raw and processed digital data are archived by BGS who make the data available subject to the cost of reproduction and handling. Seismic sections and other analogue ancillary data are available for some surveys. Gravity and magnetic data may also be available.

BIRPS (British Institutes Reflection Profiling Syndicate) Faeroe-Iceland Ridge Experiment (FIRE) seismic data (1994)
Faeroe-Iceland Ridge Experiment (FIRE) was acquired by BIRPS (the British Institutions Reflection Profiling Syndicate). The primary target was anomalously thick oceanic crust along the Faeroe-Iceland Ridge that was possibly formed by underplating due to the proximity of the Iceland hotspot. FIRE made use of 110 land seismometers to record the airgun shots. The resulting velocity models and reflector geometries have proved critical in interpretation of variations in crustal volumes along the ridge. The data were recorded to 23 s two-way time.

BIRPS (British Institutes Reflection Profiling Syndicate) Chicxulub seismic data (1996)
BIRPS (the British Institutions Reflection Profiling Syndicate) acquired almost 650 km of offshore seismic data and 300 km of onshore seismic data over the Chicxulub impact crater. The data were recorded to 18 s two-way time.

BIRPS (British Institutes Reflection Profiling Syndicate) MONA LISA seismic survey (1993-1995)
MONA LISA (Marine and Onshore North Sea Acquisition for Lithospheric Seismic Analysis) seismic data was acquired by BIRPS (the British Institutions Reflection Profiling Syndicate) across the Ringkobing-Fyn High of the central North Sea were designed to study the crust near a hypothesized Caledonian age triple junction associated with the colliding continental crust of Laurentia, Avalonia (Gondwanaland) and Baltica. The specific target was the eastward continuation of the Caledonian Front (Iapetus Suture), as previously recognised on NEC (North East Coast line), MOBIL (Measurements over Basins to Image Lithosphere), NSDP (North Sea Deep Profile) and BABEL (Baltic and Bothnian Echoes from the Lithosphere) profiles, in northern Europe. 1112 km of data were acquired, recorded to 26 s two-way time.

BIRPS (British Institutes Reflection Profiling Syndicate) Westline Seismic Survey Data (1993)
WESTLINE was acquired by BIRPS (the British Institutions Reflection Profiling Syndicate). The seismic data image the faulted conjugate margins of the Rockall Trough and the intrabasinal sediments. The seismic data were shot to 18 s two-way time along a single 450 km-long transect.

Bismuth isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Bismuth (Bi), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Borehole and transmissivity dataset, Uganda (NERC Grant NE/M008606/1)
This dataset comprises 655 borehole records and previously unanalysed pumping tests from across Uganda that were compiled from historical borehole records held within 9 district water offices. The dataset is a compilation of historical borehole records held within nine district water offices across Uganda. These data originated from numerous drilling campaigns undertaken by private contractors in each district to site and construct hand-pump borehole community water supplies between 2000 to 2018. In total over 1000 paper borehole records were initially collated and reviewed. This work was carried out over several months visiting the district water offices. Following a quality assurance procedure 655 records were transcribed to create a digital dataset. Each borehole record in the dataset contains a series of metadata alongside the pumping test data (e.g. pump depth, static water level, pumping rate and duration) including locational information (e.g. coordinates, water strike, borehole depth, borehole lithologies). The dataset is delivered as a series georeferenced site information within an MS Excel spreadsheet file.

Borehole and transmissivity dataset, Uganda (NERC Grant NE/M008606/1) - superseded
Revised dataset available here http://data.bgs.ac.uk/id/dataHolding/13607942 .This dataset comprises 655 borehole records and previously unanalysed pumping tests from across Uganda that were compiled from historical borehole records held within 9 district water offices. The dataset is a compilation of historical borehole records held within nine district water offices across Uganda. These data originated from numerous drilling campaigns undertaken by private contractors in each district to site and construct hand-pump borehole community water supplies between 2000 to 2018. In total over 1000 paper borehole records were initially collated and reviewed. This work was carried out over several months visiting the district water offices. Following a quality assurance procedure 655 records were transcribed to create a digital dataset. Each borehole record in the dataset contains a series of metadata alongside the pumping test data (e.g. pump depth, static water level, pumping rate and duration) including locational information (e.g. coordinates, water strike, borehole depth, borehole lithologies). The dataset is delivered as a series georeferenced site information within an MS Excel spreadsheet file.

Borehole data from SAFIRE drill site, Store Glacier, Greenland. (NERC grant NE/K006126/1)
2014 and 2016 time series of basal multiprobe data (Dataset 1), englacial temperature data (Dataset 2), and englacial tilt data (Dataset 3) measured in boreholes drilled at the location of the SAFIRE research project, Store Glacier, Greenland.

Borehole Geology Database.
The Borehole Geology database holds downhole lithological / lithostratigraphical data (with unit-bound lithological properties where appropriate) for boreholes identified within the Single Onshore Borehole Index (SOBI), which covers onshore and nearshore Great Britain. The database can store multiple interpretations for each borehole and properties assigned to each coded lithological unit. Available borehole geology properties include porosity, Munsell colour, grainsize, water struck, etc, and other valid property-types can be included when/if required.

Borehole Index
This dataset shows the location of offshore boreholes and samples. The purpose of this dataset is solely to get an overview and find out to get the actual data. The attributes “source” and “metadata_uri” tells the user who to contact to get more information. The attributes detailedDescription and geologyDescription occasionally contains links to more detailed information.

Borehole Index Croatia
Croatian offshore boreholes and samples

Borehole Index Denmark
Offshore boreholes and samples from Denmark. These data come from the Jupiter database managed by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland.

Borehole Index Estonia
Approximately 970 offshore geological mapping and research sampling sites in Estonia are summarised by point data. Bottom samples are collected with Van Veen grab, Gemax corer, gravity corer or vibrocorer during seabed mapping since 1986. Information about the samples and boreholes is stored in the database of Geological Survey of Estonia.

Borehole Index Finland
The map compiles seabed samples since 1985 onwards. The data includes geographic data and metadata related to each sample, mainly based on the data produced by the Geological Survey of Finland

Borehole Index Latvia
Approximately 2 000 offshore geological mapping and oil exploration wells in Latvia are summarised in a shapefile by points. The location of each well corresponds to its geographical coordinates. Detailed information about the wells is stored in both the State Geological Fund and the Latvian Environment, Geology, and Meteorology Centre's internal database.

Borehole Index Malta
Boreholes and samples from Malta

Borehole locations in Hungary
Map represents locations of boreholes stored in the Geobank database of MFGI, Number of records are over 300000

Borehole logs from a site investigation of slag deposits in Consett Co. Durham, UK (NERC Grant NE/P019943/2)
Three borehole logs are presented that describe the material excavated from a slag deposit in Consett Co. Durham (ad pdf files). The boreholes were created by GeoSonic Ltd commissioned by Cardiff University in September 2017 as part of a UKRI funded project that explores CO2 uptake in slag. The drilling penetrated through 20 and 25m of material representing the extent of the heap to underlying natural ground. The methods used and samples recovered are described in Pullin et al., 2019 Environmental Science and Technology. 53 (16) 9502-9511. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01265. The deposited data include photographs of recovered material from one of the boreholes.

Borehole Notifications.
Records for Great Britain of the statutory notifications of the intention to drill any boreholes, shafts or wells under the Mining Industry Act 1926 or the Water Resources Act 1991( plus voluntary notifications) . Information has been collected and maintained centrally from the 1950's, earlier records however are only on index cards. Complete for all boreholes since 1988 but record data will vary depending on the original purpose. Access restrictions apply.

Borehole profiles
The geological profile depicted within a borehole log.

Borehole Records Collection.
Records of all onshore (or near shore) boreholes, trial pits, shafts and wells held in the BGS archives in either paper, microfilm or digital format. The records range from simple single page lithological logs through to hydrocarbon completion reports. Spatial coverage will vary considerably depending on drilling activity, collecting activity and donations. The majority of new data is from site investigation reports with concentrations in urban areas and along transport routes. Current collection over 1million records covering the whole of Great Britain with 50,000 new records added per annum. Some records date back to 1600 but the majority date from 1900 onwards. Copies of records are available in hard copy or digital formats subject to confidentiality.

Borehole surveys
This database contains key information on boreholes. The database is generated about twice a year as a layer in a GIS environment for use in the Borehole Surveys application. Individual points in the application represent boreholes and polygons indicate groups of related boreholes.

Borehole surveys
This map application gives access to key information about drilling and objects registered in the descriptive database of geological objects. The boreholes inventory includes hydrogeological and geophysical data.

Borehole surveys
ArcGIS Server Service gives access to key information about drilling and objects registered in the descriptive database of geological objects.

Borehole surveys – INSPIRE view service (theme Geology)
INSPIRE View Service gives access to key information about drilling and objects registered in the descriptive database of geological objects classified according to the INSPIRE classification for borehole purpose.

boreholes
This data set is a compilation of all known marine points with geological knowledge. From this index, you can get an overview on available geological knowledge for European seas together with contact information for further details.

Boron isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Boron (B), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Bournemouth Fossil Footprint Archive (NERC grant NE/H004211/1)
A range of footprint data collected specifically as part of a Natural Environment Research Grant [NE/H004211/1] held jointly between Bournemouth University (Professor Matthew Bennett) and Liverpool University (Professor Robin Crompton). A directory for each of the field sites investigated by the research team, as well as modern data from various laboratory and field simulations. Scans of individual footprints are an ASCII format, each of which contains the X, Y and Z for a digital elevation model. In most cases there is a site map in PDF format providing a key to the prints and file names. In some cases jpeg thumb nails of the scans are also provided. Most directories contain a PDF text file of additional information detailing the equipment used, collection methods, and precision/accuracy of the data, along with any available academic references.

Bowland Shale dataset: field and sample photographs, sample descriptions, microphotographs, x-ray fluorescence, LECO elemental analysis, x-ray diffraction and RockEval pyrolysis from Hind Clough, MHD4 and Cominco S9 (NERC grant NE/L002493/1)
The data were produced by Joe Emmings, NERC-funded PhD student at the University of Leicester and British Geological Survey, between 2014 and 2017. Authors of these data: Joe Emmings a, b; Sarah Davies a; Christopher Vane b; Melanie Leng b, c; Vicky Moss-Hayes b; Michael Stephenson b a School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK. b British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK. c School of Biosciences, Centre for Environmental Geochemistry, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK. Data include: 1) A range of photographs from the outcrop Hind Clough and boreholes MHD4 and Cominco S9, sample photographs, thin section scans, microphotographs (transmitted light and scanning electron microscopy) and hand specimen descriptions; 2) The results of 100 analyses from the outcrop Hind Clough and boreholes MHD4 and Cominco S9; x-ray fluorescence major and trace element concentrations, RockEval pyrolysis measurements, x-ray diffraction traces and LECO elemental C and S data. These data were interpreted together with 20 drill-core samples previously acquired from Hind Clough ('HC01' prefix). See for further information regarding this drill-core dataset. Acknowledgements: This study was funded by NERC grant NE/L002493/1, a part of the Central England Training Alliance (CENTA). This study also received CASE funding from the BGS. Nick Riley (Carboniferous Ltd) is thanked for sharing his expertise, particularly regarding the field identification of marine faunas. Charlotte Watts is thanked for providing field assistance. Nick Marsh, Tom Knott and Cheryl Haidon are thanked for providing expertise and assistance during inorganic geochemical and mineralogical analyses.

BRGM Boreholes of Banque du Sous-sol (France)
BSS is the French Boreholes database containing information from about 700 000 boreholes, accompanied by 2 000 000 pages of technical documentation. BSS contains raw information about geology and the technical details of the procedures used to drill the boreholes. This information is provided by operators under the terms of French law (Code Minier art. 131 à 136).

BRGM Superficial geological map of France at 1:1Million (6th edition - 2003)
The digital geological map of France at 1:1million scale is composed of layers of polygonal objects depicting stratigraphic units and lines depicting contours and faults.

Brine-CO2 flow-through test in synthetic sandstone with oblique fractures
NERC grant NE/R013535/1. Here we present the dataset collected during a brine-CO2 flow-through test using a synthetic sandstone with oblique fractures, performed under realistic reservoir conditions stress. We monitored geophysical, mechanical and transport properties, for drainage and imbibition conditions, representative of the injection and post-injection stages of the CO2 storage process. We collected ultrasonic P- and S-wave velocities and their respective attenuation factors, axial and radial strains, electrical resistivity, pore pressure, temperature and brine and CO2 partial flows (from which relative permeability was later calculated).

Bristol_Bath PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Bristol_Bath, United Kingdom. It has been provided by CGG NPA Satellite Mapping as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

BRITICE-CHRONO (BRT) Multibeam, Geophysical and Sampling Survey 2014/6_JC106: BRITICE CHRONO (part 1): Irish Sea (16/Jul/2014 to 25/Aug/2014)
This marine multibeam, geophysical and sampling survey took place from 16/07/14 - 25/08/14 in the area of the Irish Sea East, Irish Sea West, Galaway Bay, Donegal Bay and Malin Sea on board the RRS James Cook. The survey was carried out by scientists from the BRITICE CHRONO Consortium (PI Colm O'Cofaigh) and sediment coring was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS) on behalf of the BRITICE CHRONO Consortium. BRITICE CHRONO is funded and supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) as a consortium project. The aim of the survey was a large vibrocoring effort to constrain the timing and retreat dynamics of the British Irish Ice Sheet. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a EM120 and EM710 multibeam system. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were collected using an SBP120 sub-bottom profiler. Seabed samples were collected using the 6 m BGS vibrocorer and 12 m NOC Piston corer. These data are archived by BGS, Durham University and Bangor University. Data are restricted to project partners for a 5 year moratorium period. Technical details of the survey are contained in the Cruise Report.

British Antarctic Survey (BAS) Sampling Survey Trials 1997/3: Southern North Sea (11/08/1997 to 17/08/1997)
This sampling survey trial took place in August 1997 in the Southern North Sea on board the RRS James Clark Ross a pre-requisite for survey work in the Antarctic. Seabed samples and cores were collected using the BGS rockdrill. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report WB/97/25C.

British Coal Miscellaneous records
Data resulting from deep underground coal exploration and exploitation. Collection of data, dating back to the 18th century, includes reports, interpretations and records of research in all British coalfield areas deposited by the British Coal Corporation. Data for past and current collieries and for future prospects. The majority of the collection was deposited with the National Geological Records Centre in July 2001. The collection includes borehole site plans, borehole logs , analyses and geophysical data etc. Records were selected for retention by British Coal Surveyors and BGS.

British Geological Survey (BGS) 2013/7 Geophysical Survey: Mingulay Coral Reef: (17/Jul/2013 to 19/Jul/2013)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in July 2013 approx 15km east of the island of Mingulay on board the RV Calanus. The purpose was to obtain seismic profiles across the coral mounds of the Mingulay Coldwater Coral Reef. An additional line was collected in Sound of Mull as a test. It has provided useful information on a submarine landslide. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were gathered by BGS using an Applied Acoustics surface tow boomer (S-Boom). These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Report OR/13/033. GeoIndex Offshore -

British Geological Survey (BGS) 2015/1 Multibeam and Geophysical Survey: Northern area of Loch Long (02/Feb/2015 to 13/Feb/2015)
This marine multibeam and geophysical survey took place from 09/02/2015 – 18/02/2015 in the northern area of Loch Long on board the RV White Ribbon. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS). The aim of the survey was to look at areas of sedimentation and submarine slides. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were collected using an Surface Tow Boomer. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in the BGS Report of Survey.

British Geological Survey (BGS) ECORD Geophysical and Geotechnical Hazard Site Survey 2013/4_ECORD: Offshore Progreso, Yucatan, Mexico (16/Apr/2013 to 23/Apr/2013)
The aims of the cruise (cruise number 2013/4_ECORD) were to acquire high resolution geophysical data (multibeam echosounder, side scan sonar, surface tow boomer, magnetometer and CHIRP) and geotechnical data (CPT) in an area of the Chixculub impact crater. The cruise was carried out under contract for the British Geological Survey/ECORD Science Operator. The study area area is approximately 10.58 km2 located approximately 32 km northwest of Progreso, Mexico. An acquisition programme of geophysical survey lines were undertaken to cross three proposed IODP drill sites in order to map seabed morphology, shallow sub-surface geology and the presence of magnetic anomalies, and the context in which they were found. Details of the survey are contained in BGS Commissioned Report CR/13/049 ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/519259/).

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geochemical and Sampling Survey S1/72/02: Bristol Channel: Gamma Spectrometer (16/Sep/1972 to 01/Oct/1972)
This marine geochemical and sampling survey undertaken by Istititute of Geological Sciences (BGS) in conjuction with AERE, Harwell took place September to October 1972 in the Bristol Channel on m.v. Observer. This involved calibration of a sea-bed gamma spectometer towed over an area of relatively well known geology north-east of Lundy with subsequent work in the lesser known area of Bridgwater Bay. In the latter area, gravity cores were taken to calibrate the spectometer.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2002/2: North Hatton Bank and North Rockall Basin (11/07/2002 to 31/07/2002)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in July 2002 in the northern Rockall Trough and the northern end of Hatton Bank on board the RRS James Clark Ross (Cruise JR76). The purpose of the survey was 1) to in fill gaps in the existing seismic data coverage in order to address specific geological problems; 2) Identify windows in the Palaeogene lavas. Seafloor bathymetry data was collected using a Kongsberg-Simrad EM120 multibeam system. Subsurface seismic data were collected using an Airgun and Sparker, these data are archived by BGS and are available for download. Gravitational field, Magnetic field data were also collected. Most of the data were recorded digitally, and paper records were also generated. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report IR/02/152 ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/528019). GeoIndex Offshore -

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2005/1: Firth of Forth (01/Mar/2005 to 03/Mar/2005)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical and multibeam survey took place in March 2005 in the area underneath and around the Forth bridges on board Fathoms Ltd's Multi Purpose Vessel Teal. The purpose was to obtain complete bathymetric coverage of the area between the Forth bridges, except where it was too shallow for safe operations. Multibeam bathymetry data were collected using a Reson Seabat 8125 run by Fathoms Ltd and the processed output supplied to BGS. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were gathered by BGS using a surface tow boomer. A magnetometer was also used. Most of the data were recorded digitally, but paper records were generated also. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the Multibeam survey are contained in Fathoms Report c104281 (nonBGS report 2007/3).

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2005/4: Summer Isles / East Minch (04/Jul/2005 to 23/Jul/2005)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical and multibeam survey took place in July 2005 in the Summer Isles region and Loch Broom and Little Loch Broom aboard the RV Calanus. The survey was a part of the BGS Offshore Mapping and Modelling Project, North Atlantic Correlation. Subsurface seismic data were gathered using a Surface Tow Boomer. Multibeam bathymetry data was collected using a Geoacoustics GeoSwath system supplied and operated by Fathoms Ltd. All of the data were recorded digitally, but paper records were generated also. The data are archived by BGS. Backscatter and geophysical data are available for download. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Report IR/05/139 ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/11140/). GeoIndex Offshore -

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2005/5_MESH: North Channel/Rockall Trough; CD174 (11/Aug/2005 to 08/Sep/2005)
This marine geophysical and multibeam survey took place in August and early September 2005 off the west coast of Scotland on board the RSS Charles Darwin (Cruise CD174) as part of the Mapping European Seabed Habitats (MESH) survey. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS). The area surveyed was in UK and Irish waters and lies between 55 and 57 Degrees North and between 8 and 14 Degrees West. This work was planned to integrate with existing UK, Irish and French multibeam data and also with multibeam data collected July-August 2005 during the UK Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) Strategic Environmental Assessment Surveys (SEAS) in the Rockall Trough. Seafloor bathymetry data were collected using a Simrad EM12 multibeam system. Subsurface seismic data were collected using an Airgun, Boomer, Pinger and Sparker. Magnetic and Gravity data were also collected. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report IR/05/132 ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/11136/). GeoIndex Offshore -

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2006/2: North West Scotland, CD180 (20/May/2006 to 09/Jun/2006)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical and multibeam survey took place in May/June 2006 in the Rockall-Hatton-Faeroes region west of Scotland on board the RRS Charles Darwin. The purpose was to define the size and shape of the basalt window, identify and/or contrain compressional folds/faults/thrusts and to investigate the siesmo-stratigraphy of the Faeroe-Bank Channel to identify potential borehole locations. Additional seismic reflection data were run south of St Kilda and Stanton Bank. Subsurface seismic data were collected using an airgun, sparker and pinger. Seafloor bathymetry data were collected using a Simrad EM12 multibeam system and magnetic and gravity data were also collected. All data were recorded digitally. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report IR/06/076 ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/7301/) and Report on a survey over Stanton Bank 4 for MESH, June 2006 ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/7422). A preliminary overview and interpretations of data gathered are contained in Geological Summary Report CR/06/190 ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/507380/). GeoIndex Offshore -

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2007/1; White Ribbon Survey in Montrose Basin (20/01/2007 - 25/01/2007)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical and multibeam survey took place in January 2007 in the white ribbon area of the Montrose Basin on board the Kommander Iona. The purpose was to obtain the data necessary to produce a swathe bathymetry map of the inshore area, in a bid to link the nearshore and offshore geology. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Reson Seabat 8101 multibeam system run by Utec Survey. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were gathered by BGS using a surface tow boomer. Most of the data were recorded digitally, but paper records were generated also. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report IR/07/025.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2011/10_JC060:Stornoway Bay subset: Stornoway Bay (19/May/2011 to 19/May/2011)
This National Oceanography Centre (NOC) marine geophysical and multibeam survey took place in May/June 2011 on board the RRS James Cook. This data is a subset from the survey collected as a MAREMAP initiative at BGS request over BGS borehole BH78/4. Sea floor data bathymetry were collected using EM710 and sub bottom seismic profiling data were gathered using a SBP120. Other data from the survey are held at NOC. Survey details contained in NOC cruise report No. 4. The cruise was related to and supported by the NERC MAREMAP programme, the EC FP7 IP HERMIONE (grant agreement 226354) and the ERC Starting Grant project CODEMAP (ERC Grant 258482). Additional funding to support ROV work was obtained from the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) and the Lenfest Ocean Program/PEW Foundation. Any published material resulting from these data (Stornoway Bay) must include in the acknowledgements text acknowledging the acquisition cruise, its funding streams and chief scientist (V A I Huvenne).

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2012/8: Loch Broom & Gruinard Bay (25/Jun/2012 to 06/Jul/2012)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical and multibeam and survey took place in June/July 2012 in the area of Loch Broom and Gruinard Bay on board the RV White Ribbon. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were collected using an Applied Acoustics surface tow boomer (STB). These data are archived by BGS.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1968/5: Sea of the Hebrides and The Minch (20/Sep/1968 to 03/Nov/1968)
This sampling and geophysical survey has been carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place in September to November 1968 in the Sea of the Hebrides and the Minch on board the RRS John Murray. These purpose was to collect data to investigate the sub-surface geological structure and sea-bed geology additional geophysical observations were planned for the return passage to Plymouth including a detailed survey of a small area in the southern Irish Sea (see 1968/Passage survey for details). Sea floor data were collected using echo sounder. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using sparker and sidescan sonar. Gravity meter and magnetometer data were collected. Sample data were collected using shipek grab, sediment dredge,rock dredge and scuba diving. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/MG/68/28.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1970/9: Moray Firth (01/10/1970 to 15/10/1970)
Report: Kenolty, N. 1971. Cruise Report - Geophyical work in Scottish Waters on RV Vickers Venturer 1970. (IGS Report No 27) Navigation: The Decca Mk 12 was used throughout the survey. Radar positioning was also used. Equipment: The echo-sounder on board was a Marconi Fishguard and was used throughout the survey. A Kelvin Hughes Transit Sonar was used, printout being through a 9 inch Mufax wet-paper facsimile recorded. Technical details for this survey contained in BGS report WB/MG/71/27

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1970/VV/8: Sea of Hebrides and the Minches (22/08/1970 to 30/09/1970)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) geophysical and sampling survey was carried out as part of the Continetal Shelf Unit II programe in the Sea of the Hebrides and the Minches from late August to Mid October 1970 on board the RV Vickers Venturer in conjunction with BGS1970/9 survey. A secondary objective as to assess the feasibility of operating sampling and geophysics on one ship. Seabed samples were collected with Shipek Grab, gravity corer, vibrocorer and rockdrill. Sea floor data were collected using echosounder and transit sonar. Subsurface seismic data were gathered using Sparker. Technical detail contained in BGS Marine Geophysics report 27.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1971/11: Lyme Regis (20/Sep/1971 to 03/Oct/1971)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine geophysical and sampling survey took place in September-October 1971 in Lyme Bay on board the fishing vessel Dorset Lass. The purpose was to obtain more information on sediment transport and solid geology, carried out in conjunction with the Engineering Geology Unit. Sonar records were obtained from a KH MS.47 transit sonar. Seabed samples were collected by scuba divers. These data are archived by BGS. Summary details of the survey are contained in Institute Geological Sciences (IGS) Report 79/10.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1971/2: English Channel (11/08/1971 to 21/08/1971)
The Institute of Geological Sciences now British Geological Survey (BGS) were invited by French institutes BRGM and CNEXO to participate in a magnetic and shallow seismic survey in the English channel between Cherbourg and Falmouth on the first operational cruise of the new French oceanographic ship Noroit in August 1971.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1972/WH/1: Firth of Clyde, North Channel and Moray Firth (27/02/1972 to 05/04/1972)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine geophysical and sampling survey took place from February to April 1972 in Northern Firth of Clyde and North Channel on board the MV Whitethorn. Sea floor data were collected using an echosounder and a transit sonar. Subsurface data were gathered using a pinger a total of 440 miles were covered. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Gravity corer (sediment & rock), Vibrocorer, and wireline drilling. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report WB/72/2.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1972/WH/2: Sea of Hebrides (07/04/1972 to 08/05/1972)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine geophysical and sampling survey took place from April to May 1972 in Firth of Clyde and Sea of the Hebrides on board the MV Whitethorn. Sea floor data were collected using an echosounder. Subsurface data were gathered using pinger and sparker equipment, a total of 460km were covered. Seabed samples and borehole cores were collected using a Hydrocorer and wireline drilling. Five borehole sites drilled. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report WB/72/3.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1972/WH/3: Moray Firth, off Aberdeenshire and Forth Approaches (09/05/1972 to 21/06/1972)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine geophysical and sampling survey took place May to June 1972 in Moray Firth, off Aberdeenshire and Forth Approaches on board the MV Whitethorn. Sea floor data were collected using an echo sounder and transit sonar. Subsurface data were gathered using pinger and sparker equipment, a total of 531km were covered. Seabed samples and cores were collected using a shipek grab, gravity corer, vibrocorer, shell and auger and wireline drilling equipment. 9 borehole sites were occupied. Additional geophysical records (Line 61) were collected for Survey 72/W3 by MGU onboard ‘MV Researcher’ Survey 1972/4. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report WB/72/7.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1972/WH/4: Moray Firth and north of Scotland (23/06/1972 to 25/07/1972)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine geophysical and sampling survey took place June to July 1972 in Moray Firth and north of Scotland on board the MV Whitethorn. Sea floor data were collected using an echo sounder. Subsurface data were gathered using a pinger, a total of 143km were covered. Seabed samples and cores were collected using a shipek grab, vibrocorer, shell and auger and wireline drilling equipment. Seventeen borehole sites were occupied. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report WB/72/4.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1973/16: Lundy (23/Jun/1973 to 20/Aug/1973)
This geophysical and sampling survey has been carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place in June to August 1973 in the Lundy map sheet area on board the MV Steelfish. The purpose was to collect data as part of UK regional mapping programme. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using pinger. Sample data were collected using gravity corer; Vibrocorer and Shipek Grab. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1973/8: Tay-Forth, Marr Bank, Caithness, Devil's Hole and Fisher (23/07/1973 to 31/08/1973)
A Regional Geophysical and Sampling Survey in the northern North Sea. Report: Brett, CP. 1973. Cruise Report on Project 73/08. MGU Project 73/08. (IGS Report No. 32; BGS report WB/MG/73/32) and BGS shipboard interpretation report WB/74/1. Navigation: Primary - Integrated satellite navigation system with doppler sonar. Secondary - Decca Hi-fix Survey: Askania GSS-3 Gravity Meter Barringer Magnetometer 6000J (max) Sparker System MS47 Transit Sonar ORE Pinger Huntec Seismic Recorder System.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1973/9: Humber (30/08/1973 to 17/09/1973)
This geophysical and sampling survey has been carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place in August to October 1973 in the Upper Humber on board the MV Wyke. The purpose was to collect data as part of UK regional mapping programme. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using sparker. Sample data were collected using hand corer; Vibrocorer and Shipek Grab. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1973/MO/1: Firth of Forth (08/Jan/1973 to 17/Jan/1973)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical and sampling survey took place in January 1973 in the Firth of Forth on board the Minto. Seabed samples were collected using Shipek grab and Gravity corer. Subsurface data were gathered trialling Pinger and Sparker instruments. These data are archived by BGS.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1973/SF/17: Central North Sea, SE Orkney and Clyde Estuary (27/Aug/1973 to 06/Nov/1973)
This sampling and geophysical survey has been carried out by Institute of Geological Sciences now British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place from August to November 1973 in the Firth of Forth; Central North Sea, SE Orkney and Clyde Estuary on board the MV Steelfish. The purpose was to collect data for reconnaissance survey of the British continental shelf to establish a general geological framework. Sample data were collected using sediment gravity corer; Vibrocorer; Sediment or Shell Dredge; Shipek Grab and Photography. These data are archived by BGS. This survey is referenced in IGS report 77/17 and BGS report WB/MI/73/7C.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1973/WH/1: Firth of Clyde, Malin Sea (27/02/1973 to 04/04/1973)
This marine geophysical and sampling survey comprised three legs and formed part of the British Geological Survey (BGS) regional mapping project. It was undertaken from February to April 1973 in the Firth of Clyde and Malin Sea area using the MV Whitethorn. The main purpose was to obtain boreholes to prove the extent of the geology, standby work included 1) Sediment sampling in the Malin Sea and Clyde 2) Shallow seismic profiling in sea lochs to determine sediment distribution. 3) sediment sampling, current meter and shallow geophysics in conjunction with University College London. During the second leg engineering geology staff were on board to undertake sampling on fresh cores. Sea-bed samples and cores were collected using Gravity corer, Vibrocorer, shipek grab and Wireline drilling. Geophysical lines run included Pinger, sparker and echosounder equipment. Position fixing during the cruise was Main Chain Decca for standard sampling and geophysical lines and Decca RM 729 Alpine Radar Ranger for boreholes. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Technical Report WB/MI/73/2.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1973/WH/12: Firth of Forth - Peterhead (02/06/1973 to 16/06/1973)
This geophysical and sampling survey has been carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place in June 1973 in the North Sea (Marr Bank and Tay-Forth map sheet areas on board the MV Whitethorn. The purpose was to collect data as part of UK continental shelf survey programme. Sea floor data were collected using echo sounder and transit sonar. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using pinger and sparker. Sample data were collected using gravity corer; Vibrocorer; Dredge and Shipek Grab. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1973/WH/13: North West Scotland and Malin Sea (20/06/1973 to 24/07/1973)
This marine geophysical and sampling survey comprised two legs (Cruise CSU II 73/WH/13, Legs 1 and 2) and formed part of the British Geological Survey (BGS) regional mapping project. It was undertaken from June to July 1973 in the Sea of the Hebrides, Malin Sea, West of Orkney and Irish Sea area using the MV Whitethorn. The main purpose was to obtain boreholes to prove the extent of the geology, standby work included 1) Sediment sampling in sea lochs in conjunction with Edinburgh University 2) Shallow seismic profiling in sea lochs to determine sediment distribution. 3) sediment sampling, current meter and shallow geophysics in conjunction iwth University College London. Sea-bed samples and cores were collected using Gravity corer, Vibrocorer and Wireline drilling. Geophysical lines run included Pinger, sparker and sidescan sonar equipment. Position fixing during the cruise was Main Chain Decca for standard sampling and geophysical lines and Decca RM 729 Alpine Radar Ranger for boreholes. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Technical Report WB/MI/74/18.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1974/16: Irish Sea, St Georges Channel: Gamma Spectrometry (23/Apr/1974 to 10/May/1974)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in April/May 1974 in the Irish Sea, Lyme Bay and St. Georges's Channel area on board the RRS John Murray. The purpose was to collect data as part of the UK regional mapping programme in conjunction with IGS Applied Geochemistry Unit. A total of 1033 km of data were collected. Sea floor data were collected using an echo-sounder and a transit sonar. Towed gamma spectrometer. Subsurface data were gathered using a sparker. Analogue data were collected and paper records were generated. Sea-bed samples and cores were collected using shipek grab and cone dredge. The data are archived by BGS. Navigation: Decca. These data are archived by BGS. See BODC cruise inventory JM6/74 for info.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1974/17: North Sea: Geochemistry (1/Oct/1974 to 19/Oct/1974)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical and sampling survey took place in October 1974 in the North Forties-South Viking area aboard the Royal Research Ship RRS John Murray. The purpose was to evaluate gamma spectrometry technique in an area where no solid outcrop would occur. This provided an opportunity to gather data in an area with no previous coverage. A total of 1290 km of data were collected in a grid of 13 survey tracks. Sea floor data were collected using a echo-sounder and a transit sonar. Subsurface data were gathered using a suite of seismic instruments (airgun, sparker, pinger). Analogue data were collected and paper records were generated. Sea-bed samples and cores were collected using shipek grab and gravity corer. The data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Technical Report WB/74/15C.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1974/WH/12: South Forties (12/05/1974 to 28/05/1974)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) geophysical and sampling survey took place in May 1974 in the South Forties area using the MV Whitethorn. The main purpose was to compare methods of geophysical profiling and geotechnical testing. Sea-bed samples and cores at fifty seven stations were collected using Gravity corer, Vibrocorer and shipek grab/camera. Geophysical lines run included Pinger, sparker, boomer and echosounder equipment. Position fixing during the cruise was Decca Main Chain. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Technical Reports WB/MI/74/10.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1974/WH/9: Dogger Forties/Forth Approaches/Moray Firth (03/03/1974 to 06/07/1974)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical and sampling survey comprised several two week phases and took place from March to June 1974 in the Dogger, Forties and Forth Appoaches areas on board the MV Whitethorn. The main purpose was to obtain boreholes to prove the extent of the geology, standby work included 1) Sediment sampling 2) Shallow seismic profiling. Sea-bed samples and cores were collected using Gravity corer, Vibrocorer, shipek grab and Wireline drilling. Geophysical lines run included Pinger, sparker and echosounder equipment. Position fixing during the cruise was Main Chain Decca for standard sampling and geophysical lines and Decca RM 729 Alpine Radar Ranger for some boreholes. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Technical Reports WB/MI/74/9 and WB/MI/74/14.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1975/30: Thames Estuary (11/May/1975 to 16/May/1975)
This sampling and geophysical survey has been carried out by Institute of Geological Sciences now British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place in May 1975 in the Thames Estuary from a helicopter. The purpose was to collect data for a helicopter gravity survey for the Applied Geophysics unit. Beach sample data were collected for the marine geology unit for the UK regional mapping programme. Beach photographs taken at some stations. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1975/9: Celtic Sea & SW Approaches
This geophysical and sampling survey has been carried out by Institute of Geological Sciences now British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place in September 1975 mainly in the area of Haig Fras on board the MV Gardline Locator. Shallow geophysical surey work took place at night with sampling operations during the day.The purpose was to collect data as part of the UK regional mapping programme. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using pinger and sparker. Sea-bed samples were collected using a gravity corer and shipek grab. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available, IGS 1975 annual report contains summary..

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1975/JM/14: North Sea (31/May/1975 to 13/Jun/1975)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling and geophysical survey took place from the May to June 1975 in the North Sea on board the RRS John Murray. Sub-bottom seismic profiling data were collected using Pinger and Sparker. Sample data were collected using dredge, gravity corer and shipek grab. These records are archived by BGS. No cruise report available.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1975/WH/17: Northern North Sea, East of Shetland (15/Aug/1975 to 02/Sep/1975)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine geophysical and sampling survey took place from August to September 1975 in North Sea on board the MV Whitethorn. The purpose was to gather data which could be used to map the regional geology of the area. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, sediment dredge, Gravity corer and Vibrocorer. Sea floor data were collected using a echo-sounder. Subsurface data were gathered using seismic equipment (Pinger and Sparker). These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 75/14.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1975/WH/21: Pockmark Study, North Sea (31/Jul/1975 to 15/Aug/1975)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) geophysical and sampling survey took place in July/August 1975 in North Sea on board the MV Whitethorn. The purpose was to gather data which could be used to map the regional geology of the area and investigate pockmarks. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Gravity corer and Vibrocorer. Sea floor data were collected using a echo-sounder. Subsurface data were gathered using a pinger. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 75/19. BGS MGU report 98 & UC97. BGS Geotechnical report WN/EG/76/12.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1975/WH/5: Malin Sea (04/Sep/1975 to 21/Sep/1975)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine geophysical and sampling survey took place in September 1975 in Malin Sea on board the MV Whitethorn. The purpose was to gather data which could be used to map the regional geology of the area. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Gravity corer, Vibrocorer and borehole drilling. Sea floor data were collected using a echo-sounder. Subsurface data were gathered using a pinger. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 75/17.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1976/14: North Sea and The Minch (17/Sep/1976 to 03/Oct/1976)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine geophysical and sampling survey (comprised of two legs) took place from September to October 1976 in North Sea and the Minch on board the RRS Challenger. The purpose was to gather data which could be used to map the regional geology of the area and investigate Pockmarks between the Forties and Piper oilfields (Leg 1), to recover solid rock from outcrops on the west coast of Scotland using Consub (Leg 2). Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Gravity corer and unmanned submersible Consub. Sea floor data were collected using a echo-sounder, side-scan sonar, acoustic and resistivity probes. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 76/8.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1976/EM/6: Regional Mapping Programme: East of Shetland Islands (15/Sep/1976 to 27/Sep/1976)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional geophysical and sampling survey took place in September 1976 in North Sea, east of Shetland Islands on board the MV Emerald. The purpose was to gather data which could be used to map the regional geology of the area. Seabed samples and cores were collected using IGS Shipek grab, Gravity corer and midi drill and Bedford Institute of Oceanography drill. Sea floor data were collected using a echo-sounder and a transit sonar. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 76/9.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1976/CH/7: Scotland (01/05/1976 to 16/05/1976)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional geophysical and sampling survey took place in May 1976 in North Sea, west of Scotland on board the RRS Challenger. The purpose was to gather data which could be used to map the regional geology of the area. Seabed samples and cores were collected using IGS Shipek grab, Gravity corer and midi drill and unmanned submersible Consub. Sea floor data were collected using a echo-sounder and a precision depth recorder. Subsurface seismic data were gathered using a pinger. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 76/7.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1976/JM/10: Regional Mapping Programme: North Sea (17/May/1976 to 28/May/1976)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey took placein May 1976 in the North Sea on board the RRS John Murray. The purpose was to gather data which could be used to map the regional geology of the area and undertake geochemical analysis.Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab and cone dredge. A total of 1750 km of data were collected in a grid of survey tracks. Sea floor data were collected using a transit sonar. Subsurface data were gathered using a pinger. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 76/10.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1976/JM/14: Regional Mapping Programme: Irish Sea and St. George's Channel (29/Sep/1976 to 23/Oct/1976)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical and sampling survey took place in September/October 1976 in the Irish Sea and St. George's Channel on board the RRS John Murray. The purpose was to gather data which could be used to map the regional geology of the area. Cruise was virtually aborted by bad wather. Sediment cores were collected using a rock gravity corer. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report ??????????????.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1977/EM/6: SW Approaches and Northern North Sea (01/Jun/1977 to 10/Aug/1977; 11/Aug/1977 to 10/Oct/1977)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine geophysical and sampling survey (comprised of five legs) took place from June to August in SW Approaches and from August to October 1977 in Northern North Sea on board the MV Emerald. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Day grab, Gravity corer, Vibrocorer, 1m rock drill and cone dredge. SW Approaches used Shipek grab,Gravity corer and Vibrocorer a total of 879 stations occupied. Seismic equipment was not routinely used. Sidescan sonar used on SW Approaches Leg 3. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 77/10 to 14, Details for SW Approaches in report by C G Bradley Mv Emerald Cruise 1 June - 10 August 1977. Sample descriptions can be found in Offshore Reports 2000/35-37.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1977/CH/2: West of Scotland (30/Sep/1977 to 14/Oct/1977)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical and sampling survey took place from September to October 1977 in the Minch and west of the Outer Hebrides on board the RRS Challenger. This was a regional mapping survey to examine the nature of the Continental slope. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Gravity corer, 1m rock drill (midi drill) and unmanned submersible Consub. Seismic data were collected using a sidescan sonar, pinger, precision depth recorder, echosounder and sparker. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 77/16.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1977/CH/Consub: Submersible trials: Haig Fras (14/Sep/1977 to 22/Sep/1977)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical and sampling survey took place in September 1977 in the Haig Fras area on board the RRS Challenger. The purpose of the project was to carry our trials of unmanned submersible Consub. Geophysical data were collected using Echo sounder; Precision Depth recorder (PDR) and Sidescan sonar. Seabed samples were collected using unmanned submersible (CONSUB); gravity corer; rock gravity corer; rock dredge and shipek grab.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1977/JM/2: Northern North Sea (10/Oct/1977 to 20/Oct/1977)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical and sampling survey took place in October 1977 in the Northern North Sea on board the RRS John Murray. This regional geochemistry survey for the analysis of heavy metal content was the second leg of survey JM12/77, see survey 1977/12 for details of Leg 1. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Gravity corer,and sediment dredge. Seismic data were collected using a pinger. A geochemical eel was also used. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 77/15.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1977/JM/6: Brent Pipeline Survey, Northern North Sea (29/05/1977 to 15/06/1977)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical and sampling survey took place from May to June 1977 in Northern North Sea on board the RRS John Murray. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Gravity corer and cone dredge. Seafloor data was collected using Transit Sonar (MS47). Subsurface seismic data were collected using a Pingerand Sparker. A geochemical eel was also used. Towed seabed Gamma-ray spectometer demonstation - Report by Miller & Roberts. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report ??.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1978/12: Irish Sea Gamma spectrometry (17/Nov/1978 to 08/Dec/1978)
This BGS marine geochemical, geophysical and sampling survey took place in November/December 1978 in the Irish Sea area aboard the Royal Research Ship RRS John Murray. The purpose was to carry out a preliminary stage of an investigation of environmental radioactivity, IGS Applied Geochemistry Unit in conjunction with NUTMAQ group at Harwell. This provided an opportunity to gather data in an area with no previous coverage. A total of 2203 km of data were collected Sea floor data were collected using a echo-sounder and a transit sonar. Towed gamma spectrometer. Subsurface data were gathered using a suite of seismic instruments (airgun, sparker, pinger). Analogue data were collected and paper records were generated. Sea-bed samples and cores were collected using shipek grab and dredge. The data are archived by BGS.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1981/2: Southern North Sea, Humber Area (12/04/1981 to 24/06/1981)
Report: Mould, AS. 1981. Cruise Report on Project 81/02. A shallow-water regional geophysical survey on the east coast of England. (IGS Report No 118)

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1992/3: Barra Fan Project: Barra Fan off Outer Hebrides, West Scotland (05/Aug/1992 to 21/Aug/1992)
The sampling cruise took place in August 1992 in the region of the Hebridean Terrace west of the Outer Hebrides in the vicinity of the Barra Fan aboard the RRS Charles Darwin. The purpose was to locate and sample marine gas and il seeps on the seafloor. The cruise was undertaken jointly by the British Geological Survey, Marine Biological Association, Plymouth and Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory in order to integrate the geology with the biology and chemistry of these seeps. Seabed samples were collected using gravity corer; box corer, Agassiz trawl and epibenthic sledge. CTD data were also collected. Sea floor data were collected using Echo sounder. Subsurface seismic data were gathered using Pinger. Technical Details of the survey are contained in BGS cruise report WB/92/25 or WB/92/212.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1994/2: Southern North Sea (23/07/1994 to 09/08/1994)
This marine geophysical and sampling survey took place from July to August 1994 in the Southern North Sea on board the MV Kommandor Therese. It undertaken by the British Geological Survey (BGS) as part of the NERC Land Ocean interaction Study (LOIS-LOEPS). Sea floor data were collected using an echosounder. Subsurface seismic data were gathered using a surface tow boomer, a total of eight lines, 66.4km were run. Seabed samples and cores were collected using a Vibrocorer undertaking 207 deployments. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Technical Report WB/94/21.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 2004/1: Estuarine Contaminant - Clyde Estuary, Greenock to Helensburgh (22/03/2004 to 26/03/2004)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical and sampling survey took place in March 2004 in the Clyde estuary between Greenock and Helensburgh aboard the Endrick2 The purpose was to gather data which could be used for Estuarine Contaminent analysis. Seabed samples were collected with a gravity corer and a grab. Sea floor data were collected using a side-scan sonar and subsurface seismic data were gathered using a surface tow boomer. Most of the data were recorded digitally, but paper records were generated also. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in Survey report 03/2004.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 2004/2: Estuarine Contaminant - Clyde, Greenock to Erskine Bridge, (14/Jun/2004 to 18/Jun/2004)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical and sampling survey took place in June 2004 in the Clyde estuary from Greenock to the Erskine Bridge aboard the Griffon Hovercraft. The purpose was to gather data which could be used for Estuarine Contaminant analysis. Seabed samples were collected with a manual sediment coring system ((1.5m x 6cm polycarbonate tubes, fitted with basket catcher) and trowel for surface sediment sampling). Subsurface seismic data were gathered using a surface tow boomer (C-Boom low voltage boomer and power supply unit. BGS Coda DA200 Data Acquisition system, hydrophone and thermal printer). Most of the data were recorded digitally, but paper records were generated also. Technical details of the survey are contained in Survey report 04/GH/02.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 2007/5: Estuarine Contamination: Firth of Clyde Holy Loch to Greenock (26/Mar/2007 to 30/Mar/2007)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical and sampling survey took place in March 2007 in the Firth of Clyde between Holy Loch and Greenock aboard the RV Arora. The purpose was to gather data which could be used for Estuarine Contaminant analysis. Seabed samples were collected with gravity and Craib corers. Sub-surface seismic data were gathered using a surface tow boomer. Most of the data were recorded digitally. Multibeam data was collected on Cruise 2007/4. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report IR/08/039.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 2009/5 (D342): Irish Shelf/Rockall/Hatton (17/Aug/2009 to 18/Sep/2009)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) geophysical and sampling survey took place in August/September 2009, on the Irish Shelf and Rockall / Hatton area on board the RRS Discovery. The objectives were to carry out 16 site surveys in Irish and UK waters, investigating ground conditions for sites of proposed shallow drilling. Regional geophysical surveys of Anton Dohrn Seamount and George Bligh Bank were carried out, as were 3 gravity / magnetic transects across the Rockall Trough and one transect across the Hatton Rockall Basin. Sea floor data were collected using a gravity corer and box corer. Geophysical data were gathered by BGS using airgun, sparker gravity meter, and magnetometer. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report IR/09/075. GeoIndex Offshore -

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey S1/72/01: Southern UK Waters (25/Jul/1972 to 19/Dec/1972)
This sampling and geophysical survey has been carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) formerly Institute of Geological Sciences (IGS) for BGS, the survey took place from to July to December 1972 in Cardigan Bay (28 July to 11 August and 5-8 October), Bristol Channel (12 August to 15 October ), North Irish Sea (16 October to 4 December) and The Wash (December) on board the MV Whitethorn. The purpose was to collect data for IGS Continental Shelf Unit 1 as part of the ongoing UK regional mapping plus other projects. Although this was primarily a drilling and sampling survey geophysical equipment was operated but not routinely. Sea floor data were collected using echo sounder and transit sonar. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using pinger. Sample data were collected using borehole wireline drilling, gravity corer (rock and sediment) and shipek grab. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available, summary descriptions of surveys are contained in IGS 1972 annual report.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical and Submersible Trials Survey 1975/CH/6: Minch and Clyde (10/04/1975 to 29/04/1975)
This geophysical and sampling survey has been carried out by Institute of Geological Sciences (IGS) now British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place in April 1975 in the Clyde and Sea of the Hebrides on board the RRS Challenger. The purpose was to carry out further trials of the IGS submersible Consub in obtaining small cores from solid rock outcrops. Sea floor data were collected using Echo Sounder and Sidescan Sonar. These data are archived by BGS. Details of the survey are contained in IGS Annual Report 1975.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1966/3: Moray Firth (08/10/1966 to 14/11/1966)
This marine geophysical survey was carried out by Hunting Geology and Geophysics Ltd for Institute of Geological Sciences now British Geological Survey (BGS), the survey took place from October to November 1966 in the Moray Firth on board the MV Rosherville. The purpose was to collect data for regional marine survey linking the coastal geology with offshore structures, test equipment and techniques and train personnel. This project constituted the initial steps of the Institute of Geological Sciences (now BGS) regional marine survey of eastern Scottish waters. At the end of the geophysical survey two days of sampling equipment trials were undertaken. Sea floor data were collected using echosounder. Sub-surface data were collected using boomer; proton magnetometer. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in IGS report 70/1.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1968/1: Deep Seismic: Cardigan Bay, Irish Sea (22/May/1968 to 29/Jul/1968)
This marine multi-channel geophysical survey commissioned by the British Geological Survey (BGS), acquired and processed by Seismograph Service (England) Ltd took place 22nd August to 24 May and 13th Julyto 29th July 1968 in the Irish Sea aboard m.v. Norbjorn. Navigation: Decca Main chain. Sub surface data were gathered using explosive charges, 1094km were covered by 11 lines. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in an Acquisition Report.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1968/2: Humber Estuary (23/Feb/1968 to 15/Mar/1968)
This marine geophysical survey undertaken for research has been carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) took place from February to March in the 1968 on board the Humber Conservancy Board survey ship E.P. Hutchinson. Surveys associated with this reserach 1968/7 and 1968/8. The purpose was to collect data as part of a study of the Humber Estuary sediment type distribution; geological structure of the superficial deposits; depths to rockhead beneath superficial deposits and structure of solid rocks. Sea floor data were collected using echosounder and Sidescan Sonar. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using Pinger and Sparker. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in IGS report 69/3 (WB/MC/69/3). McQuillin, R. 1969. Cruise Report: Humber Investigations, 1968.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1968/3: North Irish Sea (15/Jun/1968 to 03/Aug/1968)
This marine geophysical survey was carried out by George Wimpey & Co for British Geological Survey (BGS), the survey took place from June to August 1968 in the north east Irish Sea on board the M.V. Moray Firth IV. This survey was carried out for a project in conjunction with sampling survey 1968/MF/1. The purpose was to collect data for investigation of the British Continental Shelf. Sea floor data were collected using Echo sounder; sidescan sonar and Transit sonar. Subsurface data were gathered using Pinger; Sparker and Magnetometer. These data are archived by BGS Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/MC/69/1. See also IGS report 71/19.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1969/1: Deep Seismic: West of Scotland (12/Aug/1969 to 14 October 1969)
This marine multi-channel geophysical survey commissioned by the British Geological Survey (BGS), acquired and processed by Seismograph Service (England) Ltd took place 12th August to 2nd September and 21st September to 14th October 1969 West of Scotland aboard m.v. Ole Wirum. The main objective was to reveal the structure of the Mesozoic basins, information was incidentally acquired on tertiary dykes and Lave flows and on a submarine plutonic centre. Sub surface data were gathered using gas exploders, 1033km were covered by 17 lines. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in an Acquisition Report. Summary details contained in IGS report 74/12.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1969/2: Northern Irish Sea and Outer Solway Firth (19/04/1969 to 16/05/1969)
Report: Arnold, SE. 1971. Cruise Report for MV Moray Firth IV North Irish Sea Survey. MGU Project 69/02. (IGS Report No 17) Positioning: Main Chain Decca with Mark12 receiver Echo Sounding: Kelvin Hughes MS 36 and MS32 Sonar Systems: EG&G side-scan sonar Kelvin Hughes MS43 Mk1 transit sonar Seismic Systems: Sparker System: EG&G sparker system with 16 element hydrophone streamer. Most lines run at either 0.5kJ or 3kJ Magnetometer: Varian magnetometer. See also IGS report 71/19.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1969/3: Firth of Clyde (17/05/1969 to 30/05/1969)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in May 1969 in the Firth of Clyde on board the MV Moray Firth IV. The purpose was to investigate the superficial deposits of the clyde area, this survey was Phase 1 of a 5 phase project. Sea floor data were collected using echosounder and sidescan sonar. Sub-bottom seismic profiling data were collected using Pinger and Sparker. These records are archived by BGS. Details of the survey are contained in IGS report 73/9.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1969/5: Outer Humber (30/08/1969 to 08/09/1969)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place from August to September 1969 in the Outer Humber area off Spurn Head, on board the MV Moray Firth IV. The purpose was to collect data as part of a regional mapping programme. Sea floor data were collected using Transit Sonar and Sidescan Sonar. Sub-bottom seismic profiling data were collected using Surface Tow Boomer; Pinger and Sparker. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/MG/69/4.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1969/6: Southern North Sea (11/09/1969 to 30/09/1969)
This geophysical survey has been carried out by Institute of Geological Sciences now British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place in September 1969 in the southern North Sea off East Anglia on board the MV Moray Firth IV. The purpose was to collect data as part of the UK regional mapping programme. Sea floor data were collected using echo sounder and transit sonar. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using sparker. Magnetometer was collected. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1969/7: North Irish Sea (11/10/1969 to 28/10/1969)
Report: Tully, MC. 1970. North Channel Irish Sea Cruise Report. MGU Project 69/07. (IGS Report No. 10) Navigation: Decca Mk 12 Main Chain. Equipment: EG&G Seismic Profiling: Two sparkarrays were used firing together at 2500J and 500J respectively at just over once per second. The two arrays were used to give a greater frequency spectrum. KH Transit Sonar: Only used in latter part of the survey as the main area had been covered previously. Elsec Proton Magnetometer. MS 32 Echo-Sounder. La Coste and Romberg Air-Sea Gravity Meter. See also IGS report 71/19.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1969/SM/9: Firth of Clyde (08/12/1969 to 18/12/1969)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in December 1969 in the Firth of Clyde on board the MV Stella Maris. The purpose was to investigate the superficial deposits of the clyde area, this survey was Phase 4 of a 5 phase project. Sea floor data were collected using echosounder. Sub-bottom seismic profiling data were collected using Pinger and Sparker. These records are archived by BGS. Details of the survey are contained in IGS report 73/9.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1970/1: Irish Sea west of Anglesey (28/01/1970 to 23/02/1970)
Report: Day, GA. 1970. RRS John Murray Cruise 1/70. (IGS Report No 3; 19) Positioning: It is assumed that Main Chain Decca was used athough it is not specifically mentioned in the Cruise Report Echo Sounding: Not mentioned in the cruise report Sonar Systems: Aberystwyth geological sonar and the IGS transit sonar. Poor quality records. Seismic Systems: EG&G sparker system: Mostly operated at 1kJ Gravitymeter: RVU LaCoste and Romberg gravity meter. Magnetometer: Varian magnetometer

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1970/2: Cardigan Bay (18/04/1970 to 14/05/1970)
Report: Day, GA. 1970. Cruise Report for MV Surveyor. MGU Project 70/02. (BGS Report No WB/MG/70/6). Positioning: Main Chain Decca with towed log. Echo Sounding: MS 32 Sonar Systems: No information on the side-scan sonar. Transit sonar also used. Seismic Systems: Sparker System: Little specific information. Prototype Geomechanique sparker array used for latter part of the survey. Most lines run at 1kJ Gravitymeter: LaCoste and Romberg gravity meter. Magnetometer: RVU Barringer magnetometer

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1970/3: Moray Firth and East and south of Orkney (23/05/1970 to 17/06/1970)
Report: Sunderland, J, and Tully, M. 1970. Cruise Report for MV Surveyor. MGU Project 70/03. (IGS Report No 9) Positioning: Main Chain Decca using Decca Type 1844 Type receiver. Coastline corrections were applied to reduce fixed errors when within 0.5 Nm of the coast. Echo Sounding: Kelvin Hughes MS 32 Sonar Systems: EG&G side-scan sonar. Kelvin Hughes Transit sonar also used. Seismic Systems: Sparker System: EG&G sparker system with 263b hydrophone streamer. Most lines run at 1kJ Gravitymeter: LaCoste and Romberg Air Sea gravity meter. Magnetometer: RVU Barringer magnetometer

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1970/4: North Channel (30/08/1970 to 16/10/1970)
Report: Day, GA, and Sunderland, J. 1970. Cruise Report for MV Surveyor, North Channel Survey. MGU Project 70/04. (IGS Report No 13) Positioning: No information provided in the cruise report. Main Chain Decca presumed with coastal coorrections as necessary Echo Sounding: Presumed to be Kelvin Hughes MS 32 Sonar Systems: EG&G side-scan sonar. Transit sonar (Kelvin Hughes?). Seismic Systems: Sparker System: EG&G sparker system with 263b hydrophone streamer and 254 recorder. Most lines run at 1kJ Gravitymeter: Presumed to be LaCoste and Romberg Air Sea gravity meter. Magnetometer: Presumed to be RVU Barringer magnetometer

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1970/5: West and south-west of Barra Head (04/09/1970 to 14/10/1970)
Report: Tully, MC. and Sunderland, J. 1970. Cruise Report for MV Surveyor, Barra Head Area. MGU Project 70/05. (IGS Report No 14) Positioning: Decca Hifix Echo Sounding: Kelvin Hughes MS 32 Sonar Systems: Simrad Sonar. Seismic Systems: Sparker System: EG&G sparker system with 263b hydrophone streamer and 254 recorder. Most lines run at either 1kJ or 2kJ. Gravitymeter: Presumed to be LaCoste and Romberg Air Sea gravity meter. Magnetometer: Varian magnetometer. See also IGS report 73/14.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1970/VV/7: South of Mull and Tiree (26/06/1970 to 11/07/1970)
This geophysical survey is thought to have been carried out by Institute of Geological Sciences now British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place in June to July 1970 in the Tiree area and south of Mull on board the RV Vickers Venturer. The purpose is thought to have been to collect data as part of the UK regional mapping programme. Beach sample data were collected for the marine geology unit UK regional mapping programme. No BGS survey report currently available however reference to other RV Vickers Venturer surveys undertaken by IGS can be found in IGS reports 71/16 and 73/14.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1971/3: Bristol Channel and northern Celtic Sea (14/05/1971 to 07/06/1971)
Report: Tully, MC. 1971. Bristol Channel Cruise Report for MV Researcher. MGU Project 71/03. (IGS Report No 20) Positioning: Decca Mk12 receiver Echo sounding: ORE sub-bottom profiler was used as an echo sounder Sonar systems: Transit sonar (Kelvin Hughes?). Seismic systems: Sparker system: EG&G sparker system with 263b hydrophone streamer and 254 recorder. Most lines run at 1kJ. Also various multi-electrode sparker units were tested Gravity meter: LaCoste and Romberg gravity meter. Magnetometer: Barringer magnetometer

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1971/5: NW Scotland (26/06/1971 to 28/07/1971)
Report: Tully, MC. 1971. Cruise Report for MV Researcher. Regional Geophysical Surveys off NW Scotland. MGU Project 71/05. (IGS Report No 21) Positioning: Decca Hifix and Main Chain no further information Echo sounding: ORE sub-bottom profiler was used as an echo sounder Seismic systems: Airgun system: Bolt airgun with Geomechanique hydrophone Sparker system: EG&G sparker system with 263c hydrophone streamer and 254 recorder. Most lines run at 1kJ. Gravitymeter: LaCoste and Romberg gravity meter. Magnetometer: Barringer magnetometer

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1971/S2: Peach/Tiree (21/08/1971 to 29/08/1971)
This geophysical survey has been carried out by Marine Geophysics Unit of British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place from August to September 1971 in the Sea of the Hebrides area, on board the MV Surveyor. The purpose was to collect data as part of a regional mapping programme. Sea floor data were collected using Transit sonar. In September trials were carried out with a sea bed scintillation probe (SBSP), but no records available. These data are archived by BGS. No survey report currently available.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1971/SV/4: North Scotland and Minch (26/Jun/1971 to 21/Jul/1971)
This geophysical survey has been carried out by Marine Geophysics Unit of British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place from June to July 1971 in the North Scotland and Minch area, on board the MV Surveyor. The purpose was to collect data as part of a regional mapping programme. Sea floor data were collected using Echosounder and Transit sonar. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available, IGS 1971 annual report contains summary.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1972/1: The Wash (10/03/1972 to 18/06/1972)
This marine geophysical survey undertaken by Institute of Geological Sciences (BGS) part funded by the Water Resources Board took place March to June 1972 in The Wash on board the fishing vessel Exact. Sea floor data were collected using a transit sonar. Subsurface data were gathered using a pinger, boomer and sparker , a total of 426.5 miles were covered. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report WB/ MG/72/ 45, details of Wash surveys contained in WB/MG/74/030 and IGS report 78/18.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1972/18: Deep Seismic, Moray Firth (October 1972 and July 1973)
This marine multi-channel geophysical survey commissioned by the British Geological Survey (BGS), acquired by Delta Exploration Inc. and processed by Seiscom Ltd took place October 1972 and July 1973 in the Moray Firth aboard m.v. Caribe Tide. The survey was carried out as part of a regional mapping programme. Data were gathered using the following equipment Navigation: SAT/NAV; Subsurface data were gathered using a gas/airgun (sleeve exploder), 640 km were covered in a grid of 14 lines. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in an Acquisition Report (SO/90/029). Seismic Interpretation Training Package, IGS reports 74/12; 75/11 and BGS Techincal Report WB/92/37 includes data from this survey.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1972/23M: Lizard and Guernsey (20/04/1972 to 03/10/1972)
This geophysical magnetic survey has been carried out by, Institute of Geological Sciences (IGS) now British Geological Survey (BGS) in cooperation with Hydrogrphic Department of the Navy for BGS, the survey took place from spring/summer 1972 in the western English Channel on board the MV Researcher. The purpose was to collect data as part of a regional geophysical survey programme. Details of the survey are contained in IGS Annual Report 1972.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1972/3: English Channel (west of Cherbourg) (14/05/1972 to 15/06/1972)
This marine geophysical survey undertaken by Institute of Geological Sciences (BGS) took place March to June 1972 in the English channel (west of Cherbourg) on board the M.V. Researcher. The survey was carried out as part of the Anglo-French effort to produce geological and geophysical maps of the channel. Data were gathered for Project:72/3 using the following equipment Navigation: Decca Hifix and Main Chain; LaCoste Sea Gravity Meter; Barringer Magnetometer; ORE profiler/precision Echo-Sounder; MS47 Transit Sonar; NERC Data Logger, a total of 3921km were covered. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report WB/ MG/72/33.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1972/4: Northern North Sea (18/06/1972 to 01/08/1972)
This marine geophysical survey undertaken by Institute of Geological Sciences (BGS) took place June to August 1972 in the Northern North Sea on board the M.V. Researcher. The survey was carried out as part of a regional mapping programme. Data were gathered for Project:72/4 using the following equipment Navigation: Decca Hifix and Main Chain; La Coste and Romberg Air-Sea Gravity Meter; Barringer Magnetometer; MS47 Transit Sonar; Edo Western Sub-Bottom Profiler; Sparker, over 8000 km were covered in a grid of 60 lines. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report WB/ MG/72/34.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1972/5: Moray Firth and Sea of Hebrides (02/08/1972 to 15/08/1972)
This marine geophysical survey undertaken by Institute of Geological Sciences (BGS) took place in August 1972 in the Moray Firth and Sea of the Hebrides on board the M.V. Researcher. The survey was carried out as part of a regional mapping programme. Data were gathered for Project:72/5 using the following equipment Loch Ness: MS32 Echo-sounder, Fresh water sparker. Moray Firth: La Coste Gravimeter, 1000J Sparker, MS32 Echo-sounder. Sea of Hebrides: La Coste Gravimeter, Barringer Magnetometer, 2500J Sparker, MS47 Transit Sonar, Edo Western PDR. Blackstones Bank: Refraction, MS32 Echo-sounder. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report WB/ MG/72/35.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1972/6: Malin/Clyde Area (11/08/1972 to 21/08/1972)
This marine geophysical survey undertaken by Institute of Geological Sciences (BGS) took place in August 1972 in the Malin/Clyde areas on board the M.V. Researcher. The survey was carried out as part of a regional mapping programme. Data were gathered for Project:72/6 using the following Navigation: Decca Main Chain; MS32 Echo-sounder; Gravitymeter: La Coste and Romberg - the output was poor, Askania GSS-3 - The meter performed badly in rough seas; Magnetometer; Pinger and Sparker, 1000 nautical miles were covered in a grid of 55 lines. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report WB/ MG/72/37.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1972/7: Sound of Jura and Irish Sea (07/08/1972 to 27/08/1972)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) geophysical survey took place in August 1972 in the Sound of Jura and Irish Sea on board the MV Researcher. The purpose was to conduct gravity meter trials and collect data for UK regional mapping. Subsurface data were gathered using a gravity meter. These data were are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/MG/73/39.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1973/19: SW Approaches between 50N and 51N (26/09/1973 to 31/10/1973)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) geophysical survey took place in September to October 1973 in the SW Approaches and Lizard area on board the TSS Profiler and formed part of the British Geological Survey (BGS) regional mapping project. The main purpose was to compare methods of geophysical profiling and geotechnical testing. Geophysical lines run included Edo Western Echo Sounder & Bridge Echo Sounder, 1000 J sparker, with Geomecanique hydrophone and Huntec recorder, Transit Sonar MS 47, gravimeter and magnetometer. Equipment. Position fixing during the cruise was Decca Main Chain or AMI satellite navigation. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Technical Reports WB/MG/73/46.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1973/2: Deep Seismic: SW Approaches (02/Feb/1973 to 05/Mar/1973)
This marine multi-channel geophysical survey commissioned by the British Geological Survey (BGS), acquired and processed by Seiscom Delta Ltd took place 2nd Februdary to 5th March 1973 in the SW Approaches aboard m.v. Carible Tide. Navigation: Satnav. Sub surface data were gathered using Deltapulse sleeve exploders, 1529km were covered by 9 lines. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in an Acquisition Report.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1973/23M: Lizard (21/03/1973 to 15/06/1973)
Not Entered

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1973/6: SW Approaches (11/05/1973 to 06/06/1973)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place from the May to June in the SW Approaches on board the TSS profiler. The purpose was to collect data for regional survey of the UK continental Shelf. See Survey 1973/7 for the second phase of the project. A total of 6395km over 91 survey lines were collected during 1973/6 (Lines 1-49) and 1973/7 (Lines 50-91) surveys. Sea floor data were collected using echo sounder and transit sonar. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using gravity meter; magnetometer; pinger and sparker. The data were recorded as paper records. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/MG/74/48.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1973/7: SW Approaches (06/06/1973 to 24/06/1973)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in June in the SW Approaches on board the TSS profiler. The purpose was to collect data for regional survey of the UK continental Shelf. See Survey 1973/6 for the first phase of the project. A total of 6395km over 91 survey lines were collected during 1973/6 (Lines 1-49) and 1973/7 (Lines 50-91) surveys. Sea floor data were collected using echo sounder and transit sonar. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using gravity meter; magnetometer; pinger and sparker. The data were recorded as paper records. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/MG/74/48.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1973/PF/18: Radiometric eel trials: Northern Moray Firth (22/Aug/1973 to 02/Sep/1973)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in August/September 1973 in the northern Moray Firth on board the SS Profiler. The purpose was 1. To assess the radiometric eel as a viable piece of offshore research equipment. 2. To ascertain the compatability of the radiometric eel with other routine geophysical equipment, namely sparker, pinger, magnetometer, gravimeter and transit sonar. 3. To survey an area where good geological control already existed (from previous work by CSU II and MGU), with the view to a geological assessment of the radiometric results. Geophysical data were collected using Pinger; Sparker; Gravity and Transit sonar equipment, completed 710km of survey lines. Seabed samples were acquired using a cone dredge, additional geochemical sampling was undertaken on Survey 1973/SF/17. Survey details contained in BGS report WB/MI/73/6C.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1974/1: Irish Sea and West of Scotland (02/07/1974 to 06/07/1974)
Report: McQuillin, R. 1974. Irish Sea and West of Scotland additional geophysics. MGU Project 74/01. (IGS Report No 47) Navigation: Decca Main Chain. Equipment: Bolt Airgun, Barringer Magnetometer, ORE Pinger, EG&G 9 element array, Kelvin Hughes Transit Sonar MS 47 and Huntec recorder. No information on gravimeter or refraction equipment.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1974/15: North of Shetland (13/06/1974 to 11/07/1974)
This geophysical survey has been carried out by, Hydrographic Department of the Ministry of Defence in cooperation with Institute of Geological Sciences (IGS) now British Geological Survey (BGS), the survey took place from June to July 1974 in the northern North Sea on board the HMS Hecla. These purpose was to collect data as a pilot survey in areas of special interest to the Department of Energy and augment existing IGS seismic surveys. Sea floor data were collected using Echo Sounder. Gravimeter and Magnetometer equipment were also used. These data are archived by BGS. Details of the survey are contained in IGS Annual Report 1974.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1974/3: Plymouth Bay (21/06/1974 to 30/06/1974)
This geophysical survey has been carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place in June 1974 in Plymouth Bay area, western English Channel on board the MV Briarthorn. The purpose was to collect data as part of UK regional mapping programme. The main objectives were the completion of gravity coverage between MOD surveys to the south and the coast of Plymouth Bay. Acquisition of sparker data along deep seismic lines. Completion of routine sparker coverage over the IGS 1:250000 Lands End sheet, and the eastern part of the IGS 1:250000 Lizard sheet. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using Sparker. Seabed data were collected using Transit sonar. Gravity and Magnetometer data were recorded. Navigation: Decca Main Chain. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/MG/81/114.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1974/4: Northern North Sea (06/08/1974 to 23/10/1974)
This marine geophysical survey was carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) and engineers from Hunting Surveys Ltd, and IOS Barry. The survey took place in August to October 1974 around Shetland, Orkney and off north west Scotland on board the MV Briarthorn. The purpose was to collect data for UK regional mapping. Sea floor data were collected using Transit Sonar. Subsurface data were gathered using a suite of seismic instruments (airgun, pinger and sparker), plus a gravity meter and a magnetometer. These data were recorded as paper records and are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/MG/74/54.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1974/5: Northern North Sea (27/07/1974 to 18/10/1974)
This marine geophysical survey was carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) and engineers from Hunting Surveys Ltd, Sodera and IOS Barry. The survey took place 27 July to 8 August and 5-18 October 1974 in the Northern North Sea on board the MV Briarthorn. The purpose was to collect data to identify trace reflectors and features observed on deep seismic sections from the project area. Sea floor data were collected using Transit Sonar. Subsurface data were gathered using a suite of seismic instruments (airgun, sparker, pinger and watergun), plus a gravity meter and a magnetometer. These data were recorded as paper records and are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/MG/74/53.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1974/6: SW Approaches (Area between 50N and 52N) (26/04/1974 to 24/06/1974)
Report: Davies, AJ, Mould, AS, Roberts, PR. & Kimber, PD. 1974. Geophysical Surveys in the Celtic Sea Area, MV Briarthorn. MGU Project 74/06. (IGS Report No 52, WB/MG/74/52) Navigation: Decca Main Chain. Equipment: EG&G 9 element spark array with Bolt and Geomechanique hydrophone systems and Huntec recorder. Transit Sonar MS 47. Ship echo-sounder.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1974/BR/2: Pockmark Study, South Forties (09/07/1974 to 26/07/1974)
Report: Dobinson, A. 1975. Survey Data Report South Forties Area July 1974. Continental Shelf Unit II Survey 74/BR/02. MV Briarthorn.(IGS Report No 62, 98, WB/MI/74/12 & 75/3 & UC97). This survey was carried out in conjunction with sampling survey 1974/2.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1974/CH/15: East of Shetland (07/10/1974 to 04/11/1974)
This sampling and geophysical survey has been carried out by, Institute of Geological Sciences (IGS) now British Geological Survey (BGS) in collaboration with other organisations for BGS, the survey took place in November 1974 in the area east of Shetland Islands on board the RRS Challenger. The purpose was to carry out trials of cable-controlled drilling submersible Consub and collect geophysical data for identification of potential drill sites. Sea floor data were collected using echo-sounder and sidescan sonar. These data are archived by BGS. Details of the survey are contained in IGS Annual Report 1974.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1975/6: Brent Area (18/07/1975 to 28/07/1975)
Report: Deegan, SE. 1975. Cruise Report for survey of the Brent area. MV Aqua Star. MGU Project 75/06. (IGS Report No 61) Navigation: Principal fixing method was by Decca Main Chain, Hordaland Hi-fix and IGS Sat/Nav system. Equipment: Nova Scotia Deep Tow Sparker and IGS multi-tip sparker. Edo Western pinger. Atlas Deso echo sounder.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1975/AQ/7: Pockmark Study, Forties (06/07/1975 to 15/07/1975)
Report: Deegan, S.E. 1975. Cruise report for Pockmarks study in the Forties area, 3-16 July 1975. Marine Geology report 75/13, MGU Project 75/07. MGU reports 60, 64 & 98 & UC97.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1975/WH/3: Firth of Forth (27/02/1975 to 10/03/1975)
Report: Owens, R. 1975. Firth of Forth engineering cruise, MV Whitethorn, Continental Shelf Unit II Cruise 75/WH/03. Marine Geology Internal Report 75/08

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1976/1: SW Approaches and English Channel (09/06/1976 to 02/08/1976)
Report: Deegan, SE. 1976. Cruise Report on Project 76/01. SW Approaches and English Channel. (IGS Report No 83) Navigation: Magnavox integrated satellite navigation/doppler sonar system, back-up control was from the Decca Navigator Mk 12. Equipment: Atlas Deso 10 and Edig 10 echo sounder, Askania GSS-3 gravity meter, Edo Pinger, EG&G 9 candle spark array, Klein Dual Scan Sonar System and BP Sonar System. No information on magnetometer. The first objective was to survey seven proposed borehole sites with sparker and pinger. These sites were to the north-west of Scilly. During leg 2 it became necessary to survey additional sites to the south-west of the Lizard. The second objective was a regional marine geophysical survey of the 1:250000 Scilly sheet, which would include the use of gravity meter, magnetometer, sparker, pinger and sonar.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1976/3: Forties (06/08/1976 to 17/08/1976)
This geophysical survey has been carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) formerly Institute of Geological Sciences (IGS) in collaboration with British Petroleum (BP) for pockmark investigation, the survey took place in August 1976 in the Northern North Sea on board the MV Locator. The purpose was to collect data as part of a Pockmark study. Sea floor data were collected using Echo Sounder and BP sidescan sonar. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using Deep Tow Boomer and Pinger, These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/MG/79/88 and WB/MG/77/81.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1976/4: North Sea (12/10/1976 to 24/11/1976)
Report: Deegan, SE. 1978. Gravity Survey of the North Sea on MV Sperus. MGU Project 76/04. (IGS Report No 88)

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1976/8: Deep Seismic, SW Approaches
Multichannel airgun survey carried out in the SW Approaches during October 1976; March, April, December 1977. Coverage 2564Km.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1977/1: Deep Seismic: Bournemouth Bay (01/Jan/1977 to 28/Feb/1977)
During the period 31 January 1977 to 15th February 1977 approximately 490km of subsurface data in UK blocks 97 and 98 (Bournemouth Bay) were acquired for The Institute of Geological Sciences (BGS) by S & A Geophysical Ltd and subsequently processed by them at their Swanley, England processing centre. survey vessel: M/V Oil Hunter.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1977/2: North Sea (9/04/1977 to 05/10/1977)
Report: Deegan, SE. 1978. Gravity survey of the North Sea, north of 54N on MV Sperus. MGU Project 77/02. (IGS Report No 77, 89)

Report: Deegan, SE. 1977. Regional Geophysical Survey of Northern North Seaon MV Sperus. MGU Project 77/07. (IGS Report No 85)

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1978/2: North Sea (18/04/1978 to 27/08/1978)
Report: Armstrong, EJ. 1978. Cruise Report for Project 78/02, Legs 1-3. North Sea Gravity Survey. (IGS Report No 90) Armstrong, EJ. 1978. Cruise Report for Project 78/02, Legs 4-7. North Sea Gravity Survey. (IGS Report No 93)

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1978/4: SW Approaches (24/05/1978 to 12/07/1978)
Report: Armstrong, EJ. 1978. Cruise Report for Project 78/04. SW Approaches Regional Survey. (IGS Report No 92). The four legs comprising this project were designed to extendthe regional survey of the SW Approaches to the south and west of the Scilly Isles out to the Continental Shelf edge. The survey was to be carried out using shallow seismic, gravity and megnetic techniques on a skewed 7km by 12.5km grid. Due to lack of time, this program was slightly modified.

Report: Armstrong,EJ. 1979. Cruise Report on Project 79/12. A Regional Survey in the South West Approaches, MV Sperus. (IGS Report No 99). The two legs of this survey were designed to infill the regional coverage obtained in 1978 and to run a number of lines on the Haig Fras sheet of IGS 1:250000 map series, using shallow seismic profiling, gravity and magnetic mwthods. In addition, a detailed survey of part of the area was to be run using the Huntec Deep Tow Boomer system.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1979/14: Shetland (10/07/1979 to 14/08/1979)
Report: Armstrong, EJ. 1979. Cruise Report for Project 79/14, West Shetland and Project 79/15, Bosies Bank. (IGS Report No 101). Project 79/14 was designed to provide regional geophysical coverage of the Foula sheet, of the IGS 1:250000 map series, on a N-S, E-W grid of lines at approximately 15km by 9 km spacing. A number of gravity lines were also to be run over the Orkney sheet to complete gravity coverage in that area. In addition, some regional geophysical lines were to be surveyed on the Halibut Bank sheet after a study of the FLAGS pipeline route with the Huntec deep tow boomer. The watergun provided superior records to those of the airgun giving resolution comparable to the sparker in fair weather, down to 800ms of sediments. Up to 400ms penetration was achieved by the sparker, while the boomer provided good resolution in the shallow section. In depths less than 300m the transit sonar was used.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1979/15: Bosies Bank (15/08/1979 to 03/09/1979)
Report: Armstrong, EJ. 1979. Cruise Report for Project 79/14, West Shetland and Project 79/15, Bosies Bank. (IGS Report No 101). The aim of Project 79/15 was completion of regional geophysical coverage of the Bosies Bank sheet, of the IGS 1:250000 map series, on a grid ot NS-EW lines at approximately 10km by 10km spacing. Early in leg 1 the deep tow boomer failed and was out of operation for two days. The sparker results obtained were of good quality, as were those from the deep tow boomer when it was redeployed. The deep tow boomer, 1kJ sparker, transit sonar and watergun were run on all lines in leg 2, until maintenance on the watergun necessitated replacing it with a 40 cu.in. airgun. Both the airgun and watergun achieved up to 0.7s penetration. Pinger results were generally inferior to the boomer except in good weather and so were not used on all lines.

Report: Armstrong, EJ. 1979. Cruise Report for Project 79/02 and Project 79/16. (IGS Report No 100). Project 79/16 was run with the aim of providing shallow seismic control over a number of sites due to be drilled later in 1979. The sparker and deep tow boomer gave good resolution and penetration down to 100msec and 25msec respectively.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1979/17: Deep Seismic; Northern North Sea (1/Nov/1979 to 27/Nov/1979 and 01/Feb/1980 to 14/Feb/1980)
This high resolution marine multi-channel seismic survey commissioned by the Institute of Geological Sciences on behalf of Department of Energy took place in the Northern North Sea during 1st-27th November 1979 (Phase 1) aboard MV Aqua Star and 1st-14th February 1980 (Phase2) aboard Gardline Tracker. Phase 1 (Lines 1-5) was carried out by Fairfield Auatronics Ltd and Phase 2 (lines 5B-9) by Gardline surveys Ltd. Line coverage total 445km (Phase1 - 180km; Phase 2 - 265km). Sea floor data were collected using Echo sounder. Subsurface seismic data were gathered using a 9/15KJ sparker and line 4, Fairflex sleeve exploder. Survey details are contained in Fairfield and gardline acquisition reports and BGS technical report WB/MG/81/124.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1979/2: Southern North Sea (27/04/1979 to 03/07/1979)
Report: Armstrong, EJ. 1979. Cruise Report for Project 79/02 and Project 79/16. (IGS Report No 100).

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1980/1: Southern North Sea (21/04/1980 to 30/06/1980)
Report (WB/MG/80/103): Brett, CP. 1980. Cruise Report on Project 80/01 (4 phases, gap between 5-18 June). A Regional Geophysical Survey in the Southern North Sea. (IGS Report No 103). The primary objectives were to complete the geophysical survey of the Indefatigable and Spurn sheets of the IGS 1:250000 map series, and to re-run several line surveyed in 1979 (Project 79/02) on the Flemish Bight sheet. A secondary objective was to run one line along a proposed pipeline route on the California sheet.

Report: Brett, CP. 1980. Cruise Report on Project 80/11. A Gravity and Magnetic Survey in the Northern North Sea. (IGS Report No 106) Navigation: Magnavox satellite navigation system integrated with MX610/MX600 doppler sonar and Arma Brown Mk I Mod 5 gyro compass. Decca Mk 21 Main Chain - optional integration with above. Equipment: Atlas Deso 10 echo sounder with hull mounted transducers (33 and 210KHz) and Edig 10 digitiser unit. LaCoste & Romberg S75 air-sea gravity meter. World Wide land gravity meter for base ties. Barringer proton magnetometer. The objective was to resurvey the Peterhead and Forties sheets of the IGS 1:250000 map series. The area had been surveyed previously in 1972 (MGU Project 73/04, IGS Report No 34). During the 1972 cruise there were considerable technical problems with the gravity meter and much of the data were of only moderate quality. Since 1972, subsequent surveys in adjacent areas further emphasised the inadequacies of the data and it became apparent that the area needed to be completely resurveyed.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1980/2: Eastern English Channel (06/06/1980 to 16/06/1980)
Report: Brett, CP. 1980. Cruise Report on Project 80/02. A Geophysical Survey in the Eastern English Channel. (IGS Report No 104). The main objectives were to delineate the area of Jurassic rocks and other major boundaries to enable them to be tied to previous surveys made for a cross channel power cable from Dungeness to Equihen. The survey also formed a basis for the Dungeness-Boulogne sheet of the IGS 1:250000 map series.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1980/3: UK central North Sea between 56 and 59 degrees N (07/07/1980 to 07/09/1980)
Report: Brett, CP. 1980. Cruise report on Project 80/03. A regional geophysical survey in the northern North Sea. (IGS Report No 105)

Report: Brett, CP. 1981. Cruise Report on Project 81/03. A Regional Geophysical Survey in the Southern North Sea. (IGS Report No 119) The primary objective was to complete the geophysical survey of the Tyne-Tees, California and Silver Well sheets of the IGS 1:250000 map series in advance of bottom sampling programme.

Report: Brett, CP. 1981. Cruise Report on Project 81/04. A Regional Geophysical Survey in the Northern North Sea. (IGS Report No 120) The primary objectives were to survey the Fladen sheet area of the IGS 1:250000 map series and to run seven north-south lines to complete the coverage of the Forties and Cod shhet areas. A secondary objective was to complete a gravity survey.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1981/5: Eastern English Channel (20/08/1981 to 19/09/1981)
Report: Brett, CP. 1981. Operations Report on Project 81/05. A Geophysical Survey in the Eastern English Channel. (IGS Report No 121) There were two objectives of this project, the first being to complete the regional survey of the Dungeness-Boulogne sheet of the IGS 1:250000 map series. The second objective was to carry out a gravity and megnetic survey in the Caen and Rouen sheets, in order to complete the gravity coverage of the entire English Channel. A secondary objective was to run a few isolated gravity lines in Bournemouth Bay and off Dartmouth to fill in small gaps in the existing data.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1981/6: Bristol Channel & SW Approaches (21/09/1981 to 29/09/1981)
Report: Brett, CP. 1981. Operations report on Project 81/06. A Regional Geophysical Survey in the Bristol Channel and South West Approaches. (IGS Report No 122) The objectives of this survey were to fill in gaps in the previously surveyed areas in the Bristol Channel and Nymphe Bank sheets of the IGS 1:250000 map series.

Report: Brett, CP. 1982. Operations report on project 82/03, a regional geophysical survey in the southern North Sea. (IGS Report No 129)

Report: Brett, CP. 1982. Operations report on project 82/04, a regional geophysical survey in the northern North Sea. (IGS Report No 130)

Report: Brett, CP. 1984. Operations Report on Project 83/03. A Regional Geophysical Survey in the southern North Sea. (IGS Report No 136). The primary objective was to survey areas of the Dogger and Silver Well sheets of the BGS 1:250,000 map series.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1983/4: Northwest of Scotland & Minches (13/06/1983 to 16/08/1983)
Report: Brett, CP. 1984. Operations Report on Project 83/04. A Regional Geophysical Survey off the Northwest of Scotland. (IGS Report No 137). The primary objective was to survey areas of the Lewis and Sutherland sheets of the BGS 1:250,000 map series. A secondary objective was drawn up for the Minches area, as a poor weather alternative.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1983/5: Irish Sea & English Channel (12/08/1983 to 30/08/1983)
Report: Brett, CP. 1984. Operations Report on Project 83/05. Gravity and Magnetic Survey along WINCH and SWAT Lines and Regional Geophysical Survey in the Western English Channel. (IGS Report No 138). The primary objectives were to acquire gravity and magnetics data along the WINCH and SWAT seismic lines of the British Institutions' Reflection Profiling Syndicate (BIRPS), and to survey over suspected thrusts in the basement of the English Channel close to the South Cornish Coast. A secondary objective was to run infill gravity lines in the English Channel.

Report: Brett, CP. 1984. Operations Report on Project 83/06. A Regional Geophysical Survey in the Southern North Sea. (IGS Report No 139). The primary objective was to survey areas of the Thames Estuary and Ostend sheets of the BGS 1:250,000 map series.

Report: Brett, CP. 1984. Operations Report on Projects 84/02 and 84/03 Regional Geophysical Surveys in the Southern North Sea, and Project 84/04, a Short Gravity Survey in Norwegian Waters. (IGS Report No 151). The primary objective was to survey aines in Belgian and Dutch waters.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1984/3: Central North Sea (28/04/1984 to 06/05/1984)
Report: Brett, CP. 1984. Operations Report on Projects 84/02 and 84/03 Regional Geophysical Surveys in the Southern North Sea, and Project 84/04, a Short Gravity Survey in Norwegian Waters. (IGS Report No 151)

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1984/4: Norwegian Waters (08/05/1984 to 09/05/1984)
Report: Brett, CP. 1984. Operations Report on Projects 84/02 and 84/03 Regional Geophysical Surveys in the Southern North Sea, and Project 84/04, a Short Gravity Survey in Norwegian Waters. (IGS Report No 151)

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1984/5: North of Shetland (16/05/1984 to 25/06/1984)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in May to June 1984 to the west of the Hebrides on board the MV Gorsethorn. The purpose was to collect data as part of the UK continental shelf survey programme. The objective was to survey the Miller and Flett map sheets and part of the Foula sheet. Sea floor data were collected using Echosounder and Sidescan Sonar. Sub-bottom seismic profiling data were collected using Airgun, Deep-tow Boomer, Pinger, Sparker and Deep-tow Sparker. Gravity and Magnetometer data were recorded. These records are archived by BGS. No survey report currently available.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1984/6: Northwest of Scotland (26/06/1984 to 19/08/1984)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in June to August 1984 to the west of the Hebrides on board the MV Gorsethorn. The purpose was to collect data as part of the UK continental shelf survey programme. The objective was to survey the St. Kilda sheet and part of the Little Minch sheet. Sea floor data were collected using echosounder and sidescan sonar. Sub-bottom seismic profiling data were collected using Airgun, Pinger and Sparker. Gravity and Magnetometer data were recorded. These records are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey data are contained in BGS report WB/89/6R.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1985/1: Northern North Sea (18/Apr/1985 to 07/Aug/1985)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in April and July-August 1985 in and around Fair Isle, Bosies Bank and the Outer Moray Firth on board the MV Gorsethorn. The purpose was to collect data as part of the UK continental shelf survey programme. Sea floor data were collected using echosounder. Sub-bottom seismic profiling data were collected using Airgun; Sparker; Pinger and Deep-tow Boomer. Gravity and Magnetometer data were recorded.These records are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/89/7R.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1985/2: North Sea, Forties/Norway (17/Apr/1985 to 30/Jul/1985)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in April and July 1985 in the North Sea on board the MV Gorsethorn. The purpose was to collect data as part of the UK continental shelf survey programme. The objectives were to investigate igneous bodies in the Forties area and acquire gravity and magnetic data along BIRPS deep seismic lines. Sea floor data were collected using echosounder. Gravity and Magnetometer data were recorded. These records are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/89/8R.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1985/3: West Hebrides (29/Apr/1985 to 19/May/1985)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in April and May 1985 to the west of the Hebrides on board the MV Gorsethorn. The purpose was to collect data as part of the UK continental shelf survey programme. The objective was to survey the St. Kilda sheet and part of the Little Minch sheet. Sea floor data were collected using echosounder and Transit Sonar. Sub-bottom seismic profiling data were collected using Airgun/Water gun, Pinger and Sparker. Gravity and Magnetometer data were recorded. These records are archived by BGS. Techical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/89/6R.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1985/4: Minch (07/May/1985 to 26/Jul/1985)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in May to July 1985 in the Minches on board the MV Gorsethorn. The purpose was to collect data as part of the UK continental shelf survey programme. The objectives were a gravity survey of the Minches and a number of high resolution seismic profiles. Sea floor data were collected using echosounder and Transit Sonar. Sub-bottom seismic profiling data were collected using Pinger and Sparker. Gravity data were also recorded. These records are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey data processing are contained in BGS report WB/89/9R.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1985/5: North East Atlantic (20/May/1985 to 24/May/1985)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in May 1985 in the NE Rockall Trough on board the MV Gorsethorn. The purpose was to collect data as part of the UK continental shelf survey programme. The objectives were to acquire gravity, magnetic and shallow airgun data along the tracks of earlier deep seismic lines. Sea floor data were collected using echosounder. Sub-bottom seismic profiling data were collected using Airgun and Sparker (test lines). Gravity and Magnetometer data were also recorded. These records are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/89/10R.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1985/6: Peach (26/May/1985 to 29/Jun/1985)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in May and June 1985 to the west of Scotland on board the MV Gorsethorn. The purpose was to collect data as part of the UK continental shelf survey programme. The main objective was to survey part of the Peach sheet. Sea floor data were collected using echosounder and transit sonar. Sub-bottom seismic profiling data were collected using Airgun/Water gun; Pinger; Sparker and surface tow Boomer. Gravity and Magnetometer data were recorded. These records are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/89/11R.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1985/7: NW Continental Margin (29/Jun/1985 to 09/Jul/1985)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in May and June 1985 in the NW continental margin on board the MV Gorsethorn. The purpose was to collect data as part of the UK continental shelf survey programme. The main objective was to survey a series of deep-tow boomer/sparker profiles down the West Hebridean and West Shetland slopes. Sea floor data were collected using echosounder; deep-tow sidescan sonar and transit sonar. Sub-bottom seismic profiling data were collected using pinger; deep-tow boomer and deep-tow sparker. Gravity data were recorded. These records are archived by BGS. Details of the survey data processing are contained in BGS report WB/89/12R.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1985/8: Dogger, North Sea (08/Aug/1985 to 10/Aug/1985)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in August 1985 in the North Sea, Dogger area on board the MV Gorsethorn. The purpose was to collect data as part of the UK continental shelf survey programme. The main objective was to conduct a detailed channel study on the Dogger sheet. Sea floor data were collected using echosounder and transit sonar. Sub-bottom seismic profiling data were collected using airgun; pinger; deep-tow boomer and sparker. These records are archived by BGS. Details of the survey data processing are contained in BGS report WB/89/13R.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1988/1: Great Yarmouth (28/04/1988 to 29/04/1988)
Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Report BGS Marine Report 88/18. Report: Brett, CP. 1988. Operation Report for Project 88/01: A Shallow Seismic Survey off Great Yarmouth.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1989/6: Suffolk Inshore (16/07/1989 to 18/07/1989)
This geophysical survey has been carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place in July 1989 off the coast of East Anglia on board the MV Shorething. The purpose was to collect data as part of the UK mapping programme for 1:50k special sheets. Sea floor data were collected using echosounder. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using surface tow boomer and sidescan sonar. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1990/CD54: Irish Sea (19/Dec/1990 to 21/Dec/1990)
This geophysical survey has been carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS), the survey took place in December 1990 in the Irish Sea on board the RRS Charles Darwin. The purpose was to collect gravity data as part of the UK continental shelf survey programme at the start of a University of Cambridge cruise. Sea floor data were collected using echo sounder. Gravity and magnetic data were acquired. These data are archived by BGS. BGS Survey mentioned in University of Cambridge OCEAN site survey cruise (CD54/90) report on BODC website. No BGS survey report currently available.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1991/3: UK Block 15/25 and Skagerrak (15/07/1991 to 29/07/1991)
This geophysical survey has been carried out by, British Geological Survey (BGS), the survey took place in July 1991 in the North Sea on board the RRS Challenger. The purpose was to collect data to investigate gas-leakage phenomena from pockmarks in the North Sea. Sea floor data were collected using Sidescan Sonar. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using Deep Tow Boomer. These data were recorded digitally and are archived by BGS.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1992/2: Barra Fan (05/07/1992 to 06/07/1992)
This marine geophysical survey took place from 05/07/92 – 06/07/92 in the area of the Barra Fan on board the RV Kommandor Michael. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS), Marine Biological Association and Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory. The aim of the survey was to investigate the source and fate of methane in marine sediments. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were collected using a Deep Tow Boomer. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details are contained in BGS Report WB/92/27. Report: Dobinson, A. 1992. Barra Fan Project: Geophysical Operations Report - Project 92/02, https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/529922/. GeoIndex Offshore -

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1992/4: Cardigan Bay (14/09/1992 to 21/09/1992)
Technical detail are contained in BGS Report WB/92/23. Equipment: Gravity; Magnetometer & Echo sounder. Report: Day, GA. 1992. Charles Darwin Cruise 72A: Cardigan Bay Survey: Barry to Pembroke Dock, September 16-21 1992.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1993/1: East Anglia (27/05/1993 to 09/06/1993)
Technical details are contained in BGS Report WB/93/30 Report: Brett, CP. 1993. LOEPS Shallow Seismic Survey Operations Report: Project 93/01.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1993/3: Skagerrak, Faeroe/Shetland Channel, Spitsbergen Bank, Barrent Sea. (28/09/1993 to 25/10/1993)
This marine geophysical survey 1993/3 (M26/2) took place from September to October 1993 in the Skagerrak, Faeroe/Shetland Channel, Spitsbergen Bank, Barrent Sea areas, aboard German research vessel MV Meteor. The British Geological Survey (BGS) provided the Deep Tow Boomer to acquire high resolution seismic profiling around the Storegga Slide as part of their contribution to the Gas and Water Seepage on the Continental Margin (SEEP) scientific programme. These data were archived by BGS. Details of the survey are contained in Meteor-Berichte report No.94-4. http://doi.pangaea.de/10.2312/cr_m26.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1993/4: Storegga Slide; ENAM (01/11/1993 to 08/11/1993)
This geophysical survey has been carried out by, British Geological Survey (BGS), the survey took place from 1 to 8 November 1993 in the Storegga Slide area, off Norway on board the RV Meteor. These purpose was to collect data as part of their contribution to the ENAM programme,. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using Deep Tow Boomer. These data were recorded digitally SEGY and are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/93/38. Report: Evans, D, Brett, CP and Wallis, D. 1993. Meteor 26/3 Cruise Report: Operations and Interpretation of BGS Deep-Tow Boomer Profiles in the Storegga Slide: An ENAM Project,

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1994/4: The Wash (23/09/1994 to 29/09/1994)
Report: Brett, CP. 1994. LOEPS Wash Shallow Seismic Survey Operations Report: Project 94/04. BGS Technical Report WB/94/38 Surface Tow Boomer with TSS 360 Processor.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1995/2: The Wash (25/07/1995 to 01/08/1995)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) survey took place in July/August 1995) in the Wash on board the Greyhound Tracker. Technical details are contained in BGS Report WB/95/36. Report: Brett, CP. 1995. LOEPS Shallow Seismic Survey, Wash, N. Norfolk, Humber Operations Report: Project 95/02.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1996/4: Voring Plateau; ENAM II (21/07/1996 to 17/08/1996)
This marine geophysical survey took place in July/August 1996 in the area of Voring Plateau, off Norway on board the Meteor (Cruise 36/3). Sub seafloor seismic data were collecte using a Deep Tow Boomer. Technical details are contained in BGS Report WB/96/28. Report: Evans, D, Wallis, DG and Campbell, NC. 1996. High Resolution Seismic Surveys in the Region of the Traendjupet Slide off mid-Norway: Meteor Cruise 36/3.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 1999/3: Coastal and Estuary Evolution (25/10/1999 to 29/10/1999)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in October 1999 in the Mersey Estuary aboard the Environment Agency vessel Goastal Guardian. The purpose was to gather data which could be used in Coastal and Estuary Evolution studies. Sea-floor data were collected using an echosounder and a sidescan sonar. Subsurface seismic data were gathered using a surface tow boomer. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/00/02.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 2001/1: UKCS north of 62N (25/06/2001 to 25/07/2001)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in June/July 2001 in the UK designated area north of 62N aboard the RSS Discovery (Cruise D254). The purpose was to gather data which could be used to map the regional geology of the area. A total of 3329 km of generally good quality data were collected in a grid of 24 survey tracks. Sea floor data were collected using an echo-sounder. Subsurface data were gathered using a suite of seismic instruments (airgun, sparker, pinger), plus a gravity meter and a magnetometer. Most of the data were recorded digitally, but paper records were generated also. The data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report IR/01/178.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 2002/1: Mapping of UK Continental Shelf (D265): North of 62N (01/Sep/2002 to 23/Sep/2002)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in September 2002 on the UK Continental Shelf north of 62N on board the RRS Discovery. This field operation was the second part of the programme to complete mapping of the area. Subsurface seismic data were collected using an airgun, multi-tip spark array and a sub-bottom profiler. Gravity data, magnetometer data and data from a hydrographic echo sounder were also collected. Most of the data were recorded digitally, but paper records were generated also. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report IR/02/198.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 2008/2: Beauforts Dyke - North Channel (11/May/2008 to 18/May/2008)
This marine geophysical survey of Beaufort's Dyke, North Channel took place in May 2008 aboard the RV Corystes. The British Geological Survey were invited to participate in the survey by AFBI (Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute). Subsequent additions to the AFBI programme allowed BGS to run seismic over the Pisces Reef in the northwest Irish Sea and off the Antrim coast. The purpose was to gather data which could be used to provide seismic profiling of features identified on the multibeam bathymetry data to aid interpretation. Three areas were surveyed and good quality data were collected in 35 survey tracks. Subsurface seismic data were gathered by using a sparker. The data were recorded digitally, but paper records were generated also. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report IR/08/38. GeoIndex Offshore -

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 2008/3: Cape Farewell, Western Greenland, Disko Bugt (26/Sep/2008 to 06/Oct/2008)
The British Geological Survey (BGS) were invited to participate in an Arts & Science cruise organised by the Cape Farewell charity, and carried out a geophysical survey in September - October 2008 in the Disko Bugt area of Western Greenland, on board the Grigory Mikheev. The purpose was to obtain sub-bottom profiles across modern active and ancient glacial features, to investigate the sequence stratigraphy laid down by large ice streams during the last glacial, and more modern sedimentary processes active in the interglacial. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were gathered by BGS using a surface tow Sparker. Most of the data were recorded digitally, but paper records were generated also. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report IR/08/077.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 2009/1: Coastal and Estuarine Evolution - Sheppey: Thames/Medway (09/Mar/2009 to 13/Mar/2009)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in March 2009 in the Medway & Swale Estuaries on board the Medway Surveyor. The purpose was to obtain the data necessary for the Coastal Evolution of the Medway & Swale estuary targeting the Holocene thickness and distribution of sediments within the Paleo Valley. Sea floor data were collected using a ODOM Echotrac III run by Peel Ports. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were gathered by BGS using a surface tow boomer. Most of the data were recorded digitally, but paper records were generated also. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report OR/09/014.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical Survey 2014/3: Loch Lomond (28/May/2014 to 23/Jul/2014)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in Loch Lomond on board the RV White Ribbon. The aim was the analysis of glacial geomorphology and activity within the area, and sedimentary signals from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to present day. The survey took place over 3 periods using 3 different seismic systems for comparison. Phase 1: 28 -30 May 2014 - Knudsen Pinger system, Phase 2: 10-16 July 2014 - Edgetech 3100 216s Chirp system and Phase 3: 21-23 July 2014 - Applied Acoustics surface tow boomer. This survey data complements multibeam bathymetry data acquired on survey 2007/8. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in the BGS Report of Survey.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical, Multibeam and Sampling Survey 2007/7 (JC015): Hatton Bank, Rosemary Bank, Summer Isles and Hebrides Shelf (12/Sep/2007 to 13/Oct/2007)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical, multibeam and sampling survey took place between the 10th September and 13th October 2007 in the areas of Moray Firth, Summer Isles, Nun Rock, Mingulay, Flannan, Loch Hourn, Loch Linnhe, Loch Nevis and island of Muck on board the RRS James Cook. The aim of the cruise was to collect sea-bed samples using the BGS 15m rock drill, BGS 6m vibrocorer, BGS gravity corer and site specific multibeam bathymetry and seismic data. The vessel was fitted with two multibeam echosounder systems (EM120 and EM710) and a sub-bottom seismic profiler system (Simrad SBP120). All of the data were recorded digitally and are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report IR/08/004 ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/507376/).

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysical, Multibeam and Sampling Survey 2011/3: North Channel & Hebrides: (17/Apr/2011 to 05/May/2011)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine multibeam, geophysical and sampling survey took place in April/May 2013 onboard the RRS James Cook. Data was collected from the North-Western Approaches area, incorporating the Sea of the Hebrides, Malin Sea and North Channel region, and extending landwards into sea lochs, including Loch Linnhe and Loch Scavaig. Sea-bed samples were collected using 15m rock drill, vibrocorer and piston corer. Sub-bottom seismic profiling data were gathered using the SBP120 installed in the RRS James Cook. MSCL data was measured by the University of Leicester. Most of the acoustic data were recorded digitally, but paper records were generated also. In additional to the initial work plan, a multibeam bathymetry dataset was acquired from the Sound of Kilbrannan. All the samples are archived by BGS except six piston core working halves were taken by Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS) for further study. Technical details of the survey are contained in the BGS Report of Survey.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Geophysics Survey 1971/4: Brest to Scilly Isles (gravity/magnetics), northern Irish Sea (refraction), Malin Sea (gravity) and off Skye (refraction) (08/06/1971
Report: Bacon, M. 1971. Irish Sea Refraction Experiments. MGU Project 71/04. (IGS Report No 19) Positioning: Presumed to be Decca Mainchain Echo sounding: No information but may have been ORE sub-bottom profiler as on previous cruise 71/03. Seismic systems: Refraction ICI Aquaseis was the explosive source with UEL sonobuoys. No digital navigation data for this. Gravitymeter: LaCoste and Romberg gravity meter. Magnetometer: Barringer magnetometer

British Geological Survey (BGS) Multibeam and Geophysical Survey 2014/4: East Coast Amble (26/Aug/2014 to 05/Sep/2014)
This marine multibeam and geophysical survey took place from 26 August – 5 September 2014 in the area of the North East coast of England near Craster on board the RV White Ribbon. The survey was carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) in collaboration with English Heritage and Wessex Archaeology. The aim of the survey was understanding submerged palaeo-environments in the southern North Sea: Pathways and timescales of hominin colonisation. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were collected using an Edgetech 216S chirp system. These data are archived by BGS and are available for download. Multibeam bathymetry data can be accessed via the UKHO Bathy DAC, Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Report of Survey.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Multibeam and Geophysical Survey 2015/2: Sullom Voe, Shetland (13/Apr/2015 to 27/Apr/2015)
This marine multibeam and geophysical survey took place from 13-04-15 to 27-04-15 in the area of Sullom Voe, Shetland on board the RV White Ribbon. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS) on behalf of the BGS Marine team. The aim of the survey was to look at glacial history of the UK and records of marine geohazards (tsunamis). Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were collected using an Edgetech 216s CHIRP. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in the BGS Report of Survey.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Multibeam and Sampling Survey 2011/2: Firth of Lorn north (15/Feb/2011 to 05/Mar/2011)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine multibeam and sampling survey took place over two separate periods (15-18 February and 24 February - 5 March 2011) in an area at the northern tip of the Firth of Lorne, Oban Bay on board the Northern Lighthouse Board vessel NLV Pole Star. Sea floor data were collected using an EM3002D multibeam system. Sea bed sample data were collected using a shipek grab. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in the BGS Report of Survey.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Multibeam Survey 2007/4: Estuarine Contamination, Firth of Clyde (03/Mar/2007 to 19/Mar/2007)
This marine multibeam survey took place in March 2007 in the Firth of Clyde on board the vessel Remote Sensor. The survey was carried out by Aspect Land & Hydrographic Surveys on behalf of the British Geological Survey (BGS). Multibeam bathymetry data was collected using a Simrad EM3002D. These data are archived by BGS.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Multibeam Survey 2007/8: Loch Lomond (05/Nov/2007 to 15/Feb/2008)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine multibeam survey took place between November 2007 and February 2008 in on board the Loch Lomond and Trossachs National Park's solar-powered catamaran, the 'Bata Greine'. The aim of the survey was to obtain detailed bathymetry of the loch floor to be used in a new navigational guide and to acquire morphological data for use in interpretations of the glacial history of the region. As the survey was the first opportunity to use the newly-acquired BGS multibeam system, part of the objective was to provide training for BGS staff in the acquisition and processing of MBES data. These data are archived by BGS.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Multibeam Survey 2008/1: Liverpool & Tremadog Bays (04/May/2008 to 20/May/2008)
This marine multibeam survey took place in May 2008 in Liverpool & Tremadog Bays on board the RV Prince Madog. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS) and Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory (POL). These data are archived by BGS.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Multibeam Survey 2010/6: Loch Eriboll (09/Aug/2010 to 20/Aug/2010)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine multibeam survey took place in August 2010 in Loch Eriboll on board the RV White Ribbon. The aim was improve the geological understanding of the area and the interpretation of various sedimentary processes active on the seafloor. Loch Eriboll has played an important role in naval warfare and it is believed much material, including several vessels, has ended up on the floor of the loch. Having an accurate map of such obstacles can be used to update the archaeological records and mean better marine spatial planning for future users including aquaculture. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report IR/11/038.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Multibeam Survey 2010/8: SW of Little Cumbrae island (09/Sep/2010 to 09/Sep/2010)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in September 2010 in the area SW of Little Cumbrae Island, Scotland on board the RV White Ribbon. The purpose was to contribute to the geological interpretations for the Marine Environmental Mapping Programme (MAREMAP) and the Clyde Basin Project. Multibeam bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D. The data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in survey operations documentation.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Multibeam Survey 2010/9: Determination of lakebed habitats and sub-lakebed processes, Lake Windermere (18/Sep/2010 to 27/Sep/2010)
This joint British Geological Survey (BGS) and National Oceanography Centre, Southampton (NOCS) marine multibeam and geophysical survey took place in September 2010 in Lake Windermere on board the RV White Ribbon. The purpose was to produce a bathymetric map of the lake, in a bid to determine the late glacial and post glacial processes, using sediments from within Windermere and identification of lakebed habitats. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. These data are archived by BGS.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Multibeam Survey 2013/8: Belfast Lough and Belfast Harbour (29/Jul/2013 to 13/Aug/2013)
This marine multibeam survey took place in July/August 2013 in the area of Belfast Lough and Belfast Harbour on board the RV White Ribbon. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS) in collaboration with the Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute (AFBI) and Belfast Harbour authority. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in the Report of Survey.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Multibeam Survey 2015/4 Tyne Catchment Project: Belhaven, Dunbar (15/Jun/2015 to 23/Jun/2015)
This marine multibeam survey took place from 15/06/2015 - 23/06/2015 in the area off Belhaven Beach near Dunbar, The Lothians, on board the RV White Ribbon. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS) on behalf of BGS. The aim of the project was to survey the near-shore region at Belhaven Bay to establish the extent of the sand shore face below low tide. The survey forms part of the Tyne Catchment Project, which aims to understand the dynamics of sediment sourcing, mobilisation, transport and deposition in the catchment of the East Lothian Tyne. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in the BGS Report of Survey.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Multibeam Survey: Isle of May continuation (20/May/2013 to 04/Jun/2013)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine multibeam survey took place in May/June 2013 in the area of Isle of May, Anstruther and the Firth of Forth on board the RV White Ribbon. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS). Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. This programme of survey follows on from survey efforts around Isle of May during May/June of 2012 (BGS Survey 2012_6_Defra). These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in the BGS Report of Survey IR/13/031.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling and Geophysical Survey 1967/OF/1: Irish Sea (17/Aug/1967 to 28/Sep/1967)
This marine sampling and geophysical survey was carried out by George Wimpey & Co for British Geological Survey (BGS), the survey took place from the 17 August to 28 September 1967 in the northeast Irish Sea on board the M.V. Olna Firth. The purpose was to collect data for investigation of the British Continental Shelf. Sea floor data were collected using Echo sounder and Transit sonar (transits between sample stations). Sample data were collected using rockdrill, vibracorer, gravity corer and shipek grab. This survey was carried out for Project 1967/1 in conjunction with geophysical survey 1967/1. These data are archived by BGS Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/MC/68/1. See also IGS report 69/8

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1967/3: Forth Approaches (16/Oct/1967 to 19/Oct/1967)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in October 1967 in the Forth Approaches on board the FRV Scotia. The purpose was to obtain data for regional geology mapping. Sea-bed samples were collected using a shipek grab. Sediment/rock cores were collected using a gravity corer. Sea floor data were collected using echosounder and transit sonar. These sampling data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in IGS report 70/1.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1968/10: Forth Approaches (08/Jul/1968 to 19/Jul/1968)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in July 1968 in the Forth Approaches on board a 50ft fishing boat MV Girl Anne III. The work was of an experimental nature partly designed to evaluate equipment and technique. The purpose was to obtain data for regional geology mapping. Sea-bed samples were collected using a shipek grab. Sediment cores were collected using a gravity corer. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in IGS report 70/1.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1968/7: Sedimentology investigations: Humber Estuary (18/Apr/1968 to 31/Jul/1968)
This marine sampling survey undertaken for research by University of Sheffield and the Institute of Geological Sciences (BGS) on behalf of 1 took place in April to July 1968 in the Humber Estuary on board the tug Wyke. Surveys associated with this reserach 1968/2 and 1968/8. Additonal samples were collected from the Spurn Bight tidal flats either by inflatable boat or on foot.The purpose was to collect sedimentological and geological structure data for use in a tidal model. Sediment samples were collected using a Shipek grab and a gravity corer. These data archived by BGS. Details of the survey are contained in BGS Technical report WB/MC/69/3.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1968/8: Sedimentology investigations: Humber Estuary (01/Oct/1968 to 26/Oct/1968)
This marine sampling survey undertaken for research by University of Sheffield and the Institute of Geological Sciences (BGS) took place in October 1968 in the approaches to the Humber Estuary and River Humber on board the MV Moray Firth IV. Surveys associated with this research 1968/2 and 1968/7. The purpose was to collect sedimentological and geological structure data for use in a tidal model. Sediment samples were collected using a shipek grab and vibrocorer. These data archived by BGS. Details of the survey are contained in BGS Technical report WB/MC/69/3.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1968/MF/1: North Irish Sea (10/Aug/1968 to 23/Sep/1968)
This marine sampling survey was carried out by George Wimpey & Co for British Geological Survey (BGS), the survey took place in August to September 1968 in the northeast Irish Sea on board the MV Moray Firth IV. This survey was carried out for a project in conjunction with geophysical survey 1968/3. The purpose was a general investigation of sea bottom sediments and the underlying rocks following on from surveys carried out in 1967. Sediment samples were collected using a shipek grab, gravity corer (rock and sediment) and vibracorer. Sea floor data were collected using Echo sounder. These data archived by BGS. Details of the survey are contained in BGS Technical report WB/MC/69/1.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1969/11: Gravel assessment: Clyde (08/Apr/1969 to 24/Jun/1969)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in 1969 in the River Clyde on board the RV Strathclyde. The purpose was to investigate the gravel distribution in the area. Seabed samples were collected using a shipek grab and sediment dredge, sediment cores were collected using a gravity corer. Beach samples were also collected. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in IGS Internal Report 73/9.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1969/12: Beach/Tidal zone: Firth of Forth (12/Nov/1969 to 28/Nov/1969)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in 1969 in the Firth of Forth using a zodiac inflatable boat or by accessing beaches on foot. The purpose was to collect beach samples as part of an offshore regional geological mapping programme. Beach/seabed samples were collected by hand. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report ?????.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1969/HG/2: Irish Sea (08/Jun/1969 to 10/Jun/1969)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey took place in June 1969 in Irish Sea on board the MV Heathergate. Seabed samples and borehole cores were collected using wireline drilling system, Shell and Auger. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report ??.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1969/MW/1: Sea of Hebrides, Clyde, Irish Sea, North Channel and Tay-Forth (06/Jun/1969 to 07/Sep/1969)
This sampling survey has been carried out by Institute of Geological Sciences now British Geological Survey (BGS) and George Wimpey and Co Ltd for BGS, the survey took place from June to September 1969 in the Sea of Hebrides, Clyde, Irish Sea, North Channel and Tay-Forth areas on board the MV Maria W. The purpose was to collect data as part of UK regional mapping programme. Sample data were collected using dredge; gravity corer; rock drill; vibrocorer; beach sampling; diver; photograph and Shipek grab. Most of these data are archived by BGS. Reference to part of the survey contained in IGS report 73/14.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1969/Pisces: Lower Loch Fyne (7-12 Nov 1969)
This manned submersible sampling survey undertaken by the British Geological Survey (BGS) took place in November 1969 in Lower Loch Fyne area aboard the vessel Vickers Venturer. The purpose was to evaluate the institutes shallow seismic and allow close examination of the representative geomorphological features and sedimentary environments and the transitions which take place between them, sample rock outcrops and evaluate the use of a sumbrsible for this type of work. The manned submersible operated by a pilot and geologist observer was fitted with two stereo cameras, rockdrill and manipulator arm. Four dives were undertaken to obtain geological samples. These data are archived by BGS. The geological results and investigation techniques are contained in BGS (IGS) report 71/16.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1970/13: Beach/Tidal zone: East and West coast of Scotland (12/Jan/1970 to 09/May/1970)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in 1970 along the east coast from Firth of Forth to Aberdeen and west coast River Clyde. The purpose was to collect beach samples as part of an offshore regional geological mapping programme. Beach/seabed samples were collected by hand. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report ?????.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1970/Pisces: Sea of The Hebrides (8-17 June 1970)
This manned submersible sampling survey undertaken by the British Geological Survey (BGS) took place in June 1970 in the Sea of The Hebrides areas aboard the vessel Vickers Venturer. The purpose was to evaluate the institutes shallow seismic and allow close examination of the representative geomorphological features and sedimentary environments and the transitions which take place between them, sample rock outcrops and evaluate the use of a sumbrsible for this type of work. The manned submersible operated by a pilot and geologist observer was fitted with two stereo cameras, rockdrill and manipulator arm. Twenty dives were undertaken to obtain geological samples. These data are archived by BGS. The geological results and investigation techniques are contained in BGS (IGS) report 71/16.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1970/WH/1: Irish Sea and Firth of Clyde (26/Aug/1970 to 21/Dec/1970)
This sampling survey has been carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) and George Wimpey and Co Ltd for BGS, the survey took place from August to December1970 in the Irish Sea and Firth of Clyde on board the MV Whitethorn. The purpose was to collect data as part of the UK regional mapping programme. Sample data were collected using dredge; borehole drill; gravity corer; vibrocorer and Shipek grab. These data are archived by BGS. Details of the survey are contained in Institute of Geological Sciences (IGS) report 72/10.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1971/12: Beach/Tidal zone: Moray Firth (01/Jan/1971 to 01/Jan/1971)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in 1971 along the Moray Firth coastline. The purpose was to collect beach samples as part of an offshore regional geological mapping programme. Beach samples were collected by hand. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report ?????.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1971/13: Moray Firth (01/Oct/1971 to 31/Oct/1971)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in October 1971 in the Moray Firth on board the fishing vessel ?. The purpose was to obtain data for regional geology mapping. Sea-bed samples and photographs were collected by divers. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in report ?????.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1971/6: North of Scotland and the Minch (24/Jun/1971 to 21/Jul/1971)
This sampling survey has been carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place from June to July 1971 off the North of Scotland and in the Minch on board the MV Surveyor. The purpose was to collect data as part of UK regional mapping programme. Sample data were collected using dredge; drill; gravity corer; vibrocorer; Shipek grab and photography. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available, IGS 1971 annual report contains summary.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1971/8: UK waters ( 1971)
This Sampling (wireline drilling) survey undertaken by British Geological Survey took place around the UK during 1971 on board the MV Whitethorn. The purpose was to collect data for the production of reconnaissance solid and drift geological maps of the UK continental shelf. See also sampling survey 1971/9. Details of the surveys are contained in IGS report 72/10.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1971/9: Moray Firth; Firth of Forth and The Minch (07/Mar/1971 to 25/Jun/1971)
This Sampling survey undertaken by British Geological Survey took place around the UK during 1971 on board the MV Whitethorn. The purpose was to collect data for the production of reconnaissance solid and drift geological maps of the UK continental shelf. Sample data were collected using gravity corer; vibrocorer; dredge; shipek grab and Photography. See also drilling survey 1971/8. Details of the surveys are contained in IGS report 72/10.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1971/Pisces: Irish Sea, North Channel, Sea of The Hebrides and North Minch: May 1971
This manned submersible sampling survey undertaken by the British Geological Survey took place in May 1971 in the Irish Sea, North Channel, Sea of The Hebrides and North Minch areas aboard the vessel Vickers Venturer. The purpose was to evaluate the institutes shallow seismic records which show the possibility of low-lying outcrops of bedded strata amongst drift . The manned submersible operated by a pilot and geologist observer was fitted with two stereo cameras, rockdrill and manipulator arm. Thirteen dives were undertaken to obtain geological samples. These data are archived by BGS. The geological results and investigation techniques are contained in BGS (IGS) report 73/2.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1971/SV/10: Peach and Tiree (21/Aug/1971 to 17/Sep/1971)
This sampling survey has been carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) formerly Institute of Geological Sciences for BGS, the survey took place from August to September 1971 in the Peach/Tiree map sheet areas, on board the MV Surveyor. The purpose was to collect data as part of a regional mapping programme. Sea floor data were collected using Transit sonar. Seabed scintillation probe trials were carried out. Sample data were collected using vibrocorer; gravity corer; rock gravity corer; rock dredge and shipek grab. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in IGS report 73/14.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1971/SV/9: West coast of Scotland (26/Jun/1971 to 20/Jul/1971)
This sampling survey has been carried out by Continental Shelf Unit II of British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place from June to July 1971 off the west coast of Scotland and Minch on board the MV Surveyor. The purpose was to collect data as part of a regional mapping programme. Sample data were collected using vibrocorer, gravity corer (rock and sediment), shipek grab and beach sampling. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available, IGS 1971 annual report contains summary.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1971/SV: Geochemistry: Southern North Sea (14/Oct/1971 to 14/Oct/1971)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in 1971 in the North Sea on board the MV Surveyor. The purpose was to investigate the geochemistry of the superficial sediments. Seabed samples were collected using a shipek grab. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report ?????. See geochemistry report WI/AC/85/1.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1971/WH/1: Irish Sea and Cardigan Bay (03/07/1971 to 17/12/1971)
This marine sampling and geophysical survey has been carried out by Institute of Geological Sciences now British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place from to July to December 1971 in the Irish Sea and Cardigan Bay and on board the MV Whitethorn. The purpose was to collect data for IGS Continental Shelf Unit 1as part of the ongoing UK regional mapping programme plus other projects. Thirteen boreholes were drilled in the north Irish Sea, twelve in Cardigan Bay and two in Caernarvon Bay. Sea floor data were collected using echo sounder and transit sonar. Sample data were collected using borehole wireline drilling, vibrocorer, gravity corer (rock and sediment), dredge and shipek grab. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available, IGS 1971 annual report contains summary.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1971/ZD: Mull Diving project (27/Sep/1971 to 01/Oct/1971)
This sampling survey has been carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) formerly Institute of Geological Sciences for BGS, the survey took place from September to October 1971 south west of Mull, on board an inflatable zodiac. The purpose was to collect data to investigate the magnetite content of modern sands and silts around the Mull plutonic centre. Sample data were collected by divers, jar sample and a 0.5m core. Sites were controlled by echo-sounder traverses and positions were fixed by sextant from shore. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in IGS report 73/14.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1972/10: The Wash (20/Mar/1972 to 20/Jul/1972)
This marine sampling survey undertaken by Institute of Geological Sciences (BGS) took place March to July 1972 in The Wash on board the fishing vessel Aurora. These data are archived by BGS. Seabed samples and cores were collected using a shipek grab, gravity corer and vibrocorer (1.6m barrel), 235 stations were occupied, a further 230 stations were sampled by landing parties on drying banks, a further 297 stations were accessed by SRN-5 hovercraft. Samples assigned to this survey were also collected from the MV Whitethorn in December 1971 and December 1972. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report WB/ MG/72/ 45 and WB/MG/74/030. The Wash survey interpretation and maps contained in IGS report 78/18.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1972/20: Firth of Forth (21/Apr/1972 to 27/Apr/1972)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in April 1972 in the Firth of Forth on board the Wilma Russell. The purpose was to obtain data for regional geology mapping. Sea-bed samples were collected using a shipek grab. Sediment cores were collected using a gravity corer. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in report ?????.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1972/21: Moray Firth (15/Aug/1972 to 19/Aug/1972)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in August 1972 in the Moray Firth on board a zodiac. The purpose was to obtain data for regional geology mapping. Sea-bed samples were collected by divers. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in report ?????.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1973/10: Irish Sea, Bristol Channel and English Channel (27/Jul/1973 to 15/Dec/1973)
This sampling survey has been carried out by, Institute of Geological Sciences (IGS) now British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place from July to December 1973 in the Irish Sea, Bristol Channel and English Channel on board the MV Whitethorn. These purpose was to collect data as part of a regional mapping programme. Sea floor data were collected using Wireline drilling equipment (Borehole), Rock Gravity Corer, Sediment Gravity Corer, Vibrocorer and Shipek Grab. These data are archived by BGS. Details of the survey are contained in IGS report 79/8 and IGS Annual report 1973.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1973/18: North Sea: Gamma Spectrometer (17/May/1973 to 30/May/1973)
This Institute of Geological Sciences now British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geochemical and sampling survey took place in May 1973 in an area off the north Yorkshire coast aboard the m.v. Observer. This survey was organised by the Geochemical Division using a towed gamma spectrometer, the Marine continental Shelf Unit 1 undertook gravity coring to calibrate the results. Sea-bed samples and cores were collected using gravity corer and shipek grab. The sample data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available, IGS 1973 annual report contains summary.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1973/WH/2: North Sea, Firth of Forth to Aberdeen (10/Apr/1973 to 29/May/1973)
This sampling survey has been carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place in April to May1973 in the North Sea (Marr Bank and Tay-Forth map sheet areas on board the MV Whitethorn. The purpose was to collect data as part of UK continental shelf survey programme. Sample data were collected using gravity corer; borehole drilling; Vibrocorer; Dredge; Shipek Grab and photography. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1974/18: North Sea, East of Teeside: Gamma Spectrometer (14/Nov/1974 to 03/Dec/1974)
This BGS marine geochemical, geophysical and sampling survey took place in November/December 1974 in the North Sea, East of Teeside aboard the Royal Research Ship RRS John Murray. The purpose was to carry out marine sampling work in conjunction with the IGS Geochemistry Unit. A total of 583 km of data were collected Sea floor data were collected using a echo-sounder, transit sonar and a towed gamma spectrometer. Subsurface data were gathered using a pinger and sparker. Analogue data were collected and paper records were generated. Sea-bed samples and cores were collected using shipek grab and dredge. The sample data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available, IGS 1974 annual report contains summary.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1974/19: Beach/Tidal zone: Orkney and Shetland Islands (07/Sep/1974 to 09/Nov/1974)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in 1974 along the coastline of the Orkney and Shetland Islands. The purpose was to collect beach samples as part of an offshore regional geological mapping programme. Beach samples were collected by hand. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report ?????.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1974/2: North Sea, south Forties (21/Jul/1974 to 21/Jul/1974)
This sampling survey has been carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place in July 1974 in the North Sea, south Forties area on board the MV Briarthorn. The purpose was to collect data as part of a pockmark study in conjunction with geophysical survey 1974/BR/2. Sample data were collected using gravity corer. Bad weather disrupted the survey and only 4 cores were obtained. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/MI/74/12.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1974/25: Solway Firth (17/Aug/1974 to 21/Sep/1974)
This sampling survey has been carried out by Institute of Geological Sciences now British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place in August to September 1974 in the Solway Firth from a hovercraft. The purpose was to collect data for a helicopter gravity survey for the Applied Geophysics unit. Beach sample data were collected for the marine geology unit UK regional mapping programme. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1974/8: Bristol Channel, Irish Sea and English Channel (21/Aug/1974 to 02/Dec/1974)
This sampling and geophysical survey has been carried out by, Institute of Geological Sciences (IGS) now British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place from August to December 1974 in the Bristol Channel, Irish Sea and English Channel on board the MV Whitethorn. The purpose was to collect data as part of a geological mapping programme. Sample data were collected using Drilling equipment,: Rock Gravity Corer, Sediment Gravity Corer, Vibrocorer and Shipek Grab. These data are archived by BGS. Details of the survey are contained in IGS Annual Report 1974 and IGS report 79/8.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1974/9: North Sea & Bristol Channel (03/Mar/1974 to 09/May/1974)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey (comprised of four legs) took place from March to May 1974 in North Sea and Bristol Channel on board the MV Whitethorn. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Gravity corer, Vibrocorer and wireline drilling equipment. Subsurface data were gathered using a Sparker seismic instrument, 52km, See 1974/WH/9. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 74/9 &14.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1975/1: Submersible trials
This sampling survey has been carried out by Institute of Geological Sciences now British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place in April 1975 around the west coast of Scotland and Irish Sea areas on board the Royal Research Ship RRS Challenger. The purpose was to carry out IGS submersible consub trials sampling rock outcrops identified by geophysical surveys. Sea-bed samples were collected using shipek grab. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available, IGS 1975 annual report contains summary.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1975/11: SW Approaches (08/Jun/1975 to 25/Jul/1975)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place from June to July 1975 in South West Approaches on board the MV Charterer. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab and Gravity corer.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1975/13: Bristol Channel (04/Sep/1975 to 07/Sep/1975)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey took place in September 1975 in the Bristol Channle on board the RRS John Murray. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Gravity corer and sediment dredge. These data are archived by BGS.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1975/20: Liverpool Bay (06/Aug/1975 to 13/Aug/1975)
This sampling survey has been carried out by Institute of Geological Sciences now British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place in August 1975 in Ribble estuary on board a SH2-3 hovercraft. The purpose was to carry out marine sampling work in conjunction with the IGS Applied Geophysics Unit gravity surveys. Sea-bed samples were collected by beach sampling methods and photography. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available, IGS 1975 annual report contains summary.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1975/20: North Sea; Forth Approaches (06/Aug/1975 to 02/Oct/1975)
This sampling survey has been carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place in August to October 1975 in the North Sea and Forth Approaches on board the MV Whitethorn. The purpose was to collect data as part of UK continental shelf survey programme. Sample data were collected using gravity corer; Vibrocorer; Dredge: Sediment or Shell; Shipek Grab. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1975/3: Regional Mapping Programme Drilling: Firth of Forth (24/Feb/1975 to 12/Mar/1975)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey took place from February to March 1975 in the Firth of Forth on board the MV Whitethorn. Seabed samples and borehole cores were collected using a drilling system including Shell & Auger. Borehole logging was undertaken. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 75/8.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1975/35: Liverpool Bay (04/Sep/1975 to 10/Sep/1975)
This sampling survey has been carried out by Institute of Geological Sciences now British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place in September 1975 in Mersey estuary on board a Sealand hovercraft. The purpose was to carry out marine sampling work in conjunction with the IGS Applied Geophysics Unit gravity survey. Sea-bed samples were collected by beach sampling methods and photography. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available, IGS 1975 annual report contains summary.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1975/4: Bristol Channel and English Channel (10/Apr/1975 to 25/Jul/1975)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey took place from April to July 1975 in Outer Bristol Channel and English Channel on board the MV Whitethorn. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab and Gravity corer. These data are archived by BGS.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1975/Sealab: Western English Channel & Scilly; North Sea
This sampling survey was a trial with the MV Wimpey Sealab to drill in water depths greater than the depth in which the Whitethorn could operate. Five boreholes were drilled before a contract was awarded for further boreholes in North Sea.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1976/11: Bristol Channel (03/Jun/1976 to 23/Jun/1976)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional sampling survey took place in June 1976 in the Bristol Channel on board the RRS John Murray. The purpose was to gather data which could be used to map the regional geology of the area. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab and gravity corer. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report ??.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1976/76: Regional Mapping Programme Drilling: SW Approaches and Northern Scotland (01/Apr/1976 to 15/Aug/1976)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey took place from April to August 1976 in SW Approaches and Northern Scotland on board the MV Sealab. Seabed samples and borehole cores were collected using a drilling system. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 76/11 & ????.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1977/13: Outer Hebrides (14/Sep/1977 to 24/Sep/1977)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in September 1977 off the North and West coast of the Outer Hebrides aboard the FRV Scotia. The purpose was to obtain data for regional geology mapping. Sea-bed samples were collected using a shipek grab. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in report ?????.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1977/14: North East Atlantic Ocean (01/Nov/1977 to 20/Nov/1977)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in November 1977 in the North East Atlantic Ocean aboard the FRV Scotia. The purpose was to obtain data for regional geology mapping. Sea-bed samples were collected using a rock dredge. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in report ?????.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1977/FE: Regional Mapping Programme drilling: Scottish Continental Shelf (07/Jun/1977 to 18/Jul/1977)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey (comprised of two legs) took place in June/July 1977 in waters to the north and west of Scotland on board the MV Ferder. Seabed cores were collected using a wireline drilling system along with push and hammer sampling . These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 77/8 & 9.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1977/JM/8: Northern North Sea (13/Jul/1977 to 14/Jul/1977)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in July 1977 south of Orkney Islands on board the RRS John Murray. This University of Glasgow, department of Geology survey was led by G. Farrow, BGS acquired data for offshore mapping. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Gravity corer. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1978/10: North East Atlantic Ocean (17/Jul/1978 to 18/Jul/1978)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in July 1978 in the North East Atlantic Ocean aboard the FRV Scotia. The purpose was to obtain data for regional geology mapping. Sea-bed samples were collected using a shipek grab. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in report ?????.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1978/3: Northern North Sea (04/Apr/1978 to 13/Apr/1978)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey took place in April 1978 in Northern North Sea and around Shetland Islands on board the RRS John Murray. These purpose was to collect data as part of a continuation of geochemical sampling programme of superficial bottom seiment for heavy metal analysis. Sea floor data was attempted using MS47 sidescan sonar, equipment failed, no records available.Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab and a Reineck box corer. These data are archived by BGS. Details of the survey are contained in BGS cruise summary.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1978/5: Regional Mapping Programme Drilling: North and west of Scotland (01/May/1978 to 06/Jun/1978)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey (comprised of three legs) took place from May to June 1978 in water around the north and west of Scotland on board the MV Ferder. Seabed borehole cores were collected using wireline drilling equipment. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 78/6, 8, 12 & 79/3.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1978/6: Northern North Sea, Malin Sea and Tay-Forth region (18/Apr/1978 to 01/Jun/1978)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey (comprised of five legs) took place from April to June 1978 in Northern North Sea, Malin Sea and Tay-Forth region on board the MV Cape Shore. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Gravity corer, Vibrocorer and Rockdrill. Geochemical analysis was undertaken. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 78/5, 9 to 11, 13 & 15.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1978/9: Regional Mapping Programme: North Sea (06/Sep/1978 to 21/Sep/1978)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine regional sampling survey took placein September 1978 in the Northern North Sea on board the MV Cape Shore. Seabed samples and cores were collected using unmanned submersible Consub, Shipek grab, Gravity corer and 1m Rockdrill. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 78/16.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1978/CS: SW Approaches and Lyme Bay (30/Jun/1978 to 06/Sep/1978)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in June-September 1978 (5 fortnightly legs) in the SW Approaches and Lyme Bay area on board the vessel Cape Shore. The purpose was to obtain data for regional geological mapping. Seabed samples and cores were collected using vibrocorer (20'), gravity corer and shipek grab. These data are archived by BGS. Technial details of the survey are contained in BGS Report WB/MI/78/15.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1979/1: The Minch near Loch Maddy, North Uist (02/Aug/1979 to 06/Aug/1979)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in August 1979 in the Minch from a Zodiac. The aim of this dive survey was to prove the presence of possible Mesozoic rocks very close inshore adjacent to the Lewisian of the Outer Hebrides. Seabed samples were collected by divers. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Marine Geology Internal Report 79/9.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1979/18: Southern North Sea, English Channel and Western Approaches August 1979
This sampling survey, aboard the drilling vessel Surveyor owned by Heerema Marine Contractors, was part of the British Geological Survey (BGS) Regional Mapping Programme and aimed to drill boreholes in areas covered by Quaternary sediments too thick for vibrocoring or gravity coring methods. The results would aid with the interpretation of shallow and deep seismic records used in the compilation of geological maps. The drill system was heave compensated with a derrick mounted over a moonpool and boreholes were drilled at seven sites.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1979/3: Regional Mapping Programme: Northern North Sea and the Minch, west of Scotland (07/May/1979 to 09/Jul/1979)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey (comprised of three legs) took place from May to August 1983 in Northern North Sea and the Minch, west of Scotland on board the MV Whitethorn. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Gravity corer, Vibrocorer and cone dredge. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Reports WB/MI/79/6, 8 and 14.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1979/6: Regional Mapping Programme: Southern North Sea, English Channel and Celtic Sea (09/Jul/1979 to 17/Sep/1979)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey took place from July to September 1979 in Southern North Sea, Celtic Sea and English Channel on board the MV Whitethorn. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Gravity corer and Vibrocorer. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in a BGS Internal Report.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1979/8:Regional Mapping Programme ,Consub and equipment trials: Malin Sea and around Shetland Islands (17/Sep/1979 to 31/Oct/1979)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey (comprised of two legs) took place from September to October 1979 in the Malin Sea and around Shetland Islands on board the MV Whitethorn. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Gravity corer, Vibrocorer, Rockdrill and Consub unmanned submersible system. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Marine Geology Internal Report 79/11 & 12.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1979/ZD/02: Diving Project: Helmsdale, North Sea (28/Aug/1979 to 02/Sep/1979)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in August/September 1979 in the North Sea from a Zodiac. The aim of this dive survey was to collect samples for analysis to evaluate possible downstream and offshore movement of gold from the River Helmsdale. Seabed samples were collected by divers. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Marine Geology Internal Report WB/MI/79/10.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1980/10: North Sea - East of Aberdeen (22/Oct/1980 to 05/Nov/1980)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey took place from October to November 1980 in North Sea, east of Aberdeen on board the MV Whitethorn. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Gravity corer and Vibrocorer. Midi drill trials were also undertaken. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Marine Geology Report 80/11.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1980/4: Regional Mapping Programme: North Sea and west of Shetland (01/May/1980 to 24/Oct/1980
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey (comprised of five legs) took place from May to August 1980 in North Sea and west of Shetland on board the MV Whitethorn. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Gravity corer, Vibrocorer and Midi drill. These data are archived by BGS.Geotechnical analysis details are contained in BGS internal report EGS/80/4. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 80/4-7, 9.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1980/5: Regional Mapping Programme: Southern North Sea and English Channel (13/Aug/1980 to 21/Oct/1980)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey (comprised of five legs) took place from August to October 1980 in Southern North Sea and English Channel on board the MV Whitethorn. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Gravity corer and Vibrocorer. Samples for Geochemical analysis were collected These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 80/17, 20, 21, 23 to 25.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1980/6: Regional Mapping Programme drilling: The Minch and North Sea (25/Sep/1980 to 22/Oct/1980)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional sampling survey (comprised of two legs) took place in September/October 1980 in North Sea and the Minch on board the MV Mariner. Four seabed boreholes were drilled using Christensen equipment. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Reports 80/12 & 15.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1980/7: Irish Sea (20/Oct/1980 to 24/Oct/1980)
This Institute of Geological Sciences now British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geochemical and sampling survey took place in October 1980 in an area off St Bees Head aboard the m.v. Bon Entente. Sea-bed samples and cores were collected using dredge and shipek grab. The sample data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1980/8: Regional Mapping Programme: West Irish Sea and North Channel (05/Nov/1980 to 19/Nov/1980)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey took place in November 1980 in Irish Sea and North Channel on board the MV Whitethorn. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Gravity corer and Vibrocorer. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 80/22.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1980/9: Regional Mapping Programme drilling: Shetland Islands (13/Aug/1980 to 19/Sep/1980)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey (comprised of two legs) took place in August/September 1980 around the Shetland Islands on board the MV Ferder. Twelve seabed boreholes were drilled using Christensen equipment. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Reports 80/13 & 18.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1980/HV/1: Solway Firth (11/Jul/1980 to 19/Jul/1980)
This Institute of Geological Sciences now British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geochemical and sampling survey took place in July 1980 in the Solway Firth aboard a hovercraft AV Tiger. Sea-bed samples and cores were collected using Beach sample hand corer and photography. The sample data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1981/10: Southern North Sea, Western Approaches and the Celtic Sea (15/5/81-15/10/81)
This sampling survey, aboard the drilling vessel Mariner owned by Heerema Marine Contractors, was part of the British Geological Survey (BGS) Regional Mapping Programme and aimed to drill boreholes in areas covered by Quaternary sediments too thick for vibrocoring or gravity coring methods. The results would aid with the interpretation of shallow and deep seismic records used in the compilation of geological maps. Boreholes were drilled at twenty three sites. ?WB/MI/81/15, 18,19C?

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1981/8: Regional Mapping Programme: North Sea and west of Scotland (02/Apr/1981 to 19/Oct/1981)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey (comprised of fourteen legs) took place from April to october 1981 in North Sea and west of Scotlandl on board the MV Whitethorn. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Gravity corer, Vibrocorer and Midi drill. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Marine Geology Internal Report 81/4 to 8, 13, 14, 16, 20, 22, 25, 27, 28.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1981/9: Irish Sea, Solway Firth (01/Jul/1981 to 31/Jul/1981)
This Institute of Geological Sciences now British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geochemical and sampling survey took place in July 1981 in the Solway Firth aboard the Samuel Baxter. Sea-bed samples were collected using shipek grab. The sample data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1982/1: Irish Sea, Solway Firth (16/Sep/1982 to 19/Sep/1982)
This Institute of Geological Sciences now British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in September 1981 in the Solway Firth aboard the Branding. To be used in conjunction with Minerals and Geochemical divisions. Sea-bed samples were collected using box corer and shipek grab. The sample data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1982/5: N Scotland; Minches; Central North Sea; English Channel and St George's Channel (04/Apr/1982 to 29/Sep/1982)
This BGS regional marine sampling survey (comprised of twelve legs) took place from April to August 1982 in North of Scotland; Minches; Central North Sea; English Channel and St George's channel on board the MV Whitethorn. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Gravity corer, Vibrocorer and Midi drill. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Marine Geology Internal Reports 82/7-10, 14, 16, 19-23.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1982/6: Regional Mapping Programme Drilling: North of Scotland and northern & southern North Sea (16/Jun/1982 to 30/Aug/1982)
This BGS regional marine sampling survey took place from July to August 1982 in northern & southern North Sea and north of Scotland on board the MV Ferder. Seabed borehole cores were collected using a modified Christensen marine wireline drilling system. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Marine Geology Internal Reports 82/15 and 83/24.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1982/VO/1: North Sea, East Anglia (02/Feb/1982 to 02/Feb/1982)
This marine sampling survey carried out for British Geological Survey (BGS) took place in February 1982 in the North Sea on board the MV Volans. The purpose was to collect data as part of the UK continental shelf survey programme. Seabed sample were collected using Geodoff vibrocorer. These data are archived by BGS. No survey report currently available.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1983/1: Rotary drill trials: Southern North Sea (07/Mar/1983 to 24/Mar/1983)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in March 1983 in the Southern North Sea on board the MV Whitethorn. The purpose was to carry out trials of the remotely operated IGS 5-metre rotary drill. Seabed samples were collected using a shipek grab, sediment cores were collected using a virbrocorer and rock cores using a rock gravity corer and rockdrill. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report 83/6.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1983/2: Regional Mapping: Northern & Central North Sea; English Channel (14/Apr/1983 to 23/Aug/1983)
This BGS regional marine sampling survey (comprised of eight legs) took place from April to August 1983 in Northern & Central North Sea and English Channel on board the MV Whitethorn. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Gravity corer, Vibrocorer and Rockdrill. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report WB/83/7-9, 11, 18, 22, 23.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1984/8: Regional Mapping: North of Scotland; Minches; Central & Southern North Sea (01/Aug/1984 to 20/Nov/1984)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional sampling survey took place from August to November 1984 around North of Scotland, the Minches, Central and Southern North Sea on board the British Enterprise Four. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Gravity corer, Vibrocorer and rockdrill. Geochemical subsamples were obtained at selected sites. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Marine Geology Internal reports 84/11, 13, 16, 19, 20,22, 23.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1984/9: North of Scotland (11/May/1984 to 17/Jun/1984)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey took place in May/June 1984, North of Scotland on board the drillship Ferder. Seabed borehole cores were collected using wireline coring system. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Marine Geology Report 84/9.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1985/10: Quaternary drilling: NW Scotland Continental Slope (01/Jan/1985 to 31/Dec/1985)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey took place in two phase in July & October 1985 on the Continetal Slope north-west of Scotland on board the MV Pholas and MV Bucentaur. The purpose was to investigate Quaternary Stratigraphy and assist in the regional mapping of bedrock geology. Seabed boreholes were cored using Wireline drilling and Piston sampling equipment. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report WB/86/20C.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1985/9: West of Scotland, Shetland and Fair Isle (05/Aug/1985 to 11/Dec/1985)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) regional marine sampling survey took place from August to December 1985 on board the British Magnus. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Vibrocorer, Gravity corer, rock drill and sediment dredge. These data are archived by BGS. Trials of a camera grab were also undertaken. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Reports WB/85/12-14, 16, 17, 19, 21 & 23.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1985/VE/1: Land's End (18/Sep/1985 to 24/Sep/1985)
Not Entered

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1986/3: North of Scotland (01/Oct/1986 to 30/Nov/1986)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) sampling survey took place during October & November 1986 to the North and West of the Shetland Islands on board the MV Kommandor Subsea. To the East of the Shetland Islands a geochemical sampling programme was carried out. Seabed samples and cores were collected using Shipek grab, Vibrocorer and Gravity corer. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report WB/87/7.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1987/1: West of Shetland (10/Jan/1987 to 18/01/87)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) sampling survey took place in January 1987 to the West of the Shetland Islands on board the Kommandor Subsea. Seabed cores were collected using Vibrocorer and Gravity corer. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report WB/87/7.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1988/3: West of Scotland (08/Sep/1988 to 25/Sep/1988)
This marine sampling survey took place in September 1988 West of Scotland on board the drill ship Bucentaur. It was undertaken as part of a Consortium between British Geological Survey (BGS) and six Oil companies, it. The purpose was to enhance the geological knowledge in the offshore are lying to the northwest of the Scottish Mainland. Boreholes were drilled using a wireline coring system. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Commissioned Report WB/88/38C.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1989/3: Southern North Sea (08/Aug/1989 to 22/Oct/1989)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in September/October 1989 on board the Whitethorn and Bucentaur drilling vessels. It was part of a joint project between various European Geological Surveys to study aspects of the Quaternary Strata of the Sourthern North Sea, funded by the EEC under their Stimulation Progreamme. Boreholes were drilled using a wireline coring system. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS internal report WB/89/40.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1989/4: Celtic and Irish Seas (20/Oct/1989 to 08/Nov/1989)
This marine drilling survey took place from October to November 1994 in the Celtic and Irish Seas using th M/S Bucentaur. A shallow drlling consortium comprising BGS, five oil companies and three partners was formed and the purpose was to enhance the geological knowledge in the area. Six boreholes were drilled and these data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Technical Report WB/89/39C.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1990/1: Drilling, west of Scotland
This sampling survey has been carried out by, British Geological Survey (BGS) in collaboration with a group of oil companies for Offshore Regional Mapping, the survey took place from June to July 1990 to the north and west of The Hebrides on board the M/V Bucentaur. The purpose was to collect data to enhance the geological knowledge in the area. Sample data (borehole) were collected using wireline drilling equipment. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/90/26C.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1994/5: Thames Estuary (16/Aug/1994 to 24/Aug/2994)
This sampling survey has been carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place in August 1994 in the Thames Estuary on board the MV Shorething. The purpose was to collect data as part of the UK mapping programme for Inner Thames Estuary 1:50k special sheet. Sample data were collected using sediment gravity corer, shipek grab and beach sampling equipment. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 1998/2:Hatton-Rockall Basin, July 1998
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in July 1998 onboard the MV Norskald, the survey was not completed due to unforeseen technical problems. The purpose was to collect data for the Rockall Continental Margin Project. Sample data were collected using wireline drilling equipment, only Borehole BH98/01A was drilled. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/98/32C.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 2001/2: Hebrides Shelf, Rockall Trough and Rockall Bank. (6/Aug/2001 to 20/Aug/2001
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in August 2001 in the area of the Hebrides Shelf, Rockall Trough and Rockall Bank on board the RRS James Clark Ross. The aims were: 1) to acquire samples of metamorphic basement in order to identify and characterise the different Pre Cambrian terrains west of Scotland, 2) to acquire samples of igneous rocks for inorganic geochemical and isotopic analysis and age dating in order to elucidate the temporal, spatial and evolutionary development of UK Atlantic volcanic continental margin and 3) to acquire other sedimentary cores, in the vicinity of the Hebrides Terrace Seamount, mainly to study slope processes. The BGS rockdrill was used to collect hard rock cores. The BGS vibrocore and gravity core were used to collect soft sediment cores. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS reports IR/02/049 and CR/01/230.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 2001/4: Estuarine Contaminant: Mersey Estuary (09/May/2000 to 14/June/2001)
These British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling surveys took place from May 2000 to June 2001 in the Mersey estuary. The purpose was to obtain the data necessary for a study of the estuarine geochemistry of the Mersey estuary. Sampling was undertaken using Environment Agency vessels; the hovercraft ‘Sea Spray’ was used May-July and September/October 2000 and May/June 2001; Sea Jet was used 15/16 February 2001 and RV Coastal Guardian, 8/9 February 2001. Seabed samples were obtained using a Day grab; Mackereth corer and manual beach surface sampling and hand coring. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report RR/10/002.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 2004/3 Barra Fan, Rockall Trough. (12/Jun/2004)
This collaborative marine sampling survey took place in June 2004 in the areas of the Goban Spur, Western Irish Margin, Barra Fan and Rosemary Bank onboard the R/V Marion Dufresne. The British Geological Survey (BGS) participation centred around the collection of one long sediment core in the Barra Fan, Rockall Trough. The objective was to obtain a high resolution sedimentary record for the comparison of at least 4 major glacial cycles extending possibly into the early Pleistocene. Equipment used: CALYPSO Giant Piston Core - one 37.7m core collected. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Report IR/04/126 ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/509377/). Publication with core details see NORA http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/9636/.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 2004/5: Fladen, 220km NE of Aberdeen (30/Jul/2004)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in July 2004 in the area of Fladen, North Sea on board Vidar Viking. The objective was to drill a trial borehole (04/1, +58+00/535) in the North Sea to allow testing of the drilling rig and coring tools, particularly the piston corer. The site chosen met the specified requirements of test, i.e. a soft to firm downhole transition. The site is located in the Witch Ground Basin close to previously drilled BGS boreholes (75/33 and 77/2).

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 2012/4: Determination of late glacial and post-glacial processes: Lake Windermere (13/Apr/2012 to 27/Apr/2012)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling survey took place in April 2012 on Lake Windermere using the White Ribbon and a floating pontoon from Uwitec. The aim was to collect a number of short and long gravity and piston cores (equipment supplied by Uwitec) to examine the sedimentary succession from the LGM through to present day Holocene deposits. The White Ribbon was used to acquire lakebed Van Veen grab samples to examine anthorpogenic pollution signals within the lake, and also to run a number of LBV transects looking specifically at the depth boundary between cobbles and Holocene organic Gyttja, and also to acquire updated information on the autumn and spring spawning grounds for the Arctic Charr.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 2013/1: Cone penetration testing, Loch Linnhe: (07/Jan/2013)
This marine sampling survey took place on 7 January 2013 on board the Northern Lighthouse Board vessel NLV Pole Star. Cone penetration testing was conducted by Marine Sampling Holland on behalf of the British Geological Survey (BGS) at 5 sites in Loch Linnhe in preparation for Rock drill trial survey 2013/2.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 2013/2: RD2 Rockdrill Trials: Loch Linnhe (20/Jan/2013 to 28/Jan/2013)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine sampling trials survey took place in January 2013 in the area of Loch Linnhe on board the Northern Lighthouse Board vessel NLV Pharos. The aim was to test the BGS seabed rockdrill RD2.

British Geological Survey (BGS) Sampling Survey 2015/7 RD2 Rockdrill Trials: Firth of Lorne/East of Colonsay (19/Aug/2015 to 29/Aug/2015)
This marine sampling survey took place in August 2015 in the area of Firth of Lorne and east of Colonsay on board the NLV Pharos. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS). The aim of the survey was to test the BGS seabed rockdrill RD2. These data are archived by BGS.

Broadband seismic data collected as part of the Macquarie Ridge experiment from 2020-2021 (NERC Grant NE/T000082/1)
Broadband seismic data collected as part of the Macquarie Ridge experiment from 2020-2021. OBSs were deployed around Macquarie Island, while terrestrial stations were deployed on Macquaire Island itself. The data sources are as follows: (1) 3-component broadband data from 10 IGGCAS stations with 60s corner period, plus hydrophone data. (2) 3-component broadband data from 5 Guralp Libre stations with 60s corner period, plus hydrophone data. (3) 3-component broadband data from 5 Guralp Certimus stations located on Macquarie Island. Four instruments only recorded for ~2 months, while the remaining instrument managed about 8 months of recording. Further details on the experiment can be found in Tkalčić, H., C. Eakin, M. F. Coffin, N. Rawlinson, and J. Stock (2021), Deploying a submarine seismic observatory in the Furious Fifties, Eos, 102, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EO159537.

Bromine isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Bromine (Br), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Brussels PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Brussels, Belgium. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Bubble growth in silicate melts (NERC Grant NE/N002954/1)
Vesicularity (phi) as a function of time for samples of natural hydrated silicate glass (obsidian) from optical dilatrometric analysis. Also numerical model for analysis of dataset and associated user guide.

Budapest PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Budapest, Hungary. It has been provided by Altamira Information as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Buffalo Cave Flowstone - Annual Laminae (NERC grant NE/J00443X/1)
Annual lamina thickness (microns), lamina count, and age model (Ma, years) for the Early Pleistocene (Lines 1 and 2) and early Holocene speleothems from Buffalo Cave, South Africa. The samples, methods and results are described in full in: Hopley, P. J. et al. (2018) Orbital precession modulates interannual rainfall variability, as recorded in an Early Pleistocene speleothem. Geology. DOI:10.1130/G45019.1

Building and decorative stones
This database contains basic types of rocks, that have been quarried for purposes of usage as decorative or building material in the Czech Republic.

Building and decorative stones – places of usage
Growing demand for materials suitable for decorative and building purposes has contributed significantly to the development of the mining and stone-processing industry. This database contains basic types of rocks that have been quarried for these purposes in the Czech Republic in past and presence.

Building and decorative stones – Mining sites
Growing demand for materials suitable for decorative and building purposes has contributed significantly to the development of the mining and stone-processing industry. This database contains basic types of rocks that have been quarried for these purposes in the Czech Republic in past and presence.

Buleltins of stations of the Czech regional seismic network CRSN
Readings of seismic events (earthquakes, mining induced events, explosions) in the Czech Republec and worldwide of seismological stations of the Czech Regional Seismic Network. Data from 1976 to present are stored in monthly files. Older annual bulletins from 1908 to 1954 are available in the pdf format.

Bulk carbonate stable isotope compositions and foraminifera-based results and relative age model of DSDP Site 401 (NERC grant NE/H017518/1)
Geochemical and isotopic data presented here cover the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (~56 Ma ago) and were produced to assess the degree of carbon cycle perturbations, ocean acidification and the origin of the emitted carbon added to the atmosphere-ocean system during this major carbon cycle perturbation event. For further details on the analytical approach please refer to the original publication (Gutjahr et al., 2017, Nature). Data contained within the two tables comprise foraminiferal carbonate based stable boron, carbon and oxygen isotopic results from DSDP Site 401 located within the Bay of Biscaye in the NE Atlantic (Table 1). This table also contains B/Ca, Mg/Ca and Al/Ca data from the same samples. Depth in core is presented alongside two alternative relative age models setting ages in relation to the Carbon Isotope Excursion observed during the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum. Table 2 contains high-resolution bulk carbonate stable carbon and oxygen isotopic results that were produced to establish a new age models for this core.

Bulk rock, glass, melt inclusion and host phenocryst geochemical compositions for materials from Tolbachik volcanic field, Kamchatka, RussiaTolbachik geochemistry (NERC Grant NE/M000303/1)
This dataset contains bulk rock, glass, melt inclusion and host phenocryst geochemical compositions for materials from Tolbachik volcanic field, Kamchatka, Russia, together with supporting petrographic information. Sampling localities are provided together with the bulk rock compositional data. Samples were acquired between 2016 and 2019 and the data were collected between 2016 and 2020 using secondary electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis, secondary ion mass spectrometry, laser ablation ICP-MS, X-ray fluorescence and solution ICP-MS, and multi-collector ICP-MS methods. Most of the data are included in a manuscript (Iveson et al.) to be submitted to Journal of Petrology in March 2022.

Bulk sediment stable isotope data from various deep sea drilling sites, Miocene to Recent (NERC grant NE/N001621/1)
Data derived from NERC Grant NE/N001621/1. Geographical Area - DSDP/ODP/IODP Sites 516, 1138, 925, 242, 1338, 871, 872

Bulk sedimentary carbonate oxygen and carbon stable isotope data (NERC Grant NE/P013112/1)
Carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of bulk sediment carbonate spanning the early and middle Eocene succession recovered from borehole 16/28-Sb01. For description of this sedimentary sequence see Haughton et al. 2005. Petroleum Geology: North-West Europe and Global Perspectives, Proceedings of the 6th Petroleum Geology Conference, 1077–1094.

Bulk sedimentary elemental analyses by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) (NERC Grant NE/P013112/1)
Bulk sediment elemental analyses by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spanning the early and middle Eocene succession recovered from borehole 16/28-Sb01. For description of this sedimentary sequence see Haughton et al. 2005. Petroleum Geology: North-West Europe and Global Perspectives, Proceedings of the 6th Petroleum Geology Conference, 1077–1094.

Bulk XRD (X-ray Diffraction) powder diffraction data of cobalt bearing raw materials used in the CoG3 NERC project (NERC Grant NE/M011488/1)
NERC Grant NE/M011488/1 X-ray powder diffraction patterns as xy datasets of limonites from Acoje (Philippines), Caldag (Turkey), Nkamouna (Cameroon), Piaui (Brazil) and Shevchenko (Kazakhstan) laterite deposits; reduced sulphide ore from Thakaringa Mine (Australia) and Captain deposit (Canada); processing residues from the Kevitsa Mine (Finland). The data were acquired during the NERC SoS Minerals CoG3 project between 2015 and 2018 using a PANAlytical X’Pert Pro diffractometer at the Natural History Museum, London, UK. Powdered samples were back loaded into a deep well holder, loaded into the instrument in reflection geometry and data collected using Co Kalpha radiation between 3 and 70 degrees 2Theta. These data were used primarily for phase identification. This may be useful within the mining sector, resource assessment, processing or prospecting, geo- or material scientists and processing engineers / metallurgists. The data were acquired in the Core Research Laboratories, Natural History Museum by the NHM CoG3 team. NERC grant: CoG3: The geology, geometallurgy and geomicrobiology of cobalt resources leading to new product streams

Bulletiny seismických jevů širokopásmových stanic ÚFZ
Měsíční soubory čtení časů příchodu seismických jevů z celého světa ze stanic JAVC (od r. 1997), KRUC (od r. 1997), MORC (od r. 1995) a VRAC (od r. 1993), provozovaných Ústavem fyziky Země PřF Masarykovy univerzity Brno.

Bureau de Recherches Geologiques et Minieres (BRGM) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1972/2: English Channel (18/May/1972 to 12/Jun/1972)
This marine geophysical and sampling survey undertaken as part of the GEOMANCHE Project to examine the geological structure of the Western English Channel (Manche) by Bureau De Recherches Geologiques et Minieres (BRGM,ORLEANS). It was called GEOMANCHE 72 and took place in May to June 1972 in the Western English Channel on board the M.V. Le Noroit. This was a joint French-British investigation of the western part of the Channel between the channel Islands and Start Point to produce a joint geological map of the central part of the western Channel. Data were gathered to evaluate the geological structure of the Western English Channel. Subsurface seismic data were gathered using a sparker. Seabed samples and cores were collected using a rock corer. These data are assumed to be archived by BRGM.

Bushveld mush thickness (NERC grant NE/J021520/1)
A single Excel spreadsheet giving augite-plagioclase-plagioclase dihedral angle populations in cumulates from the Rustenberg Layered Suite of the Bushveld Igneous Complex. A document providing the background information and location of the samples used in the study. The data have been published: Holness et al. (2017) Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 172:102 doi.org/10.1007/s00410-017-1423-4

C - Concentration of Flow factor
Created using karst information for Rockingham Catchment Region in the West of Ireland. The catchment for each swallow hole was delineated and distance from each swallow hole was calculated within the catchment. These were assigned the appropriate value according to COP methodology. The slope and vegetation types within and outside that catchments were also assigned appropriate values.

C - Hydraulic conductivity (DRASTIC)
C layer represents hydraulic conductivity of hydrological units and direct assignment of C index to each aquifer.

C - Hydraulic conductivity (DRASTIC)
The Hydraulic conductivity layer is taken as a direct assignment of the hydraulic conductivities from the aquifer parameter database to the C index values according to DRASTIC, ranging from 1 to 10

C - Hydraulic conductivity (DRASTIC)
C layer represents hydraulic conductivity of hydrological units (from cp map Kennesey) and direct assignment of C index to each aquifer. Higher values of C correspond to alluvial aquifers, and smaller values to metamorphic and igneous rocks.

The Hydraulic conductivity layer is taken as a direct assignment of the hydraulic conductivities from the aquifer parameter database to the C index values according to DRASTIC, ranging from 1 to 10.

C map
C map in Slovenia represents one layer of vulnerability map COP in Slovenia that has been applied on the area covered by karstic rocks. The map is constituated from calcualation of distance to swallow holes and sinkihg streams, slope, high and low vegetation cover. Vulnerability classes are: 0-0.2 Very High,0.2-0.4 High, 0.4-0.6 Moderate, 0.6-0.8 Low, 0.8-1.0 Very low.

factor C of DRASTIC groundwater vulnerability of Traun-Enns-Platte/AUSTRIA

Hydraulic conductivity, for Sarmatian aquifer in Dobrogea de Sud, Romania

Cadmium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Cadmio (Cd), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

CADW (CADW) Geophysical Survey WESSEX5: (17/Apr/2010 to 02/May/2010)
Wessex Archaeology (WA) was commissioned by Cadw to acquire, process and interpret marine geophysical data over a number of known and suspected wreck site locations off the coast of Wales. This survey was conducted under the Protection of Wrecks Act (1973) contract and the data is Crown Copyright©. The data were acquired and processed by Wessex Archaeology. The marine geophysical surveys targeted a total of nine suspected wreck locations in Milford Haven area, off the coast of South Wales, seven of which represent the locations for the remains of 19th century Welsh vessels associated with the coal mining industry. Additional survey data were acquired over two 20th century sites within the Milford Haven, the Thor and the Sunderland. The acquisition of these data aimed to assist RCAHMW maritime team and the Sunderland Trust with on-going archaeological research and fund-raising. The marine geophysical surveys also targeted a total of ten suspected and known wreck site locations off the coast of Lleyn peninsula in North Wales. These included eight unconfirmed positions of 19th century Welsh vessels associated with the slate mining industry, two designated sites the Diamond and the Tal-Y-Bont, and the marine hazard of St Patrick’s Causeway with the aim of discovering new wreck sites. The project aimed to acquire marine geophysical data consisting of high resolution sidescan sonar and magnetic gradiometer data over a total of total of 21 known and suspected wreck positions and along the known marine hazard of St. Patrick’s Causeway. Since the sites were located in two different areas, they were surveyed during two separate surveys from the Pembroke based vessel Blue Shark. The first session surveyed sites mostly off Milford Haven in south Wales between 17th and 18th April 2010. The second session surveyed sites off the coast of Lleyn peninsula and along St. Patrick’s Causeway in north Wales between 23rd April 2010 and 2nd May 2010 with a day of mobilisation and a day of demobilisation at the start and end of the survey session. The geology and geophysics component of the data are archived at British Geological Survey (BGS) MEDIN Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. Data were also provided to other archive centres as appropriate.

Calabria_Fabrizia PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Calabria_Fabrizia, Italy. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Calabria_Gioia_Tauro PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Calabria_Gioia_Tauro, Italy. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Calabria_Reggio_Calabria PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Calabria_Reggio_Calabria, Italy. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Calabria_Vibo_Valentia PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Calabria_Vibo_Valentia, Italy. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Calbuco airborne LiDAR and aerial photo survey (NERC grant NE/N007263/1)
Helicopter borne LiDAR and aerial photo survey of lahar pathways deposited during the April 2015 Volcan Calbuco eruption. Terrestrial Laser Scanning data for July 2015.

Calcareous Microfossil Registers.
Register of microfossil analyses carried out in the Leeds and London Office during the 1970s and 1980s held in book form and in box files. They are arranged as follows: SAA 1-4409 Calcareous Microfossils onshore; SAB1-3229 Calcareous Microfossils (London) Jurassic onshore; SAC1-3247 Calcareous microfossils (Leeds) Jurassic and Cretaceous onshore; SAD1-1593 Palaeozoic microfossils onshore; SAG 1-2062 Chalk foraminifera onshore; SAY1-1888 Calcareous microfossils offshore; SAZ1-2261 Calcareous microfossils from Continental Shelf (South).

Calcium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Calcium (Ca), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Calcium looping pilot plant experimental data for UKCCSRC Call 2 project C2-209 'UK Demonstration of Enhanced Calcium Looping, and a First Global Demonstration of Advanced Doping Techniques'
The data set encompasses the data generated through the 8 experimental runs on the 25 kWth calcium looping pilot plant at Cranfield University arranged into 8 functional Excel spreadsheets. The operational data are gathered by the acquisition with Labview software (the composition of the gas from the calciner and carbonator; temperatures of the electrical furnaces on the preheating lines and around the calciner; temperatures of the gas in the preheating lines and in the calciner) and Pico software (temperatures in the carbonator and lower loop seal and pressures in the calciner and in the carbonator). Moreover, the data from the experimental diary (inputs of gasses and solids into the rig) and the data from the post-processing of the extracted solids are included. All the data are combined into comprehensible charts that describe and explain the experimental runs together with the mass and energetic model of the system during steady state operations.

Calculating concentrations of geochemical tracers for monitoring CO2 stores
This Microsoft Excel document contains 5 worksheets providing data produced by research as part of UKCCSRC Call 1 funded project (grant number UKCCSRC-C1-31) and UKCCSRC funded international exchange. These data are presented and discussed in the manuscript "Geochemical tracers for monitoring offshore CO2 stores" by J. Roberts, S. Gilfillan, L. Stalker, M. Naylor, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2017.07.021. Then data details the assumptions around background concentrations of chemical tracers in the atmosphere and seawater, cost per litre, and how tracer detection concentrations (and so cost and potential environmental impact were calculated).

Calibration well used in the 3D study
Calibration well used in the 3D study. The attributes come from EMODnet.

Cambodia Arsenic-Prone Groundwaters (NERC grant NE/J023833/1)
The dataset comprise hydrogeochemical, isotopic and environmental geophysics data from surface waters and groundwater and sediments from scientific boreholes drilled into arsenic-prone aquifers in the Mekong River Basin. The data is divided into 5 categories: Geophysical data Hydrogeochemical data Isotopic data Sedimentary data Outreach and Dissemination Publications to date - open access linkages The data pertain to samples obtained from northern Kandal province just south of Phnom Penh in Cambodia. The data were collected over the period 2013-2016. The hydrogeochemical data were obtained by one of more of (i) in situ analytical techniques; or (ii) instrumental geochemical techniques, notably IC, ICP-AES, ICP-MS and GC-MS in the Manchester Analytical Geochemistry Unit, University of Manchester following methods as described in Richards et al. (2015, 2017). The geophysical data were obtained as described in Uhlemann et al. (2017). The data were obtained as part of a project funded by NERC Standard Research Grant NE/J023833/1 the major purpose of which was to determine the extent to which surface derived organics may be driving arsenic mobilisation in shallow circum-Himalayan aquifers, an exemplar of which is norther Kandal Province's largely Holocene aquifers to which these data refer. The data were obtained and interpreted by the University of Manchester except as follows: environmental geophysics data were obtained and interpreted by Oliver Kuras and Sebastian Uhlemann of the British Geological Survey GTOM team; tritium data were generated by Jurgen Sultenfuss of the University of Bremen; oxygen and hydrogen isotope data by SUERC, East Kilbride and carbon-14 data by the NERC Radiocarbon Laboratory at East Kilbride.

Campanian Ignimbrite glass (melt) chemistry (NERC Grant NE/S003584/1)
Major element glass chemistry of deposits of the Campanian Ignimbrite from proximal and distal units across Campania and central Italy. Details of the samples that this data relates to can be found in: Gallo, R.I., Ort, M.H., Iacovino, K., Silleni, A., Smith, V.C., Giordano, G., Isaia, R., Boro, J., 2023. Reconciling complex stratigraphic frameworks reveals temporally and geographically variable depositional patterns of the Campanian Ignimbrite, Geosphere, 22 p. doi:10.1130/GES02651.1

Carbon dioxide flux and isotopic composition from sedimentary rock weathering, Draix-Bleone Critical Zone Observatory, France
The measurements and data were obtained to study the release of carbon dioxide during the chemical weathering of sedimentary rocks, and how these CO2 fluxes were related to environmental parameters (temperature, hydrology). Weathering of sedimentary rocks can result in CO2 release from the oxidation of rock organic carbon oxidation, but also due to the oxidation of sulfide minerals, production of sulfuric acid and subsequent release of CO2 from carbonate minerals. The rock-derived carbon sources are understudied, and form an important part of the geological carbon cycle. The CO2 flux measurements were made on 5 rock chambers (H4, H6, H7, H8 and H13) installed in the Draix-Bleone Critical Zone Observatory, France, on outcrops of Jurassic marls. Measurements and data were collected from December 2016 to May 2019. Regular visits to the site (~4 per year) returned data on total CO2 flux (Total-CO2-flux.csv). This was explored as a function of temperature and ambient hydroclimate (precipitation). The datasets include the total CO2 flux measured at each visit to a chamber, and measurements of the internal chamber temperature. To determine the source of CO2 measured in the chambers, we trapped the CO2 using zeolite sieves and recovered it in the laboratory. The radiocarbon activity (reported as fraction modern, F14C) and its stable isotope composition (d13C) were measured from CO2 collected from chambers H4 and H6 over the sampling period (Radiocarbon-data.csv). These were used in a mixing analysis to partition the source of CO2 using a mixing model approach (Partitioned-CO2-fluxes.csv) as explained in full in the published paper Soulet et al., 2021, Nature Geoscience. We also measured the geochemical characteristics of the bedrocks being measured (rock-geochemical-composition.csv), including the organic carbon concentration, inorganic carbon concentration and their isotopic composition. Finally, we measured environmental variables of interest - the chamber temperature and the air temperature at the Draix-Bleone observatory (chamber-temperature.csv and Air-temperature-at-laval-le-plateau-weather-station.csv, respectively). This research was funded by a European Research Council Starting Grant to Robert Hilton (ROC-CO2 project, grant 678779) and radiocarbon and stable isotope measurements were funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), UK, (NERC Environmental Isotope Facility NEIF Radiocarbon Allocation 2074.1017) to Guillaume Soulet, Robert Hilton and Mark Garnett. Full details of data analysis and interpretation can be found in Soulet et al., 2021, Temperature control on CO2 emissions from the weathering of sedimentary rocks, Nature Geoscience

Carbon dioxide flux and isotopic composition from sedimentary rock weathering, Waiapu River catchment, New Zealand
These data were collected to study oxidative weathering processes in the Waiapu River catchment, New Zealand, with potential carbon release sourced from the oxidation of petrogenic organic carbon or carbonate dissolution coupled to the oxidation of sulfide minerals. There, in mudstones exposed in a highly erosive gully complex, in situ CO2 emissions were measured with drilled gas accumulation chambers following the design by Soulet et al. (2018, Biogeosciences 15, 4087-4102, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4087-2018). Temporal and spatial variability in CO2 flux can be put in context with environmental changes (e.g., temperature and hydrology). For this, CO2 release from 5 different chambers, which were installed over a transect of ~ 10 m length in a gully above a nearby streambed, was measured several times over a short study period (circa one week). In addition, the gaseous CO2 storage (partial pressure) in the shallow weathering zone was measured prior to a CO2 flux measurement. To understand the source of CO2, gas samples were collected and their stable and radioactive carbon isotope compositions determined. In this process, we identified a contaminant, which was associated with the chamber installation, that can be traced in the gas samples that were collected within 4 days following the installation. Details of the subsequent data analysis and interpretation can be found in: Roylands et al. 2022, Chemical Geology: Capturing the short-term variability of carbon dioxide emissions from sedimentary rock weathering in a remote mountainous catchment, New Zealand. This work was supported by the European Research Council (Starting Grant to Robert G. Hilton, ROC-CO2 project, grant 678779).

Carbon Isotopic Signatures of Microbial Lipids in Geothermal Deposits: Elucidating Thermophilic Ecology (NERC Grant NE/K006169/1)
Carbon Isotopic Signatures of Microbial Lipids in Geothermal Deposits: Elucidating Thermophilic Ecology. Lipid biomarkers were extracted and fractionated using standard methods. They were analysed via GC-MS for identification and determination of lipid distributions and abundances, and via GC-C-IRMS for carbon isotopic compositions. These methods, except for GC-IRMS, are available in in Kaur et al. (2014) DOI: 10.1007/s00792-014-0719-9. GC-IRMS methods are the same as those used in Badger et al. (2013) DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2013.0094 Sinters were collected from six active geothermal systems in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, North Island, New Zealand. Champagne Pool is located in the Waiotapu geothermal system. Opaheke Pool is located in the Reporoa Caldera situated approximately 6 km south of the Waiotapu geothermal field. These two fields are believed to be hydrologically linked (Nairn et al., 1994). Loop Road hot springs are situated in a flat, low-lying alluvial plain, a few kilometres south of Waiotapu. The Orakei Korako geothermal region is approximately 2 km2 in area and is located on the eastern margin of the Moroa Volcanic Centre. OK1 was sampled from the edge of Fred and Maggie Pool, whilst OK2 and OK3 were sampled from the outflow channel; OK1D originates from Diamond Geyser. The Sinter Flat area of Rotokawa is a cluster of geothermal springs on the northern margin of Lake Rotokawa that have created a flat terrace, mostly covered in hot pools. Further details of these sites are available in Kaur et al. (2014) DOI: 10.1007/s00792-014-0719-9.

Carbon, Hydrogen, lithophile trace element, and major element data in olivine hosted melt inclusions from four Icelandic eruptions (NERC Grant NE/M000427/1)
Data were collected on olivine hosted melt inclusions from four Icelandic eruptions: Stapafell, Haleyjabunga, Berserkjahraun and Heilagsdalsfjall. These data were released as part of the paper "The global melt inclusion C/Ba array: Mantle variability, melting process, or degassing?", published in Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, with doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2020.09.030. The data collected to place new constraints on the volatile content of the Icelandic mantle source. The data include measurement of C and H by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry, lithophile trace elements (including Ba and Nb) by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry, and measurement of major element composition of the melt inclusions and their olivine hosts by Electron Probe Microanalysis. The data were collected in 2017-2018, between Edinburgh (NERC ion probe facility) and Cambridge (EPMA).

Carbonate deep geothermal reservoirs of Europe assessed in HotLime Case Studies
Spatial product sets of the uniform mapping and assessment of 11 hydrothermal plays in deep carbonate rocks across Europe - outcomes of GeoERA HotLime project.

Carbonate weathering data from reactor experiments under a range of CO2 partial pressures (NERC Grant NE/P019730/2)
The data deposit includes results from 12 experiments that reacted carbon dioxide, seawater and limestone as a method of CO2 sequestration (as xlsx files). The data were obtained by Dr Huw Pullin, Cardiff University as part of a UKRI funded research project. Experiments were conducted under controlled temperatures (20degC), and CO2 pressures (5 and 50% v/v at 1 atm). The methods used are described in Xing et al., 2022 Chemical Engineering Journal. 431. 134096 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.134096

Carbonatite-derived, carbonate-bearing fluorapatite compositions from Kovdor, Sokli, Bukusu, Catalao II, and Glenover (NERC Grant NE/R013403/1)
Mineralogical data relating to carbonate-bearing fluorapatite from the Bukusu, Catalao II, Sokli, Kovdor and Glenover carboantite complexes. Report on the data is here: Broom-Fendley, S., Siegfried, P.R., Wall, F. et al. The origin and composition of carbonatite-derived carbonate-bearing fluorapatite deposits. Miner Deposita 56, 863-884 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-020-01010-7.

Cardiff City Regional Model
Geological model comprising artificial ground and superficial deposits in the city of Cardiff. Undifferentiated bedrock is included beneath the superficial deposits. This model provides a geological framework model and calculated surfaces for the superficial deposits for the city of Cardiff, principally Till, Glaciofluvial deposits, Alluvium and Tidal Flat Deposits.

Cardiff Urban Geo-Observatory, Groundwater Temperature Data 2014-2018
Groundwater temperature data from a shallow urban aquifer in Cardiff, Wales, UK between 2014-2018. Monitoring was undertaken as part of the ‘Cardiff Urban Geo-Observatory’ project . Boreholes are located within the urban area of the City of Cardiff, Wales, UK. The majority of temperature sensors were installed within boreholes that monitor a shallow Quaternary aged sand and gravel aquifer, however the made ground and the Triassic Mercia Mudstone also represented. Temperature sensors installed in 53 boreholes, between depths of 1.5m and 12- m below ground, with measurements every 30 minutes. The dataset comprises of just over 3.5 million temperature measurements. Monitoring was undertaken by the British Geological Survey and was designed to address knowledge gaps of subsurface urban heat island and it use for heat recovery and storage. Metadata Report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/525332/

Carte géologique internationale de l'Europe Echelle 1 à 1500000 - CGIE1500 (View Service)
Following an proposal of the Austrian geologists Franz Ritter von Hauer (1822-1899) and Eduard von Mojsisovics (1839-1907) the International Geological Congress at its meeting in Bologna 1882 decided to publish a general geological map of Europe at a scale of 1:1,500,000 in 49 sheets. Heinrich Ernst Beyrich (1815 - 1896) and Wilhelm Hauchecorne (1828 - 1900) were entrusted with the execution of this map series. Franz Heinrich August Beyschlag (1856-1935) was involved from 1893 onwards. The first complete edition of the International Geological Map of Europe was available in September 1913, 32 years after the resolution was passed. The historically significant and unique map series was scanned and georeferenced at GeoSphere Austria and is now available as a public map service.

CARTOGRAPHY OF ROCKFALLS SOURCE AREAS IN THE ISLAND OF EL HIERRO, CANARY ISLANDS
The map shows a probabilistic identification of rockfall source areas for El Hierro Island, prepared with the combination of multiple statistical models. To run the models, we have used observed source areas as dependent variable and a set of thematic information as independent variables (e.g., morphometric parameters derived from the DTM, lithological information that considers the mechanical behaviour of the rocks).

CARTOGRAPHY OF ROCKFALLS SUSCEPTIBILITY IN THE ISLAND OF EL HIERRO, CANARY ISLANDS
The map show the number of trajectories that pass through each pixel.

Catalog of geological materials

Catalogues of earthquakes in West Bohemia
Catalogues of earthquakes in West Bohema from stations of local seismic network WEBNET. Data are stored in annual files.

Causes of ice age intensification across the Mid-Pleistocene Transition. (NERC grant NE/P011381/1)
Late (0-250 ka) and middle (1050-1280 ka) Pleistocene boron isotope data from planktic foraminifera (Globigerinoides ruber) and oxygen isotopes data from benthic formainifera (Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi). Boron isotopes measured using multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (MC-ICPMS).

Cave drip water electrical conductivity data from Cueva de Asiul, Northern Spain (2010 -2014) with supporting hydrological and external climate datasets. (NERC studentship grant NE/I527953/1)
The data set provides climate and cave monitoring data from Cueva de Asiul, Cantabria, northern Spain. This data was initially presented in graphical form in Smith et al., (2015) - Drip water Electrical Conductivity as an indicator of cave ventilation at the event scale. Science of the Total Environment, 532, 517-527. All data was collected from within the cave or within a 1km radius of the cave site (43°19'0"N, 3°35'28"W) using instrumentation set up as part of a PhD project running between January 2010 and January 2014. The data set includes high resolution event based monitoring data for a range of climatic parameters - cave and external temperature, rainfall amount, soil pCO2 cave air pCO2 concentration, cave drip water calcium saturation, drip water electrical conductivity and cave air pressure. This data was analysed at Lancaster University, UK or at the NERC isotope geosciences laboratory, British Geological Survey, UK. Any missing data from this 4 year period is a result of instrument malfunction and is clearly explained within the above cited paper. The electrical conductivity component of the data set offers the first data set of this type form any cave system, using a submerged CTD Diver probe and novel piston flow housing. The rest of the data constitute a part of a larger cave monitoring data set produced during the project using a number of standard automated cave monitoring devices. When combined this data leads us to conclude that cave drip water electrical conductivity is driven primarily by changes in cave air pCO2 at Cueva de Asiul and therefore responds to cave ventilation dynamics, rather than by changes in karst water residence time. Without such extremely high resolution monitoring the impact of cave ventilation on event based changes in drip water electrical conductivity would not have been established for this site. This data set should be of interest to anyone studying similar cave sites, interested in the role of electrical conductivity as a monitoring tool within caves and cave ventilation on speleothem growth dynamics. The data set was collected by members of Lancaster University and the Matienzo caving expedition as part of NERC studentship grant NE/I527953/1. All cave monitoring was undertaken with kind permission from Gobierno de Cantabria, Cultura.

Cave monitoring data from Cueva de Asiul, northern Spain (2010-2014) which act to support palaeoclimate interpretation of speleothem deposits from this site (NERC studentship grant NE/I527953/1)
The following dataset provides climate and cave monitoring data from Cueva de Asiul northern Spain between 2010 and 2014. This data set was initially presented in Smith et al., (2016) Cave monitoring and the potential for palaeoclimate reconstruction from Cueva de Asiul, Cantabria (N. Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 45(1), 1-9. This data set represents the majority of cave monitoring undertaken at this site as part of a NERC funded PhD project (NERC studentship grant NE/I527953/1), data collection either occurred within this single cave site (43°19’0’’N, 3°35’28’’W) or within 1km of the cave in the village of Matienzo. The data set includes high resolution monitoring data for a range of climatic parameters including, cave and external temperature, rainfall direction, amount and oxygen isotope value, soil and cave air pCO2 concentration and carbon isotope value, cave drip rates and oxygen and deuterium isotope values. All data was collected using standard automated logging systems and the data/ samples were analysed either at Lancaster University, UK or at the NERC isotope geosciences laboratory, British Geological Survey, UK. Any missing data is a result of automated logger malfunction and is explained in full in the above cited paper. In combination this data offers a very high resolution, multiyear veiw into hydrological and cave ventilation processes, each of which play a major role in controlling speleothem growth and chemical makeup in Cueva de Asiul. The data set presents the pertinent background monitoring for the accurate interpretation of speleothems from this cave site. Those who may be interested in the data set include cave scientists who wish to implement a monitoring station/understand how climatic parameters influence speleothem development, or those who wish to obtain focused climate data from the Matienzo region between 2010 and 2014. The data set was collected by members of Lancaster University and the Matienzo caving expedition as part of NERC studentship grant NE/I527953/1. All cave monitoring was undertaken with kind permission from Gobierno de Cantabria, Cultura.

Cephallonia PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Cephallonia, Greece. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Cerium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Cerium (Ce), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Cesium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Cesium (Cs), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

CGS EN Bedrock and superficial geology – OneGeology-Europe
INSPIRE View Service Service displaying the GeoCR500 dataset that has been created for the OneGeology-Europe project, updated for the EGDI project in 2016.

CGS metadata catalogue
Metainformation Catalogue of the Czech Geological Survey.

CGS metadata catalogue
CGS Metadata catalogue is the central access point to search information (metadata) about data sources that are maintained and provided for public by the Czech Geological Survey. It is based on MIcKA system, which enables the user to work with metadata of spatial data in accordance with international standards (ISO, OGC and INSPIRE). Metadata are administered centrally in a database, edited and viewed through a web interface, and published by means of a standardized catalogue service (CS-W).

Classified Fault Network
GeoMol Pilot Area Upper Austria - Upper Bavaria: Map of the structural inventory (major faults and fault zones) at the base of the Older Lower Marine Molasse. Distinguished are synthetic and antithetic systems, the latter being prerequisite for structural traps. Map derived from the 3D geological model as prepared in the GeoMol Project. Details in the Project Report http://www.geomol.eu/report/

Clay Mineralogy of Miocene to recent sediments collected at Site U1521 during International Ocean Discovery Programme (IODP) Expedition 374 to the Ross Sea, Antarctica
This dataset comprises 35 samples analysed for clay mineralogy from IODP Expedition 374 Site U1521 to the Ross Sea, collected on the RV JOIDES Resolution. Shipboard biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy suggests the samples are mainly early Miocene in age (McKay et al., 2019, Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program). The uppermost samples do, however, include younger Plio-Pleistocene sediments.

Climate History Controls Future Landslide Hazard (NERC grant NE/J009067/1)
Supplementary material and link to published paper - Colluvium Supply in Humid Regions limits the Frequency of storm-triggered Landslides. DOI:10.1038/srep34438 Colluvium depth observations measured in the apexes of colluvial hollows in Macon County, North Carolina. Colluvium depths were measured using a soil tile probe (STD>0) and in pits excavated to bedrock (STD=0). Hollow axis gradient and hollow concavity were measured from a 6 m LiDAR derived DEM. Citation: PARKER, R. N., HALES, T. C., MUDD, S. M., GRIEVE, S. W. D. & CONSTANTINE, J. A. 2016. Colluvium supply in humid regions limits the frequency of storm-triggered landslides. Scientific Reports, 6, 34438.

Climate model data presented in manuscript "The 8.2 ka cooling event caused by Laurentide ice saddle collapse" by Matero et al. (2017) NERC doctoral training grant NE/L002574/1
General circulation model (HadCM3) output of the study by Matero et al. (2017) “The 8.2 ka cooling event caused by Laurentide ice saddle collapse. Data has been processed into netCDF4 - timeseries, and includes the following variables at model resolution: ocean temperature, ocean salinity, precipitation, air temperature at 2m height, depth of the oceanic mixed layer, sea ice concentration and meridional overturning circulation strength. The atmosphere component of the model has a horizontal resolution of 2.5° x 3.75° with 19 unevenly spaced vertical layers. The ocean component has a horizontal resolution of 1.25° x 1.25° with 20 unevenly spaced vertical layers. For more information see published paper, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.06.011

CLR - Centre for Lithospheric Research
Website of the CGS "Centre for Lithospheric Research" (CLR). The main focus of research group is to develop a new research linking geodynamics of Pacific type accretionary and Tethysian collisional systems. The main processes studied is the flow of orogenic lower crust in these orogens, rheological behavior of the lithosphere and mechanisms of continental growth. The research is carried out together with research partners: Institute of Petrology and Structural Geology of Charles University and the Geophysical Institute of Academy of Science.
The website provides basic information about research team, main research interests and projects, publications and funding resources.

Clumped and stable Isotope Data for the Falkland Plateau and Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 511 (NERC grant NE/J020842/1)
Clumped isotope analyses, raw data, replicates and temperatures calculated using the empirical calibration of Wacker et al. (2014), recalculated using the [Brand] isotopic parameters.

CO2-induced salt precipitation test in sandstone (NERC Grant NE/R013535/1)
Here we present the dataset collected during a CO2 flow-through test using a synthetic sandstone of high porosity and permeability, originally saturated with high salinity brine, performed under realistic shallow reservoir conditions stress. During the test, we collect geophysical data (elastic and electrical properties) which record petrophysical variations in the rock related to the precipitation of salt, induced by a continuous CO2 flow through the sample.

CO2-SPICER (project)
Website of the project "CO2-SPICER - CO2 Storage Pilot in a Carbonate Reservoir" (2021 -2024). If the overall objective is successfully achieved, it will be the first CO2 storage pilot project in Central and Eastern Europe. In addition, the CO2-SPICER project will significantly increase the technological readiness level of CO2 geological storage in the Czech Republic and, at the same time, represent a significant step towards the deployment of the CCS technology in Central Europe.

CO2 Flow Metering
UKCCSRC Flexible Funding 2020. The experimental data was collected on a 1-inch bore gas-liquid two-phase CO2 flow rig in real time. The first column of the table is the time stamp. The second to 19th columns are the mass flowrates, temperatures, densities and tube frequencies from Coriolis flowmeters installed on the gas phase section, liquid phase section, horizontal test section and vertical test section, respectively. The last column of the datafile is the reading from the differential pressure (DP) transducer installed across the Coriolis flowmeter on the horizontal test section. UKCCSRC Flexible Funding 2020: Monitoring of CO2 flow under CCS conditions through multi-modal sensing and machine learning.

CO2 leakage detection
UKCCSRC Flexible Funding 2020. Experimental data are the acoustic emission (AE) signals collected with three AE sensors when CO2 leak from a CO2 storage cylinder under different pressures. '5MPa_20kgh-1' means the data was collected when the pressure was 5MPa and the leakage rate was 20 kg/h. The sampling frequency of AE signals is 3MHz. UKCCSRC Flexible Funding 2020: Monitoring of CO2 flow under CCS conditions through multi-modal sensing and machine learning.

CO2 release field experiment global metadata
Compilation of CO2 release field experiments conducted worldwide for which the research results are publicly available prior to May 2017. This includes 14 field sites and 41 field experiments. For each field site, where possible, there is data on: The project: including primary aims, partners, total funding, duration, current status, website. Site information: including geology (target formation and overburden), hydrology, environment. Field experiment set-up: including injection depth, well orientation. Summary activity: total number of experiments at the site, total CO2 released. For each experiment at each site, where possible, there is data on: Injection parameters, including injection strategy, rate, duration, start and end date, CO2 source and properties, use of tracers; Site parameters, such as groundwater depth at time of experiment; Leakage to surface, including whether CO2 leakage to surface occurred, quantitation; Characteristics of surface leakage, including location, distribution, time taken to reach surface, evolution as experiment progresses; Subsurface CO2 spread, in soil gas and groundwater interaction, environmental impact; Monitoring including area monitored, duration of monitoring before, during, and after the release. Data sources are clearly cited. Paper reference:

CO2GeoNet Paper: Carbonation of borehole seals: Comparing evidence from short-term laboratory experiments and long-term natural analogues
It is crucial that the engineered seals of boreholes in the vicinity of a deep storage facility remain effective for considerable timescales if the long-term geological containment of stored CO2 is to be effective. These timescales extend beyond those achievable by laboratory experiments or industrial experience. Study of the carbonation of natural Ca silicate hydrate (CSH) phases provides a useful insight into the alteration processes and evolution of cement phases over long-timescales more comparable with those considered in performance assessments. Samples from two such natural analogues in Northern Ireland have been compared with samples from laboratory experiments on the carbonation of Portland cement. Samples showed similar carbonation reaction processes even though the natural and experimental samples underwent carbonation under very different conditions and timescales. These included conversion of the CSH phases to CaCO3 and SiO2, and the formation of a well-defined reaction front. In laboratory experiments the reaction front is associated with localised Ca migration, localised matrix porosity increase, and localised shrinkage of the cement matrix with concomitant cracking. Behind the reaction front is a zone of CaCO3 precipitation that partly seals porosity. A broader and more porous/permeable reaction zone was created in the laboratory experiments compared to the natural samples, and it is possible that short-term experiments might not fully replicate slower, longer-term processes. That the natural samples had only undergone limited carbonation, even though they had been exposed to atmospheric CO2 or dissolved View the MathML sourceHCO3- in groundwater for several thousands of years, may indicate that the limited amounts of carbonate mineral formation may have protected the CSH phases from further reaction. doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2012.09.007.

Co2SiO4 rheology (NERC Grant NE/L006898/1)
Synchrotron X-radiography (images) and diffraction data collected to measure rheology of olivine and ringwoodite structured Co2SiO4.

Coal Authority Borehole Log Data.
This dataset is an archive of original data for the geophysical logging of boreholes drilled by the National Coal Board (NCB) and its successor, British Coal Corporation (BCC). Data coverage is UK wide and dates from the 1970's to the privatisation of the coal mining industry, in 1994. The dataset includes approximately 2000 field data recording tapes and processed data tapes. The processed data tapes are at various stages of processing and consist of edited data and computed (CSU) data (not available for all boreholes). The data are kept as archive copies. The data are owned by the Coal Authority (CA), as successor to the NCB and BCC, BGS being the custodian under an agreement with the Coal Authority. No full catalogue or index available yet.

Coal Authority Microfiche Statutory Mine Plans
BGS holds a disaster recovery copy of the microfiche of the statutory mine abandonment plans for the Coal Authority. This collection is an incomplete copy of the mine plans deposited with the Coal Authority and held on behalf of the Health and Safety Executive under statutory legislation. Not for public use.

Coal Authority Seismic Survey Data.
This data set is an archive of original data for the seismic reflection surveys conducted by the National Coal Board (NCB) and its successor, British Coal Corporation (BCC). The data consists of observers' logs, surveyors' reports, (some 3000 files of written records), location data, field data records and processed data. The processed data are at various stages of processing from demultiplexed field data to migrated stack (not all available for all profiles). The data were originally recorded on over 13000 tapes and have been transcribed to more modern media in Tape Image Format (TIF/ARC) to retain the tape block integrity. These data are owned by the Coal Authority (CA), as successor to the NCB and BCC, BGS being the custodian under an agreement with the CA. The Coal authority surveys cover various areas in the UK, shot and processed or reprocessed between 1973-94. There is at an initial estimate half a terabyte of Coal Authority data. The seismic data will be stored as standard format SEGY files which can be read by a variety of software packages designed to manipulate seismic data. Catalogue available.

Coal Resources Map of Britain
Coal resource maps for the whole of the UK have been produced by the British Geological Survey as a result of joint work with Department of Trade and Industry and the Coal Authority. The Coal Resources Map is a Map of Britain depicting the spatial extent of the principal coal resources. The map shows the areas where coal and lignite are present at the surface and also where coal is buried at depth beneath younger rocks. The maps are intended to be used for resource development, energy policy, strategic planning, land-use planning, the indication of hazard in mined areas, environment assessment and as a teaching aid. In addition to a general map of coal resources for Britain data also exists for the six inset maps: Scotland; North-East; North-West; East Pennines; Lancashire, North Wales and the West Midlands; South Wales, Forest of Dean and Bristol. Available as a paper map, flat or folded, from BGS Sales or as a pdf on a CD if requested.

Coastal and Submarine Springs
Coastal and submarine springs subdivided as: 1. Coastal; 2. Submarine; 3. Other. Where information on the genesis of the feature is available that is also given e.g. geological fault (FEA_GEN_TY). The rate of flow in m3 / second is specified if known. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

Coastal Landforms - lines
Coastal Landforms created during periods of lower sea level. These features may or may not be submerged today (e.g. as a result of isostatic rebound). Where possible these have been subdivided into the type of Coastal Landform e.g. Beachrock, Littoral deposit, Coastal dunes, Cliff, Sand bars, beach ridges, Other. Where information is available on the genesis of the beach deposit this has been provided, e.g. foreshore sediment, aeolian sediment (e.g. dunes). Where information on sediment grain size and composition is available this has been provided. Uncemented/cemented (e.g. beach rock). Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

Coastal Landforms - polygons
Coastal Landforms created during periods of lower sea level. These features may or may not be submerged today (e.g. as a result of isostatic rebound). Where possible these have been subdivided into the type of Coastal Landform e.g. Beachrock, Littoral deposit, Coastal dunes, Cliff, Sand bars, beach ridges, Other. Where information is available on the genesis of the beach deposit this has been provided, e.g. foreshore sediment, aeolian sediment (e.g. dunes). Where information on sediment grain size and composition is available this has been provided. Uncemented/cemented (e.g. beach rock). Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

Coastal migration from Field Data
Pan-European coastline-migration map at zoomable scale. The map is collated and harmonized from field-monitoring data and aerial photography provided by partners of EMODnet Geology. Where no such coastline-migration data were available, information from the EUROSION project is provided. For remaining gaps, please consult the coastline-migration map based on satellite data. The main attributes denote degree of landward (by erosion or submergence) or seaward (by accretion or emergence) change. In the visualization provided, three classes are distinguished: landward migration, stable coastline, seaward migration. The criterion for stable coastlines is ≤0.5 meter net change per year over a 10-year period. The current version was finalized in January 2021.

Coastal migration from field data Original (0-80K)
Pan-European coastline-migration map at zoomable scale. The map is collated and harmonized from field-monitoring data and aerial photography provided by partners of EMODnet Geology. Where no such coastline-migration data were available, information from the EUROSION project is provided. For remaining gaps, please consult the coastline-migration map based on satellite data. The main attributes denote degree of landward (by erosion or submergence) or seaward (by accretion or emergence) change. In the visualization provided, three classes are distinguished: landward migration, stable coastline, seaward migration. The criterion for stable coastlines is ≤0.5 meter net change per year over a 10-year period. The current version was finalized in January 2021.

Coastal migration from field data Original (1250K-3M)
Pan-European coastline-migration map at zoomable scale. The map is collated and harmonized from field-monitoring data and aerial photography provided by partners of EMODnet Geology. Where no such coastline-migration data were available, information from the EUROSION project is provided. For remaining gaps, please consult the coastline-migration map based on satellite data. The main attributes denote degree of landward (by erosion or submergence) or seaward (by accretion or emergence) change. In the visualization provided, three classes are distinguished: landward migration, stable coastline, seaward migration. The criterion for stable coastlines is ≤0.5 meter net change per year over a 10-year period. The current version was finalized in January 2021.

Coastal migration from field data Original (250K-350K)

Coastal migration from field data Original (350K-450K)

Coastal migration from field data Original (3M-90M)

Coastal migration from field data Original (450K-650K)

Coastal migration via satellite data
The shoreline is a highly dynamic land-sea interface that provides important services such as ecology, flood protection and recreation. It is constantly modified by wind, waves and tides, and impacted by human activity. Hence, the decadal change of shorelines reflect natural processes as well as human influence, whether positive or negative. Climatic-driven changes such as sea level rise, higher waves and changes in wind direction put increasing pressure on many of Europe’s shorelines. Knowing how, and at what rate, our coasts are changing is the first step to successfully managing them. The new EMODnet Geology shoreline-migration map, released today, allows users to visualise pan-European coastal behaviour for 2007-2017 at different spatial scales. A built-in search and zoom functionality allows online users to distinguish areas of landward migration (erosion or submergence), stability, and seaward migration (accretion or emergence). The underlying, downloadable satellite-based dataset offers additional information on annual values and uncertainty. With the new map, international policy makers can determine large-scale coastal vulnerability while national and regional coastal managers are able to fill existing gaps in field-monitoring data and to identify potential areas of rapid change. The map also provides the general public with a useful insight into one of Europe’s most obvious climate-change effects. Most importantly, scientists may explain spatial patterns and provide feedback on methodological advantages as well as shortcomings, thus helping to optimise the big-data methodology used.

Coastal migration via satellite data (0-40k)
Thanks to the public availability of satellite data (optical imagery of ESA Sentinel 2 and NASA Landsat 5, 7 & 8 with pixel resolutions of 10-30 metres and a revisit time of 1 to 2 weeks) and new analytical tools for processing big data (such as the Google Earth Engine), the EMODnet Geology team in collaboration with Deltares and TNO (Geological Survey of the Netherlands) were able to look at shoreline migration in a new way. Scripts for automated detection of the land-water boundary were used to separate land from water in annual image composites for the period 2007-2017. During this process, data points were generated for each part along the European shoreline. These points were then averaged by year and analysed for a decadal period. Visualising pan-European shoreline change means making choices, like defining a stable shoreline for example. A mean rate of 0.5 metre per year was chosen, though this rate depends on the landscape: granite cliffs for example shows less decadal dynamics compared to a sandy barrier island. The spatial resolution of the method, depending on the pixel resolution of the individual satellite images which is about 10 metres, is still limiting. Validations of abovementioned method have shown that the method is less accurate in case of bluffs, cliffs and muddy coasts, and as such further validations will need to take place. EMODnet Geology hopes that by releasing the satellite-based dataset now, coastal experts and other end users will be able to discover and communicate possibilities and limitations of automated methods for the extraction of shoreline position and quantification of annual to decadal change. To help in this process, a companion map showing shoreline migration on the basis of field data and expert is made available, thereby facilitating a first-order comparison.

Coastal migration via satellite data (1250k-3M)
Thanks to the public availability of satellite data (optical imagery of ESA Sentinel 2 and NASA Landsat 5, 7 & 8 with pixel resolutions of 10-30 metres and a revisit time of 1 to 2 weeks) and new analytical tools for processing big data (such as the Google Earth Engine), the EMODnet Geology team in collaboration with Deltares and TNO (Geological Survey of the Netherlands) were able to look at shoreline migration in a new way. Scripts for automated detection of the land-water boundary were used to separate land from water in annual image composites for the period 2007-2017. During this process, data points were generated for each part along the European shoreline. These points were then averaged by year and analysed for a decadal period. Visualising pan-European shoreline change means making choices, like defining a stable shoreline for example. A mean rate of 0.5 metre per year was chosen, though this rate depends on the landscape: granite cliffs for example shows less decadal dynamics compared to a sandy barrier island. The spatial resolution of the method, depending on the pixel resolution of the individual satellite images which is about 10 metres, is still limiting. Validations of abovementioned method have shown that the method is less accurate in case of bluffs, cliffs and muddy coasts, and as such further validations will need to take place. EMODnet Geology hopes that by releasing the satellite-based dataset now, coastal experts and other end users will be able to discover and communicate possibilities and limitations of automated methods for the extraction of shoreline position and quantification of annual to decadal change. To help in this process, a companion map showing shoreline migration on the basis of field data and expert is made available, thereby facilitating a first-order comparison.

Coastal migration via satellite data (150k-250k)
Thanks to the public availability of satellite data (optical imagery of ESA Sentinel 2 and NASA Landsat 5, 7 & 8 with pixel resolutions of 10-30 metres and a revisit time of 1 to 2 weeks) and new analytical tools for processing big data (such as the Google Earth Engine), the EMODnet Geology team in collaboration with Deltares and TNO (Geological Survey of the Netherlands) were able to look at shoreline migration in a new way. Scripts for automated detection of the land-water boundary were used to separate land from water in annual image composites for the period 2007-2017. During this process, data points were generated for each part along the European shoreline. These points were then averaged by year and analysed for a decadal period. Visualising pan-European shoreline change means making choices, like defining a stable shoreline for example. A mean rate of 0.5 metre per year was chosen, though this rate depends on the landscape: granite cliffs for example shows less decadal dynamics compared to a sandy barrier island. The spatial resolution of the method, depending on the pixel resolution of the individual satellite images which is about 10 metres, is still limiting. Validations of abovementioned method have shown that the method is less accurate in case of bluffs, cliffs and muddy coasts, and as such further validations will need to take place. EMODnet Geology hopes that by releasing the satellite-based dataset now, coastal experts and other end users will be able to discover and communicate possibilities and limitations of automated methods for the extraction of shoreline position and quantification of annual to decadal change. To help in this process, a companion map showing shoreline migration on the basis of field data and expert is made available, thereby facilitating a first-order comparison.

Coastal migration via satellite data (250k-350k)

Coastal migration via satellite data (350k-450k)

Coastal migration via satellite data (3M-100M)

Coastal type
Pan-European map of morphological and lithological coastal type at zoomable scale. The map is collated and harmonised from geological maps provided by partners of EMODnet Geology. Where no such data were available, information from the EUROSION project is provided. The main attributes denote several types of rocky coast, beach, inshore area and artificial coast. The current version was finalised in May 2021.

Coastal type (0-80K)
Pan-European map of morphological and lithological coastal type at zoomable scale. The map is collated and harmonised from geological maps provided by partners of EMODnet Geology. Where no such data were available, information from the EUROSION project is provided. The main attributes denote several types of rocky coast, beach, inshore area and artificial coast. The current version was finalised in May 2021.

Coastal type (1250K-3M)
Pan-European map of morphological and lithological coastal type at zoomable scale. The map is collated and harmonised from geological maps provided by partners of EMODnet Geology. Where no such data were available, information from the EUROSION project is provided. The main attributes denote several types of rocky coast, beach, inshore area and artificial coast. The current version was finalised in May 2021.

Coastal type (150K-250k)

Coastal type (250K-350K)

Coastal type (350K-450K)

Coastal type (3M-90M)

Coastal type (450K-650K)

Coastline migration from field-monitoring

Cobalt CBA favourability map of Europe
Cell based associations (CBA) prospectivity map for cobalt in Europe.

Cobalt isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Cobalt (Co), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Cobalt metallogenic map of Europe
Overview map showing the approximate extent of the key Cobalt metallogenic areas in Europe.

Cobalt pan-European metallogenic map in land and Seafloor
Overview map showing the approximate extent of the key Cobalt metallogenic areas in land and European seas.

Cobalt rich ferromanganese crusts
The GSI, as partner and Work Package 7 (Minerals) leader of EMODnet Geology Phase II, are compiling information on cobalt rich ferromanganese crusts. EMODnet partners are submitting the mapped extent of cobalt rich ferromanganese crusts and established information; here you can view data collated thus far. Cobalt rich ferromanganese crusts are metallic mineral deposits that often form at depths between 400 to 4000 metres, as thin layers on the flanks of seamounts and submarine volcanoes. The crusts accumulate when manganese, iron and trace metals including cobalt, copper, nickel and platinum dissolved in sea water are precipitated onto the volcanic substrate. Marine ferromanganese crust deposits are potential mineral resources that contain base metals and strategic and critical elements such as cooper (Cu), cobalt (Co), vanadium (V), nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), platinum group elements (PGEs) or rare earth elements (REEs). Traditionally, marine precipitates are defined as: a) purely hydrogenetic when all constituents are derived from cold seawater, (b) diagenetic, when all constituents are derived from cold sediment pore water; and (c) hydrothermal when precipitation occurs in the vicinity of hydrothermal vent sites from fluids with temperatures higher than ambient bottom waters. Hydrogenetic Fe-Mn crusts occur throughout the global ocean on seamounts, ridges and plateaus, where currents have kept the rocks free of sediment for millions of years. Some ferromanganese (Fe-Mn) crusts exhibit a mixed origin, primarily either hydrothermal-hydrogenetic or hydrogenetic-diagenetic.

Cobalt rich ferromanganese crusts (points)
The GSI, as partner and Work Package 7 (Minerals) leader of EMODnet Geology Phase II, are compiling information on cobalt rich ferromanganese crusts. EMODnet partners are submitting the mapped extent of cobalt rich ferromanganese crusts and established information; here you can view data collated thus far. Cobalt rich ferromanganese crusts are metallic mineral deposits that often form at depths between 400 to 4000 metres, as thin layers on the flanks of seamounts and submarine volcanoes. The crusts accumulate when manganese, iron and trace metals including cobalt, copper, nickel and platinum dissolved in sea water are precipitated onto the volcanic substrate. Marine ferromanganese crust deposits are potential mineral resources that contain base metals and strategic and critical elements such as cooper (Cu), cobalt (Co), vanadium (V), nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), platinum group elements (PGEs) or rare earth elements (REEs). Traditionally, marine precipitates are defined as: a) purely hydrogenetic when all constituents are derived from cold seawater, (b) diagenetic, when all constituents are derived from cold sediment pore water; and (c) hydrothermal when precipitation occurs in the vicinity of hydrothermal vent sites from fluids with temperatures higher than ambient bottom waters. Hydrogenetic Fe-Mn crusts occur throughout the global ocean on seamounts, ridges and plateaus, where currents have kept the rocks free of sediment for millions of years. Some ferromanganese (Fe-Mn) crusts exhibit a mixed origin, primarily either hydrothermal-hydrogenetic or hydrogenetic-diagenetic.

COG3: The geology, geometallurgy and geomicrobiology of cobalt resources leading to new product streams (NERC grant NE/M011518/1)
Sample list and experimental conditions. Ilumina Mi Sequencing OTU results for samples from Acoje Nickel Laterite, Philippines and Shevchenko, Ukraine. Illumina Mi Sequencing Results from Acoje, Philippines and Shevchenko Ukraine. These data are from a proof of concept study examining the bioextraction of cobalt and nickel from laterites stored at the Natural history Museum. The data here represent the sequencing of the microbial populations in the laterite samples from Acoje, Philippines, and Shevchenko, Ukraine.

Collapsible deposits dataset (5km Hex-Grid) version 7
The 5km Hex GS Collapsible Deposits dataset shows a generalised view of the GeoSure Collapsible Deposits v7 dataset to a hexagonal grid resolution of 64.95km coverage area (side length of 5km). This dataset indicates areas of potential ground movement in a helpful and user-friendly format. The rating is based on a highest level of susceptibility identified within that Hex area: Low (1), Moderate (2), Significant (3). Areas of localised significant rating are also indicated. The summarising process via spatial statistics at this scale may lead to under or over estimation of the extent of a hazard. The supporting GeoSure reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. The reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. The Collapsible Ground dataset provides an assessment of the potential for a geological deposit to collapse (to subside rapidly) as a consequence of a metastable microfabric in loessic material. Such metastable material is prone to collapse when it is loaded (as by construction of a building, for example) and then saturated by water (as by rising groundwater, for example). Collapse may cause damage to overlying property. The methodology is based on the BGS Digital Map (DiGMapGB-50) and expert knowledge of the origin and behaviour of the formations so defined. It provides complete coverage of Great Britain, subject to revision in line with changes in DiGMapGB lithology codes and methodological improvements.

Collapsible deposits dataset (5km Hex-Grid) version 8
The 5km Hex GS Collapsible Deposits dataset shows a generalised view of the GeoSure Collapsible Deposits v8 dataset to a hexagonal grid resolution of 64.95km coverage area (side length of 5km). This dataset indicates areas of potential ground movement in a helpful and user-friendly format. The rating is based on a highest level of susceptibility identified within that Hex area: Low (1), Moderate (2), Significant (3). Areas of localised significant rating are also indicated. The summarising process via spatial statistics at this scale may lead to under or over estimation of the extent of a hazard. The supporting GeoSure reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. The reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. The Collapsible Ground dataset provides an assessment of the potential for a geological deposit to collapse (to subside rapidly) as a consequence of a metastable microfabric in loessic material. Such metastable material is prone to collapse when it is loaded (as by construction of a building, for example) and then saturated by water (as by rising groundwater, for example). Collapse may cause damage to overlying property. The methodology is based on the BGS Digital Map (DiGMapGB-50) and expert knowledge of the origin and behaviour of the formations so defined. It provides complete coverage of Great Britain, subject to revision in line with changes in DiGMapGB lithology codes and methodological improvements.

Collection of data supporting PhD Thesis 'Development of coupled processes numerical models of tracer, colloid and radionuclide tranpsort in field migration experiments' by B Harvey, HydroFrame WP5 (NERC grant NE/L000687/1)
Collection of data from the PhD Thesis 'Development of coupled processes numerical models of tracer, colloid and radionuclide tranpsort in field migration experiments', submitted as part of the RATE HydroFrame WP5. This collection of data includes blank model files in COMSOL Multiphysics and PHREEQC, as described in the PhD thesis. Also included in this data package are different spreadsheets with model outputs from the model files that describe the transport of conservative tracers, colloids and radionuclides in experiments carried out at the Grimsel Test Site, Switzerland as part of the Colloid Radionuclide and Retardation (CRR) and the Colloid Formation and Migration (CFM) experiments (www.grimsel.com).

Collection of data supporting PhD Thesis "Thermo-mechanical loading of intact rock and discontinuities" by J Woodman
Collection of data from the PhD Thesis "Thermo-mechanical loading of intact rock and discontinuities" by J Woodman. This collection of data includes raw logged .csv datafiles of uniaxial compression testing and triaxial compression testing on intact synthetic compositions, as well as intact and discontinuous specimens of Thornhill Rock and Midgley Grit at both ambient temperatures, and temperatures up to 100°C.

Collections Of Aerial Photographs.
Collections of Aerial Photographs purchased or obtained by BGS and its precursors as part of its surveying activities. Data covers mainly Great Britain or areas where BGS has worked overseas and dates from the 1940's. The collection is incomplete and there are copyright and other constraints on its use.

Compaction in the Skaergaard Intrusion (NERC grant NE/J021520/1)
Electron backscatter diffraction data for cumulates from the Skaergaard Intrusion of East Greenland. 12 samples from the Skaergaard Intrusion: 9 from the Layered Series, and 3 from the trough layering. Layered Series samples have a prefix LS; Trough layer samples have a prefix TB.

Comparative performance of rural water supplies during drought - dataset (NERC grant NE/R000069/1)
Ethiopia experienced severe drought in 2015-16. Many rural communities experienced declines in the performance of their water supply systems. As a result UNICEF commissioned a real-time monitoring and responsive operation and maintenance programme for point source rural water supplies across Central, Northern and Eastern Ethiopia. The water point monitoring survey was coordinated by UNICEF and conducted by World Vision Ethiopia and Oxfam Ethiopia. Data was collected between January and May 2016. Akvo Flow, a mobile survey tool, was used to collect data using questionnaires which were completed by enumerators and uploaded to central servers in near real time. The dataset includes data on functionality, access, usage and water quantity from 5196 rural water points. UNICEF provided the dataset to BGS. BGS reorganised, cleaned, and conducted quality control and analysis of the dataset. A companion paper has been published with more details of the methodology and results of the monitoring survey, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-14839-3

Comparative performance of rural water supplies during drought - dataset (UKRI grant NE/R000069/1) (WITHDRAWN DATASET)
**THIS DATASET HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN** Ethiopia experienced severe drought in 2015-16. Many rural communities experienced declines in the performance of their water supply systems. As a result UNICEF commissioned a real-time monitoring and responsive operation and maintenance programme for point source rural water supplies across Central, Northern and Eastern Ethiopia. The water point monitoring survey was coordinated by UNICEF and conducted by World Vision Ethiopia and Oxfam Ethiopia. Data was collected between January and May 2016. Akvo Flow, a mobile survey tool, was used to collect data using questionnaires which were completed by enumerators and uploaded to central servers in near real time. The dataset includes data on functionality, access, usage and water quantity from 5196 rural water points. UNICEF provided the dataset to BGS. BGS reorganised, cleaned, and conducted quality control and analysis of the dataset. A companion paper has been published with more details of the methodology and results of the monitoring survey, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-14839-3

Compilation of Mineral and Glass Compositions erupted at Villarrica volcano, Chile (NERC Grant NE/S007458/1)
A compilation of mineral and glass compositions erupted at Villarrica volcano, Chile, measured by electron microprobe. Data are sourced from published articles, theses and unpublished works. Minerals and glasses are from deposits erupted over the last 100ka. This is supporting data for the manuscript entitled 'Insights into Magma Storage Beneath a Frequently Erupting Arc Volcano (Villarrica, Chile) from Unsupervised Machine Learning Analysis of Mineral Compositions' by F. O. Boschetty, D. J. Ferguson, J. A Cortés, E. Morgado, S. K. Ebmeier, D. J. Morgan, J. E. Romero and C. Silva Parejas.

Compilation of sediment core data from the glacial North Pacific, sourced from the literature. (NERC grant NE/N011716/1)
Collection of North Pacific core-top foraminifera census data. Grant abstract: The geological record offers an invaluable window into the different ways earth's climate can operate. The most recent large-scale changes in earth's climate, prior to modern climate change, were the Pleistocene glacial cycles, which feature growth and disintegration of large ice sheets, rapid shifts in major rain belts, and abrupt changes in ocean circulation. Changes in atmospheric CO2 concentrations, reconstructed from air bubbles in ice cores, are intimately linked with these ice age climate events. Indeed the close coupling of CO2 and temperature over glacial-interglacial cycles has become an iconic image in climate science, a poster child for the importance of CO2 in climate, and the natural template against which to compare current man-made CO2 rise. However despite the high profile of glacial-interglacial CO2 change, we still don't fully understand its cause. The leading hypotheses for glacial CO2 change involve increased CO2 uptake by the ocean during ice ages, which is vented to the atmosphere during deglaciation. However despite decades of work these hypotheses have had few direct tests, due to a lack of data on CO2 storage in the glacial ocean. One of the most glaring holes in our understanding of ice age CO2 and climate change is the behaviour of the Pacific. This basin contains half of global ocean volume, and ~30 times more CO2 than the atmosphere, and so its behaviour will have global impact. It has also recently been suggested that the North Pacific may play an active role in deglacial CO2 rise, with local deep water formation helping to release CO2 from the deep ocean to the atmosphere. If correct, this hypothesis provides a new view of Earth's climate system, with deep water able to form in each high latitude basin in the recent past, and the North Pacific potentially playing a pivotal role in deglaciation. However few data exist to test either the long-standing ideas on the Pacific's role in glacial CO2 storage, nor the more recent hypothesis that North Pacific deep water contributed to rapid deglacial CO2 rise. Given the size of the Pacific CO2 reservoir, our lack of knowledge on its behaviour is a major barrier to a full understanding of glacial-interglacial CO2 change and the climate of the ice ages. This proposal aims to transform our understanding of ice age CO2 and climate change, by investigating how the deep North Pacific stored CO2 during ice ages, and released it back to the atmosphere during deglaciations. We will use cutting-edge geochemical measurements of boron isotopes in microfossil shells (which record the behaviour of CO2 in seawater) and radiocarbon (which records how recently deep waters left the surface ocean), on recently collected samples from deep ocean sediment cores. By comparing these new records to other published data, we will be able to distinguish between different mechanisms of CO2 storage in the deep Pacific, and to test the extent of North Pacific deep water formation and CO2 release during the last deglaciation. We will also improve the techniques used to make boron isotope measurements, and add new constraints on the relationship between boron isotopes and seawater CO2 chemistry, which will help other groups using this technique to study CO2 change. To help us understand more about the mechanisms of changes in CO2 and ocean circulation, and provide synergy with scientists in other related disciplines, we will compare our data to results from earth system models, and collaborate with experts on nutrient cycling and climate dynamics. Our project will ultimately improve understanding of CO2 exchange between the ocean and the atmosphere, which is an important factor for predicting the path of future climate change.

Compilation of: QEMSCAN; whole-rock, quartz and zircon geochemistry; zircon Lu-Hf isotopes; molybdenite Re-Os geochronology; and zircon U-Pb CA-ID-TIMS data from the Yerington Batholith, Nevada, USA (NERC Grant NE/L002434/1)
Petrographic, whole-rock, quartz and zircon geochemistry, zircon Lu-Hf isotopes, molybdenite Re-Os geochronology and zircon U-Pb CA-ID-TIMS data from the Yerington Batholith, Nevada, USA. This data set comprises 10 .xlsx files collected during 2017-2022, as summarised below. They are each numbered as per their place as Supplementary Data within L. C. Carter’s PhD thesis “Exsolution depth and migration pathways of mineralising fluids in porphyry deposit-forming magmatic systems” (Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter). 3.1_QEMSCAN data – QEMSCAN automated mineralogical assessment of a thin section made from drill core from the Ann Mason porphyry deposit, containing quartz unidirectional solidification textures (USTs) interlaid with aplite, hosted within an aplite dyke that cross-cuts a porphyry dyke. Analysed at Camborne School of Mines. 3.2 EPMA data – trace elements (Ti, Fe, Al) of quartz USTs, measured by EPMA spot analysis at Camborne School of Mines. 4.1 EPMA and IBA analyses – trace elements of quartz in miarolitic cavities and aplite dykes, measured by EPMA spot analysis at Camborne School of Mines and Total-IBA at UKNIBC, University of Surrey. Also includes Total-IBA map of titanium in quartz in a miarolitic cavity hosted in an aplite dyke. 4.2 QEMCAN data - QEMSCAN automated mineralogical assessment of a thin section of a mineralised miarolitic cavity hosted within an aplite dyke which cross-cuts the Luhr Hill granite. Analysed at Camborne School of Mines. 5.1 Full sample list – Full sample list for the following data sets. 5.2 Geochronology data – Zircon U-Pb CA-ID-TIMS geochronology data from across the Yerington batholith, analysed at NIGL, BGS. Molybdenite Re-Os geochronology data from the Ann Mason porphyry deposit, analysed at Durham University. 5.3 QEMCAN data - QEMSCAN automated mineralogical assessments of thin sections of a miarolitic cavities hosted within aplite dykes. Analysed at Camborne School of Mines. 5.4 Whole rock geochem data – Whole rock major (XRF) and trace element (ICP-MS) geochemistry data, analysed at University of Leicester. 5.5 Zircon LA-ICP-MS data – analysed at Natural History Museum, London 5.6 Zircon Lu-Hf isotope data – analysed at NIGL, BGS. Together, these files form the supplementary data files for L.C. Carter’s PhD thesis “Exsolution depth and migration pathways of mineralising fluids in porphyry deposit-forming magmatic systems” (Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter). Please refer to the thesis for further details. These data are previously published as Carter et al. (2021, Communications Earth & Environment), Carter and Williamson (2022, Ore Geology Reviews) and Carter et al. (2022, Scientific Reports).

Complex radon information
CGS map server application allows statistical data of radon hazard for Czech's administrative units. Data was processed by CGS and State Office for Nuclear Safety under the Czech Republic Radon Program. Application operates with the Geological map 1 : 50,000 and 1 : 500,000. It's possible to generate komplex radon information in PDF format for municipality centroids.

Complex radon information
ArcGIS Server service provides statistical data of radon hazard for Czech's administrative units.

Composite index for the socio-economic potential for deep geothermal energy in the North-West Europe

Composite Pb (lead) isotope record for Tropic Seamount (NERC Grant NE/M011151/1)
The file contains the LA-MC-ICP-MS composite Pb isotope ratios for Tropic Seamount, north-east Atlantic Ocean, spanning a deposition history covering the last 75 Ma. The record was obtained by analysis of hydrogenetic ferromanganese crust samples recovered during the 2016 JC142 expedition of the MarineE-Tech project.

Composition of Soil-Gas Efflux From the Artu Jawe Fault Zone, near Aluto volcano, Ethiopia (NERC grant NE/L013932/1)
Composition of Soil-Gas Efflux From the Artu Jawe Fault Zone, near Aluto volcano, Ethiopia. Data are referenced in Hutchison et al., 2016a: Causes of unrest at silicic calderas in the East African Rift: New constraints from InSAR and soil-gas chemistry at Aluto volcano, Ethiopia; https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GC006395.

Compressible ground
Hazard for subsidence due to unconsolidated sediments

Compressible ground (5km Hex-Grid) version 7
The 5km Hex GS Compressible Ground dataset shows a generalised view of the GeoSure Compressible Ground v7 dataset to a hexagonal grid resolution of 64.95km coverage area (side length of 5km). This dataset indicates areas of potential ground movement in a helpful and user-friendly format. The rating is based on a highest level of susceptibility identified within that Hex area: Low (1), Moderate (2), Significant (3). Areas of localised significant rating are also indicated. The summarising process via spatial statistics at this scale may lead to under or over estimation of the extent of a hazard. The supporting GeoSure reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. The methodology is based on the BGS Digital Map (DiGMapGB-50) and expert knowledge of the behaviour of the formations so defined. This dataset provides an assessment of the potential for a geological deposit to compress under an applied load, a characteristic usually of superficial deposits such as peat or alluvium. Some types of ground may contain layers of very soft materials like clay or peat. These may compress if loaded by overlying structures, or if the groundwater level changes, potentially resulting in depression of the ground and disturbance of foundations. Complete Great Britain national coverage is available.

Compressible ground dataset (5km Hex-Grid) version 8
The 5km Hex GS Compressible Ground dataset shows a generalised view of the GeoSure Compressible Ground v8 dataset to a hexagonal grid resolution of 64.95km coverage area (side length of 5km). This dataset indicates areas of potential ground movement in a helpful and user-friendly format. The rating is based on a highest level of susceptibility identified within that Hex area: Low (1), Moderate (2), Significant (3). Areas of localised significant rating are also indicated. The summarising process via spatial statistics at this scale may lead to under or over estimation of the extent of a hazard. The supporting GeoSure reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. The methodology is based on the BGS Digital Map (DiGMapGB-50) and expert knowledge of the behaviour of the formations so defined. This dataset provides an assessment of the potential for a geological deposit to compress under an applied load, a characteristic usually of superficial deposits such as peat or alluvium. Some types of ground may contain layers of very soft materials like clay or peat. These may compress if loaded by overlying structures, or if the groundwater level changes, potentially resulting in depression of the ground and disturbance of foundations. Complete Great Britain national coverage is available.

Computer modelling of mackinawite FeS in aqueous environment (NERC grant NE/J010626/1)
This dataset contains data from two publications investigating mackinawite FeS in an aqueous environment. The first includes the derivation and validation of the force field parameters necessary to model the system ( http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00214-015-1782-8). In the second publication, the force field is employed to predict the structural and dynamical properties of water at the interface with the (001) surface of mackinawite (

Concentrations of hydrocarbons and inorganic parameters in a network of groundwater wells impaired by an underground blowout
On December 1, 1965, an underground blowout during an exploratory drill with a catastrophic outcome occurred near Sleen, The Netherlands. During approximately 2.5 months, near-continuous leakage of large amounts of natural gas was released into the subsurface. After the blowout, the local drinking water production company installed a network of groundwater monitoring wells to monitor for possible adverse effects on groundwater quality at the blowout site. Today, more than 50 years after the blowout, the groundwater is still impaired. Data has been correlated with previously published data by Schout et al. (2018) covering description of geology and well depths. During October 2019 we sampled from 12 groundwater wells covering: - Inorganic parameters (hydrocarbons, anions, cations, DOC, alkalinity, nitrate and ammonium) - DNA (quantification of total bacteria by qPCR 16S, aerobic methane oxidation by qPCR pmoA, and anaerobic methane oxidation by qPCR mcrA) The dataset was created within SECURe project (Subsurface Evaluation of CCS and Unconventional Risks) - https://www.securegeoenergy.eu/. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 764531

Confined or artesian groundwater zones
An aquifer containing water between to two relatively impermeable boundaries. The water level in a well tapping a confined aquifer stands above the top of the confined aquifer and can be higher or lower than the water table that may be present in the material above. The water level rises above the ground surface, yielding a flowing well.

Contaminated area
Sites with confirmed or suspected waste, landfills and/or underground pollution generated from domestic, construction and/or industrial activities that may have an impact on the installation of shallow geothermal

Contaminated Site
Site with proven contamination of the underground.

Continental extension leading to breakup: determining the 3D structure of the west Galicia rifted margin (NERC Grant NE/E015883/1)
The data result from a cooperative project between the U.K., U.S., Germany, Spain, and Portugal. This 2013 seismic experiment surveyed the Galicia Bank region off Iberia with the RV Marcus Langseth. The goal was to collect 3D seismic reflection data specifically designed to reveal the 3D structures generated during the rifting of the Galicia margin and to study the rifted continental to oceanic crust transition in the Deep Galicia Margin west of Spain. The data correspond to a 68.5km x 20 km volume down to 14s TWT with a nominal inline spacing of 6.25 m and a cross-line spacing of 50m, including 800 inlines and 5500 cross-lines. References Bayrakci, G., Minshull, T.A., Sawyer, D.S., Reston, T.J., Klaeschen, D., Papenberg, C., Ranero, C., Bull, J.M., Davy, R.G., Shillington, D.J., Perez-Gussinye, M., and Morgan, J.K., 2016, Fault-controlled hydration of the upper mantle during continental rifting, Nature Geoscience, vol. 9, p. 3840388, DOI: 10.1038/ngeo2671. URL: http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/v9/n5/full/ngeo2671.html R. G. Davy, J. V. Morgan, T. A. Minshull, G. Bayrakci, J. M. Bull, D. Klaeschen, T. J. Reston, D. S. Sawyer, G. Lymer, D. Cresswell, 2017. Resolving the fine-scale velocity structure of continental hyperextension at the Deep Galicia Margin using full-waveform inversion. Geophysical Journal International, Volume 212, Issue 1, 1 January 2018, Pages 244–263, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggx415 C.Nur Schuba, Gary G.Gray, Julia K.Morgan, Dale S.Sawyer, Donna J. Shillington, Tim J.Reston, Jonathan M.Bull, Brian E.Jordan, 2018. A low-angle detachment fault revealed: Three-dimensional images of the S-reflector fault zone along the Galicia passive margin. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 492, (2018), 232–238, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2018.04.012

Continuous Geological Mapping Scale 1:50,000, GEODE
This map represents the result of the cartographic homogenisation of the MAGNA geological map series (National Geological Cartography at a scale of 1:50.000). Series that integrates 1143 maps. As a consequence of the long process involved in the historical execution of this series, there are differences between its initial and final phases, in terms of criteria for assigning geological units, level of detail, continuity of geological units and structures at the edges of sheets, coding and symbologies. With the aim of correcting these problems, the GEODE PLAN was initiated in 2004, which constitutes the institutional support for the generation of a continuous digital geological map at a scale of 1:50,000. The PLAN integrates 19 Regional Projects linked to their corresponding geological zones. Its fundamental objectives are threefold: - To provide cartographic continuity to the geological sheets of the MAGNA series within each region. - To generate a unified legend of geological units for each region. - To adapt the geological coverage to a uniform topographic base, generated specifically for the GEODE PLAN from the national topographic map 1:25000 of the IGN.

Continuous GPS data for stations deployed on Corbetti and Aluto Volcano, Main Ethiopian Rift, Ethiopia (NERC grant NE/L013932/1)
The RiftVolc GPS network was comprised of a total of 10 continuously recording stations deployed on Aluto and Corbetti Volcanoes between 2012 to present. At least 9 stations were recording data simultaneously except in 2012, 2016 and 2017 where 1, 8 and 5 stations were in operation respectively. Full details on station location and operation periods are provided in the attached README file.

Continuous observations by superconducting gravimeter
Relative superconducting gravimeter OSG-050 manufactured by GWR Instruments, Inc. USA. It provides continuous measurement of gravity variations with sampling rate of 1 sec at the gravimetric station Pecny since 2007. Data are distribued to IGETS (International Geodynamics and
Earth Tide Service).

Convection in the Shiant Isles Main Sill (NERC grant NE/J021520/1)
Microstructural data for rocks in the Shiant Isles Main Sill, presented as a function of stratigraphic height in the sill. The data were published: Holness et al. (2017) Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 172:7. OI 10.1007/s00410-016-1325-x

Conventional hydrocarbon plays in the North Sea

COP parameter: C (Concentration of flow). Upper Guadiana Basin (UGB).
The C factor represents the potential for water to bypass the protection provided by the overlying layers. In the pilot area, the Upper Guadiana Basin, the “C” factor shows higher reduction of protection in Campo de Montiel aquifer (in the southern) whereas in the rest of the area it shows low reduction (78%).

COP parameter: O (Overlying layers). Upper Guadiana Basin (UGB).
The O factor considers the protection provided to the aquifer by the physical properties and thickness of the layers above the saturated zone. In the pilot area, the Upper Guadiana Basin, the groundwater level has high variability varying from less than 1 m to more than 250 m. The lithology in the northern area is poorly permeable and higher permeability values can be found in the south. The soil texture in the northern area is predominantly silty-loam. The protection of the overlying layers estimated by “O” factor is high in 43% of the area, moderate in 29% of the area and very low in 13% of the area.

COP parameter: P (Precipitation). Upper Guadiana Basin (UGB).
P factor includes the quantity of precipitation and factors which influence the rate of infiltration, i.e. frequency, temporal distribution, duration and intensity of extreme rainfall events. The mean precipitation in the Upper Guadiana Basin is between 465 and 800 mm/year.

Copper in Stream Sediment.
THIS DATASET HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN **This dataset was created for the "Britain beneath our feet" atlas using information extracted from the Geochemical Baseline Survey Of The Environment (G-BASE) For The UK . For Copper in Stream Sediment data please see Geochemical Baseline Survey Of The Environment (G-BASE) For The UK ** Geochemical Baseline Survey Of The Environment (G-BASE) coverage for copper in stream sediment. The G-BASE programme involves systematic sampling and the determination of chemical elements in samples of stream sediment, stream water and, locally, soil, to build up a picture of the surface chemistry of the UK. The average sample density for stream sediments and water is about one site per 1.5-2km square. Analytical precision is high with strict quality control to ensure countrywide consistency. Results have been standardised to ensure seamless joins between geochemical sampling campaigns. The data provide baseline information on the natural abundances of elements, against which anomalous values due to such factors as mineralisation and industrial contamination may be compared. Published in Britain beneath our feet atlas.

Copper isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Cobre (Cu), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Copy Borehole Logs.
This document data set contains paper copies of selected geophysical borehole logs made from the master data set held by the BGS National Geological Records Centre (NGRC) at Keyworth. These have been made for interpretation. Most data are within the UK onshore area; although there are some UK near-shore and offshore (North Sea, Irish Sea) and foreign data. Most data were acquired for commercial hydrocarbon exploration and subsequently provided to BGS for use on specific projects. Some data were acquired by BGS and other public-sector bodies for research purposes (e.g. geothermal energy). The documents are dyeline prints or plain-paper photocopies. They are stored folded in boxes, approx 20 logs per box, approx 500 boxes. There are some duplicates. Only a sub-set of the available borehole logs have been copied, usually for deep boreholes or boreholes of special significance in the interpretation of seismic data. Mostly concentrated in areas prospective for coal, oil and gas.

Copy Seismic Sections.
This document data set contains paper copies of many of the seismic reflection survey sections from the original seismic sections data set (ORIGSEISECS) . These have been made for interpretation. Most data are within the UK onshore area; although there are some UK near-shore and offshore (North Sea, Irish Sea) and foreign data. Most data were acquired for commercial hydrocarbon exploration and subsequently provided to BGS for use on specific projects. Some data were acquired by BGS and other public-sector bodies, e.g. BIRPS (British Institutes Reflection Profiling Syndicate ), for academic research. The documents are dyeline prints or plain-paper photocopies. They are stored folded in boxes, approx 40 sections per box, approx 530 boxes. There are a lot of duplicates, there being an interpreted and uninterpreted copy of many profiles. Mostly concentrated in areas prospective for coal, oil and gas.

Corbetti InSAR Data set (NERC grant NE/L013932/1)
This data set contains a set of 226 unwrapped, geocoded interferograms derived from InSAR scenes processed over Corbetti Volcano, Ethiopia. The data were assembled from multiple sensors and processed using either the ICSE or GAMMA software package. The images presented here are generally not the same size as the raw InSAR images but instead are cropped to the extents of the volcano and its immediate environs.

Core Flood Experiments on carbonate rocks
Grant: ACT ELEGANCY, Project No 271498. Medical CT scans for drainage multiphase flow through carbonate rock cores. The steady state drainage multiphase flow at elevated pressure using nitrogen and DI water, are carried out for three heterogeneous carbonate rocks to characterize the impact of heterogeneity on flow. Core Floods are performed on three carbonate rocks namely, Indiana limestone, Estaillades limestone and Edwards dolomites. Experiments are carried out using medical CT scanner and N2-water fluid system at high pressure. Drainage core floods are carried out by varying nitrogen fractional flow rates from 0 to 1. Residual trapping is obtained at the end of drainage cycle by water flooding of the core. These rocks are from three difference quarries. Indiana carbonate is from Salem Formation located in Indian, USA. Estaillades limestone is from Oppède quarry, France. Edwards dolomite is from Texas, USA. The data set contain medical CT Dry scans, nitrogen scans , water scans and scans at varying fractional flow of nitrogen; 1 readme file; 1 excel file; 27 zip files.

Core scanning XRF data (NERC grant NE/R012350/1)
This data contains high-resolution XRF data scanned from IODP cores recovered from Expedition 369, IODP Sites U1513, U1514 and U1516. Sietske Batenburg was responsible for scanning the Cenomanian-Turonian interval at Sites U1513 and U1516, and the lower half of the Eocene at U1514. Data is available from IODP database: http://web.iodp.tamu.edu/LORE/

Corinth Rift horizon and fault seismic interpretations (NERC grant NE/J006564/1)
Fault and Horizon interpretations are provided for the Offshore Corinth Rift. The majority of the interpretations were based on 2D profiles from seismic reflection surveys collected by the R/V Maurice-Ewing in 2003, M.V. Vassilios in 1996 and 2003, and the R/V AEGEAO. Interpreted faults include major rift border faults as well as minor syn-rift faulting. Interpreted horizons include basement, a basin wide unconformity and five inferred transgressive surfaces based on variations in seismic character. Details of the fault and stratigraphic framework can be found in Nixon et al. (2016). Rapid spatiotemporal variations in rift structure during development of the Corinth Rift, central Greece. Tectonics, 35, 1225-1248.’ Published paper, Nixon, C. W., et al. (2016), Rapid spatiotemporal variations in rift structure during development of the Corinth Rift, central Greece, Tectonics, 35, 1225–1248, doi:10.1002/2015TC004026

Corinth Rift, Greece Fault Location and Activity Rate data (NERC Grant NE/R016550/1)
The data are derived from interpretation of seismic reflection profiles within the offshore Corinth Rift, Greece (the Gulf of Corinth) integrated with IODP scientific ocean drilling borehole data from IODP Expedition 381 (McNeill et al., 2019a, 2019b). The data include rift fault coordinate (location, geometry) information and slip rate and extension rate information for the major faults. Seismic reflection data were published in Taylor et al. (2011) and in Nixon et al. (2016). Preliminary fault interpretations and rate data, prior to IODP drilling, were published in Nixon et al. (2016). Details of datasets: The data can be viewed in GIS software (ArcGIS, QGIS) or the Excel and .dbf files can be used for viewing of rate data and import of fault coordinates into other software. The 4 folders are for different time periods with shape files for the N-Dipping and S-Dipping Faults in the offshore Corinth Rift and respective slip and extension (horizontal) rates. The shapefiles are digitised fault traces for the basement offsetting faults, picked from the Multichannel Seismic Data collected by the R/V Maurice Ewing. Fault traces are segmented and each segment has an average throw (vertical) rate (Tavg) in mm/yr. The rates for the segments are averages based on measurements at the ends of each segment. The major fault trace segments also have slip-rates (slip_rate) and extension-rates (ext_rate or extension_) in mm/yr. All rates as well as the names for major faults can be located in the attribute table of the shape files along with X- and Y-coordinates. The coordinate system is WGS84 UTM Zone 34N. The shape files can be loaded into a GIS (ArcGIS, QGIS etc.) allowing mapping and visualization of the fault traces and their activity rates. In addition, the attribute tables are .dbf files found within each folder. These have also been provided as .xlsx (Excel) files which include the fault coordinate information, and slip rates and extension rates along the major faults. References McNeill, L.C., Shillington, D.J., Carter, G.D.O., and the Expedition 381 Participants, 2019a. Corinth Active Rift Development. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 381: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program). McNeill, L.C., Shillington, D.J., et al., 2019b, High-resolution record reveals climate-driven environmental and sedimentary changes in an active rift, Scientific Reports, 9, 3116. Nixon, C.W., McNeill, L.C., Bull, J.M., Bell, R.E., Gawthorpe, R.L., Henstock, T.J., Christodoulou, D., Ford, M., Taylor, B., Sakellariou, S. et al., 2016. Rapid spatiotemporal variations in rift structure during development of the Corinth Rift, central Greece. Tectonics, 35, 1225–1248. Taylor, B., J. R. Weiss, A. M. Goodliffe, M. Sachpazi, M. Laigle, and A. Hirn (2011), The structures, stratigraphy and evolution of the Gulf of Corinth Rift, Greece, Geophys. J. Int., 185(3), 1189–1219.

Cork PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Cork, Ireland. It has been provided by CGG NPA Satellite Mapping as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Corrosivity Map for the UK
The dataset is a Soil Corrosivity Map for the U.K. based on the BGS DIGMapGB-PLUS Map. The creation of this dataset involves scoring the Soil Parent Material types for five different attributes that contribute towards the corrosion of underground assets. These are (i) high or low soil pH, (ii) general soil moisture, (iii) the likelihood that soil saturated and undergo periods of anaerobic conditions, (iv) the presence of sulphides and sulphates and (v) the resistivity of the soil parent material. The scoring of each of these parameters was undertaken based on the Cast Iron Pipe Association (CIPA) (now the Ductile Iron Pipe Research Association, DIPRA) rating system. By combining the scores of each parameter a GIS layer has been created that identifies those areas that may provide a corrosive environment to underground cast iron assets. The final map has been classified into three categories signifying: 'GROUND CONDITIONS BENEATH TOPSOIL ARE UNLIKELY TO CAUSE CORROSION OF IRON', 'GROUND CONDITIONS BENEATH TOPSOIL MAY CAUSE CORROSION TO IRON', 'GROUND CONDITIONS BENEATH TOPSOIL ARE LIKELY TO CAUSE CORROSION TO IRON'. The dataset is designed to aid engineers and planners in the management of and maintenance of underground ferrous assets.

Costal Behavior
The public availability of satellite data and new analytical tools for processing big data, such as the Google Earth Engine, enable us to look at coastline migration in a new way. Scripts for automated detection of the land-water boundary generate numerous data points for each part of the European coastline. When averaged by year and analyzed for a decadal period, these data points form the basis for a new pan-European coastline-migration map that covers a consistent time period relevant for present-day coastal-zone management, eliminates data gaps, and portrays a single coastline indicator that is assumed to correspond to the mid-tide land-water boundary. As part of EMODnet-Geology, Gerben Hagenaars at Deltares performed an analysis for tens of thousands of transects with a spacing of 500 meters, giving a map resolution of 1:1,000,000.

Coupled Mg/Ca - D47 isotope data on foraminifera and calibration samples (NERC grant NE/M003752/1)
We used existing coretop samples from several sites from the Atlantic, Arctic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans (Fig. 1 and Table S1) to test the relationship between Mg/Ca ratios and D47 values in modern foraminifera. In the North Atlantic the cores were the same as those used previously by Elderfield and Ganssen (2000) (Tables S1 and S2). Coretops with the potential to yield large (>5 mg) mono-specific samples of foraminifera were selected from the >300 lm size fraction of the sediment except for Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sinistral) where the >150 lm size fraction was chosen to obtain sufficient material. After cleaning the samples consisted of _3 mg of foraminiferal calcite and included 8 different species of surface- and deepdwelling planktonic foraminifera: Globigerina bulloides, Globigerinoides sacculifer, Globorotalia hirsuta, Globorotalia inflata, Globorotalia menardii, Neogloboquadrina dutertrei, Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (s), and Orbulina universa. The Godwin Laboratory clumped isotope calibration (i.e., the regression between D47 and temperature) was established using natural cave carbonates that precipitated subaqueously at known temperatures, ranging from 3 to 47ºC (Table 1, Fig. 2). These carbonates grew under conditions that minimize CO2-degassing and evaporation and hence kinetic fractionation effects are negligible owing to an unlimited DIC pool in the water (Kele et al., 2015). All samples consist of calcite, except NAICA-1 which is aragonite.

Creep rig mechanical data from an olivine bicrystal experiment (NERC Grant NE/M000060/1)
Mechanical datasets of a creep rig experiment which quantified grain boundary sliding in an olivine bicrystal sample. A single test was performed for 4 x 104 s at a maximum temperature of 1400 °C. The data from the experiment are presented in a spreadsheet of mechanical data (piston force and linear displacement per time and furnace temperature). A picture of the experimental geometry used and electron backscatter and graphs obtained from the mechanical data are included. The results showed that it is possible to simulate boundary sliding along bicrystal surfaces in a creep rig

Critical Element Data Base from Literature Review (NERC grant NE/L002329/1)
Data from NERC grant, Natural Enrichments in E-tech Elements (Cobalt, Gallium, Indium, Tellurium, Lithium, rare earth elements) [NEETE].

Critical Raw Materials - Mineral Occurrences
Applications shows results of SQL query to Minerals Occurrence database.

Crushed rock-water experimental data investigating the role of flash heating in hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide from silicate rocks and pyrite (NERC Grants NE/W005506/1,NE/S001670/1)
The datasets include the results of microcosm experiments documenting the generation of hydrogen gas, hydrogen peroxide and dissolved iron from silicate rocks and pyrite at zero deg C after they have been 'flash heated' to different temperatures. The data is in excel format. This data is from an upcoming publication, Flash Heating Boosts the Potential for Mechanochemical Energy Sources for Subglacial Ecosystems' Stone, Jordan., Edgar, John O., Rutherford, Johnny., Gill-Olivas, Beatriz, Tranter, Martyn., Gould, Jamie A., Xavier, Cijo M. & Telling, Jon. Submitted to Frontiers in Geochemistry.

Crushed rock-water experimental data investigating the role of temperature in generating hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide from silicate rocks (NERC Grants NE/W005506/1, NE/S001670/1)
The data was generated from a range of laboratory experiments where a range of silicate rocks (granite, basalt, peridotite) were crushed in oxygen-free conditions, deoxygenated water added, and the generation of hydrogen gas and hydrogen peroxide followed over a week. Results were compared to rock-free controls. The data was collected to provide insight into the production of oxidants (such as hydrogen peroxide) along tectonically active regions of the subsurface, and how the oxidants might influence subsurface microbiology.

Crushed Rock Inter-Regional Flows
Derived from data collated from the 2005 Aggregate Minerals Survey, carried out by BGS for the Department for Communities and Local Government (CLG) which provide an in-depth and up-to-date understanding of regional and national sales, inter-regional flows, transportation, consumption and permitted reserves of primary aggregates for England and Wales. The information is used to monitor and develop policies for the supply of aggregates. This data set depicts the flow of crushed rock aggregate between the regions of England and Wales. The data originator also has similar data for sand and gravel and also the same data derived from the 1997 and 2001 Aggregate Minerals Surveys.

Concentration on flow, for Sarmatian aquifer in Dobrogea de Sud, Romania

CT scans of Crassigyrinus scoticus (BGS specimen GSE4722) (NERC Grant NE/P013090/1)
MicroCT (Micro–computed tomography) data of the left lower jaw of the Carboniferous stem tetrapod Crassigyrinus scoticus (GSE 4722), which was scanned in three parts (the specimen is preserved in three parts). The specimen was scanned at the Natural History Museum’s Imaging and Analysis Centre on a Nikon XH 225 microCT scanner in February 2013 and reconstructed as DICOM image stacks. All three parts were scanned at 210 kV and 240 mA. Part 1 represents the anterior part of the jaw and the scan produced 1995 transverse slices with a resolution of 0.1271 mm/voxel. Part 2 represents the middle part of the jaw and the scan produced 1995 transverse slices with a resolution of 0.1099 mm/voxel. Part 3 represents the posterior part of the jaw and the scan produced 1687 transverse slices with a resolution of 0.1099 mm/voxel. It was collected by Laura Porro and Jennifer Clack for anatomical description of the specimen and further biomechanical analyses.

Cumulate thermobarometry (NERC grant NE/K014978/1)
In this project we developed a new geobarometer for mafic and ultramafic igneous rocks, which can be used by the scientific community for a wide range of mineralogical and petrological studies. The material here include the description of the geobarometer, guidelines for its use, software and chemical data acquired for some case studies.

Cyclic loading stress-strain data in polycrystalline antigorite serpentinite, at various confining pressures and temperatures (NERC grant NE/M016471/1)
Cyclic loading stress-strain data in polycrystalline antigorite serpentinite, at various confining pressures and temperatures. This dataset is used and fully described/interpreted in the paper: David, E.C., N. Brantut, and G. Hirth, Sliding crack model for non-linearity and hysteresis in the triaxial stress-strain curve of rock, and application to antigorite deformation, submitted to J. Geophys. Res. Overview Rock type Vermont antigorite-rich (>95%) serpentinite. See submitted paper for details. The sample is isotropic. Apparatus Oil-medium triaxial apparatus (Rock Physics Ensemble, University College London). For description, see David el al. (2018), Absence of stress-induced anisotropy during brittle deformation in antigorite serpentinite, J. Geophys. Res., 123, 10616-10644. Griggs-type solid medium apparatus (Brown University). For description, see David, E.C., N. Brantut, and G. Hirth, Sliding crack model for non-linearity and hysteresis in the triaxial stress-strain curve of rock, and application to antigorite deformation, submitted to J. Geophys. Res., and references therein. Files description 1-existing data from David et al., JGR, 2018: The text file gives the axial stress (in direction 1, see submitted paper) and the axial strain (in percent, in direction 1, see submitted paper), at room temperature and 150 MPa confining pressure, in the oil triaxial apparatus at UCL. The mechanical data (stress, strain) have been corrected from internal friction and machine stiffness, respectively. The data are from David el al. (2018), Absence of stress-induced anisotropy during brittle deformation in antigorite serpentinite, J. Geophys. Res., 123, 10616-10644. 2-new data: The text file gives the axial stress (in direction 1, see submitted paper) and the axial strain (in percent, in direction 1, see submitted paper), at room temperature and 1000 MPa confining pressure, in Griggs solid medium apparatus at Brown University. The mechanical data (stress, strain) have been corrected from internal friction and machine stiffness, respectively. The text file is the equivalent of the file described just above at a temperature of 400C. The text file is the equivalent of the file described just above at a temperature of 500C.

Czech Regional Seismic Network CRSN
Digital records of seismological stations of the Czech Regioanl Seismic Network (CRSN). The network consits of twenty broadband stations on the territory of the Czech Republic. Seismic stations are operated by the following geoscience institutions: Institute of Geophysics CAS (10 stations), Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics CAS (3 stations0, Institute of Physics of the Earth MU Brno (4 stations), Research Institute of Geography, Topography and Cartography Zdiby {1 station), Charles University Prague (1 station). The interpretation of earthquakes and other seismic events is available in monthly bulletins since 1976.

Czech Regional Seismic Network CRSN - IG CAS
Digital records of seismic stations of the Czech RegionalSeismic Network operated by the Institute of Geophysics CAS in Prague.

Czech Regional Seismological Network - IGN
Seismic digital records of the Czech Regional Seismological Network - stations operated by the Institute of Geonics

CzechGeo geophysical networks
ArcGIS Server service provides an access to basic information about the geophysical networks of the CzechGeo consortium.

CzechGeo geophysical networks
The database contains information on two dozen geophysical networks operated by czech geoscience institutions of the CzechGeo consortium (institutes of the ASCR, faculties of universities, etc.) in the Czech Republic and abroad. There are observatories, permanent stations and measuring points of campaigns (seismic, GPS, magnetic, gravimetric and geodynamic), connected to local and global data networks.

Česká regionální seismická síť - ÚFZ
Seismické digitální záznamy stanic České regionální seismické sítě - stanice provozované Ústavem fyziky Země Přírodovědecké fakulty Masarykovy univerzity.

D - Depth to water table (DRASTIC)
D layer represents depth to groundwater table from the surface, where values are reclassified values into D index values from 1 to 10.

D - Depth to water table (DRASTIC)
The D layer is the depth to the water table from the surface. The Boyne study area is based on 401 historical water level data points along with spring data and data from groundwater surface water interactions. Spatial interpolation using kriging was used and then the values were classified into the D index values. The highest D values correspond to where the water table is shallowest, generally found in the lower areas in the catchment, with the lowest D values meaning greater depth to the watertable, found in the upland areas

D - Depth to water table (DRASTIC)
D layer represents depth to groundwater table from the surface, where values are reclassified values into D index values from 1 to 10. High values of "D" factor correspond mostly with alluvial aquifers in NE part of the area where shallow groundwater prevails. Low values correspond mainly with steepest mountainous areas and deeper aquifers.

The D layer is the depth to the water table from the surface. The Rockingham study area is based on 120 historical water level data points along with spring data and data from groundwater surface water interactions. Spatial interpolation using kriging was used and then the values were classified into the D index values. The highest D values correspond to where the water table is shallowest, generally found in the lower areas in the catchment, with the lowest D values meaning greater depth to the watertable, found in the upland areas. The water table is generally very shallow, with much of the area having depths to water of less than 3 m bgl. The elevated karst plateau to the south has the deepest water with depths to water of up to 40 m.

factor D of DRASTIC groundwater vulnerability of Traun-Enns-Platte/AUSTRIA

Depth to water table, for Sarmatian aquifer in Dobrogea de Sud, Romania

Daily handpump accelerometer data and borehole water level data, Kwale County, Kenya (NERC grant NE/M008894/1)
(I) Handpump Vibration Data For each handpump, data is organized in one CSV file per day. These files are grouped together over batches, where each batch approximately corresponds to three months. (II) Borehole Water Level Data Water level data at the borehole of each handpump is recorded in one CSV file per handpump. Both uncompensated (raw) and compensated (with respect to atmospheric pressure) data are available. (III) Data Time Logs A separate Excel file lists the locations of the monitoring sites and the time logs corresponding to both (I) and (II) per handpump. References: [1] P. Thomson, R. Hope, and T. Foster, “GSM-enabled remote monitoring of rural handpumps: a proof-of-concept study,” Journal of Hydroinformatics, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 829–839, 05 2012. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2012.183 [2] F. Colchester, “Smart handpumps: a preliminary data analysis,” IET Conference Proceedings, pp. 7–7(1). [Online]. Available: [3] H. Greeff, A. Manandhar, P. Thomson, R. Hope, and D. A. Clifton, “Distributed inference condition monitoring system for rural infrastructure in the developing world,” IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 19, no. 5, pp.1820–1828, March 2019. [4] F. E. Colchester, H. G. Marais, P. Thomson, R. Hope, and D. A. Clifton, “Accidental infrastructure for groundwater monitoring in africa,” Environmental Modelling Software, vol. 91, pp. 241 – 250, 2017. [Online]. Available: [5] A. Manandhar, H. Greeff, P. Thomson, R. Hope, and D. A. Clifton, “Shallow Aquifer Monitoring Using Handpump Vibration Data,” In-review, 2019.

Dalradian Carbonate Rock Geochemistry Database.
The database contains a range of geochemical data for metamorphosed limestones from the Dalradian of Scotland and Northern Ireland. The data include a) whole-rock geochemical analyses by XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) for major oxides and a range of trace elements for several hundred samples, b) a number of whole-carbonate O (oxygen) and C (carbon) stable isotope and Sr (strontium) data, c) electron microprobe mineral data on carbonates and calc-silicate minerals and d) ion-probe O stable isotope and mineral trace element data for calcites in a small number of samples. The samples from which the data have been derived were collected from a wide range of outcrops within the Scottish and Irish Dalradian, mainly concentrated in the North East Grampian Highlands of Scotland. The data have been collected mainly to support the mapping and scientific work being undertaken in the Grampian Highlands by BGS since the early 1980s. The database includes some data from the literature. All samples are located by British National Grid coordinates to the nearest 10m or better. The isotope data were acquired as part of a PhD study by C W Thomas in the late 1990s. The database is not currently being added to, but is still being used in various studies. The combined data provide wide-ranging insights into marine chemistry contemporary with deposition of the limestones and the way in which this chemistry changed with time during the Neoproterozoic, and they elucidate subsequent effects of diagenesis and metamorphism and the outcrop and grain-scale. The data set is largely complete with regard to geochemical data, but still requires some editing to bring all fields up to date, particularly with regard to lithostratigraphical assignation. The data are currently held in MS Access tables and can conveniently be displayed via GIS or abstracted in tabular form and used in spreadsheets, statistical analysis and graphing software.

Danish boreholes and logs, deep
Samba contains information on drilling and geophysical surveys on Danish territory, carried out according to license under the Danish underground law. That is: seismic surveys as well as boreholes for exploration, delimitation and production wells concerning oil/gas, geothermal energy, gas storage and salt as well as scientific drilling. The data sets contain technical, administrative and geological information from drillings and geophysical measurements undertaken in boreholes (boreholelogs and reports) as well as metadata (location, recording and processing parameters, etc.) for seismic studies. Data are reported by the companies who carries out the drillings and surveys. The database is updated on an ongoing basis.

Danish boreholes, shallow
Jupiter is GEUS ' nationwide database for groundwater, drinking water, raw materials, environmental and geotechnical data. The database is the single public data base in the field and is included in the National Environmental Portal. The database is publicly available.

Data (ultrasonic, mechanical) and microstructures of shear failure in Lanhelin granite under upper crustal conditions (NERC Grant NE/M004716/1)
Data has been recorded during triaxial rock deformation experiments where Lanhelin granite samples were subjected to dynamic and half-controlled shear failure. The data consists of mechanical data (load, displacement, confining pressure, strain gauge data), ultrasonic data (AE source locations and arrival times, sensor locations, arrival times of active acoustic surveys), and scanning electron microscope images of the samples after shear failure. Dataset contains all data necessary to evaluate the results presented in the paper entitled: 'Off-fault damage characterisation during and after experimental quasi-static and dynamic rupture in crystal rock from laboratory P-wave tomography and microstructures' by Aben, Brantut, and Mitchell, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth.

Data accompanying ‘Microstructural controls on thermal crack damage and the presence of a temperature-memory effect during cyclic thermal stressing of rocks’ submitted for publication in Geophysical Research Letters (NERC Grant NE/N002938/1)
Acoustic emissions (AE) and ultrasonic wave velocity data recorded during a series of high temperature thermal cracking experiments by Daoud et al., in the Rock and Ice Physics Laboratory of the University College London. The data gives the time and magnitude of AE output which were recorded contemporaneously whilst cyclically heating three rock types (A Slaufrudalur Granophyre, A Santorini Andesite and a Seljadalur Basalt). The ultrasonic wave velocity data was recorded pre- and post- heating. The data acquisition was permitted using a rock placed within an acoustic wave guide placed inside a high temperature furnace.

Data accompanying: Emmings et al. A Mississippian Black Shale Record of Redox Oscillation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology [submitted July 2019] (NERC grant NE/L002493/1)
This is a geochemical dataset accompanying Emmings, J., Poulton, S., Vane, C., Davies, S., Jenkin, G., Stephenson, M., Leng, M., Lamb, A., Moss-Hayes, V. A Mississippian Black Shale Record of Redox Oscillation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology [submitted July 2019]. This dataset includes RockEval pyrolysis, major and trace element (XRF), Fe speciation, C, N and S isotopes and S species analyses through the Upper Bowland Shale in the Craven Basin (Lancashire, UK). This research was conducted by Joe Emmings, PhD researcher at the University of Leicester and British Geological Survey (BGS) between 2014-2018, and as a post-doctoral research associate (PDRA) at the British Geological Survey (2018-2021). The PhD research was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), as part of the Central England Training Alliance (CENTA) [grant no. NE/L002493/1] and received CASE funding from the BGS. PDRA research was funded by the British Geological Survey. Reproduction or manipulation of these data in future analyses should cite one or more of the following related publications (as necessary): Emmings, J., 2018. Controls on UK Lower Namurian Shale Gas Prospectivity: Understanding the Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Organic Matter in Siliciclastic Mudstones. PhD Thesis, University of Leicester. Emmings J. et al. 2017. Stream and slope weathering effects on organic-rich mudstone geochemistry and implications for hydrocarbon source rock assessment: a Bowland Shale case study. Chemical Geology. 471. 74-91. Emmings, J. et al., 2019a. From Marine Bands to Hybrid Flows: Sedimentology of a Mississippian Black Shale. Sedimentology, [Accepted ms.]. Emmings, J.F. et al., 2019b. Controls on amorphous organic matter type and sulphurization in a Mississippian black shale. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 268: 1-18. Emmings, J.F. et al. A Mississippian black shale record of redox oscillation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology [submitted July 2019] Co-workers: Sarah Davies (University of Leicester) - Primary PhD supervisor, sedimentology Chris Vane (BGS) - PhD supervisor, RockEval pyrolysis Mel Leng (BGS & University of Nottingham) - PhD supervisor, C & S isotopes Mike Stephenson (BGS) - PhD supervisor Simon Poulton (University of Leeds) - Fe speciation Gawen Jenkin (University of Leicester) - PhD supervisor Vicky Moss-Hayes (BGS) - RockEval pyrolysis Angela Lamb (BGS) - S isotopes

Data Accompanying: Stream and Slope Weathering Effects on Organic-rich Mudstone Geochemistry and Implications for Hydrocarbon Source Rock Assessment: A Bowland Shale Case Study (NERC grant NE/L002493/1)
These data accompany a manuscript, titled: Stream and Slope Weathering Effects on Organic-rich Mudstone Geochemistry and Implications for Hydrocarbon Source Rock Assessment: A Bowland Shale Case Study All files with prefix 'Man_1' relate to this submission. The manuscript was submitted to the journal Chemical Geology in December 2016. Data include: 1) A range of photographs from the outcrop, drill cores, sub-samples, 'weathering grades' and thin section microphotographs from the Bowland Shale; 2) The results of mineralogical (whole rock powder x-ray diffraction; XRD) analyses for 18 subsamples; 3) The results of inorganic geochemical analyses (LECO elemental C and S, x-ray fluorescence major and trace elements) for 18 subsamples; 4) The results of organic geochemical analyses (Rock-Eval pyrolysis, d13Corg) for 20 subsamples; 5) RStudio scripts used to conduct statistical analyses (e.g., Principal Components Analysis) and generation of figures.

Data associated with 'Rapid trans-crustal magma movement under Iceland' by Mutch et al. (2019) (NERC grant NE/L002507/1)
Primary data, model initial conditions, model results, a compiled database of olivine diffusivity experiments and supplementary tables used in the paper: 'Mutch, E. J. F., Maclennan J., Shorttle, O., Edmonds, M. & Rudge, J. F., (2019), Rapid trans-crustal magma movement under Iceland, Nature Geoscience'. Data_S1 contains electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) profile data of olivine crystals used in this study. This file also includes all of the initial conditions for forsterite content (XFo), Ni and Mn used in the diffusion modelling. Standard deviations are averaged values of standard deviations from counting statistics and repeat measurements of secondary standards. Data_S2 is a compiled database of olivine diffusion experiments used to derive multiple linear regressions for diffusion coefficients and associated covariance matrices. Regressions were only made through [001] data. Data_S3 contains median values for all of the inverted parameters estimated for each crystal profile from the Nested Sampling Bayesian inversion for each type of initial condition and model equation. All of the Monte Carlo realisations for each model are also included in this file. Table_S1 is a supplementary table that contains olivine diffusion equation regression parameters derived and used as part of this study. Table_S2 is a supplementary table that contains covariance matrices for olivine diffusion equations derived in this study. Table_S3 is a supplementary table that contains covariance matrices for aSiO2 (silica activity) dependent olivine diffusion equations derived in this study. Table_S4 is a supplementary table that contains angles between the EPMA profile and the main crystallographic axes in olivine as measured by EBSD. These angles are incorporated into the anisotropy calculation used to determine the apparent diffusivity parallel to the measured profile. angle100P, angle010P and angle001P are the angles between the profile and [100], [010] and [001] respectively. Table_S5 is a supplementary table that contains ,median timescales and 1 sigma errors obtained from the posterior distributions of the Nested Sampling Bayesian inversion conducted on each olivine profile. The results using Al-based initial conditions, constant initial conditions (diffusion only), and aSiO2 based equations using Al-based initial conditions are presented here. The classification of each profile (growth-dominated vs. Al-decoupled) is also shown. See paper (Mutch, E. J. F., Maclennan J., Shorttle, O., Edmonds, M. & Rudge, J. F., (2019), Rapid trans-crustal magma movement under Iceland, Nature Geoscience) for more details.

Data associated with journal article 'Modelling of H2 production in a packed bed rector via sorption enhanced steam methane reforming process'. S Z Abbas, V Dupont, T Mahmud (2017).
Data derived from UKCCSRC Call 2 Project C2-181. The journal article can be found at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.05.222. The sorption enhanced steam reforming (SE-SMR) of methane over the surface of 18 wt. % Ni/Al2O3 catalyst and using CaO as a CO2-sorbent is simulated for an adiabatic packed bed reactor. The developed model accounts for all the aspects of mass and energy transfer, in both gas and solid phase along the axial direction of the reactor. The process was studied under temperature and pressure conditions used in industrial SMR operations. The simulation results were compared with equilibrium calculations and modelling data from literature. A good agreement was obtained in terms of CH4 conversion, hydrogen yield (wt. % of CH4 feed), purity of H2 and CO2 capture under the different operation conditions such as temperature, pressure, steam to carbon ratio (S/C) and gas mass flux. A pressure of 30 bar, 923 K and S/C of 3 can result in CH4 conversion and H2 purity up to 65% and 85% respectively compared to 24% and 49% in the conventional process.

Data associated with journal article 'Modelling of high purity H2 production via sorption enhanced chemical looping steam reforming of methane in a packed bed reactor'. Syed Zaheer Abbas, Valerie Dupont, Tariq Mahmud (2017)
Data derived from UKCCSRC Call 2 Project C2-181. The journal article can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2017.03.072. Sorption enhanced chemical looping steam reforming of methane (SE-CLSR) relies on the exothermicity of both a metal catalyst’s oxidation and the in situ CO2 capture by carbonation onto a solid sorbent to provide the heat demand of hydrogen (H2) production by steam reforming while generating a nearly pure H2 product. A brief thermodynamic analysis to study the main features of the SE-CLSR process is done prior to the reactor modelling work. Later, one dimensional mathematical model of SE-CLSR process in the packed bed configuration is developed using gPROMS model builder 4.1.0 under the adiabatic conditions. This model combines reduction of the NiO catalyst with the steam reforming reactions, followed by the oxidation of the Ni-based reduced catalyst. The individual models of NiO reduction, steam reforming with in situ CO2 capture on Ca-sorbent, and Ni re-oxidation are developed by using kinetic data available in literature and validated against previous published work. The model of SE-CLSR is then applied to simulate 10 alternative cycles of the fuel and air feed in the reactor. The performance of the model is studied in terms of CH4 conversion, CO2 capture efficiency, purity and yield of H2. The sensitivity of the process is studied under the various operating conditions of temperature, pressure, molar steam to carbon ratio (S/C) and mass flux of the gas phase. In this work, the operating conditions used for the production of H2 represent realistic industrial production conditions. The sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the developed model of SE-CLSR process has the flexibility to simulate a wide range of operating conditions of temperature, pressure, S/C and mass flux of the gas phase.

Data associated with: Characterising the post-seismic behaviour of damaged slopes - Nepal 2015 (NERC grant NE/N007689/1)
1. Rainfall (0.2 mm tipping bucket), accelerometer (OEM) and extensometer (string potentiometer) data from 10 instruments deployed across ground cracks in Sindhupalchok, Nepal in the aftermath of the 2015 earthquake. Data is provided in *.csv format, to include for each instrument: date, rainfall, extension(raw/min/max/mean/std), x(raw/min/max/mean/std), y(raw/min/max/mean/std), z(raw/min/max/mean/std). 2. Shapefiles of landslide mapping in the Upper Bhote Kosi valley, Sindhupalchok, Nepal, Including immediately post-earthquake (pre-monsoon), and post-2015 monsoon.

Data files from study of Thermoremanent behavior in synthetic samples containing natural oxyexsolved titanomagnetite (NERC grant NE/I013873/1)
All the raw experimental data obtained for the study reported in Hodgson, E., Grappone, J. M., Biggin, A. J., Hill, M. J., & Dekkers, M. J. (2018). Thermoremanent behavior in synthetic samples containing natural oxyexsolved titanomagnetite. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 19. https://doi.org/10.1029/2017GC007354

Data from field experiments conducted as part of project NE/K011464/1 (associated with NE/K011626/1) Multiscale Impacts of Cyanobacterial Crusts on Landscape stability.
This dataset presents field measurements of the biological response of cyanobacterial soil crusts to rainfall and of the impact of this response on the susceptibility of the soil surface to wind erosion. The data are in Excel spreadsheets and record cyanobacteria fluorescence, the presence of chlorophyll a and exocellular polysaccharide, soil surface strength, particle size distribution and soil loss by wind erosion. The study was located within Diamantina National Park (23°36’44.8”S; 143°17’46.9”E) in the north-eastern part of the Lake Eyre basin, central Australia. Site characteristics are 1/A physical depositional crust; 2/B cyanobacterial crust on dune flank; 3/D cyanobacterial crust on claypan; 4/E physical structural crust; 5/C cyanobacterial crust on nebkha field. Different amounts of rainfall were applied using Griffith University Mobile Rainfall Simulator (see Bullard et al. 2018 for technical details). Following rainfall and drying in situ of the surface, wind erosion was measured using a portable mini-wind tunnel (see Strong et al. 2016 for technical details). The data will be of value for understanding cyanobacterial response to different rainfall amounts and wind speeds under future climate scenarios. The project principal investigator was Prof. Joanna Bullard and data Quality Assurance by Dr. Helene Aubault. Bullard, J.E., Ockelford, A., Strong, C.L., Aubault, H. 2018. Impact of multi-day rainfall events onsurface roughness and physical crusting of very fine soils. Geoderma, 313, 181-192. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.10.038. Strong, C.L., Leys, J.F., Raupach, M.R., Bullard, J.E., Aubault, H.A., Butler, H.J., McTainsh, G.H. 2016. Development and testing of a micro-wind tunnel for on-site wind erosion simulations. Environmental Fluid Mechanics 16, 1065-1083.

Data from Chicxulub crater (NERC grant NE/P006736/1)
Cell count data from the Chicxulub crater. Grant abstract: The deep subsurface is recognised to be an environment that supports a large and diverse microbial biosphere, and yet we still know very little about how microorganisms grow in this environment, what their spatial diversity is and how this diversity is controlled by subsurface geochemical conditions. Previous research has primarily focused on deep-ocean sediments. Work in these environments has shown that geochemical interfaces are important for determining the diversity of the subsurface biosphere. Little is known about how the subsurface biosphere in marine environments compares to that in continental subsurface environments. Our laboratory will acquire core samples collected from the peak ring of the 66 million-year old Chicxulub impact structure buried beneath the Gulf of Mexico in April-May 2016 during IODP Expedition 364. This end-Cretaceous impact structure is hypothesised to have been responsible for causing the extinction of the dinosaurs and ~75% of all other life at this time. The drill core will be retrieved with microbiological contamination control to ~1.5 km depth. Thus, the drill core offers the opportunity to investigate the subsurface microbiology of a continental site and also how the microbial diversity relates to a unique, but well-defined subsurface lithologic sequence. In this project we propose to use these cores to gain new insights into the diversity of microorganisms in the subsurface. In this project we will: 1) Quantify the biomass of microorganisms through the core and correlate it to the lithologies to understand how microbial life in the continental deep subsurface is influenced by lithology, 2) Specifically investigate how microbial abundance and diversity is correlated to impact lithologies to understand how impacts can disrupt the deep subsurface biosphere, 3) Culture and use '-omics' methods such as metagenomics to understand how the functional capabilities and metabolisms of organisms correlate to the environment and lithology through the core to gain a better understanding of microbial biogeochemical processes in the deep subsurface in general and specifically in an impact crater, 4) Use the above data to understand more generally how life recolonises impact craters and how craters might provide a habitat for life despite otherwise catastrophic effects on large surface dwelling life.

Data from IODP Expedition 351, Rotation of the Philippine Sea Plate (NERC grant NE/M007367/1)
Data from the IODP Expedition will be archived by the International Ocean Discovery Program, including all data generated during the shipboard palaeomagnetic and magnetic anisotropy analyses and all of the logging data (FMS tool, GBM data), plus associated explanatory notes. Shore based palaeomagnetic and magnetic anisotropy data, FMS---based reorientation parameters, and downhole magnetizations inferred from modelling of the GBM borehole magnetometer data will be made available to the international community via appropriate IODP Data Reports (in addition to primary journal articles). Data Includes: Shipboard cryogenic magnetometer data Shipboard and shore based discrete sample remanence data Shipboard and shore based magnetic anisotropy data FMS---based reorientation parameters Magnetic parameters modelled using borehole magnetometer data

Data from Tanzania Drilling Project Core Site 14 B (NERC grant NE/H017356/1)
Data from Tanzania Drilling Project Core Site 14 B. Data spans the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum ~56 million years ago. Data includes: bulk sediment geochemistry, BIT index and GDGT data, n-alkane d13C data, single specimen planktonic foraminifera stable isotope data and planktonic foraminifera count data. Geographic location 9°16'59.89"S, 39°30'45.04"E

Data from the El Teniente porphyry Cu-Mo deposit, Chile (NERC Grants NE/M010848/1, NE/M011615/1)
Pictures of sulphides and trace element concentrations from ore minerals in the El Teniente porphyry Cu-Mo deposit, Chile. Samples were picked for analysis from the Natural History Museum London’s ore collection. This data contains petrological photographs and trace element concentration of ore minerals. This data was collected as part of the TeaSe consortium NERC grant in order to determine the concentration and hosting of critical and precious metals in various types of ore deposits and barren rocks from different geological environments. This data was collected and interpreted by researchers at Cardiff University.

Data from the Global Partnerships Seedcorn Fund project: WREED Weathering and secondary processes in the development of carbonatite-hosted REE-resources (NERC Grant NE/V008935/1)
Analyses of archive rock and soil samples from the Mushgai Khudug (Mongolia), Dalucao, Miaoya and Lizhuang (China) rare earth element deposits. Data characterise mineralogy, bulk rock geochemistry and sequential leaching experiments on laterite, weathered rock and soil overlying carbonatite related REE deposits. The data was collected to determine enrichment and depletion of the REE relative to bedrock, the mineral host of REE and the ease of extraction.

Data from the Muratdere porphyry Cu (copper) -Au (gold) -Mo (Molybdenum) deposit, Turkey (NERC Grants NE/M010848/1, NE/M011615/1)
Petrological and geochemical data of sulphides and samples from the Muratdere Cu-Au-Mo porphyry deposit, Turkey. Samples were taken from several boreholes from the Muratdere mine in Western Turkey, courtesy of Stratex International (now Oriole Resources). This data contains petrological photographs and trace element concentration of ore minerals. This data was collected as part of the TeaSe consortium NERC grant in order to determine the concentration and hosting of critical and precious metals in various types of ore deposits and barren rocks from different geological environments. This data was collected and interpreted by researchers at Cardiff University and is used in a paper, available at https://doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.4638.

Data from the Sinemurian-Pliensbachian boundary charcoal, clay, c-isotopes and palynofacies, Mochras core, NW Wales, UK
This dataset spans the Sinemurian-Pliensbachian boundary of the Llanbedr (Mochras Farm) drill core that was drilled onshore in the Cardigan Bay Basin, Wales, UK. This dataset contains 1. Micro-, macro-charcoal data and palynofacies, obtained at the University of Exeter (Streatham campus), UK, 2. Clay mineralogical data (X-ray diffraction (XRD)) obtained at the University of Burgundy, France, in collaboration with Jean-François Deconinck, 3. Carbon-isotope data, TOC and carbonate content, obtained at the University of Exeter (Penryn campus), UK. The dataset was created within the scope of the JET project (Integrated understanding of Early Jurassic Earth system and timescale) - https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FN018508%2F This project has received funding from the International Continental Scientific Drilling Programme (ICDP) and the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). The PhD-project within this dataset was created is funded by the University of Exeter, UK.

Data From Various Aeromagnetic Surveys In Offshore Petroleum Areas.
Over 22000 km of corrected aeromagnetic total intensity data from various surveys in offshore petroleum areas in UK Continental Shelf and overseas collected to assist directional drilling. Line separation is 2 km and flight altitude is 80 m above sea level and navigation is by GPS (Global Positioning System). Some surveys have been bought or commissioned on an exclusive basis by BGS and can be used without further ado, others require permission sought from the aeromagnetic survey company or end-client.

Data Held In The BGS Laboratory Information Management System
The LIMS (Laboratory Information Management System) holds information about the sample preparation and chemical analysis of samples (from internal and external customers) handled by the BGS chemistry laboratories at Keyworth. Data covers X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRFS) analyses, loss on ignition (LOI), pH for GBASE. Coverage will be extended to other BGS laboratories with time. It is not intended that the results of chemical analysis will remain on the system indefinitely, data for internal customers being passed to corporate or project datasets, data for external clients being archived.

Data of a controlled rupture experiment under triaxial conditions of Lanhelin granite, and acoustic data recorded for laboratory-scale seismic tomography. (NERC grant NE/M004716/1)
This data has been recorded during a triaxial rock deformation experiment where a Lanhelin granite samples was subjected to controlled shear failure. The data consists of mechanical data (load, displacement, confining pressure, strain gauge data) and acoustic data necessary to reproduce the seismic tomography presented in 'Rupture energetics in crustal rock from laboratory-scale seismic tomography' by Aben, Brantut, Mitchell and David [2019], Geophysical Research Letters. Acoustic data contains AE source locations and arrival times, sensor locations, arrival times of active acoustic surveys.

Data tables for carbon in global Palaeoproterozoic black shales (NERC Grant NE/M010953/1)
4 tables, and accompanying references, from paper entitled ‘Increased biomass and carbon burial 2 billion years ago triggered mountain building’. Tables record orogen depositional ages, deformation ages, Total Organic Carbon contents and organic carbon isotope compositions, for 20 orogens of Palaeoproterozoic age.

Database of EGS landslides density
The first layer is a Landslide density map (LANDEN). The second layer is an average landslide density for each administrative area. A detailed explanation of these layers can be found in: Herrera, G., Mateos, R. M., García-Davalillo, J. C., Grandjean, G., Poyiadji, E., Maftei, R., ... and Trigila, A. (2017). Landslide databases in the Geological Surveys of Europe. Landslides, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-017-0902-z.

Database of mineral deposits in Romania
This dataset contains point locations of mineral deposits (metallic, non-metallic and radioactive). The attributes consist of descriptive data (free text or from dictionaries) on the following topics: (general data, geological data, economic data and free text description. The process of completion of attributes is in the developing stage.

Database of mineral deposits with concession in Slovenia
The database includes basic attributes describing mineral deposits (exploitation and exploration spaces) for which the state has granted concession.

Database of mineral resources in Romania, harmonized for Minerals4EU
Database of mineral resources in Romania for Minerals4EU contains basic information on mineral occurences from the Geological Institute of Romania data base. Mining, exploring, resources/reserves and production statistics is not included in this version. Database is in incipient phase of completion, it will be completed with relevant inforation in next time. The information is harmonized according to specifications in the Minerals4EU project.

Dataset of linepacking times for CO2 pipelines
This dataset provides the linepacking times that have been generated for a set of pipeline dimensions, flow rates, lengths and pressure conditions. This work has been funded by the UK Carbon Capture and Storage Research Centre within the framework of the FleCCSnet project (UKCCSRC-C1-40). The UKCCSRC is supported by the EPSRC as part of the Research Councils UK Energy Programme ( https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2017.06.002). This dataset forms the basis of the work and analysis presented in the paper: Aghajani, H, Race, JM, Wetenhall, B, Sanchez Fernandez, E, Lucquiaud, M & Chalmers, H 2017, 'On the potential for interim storage in dense phase CO2 pipelines' International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control.

Datasets containing multiple diversity metrics of planktonic foraminifera (NERC grant NE/I00551X/1)
Two datasets containing multiple diversity metrics of planktonic foraminifera. Recent data is from MARGO (Multiproxy approach for the reconstruction of the glacial ocean surface); Eocene data is from NEPTUNE (a relational database of microfossil occurrence records from DSDP and ODP publications), supplemented by literature searches. These data are related to Fenton et al (2016) Phil Trans (DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0224) Data used in Fenton et al (2016) Environmental predictors of diversity in Recent planktonic foraminifera as recorded in marine sediments. The original data is from the MARGO database (Kucera, 2007)

Datasets produced by Multiscale Impacts of Cyanobacterial Crusts on Landscape Stability (1/2) (NERC grant NE/K011626/1)
Data consist of field spectral reflectance measurements and surface photographs of cyanobacterial soil crusts and other surficial materials in Diamantina National Park, Queensland. Data were collected as part of project NE/K011626/1 (associated with NE/K011464/1) Multiscale Impacts of Cyanobacterial Crusts on Landscape Stability. The reflectance data and associated surface photographs are of biological and physical soil crusts developed on claypan and sand dune surfaces alongside the Diamantina River (specifically on and around Lake Constance pan and Homestead pan. Data were collected and processed by Kevin White and Ian Davenport, using a Spectra Vista Hr1024i spectrometer with a spectralon reference panel. All data were processed using SVC Hr1024i PC Data acquisition software (version 1.6.7 Beta) to remove areas of spectral overlap. Photographs taken using a range of mobile device cameras. All field photographs are in JPEG (jpg) format. Data were collected for the purpose of assessing the ability to remotely sense presence/absence of cyanobacterial soil crusts for mapping purposes. Data are organised into a directory structure based on specific field experiments, each with its own directory structure. Dataset 1: Calcrete Reflectance Spectra, Diamantina National Park. Calcrete exposures are common in Diamantina National Park, forming flat-topped hills known locally as 'Jump-Ups'. Calcretes creat false positives with the commonly used biological soil crust indices from remote sensing data, so field spectra of calcretes were collected to characterise their spectral reflectance to assist with image processing. Dataset 2: Lake Constance Pan Mapping project Field Photographs, Reflectance Spectra and field notes, Lake Constance Clay Pan, Diamantina National Park. This dataset is a repeat survey undertaken in 2015, which revisited sample points first surveyed as part of the so-called 'MAM survey' in 2000. Dataset 3: Solar Radiation Photosynthesis experiment Field Photographs and Reflectance Spectra from three locations in Diamantina National Park, Lake Constance pan, a duneflank site on ‘Crusty Inlet dune’ (where no photosynthesis could be stimulated) and Homestead pan. The Homestead pan experiment was run twice (Winter 2015 and Summer 2016). Dataset 4: Shade netting experiment Spectral Reflectance measurements of a spectralon panel were taken under the shade netting to characterise the transmissivity of the netting at different solar elevation angles. Dataset 5: Photographic cards Spectral reflectance measurements of a set of photographic reference cards, which were included in the frame of all the surface photographs collected for this project. Dataset 6: Mobile Device experiment Field Photographs taken with a range of mobile device cameras (Moto G, Nexus 6 and Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1) and two cameras (Nikon Coolpix P610 and Nikon Coolpix 950 Full Spectrum), and associated reflectance spectra data, for 5 study sites Crusty Inlet Pan Surface, Crusty Inlet Dune North Flank, Lake Constance Pan and Homestead Dune. Dataset 7: Rainfall simulator Spectral reflectance data and associated field notes of sites used in a rainfall simulator/wind tunnel experiment, Lake Constance claypan (which formed part of the associated NERC project NE/K011464/1)

Datasets produced by Multiscale Impacts of Cyanobacterial Crusts on Landscape Stability (1/6) (NERC grant NE/K011464/1)
Data from laboratory experiments conducted as part of project NE/K011464/1 (associated with NE/K011626/1) Multiscale Impacts of Cyanobacterial Crusts on Landscape stability. Soils were collected from two sites in eastern Australia and transferred to a laboratory at Griffith University, Queensland for conduct of experiments. Soils were A, a sandy loam, and B a loamy fine sand. Trays 120 mm x 1200 mm x 50 mm were filled with untreated soil that contained a natural population of biota. Soils were either used immediately for experiments (physical soil crust only: PC) or were placed in a greenhouse and spray irrigated until a cyanobacterial crust has grown from the natural biota. Growth was for a period of 5 days (SS), c.30 days (MS2) or c.60 days (MS1). Following the growing period (if applicable) trays were placed in a temperature/humidity controlled room at 35° and 30% humidity until soil moisture (measured 5 mm below the surface) was 5%. Trays were then subject to rainfall simulation. Rainfall intensity of 60 mm hr-1 was used and rainfall was applied for 2 minutes (achieving 2 mm application), 8 minutes (achieving 8 mm application) or 15 minutes (achieving 15 mm application). Following rainfall, trays were returned to the temperature/humidity-controlled room under UV lighting until soil moisture at 5 mm below the surface was 5%. A wind tunnel was then placed on top of each tray in turn and a sequential series of wind velocities (5, 7, 8.5, 10, 12 m s-1) applied each for one minute duration. On each tray the five wind velocities were run without saltation providing a cumulative dust flux. For the highest wind speed, an additional simulation run was conducted with the injection of saltation sands. Three replicates of each rainfall treatment were made. Variables measured include photographs, spectral reflectance, surface roughness, fluorescence, penetrometry, chlorophyll content, extracellular polysaccharide content, Carbon, Nitrogen and splash erosion and particle-size analysis (of wind eroded material). Details of rainfall simulator, growth of cyanobacteria, laser soil surface roughness characterisation and wind tunnel design and deployment in Strong et al., 2016; Bullard et al. 2018, 2019. Bullard, J.E., Ockelford, A., Strong, C.L., Aubault, H. 2018a. Impact of multi-day rainfall events on surface roughness and physical crusting of very fine soils. Geoderma, 313, 181-192. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.10.038. Bullard, J.E., Ockelford, A., Strong, C.L., Aubault, H. 2018b. Effects of cyanobacterial soil crusts on surface roughness and splash erosion. Journal of Geophysical Research – Biogeosciences. doi: 10.1029/2018. Strong, C.S., Leys, J.F., Raupach, M.R., Bullard, J.E., Aubault, H.A., Butler, H.J., McTainsh, G.H. 2016. Development and testing of a micro wind tunnel for on-site wind erosion simulations. Environmental Fluid Mechanics, 16, 1065-1083.

Datasets produced by Multiscale Impacts of Cyanobacterial Crusts on Landscape Stability (2/2) (NERC grant NE/K011464/1)
Data from laboratory experiments conducted as part of project NE/K011464/1 (associated with NE/K011626/1) Multiscale Impacts of Cyanobacterial Crusts on Landscape stability. Soils were collected from eastern Australia and transferred to a laboratory at Griffith University, Queensland for conduct of experiments. Soils were characterised before, during and after simulated rainfall to determine impact of rainfall on soil surface roughness and physical crusting. For two soils (#13 DL Clay_cyano; #14 DL sand_cyano) cyanobacterial crusts were grown on subsamples and these were used to compare the response of soils with, and without, cyanobacterial soil crusts to rainfall treatment. Rainfall intensity of 60 mm hr-1 was used and rainfall was applied for 2 minutes (achieving 2 mm application), 5 minutes (achieving 5 mm application), 2 minutes (achieving 2 mm application) at 24-hour intervals with soils dried at 35°C and 30% humidity between applications in a temperature/humidity-controlled room. Variables measured were soil texture, penetrometry, salinity, splash loss, infiltration, organic matter content, occurrence of ponding, three-dimensional topography. Details of rainfall simulator, growth of cyanobacteria (where soil #13 = Acbc, soil #14 = Bcbc) and all other methods can be found in Bullard et al. 2018, 2019. Bullard, J.E., Ockelford, A., Strong, C.L., Aubault, H. 2018. Impact of multi-day rainfall events onsurface roughness and physical crusting of very fine soils. Geoderma, 313, 181-192. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.10.038. Bullard, J.E., Ockelford, A., Strong, C.L., Aubault, H. 2019. Effects of cyanobacterial soil crusts on surface roughness and splash erosion. Journal of Geophysical Research – Biogeosciences. doi: 10.1029/2018 tbc

Data from laboratory experiments conducted as part of project NE/K011464/1 (associated with NE/K011626/1) Multiscale Impacts of Cyanobacterial Crusts on Landscape stability. Soils were collected from two sites in eastern Australia and transferred to a laboratory at Griffith University, Queensland for conduct of experiments. Soils were A, a sandy loam, and B a loamy fine sand. Trays 120 mm x 1200 mm x 50 mm were filled with untreated soil that contained a natural population of biota. Soils were either used immediately for experiments (physical soil crust only: PC) or were placed in a greenhouse and spray irrigated until a cyanobacterial crust has grown from the natural biota. Growth was for a period of 5 days (SS), c.30 days (MS2) or c.60 days (MS1). Following the growing period (if applicable) trays were placed in a temperature/humidity controlled room at 35º and 30% humidity until soil moisture (measured 5 mm below the surface) was 5%. Trays were then subject to rainfall simulation. Rainfall intensity of 60 mm hr-1 was used and rainfall was applied for 2 minutes (achieving 2 mm application), 8 minutes (achieving 8 mm application) or 15 minutes (achieving 15 mm application). Following rainfall, trays were returned to the temperature/humidity-controlled room under UV lighting until soil moisture at 5 mm below the surface was 5%. A wind tunnel was then placed on top of each tray in turn and a sequential series of wind velocities (5, 7, 8.5, 10, 12 m s-1) applied each for one minute duration. On each tray the five wind velocities were run without saltation providing a cumulative dust flux. For the highest wind speed, an additional simulation run was conducted with the injection of saltation sands. Three replicates of each rainfall treatment were made. Variables measured include photographs, spectral reflectance, surface roughness, fluorescence, penetrometry, chlorophyll content, extracellular polysaccharide content, Carbon, Nitrogen and splash erosion and particle-size analysis (of wind eroded material). Details of rainfall simulator, growth of cyanobacteria, laser soil surface roughness characterisation and wind tunnel design and deployment in Strong et al., 2016; Bullard et al. 2018, 2019. Bullard, J.E., Ockelford, A., Strong, C.L., Aubault, H. 2018a. Impact of multi-day rainfall events on surface roughness and physical crusting of very fine soils. Geoderma, 313, 181-192. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.10.038. Bullard, J.E., Ockelford, A., Strong, C.L., Aubault, H. 2018b. Effects of cyanobacterial soil crusts on surface roughness and splash erosion. Journal of Geophysical Research – Biogeosciences. doi: 10.1029/2018. Strong, C.S., Leys, J.F., Raupach, M.R., Bullard, J.E., Aubault, H.A., Butler, H.J., McTainsh, G.H. 2016. Development and testing of a micro wind tunnel for on-site wind erosion simulations. Environmental Fluid Mechanics, 16, 1065-1083.

Datasets produced by Multiscale Impacts of Cyanobacterial Crusts on Landscape Stability (3/6) (NERC grant NE/K011464/1, NE/K011626/1)
Data from laboratory experiments conducted as part of project NE/K011464/1 (associated with NE/K011626/1) Multiscale Impacts of Cyanobacterial Crusts on Landscape stability. Soils were collected from two sites in eastern Australia and transferred to a laboratory at Griffith University, Queensland for conduct of experiments. Soils were A, a sandy loam, and B a loamy fine sand. Trays 120 mm x 1200 mm x 50 mm were filled with untreated soil that contained a natural population of biota. Soils were either used immediately for experiments (physical soil crust only: PC) or were placed in a greenhouse and spray irrigated until a cyanobacterial crust has grown from the natural biota. Growth was for a period of 5 days (SS), c.30 days (MS2) or c.60 days (MS1). Following the growing period (if applicable) trays were placed in a temperature/humidity controlled room at 35° and 30% humidity until soil moisture (measured 5 mm below the surface) was 5%. Trays were then subject to rainfall simulation. Rainfall intensity of 60 mm hr-1 was used and rainfall was applied for 2 minutes (achieving 2 mm application), 8 minutes (achieving 8 mm application) or 15 minutes (achieving 15 mm application). Following rainfall, trays were returned to the temperature/humidity-controlled room under UV lighting until soil moisture at 5 mm below the surface was 5%. A wind tunnel was then placed on top of each tray in turn and a sequential series of wind velocities (5, 7, 8.5, 10, 12 m s-1) applied each for one minute duration. On each tray the five wind velocities were run without saltation providing a cumulative dust flux. For the highest wind speed, an additional simulation run was conducted with the injection of saltation sands. Three replicates of each rainfall treatment were made. Variables measured include photographs, spectral reflectance, surface roughness, fluorescence, penetrometry, chlorophyll content, extracellular polysaccharide content, Carbon, Nitrogen and splash erosion and particle-size analysis (of wind eroded material). Details of rainfall simulator, growth of cyanobacteria, laser soil surface roughness characterisation and wind tunnel design and deployment in Strong et al., 2016; Bullard et al. 2018, 2019. Bullard, J.E., Ockelford, A., Strong, C.L., Aubault, H. 2018a. Impact of multi-day rainfall events on surface roughness and physical crusting of very fine soils. Geoderma, 313, 181-192. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.10.038. Bullard, J.E., Ockelford, A., Strong, C.L., Aubault, H. 2018b. Effects of cyanobacterial soil crusts on surface roughness and splash erosion. Journal of Geophysical Research – Biogeosciences. doi: 10.1029/2018. Strong, C.S., Leys, J.F., Raupach, M.R., Bullard, J.E., Aubault, H.A., Butler, H.J., McTainsh, G.H. 2016. Development and testing of a micro wind tunnel for on-site wind erosion simulations. Environmental Fluid Mechanics, 16, 1065-1083.

Datasets produced by Multiscale Impacts of Cyanobacterial Crusts on Landscape Stability (4/6) (NERC Grant NE/K011464/1)
Data from laboratory experiments conducted as part of project NE/K011464/1 (associated with NE/K011626/1) Multiscale Impacts of Cyanobacterial Crusts on Landscape stability. Soils were collected from two sites in eastern Australia and transferred to a laboratory at Griffith University, Queensland for conduct of experiments. Soils were A, a sandy loam, and B a loamy fine sand. Trays 120 mm x 1200 mm x 50 mm were filled with untreated soil that contained a natural population of biota. Soils were either used immediately for experiments (physical soil crust only: PC) or were placed in a greenhouse and spray irrigated until a cyanobacterial crust has grown from the natural biota. Growth was for a period of 5 days (SS), c.30 days (MS2) or c.60 days (MS1). Following the growing period (if applicable) trays were placed in a temperature/humidity controlled room at 35° and 30% humidity until soil moisture (measured 5 mm below the surface) was 5%. Trays were then subject to rainfall simulation. Rainfall intensity of 60 mm hr-1 was used and rainfall was applied for 2 minutes (achieving 2 mm application), 8 minutes (achieving 8 mm application) or 15 minutes (achieving 15 mm application). Following rainfall, trays were returned to the temperature/humidity-controlled room under UV lighting until soil moisture at 5 mm below the surface was 5%. A wind tunnel was then placed on top of each tray in turn and a sequential series of wind velocities (5, 7, 8.5, 10, 12 m s-1) applied each for one minute duration. On each tray the five wind velocities were run without saltation providing a cumulative dust flux. For the highest wind speed, an additional simulation run was conducted with the injection of saltation sands. Three replicates of each rainfall treatment were made. Variables measured include photographs, spectral reflectance, surface roughness, fluorescence, penetrometry, chlorophyll content, extracellular polysaccharide content, Carbon, Nitrogen and splash erosion and particle-size analysis (of wind eroded material). Details of rainfall simulator, growth of cyanobacteria, laser soil surface roughness characterisation and wind tunnel design and deployment in Strong et al., 2016; Bullard et al. 2018, 2019. Bullard, J.E., Ockelford, A., Strong, C.L., Aubault, H. 2018a. Impact of multi-day rainfall events on surface roughness and physical crusting of very fine soils. Geoderma, 313, 181-192. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.10.038. Bullard, J.E., Ockelford, A., Strong, C.L., Aubault, H. 2018b. Effects of cyanobacterial soil crusts on surface roughness and splash erosion. Journal of Geophysical Research – Biogeosciences. Doi: 10.1029/2018. Strong, C.S., Leys, J.F., Raupach, M.R., Bullard, J.E., Aubault, H.A., Butler, H.J., McTainsh, G.H. 2016. Development and testing of a micro wind tunnel for on-site wind erosion simulations. Environmental Fluid Mechanics, 16, 1065-1083.

Datasets produced by Multiscale Impacts of Cyanobacterial Crusts on Landscape Stability (5/6) (NERC Grant NE/K011464/1)
Data from laboratory experiments conducted as part of project NE/K011464/1 (associated with NE/K011626/1) Multiscale Impacts of Cyanobacterial Crusts on Landscape stability. Soils were collected from two sites in eastern Australia and transferred to a laboratory at Griffith University, Queensland for conduct of experiments. Soils were A, a sandy loam, and B a loamy fine sand. Trays 120 mm x 1200 mm x 50 mm were filled with untreated soil that contained a natural population of biota. Soils were either used immediately for experiments (physical soil crust only: PC) or were placed in a greenhouse and spray irrigated until a cyanobacterial crust has grown from the natural biota. Growth was for a period of 5 days (SS), c.30 days (MS2) or c.60 days (MS1). Following the growing period (if applicable) trays were placed in a temperature/humidity controlled room at 35° and 30% humidity until soil moisture (measured 5 mm below the surface) was 5%. Trays were then subject to rainfall simulation. Rainfall intensity of 60 mm hr-1 was used and rainfall was applied for 2 minutes (achieving 2 mm application), 8 minutes (achieving 8 mm application) or 15 minutes (achieving 15 mm application). Following rainfall, trays were returned to the temperature/humidity-controlled room under UV lighting until soil moisture at 5 mm below the surface was 5%. A wind tunnel was then placed on top of each tray in turn and a sequential series of wind velocities (5, 7, 8.5, 10, 12 m s-1) applied each for one minute duration. On each tray the five wind velocities were run without saltation providing a cumulative dust flux. For the highest wind speed, an additional simulation run was conducted with the injection of saltation sands. Three replicates of each rainfall treatment were made. Variables measured include photographs, spectral reflectance, surface roughness, fluorescence, penetrometry, chlorophyll content, extracellular polysaccharide content, Carbon, Nitrogen and splash erosion and particle-size analysis (of wind eroded material). Details of rainfall simulator, growth of cyanobacteria, laser soil surface roughness characterisation and wind tunnel design and deployment in Strong et al., 2016; Bullard et al. 2018, 2019. Bullard, J.E., Ockelford, A., Strong, C.L., Aubault, H. 2018a. Impact of multi-day rainfall events on surface roughness and physical crusting of very fine soils. Geoderma, 313, 181-192. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.10.038. Bullard, J.E., Ockelford, A., Strong, C.L., Aubault, H. 2018b. Effects of cyanobacterial soil crusts on surface roughness and splash erosion. Journal of Geophysical Research – Biogeosciences. doi: 10.1029/2018. Strong, C.S., Leys, J.F., Raupach, M.R., Bullard, J.E., Aubault, H.A., Butler, H.J., McTainsh, G.H. 2016. Development and testing of a micro wind tunnel for on-site wind erosion simulations. Environmental Fluid Mechanics, 16, 1065-1083.

Datasets produced by Multiscale Impacts of Cyanobacterial Crusts on Landscape Stability (6/6) (NERC Grant NE/K011464/1)

DC resistivity at 10 m depth in NW Hungary
DC resistivity [Ohmm] from Vertical Electric Soundings in the Kisalföld area at NW Hungary. It represents an interval resistivity determined by geophysical inversion for the 7 - 15 m depth range. Dataset is available through simple feature WMS, INSPIRE predefined download servic and direct GML MultiSurfaceCoverage download. For service links see transfer options.

DECC: Reports from Kingsnorth E.ON UK Carbon Capture & Storage Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) project
During 2010-11, as part of the Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Demonstration Competition process, E.ON undertook a preliminary Front End Engineering Design (FEED) study for the development of a commercial scale CCS demonstration plant at Kingsnorth in Kent, South East England. The study has yielded invaluable knowledge on areas including project design, technical design, health and safety, environment, consents and project management. The E.ON UK FEED study material is available for download.

DECC: Reports from Longannet ScottishPower UK Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Consortium Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) Project
In March 2010, the Scottish CCS (Carbon Capture & Storage) Consortium began an extensive Front End, Engineering and Design (FEED) study to assess what exactly would be required from an engineering, commercial and regulatory, perspective in order to progress the CCS demonstration project at Longannet Power station in Scotland (Goldeneye) through to construction. The study has yielded invaluable knowledge in areas such as cost, design, end-to-end CCS chain operation, health and safety, environment, consent and permitting, risk management, and lessons learnt. The ScottishPower CCS Consortium FEED study material are available for download.

DECC: Reports from Peterhead and White Rose UK Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) Projects
The UK government is committed to sharing the knowledge from the UK CCS projects. Under the 2013/2014 Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) contracts, the Peterhead (Goldeneye) and White Rose CCS projects delivered 86 reports. Under FEED, the completed reports are defined as Key Knowledge Deliverables (KKDs). The reports will enable both the Peterhead and White Rose projects to share the knowledge and learning acquired on their respective CCS projects. These Key Knowledge Deliverables from these FEED studies will cover many aspects of delivering a large scale commercial CCS project. This will include: commercial and financing arrangements; programme and risk management; consents and permitting; technical design, engineering and integration; health and safety; and lessons learnt. The KKDs will be published by DECC during 2015 and 2016. The reports can be accessed from

Decision support map for the use of shallow geothermal energy

Deep Geothermal 3D Model of the Danish subsurface
Information about the deep geological setting in Denmark originates largely from hydrocarbon exploration activities with seismic profiles and wells covering most of the country, however with an uneven distribution (Vosgerau et al. 2016). The interpretation of these data provides information on the regional structural setting and spatial distribution of sedimentary units. The derived subsurface 3D structural (and geological) model with main lithological units includes information on potential geothermal reservoirs with burial depth and spatial distribution. Well data contain information about the reservoir quality as well as information on temperature and geochemistry of the formation water, where such data were measured (e.g., Weibel et al. 2017; Kristensen et al. 2016; Olivarius et al. 2015).

Deep Mantle Recycling Revealed in Diamonds and their Mineral Inclusions (NERC Grant NE/J008583/1)
Three Published Papers; Thomson et al CMP 2014 - Origin of Sub-Lithospheric diamonds from the Juina-5 Kimberlite (Brazil): constraints from Carbon Isotopes and Inclusion Compositions http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-014-1081-8. Thomson et al Nature 2016 - Slab melting as a barrier to deep carbon subduction http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature16174 Burnham et al 2015 - Stable Isotope evidence for Crustal Recycling as recorded by superdeep Diamonds http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.10.023 NERC grant abstract: Natural diamonds are formed at high pressures and temperatures deep within the Earth's interior. When diamonds form, probably from carbonate-rich fluids and melts in the mantle, they sometimes encapsulate small pieces of the minerals that occur at great depth in the Earth. These are called mineral inclusions. The diamonds are then transported from Earth's deep mantle to the surface in uncommon magmas called kimberlites. Diamonds that contain these mineral inclusions are very rare, and offer a truly unique glimpse into what is an otherwise inaccessible portion of the Earth. Some very rare inclusions provide direct samples of lithologies present in the mantle transition zone (400 - 660 km) and the lower mantle (>660 km) - these are often called superdeep diamonds. The chemistry of the inclusions along with mineral phase relations yield important information about the kinds of lithologies they originated in, and constrain the conditions of diamond formation and the depth at which kimberlite magmas form. Thus, superdeep diamonds are very important for studying the types of materials that occur in the deep Earth, for elucidating deep mantle processes, and for understanding how carbon is cycled from the surface to the mantle and back to the surface again - the deep carbon cycle. For example, some diamonds contain materials that are very similar to those occurring near the earth's surface, such as minerals akin to oceanic crust or sediments, and these often have carbon isotopic compositions akin to organic carbon - although this is a controversial subject. From this, we can conclude that surface materials can be transported to great depth, helping to constrain models of mass transfer in Earth by mantle convection. Further, by dating when the diamonds formed, for example by dating of inclusions, we can effectively place time constraints in the geodynamic processes involved in diamond formation and uplift in the mantle. Inclusion-bearing diamonds suitable for study are very hard to come by. We are very fortunate to be in possession of several large suites (over 200 inclusion-bearing diamonds in all!) of diamonds from kimberlite pipes in the famous Juina region of Brazil, a region known for its superdeep diamonds. Our previous study on diamonds from the Juina region has yielded some fascinating results, and has led to a model of material recycling beneath Brazil that we have recently published in the journal Nature and in Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology. We now wish to extend our investigations by studying new suites of diamonds from Juina to test our current model, and to make high-pressure temperature experiments that will allow us to determine at what depths the inclusions formed and equilibrated, and will provide information needed to constrain the rates at which diamonds were transported in the solid-state mantle, possibly in a mantle plume. Here, we propose a three-year project for a comprehensive mineralogical, geochemical, isotopic and experimental investigation of these unique diamonds and their mineral inclusions.

Deep Seismic Survey Data.
This data set contains the following original data for the deep seismic reflection surveys conducted by the BGS in various parts of the UK. The data consists of observers' logs, surveyors' reports, location data tapes, field data recording tapes and processed data tapes. The processed tapes are at various stages of processing from demultiplexed field data to migrated stack (not all available for all profiles) These data are kept as archive copies. They are generally available for academic and commercial use, subject to payment of fees (and, in a few cases, the agreement of co-owners of the data rights). There are Approximately 20 files of written records and 200 tapes.

Defence Research Agency (DRA) Sampling Survey 1996_CT: Barra Fan ( 21/08/1996 to 29/08/1996)
This marine sampling survey took place in August 1996 in the Barra Fan area off the Hebrieds aboard the RV Colonel Templer. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS) on behalf of the Defence Research Agency details contained in BGS Marine report WB/96/36C.

Deformation and acoustic emission of Neapolitan Yellow Tuff
These data represent a series of analyses exploring the seismic behaviours of low-cohesion volcanic sediments – in this case the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff - under varying strain rates. The data include deformation logs from triaxial compression experiments, and the accompanying 12-channel acoustic emission recordings at 10 MHz. These are paired with X-Ray Computed Tomography images of one of the cores from both before and after deformation, to examine damage behaviour. These data include: Deformation logs captured from the triaxial press Acoustic emission event data Processed acoustic emission sonograms for selected events Matlab code for processing of sonograms Matlab code for statistical analysis of the acoustic emission data Before and after X-Ray Computed tomography data for a core which underwent 2% strain at a rate of 4x10-6 s-1. These data relate to Rowley et al - Deformation controlled Long-Period seismicity in low cohesion volcanic sediments https://doi.org/10.31223/osf.io/7rkzv

Deformation of Sandstone under Crustal Pressure and Temperature Conditions (NERC Grant NE/L002485/1)
Data generated at UCL on a conventional triaxial apparatus used to deform three different sandstones at room temperature and 150 °C. The data includes the raw mechanical data (time, load, displacement, pore pressure, pore pressure volume and confining pressure) and the meaningful processed data used to plot figures and draw main conclusions (stress, strain, pore volume change, effective mean stress, inelastic strain, yield points and Youngs modulus). The three sandstones used were Bleursville, Locharbriggs and Boise Sandstone, and are denoted by data files SS, L and MBO respectively. This dataset is used in the paper: M. Jefferd, N. Brantut, P.G. Meredith and T.M. Mitchell, Compactive Deformation of Sandstone under Crustal Pressure and Temperature Conditionsserpentinite, submitted to J. Geophys. Res. And in the UCL PhD Thesis M.Jefferd, Sandstone under Crustal Pressure and Temperature

Defra Marine Conservation Zone (MCZ) geology and backscatter data (2011 onwards)
Data from Marine Conservation Zone (MCZ) surveys are archived in the MEDIN Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics at the British Geological Survey. This includes geology (Particle Size Analysis) data and multibeam backscatter data. Data are delivered via the BGS Offshore GeoIndex. Additional data are available on request enquiries@bgs.ac.uk. Other data types are archived with the other MEDIN DACs as appropriate (UKHO DAC for bathymetry data and DASSH DAC for biological data).

Delta - lines
Polyline defining the margin of a former delta. A delta is formed by deposition of sediment transported via river as it enters slower-moving / stagnant body of water such as a marine environment, lake or estuary. Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

Delta - polygons
Delta Relict delta landform formed by deposition of sediment transported via river as it enters slower-moving / stagnant body of water such as a marine environment, lake or estuary. Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

Dense Array for Northern Anatolia (DANA) (NERC grant NE/I028017/1)
A seismic dataset of 70 temporary and 3 permanent seismic stations deployed from 05/2012 to 10/2013 in northern Turkey. Three-component seismic data were collected at each location. Stations were deployed across the North Anatolian Fracture Zone (NAFZ) in the region of the 1999 Izmit and Duzce earthquakes. The network covered a footprint of ~35 by 70 km with a nominal station spacing of 7 km. Continuous seismic data were collected to study the crustal structure of the NAFZ to better understand the structure and dynamics of the NAFZ and it seismic hazard for the region. Funding for the project was provided through NERC Standard grant NE/I028017/1 and 63 stations were provided by the GEF. Additional stations were provided by the Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute. Seismic stations were a mixture of Guralp CMG-6TD and CMG-3T. Further information can be found in GEF report for loan 947 - http://gef.nerc.ac.uk/documents/report/947. Link to data: http://ds.iris.edu/gmap/YH?timewindow=2012/5/01-2013/10/01

Density Functional Theory Calculations of Rare Earth Systems (NERC Grant NE/M01147X/1)
This data set contains example input and output files from density functional theory calculations of rare earth systems, using the Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package (VASP), The data set it split into two parts. The first data set contains the input and output files of molecular dynamics simulations of MCl3 in solution, where (M = Nd, Gd and Er) at ambient conditions, which was modelled at 341 K using the optB88 exchange-correlation functional. The calculations were run in order to investigate speciation in rare earth chloride solutions, including trends across the row, using a light (Nd), medium (Gd) and heavy (Er) rare earth. These particular calculations were used to validate classical interatomic potentials that were used to perform more complex simulation on larger systems and longer timescales. Only the first 2 ps of the trajectories are deposited here, since the complete trajectories are large. The second data set contains example input and output files for lattice dynamics calculations of the thermodynamics properties (heat capacity and entropy) of Nd-monazite and Nd-xenotime at ambient conditions up to 1200 K. In addition, it includes scripts for processing and plots of final results. These are useful for thermodynamical modelling of rare earth systems. Only the input and output files for Nd are deposited here, since the files are large and input files for Gd and Er are identical, save for the change in element.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2012/6_DEFRA: Isle of May (24/May/2012 to 11/Jun/2012)
This marine geophysical, multibeam and seabed imaging survey took place in May/June 2012 in the area of Isle of May, Firth of Forth on board the RV White Ribbon. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS) and was commissioned by DEFRA to investigate best practice, and innovative methodologies for the mapping and monitoring of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. Sidescan sonar data was also collected. Photos of the seabed were taken using a drop camera and video was recorded using an ROV. These data are archived by BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Beachy Head East: Benthic Sampling and Photo/Video Survey bhea_svgl0612: English Channel (20/02/2012 to 23/03/2012)
Drop Camera survey collecting video and still images of the seabed habitats within the Beachy Head East rMCZ. Hamon Grab survey within the Beachy Head East rMCZ. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Beachy Head East: Multibeam Survey bhea_14_2012: English Channel (20/02/2012 to 23/03/2012)
Full coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, namely International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, UTM-31N co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Positioning System (D-GPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD).Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. Ship Wessex Explorer / EGS Pioneer. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Beachy Head West: Benthic sampling and video survey BHWE_2GDK70815: Eastern Channel (08/08/2015 to 02/09/2015)
Beachy Head West Marine Conservation Zone (MCZ) 2015 habitat verification survey. Sampling equipment: Drop camera and 0.1 m2 Mini-Hamon grab. Drop Camera survey collecting video and still images of the seabed habitats within the Beachy Head West MCZ. Hamon Grab survey within the Beachy Head West MCZ.These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package (excluding raw bathymetry) is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Bembridge: Benthic Sampling and Video survey bmbr_svgl0312: Eastern Channel (25/02/2012 to 27/02/2012)
Drop Camera survey collecting video and still images of the seabed habitats within the Bembridge rMCZ. Hamon Grab survey within the Bembridge rMCZ. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Bembridge: Multibeam survey BMBR_40_12: Eastern Channel (01/03/2012 to 15/03/2012)
Full coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, namely International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, UTM 30N co-ordinates collected by Real Time Kinematic Global Positioning System (RTK-GPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum via VORF (CD), cross lines run at 20 times spacing of main lines. Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Bristow to the Stones: Multibeam and Photo/Video Survey ISSS_CEND0113Y: Isles of Scilly (19/01/2013 to 25/01/2013)
Full coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter. WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Positioning System (D-GPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD). Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. Drop Camera survey collecting video and still images of the seabed habitats within the Isles of Scilly rMCZ. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Cape Bank: Benthic Sampling and Video survey CPBK_CEND0115: Western Channel and Celtic Sea (05/01/2015 to 21/01/2015)
Details unknown. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package (excluding raw bathymetry) is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Cape Bank: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Video survey CPBK_CEND2514: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (17/11/2014 to 17/12/2014)
Multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to give full coverage with existing coverage from previous survey in 20XX. WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Positioning System (D-GPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD). Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. Drop Camera collecting video and still images of the seabed habitats within Cape Bank rMCZ.Grab survey collecting PSA and benthin infaunal samples from seabed habitats within Cape Bank rMCZ. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC.The full site data package (excluding raw bathymetry) is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Coquet to St Mary's: Benthic Sampling and Video survey CQSM_2ENC30714: Northern North Sea (02/07/2014 to 06/09/2014)
Drop Camera survey collecting video and still images of the seabed habitats within the Coquet to St Mary's rMCZ. Hamon Grab survey within the Coquet to St Mary's rMCZ. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Coquet to St Mary's: Multibeam survey CQSM_2enc30114: Northern North Sea (22/01/2014 to 22/03/2014)
Full coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter. WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Positioning System (D-GPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD). Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Cromer Shoal Chalk Beds: Benthic Sampling and Photo/Video Survey cscb_2ENC30914: Southern North Sea (06/08/2014 to 12/09/2014)
Drop Camera survey collecting video and still images of the seabed habitats within the Cromer Shoal Chalk Beds rMCZ. Hamon Grab survey within the Cromer Shoal Chalk Beds rMCZ. (Part 1, 2 and 3). These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Cromer Shoal Chalk Beds: Multibeam and Photo/Video Survey cscb_cend0113y: Southern North Sea (28/01/2013 to 30/01/2013)
Partial coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter. WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Positioning System (D-GPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD). Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. Drop Camera survey collecting video and still images of the seabed habitats within the Cromer Shoal Chalk Bed rMCZ. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Cromer Shoal Chalk Beds: Multibeam Survey cscb_21_2012: Southern North Sea (15/03/2012 to 30/03/2012)
Full coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, namely International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, UTM 31N co-ordinates collected by Real Time Kinematic Global Positioning System (RTK-GPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum via VORF (CD). Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Cromer Shoal Chalk Beds: Multibeam Survey CSCB_3_2014: Southern North Sea (05/02/2014 to 09/03/2014)
Full coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, namely International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Navigation Satellite System (DGNSS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD), full seafloor coverage achieved. Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Cumbria Coast: Benthic Sampling and Video survey CMBC_2FGL40815: Irish Sea (11/08/2015 to 13/08/2015)
Details unknown. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package (excluding raw bathymetry) is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Dover to Deal: Benthic Sampling and Video Survey dvdl_svgl0812: Eastern Channel (11/03/2012 to 14/03/2012)
Groundtruth survey collecting sediment samples (using Hamon grab) for infaunal anaysis and PSA and video and still image samples (using combination of camera sledge and drop camera). These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Dover to Folkestone: Benthic Sampling and Video Survey dvfk_svgl0712: Eastern Channel (10/03/2012 to 15/03/2012)
Groundtruth survey collecting sediment samples (using Hamon grab) for infaunal anaysis and PSA and video and still image samples (using combination of camera sledge and drop camera). These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: East of Celtic Deep: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Photo/Video Survey ECLD_cend0312: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (18/02/2012 to 19/02/2012)
Full coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Positioning System (D-GPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD), Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. Groundtruth survey collecting sediment samples (using Hamon grab) for infaunal anaysis and PSA and video and still image samples (using combination of camera sledge and drop camera). These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: East of Haig Fras: Multibeam Survey ehgf_itt: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (20/03/2012 to 31/03/2012)
MBES (MultiBeamEchoSounder) bathymetry and backscatter data obtained using a Simrad EM710. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: East of Haig Fras: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Photo/Video Survey ehgf_cend0312: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (09/02/2013 to 12/02/2013)
Multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, namely International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Positioning System (D-GPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD), crosslines run at 20 times spacing of main lines. Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. A camera sledge survey of approximately one in every three target stations placed within the EHGF rMCZ, collecting video and stills images of the predicted sediment and habitats present. A mini Hamon grab (0.1m2) survey of 50 target stations within the EHGF rMCZ to collect sediment and associated infauna. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Farnes East: Benthic Sampling and Video Survey FRNE_cend0412: Southern North Sea (09/03/2012 to 13/03/2012)
Benthic survey carried out at the Farnes East recommended Marine Conservation Zone (rMCZ) by the RV Cefas Endeavour in March 2012 as part of a series of co-ordinated surveys of multiple sites designed to increase the evidence-base informing policy decisions on the designation of Marine Conservation Zones (MCZs) within the United Kingdom (UK) Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). Ground truthing survey to collect seabed sediment samples using a mini 0.1m2 Hamon grab and camera sledge survey. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Farnes East: Benthic sampling and Video Survey FRNE_cend0514: Southern North Sea (13/03/2014 to 31/03/2014)
Drop camera survey collecting seabed images and sediment samples from three specified locations from within the East Farnes recomended Marine Conservation Zone (rMCZ) to client's specfications, namely Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC), specifically to verify the presence of circalittoral rock and peat. Sampling equipment: Drop Camera; Hamon Grab. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Farnes East: Benthic Sampling Survey FRNE_cend1111: Southern North Sea (07/07/2011 to 07/07/2011)
Opportunist sampling - details unknown. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Farnes East: Multibeam survey FRNE_26_2012: Southern North Sea (01/03/2012 to 20/03/2012)
EGS (International) Ltd was contracted to carry out an acoustic bathymetric survey of Lot 26 (Farnes East) during February and March 2012. The survey was conducted to acquire seabed data in order to later assess the suitability of the survey area as a Marine Conservation Zone. Full coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, namely International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Positioning System (D-GPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD). Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Folkestone Pomerania: Benthic Sampling and Photo/Video Survey FKPM_cend0812: Eastern Channel (01/06/2012 to 03/06/2012)
Hamon grab, camera sledge and drop camera deployments were carried out on a pr-defined sample grid. Sampling areas were defined using 100% MB coverage of the site. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Folkestone Pomerania: Benthic Sampling and Photo/Video Survey FKPM_CEND1314: Eastern Channel (19/06/2014 to 25/06/2014)
To acquire high quality biological data of suitable resolution to characterise and work towards a baseline for future monitoring of the sediment rock broadscale habitats and Habitat Features of Conservation interest (FOCI) found inside the MCZ and adjacent un-designated areas of the MCZ. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Folkestone Pomerania: Multibeam Survey FKPM_itt: Eastern Channel (25/02/2012 to 27/02/2012)
Full coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, namely International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Positioning System (D-GPS), depths corrected to Vertical Offshore Reference Frame (VORF), crosslines run at 20 times spacing of main lines. Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Fulmar: Multibeam survey flmr_28_2012: Northern North Sea (21/03/2012 to 28/03/2012)
Full coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, namely International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Positioning System (D-GPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD). Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Fulmar: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Video survey flmr_cend0812: Northern North Sea (06/05/2012 to 10/05/2012)
Multibeam data acquired on transit between GT stations collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Positioning System (D-GPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD), crosslines run at 20 times spacing of main lines. Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. Groundtruthing survey collecting Hamon grab samples (for infaunal analysis and PSA) and video and still image data. WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Positioning System (D-GPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD). Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas). These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Goodwin Sands: Benthic Sampling and Video survey GWSD_2GDK71014: Eastern Channel (22/09/2014 to 02/10/2014)
Goodwin Sands recommended Marine Conservation Zone 2014 habitat verification survey. Sampling equipment: Drop camera and 0.1 m2 Mini-Hamon grab. Drop Camera survey collecting video and still images of the seabed habitats within the Goodwin Sands rMCZ. Hamon Grab survey within the Goodwin Sands rMCZ. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Goodwin Sands: Benthic Sampling and Video survey GWSD_CEND0114 (16/Jan/2014 to 26/Jan/2014)
Underwater video and camera stills and grabs acquired via Hamon Grab gathered onboard Cefas Endeavour in January 2014. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Goodwin Sands: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Video survey GWSD_CEND0614: Eastern Channel (12/04/2014 to 08/05/2014)
Full coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Positioning System (D-GPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD). Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. Underwater video and camera stills gathered onboard Cefas Endeavour in May 2014. PSA and Fauna grabs acquired via Hamon Grab onboard the Cefas Endeavour in May 2014. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Greater Haig Fras: Multibeam Survey GHGF_PBNX022014: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (11/02/2014 to 28/03/2014)
Partial coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, namely International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Navigation Satellite System (DGNSS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD), full seafloor coverage not achieved, due to poor weather conditions. Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Greater Haig Fras: Multibeam, Sidescan Sonar, Benthic Sampling and Photo/Video Survey ghgf_cend1012: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (05/07/2012 - 11/07/2012)
A seabed survey for the purpose of habitat identification and mapping at the Greater Haig Fras recommended Marine Conservation Zone (rMCZ) site, west of Cornwall, UK. Comprising acoustic corridors overlying a 5 km triangular grid of ground-truth sampling stations. Three nested full coverage areas in the west, centre and east of the site. Acoustic survey by multibeam (bathymetry and backscatter) and sidescan sonar (part coverage only). Ground-truth sampling by grabs and underwater cameras (video & stills images). Broadscale habitat (BSH) and habitat FOCI (Features of Conservation Interest) recorded at time of sampling and included in cruise/survey report. More in-depth interpretation to be made in a Post-Survey Site Report, following integrated assessment of acoustics and outputs from laboratory analysis of benthic samples. Central, full coverage area targeted to provide data sets against which the capabilities of AutoSub (an AUV owned by National Oceanogrephic Centre (NOC), Southampton, UK) could be tested. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Chesil Beach and Stennis Ledges: Benthic Sampling and Video survey CBSL_stgn0213: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (23/04/2013 to 12/07/2013)
This Survey records the sampling undertaken by the EA within the Chesil Beach and Stennis Ledges MCZ, to allow adequate verification and characterisation of the surface sediment and benthic communities within the site. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Kentish Knock East Multibeam: Benthic Sampling and Photo/Video Survey KNKE_CEND0114: Southern North Sea (04/01/2014 to 27/01/2014)
Multibeam (bathymetry and backscatter), underwater video and camera stills and SA and Fauna grabs acquired via Hamon Grab gathered onboard Cefas Endeavour in January 2014. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Lands End (The Runnel Stone): Benthic Sampling and Video survey LNDE_2FGL5032014: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (13/03/2014 to 13/03/2014)
Mini-Hamon Grab survey within the Land's End rMCZ. The grabbing followed on from the camera survey conducted by the EA in 2012. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Markham's Triangle: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Video survey mrtr_cend0812: Northern North Sea (30/04/2012 to 05/05/2012)
Groundtruthing survey collecting Hamon grab samples (for infaunal analysis and PSA) and video and still image data. Multibeam bathymetry and backscatter data. WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Positioning System (D-GPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD). Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas). These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Mid St Georges Channel: Multibeam survey msgc_2_2012: Irish Sea (17/03/2012 to 30/03/2012)
Full coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, namely International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by RTG Global Positioning System (RTG-GPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD), crosslines run at 20 times spacing of main lines. Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Mid St Georges Channel: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Video survey msgc_cend0513: Irish Sea (01/05/2013 to 06/05/2013)
Survey work began at the Mid St George’s Channel rMCZ. Hamon grab and Drop Camera survey. To increase the number of ‘regular’ stills collected from this site, short (2 minute) DC deployments were carried out more frequently and in addition to the planned standard (10 minute) DC deployments. In areas of the site where less than 100% multibeam data coverage existed additional Multibeam bathymetry and backscatter data were collected during transits between ground-truthing stations. On completion of the ground-truthing survey two additional blocks of Multibeam bathymetry and backscatter data were surveyed. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Mounts Bay: Benthic Sampling and Video survey MNTB_wgdn0212: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (15/03/2012 to 21/03/2012)
Groundtruth survey collecting sediment samples (using Day grab) for infaunal anaysis and PSA and video and still image samples (using drop camera). These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Mud Hole: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Video survey mdhl_afbini (17/Feb/2012 to 29/Feb/2012)
Multibeam (bathymetry and backscatter), underwater video and camera stills and grabs acquired via Day Grab gathered onboard Corystes in February 2012. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Newquay and the Gannel: Benthic Sampling and Video survey nwqg_sngn0213: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (16/02/2013 to 03/04/2013)
Newquay and the Gannel recommended Marine Conservation Zone 2013 habitat verification survey. Sampling equipment: Drop camera and 0.1 m2 Mini-Hamon grab. Drop Camera survey collecting video and still images of the seabed habitats within the Newquay and the Gannel rMCZ. Hamon Grab survey within the Newquay and the Gannel rMCZ. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: North Celtic Deep: Multibeam Survey NCLD_1_2013: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (01/02/2013 to 27/02/2013)
Full coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, namely International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Navigation Satellite System (DGNSS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD), crosslines run at c.20 times spacing of main lines. Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: North Celtic Deep: Multibeam Survey NCLD_3_2012: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (01/03/2012 to 01/04/2012)
MBES (MultiBeamEchoSounder) bathymetry and backscatter data obtained using a Simrad EM710. Processed using Caris HIPS and SIPS 7.1 to produce a digital terrain model (dtm) of the bathymetric surface. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: North Celtic Deep: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Photo/Video Survey NCLD_cend0312: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (01/03/2012 to 01/04/2012)
The North of Celtic Deep rMCZ survey was carried out during 7th – 9th February 2012 on the RV CEFAS Endeavour cruise CEND 03/12. Multibeam bathymetry and backscatter data were collected in between sampling stations. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: North St Georges Channel: Multibeam and Sidescan Sonar survey nsgc_1_2012: Irish Sea (24/02/2012 to 31/03/2012)
Full coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, namely International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by RTG Global Positioning System (RTG-GPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD), cross lines run at 20 times spacing of main lines. High and low frequency side scan sonar data collected in 2 locations (SCC1 & SCC2) Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: North St Georges Channel: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Video survey nsgc_cend0312: Irish Sea (03/02/2012 to 06/02/2012)
A seabed survey for the purpose of habitat identification and mapping at the North St George's Channel recommended Marine Conservation Zone (rMCZ) site. Ground-truth sampling by grabs and underwater cameras (video & stills images). Multibeam bathymetry and backscatter collected opportunistically on transit between stations. Broadscale habitat (BSH) and habitat FOCI (Features of Conservation Interest) recorded at time of sampling and included in cruise/survey report. More in-depth interpretation to be made in a Post-Survey Site Report, following integrated assessment of acoustics and outputs from laboratory analysis of benthic samples. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: North St Georges Channel: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Video survey nsgc_cend0513: Irish Sea (07/04/2013 to 29/04/2013)
Details unknown. (Grab sampling, bathymetry and backscatter). These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: North West Jones Bank: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Video survey NWJB_6_2012: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (27/02/2012 to 31/03/2012)
Gardline Geosurvey Limited was contracted by Cefas to survey for the recommended Marine Conservation Zone (rMCZ), Lot 6, North West Jones Bank. Survey work was conducted in March 2012. The object was to identify any hazards or obstructions on the seabed to within International Hydrographic Organisation (IHO) Order 1 specification and to acquire both multi-beam echo sounder (MBES) bathymetric and backscatter data. Environmental sediment samples and camera data were acquired to provide ground truthing of the broadscale habitat features expected within the survey area and to investigate any potential features of conservation interest (FOCI) that may be present. The data acquisition programme for Lot 6 - South West Jones Bank was carried out on MV Tridens1, which sailed from and demobilised in Lowestoft upon completion of survey operations. In order to meet the objective of the survey 825 Line km of MBES data were acquired. Following processing of the data, infill lines were acquired as required to ensure that the IHO Order 1 requirements were met. It is the opinion of Gardline that the data fully cover the survey area to the IHO Order 1 standard in terms of both data accuracy and data density, both of which were confirmed during offshore data processing. There was some breakup of the backscatter data due to the marginal weather that the survey was conducted in at times, but it was agreed that the data were fit for purpose and met the requirements of CEFAS and so acquisition continued. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: North West Jones Bank: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Video survey NWJB_CEND1012: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (11/07/2012 to 12/07/2012)
A seabed survey for the purpose of habitat identification and mapping at the North West of Jones Bank recommended Marine Conservation Zone (rMCZ) site, west of Cornwall, UK. A supplement to the main survey of the site conducted by Gardline in March 2012. The presnt survey, by cefas & the JNCC (July 2012) targeted some of the original ground-truth stations that had not previously been occupied and several additional stations. Ground-truth sampling by grabs and underwater cameras (video & stills images). Multibeam bathymetry and backscatter collected opportunistically on transit between stations. Broadscale habitat (BSH) and habitat FOCI (Features of Conservation Interest) recorded at time of sampling and included in cruise/survey report. More in-depth interpretation to be made in a Post-Survey Site Report, following integrated assessment of acoustics and outputs from laboratory analysis of benthic samples. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Offshore Brighton: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Video survey OBRG_cend0812: Eastern Channel (06/06/2012 to 10/06/2012)
A seabed survey for the purpose of habitat identification and mapping at the Offshore Brighton recommended Marine Conservation Zone (rMCZ) site. Ground-truth sampling by grabs and underwater cameras (video & stills images). Multibeam bathymetry and backscatter collected opportunistically on transit between stations. Broadscale habitat (BSH) and habitat FOCI (Features of Conservation Interest) recorded at time of sampling and included in cruise/survey report. More in-depth interpretation to be made in a Post-Survey Site Report, following integrated assessment of acoustics and outputs from laboratory analysis of benthic samples. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Offshore Foreland: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Photo/Video Survey OFRL_cend0614: Eastern Channel (12/04/2014 to 01/05/2014)
Tidally corrected and cleaned MBES bathymetry and backscatter data for Offshore Foreland rMCZ. Underwater video and camera stills gathered onboard Cefas Endeavour in April 2014. PSA and Fauna grabs acquired via Hamon Grab onboard Cefas Endeavour in April 2014. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Orford Inshore: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Video survey ORIN_20_2012: Southern North Sea (28/02/2012 to 12/03/2012)
Full coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, namely International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Positioning System (D-GPS), depths corrected to Vertical Offshore Reference Frame (VORF), crosslines run at 20 times spacing of main lines. Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. Drop down video, static images, mini Hamon grab data and navigation data relating to the benthic survey conducted at Orford Inshore MCZ by the RV Discovery in March 2012. Positions given in Lat/ Long WGS84. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Padstow Bay and Surrounds: Benthic Sampling and Video survey PBSR_sngn0113: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (13/02/2013 to 03/04/2013)
This Survey records the sampling undertaken by the EA within the inshore area (within 20 metre depth contour) of the Padstow Bay and Surrounds MCZ, to allow adequate verification and characterisation of the surface sediment and benthic communities within the site. The Briggs Marine coastal survey vessels ‘Severn Guardian’ and ‘Solent Guardian’ were used to carry out the survey work. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Poole Rocks: Benthic Sampling and Video survey plrc_stgn0113: Eastern Channel (08/07/2013 to 13/07/2013)
Poole Rocks recommended Marine Conservation Zone 2013 habitat verification survey. Sampling equipment: Drop camera and 0.1 m2 Mini-Hamon grab. Drop Camera survey collecting video and still images of the seabed habitats within the Poole Rocks rMCZ. Hamon Grab survey within the Poole Rocks rMCZ. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Runswick Bay: Benthic Sampling and Video Survey rsnb_2enc30414: Northern North Sea (15/09/2013 to 13/05/2014)
Runswick Bay recommended Marine Conservation Zone 2013/14 habitat verification survey. Drop Camera survey collecting video and still images of the seabed habitats within the Runswick Bay rMCZ. Hamon Grab survey within the Runswick Bay rMCZ. Sampling equipment: Drop camera and 0.1 m2 Mini-Hamon grab. http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-6230. Net Gain, 2011. The North Sea Marine Conservation Zones Project Final Recommendations submission to Natural England and JNCC. Version 1.1. 880 pp. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Runswick Bay: Multibeam Survey rnsb_7_2013: Northern North Sea (09/02/2013 to 19/02/2013)
Multibeam survey of Runswick Bay rMCZ. This survey was conducted to acquire seabed data in order to later assess the suitability of the survey area as a Marine Conservation Zone. Full coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, namely International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by using a POS/MV which combines GPS and Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD), crosslines run at 20 times spacing of main lines. Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Silver Pit: Multibeam Survey SLVP_Lot#7_2014: Southern North Sea (10/02/2014 to 14/03/2014)
Full coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, namely International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Positioning System (D-GPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD), crosslines run at 20 times spacing of main lines. Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Skerries Bank and Surrounds: Benthic Sampling and Video survey SKBS_2FGLS0314: (22/01/2014 to 26/03/2014)
Underwater video and camera stills and grabs acquired via Hamon Grab gathered March to January 2014. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Skerries Bank and Surrounds: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Video survey SKBS_CEND0114: Western English Channel (22/01/2014 to 26/01/2014)
Multibeam (bathymetry and backscatter), underwater video and camera stills and grabs acquired via Hamon Grab gathered onboard Cefas Endeavour in January 2014. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Slieve Na Griddle: Multibeam survey SNGR_afbi: Irish Sea (09/02/2012 to 21/02/2012)
Multibeam bathymetry and backscatter data. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: South Celtic Deep: Multibeam Survey scld_5_2013: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (27/02/2013 to 20/03/2013)
Full coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, namely International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Navigation Satellite System (DGNSS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD), crosslines run at c.20 times spacing of main lines. Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: South Celtic Deep: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Photo/Video Survey scld_cend0312: Irish Sea (12/02/2012 to 20/02/2012)
A seabed survey for the purpose of habitat identification and mapping at the South of Celtic Deep recommended Marine Conservation Zone (rMCZ) site. Ground-truth sampling by grabs and underwater cameras (video & stills images). Multibeam bathymetry and backscatter collected opportunistically on transit between stations. Broadscale habitat (BSH) and habitat FOCI (Features of Conservation Interest) recorded at time of sampling and included in cruise/survey report. More in-depth interpretation to be made in a Post-Survey Site Report, following integrated assessment of acoustics and outputs from laboratory analysis of benthic samples. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: South Dorset: Benthic Sampling and Photo/Video Survey SDOR_cend0113y: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (26/01/2013 to 27/01/2013)
Ground truthing survey to collect seabed sediment samples using a mini 0.1m2 Hamon grab and seabed imagery using a drop camera frame. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: South Dorset: Benthic Sampling and Photo/Video Survey SDOR_cend0513: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (19/04/2013 to 22/04/2013)
Ground truthing survey to collect seabed sediment samples using a mini 0.1m2 Hamon grab and seabed imagery using a drop camera frame. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: South Dorset: Multibeam Survey SDOR_itt: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (19/02/2013 to 19/03/2013)
Full coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, namely International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD). Main survey lines run at 125m spacing with crosslines every 7km. Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: South West Deeps (West): Multibeam survey SWDW_itt: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (10/02/2013 to 25/03/2013)
Partial coverage multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, namely International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Navigation Satellite System (DGNSS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD), full seafloor coverage not achieved due to curtailment of project. Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: South West Deeps (West): Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Video survey SWDW_CEND0613: (08/05/2013 to 28/05/2013)
Ground truthing (GT) survey to provide data which would be used in conjunction with the existing multibeam echosounder (MBES) acoustic data (bathymetry and backscatter) to determine the presence and extent of broad scale habitats (BSH) and Habitat FOCI present within the SWDW rMCZ. A. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Swallow Sand: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Video survey SWSD_CEND0514: Southern North Sea (16/03/2014 to 18/03/2014)
Sediment and infaunal community survey of a feature known as 'Swallows Hole', within the Swallow Sand MCZ. MBES (bathymetry and backscatter) data were collected during transits between target stations ensuring coverage across the 'Swallows Hole' area. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Swallow Sand: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Video survey swsd_cend0812: Southern North Sea (16/05/2012 to 22/05/2012)
Survey at the Swallow Sand rMCZ, occupying stations on the pre-planned survey grid. A total of 104 stations were sampled, 103 by Hamon and 38 by camera sledge. On completion of the sampling grid an additional multibeam (bathymetry and backscatter) survey was undertaken in the western region of the rMCZ to target areas of coarse sediments identified to be present by the ground-truthing survey and the opportunistic multibeam survey. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: The Manacles: Benthic sampling and video survey MNCL_2FGL50915: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (02/09/2015 to 07/09/2015)
The Manacles Marine Conservation Zone 2015 baseline survey. Sampling equipment: Drop camera and 0.1 m2 Mini-Hamon grab.Drop Camera survey collecting video and still images of the seabed habitats within The Manacles MCZ. Hamon Grab survey within The Manacles MCZ. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC.The full site data package (excluding raw bathymetry) is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: The Manacles: Benthic Sampling and Video survey MNCL_WGDN0312: Lizard Peninsula (18/03/2012 to 20/03/2012)
Hamon Grab survey and Drop Camera survey collecting video and still images of the seabed habitats within the Manacles recommended Marine Conservation Zone. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package (excluding raw bathymetry) is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: The Needles: Benthic Sampling and Video survey NDLS_2GDK0914: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (09/09/2014 to 16/09/2014)
Drop Camera survey collecting video and still images of the seabed habitats within the Needles rMCZ. Hamon Grab survey within the the Needles rMCZ. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Western Channel: Multibeam, Benthic Sampling and Video survey wchn_cend0312: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (20/02/2012 to 25/02/2012)
Multibeam survey to infill gap in CHP data collecting bathymetry and backscatter to International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by Differential Global Positioning System (D-GPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD), Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. Groundtruth survey collecting sediment samples (using Hamon grab) for infaunal anaysis and PSA and video and still image samples (using combination of camera sledge and drop camera). These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Whitsand and Looe Bay: Benthic Sampling and Video survey STGN0313-WLOB: Eastern Channel (24/09/2013 to 07/12/2013)
Whitsand and Looe Bay recommended Marine Conservation Zone 2013 habitat verification survey. Sampling equipment: Drop camera and 0.1 m2 Mini-Hamon grab. Drop Camera survey collecting video and still images of the seabed habitats within the Whitsand and Looe Bay rMCZ. Hamon Grab survey within the Whitsand and Looe Bay rMCZ. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) MCZ: Whitsand and Looe Bay: Multibeam survey wlob_2_2013: Western Channel & Celtic Sea (15/02/2013 to 25/03/2013)
Multibeam survey collecting bathymetry and backscatter to client specifications, namely International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Order 1a standard, WGS84 latitude and longitude co-ordinates collected by RTK Global Positioning System (RTK-GPS), depths corrected to Chart Datum (CD), Raw and processed data delivered to Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, UK (Cefas) complete with georeferenced mosaics and GeoTiffs images. These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) South Dorset: Benthic Sampling Survey SDOR_cend11c11: (04/07/2011 to 04/07/2011)
Opportunist sampling - details unknown (non-MCZ). These data are archived with the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the British Geological Survey (BGS) DAC for geology and geophysics, The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH) and the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) bathymetry DAC. The full site data package including raw is also available on request from BGS.

Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2006/1_SEA8: Strategic Environmental Assessment Area 8: Inner Bristol Channel (29/Mar/2006 to 21/Apr/2006)
This geophysical and multibeam survey took place in March/April 2006 in the Bristol Channel on board the MV Confidante. It was carried out by Gardline under contract to British Geological Survey (BGS) and Geotek Ltd. It was co-funded by UK Department of Trade and Industry for their Strategic Environmental Assessment Programme (SEA8) and NERC/BGS for their marine mapping programme. The objective was to collect data for investigations of sediment mobility and for monitoring sea bed morphology and sea bed sediment texture. Seafloor bathymetry data were collected using an EM3000 multibeam system and Edgetech 4200FS sidescan sonar. Sub-bottom seismic profiling data were collected using a surface tow boomer. These data were recorded digitally and are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in Gardline Report 6749, the BGS cruise report and preliminary geological interpretation are contained in BGS Report CR/06/085. See the Offshore GeoIndex SEA layers and the SEA Portal https://www.bgs.ac.uk/data/sea/app/search.

Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 2002/KJ/2: SEA4: Faeroe-Shetland Channel: (01/Jul/2002 to 22/Aug/2002)
This sampling and geophysical survey has been carried out by, contractors for Department of Trade and industry Strategic Environmental Assessment project (SEA4), the survey took place from July to August 2002 in the Faeroe-Shetland Channel on board the RV Kommandor Jack. The purpose was to collect data as part of an Environmental Assessment project. Sea floor data were collected using EM120 multibeam and backscatter data. Sample data were collected using Megacorer, box corer, gravity corer and Day grab. These data were recorded digitally and are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in SEAS reports, see the Offshore GeoIndex SEA layers and the SEA Portal https://www.bgs.ac.uk/data/sea/app/search.

Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) Sampling Survey 1977_Zephyr: English Channel (July - October 1977)
This sampling (drilling) survey has been carried out by, contractors for Department of Energy, the survey took place from July to October 1977 in the SW Approaches and western English Channel on board the semisubmersible drilling rig Zephyr I. The purpose was to drill four stratigraphical test boreholes, Institute of Geological Sciences (IGS) now British Geological Survey (BGS) staff carried out well-site geologist duties. Borehole data were collected using drilling techniques. These data are archived by BGS. Details of the survey are contained in IGS Annual Report 1974.

Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) Sampling Survey 2000_CD123: Wyville-Thomson, Ymir Ridge, Faeroe Bank Channel, Tranches 65-67, Faroe-Shetland Channel, Fladen Ground (19/Jul/2000 to 14/Sep/2000)
This DTI commissioned marine sampling survey took place as 2 legs in July/August/September 2000 in the area north and west of Shetland and Fladen Ground in the North Sea on board th RRS Charles Darwin. The primary purpose being to establish a regional description of the current state of the seabed in the White Zone. The project was led by Southampton Oceanographic Centre, sub-contracted by Geotek Ltd on behalf of the Department of Trade and Industry. This cruise was part of a continuing programme of environmental monitoring in these areas carried out as part of the Atlantic Frontier Environmental Network (AFEN) project. The primary sampling tool was a Bowers and Connelly Megacorer but a USNEL-type Boxcorer, Day Grab and 3m gravity corer were also used. A British Geological Survey geologist was onboard to undertake geological descriptions, the data from which is archived at BGS. For any other data from this survey contact National Oceanography Centre. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Reports IR/01/135 and IR/01/079, Commissioned Report CR/01/43 and NOC Cruise Report No. 20 ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/148424/).

Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) Sampling Survey 2001/KJ/1: SEA2 survey North Sea (05/05/2001 to 21/05/2001)
This sampling survey has been co-ordinated by, Hartley Anderson Ltd for Department of Trade and industry Strategic Environmental Assessment project (SEA2) the survey took place in May 2001 in the North Sea, Dogger Bank on board the RV Kommandor Jack. The purpose was to collect data as part of Strategic Environmental Assessment project (SEA2). Sample data were collected using Corer and grab sampling equipment. These data were recorded are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in “SEA2 North Sea SEA Survey Leg-2 Cruise Report, (Kommandor Jack)” see the Offshore GeoIndex SEA layers and the SEA Portal https://www.bgs.ac.uk/data/sea/app/search.

Depth and Structure of Base of Upper Marine Molasse
GeoMol Pilot Area Upper Austria - Upper Bavaria: Contour map of the base of the Upper Marine Molasse (m AMSL) and position of major faults and fault zones at the base of the Upper Marine Molasse. Map derived from the 3D geological model as prepared in the GeoMol Project. Details in the project report http://www.geomol.eu/report/

Depth and Structure of Top of Paleozoic
GeoMol Pilot Area Upper Austria - Upper Bavaria: Contour map of the top of Paleozoic (m AMSL) and position of major faults and fault zones at the top of Paleozoic. Map derived from the 3D geological model as prepared in the GeoMol Project. Details in the Project Report http://www.geomol.eu/report/

Depth and Structure of Top of Upper Jurassic
GeoMol Pilot Area Upper Austria - Upper Bavaria: Contour map of the top of Upper Jurassic (m AMSL) and position of major faults and fault zones at the top of the Upper Jurassic. Map derived from the 3D geological model as prepared in the GeoMol Project. Details in the Project Report http://www.geomol.eu/report/

Depth of 100 °C Isotherm
GeoMol Pilot Area Upper Austria - Upper Bavaria: Map of the depth (m below ground level) for the 100 °C isotherm and position of major faults and fault zones at this level as well as data nodes for temperture interpolation. Map derived from the 3D geological model and temperature model as prepared in the GeoMol Project. Details in the Project Report http://www.geomol.eu/report/

Depth of a geological boundary
The depth of a geological boundary below ground level.

Depth of aquifer
The depth to the top surface of an aquifer from the ground surface.

Depth to water table (D)
DRASTIC parameter D

Description of peatland sites included in the compilation of carbon accumulation rates (NERC grant NE/I012915/1)
Description of peatland sites included in the compilation of carbon accumulation rates, including resolution (high, low), interpolation (yes/no), contributor name, country, lon, lat, peatland type, dominant plant type, no. of dates used in the last millenium carbon accumulation rate calculation, and problems with the data. Peatland sites at northern hemisphere high and mid latitudes (260), tropical (30) and southern hemisphere high latitudes (7 sites).

Descriptions of boreholes in the Dutch marine and inshore tidal waters
Overview of all boreholes in the Dutch part of the North Sea and Wadden Sea, and in the Scheldt estuary. For each borehole, measurements and descriptions of each described interval are provided through an information link. This information concerns main lithology; gravel, sand, silt and clay admixture; main and secondary colour; sediment consistency; gravel and sand median class; and gravel, sand, silt, lutum, mud, shell and organic-matter percentage.

Detailed nannofossil count data from Early Miocene sapropels IODP site U1466 and U1468 (NERC grant NE/N014049/1)
Count data (original counts and percentage abundances) from nannofossil assemblage analysis of Early Miocene samples. These form the prime data for a paper submitted to Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (Young et al. submitted, 2019).

Detections of tremor at a set of template locations, Vancouver Island, Canada, over the course of four slow slip events in 2004, 2008, 2009, and 2010 (NERC Grant NE/P012507/1)
Detections of tremor at a set of template locations over the course of four slow slip events in 2004, 2008, 2009, and 2010. As well as identified bursts of tremor within these windows. The dataset consists of: Detected spikes in the tremor time series Each file contains a list of identified spikes in the inter-component coherence time series. LFE (Low frequency earthquakes) locations The locations of LFEs identified by Bostock, M. G., Royer, A. A., Hearn, E. H., and Peacock, S. M. (2012), Low frequency earthquakes below southern Vancouver Island, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 13, Q11007, doi:10.1029/2012GC004391. Cp values through time 12 files containing time series of inter-component and/or inter-station coherence at a range of LFE locations Further descriptions are available in the README and in the preprint hosted on EarthArxiv: Gombert and Hawthorne, Rapid tremor migration during few minute-long slow earthquakes in Cascadia, 2022, doi: 10.31223/X56623.

Detrital zircon U-Pb ages from the Taklamakan Desert, the Yellow River, and the Chinese Loess Plateau. (NERC grant NE/I009248/1)
The dataset contains detrital zircon U-Pb ages from a large scale detrital provenance study of modern and recent sand and silt from the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) and its proposed sources in the Yellow River, its Tibetan headwaters, and the Taklamakan Desert, which lies upwind from the CLP. (NERC grant NE/I009248/1)

DGEROLLOUT Dinantian thickness
The Top Dinantian thickness (in m) of the DGE-ROLLOUT project

DGEROLLOUT Top depth of the geological layers in the Upper Rhine Graben
DGEROLLOUT Top depth of the geological layers in the Upper Rhine Graben,Niederroedern, Froidefontaine, Pechelbronn, Base Tertiary, Rotliegend

DGEROLLOUT Top Dinantian
The Top Dinantian map (in m) of the DGE-ROLLOUT project

DGEROLLOUT Uncertainties depth Dinantian aquifer
Uncertainties related to the depth mapping of the Dinantian aquifer the DGE-ROLLOUT project

Diatom Silica Oxygen Isotope Records from the Late Quaternary Antarctic Margin (NERC lead grant NE/G004811/1, child grant NE/G00413)
Antarctica and its ice sheets have played, and continue to play, a major role in the global ocean-atmosphere system, hence, it is critical that we have a sound understanding of the past behaviour of Antarctica and it's ice sheets with a view to understanding their potential future variability under a warming climate. The Southern Ocean is a key component of the thermohaline circulation of the world's oceans and the re-distribution of heat and salt around the oceans is integral to processes that regulate rapid climate transitions. Computer modelling results have shown that sufficient melt water input to the Antarctic continental shelf area is capable of shutting down the formation of cold, salty deep water in Antarctica hence upsetting the balance of the thermohaline circulation and the ocean-climate system of the Northern Hemisphere. In order to further investigate these processes that originate in Antarctica, it is necessary to understand the transfer mechanisms of ocean-climate signals from the Antarctic ice sheets, across the continental margin seas, into the Southern Ocean. Exceptionally well-preserved Antarctic margin sediment cores, recovered during the last decade, contain an excellent archive of these ice-ocean-climate interactions, often on seasonal timescales, from the end of the last ice age and throughout the recent warm interglacial (the Holocene). The cores are seasonally layered through the deglaication, intermittently layered through the Holocene, and the layers are dominated by fossil planktonic diatoms (algae); individual species of which are sensitive to sea surface conditions including sea ice concentration, fresh water influx, and open ocean influence upon the margin. Following the last ice age, these Holocene Antarctic sediments record climate fluctuations of tens to thousands of years long and whatever environmental forcing mechanism is responsible for these fluctuations, the changes are likely to be felt in the Antarctic coastal regions first, and the cores proposed for this research are located in prime positions to record these changes. Diatom oxygen isotope measurements represent an under-utilised technique that provides a means of obtaining oxygen isotope records in high latitude environments. The measurement of oxygen isotopes in diatoms is a widely used proxy in the study of the history of lakes, however, to date there have been many fewer attempts to use records of diatom oxygen isotopes in the oceans. Studies that have taken place have demonstrated the sensitivity of diatom oxyegn isotope measurements in polar and sub-polar waters to changes in surface ocean environmental parameters such as salinity, freshwater input and sea surface temperature. The research proposed here will be the first attempt to produce diatom oxygen isotope records from the Antarctic margin, a region sensitive to the waxing and waning of the Antarctic ice sheets in terms of melt water through-put to the Southern Ocean. We propose to investigate the evolution of seasonality along the Antarctic margin since the last ice age, and also the processes involved in producing the sediment record, by relating diatom oxygen isotope measurements on season-specific diatom taxa (i.e. diatom species that thrived particularly in spring or autumn) to relative freshwater influx to the coast, from either melted terrestrial ice or sea ice. We also hope to show that the diatom oxygen isotope measurements will be low at the end of the last ice age, as a large quantity of old ice sheets were melting, and will be higher during warmer time periods of the Holocene when ice sheets were at a minimum.

Diffuse CO2 degassing data from three campaigns across the Main Ethiopian Rift (NERC grant NE/L013932/1)
Diffuse CO2 degassing data from three campaigns across the Main Ethiopian Rift. Data are referenced in Hunt et al., 2017: Spatially variable CO2 degassing in the Main Ethiopian Rift: Implications for magma storage, volatile transport and rift-related emissions; https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GC006975.

Diffusion of water in silicate melts (NERC grant NE/N002954/1)
Water concentration as a function of position in silicates from diffusion couple experiments. Data can be used to determine diffusivity of water in the silicate melt. Also numerical model for analysis of dataset and associated user guide.

Digital Geological Map Data of Great Britain - 25k (DiGMapGB-25) Artificial version 2
Data identifies landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with type of artificial or man-made ground. It indicates areas where the ground surface has been significantly modified by human activity. Limited coverage within Great Britain, data exists for 167 10x10km tiles. Most primary geological mapping was carried out at 1:10 000 scale but in some areas of Wales and Scotland mapping at 1:25 000 was adopted as the norm including areas with complex geology or in some areas of classic geology. Types of artificial ground include: Disturbed ground areas of ill-defined shallow or near surface mineral workings where distinction cannot be made between made and worked ground. Infilled ground areas where original geology has been removed and then wholly or partially back filled includes waste or landfill sites. Made ground man made features including embankments and spoil heaps. Worked ground areas where ground has been removed including quarries and road cuttings. Whilst artificial ground may not be considered as part of the 'real geology' of bedrock and superficial deposits it does affect them. Artificial ground impacts on the near surface ground conditions which are important to human activities and economic development. Due to the shifting nature of land use and re-use caution must be exercised when using this data as it represents a snapshot in time rather than an evolving picture hence the data may become dated very rapidly. The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence. Another batch of tiles was added to the data in 2012 to bring the total to 167 for this version 2 release.

Digital Geological Map Data of Great Britain - 25k (DiGMapGB-25) Bedrock version 2
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names. The scale of the data is 1:25 000 scale providing bedrock geology. Onshore coverage is partial and BGS has no intention to create a national coverage at this scale. Areas covered are essentially special areas of 'classic' geology and include Llandovery (central Wales), Coniston (Lake District) and Cuillan Hills (Isle of Skye). Bedrock geology describes the main mass of solid rocks forming the earth's crust. Bedrock is present everywhere, whether exposed at surface in outcrops or concealed beneath superficial deposits or water bodies. The bedrock geology of Great Britain is very diverse and includes three broad classes based on their mode of origin: igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary. The data includes attribution to identify each rock type (in varying levels of detail) as described in the BGS Rock Classification Scheme (volumes 1-3). The bedrock has formed over long periods of geological time, from the Archean eon some 7500 million years ago, to relatively young Pliocene, 58 million years ago. The age of the rocks is identified in the data through their BGS lexicon name (published for each deposit at the time of the original survey or subsequent digital data creation). For stratified rocks i.e. arranged in sequence, this will usually be of a lithostratigraphic type. Other rock types for example intrusive igneous bodies will be of a lithodemic type. More information on the formal naming of UK rocks is available in the BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units. The bedrock theme defines landscape areas (shown as polygons). The data are attributed with geological names and rock type descriptions. Geological names are based on the lithostratigraphic or lithodemic hierarchy. The lithostratigraphic scheme arranges rock bodies into units based on rock-type and geological time of formation. Where rock-types do not fit into the lithostratigraphic scheme, for example intrusive, deformed rocks subjected to heat and pressure resulting in new or changed rock types; then their classification is based on their rock-type or lithological composition. This assesses visible features such as texture, structure, mineralogy. The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence. Another batch of tiles was added to the data in 2012 to bring the total to 167 for this version 2 release.

Digital Geological Map Data of Great Britain - 25k (DiGMapGB-25) Linear version 2
Linear features (shown as polylines) represent six classes of geological structural features e.g. faults, folds or landforms e.g. buried channels, glacial drainage channels at the ground or bedrock surface (beneath superficial deposits). Limited coverage within Great Britain, data exists for 167 10x10km tiles. Most primary geological mapping was carried out at 1:10 000 scale but in some areas of Wales and Scotland mapping at 1:25 000 was adopted as the norm including areas with complex geology or in some areas of classic geology. Linear features are associated most closely with the bedrock theme either as an intrinsic part of it for example marine bands or affecting it in the case of faults. However landform elements are associated with both bedrock and superficial deposits. The linear features are organised into seven main categories: Alteration area, indicating a zone of change to the pre-existing rocks due to the application of heat and pressure that can occur round structural features such as faults and dykes. Fault, where a body of bedrock has been fractured and displaced by a large scale process affecting the earth's crust. Fold, where strata are bent or deformed resulting from changes or movement of the earth's surface creating heat and pressure to reshape and transform the original horizontal strata. Folds appear on all scales, in all rock types and from a variety of causes. Fossil horizons, where prolific fossil assemblages occur and can be used to help establish the order in which deposits were laid down (stratigraphy). These horizons allow correlation where sediments of the same age look completely different due to variations in depositional environment. Landforms, define the landscape by its surface form; these include glacial features such as drumlins, eskers and ice margins. Mineral vein, where concentrations of crystallised mineral occur within a rock, they are closely associated with faulting but may occur independently. Rock, identifies key (marker) beds, recognised as showing distinct physical characteristics or fossil content. Examples include coal seams, gypsum beds and marine bands. The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence. Another batch of tiles was added to the data in 2012 to bring the total to 167 for this version 2 release.

Digital Geological Map Data of Great Britain - 25k (DiGMapGB-25) Mass Movement version 2
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names. The scale of the data is 1:25 000 scale. Onshore coverage is partial and BGS has no intention to create a national coverage at this scale. Areas covered are essentially special areas of 'classic' geology and include Llandovery (central Wales), Coniston (Lake District) and Cuillan Hills (Isle of Skye). Mass movement describes areas where deposits have moved down slope under gravity to form landslips. These landslips can affect bedrock, superficial or artificial ground. Another batch of tiles was added to the data in 2012 to bring the total to 167 for this version 2 release. Mass movement deposits are described in the BGS Rock Classification Scheme Volume 4. However the data also includes foundered strata, where ground has collapsed due to subsidence (this is not described in the Rock Classification Scheme). Caution should be exercised with this data; whilst mass movement events are recorded in the data due to the dynamic nature of occurrence significant changes may have occurred since the data was released. The data should therefore be regarded as a snapshot in time (as at 2008). The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence. Another batch of tiles was added to the data in 2012 to bring the total to 167 for this version 2 release.

Digital Geological Map Data of Great Britain - 25k (DiGMapGB-25) Superficial version 2
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names and rock type descriptions. The scale of the data is 1:25 000 scale. Onshore coverage is partial and BGS has no intention to create a national coverage at this scale. Areas covered are essentially special areas of 'classic' geology and include Llandovery (central Wales), Coniston (Lake District) and Cuillan Hills (Isle of Skye). Superficial deposits are the youngest geological deposits formed during the most recent period of geological time, the Quaternary, which extends back about 2.58 million years from the present. They lie on top of older deposits or rocks referred to as bedrock. Superficial deposits were laid down by various natural processes such as action by ice, water, wind and weathering. As such, the deposits are denoted by their BGS lexicon name, which classifies them on the basis of mode of origin (lithogenesis) with names such as, 'glacial deposits', 'river terrace deposits' or 'blown sand'; or on the basis of their composition such as 'peat'. Most of these superficial deposits are unconsolidated sediments such as gravel, sand, silt and clay. The digital data includes attribution to identify each deposit type (in varying levels of detail) as described in the BGS Rock Classification Scheme (volume 4). The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

Digital Geological Map Data of Great Britain - 25k (DiGMapGB-25) version 2
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names. The scale of the data is 1:25 000 scale. Onshore coverage is partial and BGS has no intention to create a national coverage at this scale. Areas covered are essentially special areas of 'classic' geology and include Llandovery (central Wales), Coniston (Lake District) and Cuillan Hills (Isle of Skye). Data are supplied as five themes: bedrock, superficial deposits, mass movement, artificial ground and linear features. Bedrock geology describes the main mass of solid rocks forming the earth's crust. Bedrock is present everywhere, whether exposed at surface in outcrops or concealed beneath superficial deposits or water bodies. The bedrock theme defines landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names. Geological names are based on the lithostratigraphic or lithodemic hierarchy. The lithostratigraphic scheme arranges rock bodies into units based on rock-type and geological time of formation. Where rock-types do not fit into the lithostratigraphic scheme, for example intrusive, deformed rocks subjected to heat and pressure resulting in new or changed rock types; then their classification is based on their rock-type or lithological composition. This assesses visible features such as texture, structure, mineralogy. Superficial deposits are younger geological deposits formed during the most recent geological time; the Quaternary. These deposits rest on older rocks or deposits referred to as bedrock. The superficial deposits theme defines landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with a geological name and their deposit-type or lithological composition. Mass movement describes areas where deposits have moved down slope under gravity to form landslips. These landslips can affect bedrock, superficial or artificial ground. Mass movement deposits are described in the BGS Rock Classification Scheme Volume 4. However the data also includes foundered strata, where ground has collapsed due to subsidence (this is not described in the Rock Classification Scheme). Caution should be exercised with this data; whilst mass movement events are recorded in this layer, due to the dynamic nature of occurrence significant changes may have occurred since the data was released, as such it should be viewed as a snapshot in time (data should be regarded as at 2008). Artificial (man-made) theme (shown as polygons) indicates areas where the ground surface has been significantly modified by human activity. Whilst artificial ground may not be considered as part of the 'real geology' of bedrock and superficial deposits it does affect them. Artificial ground impacts on the near surface ground conditions which are important to human activities and economic development. Due to the constantly changing nature of land use and re-use/redevelopment, caution must be exercised when using this data as it represents a snapshot in time rather than an evolving picture hence the data may become dated very rapidly. Linear features (shown as polylines) represent geological structural features e.g. faults, folds or landforms e.g. buried channels, glacial drainage channels at the ground or bedrock surface (beneath superficial deposits). Linear features are associated most closely with the bedrock theme either as an intrinsic part of it for example marine bands or affecting it in the case of faults. However landform elements are associated with both bedrock and superficial deposits. All five data themes are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence. Another batch of tiles was added to the data in 2012 to bring the total to 167 for this version 2 release.

Digital Geological Map Data of Great Britain - 50k (DiGMapGB-50) Artificial version 7
Data identifies landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with type of artificial or man-made ground. It indicates areas where the ground surface has been significantly modified by human activity. Types of artificial ground include: Disturbed ground areas of ill-defined shallow or near surface mineral workings where distinction cannot be made between made and worked ground. Infilled ground areas where original geology has been removed and then wholly or partially back filled includes waste or landfill sites. Landscaped ground areas where surface has been reshaped includes former sand and gravel workings for recreation and amenity use. Made ground man made features including embankments and spoil heaps. Worked ground areas where ground has been removed including quarries and road cuttings. Whilst artificial ground may not be considered as part of the 'real geology' of bedrock and superficial deposits it does affect them. Artificial ground impacts on the near surface ground conditions which are important to human activities and economic development. Due to the shifting nature of land use and re-use caution must be exercised when using this data as it represents a snapshot in time rather than an evolving picture hence the data may become dated very rapidly. The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

Digital Geological Map Data of Great Britain - 50k (DiGMapGB-50) Bedrock version 7
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names and rock type descriptions. The scale of the data is 1:50 000 scale providing bedrock geology. Onshore coverage is provided for all of England, Wales, Scotland and the Isle of Man. Bedrock geology describes the main mass of solid rocks forming the earth's crust. Bedrock is present everywhere, whether exposed at surface in outcrops or concealed beneath superficial deposits or water bodies. The bedrock geology of Great Britain is very diverse and includes three broad classes based on their mode of origin: igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary. The data includes attribution to identify each rock type (in varying levels of detail) as described in the BGS Rock Classification Scheme (volumes 1-3 ). The bedrock has formed over long periods of geological time, from the Archean eon some 7500 million years ago, to the relatively young Pliocene, 58 million years ago. The age of the rocks is identified in the data through their BGS lexicon name (published for each deposit at the time of the original survey or subsequent digital data creation). For stratified rocks i.e. arranged in sequence, this will usually be of a lithostratigraphic type. Other rock types for example intrusive igneous bodies will be of a lithodemic type. More information on the formal naming of UK rocks is available in the BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units. Geological names are based on the lithostratigraphic or lithodemic hierarchy. The lithostratigraphic scheme arranges rock bodies into units based on rock-type and geological time of formation. Where rock-types do not fit into the lithostratigraphic scheme, for example intrusive, deformed rocks subjected to heat and pressure resulting in new or changed rock types; then their classification is based on their rock-type or lithological composition, using visible features such as texture, structure, mineralogy. The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

Digital Geological Map Data of Great Britain - 50k (DiGMapGB-50) Linear version 7
Linear features (shown as polylines) represent six classes of geological structural features e.g. faults, folds or landforms e.g. buried channels, glacial drainage channels at the ground or bedrock surface (beneath superficial deposits). Linear features are associated most closely with the bedrock theme either as an intrinsic part of it for example marine bands or affecting it in the case of faults. However landform elements are associated with both bedrock and superficial deposits. The linear features are organised into seven main categories: Alteration area indicating zones of change to the pre-existing rocks due to the application of heat and pressure that can occur round structural features such as faults and dykes. Fault where a body of bedrock has been fractured and displaced by a large scale process affecting the earth's crust. Fold where strata are bent or deformed resulting from changes or movement of the earth's surface creating heat and pressure to reshape and transform the original horizontal strata. Folds appear on all scales, in all rock types and from a variety of causes. Fossil horizons where prolific fossil assemblages occur and can be used to help establish the order in which deposits were laid down (stratigraphy). These horizons allow correlation where sediments of the same age look completely different due to variations in depositional environment. Mineral vein where concentrations of crystallised mineral occur within a rock, they are closely associated with faulting, but may occur independently. Landforms define the landscape by its surface form; these include glacial features such as drumlins, eskers and ice margins. Rock identifies key (marker) beds, recognised as showing distinct physical characteristics or fossil content. Examples include coal seams, gypsum beds and marine bands. The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

Digital Geological Map Data of Great Britain - 50k (DiGMapGB-50) Mass Movement version 7
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with type of mass movement e.g. landslip. The scale of the data is 1:50 000 scale. Onshore coverage is provided for all of England, Wales, Scotland and the Isle of Man. Mass movement describes areas where deposits have moved down slope under gravity to form landslips. These landslips can affect bedrock, superficial or artificial ground. Mass movement deposits are described in the BGS Rock Classification Scheme Volume 4. However the data also includes foundered strata, where ground has collapsed due to subsidence (this is not described in the Rock Classification Scheme). Caution should be exercised with this data; historically BGS has not always recorded mass movement events and due to the dynamic nature of occurrence significant changes may have occurred since the data was released. The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

Digital Geological Map Data of Great Britain - 50k (DiGMapGB-50) Superficial version 7
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names and rock type descriptions. The scale of the data is 1:50 000 scale. Onshore coverage is provided for all of England, Wales, Scotland and the Isle of Man. Superficial deposits are the youngest geological deposits formed during the most recent period of geological time, the Quaternary, which extends back about 2.58 million years from the present. They lie on top of older deposits or rocks referred to as bedrock. Superficial deposits were laid down by various natural processes such as action by ice, water, wind and weathering. As such, the deposits are denoted by their BGS Lexicon name, which classifies them on the basis of mode of origin (lithogenesis) with names such as, 'glacial deposits', 'river terrace deposits' or 'blown sand'; or on the basis of their composition such as 'peat'. Most of these superficial deposits are unconsolidated sediments such as gravel, sand, silt and clay. The digital data includes attribution to identify each deposit type (in varying levels of detail) as described in the BGS Rock Classification Scheme (volume 4). The data are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

Digital Geological Map Data of Great Britain - 50k (DiGMapGB-50) version 7
Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names. The scale of the data is 1:50 000 scale. Onshore coverage is provided for all of England, Wales, Scotland and the Isle of Man. Data are supplied as five themes: bedrock, superficial deposits, mass movement, artificial ground and linear features. Bedrock geology describes the main mass of solid rocks forming the earth's crust. Bedrock is present everywhere, whether exposed at surface in outcrops or concealed beneath superficial deposits or water bodies. Geological names are based on the lithostratigraphic or lithodemic hierarchy. The lithostratigraphic scheme arranges rock bodies into units based on rock-type and geological time of formation. Where rock-types do not fit into the lithostratigraphic scheme, for example intrusive, deformed rocks subjected to heat and pressure resulting in new or changed rock types; then their classification is based on their rock-type or lithological composition. This assesses visible features such as texture, structure, mineralogy. Superficial deposits are younger geological deposits formed during the most recent geological time; the Quaternary. These deposits rest on older rocks or deposits referred to as bedrock. The superficial deposits theme defines landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with a geological name and their deposit-type or lithological composition. Mass movement describes areas where deposits have moved down slope under gravity to form landslips. These landslips can affect bedrock, superficial or artificial ground. Mass movement deposits are described in the BGS Rock Classification Scheme Volume 4. However this data also includes foundered strata, where ground has collapsed due to subsidence (this is not described in the Rock Classification Scheme). Caution should be exercised with this data; historically BGS has not always recorded mass movement events and due to the dynamic nature of occurrence significant changes may have occurred since the data was released. Artificial (man-made) theme (shown as polygons) indicates areas where the ground surface has been significantly modified by human activity. Whilst artificial ground may not be considered as part of the 'real geology' of bedrock and superficial deposits it does affect them. Artificial ground impacts on the near surface ground conditions which are important to human activities and economic development. Due to the constantly changing nature of land use and re-use/redevelopment, caution must be exercised when using this data as it represents a snapshot in time rather than an evolving picture hence the data may become dated very rapidly. Linear features (shown as polylines) represent geological structural features e.g. faults, folds or landforms e.g. buried channels, glacial drainage channels at the ground or bedrock surface (beneath superficial deposits). Linear features are associated most closely with the bedrock theme either as an intrinsic part of it for example marine bands or affecting it in the case of faults. Landform elements are associated with both bedrock and superficial deposits. All five data themes are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

Digital Geological Map Data of Northern Ireland - 250k (DiGMapNI-250) Version 1
The data shows superficial polygons, bedrock polygons and fault linear geological information, sourced from published Geological Survey of Northern Ireland 1:250 000 scale maps - superficial (Quaternary 1991) and bedrock (Solid 1997). Full Northern Ireland coverage is available (Bedrock extends west into RI). The data is available in vector format. BGS licensing terms and conditions apply to external use of the data. New version available: 1:250K Geological Maps of Northern Ireland version 2

Digital Geological Map of Bulgaria 1:100000
The GEOBG100 dataset was created during the period 1995-1997 by digitizing the paper version of the Geological map of Bulgaria at a scale of 1:100 000. This consists of 86 coloured flat sheets, covering the whole onshore territory of the country. The map is available in a Bulgarian or in an English edition. The dataset is digitally integrated and available in MapInfo and ArcGIS formats.

Digital Geological Map of Bulgaria 1:500000
The GEOBG500 dataset was created in 1995 by digitizing the paper version of the Geological map of Bulgaria at a scale of 1:500 000, that was published in 1989. This consists of 2 flat coloured sheets covered the whole territory of Bulgaria. The map has been produced in a combined Bulgarian-English edition and was compiled using the Geological Map of Bulgaria at a scale of 1:100 000 as a base, combined with data from the National Geofund. The dataset is digitally integrated and available in MapInfo format.

Digital geological map of Romania 1:1 000 000, for OneGeology Europe Project
Web Map Service (WMS) displaying the GEO_1M_1GE_RO dataset that has been created for the OneGeology-Europe project.

Digital Geological Map of Romania, 1:1 000 000 for the OneGeology Europe Project
The database for geological map of Romania at 1:1 000 000 scale had been built on the basis of geological map built by an authors team in 1978 and is organized in two layers (Geologic Unit – lithostratigraphy and Geologic Structure – geological boundaries and faults) and two tables. This has been modified for harmonization in to OneGeology Europe project.

Digital Geological Map of Romania, 1:200 000
The GEO_200k_RO dataset has been created by vectorization of the paper map series: Geological Maps of Romania at a scale of 1 : 200 000, created during the years 1960-1969. This dataset was digitally processed using ArcGIS software as ESRI geodatabase format.

Digital geological map of Serbia 1M
Digital Geological Map of Serbia represents a simplified version of the geological map 1:500 000 ( done by the Institute of Geology and Mining Research and Test Nuclear and Other Mineral Raw Materials , Belgrade) as a result of a compilation of basic geological map 1:100 000 made ​​by various authors in 1960 - 1980. The units are set aside in chronostratigraphic principle. Faults that have been selected for display were selected based on two criteria : regional distribution and tectonic significance . Map presented here was made specifically for Onegeology -Europe Project of the author Danka Blagojevic , Peter Stejić and Ranka Stanković

Digital geological map of the Republic of Croatia 1:1000000
GEORH1M is a simplifield version of the geological map of the Republic of Croatia 1 :300 000, which is based on 61 map sheets of the Basic Geological Map 1:100 000 produced in the time period between 1962. and 1989. Map shows lithotostratigraphic units and tectonics of the Republic of Croatia. GEORH1M was edited specifically for the purpose of the OneGeology-Europe project. Map is completely made with GIS technology (ArcGIS 9.3.).

Digital geological map of the Republic of Lithuania 1:1000000
The GEOLT1000 dataset was created from geological map of the Republic of Lithuania at scale 1:200000. The dataset was processed using ArcGIS 10.0 software.

Digital Geological Map of the Slovak Republic at scale 1: 50 000
The first version of the contiguous digital map was compiled by Š. Káčer et al.(2005) under the terms of the geological project Digital Geological Map of the Slovak Republic at a scale of 1: 50 000. In addition to areal, line and point information, the following separate layers are available: a list of the background documents, classification of the data in terms of quality, a review of the scheme used for classification of geological units and structures. The areal information provided on the digital map includes: the unified legend and the original legend showing the characteristics and occurrence of individual lithotypes across the whole territory of Slovakia.

Digital Geophysical Borehole Log Index (RECALL database)
The Geophysical Borehole Log index provides details of all digital geophysical logs available to BGS. The database provides the borehole metadata related to logging and metadata for the logging itself and log data stored in a proprietary hierarchical database system (PETRIS RECALL). Contains most digital geophysically logged bores known to BGS National Geological Records Centre. Scattered distribution of boreholes, locally dense coverage, relatively few logs from Scotland & Central Wales, increasing data density on UK continental Shelf.

Digital Great Britain coastlines (DiGBcoast v1.0): a dataset of the coastline position of Great Britain from 1984 to 2022 derived from publicly available optical satellite imagery
DiGBcoast v1.0, is a new supranational dataset documenting three decades of coastal change across Great Britain mainland (England, Scotland, and Wales) including the isle of Wight and Anglesey. This dataset has been produced using the publicly available optical Landsat-5,8 and Sentinel-2 missions over the period between 1984 to 2022 (38 years). It includes instantaneous waterlines and instantaneous tidally corrected to Mean Sea Level shorelines. DiGBcoast is made available to the public as free and open interactive data to support future coastal research and management across Great Britain.

Digital images of petrology rock thin sections
Digital images of petrology rock thin sections from samples that are referenced in the BGS Petrological Collection Database (Britrocks). Two reference images are being captured for each thin section, one taken in Plane Polarized Light (PPL) and the other in Crossed Polarized Light (XPL). The Britrocks database provides an index to the BGS mineralogical & petrological collection. The computer database covers samples in the UK onshore mapping collection together with worldwide reference minerals and the Museum Reserve collection. The first England and Wales collection sample is from circa 1877, Threshthwaite Comb, Cumbria (collected by the Reverend Clifton Ward). The addition of new samples, transfer of records from registers and updates of existing records is ongoing on a regular basis. Internet access to the database is provided on the BGS web site. Capture of the Scottish Collections began February 2012. Capture of the English and foreign collections began in December 2012.

Digital Models of Heterogeneous Sandstone and Carbonate Rock Cores
This dataset contains digital models of three carbonate (Indiana limestone, Estaillades limestone and Edwards Brown Dolomite) and two sandstone (Bentheimer and Bunter) cores with varying degrees of heterogeneity types and length scales. The models define the spatial distribution of porosity and capillary heterogeneity, and can simulate core floods. To build these models, the workflow by Jackson et al. (2018) was followed. It combines observations from coreflood experiments with a numerical optimisation scheme to characterise the capillary heterogeneity within a rock sample. The data presented here contains the experimental X-ray CT dataset used for the paper "History Matching Core Floods in Heterogeneous Sandstone and Carbonate Rocks" by Wenck et al. (Under Review) along with CMG IMEX modelling files. Funding source: EPSRC iCase studentship with BP

Digital seismic sections
This digital data set contains original files of seismic reflection survey sections. Most data are within the UK Onshore area; although there are some UK near-shore and offshore (North Sea, Irish Sea) and foreign data. Most data were acquired for commercial hydrocarbon exploration and subsequently provided to BGS for use on specific projects. Some data were acquired by BGS and other public-sector bodies, e.g. BIRPS (British Institutions Reflection Profiling Syndicate), for academic research. These data are used for workstation-based interpretation. Some are kept as archive copies. There are approximately 50 tapes and 15 Exabyte cartridges. The data are mostly concentrated in areas prospective for coal, oil and gas.

Digital seismic shotpoint location maps.
This digital data set contains original files of seismic reflection survey location (navigation) data and dates from the late 1970s. These provide location information for the Digital Seismic Sections data set (DIGSEISECS) and some of the printed seismic sections of the Original Seismic Sections dataset (ORIGSEISECS) and Copy Seismic Sections dataset (COPYSEISECS). Most data are within the UK Onshore area; although there are some UK near-shore and offshore (North Sea, Irish Sea) and foreign data. Most data were acquired for commercial hydrocarbon exploration and subsequently provided to BGS for use on specific projects. Some data were acquired by BGS (British Geological Survey) and other public-sector bodies, e.g. BIRPS (The British Institutions Reflection Profiling Syndicate), for academic research. The data are used with the Seismic Locations and Sections Database (LOCSEC) and for workstation-based interpretation. There are approximately 20 tapes and 15 Exabyte cartridges. The data are mostly concentrated in coal, oil and gas prospecting areas.

Digitised magnetogram data from the Carrington storm 25th August to 5th September 1859 recorded at Greenwich and Kew Gardens (NERC Grant NE/V002694/1)
This dataset is the most complete digitised magnetic records (as of Nov 2023) of the ten-day period from 25th August to 5th September 1859 encompassing the Carrington storm and its lesser recognised precursor on the 28th August. Based on digital images of the magnetograms from the BGS online archive collection and information from the observatory yearbooks and scientific papers, it is possible to scale the measurements to SI units (degrees of angle and nanoTesla) and extract quasi-minute cadence spot values. The contents of the zip file are various data in ASCII text files plus a readme and example code for plotting the data file; • README.txt - small text file • plot_Carrington1859_paper_plots_with_correlation.py - example code in Python3.7 to create plots • bartels : folder containing digitised KEW data from Bartels (1937) paper • hdz : folder containing extracted KEW and GRW data in single files with time, Horizontal (H), Declination (D) and Vertical (Z) magnetic field components • IAGA2002 : folder with KEW and GRW data in IAGA-2002 formatted files with standard headers • spot_values : GRW spot values taken from the 1859 yearbook tables in csv and txt files

Digitised magnetogram data from three UK observatories (NERC Grant NE/P017231/1)
Digitised magnetogram data from Lerwick, Eskdalemuir and Hartland for two large geomagnetic storms (March 1946 and August 1972). Data have been manually extracted using Enguage Digitizer and verified against hourly mean values from the World Data Centre for Geomagnetism

Digitised Mine Plan Data From The Midland Valley
Contains digitised mine plan contours, spot heights and worked ground outlines on key coal seams from the Midland Valley in ASCII or ArcView format. Incomplete, only some seams and some areas digitised. All contours digitised on key seams, worked ground outlines simplified, spot heights digitised where no contours exist.

DiGMapPlus Resistivity v6
The DiGMap Plus dataset is a series of GIS layers describing the engineering, geochemical and geophysical properties of geological materials from the base of pedological soil down to c. 3m depth (ie the uppermost c.2m of geology). These deposits display a variable degree of weathering, but still exhibit core characteristics relating to their lithologies. The 'Resistivity' dataset covers England, Scotland and Wales and characterises the material resistivity (based on modelled distributions of clay and moisture content, to 2m depth.

Dines Metalliferous Mineral File.
Detailed mining information for mining in Devon and Cornwall gathered by George Dines (former BGS Geologist) for a period around 1921. Maps, plans and accompanying notes and documents provide detailed information on the metal mining ( mainly tin,copper,lead) at that time. A synthesis of this information was published in "The metalliferous mining region of south-west England" 3rd impression 1988.

Dinosaur cranial CT scans and reconstructions (NERC Grant NE/R000077/1)
Raw CT scan data for the following taxa (Euparkeria, Scelidosaurus, Lesothosaurus, Hypsilophodon, Herrerasaurus, Adeopapposaurus, Leyesaurus, Pantydraco, Heterodontosaurus, Coelphysis, Columba, Uromastyx), deposited as either .tif stacks or .dicom stacks, together with .vol files. CT reconstructions for each of these provided as .stls and in other file formats and also all files associated with the generation of Finite Element Models for each of these taxa. Reference photographs of specimens also provided where relevant. Scans and models are arranged in folders by taxon on a hard drive, accompanied by a Read Me file giving full details.

Direct-shear experimental data on sedimentary gouge samples under high confining pressure and sliding velocity steps
This dataset contains raw experimental direct shear testing data as presented by "Ougier-Simonin, A., Castagna, A., Walker, R. J., & Benson, P. M. (2018). Frictional and mechanical behavior of simulated, sedimentary fault gouges. In AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (Vol. 2018, pp. T11E-0212)". The data is provided in a .zip folder containing the files of 8 experiments that are accompanied by a README file for introduction. Files format is Microsoft Excel Worksheet (.xlsx) and data are tabulated. Each file contains the corresponding relevant sample’s details, and each column of data is clearly labelled, units included. For each experiment, time, axial force, axial displacement, axial stress, confining displacement, confining pressure, internal temperature, and axial delta P were recorded. Details of calculations for shear stress and coefficient of friction are also provided. Eight gouge (rock powder) samples of Monte Salici sandstone (Numidian Flysch, Appenninic-Maghrebian Chain; Sicily), ‘Comiso’ limestone (Ragusa Formation; Sicily) and Quaternary Clays (blue-grey clay in Fiumefreddo, Sicily) were tested in direct shear using sliding holders in triaxial compression at a confining pressure of 50 MPa. After 4 mm of axial (shear) displacement at 1 micron per second, variable rates of axial displacement were applied to induce velocity steps condition and measure rate-and-state parameters. Maximum displacement: ca. 9.8mm. All tests done at room temperature. The experiments were conducted by Drs A. Castagna and A. Ougier-Simonin using the MTS815 Rock Testing System in triaxial configuration and homemade sliding holders in the Rock Mechanics and Physics Laboratory of the British Geological Survey; both responsible for the collection and initial interpretation of the data. One test presented an issue on one of the signals recorded; the data are still shared for information purposes and the corresponding set of data is clearly named to indicate this fact.

Direct shear strength testing data on sedimentary gouge samples under high confining pressure
This dataset contains raw experimental direct shear testing data as presented by "Ougier-Simonin, A., Castagna, A., Benson, P. and Walker, R. (2017). Direct shear characterisation of simulated clay-bearing gouges: a case study from the Pernicana Fault System (Mount Etna, Sicily). In EGU 2017 General Assembly Conference Abstracts (p. 15794)". The data is provided in a .zip folder containing the files of 12 experiments that are accompanied by a README file for introduction. Files format is Microsoft Excel Worksheet (.xlsx) and data are tabulated. Each file contains the corresponding relevant sample’s details, and each column of data is clearly labelled, units included. For each experiment, time, axial force, axial displacement, axial stress, confining displacement, confining pressure, internal temperature, and axial delta P were recorded. Details of calculations for shear stress and coefficient of friction are also provided. Twelve gouge (rock powder) samples of Monte Salici sandstone (Numidian Flysch, Appenninic-Maghrebian Chain; Sicily), ‘Comiso’ limestone (Ragusa Formation; Sicily) and Quaternary Clays (blue-grey clay in Fiumefreddo, Sicily) were tested in direct shear using sliding holders in triaxial compression at a range of confining pressures of 10, 30 and 50 MPa. Clay and sandstone samples tests were conducted at 0.3 microns per second of axial displacement rate; limestone and mixed gouges tests were conducted at 1 micron per second. Maximum displacement: ca. 9.8mm. All tests done at room temperature. The experiments were conducted by Drs A. Castagna and A. Ougier-Simonin using the MTS815 Rock Testing System in triaxial configuration and homemade sliding holders in the Rock Mechanics and Physics Laboratory of the British Geological Survey; both responsible for the collection and initial interpretation of the data.

Direct testing of forsterite bicrystals via in-situ micropillar experiments at 700 deg C (NERC Grant NE/S00162X/1)
The mechanics of olivine deformation play a key role in long-term planetary processes, including the response of the lithosphere to tectonic loading or the response of the solid Earth to tidal forces, and in short-term processes, such as post-seismic creep within the upper mantle. Previous studies have emphasized the importance of grain-size effects in the deformation of olivine. Most of our understanding of the role of grain boundaries in the deformation of olivine is inferred from comparison of experiments on single crystals to experiments on polycrystalline samples, as there are no direct studies of the mechanical properties of individual grain boundaries in olivine. In this study, we use high-precision mechanical testing of synthetic forsterite bicrystals with well characterized interfaces to directly observe and quantify the mechanical properties of olivine grain boundaries. We conduct in-situ micropillar compression tests at high-temperature (700°C) on bicrystals containing low-angle (4• tilt about [100] on (014)) and high-angle (60• tilt about [100] on (011)) boundaries. During the in-situ tests, we observe differences in deformation style between the pillars containing the grain boundary and the pillars in the crystal interior. In the pillars containing the grain boundary, the interface is oriented at ∼ 45° to the loading direction to promote shear. In-situ observations and analysis of the mechanical data indicate that pillars containing the grain boundary consistently support elastic loading to higher stresses than the pillars without a grain boundary. Moreover, the pillars without the grain boundary sustain larger plastic strain. Post-deformation microstructural characterization confirms that under the conditions of these deformation experiments, sliding did not occur along the grain boundary. These observations support the hypothesis that grain boundaries are stronger relative to the crystal interior at these conditions. This data set is associated with the pre-print manuscript with the DOI: 10.22541/essoar.167979601.17867144/v1

DiSECCS - Diagnostic Seismic Toolbox for Efficient Control of CO2 Storage. Final Summary report: Work packages 1 - 4. BGS Report OR/17/002.
EPSRC project EP/K035878/1 - Report summarising scientific findings from Work Packages 1 to 4 of the DiSECCS project. These include advanced seismic methods for assessing pressure changes and fluid flow processes in a reservoir rock, experimental rock physics and public perceptions for CCS and analogue activities.

DiSECCS - Diagnostic Seismic Toolbox for Efficient Control of CO2 Storage. Work Package 5 - Insights and Recommendations.. BGS Report OR/17/022.
EPSRC project EP/K035878/1 - DiSECCS research has focussed on developing advanced seismic monitoring tools and combining these with social science research to identify key factors in establishing trust and confidence in the storage system.This report presents insights into and recommendations for the monitoring systems and protocols required to maintain the integrity of storage reservoirs suitable for large-scale CO2 storage and for obtaining a social licence to operate a CCS project.

DiSECCS - Diagnostic Seismic Toolbox for Efficient Control of CO2 Storage. Work Package 5 - Seismic Analysis Toolbox. BGS Report OR/17/013.
Report summarising the contents of the seismic analysis toolbox produced during the DiSECCS project. The toolbox comprises an online library of seismic software developed and utilised in the project, and presented in a form that other practitioners can utilise and tailor to their own specific needs. The toolbox include software for the measurement and characterisation of thin CO2 layers by spectral and attenuation analysis, fracture characterisation via wavelet coda analysis, novel rock physics algorithms and a summary of new laboratory analyses.

DiSECCS Seismic Toolbox
EPSRC project EP/K035878/1 - The DiSECCS seismic analysis toolbox comprises a series of codes which implement various algorithms for analysing post-stack seismic data acquired as part of a geological carbon sequestration monitoring programme. The tools focus on determining the thickness, saturation distribution and physical properties of CO2 layers imaged on seismic data. The toolbox also contains a number of new rock physics models developed as part of the DiSECCS project in the form of Mathematica notebooks.

Display Service (WMS) of the IGME Water Point Base
Service of visualization of the Inventory of points of aquifers of the IGME, with data of situation, nature, utilization and technical data of the perforation. The temporal coverage extends from 1966 to the present day.

Dissolved methane concentrations in groundwater (NERC Grant NE/R017832/1)
This dataset contains dissolved methane concentrations from groundwater in Great Britain, predominantly from England. Data were collated in Microsoft Excel (.xlsx) format from four publicly accessible sources: the British Geological Survey (from Bell et al., 2017), the Environment Agency for England (from the online Water Quality Archive), and local baseline data for the shale gas sites of Preston New Road (from Cuadrilla Resources) and Kirby Misperton (from Third Energy). In total, 2997 dissolved methane concentrations are included in the dataset and were collected from 922 unique locations from October 1992 to July 2018. The data were used within a Bayesian framework to create a dynamic baseline (a baseline that can change in time and space to reflect ongoing environmental change) that can predict the probability that a change in dissolved methane concentration has occurred, for example in the context of monitoring aquifers at shale gas sites using hydraulic fracturing methods. The data presented are the underlying dataset to Wilson et al., 2020, Science of the Total Environment: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134854. Bell, R. A., Darling, W. G., Ward, R. S., Basava-Reddi, L., Halwa, L., Manamsa, K., & Dochartaigh, B. Ó. (2017). A baseline survey of dissolved methane in aquifers of Great Britain. Science of the Total Environment, 601, 1803-1813. Wilson, M. P., Worrall, F., Davies, R. J., & Hart, A. (2020). A dynamic baseline for dissolved methane in English groundwater. Science of The Total Environment, 711, 134854.

Dissolved Organic and Dissolved Black Carbon Concentrations in South American Rivers (NERC grant NE/L002434/1)
A dataset of DOC and DBC concentrations from 78 sampling locations in South American rivers (surface waters).

Dissolved rhenium and other dissolved ions in Alpine catchments of the Erlenbach and Vogelbach (Switzerland) and the East River (Colorado, USA) (NERC Grant NE/I001719/1)
The measurements and data contained here were obtained to study the chemical weathering of sedimentary rocks, and more specifically the oxidation of rock organic carbon and the associated release of CO2. The primary aim was to better understand the production and mobility of the trace element rhenium during weathering, because this element has been proposed as a proxy for rock organic carbon oxidation. The study focused on three Alpine catchments that drain sedimentary rocks, which all experience moderate to high erosion rates where oxidative weathering rates are thought to operate faster. Two catchments were located in Switzerland - the Erlenbach and Vogelbach, and one catchment in Colorado, USA - the East River. To study chemical weathering and the production and mobility of rhenium, a suite of samples were collected to capture the source and products of weathering reactions. These focused on stream and river water, river sediments and weathering profiles collected on sedimentary rocks. The Swiss catchments, water samples were collected from 2011 and 2012 to capture changes in river flow and seasonal changes in hydro-climate. Samples were collected from a gauging station operated by the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research - WSL. In the East River, samples were collected from the gauging station operated by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Watershed Function Scientific Focus Area from 2015 and 2016. Additional samples included snow samples collected from the Erlenbach. All water samples were analysed for their major dissolved ion content by Ion Chromatography. Dissolved rhenium concentrations were determined by High Resolution and Quadrupole Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Solid samples were digested and analysed for Re content by ICP-MS. These geochemical measurements were paired with water discharge data to quantify the flux of dissolved elements, using rating curves and flux-weighted average methods, and interpret the hydrological context of ion production and mobility through the landscape. This new data acquisition was funded by a European Research Council Starting Grant to Robert Hilton (ROC-CO2 project, grant 678779) and a Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), UK, Standard Grant (NE/I001719/1). Further details of subsequent data analysis and interpretation can be found in Hilton, R.G., et al., 2021, Concentration-discharge relationships of dissolved rhenium in Alpine catchments reveal its use as a tracer of oxidative weathering, Water Resources Research

Distance to water measured by an experimental near-infrared lidar prototype in six laboratory and outdoor tests (NERC Grant NE/P000452/1)
Data are distances (in cm) to water measured by an experimental near-infrared lidar sensor in six different setups (2017–9). Laboratory tests conducted at Imperial College London include quantifying the effect of (i) distance, (ii) sensor inclination, (iii) turbidity/clarity of the water, and (iv) ambient temperature on measurement bias. Outdoor tests at three locations in London interrogated the effect of varying water surface roughness on the measurements. A dataset of high-frequency measurements is also included, from which the effects of sample autocorrelation were interrogated.

Distribution Of UK North Sea Lithostratigraphic Units
This dataset shows the distribution of Middle Jurassic, Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous lithostratigraphic (UK Offshore Operators Association - UKOOA) units within the UK North Sea graben. The data are based on a subset of released exploration and appraisal wells from within the UK North Sea graben areas. The well data are concentrated in the areas overlying the deep sedimentary basins of the Viking Graben, Central Graben and the Moray Firth Basin, with fewer wells over the adjacent platforms. The UKOOA lithostratigraphic classification has been applied consistently.

Doddington Sandstone Computed Tomography Rock Scan - 4.2µm - 161213
The images in this dataset are a sample of Doddington Sandstone from a micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scan acquired with a voxel resolution of 4.2µm. This dataset is part of a study on the effects of Voxel Resolution in a study of flow in porous media. A brief overview of this study summarised from Shah et al 2015 follows. A fundamental understanding of flow in porous media at the pore-scale is necessary to be able to upscale average displacement processes from core to reservoir scale. The study of fluid flow in porous media at the pore-scale consists of two key procedures: Imaging reconstruction of three-dimensional (3D) pore space images; and modelling such as with single and two-phase flow simulations with Lattice-Boltzmann (LB) or Pore-Network (PN) Modelling. Here we analyse pore-scale results to predict petrophysical properties such as porosity, single phase permeability and multi-phase properties at different length scales. The fundamental issue is to understand the image resolution dependency of transport properties, in order to up-scale the flow physics from pore to core scale. In this work, we use a high resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scanner to image and reconstruct three dimensional pore-scale images of five sandstones and five complex carbonates at four different voxel resolutions (4.4µm, 6.2µm, 8.3µm and 10.2µm, scanning the same physical field of view. S.M.Shah, F. Gray, J.P. Crawshaw and E.S. Boek, 2015. Micro-Computed Tomography pore-scale study of flow in porous media: Effect of Voxel Resolution. Advances in Water Resources July 2015 doi:10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.07.012 We gratefully acknowledge permission to publish and funding from the Qatar Carbonates and Carbon Storage Research Centre (QCCSRC), provided jointly by Qatar Petroleum, Shell, and Qatar Science & Technology Park. Qatar Petroleum remain copyright owner.

Double Torsion Beamtime, Mechanical Data (NERC grant NE/M001458/1)
The mechanical data (loads, displacements) recorded during double torsion experiments on samples of 6 shale materials and a sandstone. These experiments were conducted on the I12 beamline, Diamond Light Source, Harwell as part of beamtimes EE13824-1 and EE13824-2 between 26/02/17 and 03/03/17. The data were collected using the standard double-torsion technique, with a load cell behind the actuator recording applied force. The method and results are described in detail by Chandler et al, (2018,submitted) "Correlative optical and X-ray imaging of strain evolution during Double Torsion Fracture Toughness measurements in shale" The data was collected with the aim of correlating local deformation around a progressing fracture (through X-Ray and optical imaging) with recorded mechanical data from the loading system. The data was collected by M. Chandler, A-L Fauchille, J. Mecklenburgh, H. K. Kim and L. Ma, and was processed by M. Chandler and R. Rizzo. The complete dataset is present.

Downcore Foraminifera Data (NERC grant NE/J023329/1)
This dataset comprises a record of benthic foraminifera count data from three cores that were analysed to assess down core changes in foraminifera abundance from the Paluma Shoals reef complex, Halifax Bay, central Great Barrier Reef, Australia; cores OPS-PC2, OPS-C-PC1 and OPS-D-PC1. The site/core names relate to the sites described in the following paper: Morgan KM, Perry CT, Smithers SG, Daniell JJ and Johnson JA (2016) Extensive reef development within the “mesophotic” nearshore Great Barrier Reef: Evidence for intra-regional variations in coral resilience. Scientific Reports 6:29616. DOI: 10.1038/srep29616.

Downhole Geophysical Log Collection.
The BGS collection of paper and sepia geophysical logs from boreholes drilled by BGS and external organisations. The majority of the collection are in hard copy , but significant numbers are now available digitally. Covering the UK mainland and offshore from 1949 onwards. the commercial logs are mainly related to hydrocarbon , coal exploration or water wells. The collection covers Great Britain and the types of logs and the scales used will vary depending on the equipment available and the use of the data.

DRASTIC parameter "A - Aquifer media" for pilot area Oder (Poland/Germany)
The Lower Oder / Odra pilot area is the only transboundary region assessing the groundwater vulnerability in GeoERA HOVER WP7 applying the DRASTIC methodology. The pilot area has an extent of about 7374 km2 and comprises parts of the groundwater catchment of the Middle and Lower Oder river of Western Poland and Eastern Germany. The considered near-surface strata consist of Cenozoic unconsolidated sediment. The assessment aims on the groundwater vulnerability to pollution of the upper useful aquifer, which is not necessarily the uppermost aquifer. The groundwater of this aquifer is primarily used for drinking water and irrigation purposes. According to Aller et al. (1987) the DRASTIC parameter "A" provides a rating with values from 1 to 10 concerning the rock material forming the aquifer for the assessment of the groundwater vulnerability.applying the DRASTIC method.

DRASTIC parameter "A - Aquifer media" for Pilot area Tønder (Denmark)
This is the third parameter for the DRASTIC groundwater vulnerability assessment (Aller et al. 1987) applied at the HOVER WP7 pilot area Tønder (Denmark).

DRASTIC parameter "C - Hydraulic Conductivity" for pilot area Oder (Poland/Germany)
The Lower Oder / Odra pilot area is the only transboundary region assessing the groundwater vulnerability in GeoERA HOVER WP7 applying the DRASTIC methodology. The pilot area has an extent of about 7374 km2 and comprises parts of the groundwater catchment of the Middle and Lower Oder river of Western Poland and Eastern Germany. The considered near-surface strata consist of Cenozoic unconsolidated sediment. The assessment aims on the groundwater vulnerability to pollution of the upper useful aquifer, which is not necessarily the uppermost aquifer. The groundwater of this aquifer is primarily used for drinking water and irrigation purposes. The rating of DRASTIC parameter "C" according to Aller et al (1987) with values from 1 to 10 was modified and describes the hydraulic conductivity for the assessment of the groundwater vulnerability.applying the DRASTIC method.

DRASTIC parameter "C - Hydraulic conductivity" for Pilot area Tønder (Denmark)
This is the seventh (last) parameter for the DRASTIC groundwater vulnerability assessment (Aller et al. 1987) applied at the HOVER WP7 pilot area Tønder (Denmark).

DRASTIC parameter "D - Depth to water table" for Pilot area Tønder (Denmark)
This is the first parameter for the DRASTIC groundwater vulnerability assessment (Aller et al. 1987) applied at the HOVER WP7 pilot area Tønder (Denmark).

DRASTIC parameter "D - Depth to Water" for pilot area Oder (Poland/Germany)
The Lower Oder / Odra pilot area is the only transboundary region assessing the groundwater vulnerability in GeoERA HOVER WP7 applying the DRASTIC methodology. The pilot area has an extent of about 7374 km2 and comprises parts of the groundwater catchment of the Middle and Lower Oder river of Western Poland and Eastern Germany. The considered near-surface strata consist of Cenozoic unconsolidated sediment. The assessment aims on the groundwater vulnerability to pollution of the upper useful aquifer, which is not necessarily the uppermost aquifer. The groundwater of this aquifer is primarily used for drinking water and irrigation purposes. The rating of DRASTIC parameter "D" according to Aller et al (1987) with values from 1 to 10 was modified and describes the groundwater depth for the assessment of the groundwater vulnerability.applying the DRASTIC method.

DRASTIC parameter "I - Impact of Vadose Zone" for pilot area Oder (Poland/Germany)
The Lower Oder / Odra pilot area is the only transboundary region assessing the groundwater vulnerability in GeoERA HOVER WP7 applying the DRASTIC methodology. The pilot area has an extent of about 7374 km2 and comprises parts of the groundwater catchment of the Middle and Lower Oder river of Western Poland and Eastern Germany. The considered near-surface strata consist of Cenozoic unconsolidated sediment. The assessment aims on the groundwater vulnerability to pollution of the upper useful aquifer, which is not necessarily the uppermost aquifer. The groundwater of this aquifer is primarily used for drinking water and irrigation purposes. According to Aller et al. (1987) the DRASTIC parameter "I" provides a rating with values from 1 to 10 concerning the rock material covering the aquifer for the assessment of the groundwater vulnerability.applying the DRASTIC method.

DRASTIC parameter "I - Impact of vadose zone" for Pilot area Tønder (Denmark)
This is the sixth parameter for the DRASTIC groundwater vulnerability assessment (Aller et al. 1987) applied at the HOVER WP7 pilot area Tønder (Denmark).

DRASTIC parameter "R - Net Recharge" for pilot area Oder (Poland/Germany)
The Lower Oder / Odra pilot area is the only transboundary region assessing the groundwater vulnerability in GeoERA HOVER WP7 applying the DRASTIC methodology. The pilot area has an extent of about 7374 km2 and comprises parts of the groundwater catchment of the Middle and Lower Oder river of Western Poland and Eastern Germany. The considered near-surface strata consist of Cenozoic unconsolidated sediment. The assessment aims on the groundwater vulnerability to pollution of the upper useful aquifer, which is not necessarily the uppermost aquifer. The groundwater of this aquifer is primarily used for drinking water and irrigation purposes. The rating of DRASTIC parameter "R" according to Aller et al (1987) with values from 1 to 10 was modified and describes the groundwater recharge for the assessment of the groundwater vulnerability.applying the DRASTIC method.

DRASTIC parameter "R - Net recharge" for Pilot area Tønder (Denmark)
This is the second parameter for the DRASTIC groundwater vulnerability assessment (Aller et al. 1987) applied at the HOVER WP7 pilot area Tønder (Denmark).

DRASTIC parameter "S - Soil Media" for pilot area Oder (Poland/Germany)
The Lower Oder / Odra pilot area is the only transboundary region assessing the groundwater vulnerability in GeoERA HOVER WP7 applying the DRASTIC methodology. The pilot area has an extent of about 7374 km2 and comprises parts of the groundwater catchment of the Middle and Lower Oder river of Western Poland and Eastern Germany. The considered near-surface strata consist of Cenozoic unconsolidated sediment. The assessment aims on the groundwater vulnerability to pollution of the upper useful aquifer, which is not necessarily the uppermost aquifer. The groundwater of this aquifer is primarily used for drinking water and irrigation purposes. According to Aller et al. (1987) the DRASTIC parameter "S" provides a rating with values from 1 to 10 concerning the soil material for the assessment of the groundwater vulnerability.applying the DRASTIC method.

DRASTIC parameter "S - Soil media" for Pilot area Tønder (Denmark)
This is the fourth parameter for the DRASTIC groundwater vulnerability assessment (Aller et al. 1987) applied at the HOVER WP7 pilot area Tønder (Denmark).

DRASTIC parameter "T - Topography (slope)" for Pilot area Tønder (Denmark)
This is the fifth parameter for the DRASTIC groundwater vulnerability assessment (Aller et al. 1987) applied at the HOVER WP7 pilot area Tønder (Denmark).

DRASTIC parameter "T - Topography" for pilot area Oder (Poland/Germany)
The Lower Oder / Odra pilot area is the only transboundary region assessing the groundwater vulnerability in GeoERA HOVER WP7 applying the DRASTIC methodology. The pilot area has an extent of about 7374 km2 and comprises parts of the groundwater catchment of the Middle and Lower Oder river of Western Poland and Eastern Germany. The considered near-surface strata consist of Cenozoic unconsolidated sediment. The assessment aims on the groundwater vulnerability to pollution of the upper useful aquifer, which is not necessarily the uppermost aquifer. The groundwater of this aquifer is primarily used for drinking water and irrigation purposes. According to Aller et al. (1987) the DRASTIC parameter "T" provides a rating with values from 1 to 10 concerning the slope gradients for the assessment of the groundwater vulnerability.applying the DRASTIC method.

DRASTIC parameter: A (Aquifer media). Upper Guadiana Basin (UGB).
A refers to the consolidated or unconsolidated medium that composes the aquifer. The different materials are classified into ten ranges and a rate is assigned to each class: Metamorphic/Igneous: [2] Weathered metamorphic/Igneous: [3] Thin bedded sandstone, Limestone: [4] Shale sequences: [6] Massive sandstone: [6] Massive limestone: [6] Sand and gravel: [8] Basalt: [9] Karst limestone: [10] In the Upper Guadiana Basin pilot, the geology is complex, including detrital and carbonated aquifers and the groundwater connectivity between the Upper Guadiana’s aquifer is also structurally complex. In the southern half of the Upper Guadiana Basin the aquifers are predominantly composed by limestones, with many karstified zones. Many areas in the central aquifer are formed by tertiary detrital materials. The northern aquifers are more heterogeneous. There are no large karstified areas and other formations of metamorphic materials can be found in these aquifers.

DRASTIC parameter: C (Hydraulic conductivity). Upper Guadiana Basin (UGB).
C parameter refers to the ability of the aquifer materials to transmit water. The values of the conductivity (m/s) are classified into eight classes and a rate is assigned to each class: < 5.0*10-7: [1] 5.0*10-7 - 5.0*10-5: [2] > 5.0*10-5 - 1.5*10-4: [3] > 1.5*10-4- 3.5*10-4: [4] > 3.5*10-4- 5.0*10-4: [6] > 5.0*10-4- 1.0*10-3: [8] > 1.0*10-3 - 1.0*10-2: [9] > 1.0*10-2: [10] In the Upper Guadiana Basin pilot, the conductivity in the Upper Guadiana Basin takes values in all the ranges proposed for the classification of this parameter in DRASTIC. The north area has low conductivity (below 1.5*10-4 m/s although there exists a small area with conductivity higher than 10-3. The central area takes values between 1.5*10-4 and 10-3 m/s and the conductivity in the southern area is mainly in the range of 3.5*10-4 – 5*10-4 m/s.

DRASTIC parameter: D (Depth to water). Upper Guadiana Basin (UGB).
D parameter represents the depth of the surface below the ground level where all the pore spaces are filled with water. The values of the depth to water (m) are classified into seven classes and a rate is assigned to each class (<1.5 m = [10]; 1.5 - 5 = [9]; 5 - 10 [7]; 10 - 15: [5]; 15 - 25: [3]; 25 - 50: [2]; >50 = [1]). In the Upper Guadiana Basin pilot, depth to water table is higher than 15 meters in most of the pilot area due to the intensive groundwater withdrawal since the early 1970s.

DRASTIC parameter: I (Impact of vadose zone). Upper Guadiana Basin (UGB).
I parameter represents the unsaturated zone above the water table. The values of the vadose zone materials are classified into ten classes and a rate is assigned to each class: Silt/Clay: [1] Shale: [3] Limestone: [6] Sandstone: [6] Bedded limestone, sandstone, shale: [6] Sand and gravel with significant silt and clay: [6] Metamorphic/Igneous: [4] Sand and gravel: [8] Basalt: [9] Karst limestone: [10] In the Upper Guadiana Basin pilot, the unsaturated zone is formed by poorly permeable lithologies in the northern area and higher permeability values can be found in the sourthern part.

DRASTIC parameter: R (Net recharge). Upper Guadiana Basin (UGB).
R parameter represents the net recharge per unit area. The values of the recharge (mm) are classified into six classes and a rate is assigned to each class (<50 mm = [1]; 50 - 100 = [3]; 100 - 175 = [6]; 175 - 250 = [8]; 250 - 500 = [9]; >500 = [10]). In the Upper Guadiana Basin pilot, rainfall is the main source of aquifers recharge. The mean annual recharge varies between 45 and 70 mm/year.

DRASTIC parameter: S (Soil media). Upper Guadiana Basin (UGB).
S refers to the uppermost part of the vadose zone, which is characterized by significant biological activity. The different type of soils are classified into eleven ranges and a rate is assigned to each class: Thin or absent: [10] Gravel: [10] Sand: [9] Peat: [8] Shrinking and/or aggregated clay: [7] Sandy loam: [6] Loam: [5] Silty loam: [4] Clay loam: [3] Muck: [2] Nonshrinking and nonaggregated clay: [1] The soils in the basin mainly belong to the cambisol group according to the FAO classification. It can also be found Regosol and others such as luvisol and podzol in the southeast area. The soil texture in the northern area is predominantly silty-loam, whereas the soil in the southern area is composed by peat.

DRASTIC parameter: T (Topography). Upper Guadiana Basin (UGB).
T parameter represents the slope of the land surface . The values of the slope (%) are classified into five classes and a rate is assigned to each class (0 - 2 m = [10]; 2 - 6 = [9]; 6 - 12 = [5]; 12 - 18 = [3]; >18 = [1]). In the Upper Guadiana Basin pilot, the land surface is predominantly flat, sloping gently over 150 km, from the northeast (elevation 730 m.a.s.l.) to the southwest (600 m.a.s.l.).

Drill cores
Drill cores contains georeferenced information on bore holes where cores kept at SGU has been taken. The material is collected during documentation-, exploration- or construction projects from all over Sweden

Drill cores (view service)
Drill cores contains georeferenced information on bore holes where cores kept at SGU has been taken. The material is collected during documentation-, exploration- or construction projects from all over Sweden

Drill Fluid Chemistry for GGC01, GGA07, and GGA08
Data set is of drill fluid return, settling tank, and bore hole flush fluids sampled during the development of GGC01 seismic monitoring borehole and GGA07 and GGA08 mine water geothermal wells at the UKGEOS - Glasgow site.

Drone RGB imagery (NERC grant NE/P000010/1)
Imagery taken with a DJI Phantom 4 Pro drone using the as supplied RGB camera for part of the slopes above the A83 Rest and Be Thankful, Scotland in 2016. Images cover part of the slopes affected by Storms Desmond and Frank.

Dual stable isotope analysis of nitrogen and oxygen in nitrate in groundwater from Northern Province Chalk in Yorkshire, UK (NERC Grant NE/L002574/1)
Dual stable isotope analysis comprising nitrogen-15 and oxygen-18 ratios for groundwater samples collected every 2-3 months over one hydrogeological year from the East Riding of Yorkshire. Isotopic ratios for nitrogen-15, oxygen-18 are both presented as raw and processed to NAIR and VSMOW, respectively. The data are in the form of a Microsoft Excel workbook containing Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer runs. The data were collected to understand key sources of nitrate contamination in Chalk groundwater and the dominant processes they undergo, and the extent of any attenuation. The Chalk catchments and the River Terrace Gravel catchment were compared, allowing conclusions to be drawn on the role of nitrate transformation, and the dominant location of transformations, to increase understanding of nitrate dynamics in agricultural systems. Groundwater samples were collected by the University of Leeds, the Environment Agency, Yorkshire Water and South East Water. Nitrate isolation and data interpretation carried out by Josephine McSherry, supervised by L. Jared West and Simon Bottrell. Mass spectrometry was carried out by Rob Newton and Bob Jamieson at the University of Leeds. No isotopic data are absent from the dataset, however oxygen contamination (resulting from the isolation method and since resolved) severely affected run O34b-O. Hydrochemical data relevant to the groundwater samples are not included as they are the property of the Environment Agency, Yorkshire Water or South East Water.

Duzce PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Duzce, Turkey. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Dyke-induced fault measurements and predicted dyke properties offshore NW Australia (NERC Grant NE/R014086/1)
Fault analyses used to estimate underlying dyke properties, imaged in 3D seismic reflection data. The seismic reflection data are located offshore NW Australia and image a series of Late Jurassic dykes and overlying dyke-induced normal faults; these structures occur within a sedimentary basin and are now buried beneath several kilometres of rock. The specific seismic reflection dataset used for this study so far is the Chandon 3D survey, which is freely available through https://www.ga.gov.au/nopims. Other 3D seismic surveys (e.g., Glencoe) near Chandon will be used in due course to extend the study area. Analyses of these faults uses an array of point pairs, defined by X, Y, and Z co-ordinates, that mark where certain sedimentary beds are intersected by the fault in its footwall and hanging wall. Mapping of these points every 125 m along each studied fault, for 11-14 sedimentary horizons, was conducted using Petrel seismic interpretation software. From the footwall and hanging wall point pairs, the throw, heave, displacement, and dip of each fault was calculated. By measuring distances between corresponding point pairs on opposing faults, graben width properties and estimated down-dip fault continuations were calculated. The expression of dyke-induced faults observed at the surface in active volcanic areas is often used to estimate dyke location, thickness (expected to roughly equal the heave on overlying faults), and upper tip depth (expected to occur where overlying, oppositely dipping faults meet; i.e. the point of the ‘V’). This study represents the first time natural dyke-induced faults and underlying dykes have been imaged in 3D and quantitatively studied. The dataset presented here allows hypotheses concerning relationships between dyke-induced fault geometries and dyke properties to finally be tested, and provides insight into normal fault kinematics; this will be useful to structural geologists and volcanologists.

Dykes vs sills (NERC grant NE/J021520/1)
Data on the average aspect ratio (length/width) and average length of plagioclase grains in dykes and sills, used to demonstrate that the solidification regime is a function of the orientation of tabular intrusions. The data are written up, with publication expected in Journal of Petrology.

Dynamic imaging of tracer transport in beadpacks and Ketton Limestone by Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
The data contains three-dimensional maps of the temporal and spatial distribution of tracer concentration during miscible displacements with aqueous solutions in two cylindrical porous samples, thus including beadpack (BP) and Ketton Limestone (KL). The dynamic imaging of the displacement process was conducted using two different PET scanners, namely a Siemens Biograph 64 PET/CT for the experiments with the BP (at Imanova Ltd, UK) and a Siemens INVEON DPET for the experiments with KL (at Stanford University, USA). The experiments were carried out at flow rates, q = 10 mL/min for BP and q = 4 mL/min for KL. Each PET image represents an average over a constant time frame (45 frames of 20 seconds each for BP and 40 frames of 60 seconds each for KL). For BP, each 3D tomogram includes (128 x 128 x 111) voxels with size (1.34 x 1.34 x 2) mm3. For KL, each 3D tomogram includes (128 x 128 x 159) voxels with size (0.78 x 0.78 x 0.8) mm3. The PET dataset was used in Kurotori et al. (2018)* to characterise mm-scale dispersion during miscible displacements in these two porous media. The experimental observations of the spatio-temporal evolution of the tracer plume can also be used as a benchmark test for different numerical models for solute transport in heterogeneous porous media. Further details on the use of the PET images can be found in Kurotori et al. (2018). *T. Kurotori, C. Zahasky, S. A. Hosseinzadeh Hejazi, S.M. Shah, S.M. Benson, Measuring, imaging and modelling solute transport in a microporous limestone, Chemical Engineering Science (2018), under review.

Dynamic reservoir-condition microtomography of reactive transport in complex carbonates: Effect of initial pore structure and initial brine pH in Ketton, Estaillades, and Portland Limestones.
A laboratory µ-CT scanner was used to image the dissolution of Ketton, Estaillades, and Portland limestones in the presence of CO2-acidified brine at reservoir conditions (10 MPa and 50 °C) at two injected acid strengths for a period of 4 h. Each sample was scanned between 6 and 10 times at ~4 µm resolution and multiple effluent samples were extracted. See also paper: H.P. Menke et al. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 204 (2017) 267-285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2017.01.053.

Dynamic X-ray micro-tomography Imaging of reaction of CO2-acidified brine with limestone at reservoir conditions
This dataset contains 10 three dimensional x-ray tomographic images of CO2-acidified brine reacting with Ketton limestone at a voxel size of 3.8 microns. It includes the unreconstructed projections (.txrm), the reconstructed images (.txm), and the masked and cropped segmented images (.am and .raw). The rock was imaged during dissolution 10 times over the course of 2.5 hours. Details can be found in Menke et al., 2015 in the journal Environmental Science and Technology.

Dysprosium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Dysprosium (Dy), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

e-Shape Como City InSAR Displacements
InSAR displacement in the Como City

e-Shape Como City InSAR Validation
Validation of InSAR displacement in the Como City

e-Shape Segura Basin Area of Influence
Possible area of influence of the well filed located in the Middle Segura Basin

e-Shape Segura Basin Displacement Zonification
Displacement Zones in the Middle Segura Basin

e-Shape Silesian Coal Basin Displacement Zonification
Displacement Zones in the Silesian Coal Basin

e-Shape Silesian Coal Basin GeoHazards
Spatio-temporal analysis of the Geohazards in the Silesian Coal Basin

e-Shape Silesian Coal Basin InSAR Validation
Validation using absolute diferences in the Silesian Coal Basin

Early Miocene ASEM element maps from IODP Site U1480 (NERC grant NE/P021182/1)
Element maps from 5x 10 cm sections generated using the Zeiss Sigma HD Field Emission Gun Analytical SEM at Cardiff University. Maps come from sections within the early Miocene pelagic interval situated directly below the Nicobar Fan succession at IODP Site U1480 in the Eastern Equatorial Indian Ocean (for more information see published report, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.07.019). These specific sections were chosen to examine the depositional environments associated with transitions from red clays to white chalk, which demonstrate distinct banding at the micro and macro scale.

Earth's core conductivities for pure iron and iron mixtures in the liquid outer core and solid inner core (NERC Grant NE/H02462X/1)
This dataset contains VASP runs performed on ARCHER to calculate the electrical and thermal conductivities of pure iron and iron alloys at Earth's core conditions using density functional theory with the Kubo-Greenwood formulation. Data are available for both the solid and the liquid phase characterising the inner and outer core respectively. Also included in the dataset the runs for computing the lattice contribution to the electrical resistivity of magnetic bcc iron at ambient pressure and two low temperatures and for computing the melting curve of fcc nickel. These data were also used for the modelling of the geodynamo and the thermal history of the Earth, to calculate the transport properties for silicon-oxygen-iron mixtures and to confirm the saturation of electrical resistivity of solid iron at Earth’s core conditions. The results from this dataset showed that both conductivities are much larger than previously thought with important implications for the geodynamo and the thermal history of the Earth, benefitting the geodynamo community. The results of our research have been recently confirmed by new experimental results obtained at Earth's core conditions. Further details can be found in Alfè et al. (2012); Pozzo et al. (2012, 2013a, 2013b, 2014, 2016); Gubbins et al. (2015); Davies et al. (2015). NERC Grant is NE/H02462X/1.

Earth tilt data
Digital records of the Earth surface tilts at the Příbram, Skalná and Jezeří observatories

Earthquake hazard from 36-Cl exposure dating of elapsed time and Coulomb stress transfer (NERC grant NE/I024127/1)
Data derived from NERC grant NE/I024127/1 1) 36Cl data and supporting chemistry. This folder contains the 36Cl concentration data, data on sample locations on fault planes, major and trace element concentrations, and similar data for upper slope samples. 2) Depth versus density data for trenches in colluvium. This folder contains measurements of weights and volumes of colluvial material removed from trenches for some of the 36Cl sites. These data are used to calculate colluvial densities to inform modelling of the 36Cl data. 3) Field Site Documentation. This folder contains field data and field photographs and movies of the sample sites. It also contains a file that summarises interpretations of the data in this folder, to provide numerical values needed to support modeling the 36Cl data to recover fault slip histories. 4) Google Earth Files to locate sample sites. This folder contains kmz files for Google Earth to locate the sample sites. 5) Terrestrial LiDAR data for each 36Cl sample sites. This folder contains Terrestrial LiDAR data (from a LiDAR on a tripod).

Earthquake Hypocenters on Montserrat from 1995 to 2018 (NERC Grant NE/L002582/1)
Earthquake hypocenters for all earthquakes detected on Montserrat by the Montserrat Volcano Observatory seismic network from July 1995 to February 2018 inclusive. Information includes: Origin Time, Latitude, Longitude, Depth, Hypocenter Errors, RMS and the number of stations used for each location.

Earthquake source and model parameters - Azores (NERC grant NE/N011791/1)
Ascii files and tables with earthquake source and model parameters for five events in the Azores archipelago.

Earthquake source and model parameters - Wells (NERC grant NE/N011791/1)
Ascii files or tables with earthquake source and model parameters determined for the Wells, Nevada earthquake

East African Rift Temperature and Heatflow model (EARTH)
A geographic information system (GIS) heat flow and temperature model of East Africa created by extracting data from open sources into a series of shapefiles and rasters containing information on geothermal sites, hot spring locations, digital elevation model, surface temperature, geothermal gradients, thermal conductivities and heat flow data, major faults, surface geology, crustal basement, electrification grid system and population density across East Africa. This data is stored in the World Geodetic System (WGS) 1984 Geographic Projection System.

East Grampians geological field data.
The database contains basic tabulated field data resulting from the work of the BGS East Grampians Project in the early 1980s to mid 1990s. Records include the locations of stations at which field observations were made, structural measurements and sample locations. To this end, the database provides an index to locations and structural data. However, it needs to be stated clearly that labels given to structural elements are largely subjective beyond the identification of bedding. This means that the structural data are largely unusable without a clear understanding of their context and with regard to the primary paper record on which descriptions of the observed structures are recorded. The data are held in MS ACCESS tables which are related via the Station number as the primary key. The coverage is mainly confined to the North East Grampian Highlands of Scotland. The database is currently unused and has not been added to since the end of the East Grampians Project. The station location and structural data are effectively complete. However, fields in the sample database, such as the sample stratigraphy, are largely incomplete because, at the time the data were acquired, the stratigraphy at each station was formally undefined. The most effective way of presenting and investigating the data is via GIS.

Eastern Bolivia Regional Geochemical Survey.
Between 1976 and 1982, the Overseas Directorate of the British Geological Survey, United Kingdom and the Geological Survey of Bolivia, Santa Cruz, carried out a major reconnaissance geological mapping, geochemical sampling and mineral exploration programme of that part of the Precambrian Brazilian Shield lying within eastern Bolivia. Previous geological work had been undertaken in the area, but this was the first time that a systematic and fully integrated survey had been attempted. The Project area is approximately 220,000 square kilometres and regional geochemical samples were collected from 8185 sites producing an overall sampling density of 1 sample per 27 square kilometres. Because of logistic problems it was impossible to sample certain inaccessible areas so the actual sampling density was 1 sample per 16 square kilometres for the 130,000 square kilometres effectively sampled. The geochemical samples were analysed in the Project laboratories in Santa Cruz and in the GEOBOL geochemical laboratories in La Paz. Uranium analyses were carried out by a commercial laboratory in the UK. The results of the Project are incorporated in 21 comprehensive reports in both English and Spanish. Twelve describe the geology, geochemistry and mineral potential of the individual 1:250,000 map areas and the remainder are devoted to the geology and mineral potential of areas of special geological or economic interest. The stream sediments were determined for: Ag, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, As, U, B, Ba, Be, Cr, La, Li, Mo, Nb, Sn, Sr, Y, and Zr. These results are presented in an atlas as 22 single element 1:1 million scale, classed proportional symbol, point source data maps in which the symbols are overprinted on a simplified geological base map in order to facilitate rapid data interpretation. A 1:4 million scale moving average map based on a 4 x 4 km cell size and a 10 km search radius, printed alongside the symbol map, identifies the major regional variations. Raw data is available from the Geological Survey of Bolivia, Santa Cruz along with copies of the reports.

Eastern IFCA (EIFCA) Geophysical Survey 2014_RP2014D The Well habitat mapping: (07/Jul/2014 to 08/Aug/2014)
Eastern Inshore Fisheries and Conservation Authority (EIFCA) sidescan sonar survey to characterise the seabed of areas of The Wash, in particular to identify areas indicative of Cobble & Boulder habitat, and of Sabellaria spinulosa. The data is used to inform EIFCA's monitoring within the Wash and North Norfolk Coast Special Area of Conservation. The intention is that the surveys will be repeated at intervals. The survey took place from 7/7/2014 to 8/8/2014 on board the RV Three Counties. Sidescan sonar data were collected using an Edgetech 4200-P Sidescan sonar System. These data are archived at the BGS MEDIN Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. Technical details of the survey are contained in EIFCA Research Report 2014.

ECLIPSE 100 Input decks for reservoir models developed as part of CO2MULTISCALE
UKCCSRC Call 2 Project C2-197 - The dataset comprises a series of ECLIPSE 100 input decks describing reservoir models of potential CO2 storage sites in the Southern North Sea and East Irish Sea offshore UK. The models were developed to test the effect of relative permeability hysteresis on the geological storage of CO2. The models incorporate new relative permeability datasets measured by Imperial College, London as part of the CO2MULTISCALE project.

Economic data
The database contains information on prices of the main mineral commodities in both domestic and foreign markets. This includes both financial and volumetric representations of the Czech foreign trade with mineral commodities.

Ecuador Pedernales Earthquake Continuous Seismic Data (2016) (NERC grant NE/P008828/1)
Data collected as part of a UK/French/US collaborative effort to record aftershocks from the 2016 Pedernales Earthquake in Ecuador. The dataset comprises continuous seismic data recorded on broadband and short period instrumentation.

eENVPLUS Flood Probability Map
This is the Flood Probability Map data elaborated by the eENVplus EP09 geohazard widget and based on the Flood prone area model defined by GeoZS Slovenian Geological Survey and ISPRA Geological Survey of Italy.This data are a selection part of potential map elaborated by the tool.

eENVplus Geolithology 1:100k FVG
This is the subset of the Geology data at the scale 1:100.000 developed for eENVplus project. The dataset represents the merge of the two dataset of the Geological Map of Italy 1:100k database: Geology 1:100k layer and Lithology 1:100k layer. The dataset at the moment represents just the Friuli venezia Giulia part of Italy.

eENVplus GeoZS 100k surface Geologic Unit
The Basic Geological Map of Slovenia as a part of joint Basic Geological Map of SFR Yugoslavia presents lithological and stratigraphic characteristics of rocks, their relationships, age and other. It is a key to the understanding of the geology of Slovenia. It consists of 23 sheets at a scale of 1: 100,000.

eENVplus GeoZS 1M surface Geologic Unit
The harmonized geological map of Slovenia at a scale of 1:1,000,000 is a simplified version of the 1:250,000 scale Geological Map of Slovenia (Buser, 2009). The latter was compiled from the Basic Geological Map of Slovenia at a scale of 1: 100,000 (contributed by various authors between 1960's and 1980's and updated with new information gathered by S. Buser). The map is basically lithostratigraphic. The two layers incorporated in the map are lithostratigraphic units and major faults. The faults depicted on the map were selected using two criteria; regional extent and tectonic importance. The map presented here was edited specifically for the purpose of the OneGeology-Europe project by M. Bavec, M. Novak, M. Poljak, M. Trajanova and D. Skaberne.

eENVPLUS Landslide Susceptibility Map
This is the Landslide Susceptibility Map data elaborated by the eENVplus EP09 geohazard widget and based on the Landslide Susceptibility model defined by GeoZS Slovenian Geological Survey and ISPRA Geological Survey of Italy.This data are a selection part of potential map elaborated by the tool.

eENVplus OneGeology-Europe_1:1M_FVG
The database represents a subset of the GEO1MDB that is the Geological Map of Italy at the scale 1:1.000.000 trim for the eENVplus project on the Friuli Venezia Giulia Region.

eENVplus Surface Geology - web services
The pilot aplication service for calculating landslide susceptibility map and map of flood prone area.The harmonized geological map of Slovenia is a simplified version of the 1:250,000 scale Geological Map of Slovenia (Buser, 2009), which was compiled using the Basic Geological Map of Slovenia at a scale of 1: 100,000 (compiled by various authors between 1960's and 1980's) with the addition of new information by S. Buser. The map depicts the lithostratigraphic composition of Slovenia.The Basic Geological Map of Slovenia as a part of joint Basic Geological Map of SFR Yugoslavia presents lithological and stratigraphic characteristics of rocks, their relationships, age and other. It is a key to the understanding of the geology of Slovenia. It consists of 23 sheets at a scale of 1: 100,000.

Effect of porosity and clays on geophysical and transport properties of sandstone exposed to CO2 injection: Influence of rock heterogeneities on CO2 storage monitoring (NERC Grants NE/X003248/1, NE/X006271/1)
This dataset gathers the data collected during a brine:CO2 flow-through experiments conducted on three sandstones with similar mineralogical compositions (major minerals) but different porosity, clay-size fraction and clay mineralogy. The aim was to study the effect of such heterogeneities on interpretation of geophysical data. Geophysical and transport data were collected before, during and after exposing each sample to CO2, and analysed with basic petrophysical properties. The tests were conducted in the high-pressure, room-temperature (20°C) experimental setup for multi-flow-through tests in the Rock Physics Laboratory at the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton (NOCS), during 2022, as part of the OASIS, EHMPRES and FOCUS projects with funding from the Research Council of Norway (RCN grant no. 280472 - OASIS) and the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC grants NE/X003248/1 - FAPESP-EHMPRES, and NE/X006271/1 - FOCUS). To simulate the specific effective stress conditions of the target CO2 storage reservoir in Aurora (Aker et al., 2021), northern North Sea, the confining and pore pressure conditions of the reservoir were accommodated to our lab temperature conditions. We measured ultrasonic P- and S-wave velocities and attenuations, axial strains and electrical resistivity for an increasing CO2 saturation. The degree of brine saturation was inferred from the electrical resistivity using the modified Archie’s empirical relationship to account for the contribution of clay minerals, based on the Waxman–Smits–Juhasz model (see further details in, e.g., Falcon-Suarez et al. (2021)). We refer to Falcon-Suarez et al. (2020) for further information about the experimental rig and the CO2 injection protocol.

Effective Precipitation [mm/year]
Long term average (LTA) Effective Precipitation (Peff) for the European domain at 1 km spatial resolution for the period 1981-2010. The Peff estimate is based on E-Obs precipitation records and a merged AET estimate based on the Budyko method and satellite estimates. The LTA Peff data set i part of a series of gridded datasets established in the TACTIC project for estimating Potential Groundwater Recharge (GWRpot). The data available are AET, Effective precipitation (Peff=Precipitation-AET), Groundwater Recharge coefficient (Rcoef defined as the ratio: Peff / GWRpot ) The Potential Groundwater Recharge GWRpot = (Precipitation-AET)*Rcoef. The TACTIC series of gridded datasets for estimation of GWRpot included two versions of Peff. The current dataset is the Peff=Precipitation-AET, the other is Peff_corr = (Precipitation-AET)*1.26 to adjust the estimate to other Peff estimates from seven national pilots in Europe. Urban areas are masked out and not represented in the gridded dataset. All units are mm/year for the period 1981-2010.

Effective Precipitation bias corrected [mm/year]
Long term average (LTA) Effective Precipitation (Peff) for the European domain at 1 km spatial resolution for the period 1981-2010. The Peff estimate is based on E-Obs precipitation records and a merged AET estimate based on the Budyko method and satellite estimates. The LTA Peff data set i part of a series of gridded datasets established in the TACTIC project for estimating Potential Groundwater Recharge (GWRpot). The data available are AET, Effective precipitation (Peff=Precipitation-AET), Groundwater Recharge coefficient (Rcoef defined as the ratio: Peff / GWRpot ) The Potential Groundwater Recharge GWRpot = (Precipitation-AET)*Rcoef. The TACTIC series of gridded datasets for estimation of GWRpot included two versions of Peff. The current dataset is the Peff_biacorr= (Precipitation-AET)*1.26, adjusted to other Peff estimates from seven national pilots in Europe. The other is Peff = Precipitation-AET. Urban areas are masked out and not represented in the gridded dataset. All units are mm/year for the period 1981-2010.

EGDI 1:1 Million pan-european Surface Geology
EGDI 1:1M-scale surface Geologic Unit, Age and Lithology. European dataset harvested from national WFS for geologic units or national geological units datasets, based on OneGeology and INSPIRE Lithology and Geochronologic Era URI codelists.

EGDI 1:1 Million pan-european Surface Geology
EGDI 1:1 Million pan-european Surface Geology data built from harvested INSPIRE European WFS' for 1:1 Million Surface geology: geologic units. Based on data served as OneGeology and INSPIRE conformant services using INSPIRE Lithology and Geochronologic Era URI codelists.

EGDI Metadata catalogue
Application of the EGDI Metadata Catalogue is the central access point to search information (metadata) about data sources that are maintained and provided by the European Geological Surveys. It is based on MIcKA system, v. 6, which enables the user to work with metadata of spatial data in accordance with international standards (ISO, OGC and INSPIRE). Metadata are administered centrally in a database, edited and viewed through a web interface, and published by means of a standardized catalogue service (CS-W).

EGDI WMS services for Geophysics, Hungary
INSPIRE View services provided for EGDI Geophysics

EGIP geothermal map (MapServer)
The underground geothermal conditions can be presented, irrespective of the aquifers' position, with the appropriate geothermal maps. These maps represent the expected isoterms at a depths and are derived from Geothermal maps - Expected temperatures , which are made with data from 302 boreholes. It is made on the basis of measured temperatures in accessible boreholes throughout the country. However, since the temperature field depends on the geological structure in the depths and tectonic characteristics, the course of the isotherms is a result of many influences, such as thermal conductivity of rocks, permeability and fracturing of rocks, all of which are reflected in the measured temperatures in boreholes. The distribution of boreholes, which were useful for the measurement of temperature, is very uneven and different as regard the depths.

Elastic Coulomb stress change models for Preston New Road PNR-1z hydraulic fracturing (NERC Grant NE/R018006/1)
This dataset is a catalogue of elastic stress models of hydraulic fracturing during the 2018 Preston New Road, PNR-1z operations (described in Clarke et al., 2019). This modelling was produced for the publication Kettlety et al. (2020), which studies the physical mechanisms controlling seismicity during hydraulic fracturing. For further details on the modelling approach and context for these data, see Kettlety et al. (2020) and the README file attached here.

Elastic Thickness of Oceanic Lithosphere: Tasmantid Seamounts. Tasman Sea (NERC Grant NE/L002507/1)
Elastic thickness data for Tasmantid Seamounts determined from gravity modelling. Published paper, Richards, Fred & Kalnins, Lara & Watts, A. & Cohen, Benjamin & Beaman, Robin. (2018). The Morphology of the Tasmantid Seamounts: Interactions Between Tectonic Inheritance and Magmatic Evolution. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 10.1029/2018GC007821.

Electric Resistivity Ground Imaging (ERGI) data collected at sites on the Rio Beni, Bolivia (NERC Grant NE/H009108/1)
These files contain Electric Resistivity Ground Imaging (ERGI) data measured using a Tigre 128 electric resistivity system with 64 electrodes in a roll-along survey mode. The electrodes were spaced 5 m apart and used in a Wenner a array configuration. The format of the file names is as follows: The two digits following B (18 or 20) is a label indicating the measurement site The digit following the T (1, 2 or 3) is the measurement transect number The next six digits, following the underscore, are the measurement date (ddmmyy) The next two digits, following the second underscore, are the survey number (measurements were repeated multiple times) The files are in tab delimited ascii text format, with three columns of data: Column 1 contains the distance measured across the survey transect Column 2 contains the a-spacing (the distance between adjacent electrode pairs) in m Column 3 contains the measured apparent resistivity value in Ohm m

Electron backscatter diffraction data and sample analysis from the Nusfjord Shear Zone, Lofoten, Norway (NERC Grant NE/P001548/1)
Field and microstructural analysis of pseudotachylytes formed at lower crustal depths and now lying exposed in the Flakstadøy Anorthosite, Lofoten, Norway. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis : 10 EBSD datasets (cpr files) - unfiltered. These characterise deformation in pyroxenes spatially associated with pseudotachylyte faults in the Nusfjord anorthosite. Grain size analysis - backscattered electron (BSE) images and processed equivalents (segmented manually or with ImageJ software) of fragmented orthopyroxene for grain size analysis. Results are processed in the spreadsheet 'Grain size distributions for fragmented OPX'. Samples involved: LC1724 and N22 Grain growth modelling - spreadsheet calculating grain growth rates for orthopyroxene in samples LC1724 and N22 Strain analysis - used to estimate strain via clast analysis of mylonitised pseudotachylyte, sample 269c

Electron holograms (NERC grant NE/J020508/1)
3 datasets comprising of electron holograms acquired during in situ heating of a magnetite particle within a transmission electron microscope. Details of the experimental acquisition of the electron holograms can be found in the publications: Almeida, T. P., Muxworthy, A. R., Kovács, A., Williams, W., Brown, P. D., and Dunin-Borkowski, R. E. (2016) Direct visualization of the thermomagnetic behavior of pseudo-single-domain magnetite particles. Science Advances, 2(4), e1501801 & Almeida, T. P., Muxworthy, A. R., Kovács, A., Williams, W., Nagy, L., Ó Conbhuí, P., Frandsen, C., Supakulopas, R., Dunin-Borkowski, R. E. (2016): Direct observation of the thermal demagnetization of a vortex structure held by a non-ideal magnetite recorder. Geophysical Research Letters, 42, DOI: 10.1002/2016GL070074.

Electron microprobe and Mossbauer spectroscopy data of clinopyroxene standards (NERC Grant NE/T011106/1)
Compositional data of clinopyroxene crystals standards analysed by electron probe microanalyses for major element oxides and by Mossbauer spectroscopy for iron valence and unknown clinopyroxene crystals from Iceland and the Azores . These data were collected in support of research described in the following preprints: https://doi.org/10.31223/X5CT03 and https://doi.org/10.31223/X5N959

Electron probe analyses of plagioclase macrocrysts from the 2021 eruption of the Fagradalsfall volcano in Iceland (NERC Grant NE/W004690/1)
lectron probe analyses of the composition of plagioclase macocrysts from the 2021 eruption of the Fagradalsfjall eruption in Iceland. These were collected in profiles from rim-to-core and were designed for diffusion chronometry applications. This will be published in a article (in press in late 2022) in the journal Geology and with lead author Kahl. Analyses of a secondary standard across the many days of analytical sessions are also provided.

Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) of iron oxide minerals from cobalt and nickel bearing limonitic laterite deposits from the CoG3 NERC project (NERC Grant NE/M011488/1)
NERC Grant NE/M011488/1 Electron microprobe analyses of Fe-oxide and Fe-oxyhydroxide phases as elemental percentages per point analysis. The phases were within limonites from Acoje (Philippines), Caldag (Turkey), Nkamouna (Cameroon), Piaui (Brazil) and Shevchenko (Kazakhstan) laterite deposits. The data were acquired during the NERC SoS Minerals CoG3 project between 2015 and 2018 using a Cameca SX100 electron microprobe at the Natural History Museum, London, UK. Point analyses were performed on samples set within epoxy resin blocks, polished and coated with carbon. All elements were analysed using wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometers. These data were used to identify the Co and Ni bearing host minerals within each natural resource and to assess the amount and variability of these elements within specific Fe-oxide or Fe-oxyhydroxide phases. This may be useful within the mining sector, resource assessment, processing or prospecting, geo- or material scientists and processing engineers / metallurgists. The data were acquired in the Core Research Laboratories, Natural History Museum by the NHM CoG3 team. NERC grant: CoG3: The geology, geometallurgy and geomicrobiology of cobalt resources leading to new product streams

Electron Probe Microanalyzer (EPMA) data from a selection of tephra occurrences drilled at IODP Sites 350-U1436 and 350-U1437. (NERC grant NE/M005240/1)
Many tephra layers were identified in sediment cores drilled during IODP Expedition 350. Here, 1092 glass shards from 76 tephra occurrences (layer or patch) were analysed using electron probe microanalyses (EPMA). Data are not averaged, nor normalised. Geochemistry data were collected for: SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Cr2O3, FeO, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, SO3, Cl and O. Secondary standard data are given, as well as beam setup conditions. The data were obtained using the instruments at the University of Bristol, over two sessions during October and November 2014.

Elemental and stable isotope data measured in Eocene foraminiferal calcite from Ocean Drilling Program Site 865 and Tanzanian Drilling Project Site 18 (NERC grants NE/H016457/1, NE/I005870/1, NE/I005595/1)
Elemental and stable isotope data measured in Eocene foraminiferal calcite from Ocean Drilling Program Site 865 and Tanzanian Drilling Project Site 18 published in Edgar et al. (2015) "Assessing the impact of diagenesis on δ11B, δ13C, δ18O, Sr/Ca and B/Ca values in fossil planktic foraminiferal calcite" in Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 166, p. 189-209. Table 1. δ18O and δ13C values for glassy and frosty foraminifera from TDP Site 18 and ODP Site 865, respectively. Table 2. Sr/Ca and B/Ca values, and test weights for glassy and frosty foraminifera from TDP Site 18 and ODP Site 865, respectively. Table 3. δ11B values for glassy and frosty foraminifera from TDP Site 18 and ODP Site 865, respectively.

Elevation of a geological boundary
The elevation of a geological boundary in meters above sea level.

Ellesmere Port-1 Core Scanning Dataset
A core scanning dataset from part of the Ellesmere Port-1 drill core that was drilled for unconventional hydrocarbons in 2014. Approximate 40 m of core from the Bowland Shale Formation in the Ellesmere Port-1 (1532.7 – 1663.15 m) was scanned for high-resolution optical images and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) downcore point measurements using the Itrax MC core scanner (Cox Analytical Systems) at the Core Scanning Facility (CSF) at the British Geological Survey. Core scanning was utilised as part of the commission phase of this facility.

EMODnet Geology WP7 Marine Minerals Cobalt Rich Ferro-manganese Crusts (Area)
Marine ferromanganese crust deposits are potential mineral resources that contain base metals and strategic and critical elements such as cooper (Cu), cobalt (Co), vanadium (V), nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), platinum group elements (PGEs) or rare earth elements (REEs). Traditionally, marine precipitates are defined as: a) purely hydrogenetic when all constituents are derived from cold seawater, (b) diagenetic, when all constituents are derived from cold sediment pore water; and (c) hydrothermal when precipitation occurs in the vicinity of hydrothermal vent sites from fluids with temperatures higher than ambient bottom waters. Hydrogenetic Fe-Mn crusts occur throughout the global ocean on seamounts, ridges and plateaus, where currents have kept the rocks free of sediment for millions of years. Some ferromanganese (Fe-Mn) crusts exhibit a mixed origin, primarily either hydrothermal-hydrogenetic or hydrogenetic-diagenetic (Hein et al., 2000; 2003; 2013; Muiños et al. 2013; Bau et al., 2014; Marino et al., 2017). In many places, marine phosphorites are accompanied by Fe-Mn crust mineralisations on the seafloor of continental shelves and slopes along the western continental margins of the Atlantic Ocean. Some thick Fe-Mn crusts also contain carbonate fluorapatite, which was incorporated into the crusts during specific periods prior to middle Miocene during main Cenozoic episodes of phosphatization. These deposits are related to strong upwelling along the continental margins and seamounts. Marine phosphorites are known to concentrate rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) during early diagenetic formation (Hein et al., 1993; 2016; González et al., 2016). Although there are several references to ferromanganese crusts and their association with phosphorites in the literature, the genetic models for explaining their relationship and metal concentration are still poorly understood. Research on phosphorites and Fe-Mn deposits have traditionally had two main purposes: 1) their economic importance as potential sources of phosphate for agriculture and metals, rare earth elements plus yttrium (REY), among others, required for high-tech and green-tech applications; and 2) their potential as archives for the study of paleoceanographic events. Phosphorite and ferromanganese crust deposits are frequently associated, and widespread on the seafloor of continental shelves and slopes along the western continental margins of the Atlantic Ocean, also occurring on seamounts, banks and plateaus. They are especially abundant on the volcanic seamounts and ridges from the Macaronesia region (Canary-Madeira-Açores Islands). The proposal is to compile fragmented marine data products and metadata on areas explored and investigated for ferromanganese crusts and phosphorites and make them available through an information platform. The portal will provide access to data and metadata held by each organisation based on standards developed in the Geo-Seas and EMODnet-Geology project and data products compiled at a scale of 1:250,000. This WP will establish the location, extension and formation processes of individual European ferromanganese crusts and phosphorites; how critical metals are concentrated on the mineralisation; where they occur and why they are associated with particular minerals. This is a necessary study, to identify areas with potential CRM deposits as sources of strategic and rare metals within the EU and associated countries waters.

EMODnet Seabed erosion
EMODnet Seabed erosion is an index map collected within project EMODnet geology, WP3, Seabed substrate. The dataset includes index areas of available seabed erosion studies and related background information provided by project partners from European waters. Mandatory information includes identification code, country, data provider, contact info, sea area, seabed erosion type, study description, method and reference. Additional metadata includes e.g., DOI, purpose of the study, data availability and format, erosion continuity, seabed dynamics, areal extent and erosion rates information, if available. The focus is only on recent/present day erosion.

EMODNET Seafloor Geology - Pre Quaternary, Quaternary, Geomorphology (EMODnet4)
The European Marine Observation and Data Network (EMODnet) consists of more than 100 organisations assembling marine data, products and metadata to make these fragmented data resources more available to public and private users relying on quality-assured, standardised and harmonised marine data which are interoperable and free of restrictions on use. EMODnet is currently in its fourth phase. BGR participates in the EMODnet Geology theme and is coordinating the “seafloor geology” work package from the beginning. In cooperation with the project partners BGR compiles and harmonises GIS data layers on the topics geomorphology, pre-Quaternary and Quaternary geology and provides those, based on INSPIRE principles, via the EMODnet Geology portal https://www.emodnet-geology.eu/map-viewer/. These map layers present the pre-Quaternary and the Quaternary sea-floor geology and Geomorphology of the European Seas, semantically harmonized based on the INSPIRE data specifications for Geology, including the terms for lithology, age, event environment, event process. The data are compiled from the project partners, the national geological survey organizations of the participating countries. The data set represents the most detailed available data compilation of the European Seas using a multi-resolution approach. Data completeness depending on the availability of data and actual mapping campaigns. This open and freely accessible product was made available by the EMODnet Geology project ( https://www.emodnet-geology.eu/), implemented by EMODnet Geology Phase IV partners, and funded by the European Commission Directorate General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries. These data were compiled by BGR from the EMODnet IV Geology partners. All ownership rights of the original data remain with the data originators, who are acknowledged within the attribute values of each map feature.

EMODNET Seafloor Geology (WMS)
The European Marine Observation and Data Network (EMODnet) consists of more than 100 organisations assembling marine data, products and metadata to make these fragmented data resources more available to public and private users relying on quality-assured, standardised and harmonised marine data which are interoperable and free of restrictions on use. EMODnet is currently in its fourth phase. BGR participates in the EMODnet Geology theme and is coordinating the “seafloor geology” work package from the beginning. In cooperation with the project partners BGR compiles and harmonises GIS data layers on the topics geomorphology, pre-Quaternary and Quaternary geology and provides those, based on INSPIRE principles, via the EMODnet Geology portal https://www. emodnet-geology.eu/map-viewer/. These map layers present the pre-Quaternary and Quaternary sea-floor geology and Geomorphology of the European Seas, semantically harmonized based on the INSPIRE data specifications including the terms for lithology, age, event environment, event process and geomorphology. The data are compiled from the project partners, the national geological survey organizations of the participating countries. The data set represents the most detailed available data compilation of the European Seas using a multiresolution approach. Data completeness depending on the availability of data and actual mapping campaigns. This open and freely accessible product was made available by the EMODnet Geology project ( https://www.emodnet-geology.eu/), implemented by EMODnet Geology Phase IV partners, and funded by the European Commission Directorate General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries. These data were compiled by BGR from the EMODnet IV Geology partners. All ownership rights of the original data remain with the data originators, who are acknowledged within the attribute values of each map feature.

Engineering-Geological Map of the Republic of Srpska
Engineering-geological map of the Republic of Srpska 1:300 000 is the first clear map of Srpska that shows engineering-geological structure of the terrain. Engineering-geological map of the Republic of Srpska 1:300 000 and the Interpreter, contain a general presentation of all elements of the geological environment and provide quick information on all important issues related to engineering geological structure of the terrain, the character of the rocks and soils, condition and properties of rock masses in the function of construction, terrain stability and susceptibility to slope instability, usability of rocks as construction materials and their basic physical and mechanical characteristics as well as basic seismological or seismotectonic characteristics.

Engineering-geological zones 1 : 1,000,000
The map illustrates basic components of geological environment, that is classified on the basis of similarity or homogenity of that signs, which have meaning from point of construction geology, engineering geology and geotechnics. In case of rocks and soils it is mainly lithological composition, similar index, geomechanical or geophysical characteristics, while f.e. stratigraphy (age) is put down. These similar rocks are aggregated into zones with same or similar engineering geological characteristics. There are 18 zones altogether on the map.

Engineering–geological zones 1 : 50,000 (GEOCR50)
The map illustrates basic components of geological environment, that is classified on the basis of similarity or homogenity of that signs, which have meaning from point of construction geology, engineering geology and geotechnics. In case of rocks and soils it is mainly lithological composition, similar index, geomechanical or geophysical characteristics, while f.e. stratigraphy (age) is put down. These similar rocks are aggregated into zones with same or similar engineering geological characteristics. There are 18 zones altogether on the map.

Engineering–geological zones 1 : 500,000 (GEOCR500)
The map illustrates basic components of geological environment, that is classified on the basis of similarity or homogenity of that signs, which have meaning from point of construction geology, engineering geology and geotechnics. In case of rocks and soils it is mainly lithological composition, similar index, geomechanical or geophysical characteristics, while f.e. stratigraphy (age) is put down. These similar rocks are aggregated into zones with same or similar engineering geological characteristics. There are 18 zones altogether on the map.

Engineering Laboratory Reports
A list of the laboratory reports produced from testing in the engineering geology laboratory. It includes report number, title and author's name(s). The reports themselves contain data on a wide range of geotechnical and geophysical laboratory tests, from standard and index tests to complex research. Test materials are highly varied, soils and rock, from the UK or overseas.

Engineering Properties:Bulking
This dataset is a characterisation of the soil and rocks and the potential bulking factor (likely excavated volume increases) at Formation (local to regional) level for Great Britain. The data is categorised into Class, characteristics of similar soils and rocks and Bulking Factor, range or ranges of % bulking. The excavation of rocks or soils is usually accompanied by a change in volume. This change in volume is referred to as ‘bulking’ and the measure of the change is the ‘bulking factor’. The bulking factor is used to estimate the likely excavated volumes that will need to be moved, stored on site, or removed from site. It is envisaged that the 'Engineering Properties: Bulking of soils and rocks' dataset will be of use to companies involved in the estimation of the volume of excavated material for civil engineering operations. These operations may include, but are not limited to, resource estimation, transportation, storage, disposal and the use of excavated materials as engineered fill. It forms part of the DiGMap Plus dataset series of GIS layers which describe the engineering properties of materials from the base of pedological soil down to c. 3m depth (ie the uppermost c.2m of geology). These deposits display a variable degree of weathering, but still exhibit core engineering characteristics relating to their lithologies.

Engineering Properties:Discontinuities
This dataset is a characterisation of discontinuity types found within rocks and soils in Great Britain. Discontinuities are breaks, fractures or planes of weakness in the rock mass. The dataset includes type, frequency and orientation of discontinuities within rock and soil materials at formation (local to regional) scale. The discontinuities are classified in 3 categories: stratification (bedding planes), foliation (mineral banding) and rock mass description. The dataset aims to facilitate the preliminary research for planning and design of buildings, infrastructure and resource extraction. It forms part of the DiGMap Plus dataset series of GIS layers which describes the engineering properties of materials from the base of pedological soil down to c. 3m depth (ie the uppermost c.2m of geology). These deposits display a variable degree of weathering, but still exhibit core engineering characteristics relating to their lithologies.

England and Wales "1-Inch" geological map sheet petrological sample archive
Sometimes known as the "One-Inch Collection", this is an archival collection of rock samples collected by BGS field staff during surveys within England and Wales, arranged by 1-inch (or 50 K) scale BGS geological map sheet area. It was intended as a representative suite of the lithologies present in each sheet, although this was only partially achieved. Documentation is via archive of rock sample collection sheets (see COLLECTIONSHEETS) but is poorly coordinated at present.

Enquiry Records Archive for Scotland And Northern England.
The collection consists of records of enquiries answered by the Land Survey from c.1939 to 1970, with a small number of earlier records. Pre c.1960 files relate mainly to economic mineral enquiries while files after that year relate increasingly to enquiries on geological site conditions. Enquiry records of former Leeds and Newcastle offices, relevant to UK(North), are held for c.1950 to 1992. Edinburgh Office enquiry files dated up to 1970 have been reviewed for retention/destruction and those of continuing informational or historical value have been retained as archives. Post 1970 files are confidential to BGS staff. Indexed on Land Survey Record Index (LSRI). Edinburgh enquiry files are referenced EE, (ex-Newcastle Office enquiries, EN). Covers Scotland and Northern England with concentrations in urban ares. All non-confidential data held by NGRC(North) is available to users.

Entity Indexes
This service contains entity indexes for boreholes, grab samples and geophysical data. In this service you will find marine points and lines in Europe with geological knowledge. Each feature contains main metadata for the feature including contact details to relevant authorities.

Environmental Radioactivity Database
BGS have collected environmental radioactivity data for various purposes over several decades. This is being drawn together to produce a database of baseline gamma radioactivity and radon. Data includes the relevant portions of airborne and ground gamma spectrometer surveys, mineral exploration, baseline geochemistry and environmental radiometric surveys along with lithogeochemical and borehole log data. It is predominantly a specialist subset of other existing BGS databases. Incomplete UK coverage.

Environmental Sensitivity Vector 1 Hectare Grid - England
The dataset is based on a 1 hectare(ha) vector grid which covers the whole of England. It has been populated with a series of environmental and cultural assets, reflecting the presence or absence of an asset in an individual cell. The dataset has been designed to enable a single asset to be displayed in a generalised fomat; total numbers of assets within a given cell; or the opportunity to create in unique combination of the assets based on the generalised 1 ha data. The data is also available at 1km.

Environmental Sensitivity Vector 1 Hectare Grid - Scotland
The dataset is based on a 1 hectare(ha) vector grid which covers the whole of Scotland. It has been populated with a series of environmental and cultural assets, reflecting the presence or absence of an asset in an individual cell. The dataset has been designed to enable a single asset to be displayed in a generalised fomat; total numbers of assets within a given cell; or the opportunity to create in unique combination of the assets based on the generalised 1 ha data. The data is also available at 1km.

Environmental Sensitivity Vector 1 Hectare Grid - Wales
The dataset is based on a 1 hectare(ha) vector grid which covers the whole of Wales. It has been populated with a series of environmental and cultural assets, reflecting the presence or absence of an asset in an individual cell. The dataset has been designed to enable a single asset to be displayed in a generalised fomat; total numbers of assets within a given cell; or the opportunity to create in unique combination of the assets based on the generalised 1 ha data. The data is also available at 1km.

Eocene to Oligocene-aged benthic foraminifer isotope and sediment-derived neodymium isotopes from Ocean Drilling Program Sites 689 and 690 (Maud Rise, Southern Ocean) (NERC NE/L004607/1)
This dataset includes the (stable) oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of benthic foraminifer tests (n= 686) and the (radiogenic) isotopic composition of the terrigenous fraction of marine sediments (n= 75), all sampled from Eocene to Oligocene-aged sediments recovered at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 689 and 690 (Maud Rise, Southern Ocean)

EPSRC grant EP/L012227/1 - Bentheimer Sandstone
EPSRC grant EP/L012227/1: Development of Unified Experimental and Theoretical Approach to Predict Reactive Transport in Subsurface Porous Media. The effect of pore-scale heterogeneity on non-Darcy flow behaviour is investigated by means of direct flow simulations on 3-D images of Bentheimer sandstone and Estaillades carbonate. The critical Reynolds number indicating the cessation of the creeping Darcy flow regime in Estaillades carbonate is two orders of magnitude smaller than in Bentheimer sandstone, and is three orders of magnitude smaller than in the beadpack. Also available at https://www.digitalrocksportal.org/projects/11, DOI:10.17612/P77P49. Further details can be found in Bagus P. Muljadi, Martin J. Blunt, Ali Q. Raeini, Branko Bijeljic. The impact of porous media heterogeneity on non-Darcy flow behaviour from pore-scale simulation. Advances in Water Resources. 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.05.019.

EPSRC grant EP/L012227/1 - Estaillades Carbonate
EPSRC grant EP/L012227/1: Development of Unified Experimental and Theoretical Approach to Predict Reactive Transport in Subsurface Porous Media. The effect of pore-scale heterogeneity on non-Darcy flow behaviour is investigated by means of direct flow simulations on 3-D images of Estaillades carbonate. The critical Reynolds number indicating the cessation of the creeping Darcy flow regime in Estaillades carbonate is two orders of magnitude smaller than in Bentheimer sandstone, and is three orders of magnitude smaller than in the beadpack. It is inferred from the examination of flow field features that the emergence of steady eddies in pore space of Estaillades at elevated fluid velocities accounts for the early transition away from the Darcy flow regime. Also available at https://www.digitalrocksportal.org/projects/10, DOI:10.17612/P73W2C. Further details can be found in Muljadi et al., Advances in Water Resources (2015), URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.05.019.

EPSRC project data: DiSECCS - Seismic analysis datasets from Sleipner
1. Grids (in spreadsheet form) of interpreted parameters from the 3D time-lapse seismics (temporal and constructed depth thicknesses) at the Sleipner CO2 storage operation in the North Sea. 2. A synthetic seismic model of a CO2 wedge, to examine the relationship between wedge true thickness and temporal thicknesses. These datasets underpin following publications: Chadwick, R.A., Williams, G.A. & White, J.C. 2016. High resolution imaging and characterisation of a CO2 layer at the Sleipner CO2 Storage operation using time-lapse seismics. First Break, 34, 79-87. The source data comprise the Sleipner 3D time-lapse surveys which were acquired in 1994 (baseline), 1999, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008 and 2010. The dataset used here for measuring temporal thicknesses is the 2010 high resolution dataset with constructed depth thicknesses from the 1994 baseline data. Grant number: EP/K035878/1.

EPSRC project final report: Fingerprinting captured CO2 using natural tracers: Determining CO2 fate and proving ownership
Final report for EPSRC project, Fingerprinting captured CO2 using natural tracers: Determining CO2 fate and proving ownership. Grant number: #EP/K036033/1.

EPSRC project paper: New insights from 3D geological models at analogue CO2 storage sites in Lincolnshire and eastern Scotland, UK
Subsurface 3D geological models of aquifer and seal rock systems from two contrasting analogue sites have been created as the first step in an investigation into methodologies for geological storage of carbon dioxide in saline aquifers. Development of the models illustrates the utility of an integrated approach using digital techniques and expert geological knowledge to further geological understanding. The models visualize a faulted, gently dipping Permo-Triassic succession in Lincolnshire and a complex faulted and folded Devono-Carboniferous succession in eastern Scotland. The Permo-Triassic is present in the Lincolnshire model to depths of -2 km OD, and includes the aquifers of the Sherwood Sandstone and Rotliegendes groups. Model-derived thickness maps test and refine Permian palaeogeography, such as the location of a carbonate reef and its associated seaward slope, and the identification of aeolian dunes. Analysis of borehole core samples established average 2D porosity values for the Rotliegendes (16%) and Sherwood Sandstone (20%) groups, and the Zechstein (5%) and Mercia Mudstone (<10%) groups, which are favourable for aquifer and seal units respectively. Core sample analysis has revealed a complex but wellunderstood diagenetic history. Re-interpretation of newly reprocessed seismic data in eastern Scotland has significantly reduced interpretative uncertainty of aquifer and seal units at depths of up to -6 km OD in a complex faulted and folded Devonian-Carboniferous succession. Synthesis of diverse data in the 3D geological model defines a set of growth folds and faults indicative of active Visean to Westphalian dextral-strike slip, with no major changes in structural style throughout the Carboniferous, in contrast to some published tectonic models. Average 2D porosity values are 14-17% in aquifer units and <2% in the seal unit, with a ferroan dolomite cement occluding porosity at depth.

EPSRC project presentation: CONTAIN, Cranfield_Biannual, 21 April 2015
This presentation on the EPSRC project, CONTAIN, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15. Grant number: EP/K036025/1.

EPSRC project presentation: DiSECCS - Diagnostic Seismic Toolbox for the Efficient Control of CO2Storage, Cranfield Biannual, 21 April 2015
This presentation on the EPSRC project, DiSECCS, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15. Grant number: Grant number: EP/K035878/1.

EPSRC project presentation: DiSECCS - Diagnostic Seismic Toolbox for the Efficient Control of CO2Storage, Sheffield Biannual, 4 April 2013
This presentation on the EPSRC project, DiSECCS, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 8.04.13. Grant number: Grant number: EP/K035878/1.

EPSRC project presentation: Fingerprinting captured CO2 using natural tracers: Determining CO2 fate and proving ownership, Cranfield_Biannual, 21 April 2015
This presentation on the EPSRC project, Fingerprinting captured CO2 using natural tracers: Determining CO2 fate and proving ownership, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15. Grant number: EP/K036033/1.

EPSRC project presentation: Illustrations of geological framework & models, reservoir and seal mineralogy research by BGS for WP1 CASSEM project
The CASSEM project developed new methodologies, workflows and insights essential for the successful identification and evaluation of safe and effective CO2 storage sites in offshore saline aquifers. The project selected on-shore and/or near-shore sites from which useful analogue data and information was obtained in order to characterise important aquifer and cap rock systems. Such onshore data acquisition enables key information to be gathered (through outcrop and/or borehole sampling) at much lower cost than could be achieved for long-term offshore storage options.

EPSRC project presentation: ORGMEMT - Organic Mixed Matrix Membrane Technologies for Post-Combustion CO2 Capture, Cranfield Biannual, 21 April 2015
This presentation on the EPSRC project, Organic Mixed Matrix Membrane Technologies (ORGMEMT) for Post-Combustion CO2 Capture, Cranfield Biannual, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15. Grant number: EP/M001342/1.

EPSRC project presentation: Process Intensification for Post-combustion Carbon Capture using Rotating Packed Bed through Systems Engineering, Cranfield Biannual, 21 Apr 2015
This presentation on the EPSRC project, Process Intensification for Post-combustion Carbon Capture using Rotating Packed Bed through Systems Engineering Techniques, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15. Grant number: EP/M001458/1.

EPSRC Project: CASSEM - CO2 Aquifer Storage Site Evaluation and Monitoring
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is a crucial technology to enable the decarbonisation of fossil fuel electricity generation. The UK has considerable potential for geological storage of CO2 under the North Sea and extensive offshore industry experience that could be applied. While initial storage is likely to be undertaken in depleted oil and gas fields, much larger saline aquifer formations are estimated to have sufficient capacity to securely contain 100 years of current UK fossil fuel power plant CO2 emissions. The CO2 Aquifer Storage Site Evaluation and Monitoring (CASSEM) project brings together the experience and different working practices of utilities, offshore operators, engineering contractors, and academic researchers to build collective understanding and develop expertise. CASSEM produced both new scientific knowledge and detailed insight into the CCS industry, developing best-value methods for the evaluation of saline aquifer formations for CO2 storage. Alongside work to assess the storage potential of two saline aquifer formations in close proximity to large coal power plant, CASSEM applied a novel Features, Events and Processes method to explore perceptions of risk in the work undertaken. This identified areas of industry and research community uncertainty and unfamiliarity to enable targeted investment of resource to reduce overall project risk. An openly accessible and flexible full chain (CO2 capture, transport and storage) costing model was developed allowing the CCS community to assess and explore overall costs. CASSEM's work also included the first use of citizen panels in the regions investigated for storage to assess public perception and educate the general public about CCS.

EPSRC Project: CONTAIN - The impaCt of hydrOcarbon depletioN on the Treatment of cAprocks within performance assessment for CO2 InjectioN schemes
The UK is committed to meeting stringent carbon dioxide emission targets over the next 35 years. One potentially valuable technology in achieving this target is the development of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies, where carbon dioxide is captured during power generation and, instead of being released into the atmosphere, is injected into porous rocks underground. Porous rocks, such as sandstone, can act as a 'reservoir' for CO2, which can potentially be stored at depth over long periods of time and kept isolated from the rocks above by a much less porous 'caprock'. The UK has a large 'porosity resource', currently estimated to be of sufficient capacity to store the necessary 2-5 billion tonnes of CO2 to meet 2050 CO2 emission targets. It has been estimated that up to 9 billion tonnes of UK storage capacity come from reservoirs that previously contained hydrocarbons, which have been extracted by the oil and gas industry. This form of CO2 storage has a number of benefits, as the rocks are generally well characterised and there may be pre-existing infrastructure (such as pipelines) suitable for adaption to CO2 injection. However, the process of hydrocarbon extraction, or 'depletion', can significantly impact both the reservoir involved and the surrounding rocks. These activities can potentially cause deformation, movement on faults and/or damage to infrastructure. However, the long term impacts of these activities, particularly when the reservoir is 're-inflated' during injection of CO2, are not well understood and there is limited physical data for specific rock types and scenarios. In order for depleted reservoirs to become a viable national resource, these uncertainties must be addressed. As such, this project is focussed on providing a better understanding of the impact of depletion and reinflation on reservoir and caprock material. It will involve a combined approach, using both laboratory experiments and computer simulation to improve our understanding of this aspect of storage site behaviour. The project seeks to address this key area with a focussed programme of work that will generate a much-needed and unique data-set, new modelling tools and a fuller understanding of the processes involved. The findings will inform regulators and aid operators in reducing the financial and environmental risks of CCS, for depleted storage sites, making the technology more likely to happen. In addition, work will be carried out to examine effective communication with the public, relating to this new technology. Social acceptability represents a major potential barrier to CCS developments, as indicated by protests and moratoria in several countries. It is therefore critical to understand public attitudes and the bases of concern about CCS, and work as effectively as possible to improve understanding and engagement. Work within this project will explore the factors that determine public and stakeholder understanding and acceptability of CCS storage proposals. The lessons and knowledge derived from this work will be summarised in an outreach and engagement toolkit, which will be disseminated to regulators, operators and communication specialists. Grant number: EP/K036025/1.

EPSRC Project: DiSECCS - Diagnostic Seismic toolbox for the Efficient Control of CO2 Storage
The year 2011 recorded the highest ever global consumption of energy, estimated at more than 12 billion tonnes of oil equivalent. Because of this, and despite increasingly widespread deployment of renewable energy generation, annual global emissions of greenhouse gases are continuing to rise, underpinned by increasing consumption of fossil fuels. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is currently the only available technology that can significantly reduce CO2 emissions to the atmosphere from fossil fuel power stations and other industrial facilities such as oil refineries, steel works, cement factories and chemical plants. However, achieving meaningful emissions reduction requires wide deployment of large scale CCS and will involve long term storage of very large volumes of CO2 in the subsurface. Ultimately, if CCS were to be rolled out globally, volumes of injected carbon dioxide could become comparable, on an annual basis, to world hydrocarbon production. The most likely sites for CO2 storage are depleted oil and gas fields or saline aquifers. Understanding and monitoring geomechanical processes within different types of storage site is crucial for site selection, for achieving long term security of storage and for instilling wider confidence in the safety and effectiveness of CCS. In many cases depleted hydrocarbon fields have experienced strong pressure decrease during production which may have affected the integrity of the caprock seal; furthermore, CO2 injection into saline aquifers will displace large volumes of groundwater (brine). In all cases, as injection proceeds and reservoir pressures increase, maintaining the geomechanical stability of the storage reservoir will be of great importance. Understanding and managing these subsurface processes is key to minimising any risk that CO2 storage could result in unexpected effects such as induced earthquakes or damage to caprock seal integrity. Experience from existing large-scale CO2 injection sites shows that monitoring tools such as time-lapse 3D seismic, micro-seismic monitoring and satellite interferometry have the potential to make a significant contribution to our understanding of reservoir processes, including fine-scale flow of CO2, fluid pressure changes, induced seismic activity and ground displacements. The DiSECCS project will bring together monitoring datasets from the world's three industrial scale CO2 storage sites at Sleipner (offshore Norway), Snohvit (offshore Norway) and In Salah (Algeria) to develop and test advanced and innovative monitoring tools and methods for the measurement and characterisation of pressure increase, CO2 migration and fluid saturation changes and geomechanical response. A key element of the research will be to identify those storage reservoir types that will be suitable for large-scale CO2 storage without unwanted geomechanical effects, and to develop monitoring tools and strategies to ensure safe and effective storage site performance. In addition, our research will explore public attitudes to CO2 storage. Grant number: EP/K035878/1.

EPSRC Project: Fingerprinting captured CO2 using natural tracers: Determining CO2 fate and proving ownership
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) has emerged as a promising means of lowering CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion. However, concerns about the possibility of harmful CO2 leakage are contributing to slow widespread adoption of the technology. Research to date has failed to identify a cheap and effective means of unambiguously identifying leakage of CO2 injected, or a viable means of identifying ownership of it. This means that in the event of a leak from a storage site that multiple operators have injected into, it is impossible to determine whose CO2 is leaking. The on-going debate regarding leakage and how to detect it has been frequently documented in the popular press and scientific publications. This has contributed to public confusion and fear, particularly close to proposed storage sites, causing the cancellation of several large storage projects such as that at Barendrecht in the Netherlands. One means to reduce public fears over CCS is to demonstrate a simple method which is able to reliably detect the leakage of CO2 from a storage site and determine the ownership of that CO2. Measurements of noble gases (helium, neon, argon, krypton and xenon) and the ratios of light and heavy stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen in natural CO2 fields have shown how CO2 is naturally stored over millions of years. Noble gases have also proved to be effective at identifying the natural leakage of CO2 above a CO2 reservoir in Arizona and an oil field in Wyoming and in ruling out the alleged leakage of CO2 from the Weyburn storage site in Canada. Recent research has shown amounts of krypton are enhanced relative to those of argon and helium in CO2 captured from a nitrate fertiliser plant in Brazil. This enrichment is due to the greater solubility of the heavier noble gases, so they are more readily dissolved into the solvent used for capture. This fingerprint has been shown to act as an effective means of tracking CO2 injected into Brazilian and USA oil fields to increase oil production. Similar enrichments in heavy noble gases, along with high helium concentrations are well documented in coals, coal-bed methane and in organic rich oil and gas source rocks. As noble gases are unreactive, these enrichments will not be affected by burning the gas or coal in a power station and hence will be passed onto the flue gases. Samples of CO2 obtained from an oxyfuel pilot CO2 capture plant at Lacq in France which contain helium and krypton enrichments well above atmospheric values confirm this. Despite identification of these distinctive fingerprints, no study has yet investigated if there is a correlation between them and different CO2 capture technologies or the fossil fuel being burnt. We propose to measure the carbon and oxygen stable isotope and noble gas fingerprint in captured CO2 from post, pre and oxyfuel pilot capture plants. We will find out if unique fingerprints arise from the capture technology used or fuel being burnt. We will determine if these fingerprints are distinctive enough to track the CO2 once it is injected underground without the need of adding expense artificial tracers. We will investigate if they are sufficient to distinguish ownership of multiple CO2 streams injected into the same storage site and if they can provide an early warning of unplanned CO2 movement out of the storage site. Grant number: EP/K036033/1.

EPSRC Project: ORGMEMT - Organic Mixed Matrix Membrane Technologies for Post-Combustion CO2 Capture
The UK Government has set targets for the reduction of CO2 emissions of 80 % by 2050. Post-combustion capture of CO2 from power plants is key if we are to achieve these targets. Post-combustion CO2 capture is challenging due to the low concentration of CO2 in the waste stream and the presence of impurities (H2O, NOx, SOx, etc). Post-combustion capture adds energetic cost via the requirement to capture and compress the CO2. Amine-based scrubbing processes are being evaluated for post-combustion CO2 capture. This is a costly process, and the amines are corrosive. Other candidate technologies include physical adsorption into solid sorbents coupled with pressure-swing or temperature-swing adsorption/desorption. In principle this may lower the energy overhead, but the volume of sorbent required is extremely large, limiting the range of sensible materials. Membrane-based processes have potential advantages over the above. In particular, there are no losses due to heat required to regenerate and release CO2 from the spent sorbent or solvent, and the footprint for the technology and amount of material required is comparatively small. Here, we will develop advanced mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) technology utilising organic fillers, rather than inorganic fillers, that could be cost-effectively fitted to power plants to separate and capture CO2. There has been much research on inorganic-organic MMMs, using fillers such as zeolites and MOFs. However, it is challenging to achieve a homogeneous dispersion of the inorganic filler particles in the polymer matrix. This is exacerbated by the lack of compatibility between most fillers, which are frequently crystalline inorganic or metal-organic materials, and the membrane polymers, which are invariably amorphous and organic. We build therefore on our unique report of organic-organic MMM (Angew Chem Int Ed, 2013) , where excellent dispersion of the organic filler was found and there was good adhesion between the organic polymer and the organic filler, both of which are predominantly aromatic structures. We address this by bringing together two UK groups who have pioneered in the development of novel porous membranes (Budd) and new microporous organic materials (Adams, Cooper). Grant number: EP/M001342/1.

EPSRC Project: Process Intensification for Post-combustion Carbon Capture using Rotating Packed Bed through Systems Engineering Techniques
The emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere has caused huge concerns around the world, in particular because it is widely believed that the increase in its concentration in the atmosphere is a key driver of climate change. If the current trend in the release of carbon dioxide continues, global temperatures are predicted to increase by more than 4 degrees centigrade, which would be disastrous for the world. With the increase in world population, the energy demand is also increasing. Coal-fired and gas-fired power plants still play a central role in meeting this energy demand for the foreseeable future, even though the share of renewable energy is increasing. These power plants are the largest stationary sources of carbon dioxide. Carbon capture is a technique to capture the carbon dioxide that is emitted in the flue gas from these power plants. This proposal seeks to make a significant improvement in the methods used for carbon capture in order to reduce the total costs. Post-combustion CO2 capture by chemical absorption using solvents (for example, monoethanolamine - MEA) is one of the most mature technologies. The conventional technology uses large packed columns. The cost to build and run the capture plants for power plants is currently very high because: (1) the packed columns are very large in size; (2) the amount of steam consumed to regenerate solvents for recirculation is significant. If we can manage to reduce the size of packed columns and the steam consumption, then the cost of carbon capture will be reduced correspondingly. From our previous studies, we found that mass transfer in the conventional packed columns used for carbon capture is very poor. This proposed research is expected to make very significant improvements in mass transfer. The key idea is to rotate the packed column so that it spins at hundreds of times per minute - a so-called rotating packed bed (RPB). A better mass transfer will be generated inside the RPB due to higher contact area. With an intensified capture process, a higher concentration of solvent can be used (for example 70 wt% MEA) and the quantity of recirculating solvent between intensified absorber and stripper will be reduced to around 40%. Our initial analysis has been published in an international leading journal and it indicates that the packing volume in an RPB will be less than 10% of an equivalent conventional packed column. This proposal will investigate how to design and operate the RPB in order to separate carbon dioxide most efficiently from flue gas. The work will include design of new experimental rigs, experimental study, process modelling and simulation, system integration, scale-up of intensified absorber and stripper, process optimisation, comparison between intensified capture process and conventional capture process from technical, economical and environmental points of view. The research will include an investigation into the optimum flow directions for the solvent and flue gas stream (parallel flow or counter-current) for intensified absorber and the optimum design of packing inside the RPB. The proposal will also compare the whole system performance using process intensification vs using conventional packed column for a CCGT power plant. Based on this, an economic analysis will be carried out to quantify the savings provided by this new process intensification technology. Grant number: EP/M001458/1.

Erbium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Erbium (Er), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Eredar measurements of Erebus lava lake level (NERC Grant NE/N009312/1)
Surface level measurements of the Erebus volcano lava lake, Antarctica. Surface level was measured from a site at the crater rim using the Eredar radar system, a ground-based X-band FMCW radar (described in detail here: https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079177). The dataset contains a single continuous measurement period from 2016 (all times in UTC): 19 Dec 00:35 -> 19 Dec 19:21 Measurements were taken at a rate of ~0.25 Hz, using a 0.16 s 400 MHz bandwidth Linear Frequency Modulated chirp centred at 10.4 GHz, with 10 chirps being averaged for each measurement.

Eredar measurements of Halema'uma'u lava lake level (NERC Grant NE/N009312/1)
Surface level measurements of the Halema'uma'u lava lake, Hawaii. Surface level was measured from a site at the crater rim (19.40452 N 155.27944 W 1125 M a.s.l) using the Eredar radar system, a ground-based X-band FMCW radar (described in detail here: https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079177). Due to technical problems, the radar did not acquire continuously throughout its deployment. The dataset contains three blocks of successful continuous measurement periods (all times in UTC): 10 Jan 22:18 -> 11 Jan 08:46 11 Jan 21:24 -> 12 Jan 22:49 14 Jan 20:27 -> 14 Jan 23:01 Measurements were taken at a rate of ~1 Hz, using a 20 ms 400 MHz bandwidth Linear Frequency Modulated chirp centred at 10.25 GHz.

Esbjerg PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Esbjerg, Denmark. It has been provided by CGG NPA Satellite Mapping as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

eShape test data. Shape file
Testdata for the eShape project

ESPRC project report: Understanding the challenges of CO2 storage: results of the CASSEM Project
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is a crucial technology to enable the decarbonisation of fossil fuel electricity generation. The UK has considerable potential for geological storage of CO2 under the North Sea and extensive offshore industry experience that could be applied. While initial storage is likely to be undertaken in depleted oil and gas fields, much larger saline aquifer formations are estimated to have sufficient capacity to securely contain 100 years of current UK fossil fuel power plant CO2 emissions. The CO2 Aquifer Storage Site Evaluation and Monitoring (CASSEM) project brings together the experience and different working practices of utilities, offshore operators, engineering contractors, and academic researchers to build collective understanding and develop expertise. CASSEM produced both new scientific knowledge and detailed insight into the CCS industry, developing best-value methods for the evaluation of saline aquifer formations for CO2 storage. Alongside work to assess the storage potential of two saline aquifer formations in close proximity to large coal power plant, CASSEM applied a novel Features, Events and Processes method to explore perceptions of risk in the work undertaken. This identified areas of industry and research community uncertainty and unfamiliarity to enable targeted investment of resource to reduce overall project risk. An openly accessible and flexible full chain (CO2 capture, transport and storage) costing model was developed allowing the CCS community to assess and explore overall costs. CASSEM's work also included the first use of citizen panels in the regions investigated for storage to assess public perception and educate the general public about CCS. CASSEM now plans to apply and further develop the methodologies established to test the viability of using a large offshore saline aquifer to store CO2 from multiple sources, leading to the proving of such a store by test injection of CO2.

Estimated Ambient Background Soil Chemistry England and Wales
The Estimated Ambient Background Soil Chemistry England and Wales dataset indicates the estimated geometric mean topsoil Arsenic(As), Cadmium (Cd), Cr (Chromium), Nickel (Ni) and Lead (Pb) concentrations (mg kg-1). The soil chemistry data is based on GBASE (Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment) soil geochemical data where these are available. Elsewhere the stream sediment data are converted to surface soil equivalent potentially harmful element (PHE) concentrations. This dataset covers England and Wales but data is available for the whole of Great Britain, with the exception of the London area where an inadequate number of geochemical samples are available at the moment.

Estimated Ambient Background Soil Chemistry Scotland
The BGS Estimated Ambient Background Soil Chemistry Scotland digital soil chemistry data indicates the estimated geometric mean topsoil concentrations (mg kg-1) of Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni) and Lead (Pb). The soil chemistry data is based on GBASE (Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment) stream sediment data converted to top soil equivalent potentially harmful element(PHE) concentrations. This dataset covers Scotland but data is available for the whole of Great Britain, with the exception of the London area where an inadequate number of geochemical samples are available at the moment.

Estimated Urban Soil Chemistry
The Estimated Urban Soil Chemistry data are derived by spatial interpolation of the Measured Urban Soil Chemistry data. A unique feature of this dataset is the inclusion for the first time of estimated bioaccessible arsenic and lead data. The Estimated Urban Soil Chemistry data indicates the estimated geometric mean concentrations (mg kg-1) of Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Nickel and Lead in topsoil derived by spatial interpolation of the Measured Urban Soil Chemistry data. Estimated bioaccessible As and Pb concentrations are derived using linear regression models of the relationship between total and bioaccessible concentrations. The Estimated Urban Soil Chemistry data can be used to assist Local Planning Authorities to identify those areas where a risk assessment may need to be carried out by developers. Comparison of this spatially referenced geochemical data with information on current or historic land use and geological information might help environmental professionals decide whether high potentially harmful element (PHE) concentrations in topsoils can be attributed to geogenic or anthropogenic sources. The dataset is based on, and limited to, an interpretation of the records in the possession of the BGS at the time the dataset was created. This dataset consists of two shape files Estimated Urban Soil Chemistry (As, Cr, Ni) and Estimated Urban Soil Chemistry (Cd, Pb).

Estimated Urban Soil Chemistry Great Britain (version 1)
The BGS digital estimated urban soil chemistry data (GB_EstimatedUrbanSoilChemistry_v3) indicates the estimated geometric mean concentrations (mg kg-1) of Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni) and Lead (Pb) in topsoil derived by spatial interpolation of the point source urban soil chemistry data. The information is relevant for the first stage of any assessment of risks to human health required by regulatory authorities in relation to land use and also assessing ecological risks. Estimated topsoil PHE (Potentially Harmful Element) concentrations above respective SGVs (Soil Guideline Value) do not necessarily imply a significant health risk but they do highlight the need to consider whether or not there may be a risk. Comparison of this spatially referenced geochemical data set with information on current or historic land use and geological information might help environmental professionals decide whether high PHE concentrations in topsoils can be attributed to geogenic or anthropogenic sources. The dataset is based on, and limited to, an interpretation of the records in the possession of the BGS at the time the dataset was created. An indication of high estimated PHE concentrations in soil does not necessarily mean that an individual site will have a high PHE concentration. Topsoil concentrations in urban areas are frequently characterised by strong spatial variation over short distances so this data should be interpreted and used with caution. The original urban topsoil samples were collected and analysed as part of the BGS Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment (G-BASE) project.

Estuary - lines
The work package aimed to compile and harmonise available information on submerged landscape features by integrating existing records of palaeoenvironmental indicators with interpretations of geomorphology, stratigraphy and type of sediment.

Estuary - polygons
Relict estuary landform defined as a partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it and a free connect to the open sea/ocean. Where know the type of estuary (e.g. fjord, estuary, ria) is included. Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

EU project data: SACS / SACS2 data - Final Regional Digital Grids of the Utsira Sand (1999 - 2002)
Regional property grids of the Utsira Sand based on mapping from 2D regional seismic lines and geophysical logs. Grids include: Top Utsira depth, Base Utsira depth, Utsira isopach, Utsira porosity, Utsira porosity effective thickness, Utsira proportion clean sand. 2 km grid spacing. SACS/SACS2 EU project.

EU Project Report: Best Practice for the Storage of CO2 in Saline Aquifers - Observations and guidelines from the SACS and CO2STORE projects
Many of the research results from the SACS and CO2STORE projects are published in the scientific literature but in a somewhat fragmented form. This report consolidates some of the key findings into a manual of observations and recommendations relevant to underground saline aquifer storage, aiming to provide technically robust guidelines for effective and safe storage of CO2 in a range of geological settings. This will set the scene for companies, regulatory authorities, nongovernmental organisations, and ultimately, the interested general public, in evaluating possible new CO2 storage projects in Europe and elsewhere. The report can be downloaded from http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/2959/.

EU Project Report: Best Practice for the Storage of CO2 in Saline Aquifers -Observations and guidelines from the SACS and CO2STORE projects
Many of the research results from the SACS and CO2STORE projects are published in the scientific literature but in a somewhat fragmented form. This report consolidates some of the key findings into a manual of observations and recommendations relevant to underground saline aquifer storage, aiming to provide technically robust guidelines for effective and safe storage of CO2 in a range of geological settings. This will set the scene for companies, regulatory authorities, nongovernmental organisations, and ultimately, the interested general public, in evaluating possible new CO2 storage projects in Europe and elsewhere. The report can be downloaded from http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/2959/.

EU Project Report: CO2CARE - CO2 Site Closure Assessment Research, Best Practice Guidelines
This report presents a set of pragmatic and workable generic procedures, suggested best practices and other recommendations and observations for the safe and sustainable closure of geological CO2 storage sites. These have been distilled from the results of the CO2CARE project and represent the most important messages that will be of benefit to Regulators, storage site Operators and other stakeholders. The report can be downloaded from http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/512805/

EU Project Report: CO2REMOVE - Quantitative analysis of time-lapse seismic monitoring at the Sleipner CO2 storage operation
The CO2 storage operation at Sleipner in the Norwegian North Sea provides an excellent demonstration of the application of time-lapse surface seismic methods to CO2 plume monitoring under favorable conditions. Injection commenced at Sleipner in 1996 with CO2 separated from natural gas being injected into the Utsira Sand, a major saline aquifer of late Cenozoic age. CO2 injection is via a near-horizontal well at a depth of about 1012 m below sea level (bsl) some 200 m below the reservoir top, at a rate approaching 1 million tonnes (Mt) per year, with more than 11 Mt currently stored. The report can be downloaded at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/9418/.

EU Project Report: Final SACS 1 Report - Saline Aquifer CO2 Storage : a demonstration project at the Sleipner Field. Work area 1 (geology)
Final SACS 1 Report - Saline Aquifer CO2 Storage : a demonstration project at the Sleipner Field. Work area 1 (geology). The report can be downloaded from http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/512807/.

EU Project Report: Choosing good sites for storing CO2 underground Research highlights from the EU FP7 SiteChar Project
The objective of the EU SiteChar Project was to facilitate the implementation of CO2 geological storage in Europe by developing a methodology for the assessment of potential storage sites and the preparation of storage permit applications. Research was conducted through a strong collaboration of experienced industrial and academic research partners aiming to advance a portfolio of sites to a (near-) completed feasibility stage, ready for detailed front-end engineering and design and produce practical guidelines for site characterisation. SiteChar was a 3 year project supported by the European Commission under the 7th Framework Programme. This report introduces the lay reader to the research and concepts developed in the SiteChar project and can be downloaded from

EU Project Report: Multicomponent seismic monitoring of CO2 gas cloud in the Utsira Sand: A feasibility study : Saline Aquifer Co2 Storage Phase 2 (SACS2)
This document is part of the second phase of the Saline Aquifer CO2 Storage (SACS2) project. It describes the results of Task 5.6 of Work Area 5 (Geophysics): Feasibility of multicomponent data acquisition. The aim of this Task is to evaluate the feasibility of multicomponent seismic data for monitoring the development and movement of the CO2 bubble during CO2 injection into the Utsira Sand at the Sleipner Field, North Sea. The report can be downloaded from http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/10270/.

EU Project Report: NASCENT - Natural Analogues for the Geological Storage of CO2, Final Report
This is the final report of the Natural Analogues for the Geological Storage of CO2 in the Geological Environment (NASCENT) project. The NASCENT project has studied natural accumulations of carbon dioxide as analogues of the geological storage of anthropogenic CO2 emissions.

EU Project Report: RISC - Research into Impacts and Safety in CO2 Storage, Final Report
The RISCS (Research into Impacts and Safety in CO2 Storage) project assessed the potential environmental impacts of leakage from geological CO2 storage. Consideration was given to possible impacts on groundwater resources and on near surface ecosystems both onshore and offshore. The aim of the project was to assist storage site operators and regulators in assessing the potential impacts of leakage so that these could be considered during all phases of a storage project (project design, site characterisation, site operation, post-operation and site abandonment, and following transfer of liability back to the state). A secondary objective was to inform policy makers, politicians and the general public of the feasibility and long-term benefits and consequences of large-scale CO2 capture and storage (CCS) deployment. The Final Report can be downloaded from

EU Project Report: SACS - Saline Aquifer CO2 Storage, Best Practice Manual
The SACS Best Practice Manual consists of two parts. The first part outlines the operational experiences gained during the Sleipner CO2 injection operation. The second part consists of recommendations based on the monitoring the Sleipner CO2 injection operation during the SACS project. The report can be downloaded from

EU Project Report: Saline Aquifer CO2 Storage (SACS2). Final report, geological characterisation of the Utsira Sand reservoir and caprocks (Work Area 1)
This report forms part of the international SACS (Saline Aquifer CO2 Storage) project. The project aims to monitor and predict the behaviour of injected CO2 in the Utsira Sand reservoir at the Sleipner field in the northern North Sea, to assess the regional storage potential of the Utsira reservoir, and to simulate and model likely chemical interactions of CO2 with the host rock. This is the final report of Work Area 1 in SACS, whose aims were to provide a full geological characterisation of the Utsira Sand and its caprock. The report summarises the key findings of the component subtasks of Work Area 1. The report also provides references to the various SACS Technical Reports wherein the full details of the scientific work can be found. The report can be downloaded from http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/511461/.

EU Project Report: Saline aquifer CO2 storage : a demonstration project at the Sleipner Field : Work Area 5 (Geophysics) : gravity modelling of the CO2 bubble
This report describes the results of Task 5.1 in SACS2 Work Area 5 (Geophysics). The aim of the Task is to evaluate the applicability of microgravity surveys as a means of monitoring the future subsurface distribution and migration of the Sleipner CO2 bubble. The report can be downloaded from http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/511457/.

EU Project Report: Saline Aquifer CO2 Storage phase 2 (SACS2) : a demonstration project at the Sleipner Field : work area 1 (Geology). Progress report.
Saline Aquifer CO2 Storage Phase 2(SACS2). Work Area 1 (Geology) - Progress Report 1 April to 31 December 2000. The report can be downloaded from http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/511460/.

EU Project Report: SiteChar - Characterisation of European CO2 storage, Final Report
The objective of the EU SiteChar Project was to facilitate the implementation of CO2 geological storage in Europe by developing a methodology for the assessment of potential storage sites and the preparation of storage permit applications. Research was conducted through a strong collaboration of experienced industrial and academic research partners aiming to advance a portfolio of sites to a (near-) completed feasibility stage, ready for detailed front-end engineering and design and produce practical guidelines for site characterisation. SiteChar was a 3 year project supported by the European Commission under the 7th Framework Programme. The Final Report can be downloaded from

EU Project Report: The RISCS Guide - A guide to potential impacts of leakage from CO2 storage
The RISCS guide summarises the conclusions and recommendations developed by the RISCS Consortium, based on four years of research into the potential impacts of leakage from CO2 storage sites. The report has been developed in parallel with the experimental research, field-based investigations, modelling studies and analysis undertaken during the RISCS project. The Report can be downloaded from

EU Project Report: Weyburn - IEA (International Energy Agency) Weyburn CO2 Monitoring and Storage Project Report, Final report of the European research team
The IEA (International Energy Agency) Weyburn Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Monitoring and Storage Project has analysed the effects of a miscible CO2 flood into a carbonate reservoir rock at an onshore Canadian oilfield. Anthropogenic CO2 is being injected as part of an enhanced oil recovery operation. The European research was aimed at analysing longterm migration pathways of CO2 and the effects of CO2 on the hydrochemical and mineralogical properties of the reservoir rock. This report is a synthesis of the principal findings of the European research effort and an assessment of how successfully the project objectives have been met. http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/3682/.

EU Project: CO2CARE - CO2 Site Closure Assessment Research
The CO2CARE (CO2 Site Closure Assessment REsearch) project focused on site closure and preparation for transfer of liability of a CO2 storage project in order to assist regulatory authorities and stakeholders in implementing the EU Directive 2009/31/EC on CO2 Geological Storage. The project, which started in January 2011, was funded by the EU 7th Framework Programme and the industry and ran for a period of three years until December 2013. CO2CARE consisted of an international consortium of 23 partners from Europe, USA, Canada, Japan and Australia, represented by universities, research institutes, and energy companies. In order to incorporate up-to-date results and monitoring data 9 key injection sites in Europe and worldwide formed an integral part of the project: (1) Ketzin, Germany; (2) Sleipner, Norway; (3) K12-B, The Netherlands; (4) Rousse, France; (5) Montmiral, France; (6) Frio, USA; (7) Wallula, USA; (8) Nagaoka, Japan and (9) Otway, Australia. Project website: http://www.co2care.org/

EU Project: CO2GeoNet - Network of Excellence on CO2 Geological Storage
CO2GeoNet is the European scientific authority dealing with all aspects of geological storage of CO2, durably engaged in enabling the safe and efficient deployment of the CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS) technology in order to mitigate climate change and ocean acidification. www.co2geonet.com

EU Project: CO2STORE (On-land long term saline aquifer CO2-storage)
EU is required to reduce its CO2 emissions by 8% by 2008-2012, later deeper cuts are foreseen. CO2 underground storage is one of the few options that can meet these obligations. The present project investigates four new potential cases for CO2-reservoirs, mainly on land. It will continue reservoir simulations and study geochemical reactions to develop final-fate prediction models. This will be supported by new seismic observations. At the same time gravimetrics is introduced as a new method better suited on land. This proposal builds directly on the Thermie/5FP SACS2 project results, which involved monitoring and modelling the injection of CO2 into the Utsira Sand aquifer, at Sleipner gas field, offshore Norway.

EU Project: Joule II - The underground disposal of carbon dioxide
In January 1993, as part of the Joule II Non-nuclear Energy Research Programme, the European Commission initiated a two year study of the potential for the disposal of industrial quantifies of carbon dioxide underground, with a view to reducing emissions to the atmosphere. The participants in the study were the British Geological Survey (UK), TNO Institute of Applied Geoscience (The Netherlands), BRGM (France), CRE Group Ltd (UK), IKU Petroleum Research (Norway), RWE AG (Germany), University of Sunderland Renewable Energy Centre (UK) and Statoil (Norway). The objective of the study was to examine whether carbon dioxide emissions from large point sources such as power stations, could be disposed of safely, economically and with no adverse effects on man and the environment. Project No. CT92-0031.

EU Project: NASCENT - Natural Analogues for the Geological Storage of CO2
In January 1993, as part of the Joule II Non-nuclear Energy Research Programme, the European Commission initiated a two year study of the potential for the disposal of industrial quantifies of carbon dioxide underground, with a view to reducing emissions to the atmosphere. The participants in the study were the British Geological Survey (UK), TNO Institute of Applied Geoscience (The Netherlands), BRGM (France), CRE Group Ltd (UK), IKU Petroleum Research (Norway), RWE AG (Germany), University of Sunderland Renewable Energy Centre (UK) and Statoil (Norway). The objective of the study was to examine whether carbon dioxide emissions from large point sources such as power stations, could be disposed of safely, economically and with no adverse effects on man and the environment. Project No. CT92-0031.

EU Project: Publications: CO2QUEST – Impact of the Quality of CO2 on Storage and Transport
Coordinated by Haroun Mahgerefteh at UCL, the EC funded FP7 CO2QUEST project addressed the main challenges associated with determining the optimal composition and purity of CO2 product streams derived from carbon capture systems for enabling its safe and economic transport and storage. The project brought together academics and major stakeholders to perform computational studies backed-up by large-scale experiments aimed at identifying CO2 mixtures that have the most profound impact on the different parts of the CCS chain. The project ran from March 2013 until June 2016, involving 9 partners across Europe, including from Canada and China. It resulted in over 100 peer reviewed journal publications and conference proceedings, three international conferences and several newsletters, receiving the IChemE Highly Commended Global Process Safety Award in 2016. More information about CO2QUEST including its objectives, deliverables and list of publications may be found at: http://www.co2quest.eu/

EU Project: RISCS - Research into Impacts and Safety in CO2 Storage
The RISCS (Research into Impacts and Safety in CO2 Storage) project assessed the potential environmental impacts of leakage from geological CO2 storage. Consideration was given to possible impacts on groundwater resources and on near surface ecosystems both onshore and offshore. The aim of the project was to assist storage site operators and regulators in assessing the potential impacts of leakage so that these could be considered during all phases of a storage project (project design, site characterisation, site operation, post-operation and site abandonment, and following transfer of liability back to the state). A secondary objective was to inform policy makers, politicians and the general public of the feasibility and long-term benefits and consequences of large-scale CO2 capture and storage (CCS) deployment. RISCS was a 4 year project supported by the European Commission under the 7th Framework Programme. Project website http://www.riscs-co2.eu.

EU Project: SiteChar - Characterisation of European CO2 storage
The objective of the EU SiteChar Project was to facilitate the implementation of CO2 geological storage in Europe by developing a methodology for the assessment of potential storage sites and the preparation of storage permit applications. Research was conducted through a strong collaboration of experienced industrial and academic research partners aiming to advance a portfolio of sites to a (near-) completed feasibility stage, ready for detailed front-end engineering and design and produce practical guidelines for site characterisation. SiteChar was a 3 year project supported by the European Commission under the 7th Framework Programme. Project website http://www.sitechar-co2.eu.

EU Project: Weburn - IEA (International Energy Agency) Weyburn CO2 monitoring and storage project
The IEA (International Energy Agency) Weyburn Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Monitoring and Storage Project has analysed the effects of a miscible CO2 flood into a carbonate reservoir rock at an onshore Canadian oilfield. Anthropogenic CO2 is being injected as part of an enhanced oil recovery operation. The European research was aimed at analysing longterm migration pathways of CO2 and the effects of CO2 on the hydrochemical and mineralogical properties of the reservoir rock.

EU Projects: SACS/SACS2 - Saline Aquifer CO2 Storage - An Offshore Demonstrations at the Sleipner Field
The SACS and SACS2 projects ran sequentially from 1998 to 2002, with the aim of developing research into the potential for large-scale storage of CO2 in underground saline aquifer formations. SACS and SACS2, focussed specifically on scientific aspects of the Sleipner CO2 injection operation. As well as establishing protocols for conventional geological, geochemical and geophysical characterisation and monitoring, significant effort was put into evaluating requirements for the more holistic discipline of site risk assessment.

EuroGeoSource
Harmonized geo-energy, mineral resource and area management data coming from various countries based on key economic and geological parameters

EuroGeoSource services
Harmonized geo-energy, mineral resource and area management data coming from various countries based on key economic and geological parameters

Eurolithos Ornamental stone map
Point map displaying ornamental stone reources in Europe

European cobalt mineralization on land and sea
Spatial distribution of occurrences of Co in European land and sea and respective genetic types.

EUROPEAN FAULTS (test)
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EUROPEAN GEOLOGICAL MAP (test)
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EUROPEAN GEOLOGICAL REGIONS (test)
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EUROPEAN GEOLOGICAL UNITS (test)
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European phosphate mineralization on land and sea
Spatial distribution of occurrences of Phosphor in European land and sea and respective genetic types.

EUROPEAN TECTONIC MAPS (test)
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European Unconventional Oil and Gas Assessment (EUOGA)
Within the European wide EUOGA project 82 hydrocarbon bearing shale formations within 21 countries were assessed for their unconventional resource potential. A stochastic volumetric assessment could be carried out for 49 formations, 15 of which are concluded to hold both shale gas and shale oil, 26 only gas and 8 only oil. The total resource estimation for all assessed shale formations in all countries combined amounts to 89.23 tcm of gas and 31.4 billion barrels of oil in place.

Europium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Europium (Eu), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Evaluation of tropical forests sensitivity to past climate changes (FORSENS) (NERC grant NE/J018562/1)
The dataset is the output of a NERC fellowship aimed to understand the long-term dynamics of tropical vegetation through palaeoecological analysis. For doing this, two sedimentary archives (Laguna Pindo and Laguna Baños) from Ecuador were radiocarbon dated and analysed for pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs, charcoal, chironomids, stable isotopes and XRF of tephra deposits. Each proxy was analysed at different resolution. Laguna Pindo is a mid-elevation lake (1250 m asl) that spans the last 50,000 years. Laguna Baños is an Andean lake located at 3800 m asl and contains sediments representative of the last 6500 years. Both water bodies are very shallow. The data is presented mainly in excel spreadsheets as raw data (except for radiocarbon dating data, which are the PDF files provided by NRCF), without any math treatment or conversion. Publication associated with NERC grant, Frazer Matthews-Bird, Stephen J. Brooks, Philip B. Holden, Encarni Montoya, and William D. Gosling (2016), Inferring late-Holocene climate in the Ecuadorian Andes using a chironomid-based temperature inference model. Clim. Past, 12, 1263-1280, 2016. doi:10.5194/cp-12-1263-2016

Evaporites
Evaporites are crystalline sedimentary rocks that form by the evaporation of natural brines. Having complex mineralogy, there are many varieties of evaporites; the most economically important minerals include: calcite, gypsum, anhydrite, halite, polyhalite, sylvite, carnallite, kainite, kieserite and anhydrite. Although evaporite deposits formed in ancient marine basins are extensive on land, many of these also extend beneath the sea, not only beneath the continental shelves but also under some marginal ocean basins. Present day occurrences of subsea anhydrite, potash and magnesium evaporite deposits have been described along the margins of the Mediterranean Sea as well as in the North Sea and West Baltic Sea.

Evaporites (points)
Evaporites are crystalline sedimentary rocks that form by the evaporation of natural brines. Having complex mineralogy, there are many varieties of evaporites; the most economically important minerals include: calcite, gypsum, anhydrite, halite, polyhalite, sylvite, carnallite, kainite, kieserite and anhydrite. Although evaporite deposits formed in ancient marine basins are extensive on land, many of these also extend beneath the sea, not only beneath the continental shelves but also under some marginal ocean basins. Present day occurrences of subsea anhydrite, potash and magnesium evaporite deposits have been described along the margins of the Mediterranean Sea as well as in the North Sea and West Baltic Sea.

Events and Probabilities
These datasets represent a systematic collection of harmonized data concerning geological events. GIS layers display data on the Portal at a resolution of 1:100,000 and 1:250,000 scale concerning earthquakes, submarine landslides, volcanoes, tsunamis, fluid emissions and Quaternary tectonics, subdivided according to their geometry (polygons, points and lines). They provide information on the type of events which have taken place in the past and might potentially occur again. Where available, details include dimensions, state of activity, morphological type and lithology. The elaboration of guidelines to compile GIS layers was aimed at identifying parameters to be used to thoroughly characterize each event. Particular attention has been devoted to the definition of the Attribute tables in order to achieve the best degree of harmonization and standardization complying with the European INSPIRE Directive. Shapefiles can be downloaded from the Portal and used locally in order to browse through the details of the different features, consulting their Attribute tables. Information contained therein provide an inventory of available data which can be fruitfully applied in the management of coastal areas and support planning of further surveys. By combining the diverse information contained in the different layers, it might be possible to elaborate additional thematic maps which could support further research. Moreover, they potentially represent a useful tool to increase awareness of the hazards which might affect coastal areas. Data sources include detailed information held by the Project Partners plus any further publicly available third-party data (last update Sep. 2021). All products delivered by Partners have been collated, verified and validated in order to achieve the best degree of harmonization and INSPIRE compliance. Each layer is complemented by an Attribute table which provides, in addition to the location, type of geological event and its references (mandatory), further information for each occurrence (where available). Since features considered within WP6 have a scattered distribution, the additional layer “Geological events distribution” provides basic information on areas of occurrences, no occurrences and no data for the marine areas surrounding European countries.

Evidence for the top-down control of lava domes on magma ascent dynamics. (NERC Grant ref NE/L002574/1)
Data output from the numerical flow modelling in GRL manuscript ""Evidence for the top-down control of lava domes on magma ascent dynamics"", by Marsden, L., Neuberg, J. & Thomas, M., all of University of Leeds. The models were created using the Laminar Flow module in COMSOL Multiphysics v5.4 by L. Marsden. The following files are uploaded: Archive_Reference_Model.txt (Reference flow model: Gas loss function, Initial H2O content = 4.5 wt.% Excess pressure at depth = 10 MPa, Constant corresponding to crystal growth rate = 4e-6 s^-1 ) Archive_High_H2O.txt (Gas loss function, Initial H2O content = 10 wt.% Excess pressure at depth = 10 MPa, Constant corresponding to crystal growth rate = 4e-6 s^-1) Archive_No_Gas_Loss.txt (No gas loss, Initial H2O content = 4.5 wt.% Excess pressure at depth = 10 MPa, Constant corresponding to crystal growth rate = 4e-6 s^-1) Archive_Gamma_Low.txt (Gas loss function, Initial H2O content = 4.5 wt.% Excess pressure at depth = 10 MPa, Constant corresponding to crystal growth rate = 1e-6 s^-1) Archive_Excess_Pressure_0MPa.txt (Gas loss function, Initial H2O content = 4.5 wt.% Excess pressure at depth = 0 MPa, Constant corresponding to crystal growth rate = 4e-6 s^-1) Archive_Excess_Pressure_20MPa.txt (Gas loss function, Initial H2O content = 4.5 wt.% Excess pressure at depth = 20 MPa, Constant corresponding to crystal growth rate = 4e-6 s^-1) The files uploaded include the reference flow model and where a single key parameter has been changed in the flow modelling. We include data where the key parameter is at the upper or lower limit of the values tested. Data are not included where magma ascent is modelled to stall without the extrusion of a lava dome, as a time dependent model is not run in this case. A solution is provided using equilibrium modelling only. The following variables are output, at conduit centre unless specified: Depth (m), Time(s), Ascent velocity (m/s), Bulk Viscosity (Pa s), Crystal Content, Dome height (m), Gas Volume Fraction, Overpressure (Pa), Shear Stress at Conduit Wall (Pa)

Evolution of Carbon Cycle Dynamics (eCCD) (NERC grant NE/H022554/1)
The global carbon cycle - how much carbon is stored in its interconnected reservoirs (ocean, atmosphere, plants and soils on land, sediments in the deep sea) as well as the fluxes between them, is not set in stone. We know from the geological record that the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere has varied enormously over the last few hundred million years. The chemistry of the oceans also gradually changes with time and the organisms living within it adjust and evolve. As a result, how the carbon cycle 'works', and particularly, how well (or not) atmospheric CO2 (and hence climate) is regulated in the face of disruption, also changes on geological time-scales. This creates challenges to understanding the causes and consequences of past global warming like events and how such events can be related to potential future changes. Sediments slowly accumulating in the deep ocean reflect what goes on around and above them, both chemically and biologically. Of particular interest to us is the mineral calcium carbonate (CaCO3), which can be found in the form of chalk and limestone rocks today. CaCO3 is used by certain marine organisms for constructing shells and skeletons. Hence, the amount of CaCO3 that in buried in sediments tells us something about ancient organisms and ecosystems. In addition, CaCO3 will start dissolving in seawater if the conditions too are acidic or the depth (and thus pressure) too great. How much CaCO3 originally created by organisms at the surface that escapes dissolution in sediments below to be buried and preserved in the geological record can thus tell us something about the chemistry, depth, and when data from many locations is available, the circulation of the ocean in the past. Looking for subtle changes in the composition of ancient mud in the hundreds and hundreds of meters of sediment core recovered from the ocean floor by drill ship would be a little like looking for a needle in a haystack. However, Nature has been kind to us and the transition from white-colored sediments rich in the carbonate shells of dead marine organisms to clays devoid of carbonate is easy to spot. This point represents a fine balance between the amount of shell material being deposited to the sediments and the rate of dissolution of these shells. Hence, this reflects a certain relationship between surface ocean biological processes and deep ocean chemistry and circulation. Any change in these factors will drive sediments rich in CaCO3 or devoid of any trace of carbonate secreting organisms. In this project we will compile the records from many hundreds of different sediment cores that have been recovered since the 1960s. Will identify the 'balance point' in these cores (if one exists) and combine all the confirmation to reconstruct how this balance point has changed in depth and time in the different ocean basins. Because the age of the sediments in some cores extends back to well before the white cliffs of Dover were deposited, we will start our record there. The interpretation of our curve will not be entirely straightforward, because multiple environmental influences all push and pull the balance point in different directions and with different strengths. We will therefore also use a computer model representation of the Earth's climate and oceans, its carbon cycle, ocean chemistry, and the composition of sediments in the deep sea. We will use this model to explore how the different aspects of the global carbon cycle affect the balance point, and by comparing model predictions to our new curve, interpret how the carbon cycling and the sensitivity of atmospheric pCO2 (and hence climate) to being perturbed by massive greenhouse gas release, has changed over the past 150 million years. Hence we will not only be able to answer the question: do we live in a particularly 'lucky' or 'unlucky' time in terms of how sensitive our global environment is burning fossil fuels, but we will know why.

Evolutionary rise of deep-rooting forests and enhanced chemical weathering: Quantitative investigations into the current paradigm (NERC grant NE/J007897/1)
The co-evolution and geographical spread of trees and deep-rooting systems is widely proposed to represent the 'Devonian engine' of global change that drove the weathering of soil minerals and biogeochemical cycling of elements to exert a major influence on the Earth's atmospheric CO2 history. If correct, this paradigm suggests the evolutionary appearance of forested ecosystems through the Devonian (418-360 Myr ago) constitutes the single most important biotic feedback on the geochemical carbon cycle to emerge during the entire 540 Myr duration of the Phanaerozoic. Crucially, no link has yet been established between the evolutionary advance of trees and their geochemical impacts on palaeosols. Direct evidence that one has affected the other is still awaited, largely because of the lack of cross-disciplinary investigations to date. Our proposal addresses this high level 'earth system science' challenge. The overarching objective is to provide a mechanistic understanding of how the evolutionary rise of deep-rotting forests intensified weathering and pedogenesis that constitute the primary biotic feedbacks on the long-term C-cycle. Our central hypothesis is that the evolutionary advance of trees left geochemical effects detectable in palaeosols as forested ecosystems increased the quantity and depth of chemical energy transported into the soil through roots, mycorrhizal fungi and litter. This intensified soil acidification, increased the strength of isotopic and elemental enrichment in surface soil horizons, enhanced the weathering of Ca-Si and Ca-P minerals, and the formation of pedogenic clays, leading to long-term sequestration of atmospheric CO2 through the formation of marine carbonates with the liberated terrestrial Ca. We will investigate this research hypothesis by obtaining and analysing well-preserved palaeosol profiles from a time sequence of localities in the eastern North America through the critical Silurian-Devonian interval that represents Earth's transition to a forested planet. These palaeosol sequences will then be subjected to targeted geochemical, clay mineralogical and palaeontological analyses. This will allow, for the first time, the rooting structures of mixed and monospecific Mid-Devonian forests to be directly linked to palaeosol weathering profiles obtained by drilling replicate unweathered profiles. Weathering by these forests will be compared with the 'control case' - weathering by pre-forest, early vascular land plants with diminutive/shallow rooting systems from Silurian and lower Devonian localities. These sites afford us the previously unexploited ability to characterize the evolution of plant-root-soil relationships during the critical Silurian-Devonian interval, whilst at the same time controlling for the effects of palaeogeography and provenance on palaeosol development. Applying geochemical analyses targeted at elements and isotopes that are strongly concentrated by trees at the surface of contemporary soils, and which show major changes in abundance through mineral weathering under forests, provides a powerful new strategy to resolve and reconstruct the intensity and depth of weathering and pedogenesis at different stages in the evolution of forested ecosystems. The project is tightly focused on "improving current knowledge of the interaction between the evolution of life and the Earth", which represents one of the three high level challenges within NERC's Earth System Science Theme.

Ex-British Coal Interpretive Collection.
Collection of reports, interpretations and records of research in British coalfield areas deposited by British Coal. Data for past and current collieries and for future prospects. Some 1000 linear feet (300m) of data. Information within the reports date from the 19th Century up to the present day.

Example - Assessment of the CO2 Storage Potential in Czech republic (CO2StoP)
Example - Assessment of CO2 Storage Potential in Czech republic

Example - Assessment of the CO2 Storage Potential in Europe (CO2StoP)
Example - CO2StoP is the acronym for the “CO2Storage Potential in Europe.” project. The CO2StoP project, which started in January 2012 and ended in December 2013, was funded by the European Commission (Project N°: ENER/C1/154-2011-SI2.611598). The project covered data from 27 countries. The results of the study are provided as a database of CO2storage locations throughout Europe, a Data Analysis/Interrogation Tool and GIS, and a tool to compute storage capacities and injection rates (StoreFit). The database is now housed by the Joint Research Centre -European Commission, Petten, the Netherlands.

Example - CO2StoP
Assessment of CO2 Storage Potential in Europe

Example - Mineral deposits and resources
This database contains information on reserved and non-reserved mineral deposits, prognosticated mineral resources, exhausted and abandoned deposits and resources, non-prospective areas, negative results of exploration, and geographic location of mineral resources.

EXAMPLE - Mineral resources
WFS service provides access to basic information about mineral deposits and resources, mineral occurrences and prospects and current mines and mining activity in the Czech Republic. Service was created in the framework of the Minerals4EU project and it is harmonizated according to the INSPIRE requirements.

Example 2 - Mineral information system (SurIS)
A WMS service provides the access to basic information on mineral deposits and prognosticated resources in the territory of the Czech Republic, protected areas of mineral deposits, protected territories for special intervention into the Earth’s crust, exploration areas and mining leases.

Example 3 - Detailed 3D geological model
Structural geological model has been created for the purposes of the deep storage of the radioactive waste in the MOVE software and with the use of archival borehole data, archival and new geological maps and archival and new geophysical measurements.

Example application Pre-Quarternary Map
Example Map Application Pre-Quarternary Map.

Example Elastic Calculations for ElasT Toolkit (NERC Grant NE/M000125/1)
Elastic constants were calculated by using the stress-strain method and density functional theory for crystals of different symmetry. A toolkit was developed to facilitate the input preparation and output processing for elastic calculations using the Vienna Ab Initio Simulation Packge (VASP). The details of the calculation. methods, and the toolkit will be published elsewhere and linked to this deposit. The deposit contains example folders for the monoclinic, orthorhombic, trigonal, tetragonal, hexagonal and cubic lattices. The purpose of this deposit is to provide examples for the toolkit users.

Example for edit - Mineral information system (SurIS)
A WMS service provides the access to basic information on mineral deposits and prognosticated resources in the territory of the Czech Republic, protected areas of mineral deposits, protected territories for special intervention into the Earth’s crust, exploration areas and mining leases.

Example for TESTING - Mineral deposits and resources
This database contains information on reserved and non-reserved mineral deposits, prognosticated mineral resources, exhausted and abandoned deposits and resources, non-prospective areas, negative results of exploration, and geographic location of mineral resources.

Existing and future deep geothermal installations in NWE
Location of the existing and planned deep geothermal installations (updated in April 2023) in North-West Europe including District heating and Electricity plants.

Expedition 363 Site 1490 Nd data. Western Pacific Ocean (NERC grant NE/P016456/1)
Sediment data and Nd data from fish teeth in samples from IODP Site 1490. NERC grant The Late Miocene Climate Enigma: Insights from Expedition 363.

Experimental and numerical data for "Characterising Drainage Multiphase flow in Heterogeneous Sandstones" by Jackson, Krevor et al, 2018
The data presented here contains the experimental X-ray CT dataset used for the paper "Characterising Drainage Multiphase flow in Heterogeneous Sandstones" by Jackson, Krevor et al (DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/WCXNY), along with CMG IMEX modelling files. Core averaged pressure data and saturations, along with 1D saturation profiles are available in the supporting information fle. CT data is provided in the four '..._scans' folders. These contain reconstructed .dicom tomographs from X-ray CT imaging with native resolution 0.234375mm x 0.234375mm. The image thickness is 5mm for the Bentheimer and 3mm for the Bunter. Each files contains 3x scans for each fractional flow. Dry, water, brine equilibrated with CO2 (labelled SW), nitrogen and CO2 background scans are also provided, which are obtained after single phase core flooding. CMG IMEX .dat files contain the necesary input files for CMG IMEX to run the numerical core flood simulations (the low flow rate core flood examples are included). These have associated .inc files for the 3D capillary pressure scaling (the end point of the capillary pressure curve at irreducible water saturation) and the 3D porosity map. These are read into the simulation files on execution. The porosity and capillary pressure files are for the final, full length rock cores used to produce the main figures in the paper (Figure 5 onwards). The outputs from the CMG IMEX simulation can be read into the 3D results viewer where 3D saturations and pressure drops are obtained. This work was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant number: NE/N016173/1).

Experimental and numerical simulation data demonstrating the impact of heterogeneity on the capillary trapping of CO2 in the Captain Sandstone (EPSRC Grant EP/R513052/1)
The supporting data for C. Harris et al., 2021, 'The impact of heterogeneity on the capillary trapping of CO2 in the Captain Sandstone', International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control. We supply experimental and numerical simulation data used in the paper. The supplied codes reproduce each figure. The codes are split into 2 folders, descriptions of each of the folders are given below: 0 - README. This contains detailed instructions on using the supplied files. 1 - Main simulations. This contains the code to produce the main CMG (Computer Modelling Group) simulations outlined in the paper, with various input variable files. 2 - Other figures. This contains the code to produce other figures within the paper which do not rely on numerical simulations, including the experimental data.

Experimental data from brine-CO2 flow-through test and geomechanical assessment test on a 38% porosity synthetic sandstone under shallow storage reservoirs conditions
The spreadsheet gathers the data collected during two experiments conducted on a synthetic sandstone core sample to assess geophysical monitoring techniques, storage capacity evaluation and the geomechanical integrity of shallow CO2 storage reservoirs. The tests were conducted in the rock physics laboratory at the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, during 2016, as part of the DiSECCS project with funding from the United Kingdom's Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC grant EP/K035878/1) and the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). One experiment was a steady state brine-CO2 flow-through test (so called BTFT in the spreadsheet) to simultaneously evaluate storage capacity and identify pore fluid distribution and mechanical indicators during CO2 geosequestration. The confining and pore pressure conditions were similar to those estimated for shallow North Sea - like storage reservoirs, but simulating inflation/depletion cyclic scenarios for increasing brine:CO2 fractional flow rates. The second experiment focused on the assessment of geomechanical changes (the so called GAT in the spreadsheet) during and after CO2 storage activities under the same stress conditions. The data include ultrasonic P- and S-wave velocities and their respective attenuation factors and axial and radial strains in both tests, and electrical resistivity in the case of the flow-through test.

Experimental data from brine-CO2 flow-through test on a 26% porosity synthetic sandstone under shallow storage reservoirs conditions
The spreadsheet gathers the data collected during a brine:CO2 flow-through experiment conducted on a synthetic sandstone core sample to present the capabilities of a novel 'multiflow experimental rig for CO2 experiments' designed and assembled at the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton. The test was configured to assess geophysical monitoring techniques in shallow tight (North Sea-like) CO2 storage sandstone reservoirs. The tests were conducted in the rock physics laboratory at the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, during 2015, as part of the DiSECCS project with funding from the United Kingdom's Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC grant EP/K035878/1) and the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). The experiment was a steady state brine-CO2 flow-through test to replicate CO2 geosequestration conditions and evaluate geophysical monitoring techniques. The confining and pore pressure conditions were similar to those estimated for shallow North Sea - like storage reservoirs, but simulating inflation/depletion cyclic scenarios for increasing brine:CO2 fractional flow rates. The data include ultrasonic P- and S-wave velocities and their respective attenuation factors, axial strains, and electrical resistivity; also relative permeability to both fluids (CO2 and brine) is displayed as a function of pore volume times, associated to increasing CO2 to brine contents in the sample.

Experimental data from brine-CO2 flow-through test on a 45% porosity synthetic sandstone under shallow storage reservoirs conditions
The spreadsheet gathers the data collected during a brine:CO2 flow-through experiment conducted on a weakly-cemented synthetic sandstone core sample using the multiflow experimental rig for CO2 experiments, designed and assembled at the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton. The test was configured to assess geophysical monitoring and deformation of reservoirs subjected to CO2 injection in shallow weakly-cemented (North Sea-like, e.g., Sleipner) CO2 storage sandstone reservoirs. The tests was conducted in the rock physics laboratory at the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, during 2015-2016, as part of the DiSECCS project with funding from the United Kingdom’s Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC grant EP/K035878/1) and the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). The experiment was a steady state brine-CO2 flow-through test in which realistic shallow CO2 geosequestration conditions were simulated, to related geophysical signatures to the hydrodynamic and geomechanical behaviour of the rock sample. The confining and pore pressure conditions were similar to those estimated for shallow North Sea Sleipner-like, storage reservoirs, but simulating inflation/depletion cyclic scenarios for increasing brine:CO2 fractional flow rates. The data include ultrasonic P- and S-wave velocities and their respective attenuation factors, axial, radial and volumetric strains, and electrical resistivity; also relative permeability to both fluids (CO2 and brine) is displayed as a function of pore volume times, associated to increasing CO2 to brine contents in the sample.

Experimental data on tight rock permeability (NERC Grant NE/R017883/1)
The dataset describes the results of high pressure experimental measurements of three contrasting 'tight' rocks; a Bowland Shale, a Haynesville shale and Pennant sandstone. The results are tabulated as a csv file, listing experimental parameters, confining pressure, argon gas pore pressure and permeability. complementary measurements of key petrophysical data are provided - bulk modulus of compressibility, porosity TOC and density.

Experimental direct shear friction dataset for synthetic clay gouges (NERC grant NE/L002469/1)
Friction coefficient and frictional stability (rate & state parameter) data for triaxially compressed direct shear experiments on kaolinite-rich china clay and Mg-montmorillonite fault gouges (<2micron grain size). A total of 19 raw experimental datasets are presented as detailed in the index files: 13 on kaolinite-rich china clay, and 6 on cation-exchanged Mg-Montmorillonite. The raw data files, logged at either 1 or 2Hz, comprise confining pressures, upstream and downstream fluid pressures, force experienced by the direct shear assembly during triaxial compression, and absolute volumes of the confining pressure and fluid pressure reservoirs. Data is provided as measured by gauges in the pressure vessel in Volts, and also as calculated in MPa, kN and mm3. Also presented are the outputs of MATLAB models run to simulate the rate and state parameters k, a, b, dc and f0 for each experiment, with error data presented as 2sigma and standard error values. Parameters were determined using a non-linear least-squares fitting routine with the machine stiffness treated as a fitting parameter (c.f. Noda and Shimamoto, 2009). Data were fit by a single set of state variables (a, b, dc) with a linear detrend. Also presented are the outputs of Specific Thermogravimetric Analyses on kaolinite-rich china clay and Mg-montmorillonite.

Experimental friction data for different grain size quartz gouges under different effective normal stresses (NERC Grant NE/P002943/1)
The data are from a suite of friction experiments performed on 3 different grain size quartz gouges (5, 15 and 30 microns). The quartz gouge layers were sheared under a range of effective normal stresses (40-120 MPa), at a displacement rate of 1 micron/s, and the evolution of shear stress was monitored with increasing displacement (up to a maximum displacement of 8.5 mm). The gouges typically exhibit a transition from stable sliding, where the gouge layers shear in a continuous smooth fashion, to unstable sliding with displacement, where the gouges exhibit stick-slip behaviour. The transition from stable to unstable sliding occurs more efficiently in fine-grained quartz gouges and is promoted by high effective normal stresses.

Experimental friction data for simulated Nankai Trough gouges sheared under a range of effective normal stress and pore-fluid pressure conditions (NERC Grant NE/S015531/1)
The data are from a suite of friction experiments performed on simulated gouges from the Nankai Trough (Japan). The simulated gouges were prepared by crushing cuttings of Nankai accretionary sediments collected during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 358. The cuttings were crushed to produce a powder (i.e. simulated gouge) with a grain size of >125 microns. These simulated gouges were sheared under a range of effective normal stress (10-75 Mpa) and pore-fluid pressure (5-75 Mpa) conditions while the sliding velocity was stepped between 0.3 and 3 microns/s to calculated the rate-and-state friction parameter (a-b). The Nankai gouge are strongly rate-strengthening and become more rate-strengthening (i.e. more frictionally stable) at elevated pore-fluid pressure. In contrast, varying the effective normal stress has minimal effect on the frictional stability of the gouges.

Experimental friction dataset for heterogeneous and homogeneous mixed quartz-clay fault gouge layers (NERC Grant NE/P002943/1)
The data are from a suite of friction experiments performed on simulated fault gouges comprised of clay-quartz mixtures, sheared in a direct-shear arrangement. Some experiments were performed on gouge layers comprised of adjacent patches of kaolinite-clay and quartz (i.e. heterogeneous gouge layers), whereas others were performed on homogeneous mixtures of the two materials (i.e. homogeneous gouge layers). More information on the different types of experiment is provided in the accompanying metadata for this dataset. The relative proportions of clay and quartz were varied in different experiments. All experiments were performed at an effective normal stress of 40 MPa. The sliding velocity was stepped between 0.3 and 3 microns/s every 1 mm of displacement to calculated the rate-and-state friction parameter (a-b). The evolution of shear stress was monitored with increasing displacement (up to a maximum displacement of 8.5 mm).

Experimental mechanical data for single crystal shear experiments (NERC grant NE/M000087/1)
Experimental mechanical data for single crystal shear experiments. Grant abstract: In 2011, NERC began a scoping exercise to develop a research programme based around deep Earth controls on the habitable planet. The result of this exercise was for NERC to commit substantial funding to support a programme entitled "Volatiles, Geodynamics and Solid Earth Controls on the Habitable Planet". This proposal is a direct response to that call. It is widely and generally accepted that volatiles - in particular water - strongly affect the properties that control the flow of rocks and minerals (their rheological properties). Indeed, experiments on low-pressure minerals such as quartz and olivine show that even small amounts of water can weaken a mineral - allowing it to flow faster - by as much as several orders of magnitude. This effect is known as hydrolytic weakening, and has been used to explain a wide range of fundamental Earth questions - including the origin of plate tectonics and why Earth and Venus are different. The effect of water and volatiles on the properties of mantle rocks and minerals is a central component of this NERC research programme. Indeed it forms the basis for one of the three main questions posed by the UK academic community, and supported by a number of international experts during the scoping process. The question is "What are the feedbacks between volatile fluxes and mantle convection through time?" Intuitively, one expects feedbacks between volatiles and mantle convection. For instance, one might envisage a scenario whereby the more water is subducted into the lower mantle, the more the mantle should weaken, allowing faster convection, which in turn results in even more water passing into the lower mantle, and so on. Of course this is a simplification since faster convection cools the mantle, slowing convection, and also increases the amount of volatiles removed from the mantle at mid-ocean ridges. Nevertheless, one can imagine many important feedbacks, some of which have been examined via simple models. In particular these models indicate a feedback between volatiles and convection that controls the distribution of water between the oceans and the mantle, and the amount topography created by the vertical movement of the mantle (known as dynamic topography). The scientists involved in the scoping exercise recognized this as a major scientific question, and one having potentially far reaching consequences for the Earth's surface and habitability. However, as is discussed in detail in the proposal, our understanding of how mantle rocks deform as a function of water content is remarkably limited, and in fact the effect of water on the majority of mantle minerals has never been measured. The effect of water on the flow properties of most mantle minerals is simply inferred from experiments on low-pressure minerals (olivine, pyroxenes and quartz). As argued in the proposal, one cannot simply extrapolate between different minerals and rocks because different minerals may react quite differently to water. Moreover, current research is now calling into question even the experimental results on olivine, making the issue even more pressing. We propose, therefore, a comprehensive campaign to quantify the effect of water on the rheological properties of all the major mantle minerals and rocks using a combination of new experiments and multi-physics simulation. In conjunction with 3D mantle convection models, this information will allow us to understand how the feedback between volatiles and mantle convection impacts on problems of Earth habitability, such as how ocean volumes and large-scale dynamic topography vary over time. This research thus addresses the aims and ambitions of the research programme head on, and indeed, is required for the success of the entire programme.

Experimental melt data (NERC grant NE/J019372/2)
Major and trace element data for partial melts derived from high pressure-temperature experiments on a basaltic starting composition from the Ontong Java Oceanic Plateau.

Experimental petrology and monitoring observations from the 2014 Kelud, Indonesia (NERC grant NE/N014286/1)
Here, we provide data corresponding to the experimental conditions used, the results gained via electron microprobe for natural and experimental volcanic samples. Mass balance calculations and a compilation of monitoring data for recent explosive eruptions.

Experimental work on Ivrea ultramafic pipe material (NERC Grants NE/M010848/1, NE/M011615/1)
Results of piston cylinder experiments on lower-crustal material from the Ivrea Zone, Italian Alps. Natural sulfides and sulfide-silicate mixes from lower crustal cumulates were heated and pressurised to conditions matching those of the MASH zone, which is hypothesised to be the source of metals for post-collisional porphyry Cu deposits. This was done in order to simulate partial melting and examine the mobility of metals in this environment. This data contains experimental logs stating the experimental conditions; reflected light photographs of the experimental capsules; scanning electron microscope element maps and identification of platinum group minerals and precious metal minerals in the capsules; and trace element concentration of sulfides in the capsules. This data was collected as part of the TeaSe consortium NERC grant in order to test hypotheses about porphyry Cu deposit formation. This data was collected by researchers at Cardiff University and the University of Edinburgh.

Exploration areas
The database contains information on approvals of exploration for reserved minerals. This includes the information on the spatial delimitation of the exploration area, on the mineral for which the exploration was approved, on the validity of this approval and on the organization. Also listed as “Registry of Exploration Areas”.

Exploration areas
Open dataset contains information on approvals of exploration for reserved minerals. This includes the information on the spatial delimitation of the exploration area, on the mineral for which the exploration was approved, on the validity of this approval and on the organization.

Exploring the hidden shallows: inner-shelf reef growth and future trajectories of reef geomorphic change (NERC grant NE/J023329/1)
Four datasets for NERC grant NE/J023329/1, Paluma Shoals reef complex, Halifax Bay, central Great Barrier Reef, Australia. DATASET 1: Single Beam acoustic survey data. This dataset comprises the single beam acoustic data that was collected from transects across the Paluma Shoals reef complex, Halifax Bay, central Great Barrier Reef, Australia. The dataset comprises of depth measurements (m) and the latitudinal and longitudinal coordinates of 58,255 point samples across the study area. The dataset was used to construct Figure 1C in Morgan, K. M., Perry, C. T., Smithers, S. G., Johnson, J. A., & Daniell, J. J. (2016). Evidence of extensive reef development and high coral cover in nearshore environments: implications for understanding coral adaptation in turbid settings. Scientific Reports, 6. DATASET 2: Paluma Shoals core data (sedimentology and palaeoecology This dataset includes all collected sedimentary and coral palaeoecological data collected from cores from across the Paluma Shoals Reef Complex, Halifax Bay, central Great Barrier Reef, Australia. This includes 1) a list of the cores recovered, their geographic location and their depths; 2) data on the mud and carbonate content of the sediment matrix from each core; 3) grainsize data from each core; 4) data from thin section analysis from each delineated facies in cores; and 5) downcore data on coral constituent abundance. DATASET 3: Core radiocarbon dates This dataset comprises the radiocarbon dates obtained from coral samples from cores collected across the Paluma Shoals Reef Complex, Halifax Bay, central Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Dates are from the NERC Radiocarbon dating lab (SUERC) in East Kilbride. DATASET 4: Benthic video imagery This dataset comprises screen grab images collected along towed transects across the Paluma Shoals reef complex, Halifax Bay, central Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Each image has the relevant lat, long coordinates printed on the top right hand corner. The sites names (folders) relate to the sites described in the following paper: Morgan KM, Perry CT, Smithers SG, Daniell JJ and Johnson JA (2016) Extensive reef development within the “mesophotic” nearshore Great Barrier Reef: Evidence for intra-regional variations in coral resilience. Scientific Reports 6:29616. DOI: 10.1038/srep29616

Extend of the study area DGE-ROLLOUT, Upper Rhine Graben

Extremal forecast of latitude, longitude and intensity of the geomagnetic dipole between 2019 and 2119 (NERC Grant NE/P016758/1)
This dataset contains extremal forecast of latitutude (lat), longitude (lon) and intensity of the geomagnetic dipole between 2019 and 2119. The geomagnetic dipole is evolved by a fluid flow at the core-mantle boundary that maximises the rate-of-change of the dipole latitude. The forecast is calculated from the year 2019 assuming that the geomagnetic field is described by the CHAOS-7 dataset. The optimisation procedure is described in https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11080318

Facies map of Dinantian (Lower Carboniferous) in NWE
The facies map represents the main sedimentary environment deposit of the Dinantian (Lower Carboniferous) in NWE. It was compiled after the palaeogeographic maps of Van Hulten (2012) https://popups.uliege.be/1374-8505/index.php?id=3778), Smit et al. (2018) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.01.004), and Arndt et al. (2020) https://www.gd.nrw.de/zip/scriptumonline-16_2020-09.pdf.

Falkland Islands Mapping
The dataset comprises maps and aerial photographs of the Falkland Islands. The maps are printers films and final paper printed originals of Falkland Islands OS maps, compiled for the Falkland Islands Government and the Foreign and Commonwealth Office by the Overseas Directorate of the Ordnance Survey. They were discarded by the Ordnance Survey around 2004, and offered to BGS for storage on behalf of the Falkland Islands Government. The Falkland Islands Government retains copyright interest in the maps. There are no access or usage constraints for BGS staff for BGS purposes. The aerial photographs and associated paper overlays represent copies of field slips of geological maps that were compiled by BGS under contract to the Falkland Islands Government. Copyright remains with the Falkland Islands Government , but there are no access or usage constraints for BGS staff for BGS purposes. Access to both datasets are restricted to BGS staff.

Fault lubrication during earthquake propagation in thermally unstable rocks (NERC Grant NE/H021744/1)
Fault lubrication during earthquake propagation in thermally unstable rocks in Central Italy Fieldwork pictures Fucino Basin Fault system: Castel di Monte fault Parasano fault Rocca Casale fault Venere fault Fieldwork pictures L’Aquila Fault System: Assergi fault Bitumen quarry Campo Imperatore Magnola fault Panoramic view Pettino fault Piani di pezza fault Vado di Corno fault Raw data from friction experiments. Links to associated papers: https://doi.org/10.1130/G35272.1 https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JB011914 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2013.10.008 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.09.001 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.09.002 http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/focus062013.1

Fault seal analysis of a natural CO2 reservoir - extended abstract for 'The Fourth International Conference on Fault and Top Seals', Almeria, Spain
The data consists of an extended abstract submitted to 'The Fourth International Conference on Fault and Top Seals', Almeria, Spain, 20-24th September 2015. The abstract describes work carried-out on behalf of the 'Fault seal controls on CO2 storage capacity in aquifers' project funded by the UKCCS Research Centre, grant number UKCCSRC-C1-14. The CO2-rich St. Johns Dome reservoir in Arizona provides a useful analogue for leaking CO2 storage sites, and the abstract describes an analysis of the fault-seal behaviour at the site.

Fault seal analysis of a natural CO2 reservoir - poster presented at 'The Fourth International Conference on Fault and Top Seals', Almeria, Spain
The data consists of a poster presented at 'The Fourth International Conference on Fault and Top Seals', Almeria, Spain, 20-24th September 2015. The poster describes work carried-out on behalf of the 'Fault seal controls on CO2 storage capacity in aquifers' project funded by the UKCCS Research Centre, grant number UKCCSRC-C1-14. The CO2-rich St. Johns Dome reservoir in Arizona provides a useful analogue for leaking CO2 storage sites, and the abstract describes an analysis of the fault-seal behaviour at the site as well as at the UK Fizzy and Oak CO2-rich gas Fields

Fault seal analysis of a natural CO2 reservoir in the Southern North Sea - Conference paper presented at 12th 'Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies' conference
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Fault seal controls on storage capacity, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-14.

Fault seal analysis of a natural CO2 reservoir in the Southern North Sea - Poster presented at the twelfth 'Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies' conference.
The data consists of a poster presented at the twelfth 'Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies' conference (GHGT-12), held in Austin, Texas, on the 6-9th October 2014. The psoter describes work carried-out on behalf of the 'Fault seal controls on CO2 storage capacity in aquifers' project funded by the UKCCS Research Centre, grant number UKCCSRC-C1-14. The geomechanical and fault seal analysis of the naturally CO2-rich Fizzy Field in the UK Southern North Sea is investigated.

Fault Seal controls on aquifer CO2 storage capacity UKCCSRC – Third and final annual report project update
The data consists of a short project update for the 2015/16 annual report and the final report for the project. The update describes work carried-out on behalf of the 'Fault seal controls on CO2 storage capacity in aquifers' project funded by the UKCCS Research Centre, grant number UKCCSRC-C1-14. The report details the latter stages of the project, the final conclusions and results dissemination throughout the project.

Fault seal controls on security of CO2 storage in aquifers - abstract for 'The Geology of Geomechanics' conference, Geological Society, London
The data consists of an abstract submitted to 'The Geology of Geomechanics' conference, held at Burlington House, London by the Geological Society on 28-29 October, 2015. The abstract describes an overview of work carried-out on behalf of the 'Fault seal controls on CO2 storage capacity in aquifers' project funded by the UKCCS Research Centre, grant number UKCCSRC-C1-14. The CO2-rich natural gas accumulations of the Fizzy and Oak fields are examined for their fault-seal potential, in particular accounting for the impact of IFT and contact angle on capillary threshold pressures. Results of an in situ stress study for the Inner Moray Firth is also presented, with results being applied to a geomechanical stability analysis of faults affecting the Captain Sandstone saline aquifer formation.

Fault seal controls on security of CO2 storage in aquifers - poster presented at 'The Geology of Geomechanics' conference, Geological Society, London
The data consists of a poster presented at 'The Geology of Geomechanics' conference, held at Burlington House, London by the Geological Society on 28-29 October, 2015. The poster describes an overview of work carried-out on behalf of the 'Fault seal controls on CO2 storage capacity in aquifers' project funded by the UKCCS Research Centre, grant number UKCCSRC-C1-14. The CO2-rich natural gas accumulations of the Fizzy and Oak fields are examined for their fault-seal potential, in particular accounting for the impact of IFT and contact angle on capillary threshold pressures. Results of an in situ stress study for the Inner Moray Firth is also presented, with results being applied to a geomechanical stability analysis of faults affecting the Captain Sandstone saline aquifer formation.

Fault Seal Controls on Storage Capacity - presentation presented at the '1st Young North Sea CCS Researchers meeting', Rotterdam, Netherlands.
The data consists of a presentation presented at the '1st Young North Sea CCS Researchers meeting', Rotterdam, Netherlands, 18th June 2014. The presentation describes work carried-out on behalf of the 'Fault seal controls on CO2 storage capacity in aquifers' project funded by the UKCCS Research Centre, grant number UKCCSRC-C1-14. The presentation provides an overview of the aims of the project, and gives some context to the initial studies of fault seal behaviour at natural gas fields, as analogues for geological storage sites.

Fault slip potential for Horn River Basin hydraulic fracturing-induced seismicity (NERC Grant NE/R018006/1)
This dataset contains a catalogue of in-situ models for a fault activated by hydraulic fracturing in the Horn River Basin in July 2011. These were created as a part of Kettlety et al. (2019), wherein a Monte Carlo analysis was used to assess fault stability. See attached readme file for more details.

Faults
Zones, where rocks have been broken and displaced. Faults, which may cause geotechnical problems while drilling or problems with cementation for closed loop systems.

Faults - OneGeology-Europe
The Tectonic Map of Switzerland 1:500,000 illustrates the structural and tectonic units of the entire area of Switzerland and adjoining regions: here only the tectonic faults are illustrated. It constitutes an excellent tool for discovering Switzerland geologically and for understanding its environment. It is also an essential aid for education in the earth and environmental sciences. This product is part of the GeoMaps 500 series. It is available as a printed map (folded or plano), pixelmap or vector dataset. For more information on the availability and the format of this product please visit our Geological Data Viewer (www.geologieviewer.ch). This layer is specifically tailored to the Project OneGeology Europe.

Fe isotope data constraining the evolution of the Galápagos mantle plume (NERC Grant NE/V000411/1)
The data consists of Fe-isotope ratio measurements, expressed in permil notation (δ57Fe) relative to the international standard IRMM-014 following standard practise. The measurements are of bulk rock samples and the sample set consisted of a suite of well-characterized basalts and picrites from three periods in the evolution of the Galápagos plume, from the approximately 70- to 90-Ma plume head [Tortugal, Curaçao (Lesser Antilles), and Gorgona Island (Colombia)], 60- to 70-Ma head-tail transitional accreted terranes [Quepos (Costa Rica) and Azuero Peninsula (Panama)], and modern (<2 Ma) steady-state plume. The samples were provided by collaborators Esteban Gazel (Central American samples) and Dennis Geist (Galapagos) in powder form. Original data on the samples can be found in the following references: D. J. Geist, T. R. Naumann, J. J. Standish, M. D. Kurz, K. S. Harpp, W. M. White, D. J. Fornari, Wolf Volcano, Galápagos Archipelago: Melting and magmatic evolution at the margins of a mantle plume. J. Petrol. 46, 2197–2224 (2005). M. D. Kurz, J. Curtice, D. Fornari, D. J. Geist, M. Moreira, Primitive neon from the center of the Galápagos hotspot. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 286, 23–34 (2009). J. Trela, E. Gazel, A. V. Sobolev, L. Moore, M. Bizimis, B. Jicha, V. G. Batanova, The hottest lavas of the Phanerozoic and the survival of deep Archaean reservoirs. Nat. Geoscience 10, 451–456 (2017). J. Trela, C. Vidito, E. Gazel, C. Herzberg, C. Class, W. Whalen, B. Jicha, M. Bizimis, G. E. Alvarado, Recycled crust in the Galápagos Plume source at 70 Ma: Implications for plume evolution. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 425, 268–277 (2015). Iron separation and isotope measurements were performed at the Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge following established procedures such as those described in the following papers: H. M. Williams, M. Bizimis, Iron isotope tracing of mantle heterogeneity within the source regions of oceanic basalts. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 404, 396–407 (2014). C. R. Soderman, S. Matthews, O. Shorttle, M. G. Jackson, S. Ruttor, O. Nebel, S. Turner, C. Beier, M.-A. Millet, E. Widom, M. Humayan, H. M. Williams, Heavy δ57Fe in ocean island basalts: A non-unique signature of processes and source lithologies in the mantle. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 292, 309–332 (2021). Measurements were made on a Neptune Plus multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (MC-ICPMS) in wet plasma, with typical 2 SEs on multiple δ57/54Fe measurements of the same sample better than 0.02‰ and measurements of reference materials in agreement with accepted values. Data table S1 gives the measured Fe isotope data, along with a compilation of selected literature major and trace element used in this study. Data table S2 gives the measured Fe isotope data for the geological reference materials used during analytical sessions. Data table S3 gives the range of calculated primary Fe isotope compositions for each locality. For more information see published paper, Caroline R. Soderman et al. ,The evolution of the Galápagos mantle plume. Sci. Adv.9,eadd5030(2023).DOI:10.1126/sciadv.add5030

Fe speciation data (FeHR/FeT, and FePy/FeHR) (NERC grant NE/M001156/1)
Data produced from NERC Grant NE/M001156/1 - Fe speciation data (FeHR/FeT, and FePy/FeHR), collected following methods outlined in Izon et al., 2017, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS); % Carbonate, determined gravimetrically; d34SV-CDT for sedimentary pyrite, analysed by Iso-Analytical Laboratories, Cheshire, using standard EA-IRMS techniques; d15N of bulk rock, analysed by nano-EA-IRMS, following methods described in Polissar et al., 2009, Analytical Chemistry; d15N of kerogen extracted following the methods described in Zerkle et al., 2017, Nature, analysed by nano-EA-IRMS; d13C of organic carbon, measured on decarbonated rock powders by standard EA-IRMS techniques; %TN and TON % determined by standard EA-IRMS of bulk rock and extracted kerogen, respectively. Drill core samples were taken through the 2.7Ga old Manjeri Formation of the Belingwe Greenstone belt, Zimbabwe, which overlies more ancient gneissic basement with very well-exposed unconformity (Bickle et al. 1975). The Manjeri Formation, typically 50-150m thick, exhibits a deepening succession of facies (Grassineau et al., 2002, Hunter et al., 1998). It is directly overlain by komatiitic basalts and komatiites of the Reliance Fm., dated at 2692±9 Ma (Pb-Pb whole rock; Chauvel et al., 1993). The metamorphic grade of the Manjeri succession is variable, but generally remarkably low (Abell et al. 1981). Three drill cores were taken in the Manjeri Formation. The NERCMAR drill core has been described in detail by Grassineau et al., 2002. Drill cores A and B were collected some km to the north, in the upper Manjeri Formation.

Feasibility study into Quantum Technology-based Gravity Sensing for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage
This study was carried out jointly by the University of Birmingham and the British Geological Survey. The report addresses the feasibility of using novel quantum-technology-based gravity sensors to monitor underground CO2 storage. Of particular interest is the applicability to upcoming near-surface leak monitoring trials that the British Geological Survey will be conducting at its test site. UKCCSRC Flexible Funding 2021: Feasibility study into Quantum Technology based Gravity Sensing for CCS

Fennoscandian Ore Deposit Database
The public-domain FODD contains data on more than 900 metal mines, unexploited deposits and significant mineral occurrences within Fennoscandia . It covers the Precambrian shield and the Caledonides of Norway, Sweden, Finland and NW Russia).

Ferromanganese oxides nitrogen isotopes (NERC Grant NE/V010824/1)
Measurements of nitrogen and carbon abundances and isotopic ratios for deep-marine ferromanganese crusts and nodules from the modern ocean. This reservoir has not previously investigated as an archive of nitrogen isotopes. The results reveal unusually negative values, interpreted as evidence of partial ammonium oxidation succeeded by adsorption of nitrogen oxides to the mineral surface. More details can be found in Stüeken , E E & Bau , M 2023 , Geochemical Perspectives Letters , vol. 25 , pp. 13-17 . https://doi.org/10.7185/geochemlet.2308 Geographical extent: Central Pacific seafloor, between Kiribati and Wallis and Futuna (0° – 10° S and 175° E – 175° W)

FIB-SEM and X-ray micro-tomographic images of carbonate rock dissolution during reactive CO2-saturated brine injection under reservoir conditions
The datasets contain FIB-SEM and X-ray micro-tomographic images of a wettability-altered carbonate rock sample before and after dissolution with reactive CO2-saturated brine at reservoir pressure and temperature conditions. The data were acquired with the aim of investigating CO2 storage in depleted oil fields that have oil-wet or mixed-wet conditions. Our novel procedure of injecting oil after reactive transport has revealed previously unidentified (ghost) regions of partially-dissolved rock grains that were difficult to identify in X-ray tomographic images after dissolution from single fluid phase experiments. The details of image files and imaging parameters are described in readme file.

Field and analytical data from Tipperary CO2 seep, Daylesford, Australia (2017)
This dataset contains: 1. An excel spreadsheet of field data from Tipperary pool, including CO2 bubble locations, raw and derived flux data, and field description. March 2017 field campaign. 2. Python scripts for two point correlation function, a spatial statistical method used to describe the spatial distribution of points, and applied to Tipperary pool CO2 bubbling points to determine geological control on their distribution. As reported in: Roberts, J.J., Leplastrier, A., Feitz, A., Bell, A., Karolyte, R., Shipton, Z.K. Structural controls on the location and distribution of CO2 leakage at a natural CO2 spring in Daylesford, Australia. IJGHGC.

Field data and measurements of pseudotachylytes and mylonites (NERC grant NE/P001548/1)
The database contains field measurements and field descriptions of pseudotachylytes and mylonites that formed at lower crustal conditions and that are now exposed on the Nusfjord ridge, Lofoten, northern Norway. The field measurements were used to derive earthquake source parameters associated with the generation of the Nusfjord pseudotachylytes.

Field notebooks associated with geological survey and sample collection (for palynological analysis) of Ordovician -Devonian deposits from North Wales and Scotland (1/10/2017-30/6/2021) (NERC Grant NE/R001324/1)
This database comprises field notebooks reporting geological field work associated with NERC Standard Grant NE/R001324/1 from 1/10/2017 – 30/6/2021. The fieldwork involved examination of Ordovician – Devonian sequences from North Wales and Scotland. Samples were collected for palynological analysis. Palynological processing involves the recovery of organic-walled microfossils by hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acid maceration. Details of other non-NERC-funded fieldwork undertaken during this period is included in the field notebooks.

Field notes from Iceland (NERC grant NE/P002331/1)
Direct geological observations made during field work, tied to positional information collected by hand-held GPS.

Field photographs of rock formations or modern precipitates from the sedimentary environment (NERC Grant NE/M010953/1)
Field photographs of rock formations or modern precipitates from the sedimentary environment. Samples were collected throughout the UK. This data was collected between February 2019 and November 2019. This data was collected to better understand the low temperature cycling of Telurium (Te) and Sellenium (Se) in the geological environment. For example, a range of ochre samples were included in this data. Ochres are a modern precipitate commonly found in rivers and streams which flow through geographical areas with a history of mining resources which are rich in sulphides. Iron from the sulphides are leached out and deposited downstream, coating river and stream beds, giving a red, yellow or orange colouration. Ochres can be a sink for trace metals such as Te and Se, therefore studying these environments could be informative from a resource perspective but also from an environmental hazard perspective. This data would be useful for researchers who require reference photographs for similar studies or as an aid for resampling.

Field photographs showing sedimentology, sediment and porewater collection techniques, coastal Abu Dhabi, UAE (NERC Grant NE/L011050/2)
Field photographs showing sedimentology, sediment and porewater collection techniques, coastal Abu Dhabi, UAE. Collected as part of NERC Grant NE/L011050/2: Rethinking carbonate diagenesis: clues to past carbon cycling from an overlooked carbon sink.

Fission track and U-Th-He data used to test HeFTy and QTQt thermal history modelling software. (NERC grant NE/K003232/1)
Fission track and U-Th-He data used to test HeFTy and QTQt thermal history modelling software. Longmen Shan, Szechuan Province, China. Data received from NERC grant NE/K003232/1 4He/3He laser microprobe analysis: a disruptive new technology for in-situ U-Th-He thermochronology. Three HeFTy input files and two QTQt input files containing fission track lengths and U-Th-He data needed to reproduce Figures 7 and 8 of Vermeesch and Tian (2014, doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.09.010)

Five Deeps Expedition to map the Diamantina Fracture Zone (Indian Ocean)
The Dordrecht Deep, the deepest section of the Diamantina Fracture Zone (Indian Ocean), was surveyed with a Kongsberg EM 124 gondola-mounted to the hull of the 225-foot DSSV Pressure Drop. The survey was conducted over the course of three days – March 12-15, 2019. The data meet the requirements for IHO Special Order standards.

Five Deeps Expedition to map the Java Trench (Indian Ocean)
The Java Trench was surveyed with a Kongsberg EM 124 gondola-mounted to the hull of the 225-foot DSSV Pressure Drop. The survey was conducted over the course of two weeks – March 26th – April 9th, 2019. The data meet the requirements for IHO Special Order standards.

Five Deeps Expedition to map the Mariana Trench (Pacific Ocean)
The Mariana Trench was surveyed with a Kongsberg EM 124 gondola-mounted to the hull of the 225-foot DSSV Pressure Drop. The survey was conducted over the course of two weeks – April 19th – May 6th, 2019. The data meet the requirements for IHO Special Order standards.

Five Deeps Expedition to map the Molloy Hole (Arctic Ocean)
The Molloy Hole was surveyed with a Kongsberg EM 124 gondola-mounted to the hull of the 225-foot DSSV Pressure Drop. The survey was conducted over the course of three days – August 24-26, 2019. The data meet the requirements for IHO Order 1 standards.

Five Deeps Expedition to map the South Sandwich Trench (spanning the Atlantic and Southern oceans)
The South Sandwich Trench was surveyed with a Kongsberg EM 124 gondola-mounted to the hull of the 225-foot DSSV Pressure Drop. The survey was conducted over the course of seven days – February 2-9, 2019. The data meet the requirements for IHO Special Order standards.

Five Deeps Expedition to map the Tonga Trench (Pacific Ocean)
The Tonga Trench was surveyed with a Kongsberg EM 124 gondola-mounted to the hull of the 225-foot DSSV Pressure Drop. The survey was conducted over the course of two weeks – May 29 – June 6, 2019. The data meet the requirements for IHO Special Order standards.

Five Deeps Expedition to map the western Puerto Rico Trench (Atlantic Ocean)
The Brownson Deep area of the Puerto Rico Trench was surveyed with a Kongsberg EM 124 gondola-mounted to the hull of the 225-foot DSSV Pressure Drop. The survey was conducted over the course of two days – December 18-19, 2018. The data meet the requirements for IHO Special Order standards.

FleCCSnet scenarios (UKCCSRC-C1-40)
Simplified reservoir models are used to estimate the boundary conditions (pressure, temperature and flow) that are relevant to the primary aims of this project. A set of boundary conditions are defined at the wellhead that represent the behaviour of the store. Data relates to publication: Sanchez Fernandez, E., Naylor, M., Lucquiaud, M., Wetenhall, B., Aghajani, H., Race, J., Chalmers, H. Impacts of geological store uncertainties on the design and operation of flexible CCS offshore pipeline infrastructure (2016) International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 52, pp. 139-154. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2016.06.005

Flood Hazard
Zones possibly affected by periodic flooding.

Flooded area in a 100-year-flood
Zones possibly affected by a flood that statistically occurs once every 100 years

Flooded area in a 300-year-flood
Zones possibly affected by a flood that statistically occurs once every 300 years.

Fluid-driven tensile fracture and fracture toughness in Nash Point shale at elevated pressure (NERC grant NE/L009110/1)
A number of processes, both natural and anthropogenic, involve the fracture of rocks subjected to tensile stress, including vein growth and mineralization, and the extraction of hydrocarbons through hydraulic fracturing. In each case, the fundamental material property of mode-I fracture toughness must be overcome in order for a tensile fracture to nucleate and propagate. Whilst measuring this parameter is straightforward at ambient pressure, estimating the fracture toughness of rocks at depth, where they experience a confining pressure, is technically challenging. Here, we report a new analysis combining results from standard thick-walled cylinder burst tests with quantitative acoustic emission to estimate the mode-I fracture toughness (KIc) of Nash Point Shale at elevated confining pressure, simulating in-situ conditions to approximately 1km. In the most favorable orientation, the pressure required to fracture the rock shell (injection pressure, Pinj) increases from 6.1 MPa at 2.2 MPa confining pressure (PC), to 34 MPa at 20 MPa confining pressure. When fractures cross the shale bedding, the required injection pressures are 30.3 MPa (at Pc = 4.5 MPa) and 58 MPa (at Pc = 20 MPa), respectively. Applying the model of Abou-Sayed (1978) to estimate initial flaw size, we calculate that this pressure increase equates to an increase in KIc from 0.6 MPa.m1/2 at 3.2 MPa differential pressure (Pinj - PC) to 4.1 MPa.m1/2 at 22 MPa differential pressure. We conclude that the increasing pressure due to depth in the Earth will have a significant influence on fracture toughness, which is also a function of the inherent anisotropy.

Fluid flow in the Earth: the influence of dehydration reactions and stress (NERC grant NE/J008303/1)
Text files of physical parameters controlled or measured in rock heating and deformation experiments; jpg and tif files of optical and electron microscope images of experimental products; xome xlsx spreadsheets related to data interpretation.

Fluid pH and major and minor element data from shale-acidic fluid interaction laboratory experiments
This dataset presents major (ICP-OES) and minor (ICP-MS) element data and fluid pH during interaction of simulated fracturing fluids with the Bowland-Hodder shale at a variety of conditions, i.e. fluid acidity (pH 1-5), temperature (25-70 C), and rock/fluid ratio (from 0.2:200 to 20:200), as well as two end member mineralogical compositions (from 618 m depth and 673 m depth). The data was collected under the SECURe (Subsurface Evaluation of CCS and Unconventional Risks funded under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement number 764531. Data supplied by permission of University of Nottingham and British Geological Survey.

Fluoride in Stream Water
THIS DATASET HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN **This dataset was created for the "Britain beneath our feet" atlas using information extracted from the Geochemical Baseline Survey Of The Environment (G-BASE) For The UK . For Fluoride in Stream Water data please see Geochemical Baseline Survey Of The Environment (G-BASE) For The UK ** Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment (G-BASE) coverage for Fluoride in stream water. The G-BASE programme involves systematic sampling and the determination of chemical elements in samples of stream sediment, stream water and, locally, soil, to build up a picture of the surface chemistry of the UK. The average sample density for stream sediments and water is about one site per 1.5-2km square. Analytical precision is high with strict quality control to ensure countrywide consistency. Results have been standardised to ensure seamless joins between geochemical sampling campaigns. The data provide baseline information on the natural abundances of elements, against which anomalous values due to such factors as mineralisation and industrial contamination may be compared. Published in Britain beneath our feet atlas.

Foraminifera-based data spanning several tephra horizons in cores from IODP Leg 350, sites U1436 and U1437 (NERC grant NE/M005232/1)
The dataset worksheet contains a list of core samples taken during IODP Exp 350 and foraminifera-based data for selected samples. The work was started with the aim of reconstructing palaeoproductivity changes (namely surface-to-deep carbon isotope gradients and U/Ca measurements) over tephra layers in order to test the ‘ash fertilisation hypothesis’. However, the work has been temporarily halted given the on-board volcanologists ongoing concerns that the ash layers in the selected cores have been reworked and therefore are not primary. Because of the induration and silicification of the core samples at quite shallow depths in the core, the other aim of the project (to reconstruct palaeoceanographic changes from 16-0 Ma) was not possible. The spreadsheet contains a full list of samples and a list of samples that have been examined and analysed. The data worksheet contains the no. of Globigerinoides ruber (with weight), Oridorsalis umbonatus, Uvigerina spp. and Cibicidoides spp. specimens for specific samples. For selected samples, stable oxygen and carbon isotopes are given and a graph of the carbon isotopes vs depth in core is presented.

Foraminifera shell geochemistry and abundance counts (NERC Grant NE/N001621/1)
The dataset includes oxygen and carbon stable isotopes measured on multispecies planktonic foraminifera from 15 million years ago to the present, as well as trace elements ratio and abundance counts. For the code availability and instructions to run the cGENIE version and experiments see Boscolo-Galazzo, Crichton et al. (2021).

Foreign Sliced Rock Collection.
The foreign sliced rock or 'F' collection consists of about 10, 000 specimens and thin sections, cited by their 'F' numbers. These include material archived from recent overseas projects and much collected during the late 19th or early 20th Century from regions within what was then the British Empire. It also includes 'exotic' materials donated to the Survey in its earlier years. Its coverage varies, although there is a predominance of African material. It is indexed on paper registers, and approximately 20% has been input onto 'Britrocks'.

Formation confinement analyses based on available results of laboratory geochemical measurements of brine samples for selected sites
The dataset is on analyses on formation confinement based on available results of laboratory geochemical measurements of brine samples for several field sites (shale wells, acidic gas storage within a depleted gas field and a saline aquifer structure – a possible CO2 storage site). The goal of these analyses was to assess the presence of relic brine within reservoirs/aquifers in question or brine exchange between reservoirs/aquifers within these sites. Results of these analyses can be used to evaluate caprock integrity for they could be indirect evidence of possible migration paths (faults, fractures) and hence possible leaks within the site currently, in the not-too-distant geological past, or no migration or fluid exchange at all (relic brine). The dataset was created within SECURe project (Subsurface Evaluation of CCS and Unconventional Risks) - https://www.securegeoenergy.eu/. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 764531

Formational Geological Map of the Republic of Srpska
The Formational Geological Map of the Republic of Srpska 1:300 000, represent a thematic clear geological map, on which the basis mapping unit is formation and which also representing one of the fundamental geological concepts. The Geological Maps of the Republika of Srpska 1: 300 000 and the accompanying interpreter, maps and interpreters of the OGK SFRY 1: 100 000 which covers the territory of the Republic of Srpska as well as the latest results printed in publications or presented at conferences and congresses were used as the basis for preparing this map. The study and knownledge about geological formations is essential for mineral researches, engeenering geology, hydrogeology as well as enviromental protects.

Fossil data from the Cambrian of the Baltic Basin (NERC Grant NE/K005251/1)
Image data and figures of holotypes of small carbonaceous fossils from Cambrian sediments of the Baltic Basin. Also included are sampling information and fossil measurement data. Data collected from Sweden (mainland and Baltic islands) and Estonia (northern coastline). This information is relevant to the following publications: Slater, B.J., Harvey, T.H., Guilbaud, R. and Butterfield, N.J., 2017. A cryptic record of Burgess Shale-type diversity from the early Cambrian of Baltica. Palaeontology, 60(1), pp.117-140. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/pala.12273/full Slater, B.J., Harvey, T.H. and Butterfield, N.J., 2018. Small carbonaceous fossils (SCFs) from the Terreneuvian (lower Cambrian) of Baltica. Palaeontology, In Press. Guilbaud, R., Slater, B.J., Poulton, S.W., Harvey, T.H., Brocks, J.J., Nettersheim, B.J. and Butterfield, N.J., 2018. Oxygen minimum zones in the early Cambrian ocean. Geochemical Perspectives Letters, In Press.

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy data (NERC grant NE/M000087/1)
Raw FTIR data from olivine samples used for NERC grant NE/M000087/1. Grant abstract: In 2011, NERC began a scoping exercise to develop a research programme based around deep Earth controls on the habitable planet. The result of this exercise was for NERC to commit substantial funding to support a programme entitled "Volatiles, Geodynamics and Solid Earth Controls on the Habitable Planet". This proposal is a direct response to that call. It is widely and generally accepted that volatiles - in particular water - strongly affect the properties that control the flow of rocks and minerals (their rheological properties). Indeed, experiments on low-pressure minerals such as quartz and olivine show that even small amounts of water can weaken a mineral - allowing it to flow faster - by as much as several orders of magnitude. This effect is known as hydrolytic weakening, and has been used to explain a wide range of fundamental Earth questions - including the origin of plate tectonics and why Earth and Venus are different. The effect of water and volatiles on the properties of mantle rocks and minerals is a central component of this NERC research programme. Indeed it forms the basis for one of the three main questions posed by the UK academic community, and supported by a number of international experts during the scoping process. The question is "What are the feedbacks between volatile fluxes and mantle convection through time?" Intuitively, one expects feedbacks between volatiles and mantle convection. For instance, one might envisage a scenario whereby the more water is subducted into the lower mantle, the more the mantle should weaken, allowing faster convection, which in turn results in even more water passing into the lower mantle, and so on. Of course this is a simplification since faster convection cools the mantle, slowing convection, and also increases the amount of volatiles removed from the mantle at mid-ocean ridges. Nevertheless, one can imagine many important feedbacks, some of which have been examined via simple models. In particular these models indicate a feedback between volatiles and convection that controls the distribution of water between the oceans and the mantle, and the amount topography created by the vertical movement of the mantle (known as dynamic topography). The scientists involved in the scoping exercise recognized this as a major scientific question, and one having potentially far reaching consequences for the Earth's surface and habitability. However, as is discussed in detail in the proposal, our understanding of how mantle rocks deform as a function of water content is remarkably limited, and in fact the effect of water on the majority of mantle minerals has never been measured. The effect of water on the flow properties of most mantle minerals is simply inferred from experiments on low-pressure minerals (olivine, pyroxenes and quartz). As argued in the proposal, one cannot simply extrapolate between different minerals and rocks because different minerals may react quite differently to water. Moreover, current research is now calling into question even the experimental results on olivine, making the issue even more pressing. We propose, therefore, a comprehensive campaign to quantify the effect of water on the rheological properties of all the major mantle minerals and rocks using a combination of new experiments and multi-physics simulation. In conjunction with 3D mantle convection models, this information will allow us to understand how the feedback between volatiles and mantle convection impacts on problems of Earth habitability, such as how ocean volumes and large-scale dynamic topography vary over time. This research thus addresses the aims and ambitions of the research programme head on, and indeed, is required for the success of the entire programme.

Fracture interaction data supporting Thomas et al. 2017. Quantification of fracture interaction using stress intensity factor variation maps. JGR: Solid Earth (NERC grant NE/L000660/1)
Data supporting the publication: Robin N. Thomas, Adriana Paluszny, Robert W. Zimmerman, 2017. Quantification of fracture interaction using stress intensity factor variation maps. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth [DOI: 10.1002/2017JB014234]. Each sheet contains the data used in each figure, covering method validation, stress intensity factor perturbations, and data used to create fracture interaction maps. The data were created using the Imperial College Geomechanics Toolkit.

Frazzano PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Frazzano, Italy. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Free energy calculations of noble-gas containing liquid iron and silicate melt (NERC Grant NE/S01134X/1)
Free energy calculations of noble-gas containing liquid iron and silicate melts at 50 GPa (3500 K) and 135 GPa (4200 K). The chemical potentials of noble gases can be obtained from these calculations. The Gibbs free energy of a series of iron and silicate melts with different concentrations of He were calculated. Then the chemical potentials of He can be derived from the concentration dependent Gibbs free energies. The chemical potentials of Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe were calculated by using the alchemical free energy method, where one He was converted to Ne, Ar, Kr or Xe gradually.

Full chemical analysis results of volcanic plume samples during Holuhraun eruption (Iceland), collected in January 2015 (NERC grant NE/M021130/1)
The dataset has been published open-access in Ilyinskaya et al. (2017), Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 472, 309-322 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.05.025 This study quantifies the air quality impact of Holuhraun eruption 2014-2015 on populated areas in Iceland. Specifically we trace the evolution of the plume chemistry from the eruption site to 2 key areas of population: Reykjahlid, which is the nearest municipality to Holuhraun at 100 km distance, and Reykjavik capital area, which hosts ~60% of Iceland's population, 250 km distance. This dataset is the full chemical analysis of filter pack samples of volcanic gas and aerosol, including trace species (e.g. heavy metals).

G-BASE (Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment) for south west England - stream sediments and shallow (5-20cm) soils
The G-BASE programme involves systematic sampling and the determination of chemical elements in samples of stream sediment, stream water and soil, to build up a picture of the surface chemistry of the UK. G-BASE for SW England is the most recent area of the UK sampled by this on-going project The average sample density for stream sediments is approximately one site per 2km square. Density for soils in SW England is variable across the area, ranging from 1 per 2km square to one per 5km square, depending on underlying parent material. Analytical precision is high with strict quality control to ensure countrywide consistency. Results have been standardised to ensure continuity with existing G-BASE geochemical data. The data provide baseline information on the natural abundances of elements, against which anomalous values due to such factors as mineralisation and industrial contamination may be compared. Analytical data for the sub150 microns fraction of stream sediment and the sub 2mm fraction of soil samples are available for some or all of: Ag, Al, As, Ba, Bi, Br, Ca, Cd, Ce, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Ga, Ge, Hf, I, In, K, La, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nb, Nd, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, S, Sb, Sc, Se, Si, Sm, Sn, Sr, Ta, Te, Th, Ti, Tl, U, V, W, Y, Yb, Zn, and Zr.

Gadolinium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Gadolinium (Gd), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Gaggio_Montano PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Gaggio_Montano, Italy. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Gallium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Galliuum (Ga), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Gas analyses from IODP sites. Point Data
Gas analyses produced by IODP The International Ocean Discovery Program

Gas concentration, methane stable isotopes, and noble gas data of groundwater and deep gas samples from the Vale of Pickering, Yorkshire (NERC Grant NE/R018049/1)
Groundwater and gas samples collected from sites in the Vale of Pickering and analysed for major gas concentrations, methane stable isotopes, and noble gas compositions.

Gas Hydrates
The Geological Survey Ireland (GSI), as partner and Work Package 7 (Minerals) leader of EMODnet Geology Phase III, are compiling information on marine gas hydrate deposit areas. EMODnet partners are submitting the spatial extent of mapped deposits and established information; here you can view data collated thus far. Oil and gas deposits include information such as deposit type, deposit sub type, economic feasibility, scale, status, operator, block name, data provider, host rock, area, depth to resource, references and comments.

Gas Hydrates (points)
The Geological Survey Ireland (GSI), as partner and Work Package 7 (Minerals) leader of EMODnet Geology Phase III, are compiling information on marine gas hydrate deposits. EMODnet partners are submitting the spatial extent of mapped deposits and established information; here you can view data collated thus far. Oil and gas deposits include information such as deposit type, deposit sub type, economic feasibility, scale, status, operator, block name, data provider, host rock, area, depth to resource, references and comments.

GDN Superficial Geology (INSPIRE vocabularies)
The 1:500k lithostratigraphic map covering the whole of the Netherlands is available in this OGC WMS service for all uses - including commercial use subject to the conditions in the Access Constraints section. It is being served as a contribution to the OneGeology initiative (www.onegeology.org). Layers available for superficial geology are age and lithology. In this service these are attributed and coloured according to INSPIRE standards for age and lithology.

GDN Superficial Geology (INSPIRE vocabularies), WFS
WFS. The 1:500k lithostratigraphic map covering the whole of the Netherlands is available in this OGC WMS service for all uses - including commercial use subject to the conditions in the Access Constraints section. It is being served as a contribution to the OneGeology initiative (www.onegeology.org). Layers available for superficial geology are age and lithology. In this service these are attributed and coloured according to INSPIRE standards for age and lithology.

GDN Superficial Geology (INSPIRE vocabularies), WMS
The 1:500k lithostratigraphic map covering the whole of the Netherlands is available in this OGC WMS service for all uses - including commercial use subject to the conditions in the Access Constraints section. It is being served as a contribution to the OneGeology initiative (www.onegeology.org). Layers available for superficial geology are age and lithology. In this service these are attributed and coloured according to INSPIRE standards for age and lithology.

GE.Bedrock 1:1 million
GE.Bedrock 1:1 000 000 is a transformed version of the SGU product Bedrock1:1 million with the purpose to conform to the Inspire data specification for Geology encoded according to GeoSciML 4.0. It is also a contribution to the OneGeology initiative (www.onegeoloy.org). Data is represented in a two-dimensional model of the top of the bedrock, describing identified geological units geometry, the material composition of the units and geologic events that has acted on the units. Shear displacement structures like faults on the top of bedrock are also included in the model. The main features of the bedrock geology of Sweden is represented in the produkt and since it is based on compilation of bedrock maps of different scales, age and quality the accuracy of the data varies within the dataset. The product is produced for presentation at the scale of 1:1 miilion which means that some units are heavily generalized.

GE.Bedrock 1:1 million (direct access download service)
The dataset GE.Bedrock 1:1 million covering the whole of Sweden is available in this OGC WFS service. The service delivers data compliant to the Inspire theme Geology encoded as GeoSciML 4.0. FeatureTypes included are MappedFeature and GeologicUnit. MappedFeatures (geometry) are specified by GeologicUnits containing information on lithology and age. The underlying dataset GE.Bedrock 1:1 million also contains information on shear displacement structures like faults that are not included in this service.

GE.Bedrock 1:1 million (view service)
The dataset GE.Bedrock 1:1 million covering the whole of Sweden is available in this OGC WMS service. It is being served as a contribution to the OneGeology initiative (www.onegeology.org). Bedrock geology layers are available in this service. Layers available for bedrock are age, lithology and faults. In this service these are attributed and coloured according to INSPIRE standards for age, lithology and faults.

GE.Bedrock 1:50 000 - 1:250 000 is a simplified and transformed version of SGU's bedrock information in the scale of 1:50 000 - 1:250 0000 and conforms to the Inspire dataspecification for Geology through encoding according to GeoSciML 3.2

GE.Bedrock 1:50 000 - 1:250 000 (view service)
Inspire view service for the data set GE.Bedrock 1:50 000 - 1:250 000

GEMAS Geochemical Mapping of Agricultural and Grazing Land Soil Europe WGS84
Soil is the outside layer of Earth. It is a made up of living organisms, gases, minerals, and organic matter. Knowing what elements are in the soil helps to work out where it came from and how it was made. The GEMAS (geochemical mapping of agricultural soils and grazing land of Europe) project provides harmonised geochemical data of arable land and land under permanent grass cover across Europe. Geological Surveys in 34 European countries collected soil samples. Soil samples were taken on arable land from the top 0–20 cm of the soil and land under permanent grass cover from the top 0–10 cm. One sample was taken per 2500 km2. The total area covered was 5.6 million km2. Sampling took place during 2008, and early 2009 following a jointly agreed field protocol. All samples were sent to the same lab to be tested for the chemicals that make up the soil. This was done using two different methods. The Aqua Regia (AR) method was used to extract 52 chemical elements and the X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) method was used to extract 41 chemical elements. Soil properties such as Cation exchange capacity (CEC), Total organic carbon (TOC) and pH (calcium chloride - CaCl2). In addition, the agricultural soil samples were analysed for 57 elements in a mobile metal ion (MMI®) extraction, Lead (Pb) isotopes and magnetic susceptibility. Knowing the types of elements in the soil can point to where they came from and how the soils were made. CEC, pH and TOC tell us about the soil's ability to hold onto essential nutrients, how acid or basic the soils are, and the amount of organic carbon in the soil. When the data is mapped, you can see the spread of elements across Europe. This allows the mapping of different soil types. Shallower soil is worth testing as it is good for showing us if any of the changes were caused by the actions of humans. It is also good for farming and the health of soil. It is a vector dataset. Vector data portray the world using points, lines, and polygons (areas). The data is shown as points, which shows where the sample was collected and the results for that sample.

General Geological Map of the Federal Republic of Germany 1:200,000
The map series General Geological Map of the Federal Republic of Germany 1:200,000 (GÜK200) is the result of cooperation between the State Geological Surveys of the Federal Republic of Germany (SGD), the Geological Surveys of neighbouring countries and the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR). The GÜK200 displays the surface geology of Germany and adjacent areas of neighbouring countries on 55 map sheets. The map sheets show the regional dissemination of more than 3800 geological units. The geological units contain information on stratigraphy (age), genesis and petrography (composition) of the rocks. Each printed/scanned map sheet contains one or several geological cross-sections which give an insight into the subsurface. The digital data of the map series are stored separately for each map sheet. According to this geological units/polygons, their boundaries, tectonic linear elements and, if present, ice sheet boundaries are saved as a discrete layer in a shapefile for the single map sheets. The attributes of the geological units contain information – like in the printed map sheets – on stratigraphy, genesis and petrography of the rocks.

General Geological Map of the Federal Republic of Germany 1:200,000 (GUEK200) (WMS)
The map series General Geological Map of the Federal Republic of Germany 1:200,000 (GÜK200) is the result of cooperation between the State Geological Surveys of the Federal Republic of Germany (SGD), the Geological Surveys of neighbouring countries and the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR). The GÜK200 displays the surface geology of Germany and adjacent areas of neighbouring countries on 55 map sheets. The map sheets show the regional dissemination of more than 3800 geological units. The geological units contain information on stratigraphy (age), genesis and petrography (composition) of the rocks.

general physiographic features 2022
The data were compiled by BGR from the EMODnet geology partner organisations in the EMODnet Geology project between 2017 and 2022.The scale varies between 10 000 and 5 000 000.

The data were compiled by BGR from the EMODnet geology partner organisations in the EMODnet Geology project between 2017 and 2021.The scale varies between 10 000 and 5 000 000.

GeoConnect³d: Cross-border, cross-thematic multiscale framework for combining geological models and data for resource appraisal and policy support
Structural framework and geomanifestations constructed according to the GeoConnect³d methodology

GEODE - Continuous digital geological mapping at scale 1:50.000
This map represents the result of the cartographic homogenisation of the MAGNA geological map series (National Geological Cartography at a scale of 1:50.000). Series that integrates 1143 maps. As a consequence of the long process involved in the historical execution of this series, there are differences between its initial and final phases, in terms of criteria for assigning geological units, level of detail, continuity of geological units and structures at the edges of sheets, coding and symbologies. With the aim of correcting these problems, the GEODE PLAN was initiated in 2004, which constitutes the institutional support for the generation of a continuous digital geological map at a scale of 1:50,000. The PLAN integrates 19 Regional Projects linked to their corresponding geological zones. Its fundamental objectives are threefold: - To provide cartographic continuity to the geological sheets of the MAGNA series within each region. - To generate a unified legend of geological units for each region. - To adapt the geological coverage to a uniform topographic base, generated specifically for the GEODE PLAN from the national topographic map 1:25000 of the IGN.

Geodynamic monitoring
Geodynamic monitoring - 1) of surface movements based on GNSS observations at permanent station NKOS in Nový Kostel and in the form of repeated campaigns in the network of 26 points; 2) groundwater fluctuations in West Bohemia from permanent measurements in three wells in Cheb region.

Geoelectric field maps of the UK from four large geomagnetic storms derived from thin-sheet model (NERC Grant NE/P017231/1)
This is a thin-sheet model of the regional geoelectric field covering the UK and Ireland, which is a combination of the response of the ground conductivity in a region with the spatial and temporal measurements of the rate of change of the horizontal components of the magnetic field. Output from the BGS Space Weather Impact on Ground-based Systems (SWIGS)

Geoelectrics - Vertical electrical sounding (VES)
This database contains the locations of points at which vertical electrical soundings were measured.

Geoelectrics - Vertical electrical Sounding (VES) – INSPIRE download service (theme Geology)
Download service (ATOM feed) displaying the Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) dataset that has been harmonized to be INSPIRE-compliant.

Geoelectrics – Vertical electrical Sounding (VES) – INSPIRE harmonized (theme Geology)
This database contains the locations of points at which vertical electrical profiles and sounding curves were measured. The database of VES measurements (vertical electrical sounding) was established in 1994. The layer has been transformed according to the INSPIRE data specification for the Geoph Station object from the Geophysics application scheme.

Geoelectrics – Vertical electrical sounding (VES) – INSPIRE view service (theme Geology)
INSPIRE view service shows the localization of Vertical electrical sounding (VES) measuring points of selected campaigns, registered in the Czech Republic since 1957.

GeoERA HOVER WP7 / Pan-European Vulnerability to Pollution DRASTIC
DRASTIC represents the groundwater pollution potential of the uppermost aquifer systems over Europe in five classes 1 - 5 (very low, low, moderate, high, very high) on a 1 km pixel basis. The DRASTIC index according to Aller et al. (1987) is constituated as a weighted linear sum of seven environmental parameters (Depth to water table, Net recharge, Aquifer media, Soil media, Topography/slope, Impact of vadose zone media, Hydraulic conductivity) with parameter classes scored from 1..10 for their specific impact on groundwater pollution potential.

GeoERA MUSE Pilot Areas
Outline of the GeoERA MUSE pilot areas. Spatial datasets will only be shown inside these outlines.

Geofizyka - grawimetria [1]
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia obiekty geofizyczne z zakresu grawimetrii na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology - Geophysics.

Geofizyka - grawimetria [2]
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia obiekty geofizyczne z zakresu grawimetrii na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology - Geophysics.

Geofizyka - grawimetria [3]
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia obiekty geofizyczne z zakresu grawimetrii na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology - Geophysics.

Geofizyka - magnetotelluryka
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia obiekty geofizyczne z zakresu magnetotelluryki na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology - Geophysics.

Geofizyka - magnetyka [2]
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia obiekty geofizyczne z zakresu magnetyki na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology - Geophysics.

Geofizyka - magnetyka [3]
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia obiekty geofizyczne z zakresu magnetyki na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology - Geophysics.

Geofizyka - magnetyka [4]
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia obiekty geofizyczne z zakresu magnetyki na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology - Geophysics.

Geofizyka - sejsmika
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia obiekty geofizyczne - sejsmiczne na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology - Geophysics.

Geofizyka - seria zbiorów danych
Seria zharmonizowanych zbiorów danych przedstawiających obiekty geofizyczne na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology - Geophysics.

Geochemical analyses of the Huainan Basin, the Taoudeni Basin and the Anamikie Basin (NERC Grant ref NE/I00596X/1)
Geochemical data for the Huainan Basin include Fe speciation data; P speciation data; elemental Al, Fe, P, Mn, Sr data, total organic carbon; C isotope ratios of organic C and carbonates. Geochemical data for the Taoudeni Basin and the Anamikie Basin include Fe speciation data; P speciation data; and elemental P and total organic carbon analyses.

Geochemical analysis of and Ar/Ar dating for volcanic samples from Aluto volcano, Ethiopia (NERC grant NE/L013932/1)
Geochemical analysis of and Ar/Ar dating for volcanic samples from Aluto volcano, Ethiopia. Data are referenced in Hutchison et al., 2016c: The eruptive history and magmatic evolution of Aluto volcano: new insights into silicic peralkaline volcanism in the Ethiopian rift; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.09.010

Geochemical analysis of pyroclasts from Aluto, Ethiopia (NERC grant NE/L013932/1)
Geochemical analysis of pyroclasts from Aluto, Ethiopia. Data are referenced in Clarke et al., 2019: Fluidal pyroclasts reveal the intensity of peralkaline rhyolite pumice cone eruptions; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09947-8.

Geochemical analysis of volcanic samples from Aluto, Fentale, and Kone volcanoes, Ethiopia (NERC grant NE/L013932/1)
Geochemical analysis of volcanic samples from Aluto, Fentale, and Kone volcanoes, Ethiopia. Data are referenced in Iddon et al., 2018: Mixing and Crystal Scavenging in the Main Ethiopian Rift Revealed by Trace Element Systematics in Feldspars and Glasses; https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GC007836.

Geochemical and petrological data pertaining to the eruptive deposits of 1883 caldera-forming eruption of Krakatau (NERC grants NE/L002612/1, NE/N014286/1, NE/T002026/1)
Geochemical data has been collected on samples from new exposures of the 1883 deposits, revealed by the 2018 tsunamigenic flank collapse of Anak Krakatau, which provides improved stratigraphic context. Whole-rock data taken by X-ray Florescence shows no systematic stratigraphic correlation. Chemical data for transects across, and spot points on, plagioclase phenocrysts, including some trace element data, all obtained using Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA), with Backscatter electron (BSE) images of crystals, obtained using Scanning Electron Microscope, reveal complex zoning profiles. However, chemical data for transects across pyroxene phenocrysts, obtained using EPMA, show this phenocryst phase is largely unzoned. The dataset also includes chemical data for spots on Fe/Ti oxides, included on the rims of pyroxene, and obtained using EPMA. Matrix glass chemistry, obtained via EPMA, shows that the early eruptive ash is more evolved than the pyroclastic material that follows, and that there is a slight overall trend to a more homogenous, less evolved melt composition. The 1883 eruption of Krakatau was a large, cardera-forming eruption that caused approximately 36,000 fatalities. It is also the only eruption of its size to have accompanying written accounts.

Geochemical and physical property data for sediment cores extracted from Loch Sunart Scotland (NERC studentship grant NE/L501852/1)
Geochemical data: %C, %OC, %IC, %N Physical Property data: Wet and dry bulk density, water content, porosity. Sediment cores extracted from Offshore Region: Loch Sunart NM 70277 63360, 56.705259, -5.7545471. For more information see published report, Substantial stores of sedimentary carbon held in mid-latitude fjords. / Smeaton, Craig; Austin, William; Davies, Althea; Baltzar, A.; Abell, R. E.; Howe, J. A. doi:10.5194/bg-13-5771-2016

Geochemical Baseline Survey Of The Environment (G-BASE) For The UK.
The G-BASE programme involves systematic sampling and the determination of chemical elements in samples of stream sediment, stream water and soil, to build up a picture of the surface chemistry of the UK. The average sample density for stream sediments and water is about one site per 1.5-2km square, and for soils one site per 2km square. Analytical precision is high with strict quality control to ensure countrywide consistency. Results have been standardised to ensure seamless joins between geochemical sampling campaigns. The data provide baseline information on the natural abundances of elements, against which anomalous values due to such factors as mineralisation and industrial contamination may be compared. Analytical data for the 150 microns fraction of soil and stream sediment samples are available for some or all of: Ag, As, B, Ba, Bi, Be, Ca, Ce, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Ga, K, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Nb, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Sn, Sr, Th, Ti, U, V, Y, Zn, and Zr. Most water samples have been analysed for alkalinity, pH, conductivity, F and U and some for multi-element analyses including Al, Cl, Na, Si, SO4,NO4, and TOC. The project now routinely determines the elements listed in the <2mm fraction of surface soils.

Geochemical Baseline Survey Of The Environment (G-BASE) For UK Soils In Urban Areas.
Soil samples collected in urban areas throughout the UK are analysed for their major and trace element geochemistry, their pH and organic matter content. Samples are collected at two depths; 0-15cm and 35-45cm at sites selected using a stratified, random design. The data can be used to identify and prioritize contaminated sites. In 1993, the Geochemical Baseline Survey Of The Environm (G-BASE) rural geochemical mapping programme was extended to include sampling in urban areas and to date around 22 urban centres have been sampled. Data is available on key inorganic contaminants including Cr, Cu, Cd, Ni, As, Pb, Zn, Sn and Sb. Results have been standardised to ensure seamless joins between geochemical sampling campaigns. Urban centres are selected in areas where rural sampling is undertaken or where the BGS urban programme is active. Urban centres will continue to be sampled until completion of the rural programme, scheduled for 2015.

Geochemical data (NERC grant NE/K005251/1)
Organic and inorganic data extracted from core material spanning over a large area of the Baltic basin (Kostovo-13, Grotlingbo-1, File Haidar-1, Boda Hamn-1, Hamnudden-1, Finngrundet-1, Barstad-2 and Bernstorp-1). Organic data include concentrations in pristane, phytane, phenanthrene, methylphenanthrene and arylisoprenoids. Inorganic data include iron speciation data, concentrations in Fe, Al, P, U, Mo, V, total organic C, and C isotope ratios.

Geochemical data associated with NERC Fellowship NE/I02089X/1
Includes XRF elemental abundance data, LECO data, organic geochemical data (GC-MS), and os-isotope and associated Re and Os abundance data. Geographical area - primarily France (Paris and Voncontian Basin), UK (Yorkshire coast), and Japan (Toyora area, Yamaguchi Prefecture). Also includes globally distributed palaeotemperature data.

Geochemical data for 5 Palaeosols from a 60 million year time series from the late Silurian (420 Ma) to late Devonian (390 Ma) across the Eastern side of North America. (NERC Grant NE/J007471/1)
The data relate to the description and geochemical analysis of palaeosols from 5 localities spanning 60 million years from late Silurian to Late Devonian across the NE of North America, encompassing the rise of forested ecosystems. One of the sites (Cairo, New York State) was sampled by drilling cores up to 3m depth through one of the earliest fossil forest sites in the world. The cores were sawn lengthways and half of each has been retained by the New York State Museum Albany NY. The data we provide includes field context photographs of the sites and the samples that were taken, photographic logs of the drilled rock cores annotated with details of the parts that have been sampled, together with detailed geochemical analyses including XRF, XRD and ICP-MS analyses of acid dissolved samples. The 5 localities are sites where there are published records of fossil plants and palaeosols. Late Silurian deposit at Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania; Lower Devonian deposit at Gaspe Bay Quebec; Miiddle Devonian forest at Cairo Quarry New York State; slightly later middle Devonian forest at Gilboa, New York; and late Devonian site at Red Hill Hyner, Pennsylvania.

Geochemical data for deep-sea sediments collected during IODP Exp. 352, Izu-Bonin, NW Pacific (NERC grant NE/M008193/1)
Major, trace element and REE analyses of muds and mudstones from selected intervals from all of the holes. Location of the drill holes are given in the Exp. 352 cruise report (Reagan et al)

Geochemical data for giant piston core MD04-2832 (Loch Sunart, Scotland) (NERC Grant NE/L501852/1)
Geochemical data for the upper 300cm of giant piston core MD04-2832. Core MD04-2832 was collected from the middle basin of Loch Sunart a fjord on the west coast of Scotland from the research vessel Marion Dufresne on the 15th of June 2004. This data resource includes five data sheets: (1) Geochemical data, (2) Bulk radiocarbon, (3) ICP-MS, (4) FRUITS and (5) Age Model. 1. Geochemical data sheet includes Bulk elemental data (Organic Carbon, Nitrogen, C/N ratio, N/C ratio), Isotopic data (δ13C and ẟ15N), Biomarker data (Alkanes, Fatty Acids, GDGT's) and thermosgravimetric data (% labile, recalcitrant and refractory organic matter). 2. Bulk Radiocarbon data sheet includes bulk radiocarbon data for ten sediment samples presented as % modern, 14C Age (years BP), ẟ14C and Δ14C. 3. ICP-MS data sheet includes metal data associated with mining activities within the fjords catchment. Data includes Zinc (Zn), Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Barium (Ba), Aluminium (Al) and elemental ratios of these metal normalized with Al concentrations. 4. The FRUITS data sheet contains the outputs from the FRUITS Bayesian isotopic mixing model (Fernandes et al., 2014) used to constrain the source (terrestrial vs marine) of the organic carbon found at site MD04-2832. The model used bulk elemental ratios (N/C), Isotopic (δ13C and ẟ15N) and biomarker data (GDGT - BIT Index) to calculate the terrestrial and marine OC fraction from each downcore sample. 5. The Age Model datasheet contains the age model produced by the BACON software package (Blaauw and Christen, 2011). The age model was developed with a combination of shell/foraminifera radiocarbon dates and radiometric dating (210Pb and 137Cs). Further details on the data can be found in Smeaton, C., Cui, X., Bianchi, T.S., Cage, A.G., Howe J.A., Austin, W.E.N., (2021), The evolution of a coastal carbon store over the last millennium, Quaternary Science Reviews.

Geochemical Data for the Olla and Nebo-Hemphill Oil Fields, Louisiana (NERC grant NE/L002612/1)
Formation water geochemistry and gas geochemistry from 6 wells in the Olla Oil Field and 7 wells in the Nebo-Hemphill Oil Field Louisiana (Longitude range: -92.2297 to -92.1487, Latitude range: 31.83128 to 31.56586.), sampled in 2015. Formation water geochemistry for cation and anions and in mmol/l and ppm, these were measured at an internal ExxonMobil facility. Casing gases were used to make the remaining measurements. Stable noble gas isotopes (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe) were measured at the University of Oxford Noble Lab for ratios and abundances (in cm3(STP)/cm3). Stable C isotopes of CO2 and CH4 and C2, C3 and C4 alkanes in ‰ VDPB as well as their mol% of the casing gas were measured by Isotech Inc.. Methane clumped isotopes are given as Δ12CH2D2 and Δ13CH3D and were measured at the California Institute of Technology. Where no data is present, no measurements were taken for that well. N.D. refers to not detectable.

Geochemical data from the Troodos Ophiolite, Cyprus (NERC Grant NE/M010848/1, NE/M011615/1)
Geochemical and field data collected from samples from ore deposits hosted in the Troodos ophiolite, Cyprus by Dr Andrew Martin during his PhD. File T1 contains sample names, locations and description and file T2 contains photographs and field observations for sample localities. File T3 contains portable x-ray fluorescence (XRF) data from powdered Troodos ophiolite samples. Files T4 - T8 contain sulphide trace element data from laser-ablation inductively-coupled-plasma mass-spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analysis of samples from various deposits in the Troodos ophiotlite. Files T9 and T10 contain bulk sample geochemistry from aqua regia digest and ICP-MS for deposits from the Troodos ophiolite. File T11 contains results from conventional ä34S analysis of sulfide minerals from Troodos deposits and file T12 contains x-ray diffraction analysis data from silica-rich deposits in the Troodos ophiolite. Data is used in papers available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2019.01.024, https://doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2018.81 and https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2019.119325 and in Dr Andrew Martin's PhD thesis, available at http://orca.cf.ac.uk/124346/.

Geochemical data, North China (NERC grant NE/I005862/2)
Table containing Fe speciation data, C isotope data, Total organic carbon contents, and Fe, Al, P, Mn and Sr elemental concentrations.

Geochemical stratigraphic data for phosphatised and unphosphatised samples of Fe-Mn crusts, Tropic Seamount, Northeast Atlantic Ocean (NERC Grant NE/M011151/1)
The data set presents major and trace element geochemical data obtained from ICP-MS measurements on micro-drilled subsamples of ferromanganese (Fe-Mn) crusts from Tropic Seamount, north-east Atlantic Ocean. The data represent detailed stratigraphic analysis of Fe-Mn crust samples 078_019 and 085_004. These samples were collected at 3100 and 1100 meters beneath sea level, respectively, during the JC142 expedition of the RRS James Cook for the MarineE-Tech project in 2016.

Geochemistry and geochronology data relating to the II-RHY-1 tephra horizon, the Thórsmörk Ignimbrite, and Torfajökull and Tindfjallajökull volcanoes, Iceland. (NERC NE/L002493/1)
The data are associated with a paper entitled 'Widespread tephra dispersal and ignimbrite emplacement from a subglacial volcano (Torfajökull, Iceland)' by J Moles et al. (2019). See paper for full details. Data types: major element geochemistry; trace element geochemistry; 40Ar/39Ar geochronology. Table DR9 contains EPMA data of proximal lavas and ignimbrite fiamme. Table DR10 contains EPMA data of ash shards. Table DR11 contains EPMA standard data. Table DR12 contains LA-ICP-MS data of proximal lavas and ignimbrite fiamme. Table DR13 contains LA-ICP-MS data of ash shards. Table DR14 contains LA-ICP-MS standard data (raw). Table DR15 contains LA-ICP-MS standard data (corrected). Table DR16 contains 40Ar/39Ar geochronology data.

Geologic Map of Spain 1:50.000 scale, MAGNA
The National Geological Map (MAGNA), was made between 1972 and 2003 by the Geological Survey of Spain. It is distributed in sheets 1: 50.000 (1: 25.000 in particular cases of the Canary Islands, Ibiza-Formentera, Menorca, Ceuta and Melilla). The geological map shows the nature of materials (rocks and sediments) that appear on the surface, their spatial distribution and geometric relationships between the different cartographic units represented.
A geological mapping unit is the grouping of one or more lithologies with common age range, which is represented on the map at a scale or defined resolution. Each mapping unit, and the different geological structures, is represented on the map with a symbolism itself. The representation of these units on the topographic base map provides some three-dimensional information that is completed with other geological data and geological sections, stratigraphic profiles, polls, etc. The map legend is a pictogram representing the spatial relationship of the different mapping units (chronology, overlapping, geometric relationship, lateral facies changes, etc.). It also includes structural, hydrogeological and geological location of the sheet within the regional schemes.
Since 1991, the Geological Map Series MAGNA is made inseparably with the geomorphological map on the same scale. This map incorporates everything on the surface geology and provides a structured and accurate information of the land forms. It is organized on the basis of morphogenesis and morphocronology incorporated the map using the corresponding chronostratigraphic column included in a table / legend inspired by the geological map. The forms, erosional and depositional, are represented on the map by individualized by symbols and patterns of color and surface deposits or lithological formations elements that provide information.
For each sheet of the series MAGNA there is an explanatory report published, edited and in digital format.
The digital information is stored in coverage and Shape format (ESRI). There is a guide that describes the physical structure of the digital information and its codification.

Geologic Units - OneGeology-Europe
The Geological Map of Switzerland 1:500,000 covers all of Switzerland and adjoining parts of neighbouring countries. It presents an overview of the distribution of the uppermost rock strata occurring in Switzerland. It thus provides an important foundation and tool for the better understanding of our environment in the scope of sustainable development. It is an essential aid for education in the fields of environmental and earth sciences as well as natural hazards. This product is part of the GeoMaps 500 series. It is available as a printed map (folded or plano), pixelmap or vector dataset. For more information on the availability and the format of this product please visit our Geological Data Viewer (www.geologieviewer.ch). This layer is specifically tailored to the Project OneGeology Europe.

Geological archives
Collection of reports, notebooks interpretations, plans and other data for Great Britain received from external organisations that are not part of other collections. Covers a wide variety of topics that have been gathered over a variety of time scales.

Geological Atlas of Switzerland 1:25 000
The map sheets of the Geological Atlas of Switzerland give detailed information about the uppermost layers of sediment and bedrock. Geological formations are represented by colours, conventional signs and symbols, according to their age, composition and tectonic structure. The topographic base used in the preparation of this series is the Swiss National Map at 1:25 000 scale. For each sheet published, there is also an explanatory booklet in which the geological formations and special features depicted on that sheet are described.
These maps are an indispensable tool for geologists, engineers, planners, government departments, scientists and schools.

Geological cross-sections
Geological cross-sections referring to stratigraphic or lithological units.

Geological digital Map of Italy 1:500.000
The database containing the Geological Map of Italy at a scale 1:500.000 was compiled during the 1990's by digitizing the published map in raster format. All the information contained is derived from the published map that was compiled using a lithostratigraphic approach. The database is structured in 2 layers and 1 descriptive table.

Geological Event Distribution (100k)
Index map of all European seas reporting areas of occurrence, no occurrence and no data for each kind of event in every sea. Representation refers to the item Landslide. In order to obtain information on the distribution of other events click on the polygon of your interest to visualize the attributes of other items.

Geological Event Distribution (250k)
Index map of all European seas reporting areas of occurrence, no occurrence and no data for each kind of event in every sea. Representation refers to the item Landslide. In order to obtain information on the distribution of other events click on the polygon of your interest to visualize the attributes of other items.

Geological Indicators of Flooding Great Britain
The BGS Geological Indicators of Flooding (GIF) dataset is a digital map based on the BGS Digital Geological Map of Great Britain at the 1:50,000 scale (DiGMapGB-50, BGS, 2009). Current coverage includes England, Wales and Scotland. It characterises Superficial Deposits on DiGMapGB-50 in terms of their likely susceptibility to flooding, either from coastal inundation or fluvial (inland) water flow. These Superficial Deposits are considered 'recent' in geological terms, most having been formed within the last few tens of thousands of years. Typically they have been laid down by processes of erosion and deposition and they have produced subtle topographical features, resulting in low-lying landforms we call floodplains. The mapping of these landforms, in conjunction with characterisation of deposits that underlie them allows us to determine the extent of the coastal and inland flooding that created them.

Geological interpreted superficial deposits thickness models version 2.1, GI_SDTM v2.1
A superficial thickness model covering England Scotland and Wales. The model is derived by direct modelling (natural neighbour interpolation) of BGS Borehole records and BGS Digmap. For the purposes of modelling, superficial deposits include sediments deposited during the Quaternary, subsequent Holocene rivers and coastal systems and also modern anthropogenic material. i.e. deposits that are less than 2.6 million years old. Grids are overprinted with a minimum value so that areas where no bore data is present, but superficial deposits are known to occur are given a minimum 1.5m thickness. The superficial thickness model has been created as baseline datasets for the BGS Information Products programme. The model provides only a simple, mathematical interpretation of reality with some phantom points that improve the model mainly in valley areas where lack of data was given different results as those expected by a geological interpretation of the area. The complexity of Superficial deposits in Great Britain is such that it is only possible to model indicative values of thickness and elevation. The models should never be used as a substitute for thorough site investigation.

Geological map 1 : 50,000 (GEOCR50)
WMS Service displaying a seamless geological map of the whole area of the Czech Republic at a scale of 1:50 000.

Geological Map Data of Portugal, scale 1:1 000 000 (INSPIRE download service WFS 2.0)
INSPIRE download WFS service providing Portugal onshore bedrock geological data at 1:1 000 000 scale. This service is being served as a contribution to the OneGeology initiative (www.onegeology.org) and to fulfill the requirements of the INSPIRE Directive. Layers available for bedrock are geologic units classified according to representative ages and lithologies from INSPIRE vocabularies, faults and geomorphologic features.

Geological Map Data of Portugal, scale 1:1 000 000 (INSPIRE view service WMS 1.3.0)
View WMS service providing Portugal onshore bedrock geological data at 1:1 000 000 scale. This service is being served as a contribution to the OneGeology initiative (www.onegeology.org) and to fulfill the requirements of the INSPIRE Directive. Layers available for bedrock are geologic units classified according to representative ages and lithologies from INSPIRE vocabularies, faults and geomorphologic features.

Geological Map Data of Portugal, scale 1:1 000 000 (INSPIRE vocabularies)
Geological Map of Portugal, scale 1:1 000 000, LNEG, 2010 modified to be INSPIRE compliant. Layers depicting Geologic Units classified according to ages and lithologies from INSPIRE vocabularies, Faults and Geomorphologic Features are available. This dataset was formerly prepared in the framework of the OneGeology-Europe project and is harmonised according to Geology INSPIRE data specifications.

Geological map of Belgium 1:250 000
The new Geological Map of Belgium at a scale of 1:250 000 project, by the Belgian Geological Survey.

Geological map of Czech Republic 1 : 500,000 – INSPIRE view service (theme Geology)
INSPIRE view service presents the geological map of the Czech Republic at a scale of 1 : 500,000 only for the state area of the Czech Republic and with additional attributes required by the INSPIRE directive.

Geological map of Czechoslovakia 1 : 200,000 (raster)
Geological maps of the area of former Czechoslovakia at a scale of 1 : 200,000.

Geological map of EU 1M - example
Geological map is perfect.

Geological map of geological units including the Quaternary cover 1 : 25,000 (GEOCR25)
WMS service displays Geological map of geological units including the Quaternary cover at a scale of 1: 25,000.

Geological Map of Germany 1:1,000,000 (GK1000)
The Geological Map of Germany 1:1,000,000 (GK1000) represents the geology of Germany and adjacent areas. The Quaternary units of Northern Germany and the Alpine foreland are described by their genesis.The older sedimentary rocks are classified by age (stratigraphy); igneous and metamorphic rocks are classified by their composition (lithology).

Geological Map of Germany 1:1,000,000 (WMS)
The Geological Map of Germany 1:1,000,000 (GK1000) represents the geology of Germany and adjacent areas. The Quaternary units of Northern Germany and the Alpine foreland are described by their genesis.The older sedimentary rocks are classified by age (stratigraphy); igneous and metamorphic rocks are classified by their composition (lithology).

Geological Map of Germany 1:1,000,000 OneGeology-Europe (GK1000-1GE)
The “Geological Map of Germany 1:1,000,000 OneGeology-Europe (GK1000-1GE)” shows Germany’s surface geology: All geological units are described by their age (stratigraphy) and composition (lithology). The geological units and terms used in this map were semantically harmonized within the OneGeology-Europe project and have been - in a number of regions - geometrically and semantically made consistent with the neighbouring OneGeology-Europe participants.

Geological Map of Germany 1:1,000,000 OneGeology-Europe (GK1000-1GE) (WMS)
The “Geological Map of Germany 1:1,000,000 OneGeology-Europe (GK1000-1GE)” shows Germany’s surface geology: All geological units are described by their age (stratigraphy) and composition (lithology). The geological units and terms used in this map were semantically harmonized within the OneGeology-Europe project and have been - in a number of regions - geometrically and semantically made consistent with the neighbouring OneGeology-Europe participants.

Geological Map of Greece Mirofillon Sheet - Scale 1:50 000
Geological Map of the Mirofillon area, scale 1:50 000. The map shows polygonal and selected linear geological information sourced from the published IGME 1:50000 scale map of Greece. Geological units are identified using the 1G-E vocabulary that may differ from that on the printed maps. Τhe original data were published in the frame of the program for the compilation of the Geological Map of Greece, scale 1:50 000. The geological mapping has been carried out by K. Manakos, during 1981-1983. Micropaleontologic determinations : Dr. V. Skourtsi-Koroneou. IGME licensing terms and conditions apply to external use of the data.

Geological Map of Greece/1GE Harmonised - Scale 1:1 000 000
The digital geological map of Greece at 1:1million scale is composed of layers of polygonal objects depicting stratigraphic units and lines depicting faults. It has been created - in the frame of the One Geology Europe Plus project - from the 1:50 000 scale map sheets, using the One Geology Europe vocabulary terms to describe lithology & age of formations.

Geological Map of Hungary 1:1000000
1: 1,000,000 scale geological map was constructed from surface geology maps of Hungary of scale 1 : 200 000. It contains 31 different geological units of generalized pre-quaternary geological formations and quaternary sediments of different genetic types .

Geological Map of Italy 1:1.000.000
The database of the 1:1.000.000 scale Geological Map of Italy, named GEO1MDB, is structured into 4 geometric layers and 3 descriptive tables. The layers are: Geologic Units, Tectonics Units, Geologic Structures and Regional Structures.

Geological Map of Luxembourg, Scale ~1:1M - OneGeology Europe
OGC/WMS & WFS providing the map compiled from the Geological Map of Luxembourg at a scale of 1:350.000 by simplification and grouping of geological units.

Geological Map of Slovenia 1:250.000
Geološka karta Slovenije v merilu 1: 250.000 je nastala na podlagi podatkov Osnovne geološke karte 1: 100.000. Izdelava je trajala več kot 20 let. Zaradi neskladja med posameznimi listi je bilo potrebno opraviti temeljito terensko reambulacijo. Terensko delo je bilo spremljano s številnimi analizami (konodonti, nanoplankton, radiolariji in mikrofavna ter mikroflora). Na karti je izdvojenih 114 litostratigrafskih enot. Prikazane so tudi pomembne geološke strukture in regionalni prelomi. Vsi podatki so zajeti v GIS okolju, kar omogoča njihovo enostavno nadaljnjo uporabo. Pri reambulacijskih delih so bili pridobljeni številni novi podatki, ki so prvič prikazani na geološki karti.

Geological Map of Spain and Portugal 1:1 000 000 scale
The geological map of Spain and Portugal at 1:1 000 000 scale is a renewed version of the geological map of the Iberian Peninsula and the territories of Ceuta, Melilla and the Balearic, Canaries, Azores and Madeira islands. This small-scale map is edited jointly periodically by the Geological surveys of Spain (IGME) and Portugal (LNEG). This new version includes for the first time the geological information of the Spanish and Portuguese continental shelves and also the geology of the Atlantic Portuguese islands. This map records all the new geological knowledge provided by the complete survey at 1:50 000 scale in Spain (IGME’s MAGNA Plan) and the systematic geological mapping series developed in Portugal by the LNEG. The continental portion of the map was compiled starting from original drafts at 1:400 000 scale made for every main geological unit: Iberian Variscan Massif, Pyrenees, Betics, Cantabrian and Iberian cordilleras and the Duero, Ebro and Tajo Cenozoic basins for the territory of Spain and the geological maps at 1:200 000 scale in Portugal.

Geological Map of Spain and Portugal at scale 1:1.000.000
Geological map of Spain and Portugal at scale 1:1 000 000 of 2015 is an updated cartographic version of the Iberian Peninsula as well as Ceuta and Melilla and all the insular territory of Spain and Portugal: Balearic Islands, Canary Islands, Azores and Madeira, published periodically by the IGME in collaboration with the Geological Survey of Portugal (LNEG). This new version includes for the first time the geological cartography of the continental shelf and the Atlantic islands of Portugal. This map includes all the new geological knowledge that has resulted from the completion of the MAGNA series of 1:50,000 scale geological cartography of the IGME for the Spanish territory and the systematic series of cartography of the Portuguese territory developed by the LNEG. The continental part of the map has been composed from previous syntheses at a scale of 1:400,000 developed for each major geological unit in Spain, specifically, the Variscan Massif, the Pyrenees, the Baetic, Cantabrian and Iberian C. and the Cenozoic Basins of the Duero, Tagus and Ebro, and from the geological cartography at a scale of 1:200,000 produced in Portugal.

Geological Map of Spain at scale 1/200.000
Map showing the chronolithostratigraphic units of the area covered by the sheet separated by different types of contacts: normal or concordant, discordant, intrusive and other. The tectonic structure is represented by the cartographic traces of folds, the orientation and dip of planar and linear elements contained in the rocks, as well as by the structural relationship - through faults and thrusts - between the cartographically differentiated rock assemblages. Unique features of the igneous rocks as well as the degree of migmatisation of the metamorphic rocks are also depicted. The map is accompanied by the lithostratigraphic legend and conventional signs.

Geological Map of Spain Scale 1:200.000 (2nd series)
This Map depicts the materials or rocks that appear on the surface of the sheet, their spatial distribution, nature and geometric relationships. The cartographic units are chronostratigraphic groupings, with common lithology and age formed by strata which are called formations, groups or members; other non-stratified ones such as granites are represented. The structural relationships between them are expressed by symbols, which gives the map a three-dimensional character completed by additional geological profiles. These are the graphic expression of the deep geometrical arrangement of the units shown on the geological map. Applied information such as water points, mineral deposits and indications, presence of fossils and other elements of point representation are added by means of symbology. The printed sheets include geological sections, columns of the main zones or units and various diagrams (regional geological and tectonic diagrams, both at a scale of 1:1,000,000).
The nominal scale of the series is 1:200,000, but in the island territories it has been produced at a scale of 1:100,000.
The digital information, geological map 1:200,000, chronolithostratigraphic legend and legend of geological symbols, is stored in coverage format (ESRI). There is a guide reflecting its organisation and codification.
The IGME is responsible for the execution of this series of cartography, which it finances with its own resources.
The creation of this cartography is based on the compilation of existing information, mainly MAGA cartography at a scale of 1:50,000, doctoral theses and other research work.

Geological Map of Spain, MAGNA
The National Geological Map (MAGNA), was made between 1972 and 2003 by the Geological Survey of Spain. It is distributed in sheets 1: 50.000 (1: 25.000 in particular cases of the Canary Islands, Ibiza-Formentera, Menorca, Ceuta and Melilla). The geological map shows the nature of materials (rocks and sediments) that appear on the surface, their spatial distribution and geometric relationships between the different cartographic units represented.

Geological Map of Spain. Scale 1:50.000 - Sheet 119 - NOYA
The sheet 119 (NOYA) of the National Geological Map (MAGNA), was made in 1981 and published in 2007 by the Geological Survey of Spain. It is distributed at scale 50000. The geological map shows the nature of materials (rocks and sediments) that appear on the surface, their spatial distribution and geometric relationships between the different cartographic units represented.
A geological mapping unit is the grouping of one or more lithologies with common age range, which is represented on the map at a scale or defined resolution. Each mapping unit, and the different geological structures, is represented on the map with a symbolism itself. The representation of these units on the topographic base map provides some three-dimensional information that is completed with other geological data and geological sections, stratigraphic profiles, polls, etc. The map legend is a pictogram representing the spatial relationship of the different mapping units (chronology, overlapping, geometric relationship, lateral facies changes, etc.). It also includes structural, hydrogeological and geological location of the sheet within the regional schemes.
Since 1991, the Geological Map Series MAGNA is made inseparably with the geomorphological map on the same scale. This map incorporates everything on the surface geology and provides a structured and accurate information of the land forms. It is organized on the basis of morphogenesis and morphocronology incorporated the map using the corresponding chronostratigraphic column included in a table / legend inspired by the geological map. The forms, erosional and depositional, are represented on the map by individualized by symbols and patterns of color and surface deposits or lithological formations elements that provide information.
For each sheet of the series MAGNA there is an explanatory report published, edited and in digital format.
The digital information is stored in coverage and Shape format (ESRI). There is a guide that describes the physical structure of the digital information and its codification.

Geological Map of Spain. Scale 1:50.000 - Sheet 373 - QUINTANILLA DE ONESIMO
The sheet 373 (QUINTANILLA DE ONESIMO) of the National Geological Map (MAGNA), was made in 1997 and published in 2008 by the Geological Survey of Spain. It is distributed at scale 50000. The geological map shows the nature of materials (rocks and sediments) that appear on the surface, their spatial distribution and geometric relationships between the different cartographic units represented.
A geological mapping unit is the grouping of one or more lithologies with common age range, which is represented on the map at a scale or defined resolution. Each mapping unit, and the different geological structures, is represented on the map with a symbolism itself. The representation of these units on the topographic base map provides some three-dimensional information that is completed with other geological data and geological sections, stratigraphic profiles, polls, etc. The map legend is a pictogram representing the spatial relationship of the different mapping units (chronology, overlapping, geometric relationship, lateral facies changes, etc.). It also includes structural, hydrogeological and geological location of the sheet within the regional schemes.
Since 1991, the Geological Map Series MAGNA is made inseparably with the geomorphological map on the same scale. This map incorporates everything on the surface geology and provides a structured and accurate information of the land forms. It is organized on the basis of morphogenesis and morphocronology incorporated the map using the corresponding chronostratigraphic column included in a table / legend inspired by the geological map. The forms, erosional and depositional, are represented on the map by individualized by symbols and patterns of color and surface deposits or lithological formations elements that provide information.
For each sheet of the series MAGNA there is an explanatory report published, edited and in digital format.
The digital information is stored in coverage and Shape format (ESRI). There is a guide that describes the physical structure of the digital information and its codification.

Geological Map of Spain. Scale 1:50.000 - Sheet 811 - MORAL DE CALATRAVA
The sheet 811 (MORAL DE CALATRAVA) of the National Geological Map (MAGNA), was made and published by the Geological Survey of Spain. It is distributed at scale 50000. The geological map shows the nature of materials (rocks and sediments) that appear on the surface, their spatial distribution and geometric relationships between the different cartographic units represented.

Geological Map of Spain. Scale 1:50.000 - Sheet 92 - FINISTERRE
The sheet 92 (FINISTERRE) of the National Geological Map (MAGNA), was made in 1981 and published in 2004 by the Geological Survey of Spain. It is distributed at scale 50000. The geological map shows the nature of materials (rocks and sediments) that appear on the surface, their spatial distribution and geometric relationships between the different cartographic units represented.

Geological Map of Switzerland 1:500,000
The Geological Map of Switzerland at 1:500,000 scale covers all of Switzerland and adjoining parts of neighbouring countries. It provides an overview of the distribution of the superficial geological formations exposed in Switzerland. It is thus an important tool for improving the understanding of our environment in the context of sustainable development. It is also an essential aid for education in the fields of environmental and earth sciences, as well as for the identification and prediction of natural hazards. The previous edition appeared more than 25 years ago and the new map shows a significantly improved level of detail. The addition of new data and the revision of older geological records made during recent decades have led to significant improvements in the new version. Thanks to a revised layout, the detailed legend is now easier to read and therefore easier to understand.

Geological map of the Cross-Border Area of Spain and Portugal. South-Portuguese Zone. Scale 1/200.000. Sheet 1
Geological map of the South Portuguese Zone on a scale of 1/200,000, in which the geological legend on both sides of the border has been harmonised with unified criteria between Spain and Portugal. This cartography is a product of the GEO_FPI project: Cross-border Observatory for the geo-economic exploitation of the Iberian Pyrite Belt, co-financed by ERDF funds through the INTERREG POCTEP 2014-2020 territorial cooperation programme. The main beneficiary of the project is the Geological Survey of Spain (IGME). The partnership for this project includes the Directorate-General for Industry, Energy and Mines of the Ministry of Finance, Industry and Energy of the Andalusian Regional Government (DGIEM), the National Laboratory of Energy and Geology, I.P. (LNEG) and the Municipal Chamber of Aljustrel (CMA).

Geological map of the Czech Republic 1 : 25,000 (GEOCR25)
Database GeoCR25 is a unique geographical information system developed by the on-going digitization of the geological maps at a scale of 1 : 25,000. It also contains database of the reference points and database of the unified geological legend.

Geological map of the Czech Republic 1 : 25,000 (raster)
File database of archival Geological Maps at a scale of 1: 25,000 in TIFF formats.

Geological map of the Czech Republic 1 : 50,000 (GEOCR50)
Geological map GEOCR50 is a unique geographic information system, which has as its main parts database of the digitized and harmonized geological maps at a scale of 1 : 50,000 and database of the unified geological legend for the whole Czech Republic. This legend contains 4 basic types of information: chronostratigraphical units (classification), regional units (classification), lithological description of rocks and lithostratigraphical units (classification). GeoCR50 contains more than 260 000 mapped geological units from the whole area of the Czech Republic.

Geological map of the Czech Republic 1 : 500,000 – INSPIRE download service (theme Geology)
Download service (ATOM feed) displaying the GeoCR500 dataset that has been harmonized to be INSPIRE-compliant.

Geological map of the Czech Republic 1 : 500,000 – INSPIRE harmonized (theme Geology)
Geological Map of the Czech Republic 1 : 500,000 published in 2007, modified to be INSPIRE-compliant (cut-out for the area of the Czech Republic, harmonized data).

Geological map of the Czech Republic 1 : 500,000 (GEOCR500)
The GEOCR500 dataset was processed completely digitally in ArcGIS 9.1 and integrated within a regional geographic information system.

Geological map of the Czech Republic 1 : 500,000 for the OneGeology-Europe project
The GEOCR500 dataset was processed completely digitally in ArcGIS 9.1 and integrated within a regional geographic information system.

Geological Map of the Iberian Peninsula, Balearic and Canary Islands, scale 1:1,000,000, 1995 edition.
The Geological Map of the Iberian Peninsula, Balearic and Canary Islands or Geological Map of Spain at a scale of 1:1,000,000 is a map developed by the Geological Survey of Spain (IGME) on a cyclical basis since its foundation, being the 1995 version the first to be digitised. This map is an infrastructure of homogeneous and global geological knowledge of a geological unit of continental scale such as the Iberian Peninsula. The map contains the chronolithostratigraphic units with representation of the tectonic structure by means of faults and thrusts. It is also accompanied by two chronolithostratigraphic legends (Peninsula and Balearic and Canary Islands) and the conventional signs. Each of the geological units has an associated description, the dominant rock types and the chronostratigraphic age with precision down to the Flo, when available. There is no difference between the contacts of the map units, all of them being considered as lithological contacts, with the exception of those that are the product of faults. The map is consistent with a topographic base at a scale of 1:1,000,000 prior to the BCN 1000 of the IGN, which is only available in paper format. The geological information on the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands is in UTM projection, zone 30, Postdam datum. The information on the Canary Islands is in UTM projection, zone 28, datum Pico de las Nieves. The map is distributed free of charge in shape format through the IGME website.

Geological Map of the Netherlands
This map shows the sediments close to the surface (or sea bottom), down to a depth of about 5 meters. This map is based on existing maps of the former Rijks Geologische Dienst and, where necessary, supplemented by unpublished data. The sediments are classified according to the new lithostratigraphical legend used by TNO since 1997. This classification is based on lithological and seismological properties, and on stratigraphic position and origin. The age of the sediments is not taken into account in this classification.

Geological Map of the Republic of Srpska
The Geological map of the Republic of Srpska (1:300.000) is the first clear map of Srpska that shows geological structure and the history of the terrain creation from the Paleozoic to the Quaternary, covering the period of more than 600 million years. Knowledge of geological structures is particularly important for every state, because it conditions the richness or poverty in terms of mineral resources. A type and kind of rocks are prerequisites for the creation of drinking water reserves, and bedrocks, together with climatic factors, condition the soil type important for food production. The relief is also conditioned by a geological structure and enables the utilization of water energy for electricity production.

Geological map of the South Portuguese Zone. Scale 1/400.000. 2020 edition.
Geological map of the South Portuguese Zone, at a scale of 1/400,000, in which the geological legend on both sides of the border has been harmonized, with unified criteria between Spain and Portugal. This cartography is a product resulting from the GEO_FPI project: GEO_FPI: cross-border observatory for the geo-economic evaluation of the Iberian Pyrite Belt, financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) within the program INTERREG V-A Spain– Portugal (POCTEP) 2014-2020. The main beneficiary of the project is the Geological Survey of Spain (IGME). Additionally, the General Directorate of Industry, Energy and Mines of the Ministry of Employment, Enterprise and Commerce of the Andalusian Government (JA) and the Portuguese National Laboratory for Energy and Geology (LNEG) and the Municipal Chamber of Aljustrel (CMA) are partners of the project.

Geological Map of the Western Carpathians and Adjacent Areas 1 : 500 000
Geological Map of the Western Carpathians and Adjacent Areas at a scale of 1 : 500 000 compiled by J. Lexa et al.( 2000). The map contains both polyline and polygon layers. The basis used for the compilation of this map is the Geological Map of the Slovak Republic at a scale of 1:500 000, compiled by A. Biely et al.(1996) with amendments derived from the geological maps of the neighbouring countries.

Geological maps of the CR at a scale of 1 : 25,000 (1955–2001, raster)
940 digital printed and manuscriptive geological maps at the scale of 1: 25,000 from the CGS Archive (1955–2001), including manuscriptive, graphic supplements and printed text legends for the maps (static data and raster images).

Geological shallow boreholes under INSPIRE
Boreholes chiefly penetrating the shallow subsurface, enabling detailed characterisation of layers to a maximum depth of about 500 metres.

Geological/geochemical evidences and indicators for gas hydrate. CAGE. Point data.
Geological/geochemical evidences and indicators for gas hydrate acquired from samples and cores. Data are represented as points. Data are collected by The Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate.The Arctic University of Norway (CAGE-UiT)

Geological/geochemical evidences and indicators for gas hydrate. IPMA.Point data.
Geological/geochemical evidences and indicators for gas hydrate acquired from samples and cores. Data are represented as points. Data are collected by IPMA, Univ aveiro, Moscow State University and GEOMAR

Geological/geochemical evidences and indicators for gas hydrate. MARUM.Point data.
Geological/geochemical evidences and indicators for gas hydrate acquired from samples and cores. Data are represented as points. Data are collected by MARUM

Geological/geochemical evidences and indicators for gas hydrate. Point data.
Geological/geochemical evidences and indicators for gas hydrate acquired from samples and cores. Data are represented as points.

Geological/geochemical evidences and indicators for gas hydrate. PrIchornomorSRGE. Point data.
Geological/geochemical evidences and indicators for gas hydrate acquired from samples and cores. Data are represented as points. Data are collected by PrIchornomorSRGE

Geological/geochemical evidences and indicators for gas hydrate. UCD. Point data.
Geological/geochemical evidences and indicators for gas hydrate acquired from samples and cores. Data are represented as points. Data are collected by UCD, Ireland

Geological/geochemical evidences and indicators for gas hydrate. Universidade de Vigo. Point data.
Geological/geochemical evidences and indicators for gas hydrate acquired from samples and cores. Data are represented as points. Data are collected by Universidade de Vigo

Geological/geochemical evidences of gas hydrate. Represented as polygons.

Geological/geochemical evidences of gas hydrate. Represented as polygons. Data from A.P. Karpinsky Russian Geological Research Institute

Geological/geochemical evidences of gas hydrate. Represented as polygons. Data from Prichornomorske State Regional Geological Enterprise

The lithological map at a scale of 1:1,000,000 has been obtained by assigning the most representative lithology or lithological association to each cartographic unit on the map. It has been based on the original classification of the edited map, which has been subsequently revised, giving rise to the current classification.

Geologically documented objects (GDO)
This application "Geologically documented objects" enables the user to buy his selected data from the database of the geologically documented objects of the Czech Republic (scil. borehole database) managed by the CGS using credit on his account. The database covers the territory of the CR and contains information on about 720,000 documented objects (boreholes, shafts, quarries, caves, wells, surface streams, reservoirs etc.) including about 620,000 borehole profiles and about 120,000 hydrogeological records. To find the desired objects the user can use a built-in map application or search the database by attributes.

Geologická mapa SR M 1:1 000 000
Geologická mapa Slovenskej republiky, J. Vozár, Š. Káčer a kol., 1998, M 1 : 1 000 000.

Geologická mapa SR M 1:1 000 000: Ukladacia služba
Sieťová služba priestorových údajov poskytuje verejné rozhranie ku geopriestorovým údajom (líniová a plošná reprezentácia geologickej mapy). Služba je postavená na štandarde OGC konzorcia (Open Geospatial Consortium) ako ukladacia (WFS) služba, štandardoch definovaných W3C konzorciom ako služba so SOAP rozhraním a proprietárnom architektonickom štýle fy ESRI - ArcGis mapová služba s REST rozhraním. Údaje získané touto službou môžu byť spracované a verejnosti prezentované na úrovni vlastných aplikačných desktop a web rozhraní, ktoré dokážu spracovať služby v ktoromkoľvek z ponúkaných štandardov a technologických riešení.

Geologická mapa SR M 1:1 000 000: Zobrazovacia služba
Sieťová služba priestorových údajov poskytuje verejné rozhranie ku geopriestorovým údajom (líniová a plošná reprezentácia geologickej mapy). Služba je postavená na štandarde OGC konzorcia (Open Geospatial Consortium) ako zobrazovacia (WMS) služba, štandardoch definovaných W3C konzorciom ako služba so SOAP rozhraním a proprietárnom architektonickom štýle fy ESRI - ArcGis mapová služba s REST rozhraním. Údaje získané touto službou môžu byť spracované a verejnosti prezentované na úrovni vlastných aplikačných desktop a web rozhraní, ktoré dokážu spracovať služby v ktoromkoľvek z ponúkaných štandardov a technologických riešení.

Geologická mapa SR M 1:200 000
Prehľadná geologická mapa Slovenskej republiky, V. Bezák – hlavný redaktor, 2008, M 1:200 000

Geologická mapa SR M 1:200 000: Ukladacia služba
Sieťová služba priestorových údajov poskytuje verejné rozhranie ku geopriestorovým údajom (líniová a plošná reprezentácia geologickej mapy). Služba je postavená na štandarde OGC konzorcia (Open Geospatial Consortium) ako ukladacia (WFS) služba, štandardoch definovaných W3C konzorciom ako služba so SOAP rozhraním a proprietárnom architektonickom štýle fy ESRI - ArcGis mapová služba s REST rozhraním. Údaje získané touto službou môžu byť spracované a verejnosti prezentované na úrovni vlastných aplikačných desktop a web rozhraní, ktoré dokážu spracovať služby v ktoromkoľvek z ponúkaných štandardov a technologických riešení.

Geologická mapa SR M 1:200 000: Zobrazovacia služba
Sieťová služba priestorových údajov poskytuje verejné rozhranie ku geopriestorovým údajom (líniová a plošná reprezentácia geologickej mapy). Služba je postavená na štandarde OGC konzorcia (Open Geospatial Consortium) ako zobrazovacia (WMS) služba, štandardoch definovaných W3C konzorciom ako služba so SOAP rozhraním a proprietárnom architektonickom štýle fy ESRI - ArcGis mapová služba s REST rozhraním. Údaje získané touto službou môžu byť spracované a verejnosti prezentované na úrovni vlastných aplikačných desktop a web rozhraní, ktoré dokážu spracovať služby v ktoromkoľvek z ponúkaných štandardov a technologických riešení.

Geologická mapa SR M 1:50 000
Geologická mapa Slovenska M 1:50 000 [online]. Bratislava: Štátny geologický ústav Dionýza Štúra, 2013. Dostupné na internete: http://apl.geology.sk/gm50js.

Geologická mapa SR M 1:50 000: Ukladacia služba
Sieťová služba priestorových údajov poskytuje verejné rozhranie ku geopriestorovým údajom (líniová a plošná reprezentácia geologickej mapy). Služba je postavená na štandarde OGC konzorcia (Open Geospatial Consortium) ako ukladacia (WFS) služba, štandardoch definovaných W3C konzorciom ako služba so SOAP rozhraním a proprietárnom architektonickom štýle fy ESRI - ArcGis mapová služba s REST rozhraním. Údaje získané touto službou môžu byť spracované a verejnosti prezentované na úrovni vlastných aplikačných desktop a web rozhraní, ktoré dokážu spracovať služby v ktoromkoľvek z ponúkaných štandardov a technologických riešení.

Geologická mapa SR M 1:50 000: Zobrazovacia služba
Sieťová služba priestorových údajov poskytuje verejné rozhranie ku geopriestorovým údajom (líniová a plošná reprezentácia geologickej mapy). Služba je postavená na štandarde OGC konzorcia (Open Geospatial Consortium) ako zobrazovacia (WMS) služba, štandardoch definovaných W3C konzorciom ako služba so SOAP rozhraním a proprietárnom architektonickom štýle fy ESRI - ArcGis mapová služba s REST rozhraním. Údaje získané touto službou môžu byť spracované a verejnosti prezentované na úrovni vlastných aplikačných desktop a web rozhraní, ktoré dokážu spracovať služby v ktoromkoľvek z ponúkaných štandardov a technologických riešení.

Geologická mapa Západných Karpát M 1:500 000
Geologická mapa Západných Karpát a priľahlých území, J. Lexa a kol., 2000, M 1:500 000.

Geologická mapa Západných Karpát M 1:500 000: Ukladacia služba

Geologická mapa Západných Karpát M 1:500 000: Zobrazovacia služba

Geology field notes with coordinates in Kwale County, Kenya (NERC grant NE/M008894/1)
Geological observations during field walks, with coordinates, photographs and descriptions of rocks/geological materials and features at the various stops.

Geology of Ukraine
General geological map of Ukraine. Scale 1:1 000 000

Geomagnetic field map 1 : 500,000 (GEOCR500)
Web Map Service (WMS) displays the map of the magnetic anomalies ?T of the Czech Republic territory at the scale 1 : 500,000 (K. Šalanský, 1995).

Geomagnetic field map 1 : 500,000 (GEOCR500)
ArcGIS Server Service displaying the Magnetic Map of the Czech Republic at a scale of 1 : 500,000 (K. Šalanský, 1995).

Geomagnetic characterization
Patterns of magnetic anomalies attributable to rock magnetism.

Geomagnetic map 1 : 500,000 (GEOCR500)
Magnetic map (K. Šalanský, 1995) of the Czech Republic in a scale 1 : 500,000 (GEOCR500) in the izanomal T (Z) form. Selected basic interval of isolines of 25 n T represents sufficiently accurately the course of the magnetic field. The map si complemented by the list of reports where are noticed basis which were used for the preparation of magnetic maps. The map is complemented by the selection of literature for interpretation of magnetic anomalies.

Geomagnetic Observatory Budkov
Geomagnetic Observatory Budkov monitors the Earth's magnetic field. Geomagnetic observations started in 1967, since 1994 is Budkov a certified observatory of the INTERMAGNET Network to which the data are transferred, recently with sampling rates 1 minute and 1 second.

Geomagnetic observatory hourly and minute means
Hourly and minute means of the geomagnetic field vector components from observatories around the world from, respectively, 1883 and 1969, to the present day. At present there are about 160 observatories. These data are useful for tracking changes in the magnetic field generated inside and outside the Earth. Data are produced by a number of organisations around the world, including BGS. Data are available in plain text from www.wdc.bgs.ac.uk.

Geomagnetic Observatory Year Books.
Collection of annual publications from the global network of magnetic observatories. They typically contain tabulations of hourly, monthly and annual mean values of the geomagnetic elements. Contains all magnetic observatory year books held by the World Data Centre for Geomagnetism (Edinburgh).

Geomagnetism Offprint Collection
Offprints of articles relating to Geomagnetism from 1822 to 1981. Offprints collected by Kew Observatory, Meteorological Office, Edinburgh and Greenwich Observatory (Herstmonceux castle). The first page of each offprint has been digitised to produce a finding aid.

Geomanifestations - Ireland
Geomanifestations in the Irish one-country pilot. Dataset compiled and harmonised by the Geological Survey Ireland.

Geomanifestations - Pannonian Basin
Geomanifestations in the Pannonian Basin area of interest. Compiled and harmonised from datasets of WP4 partners Mining and Geological Survey of Hungary, Geological Survey of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatian Geological Survey and Geological Survey of Slovenia.

Geomanifestations - Roer-to-Rhine
Geomanifestations in the Roer-to-Rhine area of interest. Compiled and harmonised from datasets of WP3 partners Flemish Planning Bureau for the Environment and Spatial Development, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences – Geological Survey of Belgium, Flemish Institute for Technological Research and Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research.

Geomechanical and discrete fracture networks in Thomas et al. 2020, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth (NERC Grant NE/L000660/1)
Data supporting 'Effective permeability tensors of three-dimensional numerically grown geomechanical discrete fracture networks with evolving geometry and mechanical apertures', submitted to the Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. Authors: Robin N Thomas (corresponding, robin.thomas11@imperial.ac.uk), Adriana Paluszny, Robert W Zimmerman. Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London. Contents: For each GDFN, the geometry at each growth step. Additionally, for GDFN E, the data shown in the paper (aperture and flow distributions, figures 6 and 7) are provided, including the displacement for the mechanical case, and pressure distributions which were not shown in the manuscript. For the two SDFN sets, the geometry of the four datasets shown in figures 4 and 5 are provided. Notes: - The geometry files are provided in the .3dm format, Rhinocerous' native format ( https://www.rhino3d.com/). A free trial of Rhinocerous can be used to explore the files, and can convert them to a range of other CAD file types. - VTK files can be viewed using free software such as Paraview ( https://www.paraview.org/). These contain the meshes. - Fracture surface areas reported in the paper are derived from the mesh, rather than the geometry. The mesh approximates the geometry leading to a different surface area than those measured in the geometry (3dm) files. - The SDFN datasets are shown before trimming the parts of fractures which are outside the domain. These parts are trimmed when they are imported to ICGT.

Geomechanical properties of the Carboniferous Middle Coal Measures (Boreholes GGC01 and GGA08)
A brief description of ten core plug samples collected from borehole GGC01 (Glasgow, United Kingdom) is provided, as well as for twelve 15-50 g cuttings samples from 1m intervals within borehole GGA08. Samples were also collected from borehole GGA02 but not used for further analyses. Data comprise results from geomechanical tests, permeability and porosity measurements, and X-Ray Diffraction analyses performed on drillcore samples of sandstones, siltstones, mudstones and coals from eleven depth intervals within the GGC01 borehole. Geomechanical data include triaxial compressional strength, tensile strength, and frictional strength. Frictional strength data was also collected for cuttings samples of sandstones, siltstones, mudstones and coals from the GGA08 borehole. In total twenty-three tensile strength tests were performed on ten sampled intervals, and seven porosity measurements pre-and post-failure were taken. Nine triaxial compressive strength tests and twenty-one frictional strength tests were performed, with permeability measured both before and after failure or shear respectively. From compressive strength tests we also determined the Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio. Samples and data are derived from the UK Geoenergy Observatories Programme funded by the UKRI Natural Environment Research Council and delivered by the British Geological Survey.

Geomechanical Properties of the Carboniferous Middle Coal Measures: Influence on fracture fluid flow and frictional stability during geothermal utilisation (UKGEOS Glasgow)
UKGEOS and Core Sample Analysis. Geomechanical testing was performed to determine triaxial compressional strength, tensile strength, frictional strength and permeability of sandstones, siltstones, mudstones and coals from eleven depth intervals within the GGC01 borehole, UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS), Glasgow, United Kingdom. Frictional strength tests were also performed on cuttings samples of sandstones, siltstones, mudstones and coals from the GGA08 borehole, Glasgow, United Kingdom. In total twenty-three tensile strength tests were performed on ten sampled intervals, and seven porosity measurements pre-and post-failure were taken. Nine triaxial compressive strength tests and twenty-one frictional strength tests were performed, with permeability measured both before and after failure or shear respectively. From compressive strength tests we also determined the Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio. Results of X-Ray Diffraction are also included in the dataset.

GeoMol WMS Upper Austria - Upper Bavaria selected maps
Within the framework of the 2012 – 2015 Interreg IV project GeoMol (Assessing subsurface potentials of the Alpine Foreland Basins for sustainable planning and use of natural resources) basic information on the subsurface of the Molasse Basins north and south of the Alps has been compiled and cross-border harmonized in 3D geological models by project partners from Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Slovenia and Switzerland. This web service provides a selection of maps from the Upper Austria – Upper Bavaria area, one of the project’s overall 5 pilot areas, as examples for the range of thematic map series derived from the 3D geological models prepared in the GeoMol project and held available in the web services of www.geomol.eu.

Geomorphic map (NERC grant NE/I022434/1)
Geomorphological map of the Sutlej and Yamuna fans, northwestern India. Grant abstract: India is the largest agricultural user of groundwater in the world. The last 40 years has seen a revolutionary shift from large-scale surface water management to widespread groundwater abstraction, particularly in the northwestern states of Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan. As a result of this, northwestern India is now a hotspot of groundwater depletion, with 'the largest rate of groundwater loss in any comparable-sized region on Earth' (Tiwari et al., 2009). This unsustainable use of groundwater becomes even more challenging when set increasing demands from a burgeoning population and industrialisation, together with potential but poorly understood effects of climate-driven changes in the water cycle. There are a number of innovative socio-economic strategies that can address this issue, including enhanced recharge and subsurface water storage, but their implementation and success depend on solid regional understanding of the geology and hydrogeology of the aquifer systems, and of the patterns and rates of groundwater flow and recharge. What we know about regional groundwater resources comes largely from either low-resolution studies based on satellite data, or from local investigations; there has been no large-scale, cross-state integrated study of the groundwater system. Groundwater in northwestern India is thought to be largely hosted within buried, sandy former river channels, which extend from the Himalayas toward the southwest and are separated by fine-grained muds. Only a few channels are visible at the surface; most are buried and their existence must be inferred. Our approach is founded on the premise that we must first understand the geology and geometry of the aquifer system before we can hope to estimate the way it will respond to a complex set of future stresses. This means that we must be able to describe the locations, sizes, and characteristics of these channels as well as their age and three-dimensional pattern. Once these characteristics are determined, we can forecast the likely future behaviour of the system. In this proposal, we will provide, for the first time, a regional assessment of the aquifer system in northwestern India, along with models for its evolution under changes in the water cycle and in the way in which groundwater is used. Our project will combine expertise in sedimentology, stratigraphy, sediment routing and basin evolution, hydrology, and isotope geochemistry to understand the geological framework of the aquifer system, the ages of the groundwaters within it, and the ways in which groundwater levels are likely to evolve over the next 50 years. The outcomes of the proposal will include (1) a comprehensive data base that covers the northwestern Indian aquifer system, (2) much better understanding of regional sources, ages, and flow rates of groundwater, and (3) a suite of predictions for how the groundwater system will respond to a range of different future scenarios.

Geomorphology
The data were compiled by BGR from the EMODnet geology partner organisations in the EMODnet Geology project phase III between 2017 and 2021.The scale varies between 10 000 and 5 000 000.

Geomorphology - polygons
Geomorphology polygons....

geomorphology (preliminary features)
The data were compiled by BGR from the EMODnet geology partner organisations in the EMODnet Geology project between 2017 and 2021.The scale varies between 10 000 and 5 000 000.

geomorphology line
The data were compiled by BGR from the EMODnet geology partner organisations in the EMODnet Geology project.

Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1974/WH/23: Pockmark Study, Forties area (5/12/1974 to 19/12/1974)
This geophysical and sampling survey took place in December 1974 off Aberdeen, Forties area and Firth of Forth aboard the MV Whitethorn. The purpose was to collected data as a continuation of a previous Pockmark study. The cruise was organized by the Continental Shelf Unit II of the Institute of Geological Sciences (now British Geological Survey) representative from British Petroleum, the institute of Oceanographic Sciences, Bath University and the Engineering and Marine Geophysics units of IGS (BGS) took part. Bad weather hampered the planned survey work, during this time routine IGS work or equipment testing was carried our near the lea shore. Sea floor data were collected using and echosounder and sidescan sonar. Subsurface data were collected using a Pinger. Sample data were collected using gravity corer, shipek grab and vibrocorer. The survey objectives were hampered by bad weather. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the cruise are contained in BGS report WB/75/3C. BGS Geotechnical report WN/EG/76/12.

Geophysical and Sampling Survey 2015/6_0915S MASTS SEEP: Hatton-Rockall Basin (14/Jul/2015 to 27/Jul/2015)
This marine geophysical and sampling survey took place from 14 to 27 July 2015 in the area of Hatton-Rockall Basin on board the MRV Scotia. The survey was carried out as a joint venture between partners of the Marine Alliance for Science and Technology in Scotland (MASTS), included (British Geological Survey (BGS), University of Aberdeen, Scottish Association for Marine Science, Marine Scotland Science and National Museum of Wales). The aim of the survey was cold seep habitat detection. Seabed samples were collected using a Gravity corer, van veen grab, megacorer, trawls. The geology component of the data is archived at the British Geological Survey (BGS) MEDIN Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. Biological data are archived at DASSH. Technical details of the survey are contained in the Report of Survey.

Geophysical and transport properties of salt rocks during loading and exposed to dissolution (NERC Grant NE/X012751/1)
The dataset gather data from a dual experiment conducted to the study (i) the stress dependence of ultrasonic (elastic) waves and permeability of salt rocks, and (ii) the monitoring of controlled dissolution in an intact halite sample and a cracked (fractured) one. The tests were run in the high-pressure room-temperature (20°C) experimental setup for flow-through tests at the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton (NOCS) (Falcon et al. 2016). The rig consists of a triaxial vessel equipped with (i) ultrasonic sensors that allow measuring P- and S-wave velocities and their attenuation factors using the pulse echo method (McCann and Sothcott, 1992), and (ii) two rigs of electrodes embedded into the rubber sleeve of the pressure vessel for collecting electrical resistivity data that can be used to build up an electrical tomography of the sample (North el al. 2013). The rig has automatic control of both confining and pore pressure (ISCO EX-100D system). For the operating conditions and in homogeneous samples, the bulk electrical resistivity error is <1% for bulk resistivities <100 Ω m, increasing up to 5% with the degree of heterogeneity and above this resistivity value, at frequencies 1–500 Hz (North et al., 2013). Regarding the ultrasonic data, the technique and instrumentation used in this experiment provide velocity precision of ± 0.1% and accuracy of ± 0.3% (95% confidence), and attenuation accuracy of ± 0.1 dB cm-1 within the frequency range 300-1000 kHz (Best, 1992). The dataset presented here show the ultrasonic data at a single frequency of 600 kHz, obtained from Fourier analysis of broadband signals. Permeability to water and to N2 can be both determined with the aid of integrated flowmeters and pore pressure sensors both up- and downstream of the rock sample. The rock samples include: Pre-Cambrian salt (unknown well, Pakistan (source: www.likit.co.uk/)), Cambrian salt (unknown well, Tunguska Basin, Russia), Triassic salt (Arm Hill #1 well, NW Lancashire, UK), and Messinian salt (3A GN3 S02 well, core # 19, near Marianopoli, Sicily). 2.5 cm length, 5 cm diameter core plugs were extracted from precursor rocks, composition estimated by X-ray diffraction analysis, and connected porosity by He-pycnometry. Falcon-Suarez, I., North, L., Amalokwu, K., Best, A., 2016. Integrated geophysical and hydromechanical assessment for CO2 storage: shallow low permeable reservoir sandstones. Geophysical Prospecting 64, 828-847, http://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2478.12396. McCann, C., Sothcott, J., 1992. Laboratory measurements of the seismic properties of sedimentary rocks. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 65, 285-297, https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1992.065.01.22. North, L., Best, A.I., Sothcott, J., MacGregor, L., 2013. Laboratory determination of the full electrical resistivity tensor of heterogeneous carbonate rocks at elevated pressures. Geophysical Prospecting 61, 458-470, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.2012.01113.x.

Geophysical archive
This database contains reports and assessments including geophysical measurements made since the 1950s. It also contains research studies and projects carried out in the Czech Republic and abroad. Access to the archive is provided by the Geophysical Archive Unit, located at the CGS office in Brno.

Geophysical Borehole Log Index
The Geophysical Borehole Log index provides details of hardcopy geophysical logs known to BGS. The index provides the storage location of the logs and details of the format they are available in, eg. paper, at a scale of 1:200. The data is updated when new data becomes available. Contains most geophysically logged bores known to BGS National Geological Records Centre. Scattered distribution of boreholes, locally dense coverage, few logs from Scotland.

Geophysical data index
This data set is a compilation of all known marine geophysical survey lines. From this index, you can get an overview on available geological knowledge for European seas together with contact information for further details.

Geophysical data index Croatia
Offshore seismic lines from Croatia

Geophysical data index Estonia
Since 1981 approximately 35 900 km of seismic lines were acquired, covering nearly all of Estonian offshore area on different grid, with the exception of the shallow nearshore areas. The seismic profiles are available in analogue or in digital format. Present digital seismic data is available in Meridata file format.

Geophysical data index GEUS Denmark
Geophysical data for which GEUS (Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland) is custodian

Geophysical data index Latvia
From 1976 to 1991, approximately 24,500 km of Common Depth Point (CDP) seismic lines were acquired, covering nearly all of Latvia's offshore area on a 2x2 km seismic grid, with the exception of the shallowest nearshore areas. The seismic profiles are available in analogue format on magnetic tapes, with some of them having been processed and available digitally in *.sgy file format.

Geophysical data index Malta
Geophysical data from Malta. Due to confidentiality data are shown as polygons

Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from BGR. Lines.
Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR). Line data.

Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from CAGE-UiT. Point data.
Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from CAGE-UiT, Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate.The Arctic University of Norway . Data are represented as points.

Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from CAGE-UiT. Polygons.
Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from CAGE-UiT. Data are represented as polygons.

Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from CSMS University of Haifa. Polygons.
Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from CSMS University of Haifa. Data are represented as polygons.

Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from GEUS. Polygons.
Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS). Data are represented as polygons.

Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from MIGRATE. Polygons.
Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from MIGRATE. Data are represented as polygons.

Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from National Oceanography Centre,UK‏. Polygons.
Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from National Oceanography Centre,UK‏. Data are represented as polygons.

Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from the British Geological Survey. Lines.
Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from the British Geological Survey. Line data.

Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from UCD, Ireland. Point data.
Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from The University College Dublin. Data are represented as points.

Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from UNI-Hamburg. Polygons.
Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from UNI-Hamburg. Data are represented as polygons.

Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from Uni Bremen. Lines.
Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data from Uni Bremen. Line data.

Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Line data.

Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Point data.
Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Data are represented as points.

Geophysical indicators for gas hydrate. Polygons.

Geophysical Information System of the Geological and Mining Institute of Spain (IGME)
Geophysical database available in the IGME corresponding to the following methodologies: Electrical (SEV, SEDT and Electrical Profiles), Testification, Gravimetry, Petrophysics, Airborne (flight lines and meshes), Electomagnetic (MT) and Seismic (seismic lines and sections seismic, TIF and SEG-Y).

Geophysical measurements
Map application displays layers, thematically divided according to the geophysical methods used for the data acquisition. The map application contains the geophysical measurements paid by the Czech state, carried out mainly by former company Geofyzika Brno. Application displays the following map layers: seismic (2D reflection seismic and well shoots), vertical electric sounding (polygons, lines, points), gravimetry (map ot the Bauguers anomalies) and localization of the geophysical surveys on the territory of the Czech Republic (both regional and local).

Geophysical measurements (surveys, gravimetry, seismic, VES)
ArcGIS Server service contains information on geophysical measurements made mainly by Geofyzika Brno since the early 1950s. Areas covered by regional surveys are depicted on 1:200 000 scale maps and local small-scale measurements at scale of 1:50 000. Service contains also layers of seismic (2D reflection seismic and well shoots), vertical electric sounding (polygons, lines, points) and localization of the geophysical surveys on the territory of the Czech Republic (both regional and local).

Geophysical measurements (surveys, gravimetry, seismic, VES)
WMS service contains information on geophysical measurements, layers of gravimetry and seismic vertical electric sounding (VES) on the territory of the Czech Republic.

Geophysical methods - code list
Database contains a codes of geophysical methods.

Geophysical polygon data index
Geophysics that are shown as polygons. Sometimes the real position of geophysical lines cannot be shown because of confidentiality reasons and in this case a polygon that shows the approximate location is used instead. In other cases the geophysics is best represented by a polygon – for example for 3D seismic surveys.

Geophysical Properties Databank.
The Geophysical Properties dataset consists of density, velocity, magnetic susceptibility and thermal conductivity values, with related source, location and geology data. The data have been collected on a project basis, therefore the quality and completeness of the database coding is variable. The data is currently from the UK and Ireland although this may be extended. The data consists of samples with related data values - (1,000s), Density Values - Laboratory Measurements - (1,000s); Velocity Values - Laboratory Measurements - (1,000's), Magnetic Susceptibility Values - Laboratory Measurements - (1,000s); Magnetic Susceptibility Values - Field Measurements - (10,000s measurements on 1,000s samples). Borehole information for data obtained as Downhole profiles with related data values; British Rock Densities Project - Insitu density values obtained from the analysis of formation density logs - (10s boreholes with 100s values). Downhole Magnetic Susceptibility - Obtained for a confidential project with some offshore - (10s boreholes with 10,000s samples) . Thermal Conductivity - (100s boreholes with 1,000s samples), Mean Data Values derived from a data source such as published literature for a site or rock formation; Density - (100s), Magnetic Susceptibility - (100s). Information about the source from which data is obtained, Engineering Geology Laboratory Reports - (100s), Literature which may be published or unpublished - (100s). The database is not maintained and no new data has been added since 2004.

Geophysical quantification of seafloor greenhouse gas: the effect of gas bubble and hydrate morphology on sediment geophysical properties. (NERC grant NE/J022403/1)
The first dataset consists of the data to accompany the paper 'Modelling acoustic scattering, sound speed, and attenuation in gassy soft marine sediments' by A. Mantouka, H. Dogan, P.R. White and T.G. Leighton. This paper was published as J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 140, 274 (2016); http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4954753. The second dataset consists of the data to accompany an as-yet unpublished study, which will be entitled 'Acoustic wave propagation in gassy porous marine sediments: the rheological and the elastic effects' by H. Dogan, P.R. White and T.G. Leighton.

Geophysical surveys
ArcGIS Server service contains information on geophysical measurements made mainly by Geofyzika Brno since the early 1950s. Areas covered by regional surveys are depicted on 1:200 000 scale maps and local small-scale measurements at scale of 1:50 000.

Geophysical surveys
This database contains information on geophysical measurements made mainly by Geofyzika state enterprise, Brno and its successor organizations since the early 1950s. Areas covered by regional surveys are depicted on 1 : 200.000 scale maps and local small-scale measurements at scale of 1 : 50.000.

Geophysical Surveys – INSPIRE download service (theme Geology)
Download service (ATOM feed) displaying the Geophysical Surveys dataset that has been harmonized to be INSPIRE-compliant.

Geophysical Surveys – INSPIRE harmonized (theme Geology)
This database contains information on geophysical measurements made mainly by Geofyzika Brno state enterprise and its successor organizations since the early 1950s. Areas covered by regional surveys are depicted on 1 : 200,000 scale maps and local small-scale measurements at scale of 1 : 50,000. The layer has been transformed according to the INSPIRE data specification for the Campaign object from the Geophysics application scheme.

Geophysical surveys – INSPIRE view service (theme Geology)
INSPIRE View service contains information on geophysical surveys made mainly by Geofyzika Brno since the early 1950s. Surveys have been classified in 10 classes according to the INSPIRE classification for survey type.

Geophysical Surveys In Africa
Data from geophysical surveys in many African countries carried out by the British Geological Survey for different agencies. The surveys range from regional gravity and airborne magnetic mapping to targetted surveys for mineral and water. Individual surveys do not yet have metadata entries: this entry describes a notional database that represents all geophysical surveys carried out within the region.

Geophysical Surveys In Latin America.
Data from geophysical surveys in many South American and Caribbean countries carried out by the British Geological Survey for different agencies. The surveys range from regional gravity and airborne magnetic mapping to targetted surveys for mineral and water. Individual surveys do not yet have metadata entries: this entry describes a notional database that represents all geophysical surveys carried out within the region.

Geophysical Surveys In The Middle And Far East
Data from geophysical surveys carried out by the British Geological Survey in many countries in the Middle East, the Indian sub-continent and Indo-China for different agencies. The surveys range from regional gravity and airborne magnetic mapping to targetted surveys for mineral and water. Individual surveys do not yet have metadata entries: this entry describes a notional database that represents all geophysical surveys carried out within the region.

Geophysical, hydraulic and mechanical properties of synthetic versus natural sandstones under variable stress conditions. (NERC grant NE/R013535/1)
The use of synthetic samples for rock physics experiments in the lab is a common practice for reservoir characterization and reservoir studies. This dataset gather ultrasonic P- and S-wave velocities and attenuations, electrical resistivity, axial and radial strains, permeability and mineralogical composition, of two synthetic and two natural sandstones, measured at variable realistic reservoir conditions of stress. The data were collected during an original study which aimed to assess the extent to which the measured properties between synthetic and natural sandstones are comparable. The work was accepted for publication in Geophysical Prospecting on the 01/10/2018, which can be accessed following the link: https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2478.12699 Falcon-Suarez, I.H., Amalokwu, K., Robert, K., North, L., Best, A.I., Delgado-Martin, J., Callow, B., Sahoo, S.K. (accepted). Comparison of stress dependent geophysical, hydraulic and mechanical properties of synthetic and natural sandstones for reservoir characterisation and monitoring studies. Geophysical Prospecting

GeoPLASMA-CE – Shallow Geothermal Energy Planning, Assessement and Mapping Strategies in Central Europe - GeoPLASMA-CE (project 20016-2019)
Webové stránky mezinárodního projektu GeoPLASMA-CE (7/2016–6/2019) zabývajícího se využitím mělké geotermální energie pro vytápění a chlazení ve střední Evropě. Pilotní oblasti výzkumu jsou Vogtland – západní Čechy, Valbřich – Broumovsko, Krakov, Vídeň, Bratislava a Lublaň. Na řešení se podílí jedenáct partnerů z řad státních geologických služeb, vysokých škol, neziskových organizací, správních úřadů i soukromých společností z ČR, Německa, Polska, Slovenska, Rakouska a Slovinska.

GeoScour - A Geological assessment of the potential for river scour
BGS GeoScour provides river scour susceptibility information for Great Britain using a three-tiered data provision allowing increasing levels of understanding at different resolutions from catchment to local (channel/reach) scales. GeoScour includes 11 GIS layers, providing information on the natural characteristics and properties of catchment and riverine environments for the assessment of river scour in Great Britain. The data product fills a gap in current scour modelling, with the input of geological properties. It provides an improved toolkit to more easily assess and raise the profile of scour risk, now and in the future, to help infrastructure providers and funders prioritise resources, identify remedial works to preclude costly and prevent disruptive failures. The data product has broad applications through its adaptation to suit multiple types of asset likely to be affected by fluvial erosion. The GeoScour Data Product is designed to be used by multiple stakeholders with differing needs and therefore, can be interrogated at a number of levels. Tier 1 data provides a summary overview of the catchment characteristics, typical response type, and evolution. It can be used as a high-level overview for incorporation into catchment management plans, national reviews and catchment comparisons. Tier 2 data are available as smaller catchment areas and focusses on providing data for more detailed catchment management, natural flood management and similar uses. It analyses geological properties such as flood accommodation space, catchment run-off potential, and geomorphology types, as well as additional summary statistics of key environmental parameters such as protected sites and urban coverage. Tier 3 data provide the detailed riverine information that is designed to be incorporated into more complex river scour models. It provides the baseline geological context for river scour development and processes and identifies important factors that should be considered in any scour model. Factors such as material mineralogy, strength and density are key properties that can influence a river’s ability to scour. In addition, an assessment of river fall, sinuosity and flood accommodation space is also provided. This data is of use to all users assessing the propensity for river scour for any given reach of a river across Great Britain. Tier 1 and 2 data are available with an OGL, Tier 3 data is licenced.

GeoScour v2 - A geological assessment of the potential for river scour
BGS GeoScour v2 provides river scour susceptibility information for Great Britain using a three-tiered data provision allowing increasing levels of understanding at different resolutions from catchment to local (channel/reach) scales. GeoScour v2 includes 18 GIS layers, providing information on the natural characteristics and properties of catchment and riverine environments for the assessment of river scour in Great Britain. The dataset product fills a gap in current scour modelling, with the input of geological properties. It provides an improved toolkit to more easily assess and raise the profile of scour risk, now and in the future, to help infrastructure providers and funders prioritise resources, identify remedial works to preclude costly and prevent disruptive failures. The product has broad applications through its adaptation to suit multiple types of asset susceptible to fluvial erosion. GeoScour looks specifically at the geological factors that influence scour and does not consider any hydraulic or hydrodynamic factors. The GeoScour Dataset Product is designed to be used by multiple stakeholders with differing needs and therefore, can be interrogated at a number of levels. Tier 1 A catchment stability dataset provides a summary overview of the catchment characteristics, typical response type, and evolution. It can be used as a high-level overview for incorporation into catchment management plans, national reviews and catchment comparisons using Tier 2 datasets are available as smaller catchment areas and focusses on providing data for more detailed catchment management, natural flood management and similar uses. It analyses geological properties such as flood accommodation space, catchment run-off potential, geomorphology types, and additional summary statistics for worst, average, and best-case scenarios for underlying surface geology scour susceptibility, as well as additional summary statistics of key environmental parameters such as protected sites and urban coverage. Tier 3 datasets provide the detailed riverine information that is designed to be incorporated into more complex river scour models. It provides the baseline geological context for river scour development and processes and identifies important factors that should be considered in any scour model. Factors such as material mineralogy, strength and density are key properties that can influence a river’s ability to scour. In addition, an assessment of river fall, sinuosity and flood accommodation space is also provided. This data is of use to those assessing the propensity for river scour for any given reach of a river across Great Britain and can be used as an input into hydraulic/hydrodynamic models. Tier 1 and 2 datasets are Open Government Licence (OGL), Tier 3 is licenced.

GeoServer Web Map Service
Harmonized geo-energy, mineral resource and area management data coming from various countries based on key economic and geological parameters

GeoSure Basic
The GeoSure data sets and reports from the British Geological Survey provide information about potential ground movement or subsidence in a helpful and user-friendly format. The reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. Complete Great Britain national coverage is available. GeoSure Basic is a single, combined GeoSure model, containing only the highest score of all the GeoSure layers. The model has been re-classified to negligible - very low, low and moderate - high. The methodology is based on the 6 GeoSure individual hazard Assessments. The storage formats of the data are ESRI and MapInfo but other formats can be supplied.

GeoSure Basic version 8
GeoSure Basic is a single, combined GeoSure model, based on the 6 geohazard layers produced for the GeoSure dataset package. The methodology behind GeoSure Basic uses only the highest score of all the GeoSure layers, which cover: Collapsible Deposits, Compessible Ground, Landslides, Running Sand, Shrink Swell, and Dissolution. The resulting model has been re-classified to show 'Negligible - Very Low', 'Low', and 'Moderate - High' potential for natural geohazards. Complete Great Britain national coverage is available.

GeoSure Collapsible Deposits
The GeoSure datasets and related reports from the British Geological Survey provide information about potential ground movement due to six types of natural geological hazard, in a helpful and user-friendly format. The reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. The Collapsible Ground dataset provides an assessment of the potential for a geological deposit to collapse (to subside rapidly) as a consequence of a metastable microfabric in loessic material. Such metastable material is prone to collapse when it is loaded (as by construction of a building, for example) and then saturated by water (as by rising groundwater, for example). Collapse may cause damage to overlying property. The methodology is based on BGS DiGMapGB-50 (Digital Map) and expert knowledge of the origin and behaviour of the formations so defined. It provides complete coverage of Great Britain, subject to revision in line with changes in DiGMapGB lithology codes and methodological improvements. The storage formats of the data are ESRI and MapInfo but other formats can be supplied.

GeoSure Compressible Deposits
The GeoSure data sets and reports from the British Geological Survey provide information about potential ground movement or subsidence in a helpful and user-friendly format. The reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. The methodology is based on BGS DiGMap (Digital Map) and expert knowledge of the behaviour of the formations so defined. This dataset provides an assessment of the potential for a geological deposit to compress under an applied load, a characteristic usually of superficial deposits such as peat or alluvium. Some types of ground may contain layers of very soft materials like clay or peat. These may compress if loaded by overlying structures, or if the groundwater level changes, potentially resulting in depression of the ground and disturbance of foundations. Complete Great Britain national coverage is available. The storage formats of the data are ESRI and MapInfo but other formats can be supplied.

GeoSure Extra: Debris Flow Susceptibility Model for Great Britain (Version 6.0)
The Debris Flow Susceptibility Model for Great Britain version 6.0 (DFSM_GB_v6.0) provides information on the likelihood of debris flows occurring at a given location based on a combination of digital geological, hydrogeological and topographic data. It is a raster dataset at 50m resolution, showing susceptibility for debris flows on a scale A (lowest likelihood) to E (highest likelihood). The methodology develops an additional dimension to the BGS GeoSure Landslides surface layer (Dashwood et al., 2014) and is designed for users interested specifically in debris flow susceptibility. The identification of debris flow hazards can assist regional planners; rapidly identifying areas with potential problems and aid local government offices in making development plans by helping to define land suited to different uses. Other users of these data may include developers, homeowners, asset owners, solicitors, loss adjusters, the insurance industry, architects and surveyors. The DFSM (Debris Flow Susceptibility Model) GB v6.0 was completed in March 2017.

GeoSure Extra: Shrink-Swell Subsurface v1
This addition to the GeoSure ground stability data consists of a single data layer in Geographical Information System (GIS) format that identifies areas of potential shrink-swell hazard at subcrop level (up to 10 metres depth) in Great Britain. It is essentially a national hazard susceptibility map. This data has been produced by geologists, geotechnical specialists and information developers at the British Geological Survey and is presented as a GIS data layer. Swelling clays can change volume due to variation in moisture, this can cause ground movement, particularly in the upper two metres of the ground that may affect many foundations. Ground moisture variations may be related to a number of factors, including weather variations, vegetation effects (particularly growth or removal of trees) and the activities of people. Such changes can affect building foundations, pipes or services.

GeoSure ground stability data product version 8
BGS GeoSure identifies, at 1:50 000 scale, areas of susceptibility and considers the following specific hazard processes that can occur in Great Britain: 1. Shrink–Swell: Swelling clays change in volume due to changes in water content; this can lead to movements (up or down) in the upper two metres of the ground, which may affect property foundations. 2. Landslides (Slope Instability): Slope instability occurs when particular slope characteristics combine to make the slope unstable. Downslope movement of materials (landslide) may cause damage to foundations, services or impact damage to buildings. 3. Soluble Rocks (Dissolution): Ground dissolution occurs when certain types of rocks, containing layers of soluble material, get wet and the soluble material dissolves. This can cause underground cavities to develop. These cavities reduce support to the ground above and can lead to a collapse of overlying rocks. 4. Compressible Ground: Some types of ground may contain layers of very weak materials such as peat or some types of poorly structured clays. These may compress if loaded by overlying structures, or if the groundwater level changes. This compression may result in depression of the ground surface, potentially disturbing foundations and services. 5. Collapsible Deposits: Some soils may collapse when a load (building or road traffic) is placed on them, especially if they become saturated. Such collapse may cause damage to overlying property or services. 6. Running Sand: Some rocks and soils can contain loosely packed sandy layers that can become fluidised by water flowing through them. Such sands can ‘run’ (flow), potentially removing support from overlying buildings and causing damage.

GeoSure Insurance Data
The GeoSure data sets and reports from the British Geological Survey provide information about potential ground movement or subsidence in a helpful and user-friendly format. The reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. Complete Great Britain national coverage is available. The Insurance Data give an index level assessment of the potential for a geological deposit to create financial insurance loss. The methodology is based on the 6 GeoSure individual hazard assessments. The storage formats of the data are ESRI and MapInfo but other formats can be supplied.

GeoSure Insurance Product V7 2016.1
This dataset is the Derived Postcode Database issued as part of the GeoSure Insurance V7 incorporating postcode data from OS Code-Point Open version 2016.1. The GeoSure Insurance Product (including the Derived Postcode Database) represents the end of an interpretation process, starting with the BGS Digital Geological Map of Great Britain at the 1:50,000 scale (DiGMapGB-50). This digital map is the definitive record of the types of rocks underlying Great Britain (excluding the Isle of Man), as represented by various layers, starting with Bedrock and moving up to overlying Superficial layers. In 2003, the BGS also published a series of GIS digital maps identifying areas of potential natural ground movement hazard in Great Britain, called GeoSure. There are six separate hazards considered - shrink-swell clays, slope instability, dissolution of soluble ground, running sand, compressible and collapsible deposits. These maps were derived by combining the rock-type information from DiGMapGB-50 with a series of other influencing factors which may cause the geological hazards (e.g. steep slopes, groundwater). In 2005, the BGS used the GeoSure maps to make an interpretation of subsidence insurance risk for Great Britain property insurance industry, released as the new GeoSure Insurance Product. This represents the combined effects of the 6 GeoSure hazards on (low-rise) buildings in a postcode database - the Derived Postcode Database, which can be accompanied by GIS maps showing the most significant hazard areas. The combined hazard is represented numerically in the Derived Postcode Database as the Total Hazard Score, with a breakdown into the component hazards. The GeoSure Derived Postcode Database (DPD) is a stand-alone database, which can be provided separately to the full GeoSure Insurance Product V7. The methodology behind the DPD involves balancing the 6 GeoSure natural ground stability hazards against each other. The GeoSure maps themselves have a fivefold coding (A to E), and the balancing exercise involves comparing each level across the six hazards e.g. comparing a level C shrink-swell clay area with a level C running sand area. The comparison is done by a process involving expert analysis and statistical interpretations to estimate the potential damage to a property (specifically low-rise buildings only). Each level of each of the hazards is given a 'hazard score' which can then be added together to derive a Total Hazard Score at a particular location (e.g. within a given postcode).

GeoSure Running Sand Deposits
The GeoSure data sets and reports from the British Geological Survey provide information about potential ground movement or subsidence in a helpful and user-friendly format. The reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. The methodology is based on BGS DiGMap (Digital Map) and expert knowledge of the behaviour of the formations so defined. This dataset provides an assessment of the potential for a geological deposit to show running sand behaviour under the action of flowing water, a characteristic usually of saturated sand and silt grade material. Complete Great Britain national coverage is available. The storage formats of the data are ESRI and MapInfo but other formats can be supplied.

GeoSure Shrink Swell Deposits
The GeoSure data sets and reports from the British Geological Survey provide information about potential ground movement or subsidence in a helpful and user-friendly format. The reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. The methodology is based on BGS DiGMap (Digital Map) and expert knowledge of the behaviour of the formations so defined. This dataset provides an assessment of the potential for a geological deposit to shrink and swell. Many soils contain clay minerals that absorb water when wet (making them swell), and lose water as they dry (making them shrink). This shrink-swell behaviour is controlled by the type and amount of clay in the soil, and by seasonal changes in the soil moisture content (related to rainfall and local drainage). The rock formations most susceptible to shrink-swell behaviour are found mainly in the south-east of Britain. Clay rocks elsewhere in the country are older and have been hardened by burial deep in the earth and are less able to absorb water. The BGS has carried out detailed geotechnical and mineralogical investigations into rock types known to shrink, and are modelling their properties across the near surface. This research underpins guidance contained in the national GeoSure dataset, and is the basis for our responses to local authorities, companies and members of the public who require specific information on the hazard in their areas. The BGS is undertaking a wide-ranging research programme to investigate this phenomenon by identifying those areas most at risk and developing sustainable management solutions. Complete Great Britain national coverage is available. The storage formats of the data are ESRI and MapInfo but other formats can be supplied.

GeoSure Slope Instability
The GeoSure data sets and reports from the British Geological Survey provide information about potential ground movement or subsidence in a helpful and user-friendly format. The reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. The methodology is based on BGS DiGMap (Digital Map) and expert knowledge of the behaviour of the formations so defined. This dataset provides an assessment of slope instability. Landslide hazard occurs due to particular slope characteristics (such as geology, gradient, sources of water, drainage, man-made constructions) combining to cause the slope to become unstable. Downslope movement of materials, such as a landslide or rockfall may lead to a loss of support and damage to buildings. Complete Great Britain national coverage is available. The storage formats of the data are ESRI and MapInfo but other formats can be supplied.

GeoSure Soluble Rocks
The GeoSure data sets and reports from the British Geological Survey provide information about potential ground movement or subsidence in a helpful and user-friendly format. The reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. The methodology is based on BGS DiGMap (Digital Map) and expert knowledge of the behaviour of the formations so defined. This dataset provides an assessment of the potential for dissolution within a geological deposit. Ground dissolution occurs when certain types of rock contain layers of material that may dissolve if they get wet. This can cause underground cavities to develop. These cavities reduce support to the ground above and can lead to a collapse of overlying rocks. Dissolution of soluble rocks produces landforms and features collectively known as 'karst'. Britain has four main types of soluble or 'karstic' rocks; limestone, chalk, gypsum and salt, each with a different character and associated potential hazards. Engineering problems associated with these karstic rocks include subsidence, sinkhole formation, uneven rock-head and reduced rock-mass strength. Sinkhole formation and subsidence has the potential to cause damage to buildings and infrastructure. Complete Great Britain national coverage is available. The storage formats of the data are ESRI and MapInfo but other formats can be supplied.

Geotechnical centrifuge modelling of glacier crevassing - centrifuge test data and recommendations for future work and model construction (NERC grant NE/J014419/1)
There is a report highlighting the approach for model construction and recommendations for any future work. There is an excel file pf processed data including time, centrifuge speed, water pressure, and temperature data. There is a zip folder containing photographs of the models, the instrumentaiton and granular ice used for model construction There is a zip folder containing the raw data.

Geotechnical Database
The Geotechnical Database contains information about site investigation reports, boreholes and samples. It contains geotechnical measurements taken over borehole intervals and on samples. Some of the data is obtained digitally from AGS files (Association of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Specialists - File Transfer Format), some is obtained manually from Site Investigation Reports stored in the National Geoscience Data Centre. The database currently contains geotechnical data from over 450 000 laboratory test samples and core descriptions, borehole observations and in situ tests from over 96 000 boreholes extracted from over 4800 site investigation reports. The database underpins BGS Geo-engineering properties and processes research and is an important information resource for answering enquiries and providing for the data needs of external customers.

Geotechnical site investigation records: Scotland and Northern England.
The collection of over 19,000 site investigation reports for Scotland and Northern England consists of records of boreholes, trial pits, geotechnical results and interpretative reports acquired from various sources. The collection started c.1960 to cater for the increasing amount of post-war shallow drilling for building and road construction which was kept separately by the Survey from the Borehole Journal collection reserved for deeper geologist examined mineral bores. The site investigation reports are available for consultation on microfilm. Only the factual parts of reports are available for public inspection. Reports for Northern England are held in the Shallow Borehole File (SB), now no longer added to. All site investigation reports (except SB files) are indexed on the Land Survey Record Index (LSRI) and all boreholes and trial pits contained in the reports (those with adequate site plans) are indexed on the Single Onshore Borehole Index (SOBI).

Geotermálne útvary podzemných vôd
Geotermálne útvary podzemných vôd. Obsahuje plošné vrstvy.

Geotermálne útvary podzemných vôd: Ukladacia služba
Sieťová služba priestorových údajov poskytuje verejné rozhranie ku geopriestorovým údajom (reprezentácia geotermálnych útvarov podzemných vôd). Služba je postavená na štandarde OGC konzorcia (Open Geospatial Consortium) ako ukladacia (WFS) služba, štandardoch definovaných W3C konzorciom ako služba so SOAP rozhraním a proprietárnom architektonickom štýle fy ESRI - ArcGis mapová služba s REST rozhraním. Údaje získané touto službou môžu byť spracované a verejnosti prezentované na úrovni vlastných aplikačných desktop a web rozhraní, ktoré dokážu spracovať služby v ktoromkoľvek z ponúkaných štandardov a technologických riešení.

Geotermálne útvary podzemných vôd: Zobrazovacia služba
Sieťová služba priestorových údajov poskytuje verejné rozhranie ku geopriestorovým údajom (plošná reprezentácia geotermálnych útvarov podzemných vôd). Služba je postavená na štandarde OGC konzorcia (Open Geospatial Consortium) ako zobrazovacia (WMS) služba, štandardoch definovaných W3C konzorciom ako služba so SOAP rozhraním a proprietárnom architektonickom štýle fy ESRI - ArcGis mapová služba s REST rozhraním. Údaje získané touto službou môžu byť spracované a verejnosti prezentované na úrovni vlastných aplikačných desktop a web rozhraní, ktoré dokážu spracovať služby v ktoromkoľvek z ponúkaných štandardov a technologických riešení.

Geothermal energy potential
ArcGIS Server service displays Geothermal maps of various depths.

Geothermal energy potential
WMS service displays Geothermal maps of various depths.

Geothermal Information Platform of Hungary - OGRE
The website is available at https://map.mbfsz.gov.hu/ogre_en Kvarter talp: A térkép a negyedidőszaki üledékösszlet talpmélységét ábrázolja a terepszint alatti mélységben (m) kifejezve. Felső-pannóniai talp A térkép a felső-pannóniai üledékösszlet talpmélységét ábrázolja a terepszint alatti mélységben (m) kifejezve.
Pannóniai talp: A térkép a pannóniai üledékösszlet talpmélységét ábrázolja a terepszint alatti mélységben (m) kifejezve.
Prekainozoos aljzat felszíne A térkép a prekainozoos medencealjzat felszínét ábrázolja a terepszint alatti mélységben (m) kifejezve. A 30 °C izoterma becsült mélysége: A térkép egy egyszerűsítet konduktív (csupán hőáramlást feltételező) geotermikus modellszámítás eredményeként mutatja a 30 °C-os izoterma mélységét a neogén porózus medencekitöltő üledékekben a terepszint alatti mélységben (m) kifejezve. Az 50 °C izoterma becsült mélysége: A térkép egy egyszerűsítet konduktív (csupán hőáramlást feltételező) geotermikus modellszámítás eredményeként mutatja az 50 °C-os izoterma mélységét a neogén porózus medencekitöltő üledékekben a terepszint alatti mélységben (m) kifejezve. A 75 °C izoterma becsült mélysége: A térkép egy egyszerűsítet konduktív (csupán hőáramlást feltételező) geotermikus modellszámítás eredményeként mutatja a 75 °C-os izoterma mélységét a neogén porózus medencekitöltő üledékekben a terepszint alatti mélységben (m) kifejezve. A 100 °C izoterma becsült mélysége: A térkép egy egyszerűsítet konduktív (csupán hőáramlást feltételező) geotermikus modellszámítás eredményeként mutatja a 100 °C-os izoterma mélységét a neogén porózus medencekitöltő üledékekben a terepszint alatti mélységben (m) kifejezve. A 125 °C izoterma becsült mélysége: A térkép egy egyszerűsítet konduktív (csupán hőáramlást feltételező) geotermikus modellszámítás eredményeként mutatja a 125 °C-os izoterma mélységét a neogén porózus medencekitöltő üledékekben a terepszint alatti mélységben (m) kifejezve. Hévízkút: Magyarország 30 °C-nál magasabb kifolyóvíz hőmérséklettel rendelkező hévízkútjait és annak legfontosabb adatait tartalmazza. Hévízkút állapot: A hévíz kutak állapotát mutatja (aktív, lezárt, eltömedékelt). Hévízkutak geotermikus gradiense: A talphőmérséklet adatokból (ahol elérhető) a kútra számított geotermikus gradiensek. A magas értékek vízáramlásra (konvekció) utalnak és kedvező geotermikus adottságokat jeleznek. A prekainozoos aljzatfelszín hőmérséklete (konduktív modell): A térkép egy egyszerűsített konduktív (csupán hőáramlást feltételező) geotermikus modellszámítás eredményeként mutatja a prekainozoos medencealjzat felszínére számított hőmérsékletet °C-ban kifejezve.
Jelentős volumenű felszín alatti vízáramlás (konvekció) esetén a ténylegesen mérhető hőmérsékletek eltérőek lehetnek. Különösen jelentősek lehetnek ezek az anomáliák az erősen karsztosodott karbonátos képződmények és egyes szerkezeti vonalak esetében.
A térkép méretaránya 1:500 000. Geotermikus projektek: A térkép a geotermikus távfűtési-, termálvizes városfűtési-, és geotermikus áramtermelő projektek helyszíneit és legfőbb adatait mutatja. Kvarter 30–50 °C tető: A térkép azt a területi elterjedést, illetve ennek mélységét jelöli, ami alatt a negyedidőszaki üledékekben nagy valószínűséggel 30–50 °C-os termálvíz található. Kvarter 30–50 °C talp: A térkép annak a negyedidőszaki üledékösszletnek a talpmélységét jelöli, amelyben nagy valószínűséggel 30–50 °C-os termálvíz található. Felső-pannóniai 30–50 °C tető: A térkép azt a területi elterjedést, illetve ennek mélységét jelöli, ami alatt a felső-pannóniai üledékekben nagy valószínűséggel 30–50 °C-os termálvíz található. Felső-pannóniai 30–50 °C talp: A térkép annak a felső-pannóniai üledékösszletnek a talpmélységét jelöli, amelyben nagy valószínűséggel 30–50 °C-os termálvíz található. Felső-pannóniai 50–75 °C tető: A térkép azt a területi elterjedést, illetve ennek mélységét jelöli, ami alatt a felső-pannóniai üledékekben nagy valószínűséggel 50–75 °C-os termálvíz található. Felső-pannóniai 50–75 °C talp: A térkép annak a felső-pannóniai üledékösszletnek a talpmélységét jelöli, amelyben nagy valószínűséggel 50–75 °C-os termálvíz található. Felső-pannóniai 75–100 °C tető: A térkép azt a területi elterjedést, illetve ennek mélységét jelöli, ami alatt a felső-pannóniai üledékekben nagy valószínűséggel 75–100 °C-os termálvíz található. Felső-pannóniai 75–100 °C talp: A térkép annak a felső-pannóniai üledékösszletnek a talpmélységét jelöli, amelyben nagy valószínűséggel 75–100 °C-os termálvíz található. Felső-pannóniai 100–125 °C tető: A térkép azt a területi elterjedést, illetve ennek mélységét jelöli, ami alatt a felső-pannóniai üledékekben nagy valószínűséggel 100–125 °C-os termálvíz található. Felső-pannóniai 100–125 °C talp: A térkép annak a felső-pannóniai üledékösszletnek a talpmélységét jelöli, amelyben nagy valószínűséggel 100–125 °C-os termálvíz található. Felső-pannóniai 125 °C < tető: A térkép azt a területi elterjedést, illetve ennek mélységét jelöli, ami alatt a felső-pannóniai üledékekben nagy valószínűséggel 125 °C-nál melegebb termálvíz található. Felső-pannóniai 125 °C < talp: A térkép annak a felső-pannóniai üledékösszletnek a talpmélységét jelöli, amelyben nagy valószínűséggel 125 °C-nál melegebb termálvíz található. 2500 m alatt megfúrt prekainozoos mészkő–dolomit réteg: 2500 m alatt megfúrt prekainozoos mészkő-dolomit réteg a fúrás helyével és alapvető törzsadataival. 2500 m alatt megfúrt prekainozoos réteg: 2500 m alatt megfúrt prekainozoos réteg a fúrás helyével és alapvető törzsadataival. 2500 m-nél mélyebb karbonátos aljzatfelszín képződmény: A felszíntől számított 2500 m-nél mélyebben fekvő aljzatfelszín karbonátos képződményei (Haas et al. 2010). 2500 m-nél mélyebb mélységi magmás, metamorf aljzatfelszín képződmény: A felszíntől számított 2500 m-nél mélyebben fekvő aljzatfelszín mélységi magmás, metamorf képződményei (Haas et al. 2010). 2500 m-nél mélyebb ismeretlen aljzatú terület: A felszíntől számított 2500 m-nél mélyebben fekvő ismeretlen aljzatképződmények (HAAS et al. 2010).
Hivatkozások:
HAAS JÁNOS, BUDAI TAMÁS, CSONTOS LÁSZLÓ, FODOR LÁSZLÓ, KONRÁD GYULA 2010: Magyarország pre-kainozoos földtani térképe 1: 500 000 (Pre-Cenozoic geological map of Hungary, 1:500000). A Magyar Állami Földtani Intézet kiadványa. 2010 Geotermikus távfűtés: A térkép azokat a településeket mutatja, ahol a távhő szolgáltatás teljesen-, vagy részben geotermikus alapú. Egyéb távfűtés: A térkép a távfűtéssel ellátott településeket, valamint az ott működő távhő szolgáltatókat és termelőket mutatja be. Termálvíztest (VGT2): A térkép a porózus és karsztos termálvíztestek elterjedését mutatja.

Geothermal map - Depths of the 150°C isotherm
The underground geothermal conditions can be presented, irrespective of the aquifers' position, with the appropriate geothermal maps. This map shows the expected depths of the isotherm of 150 °C and is made with data from 191 boreholes. In a way, it is the inverse of those ordinary temperature maps showing the temperature at certain depths. It is made on the basis of measured temperatures in accessible boreholes throughout the country. However, since the temperature field depends on the geological structure in the depths and tectonic characteristics, the course of contours results of many influences, such as thermal conductivity of rocks, permeability and fracturing of rocks, all of which are reflected in the measured temperatures in boreholes. However, the permeability and fracturing of rocks decrease with greater depths, which are for this map in the west and south and in parts of northern Slovenia quite great to this isotherm. The distribution of boreholes, which were useful for the measurement of temperature, is very uneven, and different as regard the depths. The map of depths to 150 °C isotherm shows a positive anomaly in the northeastern part of Slovenia. As a result of thin Earth's crust in the area and the higher conductive heat flow from the Earth's mantle, there are higher temperatures and thus are inversely smaller depths to the isotherm of 150 °C.

Geothermal map - Depths of the 90°C isotherm
The underground geothermal conditions can be presented, irrespective of the aquifers' position, with the appropriate geothermal maps. This map shows the expected depths of the isotherm of 90 °C and is made with data from 191 boreholes. In a way, it is the inverse of those ordinary temperature maps showing the temperature at certain depths. It is made on the basis of measured temperatures in accessible boreholes throughout the country. However, since the temperature field depends on the geological structure in the depths and tectonic characteristics, the course contours result of many influences, such as thermal conductivity of rocks, permeability and fracturing of rocks, all of which are reflected in the measured temperatures in boreholes. The distribution of boreholes, which were useful for the measurement of temperature, is very uneven, and different as regard the depths. The map of depths to 90 °C isotherm shows a positive anomaly in the northeastern part of Slovenia. As a result of thin Earth's crust in the area and the higher conductive heat flow from the Earth's mantle, there are higher temperatures and thus are inversely smaller depths to isotherm of 90 °C.

Geothermal maps - WCS services
Map represents the calculated (surface) heat-flow density (HFD) in mW/m2 with topographic correction. It is made with data from 119 boreholes from the measured temperatures in the available boreholes and measured thermal conductivity on cored rock samples from the same boreholes. The pattern of the HFD isolines is affected by numerous parameters, particularly the thermal conductivity of rocks, rock permeability and fracturing, fluid content of the rocks, and all are reflected in the measured temperature gradient in the boreholes.

Geothermal maps - WMS services
Map represents the calculated (surface) heat-flow density (HFD) in mW/m2 with topographic correction. It is made with data from 119 boreholes from the measured temperatures in the available boreholes and measured thermal conductivity on cored rock samples from the same boreholes. The pattern of the HFD isolines is affected by numerous parameters, particularly the thermal conductivity of rocks, rock permeability and fracturing, fluid content of the rocks, and all are reflected in the measured temperature gradient in the boreholes.

Geothermal plants in the PERFORM project
Geothermal plants are often exposed to problems that affect the performance of the plant. Typical problems are mineral scaling, particles clogging, corrosion and temperature/stress related effects of geothermal flow and injectivity. In the PERFORM project contains data about the properties and geology of the reservoirs, the chemistry of the water and precipitates and the construction of the plants. The goal is to give recommendations that can help the operators to avoid or mitigate the problems The PERFORM project especially focuses on the deep reservoirs (> 1 km deep). The plants are represented as points.

Geothermal potential – conflicts of interest
ArcGIS Server service displays .....

Geothermal Potential Assessment Based on the Temperature at Top of Upper Jurassic
GeoMol Pilot Area Upper Austria - Upper Bavaria: Map of temperature distribution at the top of Upper Jurassic as the principal geothermal aquifer, arranged in six use-specific temperature ranges. Map derived from the 3D geological model and temperature model as prepared in the GeoMol Project. Details in the Project Report http://www.geomol.eu/report/

Geothermal Wells in the DARLINGe project area
Dataset contains locations and obligatory metadata properties of geothermal wells that were identified and catalogued in the Danube Region Leading Geothermal Energy (DARLINGe) project in 2017-2019. For more information visit the project website at https://www.darlinge.eu/

GeoZS superficial geology
The harmonized geological map of Slovenia is a simplified version of the 1:250 000 scale Geological Map of Slovenia (Buser, 2009). This was compiled from the Geological Base Map of Slovenia at a scale of 1: 100.000 (contributed by various authors during the 1960's up to the 1980's) and the work was completed using new information gathered by Buser. The map is basically lithostratigraphic. The two layers incorporated in the map are lithostratigraphic units and major faults. The faults depicted on the map were selected using two criteria; regional extent and tectonic importance. The map presented here was edited specifically for the purpose of the OneGeology-Europe project by M. Bavec, M. Novak, M. Poljak, M. Trajanova and D. Skaberne.

German Borehole Locations
The German Borehole Locations (GBL) provides access to borehole data in the Federal Republic of Germany provided by the Geological State Organisations (GSO). In Germany, the GSO are responsible for the storage, processing and release of information on boreholes. Within the framework of a joint project, the drilling data are compiled centrally at BGR in a generalized form using the BoreholeML exchange format. The spatial data set contains the transmitted header information of the boreholes from the participating federal states in BoreholeML coding. This coding can be resolved into plain text via the supplied Data Specification -codeLists-. The same information is also available in the Borehole Map Germany https://boreholemap.bgr.de/ on the tab “Header Information” for each drilling.

German Borehole Locations (WMS)
The German Borehole Locations (GBL) contains all disposable borehole data in the Federal Republic of Germany provided by the German Survey Organizations (GSO). The 16 GSO are responsible for data storage, processing and transmission of all borehole related data. In the context of a nationwide cooperation project the header information of borehole data is collected by the BGR via the exchange format BoreholeML to establish a centralized access point. This service permits an easy access to the accumulated borehole data from the participating federal states. The first two aggregated layer show the drilling density distribution in a defined raster, while the single locations only appear in greater scales. The header data is queriable from each location. The web application Borehole Map Germany makes use of this service as one major source https://boreholemap.bgr.de/

Germanium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Germanium (Ge), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Gibraltar cave monitoring 2004-2011 (NERC Grant NE/D005280/1, NE/G007292/1, NE/M012689/1)
The file contain data for local meteorology , soil and cave temperatures and groundwater drip rates measured in sea Michaels and Ragged Staff caves, Gibraltar. Meteorological data were recorded at the RAF Meteorological Office located 3 km away from the cave. The locations of environmental monitoring sites are described in Mattey et al. (2010) The cave monitoring, sampling and analysis program obtained data via continuous logging. Reference. MATTEY, D.P., Fairchild, I.J., Atkinson, T.C., Latin, J.P., Ainsworth, M., Durell, R., 2010. Seasonal microclimate control of calcite fabrics, stable isotopes and trace elements in modern speleothem from St Michaels Cave, Gibraltar, In Tufa and Speleothem pp. 323-344.

GIC - Geoscience Information Consortium
Website of the association of informatics of national Geological Surveys Organisations (GSOs) "GIC - Geoscience Information Consortium". The GIC was established to exchange information among GSOs on the use and management of geoscience information systems for the international support of Earth sciences.

GlaciStore: A Summary of the Cross-Border Seismic Stratigraphic Interpretation, report from the North Sea Aquifers UKCCSRC Call 1 project (Feb 2013 - Aug 2015)
Project report 'A summary of the methodology for the seismic stratigraphic interpretation for the 'GlaciStore' bid to IODP' prepared by the lead organisation, British Geological Survey (BGS), with contributions from University of Edinburgh and BGS participants. The report describes the method followed and data followed for the interpretation of seismic, well, borehole and bathymetry data. The objective of the interpretation is to inform the selection of sites for a scientific drilling proposal and demonstrate the proponents have sufficient understanding of the proposed site. Future scientific investigation and interpretation of the data are also proposed. The interpretation was undertaken as the 'cross-border geology' component of the UK CCS RC Call 1 ‘North Sea Aquifers' project. The report is a pdf format file and is also available for download at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/513372/. UKCCSRC Grant UKCCSRC-C1-30.

GlaciStore: cover sheet to full proposal to IODP, UK CCS RC, Call 1 (1 April 2015)
Full proposal cover sheet for scientific drilling (852-CPP) 'GlaciStore: Understanding Late Cenozoic glaciation and basin processes for the development of secure large-scale offshore CO2 storage (North Sea)', submitted to Integrated Ocean Discovery Programme (IODP) April 2014. The full proposal cover sheet document is publicly available from IODP; the submitted full proposal document is restricted to the proponents for publication and for review and response from IODP. The lead submitter, on behalf to the GlaciStore consortium is Heather Stewart, British Geological Survey (BGS).The 30 proponents are from research and industry organisations in the UK, Norway and USA (BGS, Institute for Energy Technology, Lundin Norway AS, SINTEF Energy Research, Statoil ASA, University of Bergen, University of Edinburgh, University of Oslo and University of Texas at Austin). The full proposal cover sheet states the names of proponents of the ‘GlaciStore’ consortium and contact details for the lead submitter of the bid. The full proposal cover sheet comprises: an abstract of the submitted full proposal including description of project funding support as a Complementary Project Proposal: describes and states the scientific research objectives; summarises proposed non-standard measurements; tabulates details of the 13 proposed drill sites (revised from pre-proposal stage) to address the scientific objectives. The objectives are to investigate: glacial history and sedimentary architecture; fluid flow and microbial processes in shallow sediments; and the stress history and geomechanical models for strata that have experienced multiple glacial and interglacial cycles. The table of proposed drilling sites includes the co-ordinates of the position and water depth at each proposed site, the objective for drilling and sampling and the depth to achieve the objective. The proponents, their affiliation, expertise and role for the submission are listed. UKCCSRC Grant UKCCSRC-C1-30.

GlaciStore: Cover sheet to pre-proposal to IODP, UK CCS RC Call 1 (31 March 2014)
Pre-proposal cover sheet for scientific drilling 'GlaciStore: Understanding Late Cenozoic glaciation and basin processes for the development of secure large-scale offshore CO2 storage (North Sea)', submitted to Integrated Ocean Discovery Programme (IODP) March 2014. The pre-proposal cover sheet document is publicly available from IODP; the submitted pre-proposal document is restricted to the proponents for publication and to progress to full proposal to IODP. The lead submitter, on behalf to the GlaciStore consortium is Heather Stewart, British Geological Survey (BGS).The 25 proponents are from research and industry organisations in the UK and Norway (BGS, Institute for Energy Technology, Lundin Norway AS, SINTEF Energy Research, Statoil ASA, University of Bergen, University of Edinburgh and University of Oslo). The pre-proposal cover sheet states the names of proponents of the 'GlaciStore' consortium and contact details for the lead submitter of the bid. The pre-proposal cover sheet comprises an abstract of the submitted pre-proposal, describes and states the scientific research objectives, and tabulates details of the 12 proposed drill sites to address the scientific objectives. The objectives are to investigate the glacial history and sedimentary architecture, fluid flow and processes, and the stress history and geomechanical response in strata that have experienced multiple glacial and interglacial cycles. The table of proposed drilling sites includes the co-ordinates of the position and water depth at each proposed site, the objective for drilling and sampling and the depth to achieve the objective. The IODP pre-proposal cover sheet is a pdf format file. UKCCSRC Grant UKCCSRC-C1-30

GlaciStore: Cover sheet to revised full proposal to IODP, UK CCS RC Call 1 (1 April 2016)
Revised full proposal cover sheet for scientific drilling (852-CPP2) 'GlaciStore: Understanding Pleistocene glaciation and basin processes and their impact on fluid migration pathways (North Sea)', submitted to Integrated Ocean Discovery Programme (IODP) April 2016. The full proposal cover sheet document is publicly available from IODP; the submitted full proposal document is restricted to the proponents for publication and for review and response from IODP. The proposal is a revision of full proposal 852-CPP in response to review by IODP. The lead submitter, on behalf to the GlaciStore consortium is Heather Stewart, British Geological Survey (BGS).The 32 proponents are from research and industry organisations in the UK, Norway, USA and Canada (BGS, Institute for Energy Technology, Lundin Norway AS, Memorial University of Newfoundland, SINTEF Energy Research, Statoil ASA, University of Bergen, University of Edinburgh, University of Oslo and University of Ottawa University of Texas at Austin). The revised full proposal cover sheet states the names of proponents of the 'GlaciStore' consortium and details for the lead submitter of the bid. The full proposal cover sheet comprises: an abstract of the submitted full proposal including description of project funding support as a Complementary Project Proposal: describes and states the scientific research objectives; summarises proposed non-standard measurements; tabulates details of the 13 proposed drill sites (revised from full proposal CPP-852) to address the scientific objectives. The objectives are to investigate: glacial history and sedimentary architecture; fluid flow and microbial processes in shallow sediments; and the stress history and geomechanical models for strata that have experienced multiple glacial and interglacial cycles. The table of revised proposed drilling sites includes designation of primary or alternate sites, the co-ordinates of the position and water depth at each proposed site, the objective for drilling and sampling and the depth to achieve the objective. The proponents, their affiliation, expertise and role for the submission are listed. UKCCSRC Grant UKCCSRC-C1-30.

GlaciStore: full proposal to IODP, UK CCS RC, Call 1 (1 April 2015)
Full proposal for scientific drilling (852-CPP) 'GlaciStore: Understanding Late Cenozoic glaciation and basin processes for the development of secure large-scale offshore CO2 storage (North Sea)', submitted to Integrated Ocean Discovery Programme (IODP) April 2014. The proponent 'GlaciStore' consortium comprises research and industry organisations from the UK and Norway. The full proposal describes the relationship of the proposed research with the IODP science plan, regional background and previous work, and describes and illustrates three scientific objectives. The objectives are to investigate: glacial history and sedimentary architecture: fluid flow and microbial processes in shallow sediments; and the stress history and geomechanical models for strata that have experienced multiple glacial and interglacial cycles. The drilling and sampling strategy, standard drilling and logging operations, and the specialist measurements expected to be taken are described. Related initiatives and wider context of the proposed research also the initial and planned strategy for support from industry and government are outlined. The lead submitter, on behalf to the GlaciStore consortium is Heather Stewart, British Geological Survey (BGS).The 30 proponents from the UK and Norway (BGS, Institute for Energy Technology, Lundin Norway AS, SINTEF Energy Research, Statoil ASA, University of Bergen, University of Edinburgh and University of Oslo) and their expertise are listed. The full proposal is a pdf format file. This is restricted to the proponents for publication and to progress to a revised full proposal accepted for drilling by IODP. UKCCSRC Grant UKCCSRC-C1-30.

GlaciStore: pre-proposal to IODP, UK CCS RC, Call 1 (31 March 2014)
Pre-proposal for scientific drilling 'GlaciStore: Understanding Late Cenozoic glaciation and basin processes for the development of secure large-scale offshore CO2storage (North Sea)', submitted to Integrated Ocean Discovery Programme (IODP) March 2014. The proponent 'GlaciStore' consortium comprises research and industry organisations from the UK and Norway. The pre-proposal describes the scientific research objectives, 12 proposed drill sites to address the objectives, the relationship of the research with the IODP science plan, and describes and illustrates three scientific objectives. The objectives are to investigate the glacial history and sedimentary architecture, fluid flow and processes, and the stress history and geomechanical response in strata that have experienced multiple glacial and interglacial cycles cycles. A drilling and sampling strategy and the measurements expected to be taken are also described The lead submitter, on behalf to the GlaciStore consortium is Heather Stewart, British Geological Survey (BGS).The 27 proponents from the UK and Norway (BGS, Institute for Energy Technology, Lundin Norway AS, SINTEF Energy Research, Statoil ASA, University of Bergen, University of Edinburgh and University of Oslo) and their expertise are listed. The pre-proposal is a pdf format file. This is restricted to the proponents for publication and to progress to full proposal to IODP. UKCCSRC Grant UKCCSRC-C1-30.

GlaciStore: revised full proposal to IODP, UK CCS RC, Call 1 (1 April 2016)
Revised full proposal for scientific drilling (852-CPP2) 'GlaciStore: Understanding Pleistocene glaciation and basin processes and their impact on fluid migration pathways (North Sea)', submitted to Integrated Ocean Discovery Programme (IODP) April 2016. The proponent 'GlaciStore' consortium comprises research and industry organisations from the UK, Norway, USA and Canada. The full proposal describes the relationship of the proposed research with the IODP science plan, sets the regional background and describes and illustrates three scientific objectives. The objectives are to: establish a high-resolution depositional and chronological framework defining multiple cycles of glacial advance and retreat over the last 2.6 Ma by investigating the strata preserved in the centre of the NSB by scientific drilling, sampling and detailed analysis; investigate how the temporal variations in depositional environment and geochemistry of the different stratigraphic units have affected the pore fluids (dissolved gases, salts and isotopes) and the microbial community; determine the measurable impact on geomechanical properties of strata (porosity, rock stiffness, in-situ stresses, pore pressure, fractures) caused by cycles of glacial loading and unloading. The drilling and sampling strategy, standard drilling and logging operations and the specialist measurements expected to be taken are described. Related initiatives and wider context of the proposed research also the initial and planned strategy for support from industry and government are outlined. The lead submitter, on behalf to the GlaciStore consortium is Heather Stewart, British Geological Survey (BGS).The 32 proponents from the UK and Norway (BGS, Institute for Energy Technology, Lundin Norway AS, Memorial University of Newfoundland, SINTEF Energy Research, Statoil ASA, University of Bergen, University of Edinburgh University of Oslo, University of Texas at Austin and University of Ottowa) and their expertise are listed and detailed. Site forms for each of the 13 proposed drilling sites are included.The full proposal is a pdf format file. This is restricted to the proponents for publication and to progress to a revised full proposal accepted for drilling by IODP. UKCCSRC Grant UKCCSRC-C1-30.

Glasgow City Council (GCCL) Geophysical Survey 2002/3: Estuarine Contaminant: Clyde (25/Jun/2002 to 28/Jun/2002)
This marine geophysical survey took place in June 2002 in the Clyde estuary between Greenock and Glasgow aboard the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) vessel Endrick2. The British Geological Survey (BGS) carried out the survey on behalf of Glasgow City Council. The purpose was to gather data which could be used for Estuarine Contamination studies. Subsurface seismic data were gathered using a surface tow boomer. Most of the data were recorded digitally, but paper records were generated also. These data are archived by BGS. This survey forms part of a Clyde Estuarine Report, for details see BGS commissioned Report CR/04/057.

Glasgow City Council (GCCL) Sampling Survey 2002/4_GCC: Estuarine contaminant: River Clyde - Milton to Gorbals (02/Dec/2002 to 05/Dec/2002)
This marine sampling survey took place December 2002 in the River Clyde between Milton and the Gorbals on board Big Buster. The British Geological Survey (BGS) carried out the survey on behalf of Glasgow City Council. The aim was to investigate estuarine geochemistry. Seabed samples were collected using a Van Veen grab and Mackereth piston corer. Surface Water Samples were also collected. Technical details of the survey and sample analyses are contained in BGS Report CR/04/057R.

Glasgow City Council (GCCL) Sampling Survey 2002/5: Estuarine Contaminant - River Clyde outer estuary (22/Oct/2002 - 24/Oct/2002)
This marine sampling survey took place in October 2002 in the River Clyde between the Lower Harbour and Milton (outer estuary) on board the Endrick 2. The British Geological Survey (BGS) carried out the survey on behalf of Glasgow City Council. The aim was to investigate estuarine geochemistry. Seabed samples were collected using Gravity corer, Mackereth corer and Day grab. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Report CR/04/057R.

Glasgow City Council (GCCL) Sampling Survey 2003/2: Estuarine Contamination Study: Clyde (19/Feb/2003 to 20/Feb/2003)
This marine sampling survey took place in February 2003 in the Firth of Clyde on board the Endrick 2. The survey formed part of an estuarine contamination study, looking at the geophysics, geochemistry and engineering properties of sediment and water samples of the Inner Clyde Estuary. The work was undertaken under a co-funding arrangement between the British Geological Survey (BGS) and Glasgow City Council. Ship time was provided by Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) and small boat facilities by the Glasgow Humane Society. 14 grab and gravity core sediment samples were collected by BGS. Details of the study are contained in BGS Commercial Report CR/04/057R.

Glass geochemical data of Late Quaternary tephra from Main Ethiopian Rift (NERC grant NE/L013533/1)
Glass major element geochemical data on Late Quaternary tephra deposits from the Main Ethiopian Rift volcanoes. These data were acquired using Electron Microprobe Analysis, and secondary standard data (MPI-DING glasses) are also included. All samples were given a unique name related to the outcrop from which they were obtained. Outcrops are named "MER" followed by a 3-digit number (e.g. MER153). Samples from a given outcrops are given the same name, followed by a letter (e.g. MER153A). Outcrop localities, with GPS coordinates (Lat Long WGS84) and brief description of the geology are also included. These data are published as Supplementary Files to a paper published in Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research: Fontijn et al (2018), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2018.02.001.

Glass chemistry of eruption deposits from volcanoes around Mexico City (NERC Grant NE/S009035/1)
Electron microprobe glass chemistry data from explosive eruption deposits from Popocatépetl, Iztaccíhuatl and Tláloc-Telapón volcanoes in Central México, spanning the last 700 ka. Associated with the following paper: Sunyé-Puchol, I., Hodgetts, A.G.E., Watt, S.F.L., Arce, J.L., Barfod, D.N., Mark, D.F., Sosa-Ceballos, G., Siebe, C., Dymock, R.C., Blaauw, M., Smith, V.C., 2021. Reconstructing the middle to late Pleistocene explosive eruption histories of Popocatépetl, Iztaccíhuatl and Tláloc-Telapón volcanoes in Central México. J Volcanol Geoth Res 421, 107413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2021.107413

Global geomagnetic observatory annual means.
Annual means of the geomagnetic field vector components from observatories around the world, from 1840 to the present day. At present there are about 160 observatories. These data are useful for tracking changes in the magnetic field generated inside the Earth. Data are produced by a number of organisations around the world, including BGS. Data are available in plain text from www.geomag.bgs.ac.uk. This data is connected to other geomagnetic data sets, but can be used without reference to them.

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data (NERC grant NE/P018858/1)
Single-frequency Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observation data as daily files in compressed Hatanaka format. Near-field deployment of single-frequency receivers along the surface rupture of the 2016 Amatrice & Norcia earthquakes (Central Italy)

Global ultralow-velocity zone properties from seismic waveform modelling (NERC Grant NE/R012199/1)
Open source modeling code, with which all data were generated: https://github.com/kuangdai/AxiSEM-3D This code was primarily developed within the NERC-funded project, and used for a at least 10 publications over the past two years: [1] Wolf, Long, Leng, Nissen-Meyer. Sensitivity of SK(K)S and ScS phases to heterogeneous anisotropy in the lowermost mantle from global wavefield simulations, 2021. GJI, 228, 366–386, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab347 [2] Krier, Thorne, Leng, Nissen-Meyer: A compositional component to the Samoa ultralow-velocity zone revealed through 2- and 3-D waveform modeling of SKS and SKKS differential travel-times and amplitudes, Journal of Geophysical Research. doi:10.1029/2021JB021897 [3] Thorne, M. S., Leng, K., Pachhai, S., Rost, S., Wicks, J., & Nissen-Meyer, T. (2021). The most parsimonious ultralow-velocity zone distribution from highly anomalous SPdKS waveforms. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 22, e2020GC009467. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GC009467 [4] Haindl, Leng, Nissen-Meyer, 2021. A 3D Complexity-Adaptive Approach to Explore Sparsity in Visco-Elastic Wave Propagation, Geophysics, doi.org/10.1190/geo2020-0490.1 [5] Tesoniero, Leng, Long, Nissen-Meyer. Full wave sensitivity of SK(K)S phases to arbitrary anisotropy in the upper and lower mantle, Geophysical Journal International, 222, 412–435, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa171 [6] Thorne, M.S.; Pachhai, S.; Leng, K.; Wicks, J.K.; Nissen-Meyer, T, 2020. New Candidate Ultralow-Velocity Zone Locations from Highly Anomalous SPdKS Waveforms. Minerals 2020, 10, 211. [7] Fernando, Leng, Nissen-Meyer, 2020. Oceanic high-frequency global seismic wave propagation with realistic bathymetry, Geophysical Journal International, 222, 1178–1194, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa248 [8] Leng, Korenaga, Nissen-Meyer, 2020. Three-dimensional scattering of elastic waves by small-scale heterogeneities in the Earth’s mantle, Geophysical Journal International, 223, 1, 502–525, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa331 [9] Szenicer, Leng, Nissen-Meyer, 2020. A complexity-driven framework for waveform tomography with discrete adjoints, Geophysical Journal International, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa349 [10] Leng, Nissen-Meyer, van Driel, Hosseini, Al-Attar, 2019. AxiSEM3D: broad-band seismic wavefields in 3-D global earth models with undulating discontinuities, Geophysical J Int., 217, 2125–2146 Each of publications is based on the code mentioned above, and metadata for running the simulations of the papers are given therein, in a reproducible manner.

Global warming and the Late Permian mass extinction event (NERC grant NE/F011091/1)
Published paper associated with NERC grant NE/F011091/1. Price, G.D., Twitchett, R.J., Wheeley, J.R., Buono, G. 2013. Isotopic evidence for long term warmth in the Mesozoic. Scientific Reports, 3, 1438. doi: 10.1038/srep01438

GNSS observations PPGNET
Network of Permanent GNSS Stations in Greece operated by the Research Institute of Geodesy, Topography and Cartography, Geodetic Observatory Pecny and the Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department of Geophysics, in close cooperation with the Seismological Laboratory of University of Patras

GNSS observations VESOG
Research and experimental network of permanent GNSS stations operated by the Research Institute of Geodesy, Topography and Cartography, Geodetic Observatory Pecny in cooperation with more academic and research institutions in the Czech Republic: Brno University of Technology, Palacky University of Olomouc, Technical University of Ostrava, West-Bohemia University in Pilsen, Institute for atmospehric physics CAS, Military Geography and Hydrometeorologic Office Dobruska.

GNSS satellite orbits and Earth rotation parameters
Orbits of GNSS satellites and Earth rotation parameters based on analysis of GNSS observations from a global network of IGS (International GNSS Service) stations in rapid or ultra-rapid processing mode.

GNSS station coordinate time series
Coordinate time series based on analysing GNSS observations from a subset of EPN (EUREF Permanent Network) or CZECH - GNSS networks in Czech
Republic - VESOG, GEONAS, CZEPOS. It includes daily solutions from EUREF processing or EUREF reanalyses.

Gold isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Gold (Au), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Gorgoglione PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Gorgoglione, Italy. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Gorgoglione PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Gorgoglione, Italy. It has been provided by GAMMA Remote Sensing as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

GPS Time Series For Corbetti and Aluto Volcano, Main Ethiopian Rift, Ethiopia (NERC grant NE/L013932/1)
This data set contains daily position solutions for GPS stations deployed on Corbetti and Aluto volcano, Ethiopia. The results for Aluto were originally published in "Seasonal patterns of seismicity and deformation at the Alutu geothermal reservoir, Ethiopia, induced by hydrological loading", Birhanu et. al. (2018). Corbetti results were partially published in "Sustained Uplift at a Continental Rift Caldera", Lloyd et al. (2018).

GRACE, GLDAS and piezometric data for Makutapora and Limpopo Basins (NERC grant NE/M008932/1)
Monthly time-series data of GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) total terrestrial water storage (TWS), GLDAS (Global Land Data Assimilation System) soil moisture, surface water (surface runoff), snow water storage, and basin-aggregated observations from piezometric data for the Makutapora Basin (Tanzania) and Limpopo Basin (South Africa).

Grain Size data from a selection of tephra occurrences drilled at IODP Sites 350-U1436 and 350-U1437. (NERC grant NE/M005240/1)
120 samples of 57 tephra layers identified at IODP Expedition 350 sites (U1436 and U1437) were used in grain size analysis. Some layers have one grain size measurement, others have multiple measurements throughout the tephra layer.

Graphite CBA favourability map of Europe
Cell based associations (CBA) prospectivity map for graphite in Europe.

Graphite metallogenic map of Europe
Overview map showing the approximate extent of the key Graphite metallogenic areas in Europe.

Gravel and Hard Rock Aggregate in Norway
The Map Service for Gravel and Hard Rock Aggregate Database at NGU contains information on most sand, gravel and hard rock aggregate deposits and extraction places in Norway where the raw material are used for building and construction activities. In addition, the WMS/database gives an overview of stone tips. The database also provides information on land use, volume, operating conditions, manufacturers, quality and how important resources are as raw material to building engineering purposes.

Gravel and Hard Rock Aggregate in Norway
Gravel and Hard Rock Aggregate Database at NGU contains information on most sand, gravel and hard rock aggregate deposits and extraction places in Norway where the raw material are used for building and construction activities. In addition, the WMS/database gives an overview of stone tips. The database also provides information on land use, volume, operating conditions, manufacturers, quality and how important resources are as raw material to building engineering purposes

Gravimetric Map of Switzerland 1:500,000 Bouguer Anomalies
The Bouguer anomaly is defined as the difference between the gravity measured at a specific point on the Earth’s surface and a gravity value calculated at the same point assuming that the Earth’s crust is homogeneous. This map shows both the regional negative anomalies associated with the Alps and the positive anomaly of the Sesia–Finero zone that signifies an excess of mass at depth.

Gravimetric map of the Czech Republic 1 : 500,000 (GEOCR500, raster)
Gravimetric map (J. Sedlák, Geofyzika, a.s., 1998) was published in Atlas of maps of the Czech Republic GEOČR500 in 1998 by CGS. It contains a raster image of gravimetric field. Map was created on the basis of measurements of 283 718 detailed points of gravity.

Gravimetry
WMS service contains inormation from a gravity field survey of the entire of the Czech Republic at the scale of 1:200,000 and 1:25,000; the detailed scale survey nearly 70 % of the Czech Republic area.

Gravimetry
ArcGIS Server service contains information from a gravity field survey of the entire of the Czech Republic at the scale of 1:200,000 and 1:25,000; the detailed scale survey nearly 70 % of the Czech Republic area.

Gravimetry
This database (SDE) contains data from a gravity survey of the entire Czech Republic at the scale of 1:200,000 from the period 1957-1960 (100% of the territory – ca 23 thousand gravity points). Since 1960, the systematic gravity survey at the scale of 1:25,000 has started and covers nearly 70 % of the Czech Republic area. At the end of 2018 the database contains 3,992 gravity points from the old mapping at the scale 1:200,000 and 304,199 points from the detailed mapping 1:25,000; this
new data replaces the old one.

Gridded estimates of travel times for nitrate in the unsaturated zone in six european countries
This dataset consists of gridded estimates of travel times for nitrate in the unsaturated zone for Great Britain (UK), France, the Netherlands, Denmark, Croatia and Slovenia. Data for Croatia and Slovenia are presented from a regional scale pilot study, with data from the remaining countries at the national scale. The dataset was developed in Work Package 5 of the GeoERA Groundwater project HOVER.

Gridded model estimates of nitrate-N stored in the vadose (unsaturated) zone at the global scale from 1900 to 2000
Gridded model estimates of nitrate-N stored in the vadose (unsaturated) zone. This dataset presents annual gridded estimates of nitrate stored in the vadose zone for 1900 - 2000 on a 0.5 degree grid (units: kg N/grid cell). Data are supplied as a single netCDF for all years. This data was derived by Ascott et al. (2017). Global models of depth to groundwater table, subsurface porosity and groundwater recharge were used to derive estimates of nitrate travel time in the vadose zone. The travel time was combined with annual estimates of nitrate leaching from the base of the soil zone for 1900 - 2000 to estimate total nitrate stored in the vadose zone. For full details of the dataset derivation, please refer to Ascott et al. (2017). Ascott, M.J., Gooddy, D.C., Wang, L., Stuart, M.E., Lewis, M.A., Ward, R.S. and Binley, A.M. (2017) Global patterns of nitrate storage in the vadose zone. Nature Communications 8(1), 1416.

Gro for GooD Catchment Characteristics Kwale County Kenya (NERC Grant NE/M008894/1)
The file consists of data sets from Kwale County, Kenya that describe biophysical characteristics of the catchment overlaid as layers. These include Basin, Sub-basins extent, Soil, DEM, Landuse, Slope, Rivers, Outlets and Monitoring Points. The data are in raster, shapefile, polygon, polyline and point format.

Gro for GooD ERT (Electrical Resistivity Tomography) Data, Kwale County, Kenya (NERC grant NE/M008894/1)
Results of Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) conducted in Kwale County, Kenya December 2015 and June 2016 by University of Nairobi and Water Resources Management Authority as part of the Gro for GooD project ( https://upgro.org/consortium/gro-for-good/) to characterize the aquifers in the study area. There were eight transects of length 1.2 to 6km, running W-E and NNE-SSW parallel to coastline. ERT data was analysed using RES2D inversion software. Gro for GooD - Groundwater Risk Management for Growth and Development

Gro for Good Groundwater MicrobialRisk, 2015-2017, Kwale County, Kenya (NERC grant NE/M008894/1)
Results of microbial water quality conducted in Kwale County, Kenya from 2015 to 2017 by University of Oxford and Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya as part of the Gro for GooD project ( https://upgro.org/consortium/gro-for-good/). Water samples from 101 locations (including 31 open wells, 27 deep boreholes, 21 shallow boreholes with handpumps, 15 covered dug wells with handpumps, and 10 surface water sites. This data set contains results for microbial risk parameters including Escherichia coli, thermotolerant coliforms (TTCs) and tryptophan-like fluorescence (TLF). Most samples also have accompanying data on pH, conductivity, water temperature and turbidity. Duplicate and replicate samples are included and indicated by 'Dup' or 'Rep'. Duplicates samples were collected from the same water points within minutes of each other and laboratory replicates were different aliquots from a single sample. Risk classifications of E. coli and TTC data are based on the World Health Organisation's microbial water quality risk grading scheme. Manufacturer recommended sampling protocols were used. The sampled water points were in regular use and boreholes were flushed with either an electric pump or hand-pumping prior to sample collection. Samples from the open wells were drawn with buckets and rope, which were designated for each site and were rinsed prior to sampling to minimise secondary contamination. Daily field and laboratory blank samples were analysed to confirm no secondary contamination or cross-contamination between sites. For the tryptophan-like fluorescence (TLF) measurement, approximately three litres of unfiltered water were pumped or poured into a stainless-steel container (kept in a black box to prevent ambient light from interfering). The container was cleaned with ethanol and triple-rinsed with sample water prior to each measurement. Measurement was conducted for approximately 3 minutes and the median result was used. The probe and its sensor window were kept clean. Air bubble formation on the sensor window was avoided. For the bacteria sampling, sterile purpose-made bags were used for sample collection and immediately stored in a cooler box with ice-packs. They were transported and processed to begin incubation within two to five hours. Gro for GooD: Groundwater Risk Management for Growth and Development

Gro for GooD Land Cover Land Use Data 1990 & 2015, Kwale County, Kenya (NERC grant NE/M008894/1)
This data set contains land cover/land use data for the year 1990 and 2015 obtained through processing of Landsat images of US Geological Survey. These data sets were obtained through a supervised classification carried out with Landsat 8 image for 2015; Landsat 4 and 5 were used for land use classification of 1990. Gro for GooD: Groundwater Risk Management for Growth and Development

Gro for GooD project Chloride rainwater results, Kwale County, Kenya (NERC grant NE/M008894/1)
The data sets contain the monthly rainfall volume from manual rain gauge stations spread across the study area. There are 11 rainfall stations. The rain unit is mm. In addition, the dataset contains the chloride concentration in mg/l of the rainfall, for each month. Blank data (-) means data not available due to not enough rain volume, no rainfall or problems when transporting the samples from Kenya to Barcelona. The data available is only from April 2016 to November 2017. This data is useful to calculate the recharge volume by chloride mass balance (CMB) methodology.

Gro for GooD Rainfall Data from 22 Manual Rain Gauges, Kwale County, Kenya (NERC grant NE/M008894/1)
The dataset consist of daily rainfall data for 22 manual rain gauge stations installed by Gro for GooD project within and about the study area. The installed stations covering four river catchments name Ramisi River, Mukurumudzi River, Mtawa River and Mwachema River in Kwale County. The dataset period is from January 2016 to September 2017. Gro for GooD: Groundwater Risk Management for Growth and Development

Gro for GooD Rainfall Data from 23 Manual Rain Gauges, Kwale County, Kenya (NERC grant NE/M008894/1)
The dataset consists of daily rainfall data for 23 manual rain gauge stations installed by Gro for GooD project within and about the study area. The installed stations covering four river catchments name Ramisi River, Mukurumudzi River, Mtawa River and Mwachema River in Kwale County. The dataset period is from January 2016 to November 2018. Gro for GooD: Groundwater Risk Management for Growth and Development

Gro for GooD Soil Data Kwale County, Kenya (NERC grant NE/M008894/1)
The data set contains Soil Data used in the Gro for GooD Project in Kwale, Kenya based on KENSOTER database and soil survey in study area. The KENSOTER dataset, specific for Kenya, was compiled by the Kenya Soil Survey (KSS) and ISRIC and released in 2006 where ISRIC plays a lead role in methodology development and programme implementation ( The dataset includes over 600 soil components, including synthetic profiles, which have been derived from soil survey reports and expert knowledge. The second version of the dataset which has been made available includes additional soil profile database and is also used for the assessment of soil carbon stocks. The gaps in the measured soil profile data have been filled using a step-wise procedure which includes three main stages: (1) collate additional measured soil analytical data where available; (2) fill gaps using expert knowledge and common sense; (3) fill the remaining gaps using a scheme of taxotransfer rules. Parameter estimates are presented by soil unit for fixed depth intervals of 0.2 m to 1 m depth for: organic carbon, total nitrogen, pH(H2O), CECsoil, CECclay, base saturation, effective CEC, aluminium saturation, CaCO3 content, gypsum content, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), electrical conductivity of saturated paste (ECe), bulk density, content of sand, silt and clay, content of coarse fragments, and available water capacity. The data have recently been used for the Green Water Credit (GWC) programme in the Upper Tana River Valley. This dataset was prepared for the Gro for GooD project by Mike Thomas, Rural Focus Ltd., Kenya; John Gathenya, JKUAT, Kenya. Gro for GooD: Groundwater Risk Management for Growth and Development

Gro for GooD VES (Vertical Electrical Soundings) Data, Kwale County, Kenya (NERC grant NE/M008894/1)
Results of Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) study conducted in Kwale County, Kenya in July and August 2017 by University of Nairobi and Water Resources Management Authority as part of the Gro for GooD project ( https://upgro.org/consortium/gro-for-good/) to determine the existence of deeper aquifers.

Gro for GooD Water Quality Monitoring (NERC grant NE/M008894/1)
The file contain groundwater level/depth (WL), Groundwater and Surface Water Quality data (EC (micro-siemens per centimetre or µS/cm), Temperature (degrees C) and pH) for 49 points under fortnightly monitoring relevant to Gro for GooD research project in Kwale County, Kenya. Blank - Data not available. Note this is same dataset as NGDC record number 118189 with extended time series. Gro for GooD: Groundwater Risk Management for Growth and Development

Gro for GooD Water Quality Monitoring, Kwale County, Kenya (NERC grant NE/M008892/1)
The file contain groundwater level/depth (WL), Groundwater and Surface Water Quality data (EC (micro-siemens per centimetre or µS/cm), Temperature (°C) and pH) for 49 points under fortnightly monitoring relevant to Gro for GooD research project in Kwale County, Kenya. Blank - Data not available. Gro for GooD: Groundwater Risk Management for Growth and Development

Ground control points for investigating mass loss processes on Khumbu Glacier, Nepal (NERC grant NE/L002574/1)
These data consist of a spreadsheet containing 557 ground control points (GCPs) collected in the Everest region of Nepal between October 2015 and October 2016. GCPs were collected using a Leica GS10 differential Global Positioning System (dGPS), post-processed against base station data at Syangboche. These final data have sub-centimetre accuracy (in x, y and z) in all cases. Point positions are heavily concentrated around meltwater ponds on the glacier surface, and prominent features around the glacier margin. These data will be used by PhD students and staff in the School of Geography, University of Leeds, to provide ground control for fine-resolution satellite imagery and Structure-from-Motion surveys to assess mass loss processes on Khumbu Glacier.

Ground Geophysical Surveys In The UK Done For Specific Projects.
The database contains an index to over 600 ground geophysical surveys carried out in the UK for a variety of projects. A large number of these surveys were done for the DTI Mineral Reconnaissance Programme in the 1970s and 80s; many others were done at the request of BGS field mapping groups. Information held describes the survey objective, location of measurements, geophysical methods and equipment used, reports and publications, storage locations of data and results (for analogue and digital data), dates and personnel.

Ground Penetrating Radar Data from BGS Iceland Glacier Observatory Project, 2012-2014
These files contain ground penetrating radar (GPR) data collected from the glacier margins and forelands of Falljökull and of Kvíárjökull, south-east Iceland, between 2012 and 2014. The data were collected using a Sensors and Software PulseEKKO Pro GPR system. For each glacier the data are stored in folders that indicate the month and year in which the surveys were conducted. Each GPR profile has a Sensors and Software GPR (.DT1) file, and associated header (.HD) and GPS (.GPS) files. The .HD files (which can be opened as text files) give the parameters and equipment used for each profile. GPS files are not available for some of the profiles collected on Falljökull in April 2013 (due to damage that occurred to the GPS linked with the PulseEKKO Pro system). For these profiles start, finish, and mid profile positions were recorded using differential GPS, and locations of these profiles are instead given by GIS shapefiles in the relevant folders. These datasets have been used in the publications listed below. Further information relating to the data collection methodology can be found therein. Phillips, Emrys; Everest, Jez; Evans, David J.A.; Finlayson, Andrew; Ewertowski, Marek; Guild, Ailsa; Jones, Lee. 2017 Concentrated, ‘pulsed’ axial glacier flow: structural glaciological evidence from Kvíárjökull in SE Iceland. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 42 (13). 1901-1922. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.4145 Phillips, Emrys; Finlayson, Andrew; Bradwell, Tom; Everest, Jez; Jones, Lee. 2014 Structural evolution triggers a dynamic reduction in active glacier length during rapid retreat: evidence from Falljökull, SE Iceland. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 119 (10). 2194-2208. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JF003165 Phillips, Emrys; Finlayson, Andrew; Jones, Lee. 2013 Fracturing, block-faulting and moulin development associated with progressive collapse and retreat of a polar maritime glacier: Virkisjokul-Falljokull, SE Iceland. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 118 (3). 1545-1561. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrf.20116 Flett, Verity; Maurice, Louise; Finlayson, Andrew; Black, Andrew; MacDonald, Alan; Everest, Jez; Kirkbride, Martin. 2017. Meltwater flow through a rapidly deglaciating glacier and foreland catchment system: Virkisjökull, SE Iceland. Hydrology Research, 48 (6). 1666-1681. https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2017.205

Groundwater-related data from basement aquifers in the Romwe Catchment, Southern Zimbabwe
These files include hydrochemical data and groundwater level time series for a number of boreholes and wells within the basement aquifers of the Romwe catchment. For each borehole/well there are associated depth, geology and use data. A time series study of abstraction was also carried out for a subset of wells. Time series rainfall data for a rain gauge in the catchment is also included. These data were collected through a series of projects: Small scale irrigation using collector wells: pilot project (CEH/BGS/Zimbabwe Ministry of Lands, Agriculture and Water Development; DfID funded) Sustainability of yield from wells and boreholes in hard rock aquifers (BGS; DfID funded) Regional groundwater recharge assessment in semi-arid areas (CEH/BGS; DfID-funded) The Hydrology of a dry land catchment in southern Zimbabwe, and the effects of climatic and land use change on shallow groundwater resources (PhD project, Uni. Reading/CEH) Integrated Catchment Management and Sustainable Water Resource Development in Semi-arid Zimbabwe (PhD project, Uni. Reading/CEH) Note: CEH (Center of Ecology and Hydrology) was known as ‘IH’ during the period of the study

Groundwater and drought in Ethiopia
In 1998 the Department for International Development (DFID) funded the project ‘Groundwater drought early warning for vulnerable areas’ as part of the DFID Knowledge and Research (KaR) programme, a collaboration between UK partners BGS and the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), and with the Bureau of Water, Mines and Energy in Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Drawing on village surveys and stakeholder consultations across sectors, this project evolved a broader, more holistic approach to the study of drought and water supply. Rather than focus exclusively on drought and water availability, constraints on household access to and use of water were explored through the lens of water security. This, in turn, highlighted links between the household water economy (across seasons; between good and bad years) and wider livelihood strategies, particularly in relation to inter-dependencies between food and water security.

Groundwater body suitable for open-loop systems
Outline of a distinct volume of groundwater within an aquifer or system of aquifers, which is hydraulically isolated from nearby groundwater bodies and provides enough yield with suitable temperatures for open-loop systems (groundwater heat exchangers) with and/or without thermal storage.

Groundwater body suitable for open-loop systems without thermal energy storage
Outline of a distinct volume of groundwater within an aquifer or system of aquifers, which is hydraulically isolated from nearby groundwater bodies and provides enough yield with suitable temperatures for open-loop systems (groundwater heat exchangers) without thermal storage.

Groundwater body suitable for thermal energy storage at higher temperatures
Outline of a distinct volume of groundwater within an aquifer or system of aquifers, which is hydraulically isolated from nearby groundwater bodies and provides enough yield with suitable temperatures for open-loop systems (groundwater heat exchangers) with thermal storage at higher temperatures.

Groundwater body suitable for thermal energy storage at low temperatures
Outline of a distinct volume of groundwater within an aquifer or system of aquifers, which is hydraulically isolated from nearby groundwater bodies and provides enough yield with suitable temperatures for open-loop systems (groundwater heat exchangers) with thermal storage at low temperatures.

Groundwater Flooding Susceptibility
The groundwater flooding susceptibility data shows the degree to which areas of England, Scotland and Wales are susceptible to groundwater flooding on the basis of geological and hydrogeological conditions. It does not show the likelihood of groundwater flooding occurring, i.e. it is a hazard not risk-based dataset. The data covers Great Britain in a consistent manner. It will be updated periodically (at least bi-annually) as the underlying datasets or the methodology to derive the groundwater flooding susceptibility data are improved. The data is based on data sets with a range of resolutions, but the derived data set has an effective spatial resolution of about 50m by 50m. The susceptibility data is suitable for use for regional or national planning purposes where the groundwater flooding information will be used along with a range of other relevant information to inform land-use planning decisions. It might also be used in conjunction with a large number of other factors, e.g. records of previous incidence of groundwater flooding, rainfall, property type, and land drainage information, to establish relative, but not absolute, risk of groundwater flooding at a resolution of greater than a few hundred metres. In all cases it is strongly recommend the confidence data is used in conjunction with the groundwater flooding susceptibility data. The susceptibility data should not be used on its own to make planning decisions at any scale, and, in particular, should not be used to inform planning decisions at the site scale. The susceptibility data cannot be used on its own to indicate risk of groundwater flooding.

Groundwater flow model of aquifer system, Kwale County, Kenya (NERC grant NE/M008894/1)
The download .rar file contains a groundwater model of the coastal aquifer in Kwale County, Kenya (ModelMuse Text File) produced by Dr Nuria Ferrer and Dr Albert Folch at the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. The model can be used to explore future climate and groundwater abstraction scenarios to provide management recommendations. The download does not include proprietary abstraction data from industry project partners, thus running the model provided here will not reproduce published research findings. The file named”np67IH.bhd” are the initial heads file required to run the model.

Groundwater gas sampling and analysis method test results
The dataset contains details of field collection of groundwater samples with use of different water intake devices and the measurement results of gaseous compounds (methane) obtained during analytical method validation performed in order to develop a methodology of groundwater sampling for analysis of dissolved gases. The dataset is not intended to be used for any site characterisation. Sampling sites were chosen based on high probability of occurrence of measureable methane content in groundwater. Furthermore, the data will be used for formal procedure to obtain the methodology accreditation from the Polish Centre for Accreditation (PCA). The dataset was created within SECURe project (Subsurface Evaluation of CCS and Unconventional Risks) - https://www.securegeoenergy.eu/. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 764531

Groundwater change, 1 deg.max, Avre
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (1 degree warming, maximum precipitation change) and past (1981-2010) for Avre, France. Simulated by a 500 m by 500 m grid to 100 m by 100 m grid near rivers. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 1 deg.max, Boutonne
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (1 degree warming, maximum precipitation change) and past (1980-2010) for Boutonne, France. Simulated by a 1000 m by 1000 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 1 deg.max, Denmark, deep
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (1 degree warming, maximum precipitation change) and past (1989-2018) for Denmark. Simulated by a 500 m by 500 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 1 deg.max, Denmark, phreatic
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (1 degree warming, maximum precipitation change) and past (1989-2018) for Denmark. Simulated by a 500 m by 500 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 1 deg.max, Drava-Mura aquifer
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (1 degree warming, maximum precipitation change) and past (1998-2018) for Drava-Mura aquifer, Croatia. Simulated by a 100 m by 100 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 1 deg.max, Sunds
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (1 degree warming, maximum precipitation change) and past (1989-2018) for Sunds, Denmark. Simulated by a 25 m by 25 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 1 deg.max, The Netherlands
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (1 degree warming, maximum precipitation change) and past (2011-2018) for The Netherlands. Simulated by a 250 m by 250 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 1 deg.max, Upper Guadiana Basin
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (1 degree warming, maximum precipitation change) and past (2015) for the Upper Guadiana Basin, Spain. Simulated by a 1000 m by 1000 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 1 deg.min, Avre
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (1 degree warming, minimum precipitation change) and past (1981-2010) for Avre, France. Simulated by a 500 m by 500 m grid to 100 m by 100 m grid near rivers. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 1 deg.min, Boutonne
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (1 degree warming, minimum precipitation change) and past (1980-2010) for Boutonne, France. Simulated by a 1000 m by 1000 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 1 deg.min, Denmark, deep
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (1 degree warming, minimum precipitation change) and past (1989-2018) for Denmark. Simulated by a 500 m by 500 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 1 deg.min, Denmark, phreatic
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (1 degree warming, minimum precipitation change) and past (1989-2018) for Denmark. Simulated by a 500 m by 500 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 1 deg.min, Drava-Mura aquifer
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (1 degree warming, minimum precipitation change) and past (1998-2018) for Drava-Mura aquifer, Croatia. Simulated by a 100 m by 100 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 1 deg.min, Sunds
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (1 degree warming, minimum precipitation change) and past (1989-2018) for Sunds, Denmark. Simulated by a 25 m by 25 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 1 deg.min, The Netherlands
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (1 degree warming, minimum precipitation change) and past (2011-2018) for The Netherlands. Simulated by a 250 m by 250 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 1 deg.min, Upper Guadiana Basin
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (1 degree warming, minimum precipitation change) and past (2015) for the Upper Guadiana Basin, Spain. Simulated by a 1000 m by 1000 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 3 deg.max, Avre
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (3 degree warming, maximum precipitation change) and past (1981-2010) for Avre, France. Simulated by a 500 m by 500 m grid to 100 m by 100 m grid near rivers. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 3 deg.max, Boutonne
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (3 degree warming, maximum precipitation change) and past (1980-2010) for Boutonne, France. Simulated by a 1000 m by 1000 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 3 deg.max, Denmark, deep
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (3 degree warming, maximum precipitation change) and past (1989-2018) for Denmark. Simulated by a 500 m by 500 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 3 deg.max, Denmark, phreatic

Groundwater change, 3 deg.max, Drava-Mura aquifer
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (3 degree warming, maximum precipitation change) and past (1998-2018) for Drava-Mura aquifer, Croatia. Simulated by a 100 m by 100 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 3 deg.max, Sunds
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (3 degree warming, maximum precipitation change) and past (1989-2018) for Sunds, Denmark. Simulated by a 25 m by 25 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 3 deg.max, The Netherlands
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (3 degree warming, maximum precipitation change) and past (2011-2018) for The Netherlands. Simulated by a 250 m by 250 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 3 deg.max, Upper Guadiana Basin
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (3 degree warming, maximum precipitation change) and past (2015) for the Upper Guadiana Basin, Spain. Simulated by a 1000 m by 1000 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 3 deg.min, Avre
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (3 degree warming, minimum precipitation change) and past (1981-2010) for Avre, France. Simulated by a 500 m by 500 m grid to 100 m by 100 m grid near rivers. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 3 deg.min, Boutonne
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (3 degree warming, minimum precipitation change) and past (1980-2010) for Boutonne, France. Simulated by a 1000 m by 1000 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 3 deg.min, Denmark, deep
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (3 degree warming, minimum precipitation change) and past (1989-2018) for Denmark. Simulated by a 500 m by 500 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 3 deg.min, Denmark, phreatic

Groundwater change, 3 deg.min, Drava-Mura aquifer
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (3 degree warming, minimum precipitation change) and past (1998-2018) for Drava-Mura aquifer, Croatia. Simulated by a 100 m by 100 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 3 deg.min, Sunds
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (3 degree warming, minimum precipitation change) and past (1989-2018) for Sunds, Denmark. Simulated by a 25 m by 25 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 3 deg.min, The Netherlands
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (3 degree warming, minimum precipitation change) and past (2011-2018) for The Netherlands. Simulated by a 250 m by 250 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, 3 deg.min, Upper Guadiana Basin
Simulated change in mean groundwater head between the future (3 degree warming, minimum precipitation change) and past (2015) for the Upper Guadiana Basin, Spain. Simulated by a 1000 m by 1000 m grid. Unit: Meters.

Groundwater change, Hungary, calculated by the hydrodynamic model in m between 2023-2052 and 1975-2004; RCA4/CNRM-CM5/RCP4.5 climate model
The difference in groundwater levels calculated by the hydrodynamic model in m between 2023-2052 and 1975-2004; RCA4/CNRM-CM5/RCP4.5 climate model. Simulated by a 2000 m by 2000 m grid, resolution: 1000 m by 1000 m grid. Unit: Meters.
In the frame of NATeR - NAGIS, https://map.mbfsz.gov.hu

Groundwater change, Hungary, calculated by the hydrodynamic model in m between 2023-2052 and 1975-2004; RCA4/CNRM-CM5/RCP8.5 climate model
The difference in groundwater levels calculated by the hydrodynamic model in m between 2023-2052 and 1975-2004; RCA4/CNRM-CM5/RCP8.5 climate model. Simulated by a 2000 m by 2000 m grid, resolution: 1000 m by 1000 m grid. Unit: Meters.
In the frame of NATeR - NAGIS, https://map.mbfsz.gov.hu

Groundwater change, Hungary, calculated by the hydrodynamic model in m between 2071-2100 and 1975-2004; RCA4/CNRM-CM5/RCP4.5 climate model
The difference in groundwater levels calculated by the hydrodynamic model in m between 2071-2100 and 1975-2004; RCA4/CNRM-CM5/RCP4.5 climate model. Simulated by a 2000 m by 2000 m grid, resolution: 1000 m by 1000 m grid. Unit: Meters.
In the frame of NATeR - NAGIS, https://map.mbfsz.gov.hu

Groundwater chemistry
Zones inside groundwater bodies or groundwater bodies potentially leading to operational problems for shallow geothermal use due to a critical chemical composition.

Groundwater chemistry, hydrogeological data, geophysical investigations, borehole chippings analysis and local geology for the Afram Plains in Ghana. Investigation of low permeability rocks in sub-Saharan Africa.
This data was produced to support a project looking at low permeability rocks in sub-Saharan Africa. Multiple boreholes were drilled for the project with geology identified from chippings. Groundwater chemistry was analysed from the resulting boreholes. The data contained within this record is from the CD that accompanies the report: J Davies and J Cobbing, 2002. An assessment of the hydrogeology of the Afram Plains, Eastern Region, Ghana. British Geological Survey Internal Report, CR/02/137N. 66pp http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/505607/1/CR_02_137N.pdf The CD has not been uploaded in full elsewhere.

Groundwater chemistry, hydrogeological data, geophysical investigations, borehole chippings analysis and local geology for the Tambora region of Tanzania. To investigate low permeability rocks in sub-Saharan Africa.
This data was produced to support a project looking at low permeability rocks in sub-Saharan Africa. Multiple boreholes were drilled for the project with geology identified from chippings. Groundwater chemistry was analysed from the resulting boreholes. The data contained within this record is from the CD that accompanies the report: J Davies and B É Ó Dochartaigh. 2002. Low Permeability Rocks In Sub-Saharan Africa. Groundwater development in the Tabora Region, Tanzania. British Geological Survey Internal Report, CR/02/191N. 71pp http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/505608/1/CR_02_191N.pdf The CD has not been uploaded in full elsewhere.

Groundwater Level Archive
Database of water levels in selected observation boreholes: daily, weekly or monthly measurements. Consistent set of boreholes in catchments relatively undisturbed by pumping distributed across most significant aquifer units in the UK. Most sites have more than 30 years of data, and some sites have considerably longer time series. The dataset represents only 5% of active groundwater monitoring networks run by UK measuring agencies. BGS holds other, historical, groundwater level data, including one off measurements and time series.

Groundwater level data from Punjab and Haryana, India (NERC grant NE/I022434/1)
Groundwater level measurements collected by the state groundwater boards of Punjab and Haryana states, India, and by the Central Groundwater Board. The data consist of well locations and measurements of groundwater levels, in metres below the top of the well casing. Data were collected in both the pre-monsoon (May-June) and post-monsoon (October-November) periods. Data availability is irregular across the entire suite of wells.

Groundwater level logger data for 7 wells , Kwale County, Kenya (NERC grant NE/M008894/1)
The data sets contain the daily record of meters of groundwater columns for 7 Heron logger transducers installed in different boreholes and wells in the study area. Missing data denoted -9999. The Barlog data for atmospheric pressure (Atmospheric Pressure data measured by Heron Barologger for the period of April 2014 to November 2018 at Munje Jabalini.) is also included. "Uncomp.HT.WTR. Above Transducer" corresponds to the actual pressure the dipperLog is measuring. "Barologger Data" corresponds to the Barlog data for atmospheric pressure at Munje Jabalini "Comp.Depth.WTR Below the Datum" is the "Depth below datum" entered in the logger setup less "Comp.HT.WTR. Above Transducer". The data was collected by Albert Folch and Nuria Ferrer (UPC), Mike Lane and Calvince Wara (Rural Focus Ltd). The PI on the Gro for GooD project was Prof. Rob Hope, University of Oxford.

Groundwater level of Hungary
A Talajvíztükör NATéR témakörhöz tartozó térképsorozat.

Groundwater Levels
The BGS groundwater levels dataset is a gridded interpolation of depth to groundwater. The dataset is a raster grid, with 50 × 50 metre pixels holding values that represent the probable maximum depth, in metres, to the phreatic water table. This represents the likely lowest water level, under natural conditions, in an open well or borehole drilled into the uppermost parts of a rock unit. The dataset has been modelled from topography and hydrology, assuming that surface water and groundwater are hydraulically connected. It has not used observations of groundwater level in wells or boreholes directly, but they have been used to validate its performance.

Groundwater Monitoring Data, Virkisjokull Glacier Observatory, 2012-2018
Groundwater level and groundwater temperature data measured in 9 boreholes between August 2012 and August 2018. Groundwater conductivity data measured in 1 of these boreholes from September 2012 to August 2014. Eight of the boreholes are drilled into a sandur (glacial outwash floodplain) aquifer in front of Virkisjokull glacier, SE Iceland, and are between 8.2 and 14.9 m deep. The remaining borehole is drilled into a volcanic rock aquifer between the sandur and glacier and is 5.1 m deep. Selected groundwater monitoring data are reported in Ó Dochartaigh, B. É., et al. 2019. Groundwater?- glacier?meltwater interaction in proglacial aquifers, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2019-120. Further information on borehole installations and geology can be found in Ó Dochartaigh et al. 2012. Groundwater investigations at Virkisjokull, Iceland: data report 2012. British Geological Survey Open Report OR/12/088, http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/500570/

Groundwater protection
Areas dedicated to drinking water or curative water supply, which might limit the use of shallow geothermal energy.

Groundwater recharge (R)
DRASTIC parameter R

Groundwater Recharge Coefficient [-]
Groundwater Recharge Coefficient (Rcoef) for the European domain at 1 km spatial resolution for the period 1981-2010. The Rcoef estimate is based on a machine learning approach trained against gridded Rcoef estimates from seven national pilots in Europe. The Rcoef data set i part of a series of gridded datasets established in the TACTIC project for estimating Potential Groundwater Recharge (GWRpot). The data available are AET, Effective precipitation (Peff=Precipitation-AET), Groundwater Recharge coefficient (Rcoef defined as the ratio: Peff / GWRpot ) The Potential Groundwater Recharge GWRpot = (Precipitation-AET)*Rcoef. . Urban areas are masked out and not represented in the gridded dataset. Rcoef is a unitless ratio representing the period 1981-2010.

Groundwater recharge in Africa from ground based measurements (NERC Grant NE/L002035/1)
This dataset comprises a map of groundwater recharge for Africa and a database of the 134 observations used to generate the map. The map shows long term average annual groundwater recharge in mm per annum relevant to the period 1970 to 2020. It is in the form of a GIS shapefile and is available as a layer package for ESRI and also as a georeferenced TIFF and BIL file for easy exchange with other software. The database contains 134 sites for which ground based observations for groundwater recharge are available. These 134 sites are from previously published material and have gone through a QA procedure and been accurately geolocated to be included in the dataset. For each record there is a latitude, longitude, recharge estimate, recharge range, time period for the measurement; scale for which the estimate is made, methods used, a confidence rating and reason for this rating, and the reference from where the data originate. In addition, the database includes for each observation information from other continental datasets including: climate data, landcover, aquifer type, soil group and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI).

Groundwater Vulnerability
A dataset used to display the intrinsic geological and hydrogeological characteristics that determine the ease with which groundwater may be contaminated by human activities.

Groundwater vulnerability data for England
The Environment Agency has updated its groundwater vulnerability map to reflect improvements in data mapping, modelling capability and understanding of the factors affecting vulnerability. Two new maps are available which show the vulnerability of groundwater to a pollutant discharged at ground level. The potential impact of groundwater pollution is considered using the aquifer designation status which provides an indication of the scale and importance of groundwater for potable water supply and/or in supporting baseflow to rivers, lakes and wetlands. This dataset has shared IP (Intellectual Property) between Environment Agency and British Geological Survey. It supersedes the previous Groundwater Vulnerability 100k data released by EA.

Groundwater vulnerability data for Wales
The Environment Agency and Natural Resources Wales have updated its groundwater vulnerability map to reflect improvements in data mapping, modelling capability and understanding of the factors affecting vulnerability. Two new maps are available which show the vulnerability of groundwater to a pollutant discharged at ground level. The potential impact of groundwater pollution is considered using the aquifer designation status which provides an indication of the scale and importance of groundwater for potable water supply and/or in supporting baseflow to rivers, lakes and wetlands. This dataset for Wales has shared intellectual property (IP) between Natural Resources Wales and British Geological Survey.

Groundwater Vulnerability Scotland version 1
The dataset describes the relative vulnerability of groundwater to contamination across Scotland, by means of five relative classes ranging from 1 (lowest vulnerability) to 5 (highest vulnerability). The dataset is a screening tool that can be used to show the relative threat to groundwater quality from contamination across Scotland. It can provide guidance on the vulnerability of groundwater at a regional scale, highlighting areas at comparatively higher risk of groundwater contamination, and can help indicate the degree of specific site investigation required for a new development or activity. It is designed to be used at a scale of 1:100,000 and should be regarded as a tool to aid groundwater risk assessment rather than a complete solution. Latest version: Groundwater Vulnerability Scotland version 2

Groundwater Vulnerability Scotland version 2
The Groundwater Vulnerability Scotland dataset forms part of the BGS Hydrogeological Maps of Scotland data product. This product is comprised of three datasets: Bedrock Aquifer Productivity Scotland; Superficial Aquifer Productivity Scotland; and Groundwater Vulnerability Scotland. The Groundwater Vulnerability Scotland dataset version 2 (2015) shows the relative vulnerability of groundwater to contamination across Scotland. Groundwater vulnerability is the tendency and likelihood for general contaminants to move vertically through the unsaturated zone and reach the uppermost water table after introduction at the ground surface. The groundwater vulnerability dataset was developed as a screening tool to support groundwater management at a regional scale across Scotland, and specifically to aid groundwater risk assessment. The data can be used to show the relative threat to groundwater quality from contamination, by highlighting areas at comparatively higher risk of groundwater contamination. The dataset is delivered at 1: 100 000 scale; the resolution of the dataset being 50m and the smallest detectable feature 100 m

Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution A index map (Aquifer media) in Catalonia according to DRASTIC
Type of aquifer media distribution map expressed as an index value according to DRASTIC ranges from 1 to 10. The highest values correspond mainly to unconsolidated detrital and karstified aquifers. The lowest values correspond to loam formations and other low permeability geological units.

Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution C factor map (Concentration of flow) in karstic aquifers of Catalonia according to COP
Concentration of flow factor map indicates the reduction of protection of the groundwater surface due to karst development. It is expressed as a value according to COP index ranges from 0 to 1, being the range of lowest values (0 - 0.2) the one that indicates a very high reduction of the overlying layers protection (factor O), and the range of the highest values (0.8 – 1) a very low reduction of the overlying layers protection.

Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution C index map (Hydraulic Conductivity) in Catalonia according to DRASTIC
Hydraulic conductivity map expressed as an index value, according to DRASTIC ranges from 1 to 10, being 10 the high permeability aquifers (> 1.0*10-2 m/s) and 1 the low permeability aquifers (< 5.0*10-7 m/s).

Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution D index map (Depth to groundwater level) in Catalonia according to DRASTIC
Depth to groundwater level distribution map expressed as an index value according to DRASTIC ranges from 1 to 10, being 10 the most shallow groundwater level (less than 1.5 m) and 1 the most deepest (more than 50 m).

Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution I index map (Impact of the vadose zone) in Catalonia according to DRASTIC
Impact of the vadose zone map indicates the level of influence of the geological layers above the groundwater level. It is expressed as an index value, according to DRASTIC ranges from 1 to 10, being 1 the areas with confining layers and 10 areas with karst limestone layers.

Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution O factor map (Overlying layers) in karstic aquifers of Catalonia according to COP
Overlying layers factor map indicates the natural protection of the groundwater surface provided by the geological layers of the unsaturated zone and the overlying soil. It is expressed as a value according to COP ranges from 1 to 15, being 0 the less degree of protection and the range of 8 - 15 the highest degree of protection.

Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution P factor map (Precipitation) in karstic aquifers of Catalonia according to COP
Precipitation factor map indicates the reduction of groundwater surface protection due to climatic settings. It is expressed as a value according to COP ranges from 0.4 to 1, being the range 0.4-0.5 the highest degree of protection reduction and the range of 0.9-1 the lowest degree of protection reduction.

Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution R index map (Net Recharge) in Catalonia according to DRASTIC
Net recharge map expressed as an index value according to DRASTIC ranges from 1 to 10, being 10 the net recharge greater than 500 mm and 1 the recharge less than 50mm.

Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution S index map (Soil media) in Catalonia according to DRASTIC
Type of soil media map expressed as an index value according to DRASTIC ranges from 1 to 10. The lowest values in the area (index value of 4) - correspond to loam and silty loam soils and the highest values (index value of 10) correspond to gravel soils or terrains with non-existent soil.

Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution T index map (Topography - Slope) in Catalonia according to DRASTIC
Slope distribution map expressed as an index value according to DRASTIC ranges from 1 to 10, being 10 the areas with lowest slopes (less than 2 %) and 1 the areas with highest ones (more than 18%).

GSI Web Viewer
Webviewer for the Geological Survey Ireland, including all publicly accessible databases, including the mineral localities database.

GSNI 250K Bedrock
A 1:250,000 map showing the main geological bedrock divisions in Northern Ireland. The bedrock shown on GeoIndex map comprises the bedrock geology, which represents the outcrops (at surface) and subcrops (at near-surface, beneath superficial deposits) in Northern Ireland. For each rock unit there is a brief generalised description showing the major rock group, rock type and age under the following headings. LEX_D: The name of the selected area. This can be a group, formation or igneous intrusion e.g. dyke. LEX_RCS: Map code as it appears on the published 1:250,000 map. RCS_D: The name of the dominant types of rock (lithologies) in the different areas shown on the map e.g. granite. The names of the rock types given here are often generalisations, appropriate for the large areas of geological coverage at this scale. These areas may include a number of different geological formations whose distribution can only be portrayed on more detailed geological maps. RANK: Identifies formations and groups. Min_Time_D and Max_Tim_D: The age of the rock unit in terms of periods, relatively smaller units of geological time e.g. Carboniferous, Jurassic etc. Some of the map areas include rocks with a range of ages and these are shown as such e.g. Triassic to Cretaceous. The oldest metamorphic rocks are described as Moinian and Dalradian. The rocks range in age from those deposited relatively recently, some 2 million years ago, back to ancient and highly altered Precambrian rocks over 2500 million years old. In broad terms the youngest rocks are found in the south and east of the UK, the oldest in the north and west. VERSION: Version of the data. RELEASED: Date of release/update of the data. CAUTION Because of the generalisation and simplification used in the compilation of this map, it should not be used to determine the detailed geology of any specific sites. It is best used to provide a basic understanding of the geology of the country in general, and for showing the geology of large regions where broad trends are more important than specific details. Persons interested in the detailed geology of particular sites should consult the latest large-scale maps or the Geological Survey of Northern Ireland.

GSNI 250K Superficial
Superficial Geology (250k) This layer shows the superficial (drift) geology of Northern Ireland at 1:250,000 scale. For each rock unit there is a brief generalised description under the following headings. LEX_D: Description of the selected polygon. LEX_RCS: Map code as it appears on the published 1:250,000 map. RCS_D: Decription of the deposit. VERSION: Version of the data. RELEASED: Date of release/update of the data. Persons interested in the detailed geology of particular sites should consult the latest large-scale maps or the Geological Survey of Northern Ireland at:- Geological Survey of Northern Ireland Colby House Stranmillis Court Belfast BT9 5BF

GSNI 50K Bedrock
1:50,000 maps showing the main geological bedrock divisions in Northern Ireland. The bedrock shown on each map comprises the bedrock geology, which represents the outcrops (at surface) and subcrops (at near-surface, beneath superficial deposits) in Northern Ireland. For each rock unit there is a brief generalised description showing the major rock group, rock type and age under the following headings. LEX_D: The name of the selected area. This can be a group, formation or igneous intrusion e.g. dyke. LEX_RCS: Map code as it appears on the published 1:250,000 map. RCS_D: The name of the dominant types of rock (lithologies) in the different areas shown on the map e.g. granite. The names of the rock types given here are often generalisations, appropriate for the large areas of geological coverage at this scale. These areas may include a number of different geological formations whose distribution can only be portrayed on more detailed geological maps. RANK: Identifies formations and groups. Min_Time_D and Max_Tim_D: The age of the rock unit in terms of periods, relatively smaller units of geological time e.g. Carboniferous, Jurassic etc. Some of the map areas include rocks with a range of ages and these are shown as such e.g. Triassic to Cretaceous. The oldest metamorphic rocks are described as Moinian and Dalradian. The rocks range in age from those deposited relatively recently, some 2 million years ago, back to ancient and highly altered Precambrian rocks over 2500 million years old. In broad terms the youngest rocks are found in the south and east of the UK, the oldest in the north and west. VERSION: Version of the data. RELEASED: Date of release/update of the data. CAUTION Because of the generalisation and simplification used in the compilation of this map, it should not be used to determine the detailed geology of any specific sites. It is best used to provide a basic understanding of the geology of the country in general, and for showing the geology of large regions where broad trends are more important than specific details. Persons interested in the detailed geology of particular sites should consult the latest large-scale maps or the Geological Survey of Northern Ireland at:- Geological Survey of Northern Ireland Colby House Stranmillis Court Belfast BT9 5BF

GSNI 50K Superficial
1:50,000 maps showing the main geological superficial divisions in Northern Ireland. This series shows the superficial (drift) geology of Northern Ireland at 1:50,000 scale. For each rock unit there is a brief generalised description under the following headings. LEX_D: Description of the selected polygon. LEX_RCS: Map code as it appears on the published 1:250,000 map. RCS_D: Decription of the deposit. VERSION: Version of the data. RELEASED: Date of release/update of the data. Persons interested in the detailed geology of particular sites should consult the latest large-scale maps or the Geological Survey of Northern Ireland at:- Geological Survey of Northern Ireland Colby House Stranmillis Court Belfast BT9 5BF

GSRM Geological Formation Map of The Republic of Macedonia 1:500000
GEORM500k represents a simplified version of the geological map 1:500 000. Units are set aside in chronostratigraphic order. Mostly distributed are the old, prevailingly Pre-Cambrian formations which are raised eroded cores of megastructures. The old crystalline rocks are divided into lower and upper complexes . All rocks are metamorphosed under the conditions of amphibolites facies. Here are undoubtedly established Ordovician meta-sandstones, sericite schists and quartzites with marbles. The Mesozoic formations are comparatively less distributed. The Lower Triassic (sandstones, conglomerates, claystones and limestones) and Middle Triassic limestones can be found in Macedonia. The Jurassic and Lover Cretaceous have not been yet established in this area. Miocene end Pliocene sediments are mostly sands, clastics and pyroclastic. Regarding magmatic rocks granitoids, andesite-dacites and youngest basalts occur.

GTK Surface Geology 1:1M
This service displays harmonized information about the age and lithology of the surface geology of Finland at a scale of 1:1M. Information about both superficial Quaternary deposits and pre-Quaternary bedrock is included.

Gulf_of_Corinth PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Gulf_of_Corinth, Greece. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

H3O-PLUS project area (GeoERA / RESOURCE / WP3)

Hafnium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Hafnium (Hf), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Haifa PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Haifa, Israel. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Halogen contents of basalt glasses from Iceland and the Reykjanes Ridge (NERC Grant NE/P002331/1)
Halogen (Cl, Br, I) contents measured in (a) basalt glass chips collected from subglacial eruptions in Iceland's neovolcanic zones, and (b) basalt glass chips recovered from the Reykjanes Ridge.

Hamburg PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Hamburg, Germany. It has been provided by DLR as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer: COP map, Catalonia Pilot Area (SPAIN)
Vulnerability assessment output map using COP method

Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer: COP map, Cobadin-Mangalia Pilot Area (ROMANIA)
Vulnerability assessment output map using COP method

Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer: COP map, Rockingham Pilot Area (IRELAND)
Vulnerability assessment output map using COP method

Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer: COP map, Slovenia Pilot Area (SLOVENIA)

Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer: COP map, Upper Guadiana Basin Pilot Area (SPAIN)

Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer: DRASTIC map, Atalanti Pilot Area (GREECE)
Vulnerability assessment output map using DRASTIC method (Aller et al., 1987)

Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer: DRASTIC map, Boyne Pilot Area (IRELAND)
This is a groundwater vulnerability map of the Boyne Catchment, based on the DRASTIC groundwater vulnerability method. The Boyne Catchment, as defined by WFD 2016, has an area of 2693 km2, located in Eastern Ireland. The 7 DRASTIC input layers are Depth to water table, net Recharge, Aquifer media, Soil media, Topography, Impact of vadose zone and hydraulic Conductivity. These input values are weighted and added together to give an overall DRASTIC score.

Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer: DRASTIC map, Catalonia Pilot Area (SPAIN)
Vulnerability assessment output map using DRASTIC method (Aller et al., 1987)

Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer: DRASTIC map, Cobadin-Mangalia Pilot Area (ROMANIA)
Vulnerability assessment output map using DRASTIC method (Aller et al., 1987)

Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer: DRASTIC map, Finland Pilot Area (FINLAND)

Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer: DRASTIC map, Lower Oder/Odra Pilot Area (GERMANY/POLAND)

Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer: DRASTIC map, Rockingham Pilot Area (IRELAND)
This is a groundwater vulnerability map of the Rockingham Catchment, based on the DRASTIC groundwater vulnerability method. The Rockingham Catchment, is a hydrogeological catchment to Rockingham Spring source and has an area of 16 km2, located in Western Ireland. The 7 DRASTIC input layers are Depth to water table, net Recharge, Aquifer media, Soil media, Topography, Impact of vadose zone and hydraulic Conductivity. These input values are weighted and added together to give an overall DRASTIC score.

Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer: DRASTIC map, Slovenia Pilot Area (SLOVENIA)

Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer: DRASTIC map, Tønder Pilot Area (DENMARK)

Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer: DRASTIC map, Traun-Enns-Platte Pilot Area (AUSTRIA)

Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer: DRASTIC map, Upper Guadiana Basin Pilot Area (SPAIN)

Heat flow. Data points showing information about the heat flow and geothermal gradient
Information about the heat flow and geothermal gradient represented as points. The data originally come from the global heat flow database of the International Heat Flow Commission in 2010. A description of the data and a literature list can be found on the website of the International Heat Flow Commission ( https://ihfc-iugg.org/products/global-heat-flow-database)

Heat in place in the Upper-Rhine Graben
The heat in place is the maximum theoretically extractible heat energy (in GJ.m² at 50 grC) for Niederroedern, Froidefontaine, Pechelbronn, Base Tertiary, Rotliegend reservoirs. The static and volumetric evaluation method used to calculate the map derived from "Muffler & Cataldi 1978".

Heat in place of the Dinantian reservoir in the North-West Europe
The heat in place is the maximum theoretically extractible heat energy of the Dinantian reservoir (in GJ.m² at 50 grC). The static and volumetric evaluation method used to calculate the map derived from "Muffler & Cataldi 1978".

Heavy mineral and bulk petrography data from modern, Quaternary and Cenozoic loess, sand and river sediment samples from northern China (NERC grant NE/I008837/1)
Files contain heavy mineral (HM) and framework petrography data for samples taken from sediments across Northern China, from Tarim in the west to Ordos in central north China. The data come from river, loess, silt and sand sediments from deserts, the Chinese Loess Plateau, major rivers and alluvial fans of ages spanning the Cenozoic to modern. Data are grouped into tables with sample details and data types. Each file pertains to a given paper: Stevens et al., 2013a: doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.11.032 Stevens et al., 2013b: doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.10.014 Bird et al., 2015: doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.06.024 Nie et al., 2015: doi:10.1038/ncomms9511 Rittner et al., 2016: doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.12.036 Supplementary Material - Contains Hf, Nd and Sr isotopic data from modern, Pleistocene and Pliocene samples from surface and sediment section sediments from Northern China. Including loess, red clay, sandy desert, alluvial fan and river bar and terrace sediments. Samples obtained between 2010 and 2014.

Hematite and goethite oxygen isotope data from the Spence and Cerro Colorado porphyry copper deposits, Central Andes
This spreadsheet contains 21 oxygen isotope measurements for hematite and mixed hematite/goethite samples from the supergene profiles of the Spence and Cerro Colorado porphyry copper deposits in the Central Andes. Columns are also included which contain calculated isotopic values for weathering fluids which were present at the time of iron oxide formation. These data are presented and discussed in the G-cubed paper 'A rusty record of weathering and groundwater movement in the hyperarid Central Andes' (Shaw et al., 2021). Weathering fluid isotopic values are calculated using the published fractionation factors of Clayton & Epstein (1961), Yapp (1990) and Bao & Koch (1999). The authors have the most confidence in the fluid values obtained using the fractionation factor of Yapp (1990), for reasons outlined in the publication.

Hidden Crisis Project, Survey 1 dataset: detailed functionality assessments of hand pump boreholes in Ethiopia, Uganda and Malawi (NERC Grant NE/M008606/1)
This dataset provides the field data collected in 2016 to assess the functionality and performance of 600 handpumped borehole supplies (HPBs) across the three countries, Ethiopia, Malawi and Uganda, and the capacity of the community water management arrangements. The individual HPBs surveyed in the dataset were selected by a two or three stage randomised sampling approach. The UPGro Hidden Crisis project (2015-20) was an international research project aimed at developing a robust evidence base and understanding of the complex and multi-faceted causes which underlie the current high failure rates of many new groundwater supplies in Africa. The project was jointly funded by: DFID, NERC and ESRC as part of the UPGro programme. The project carried out the research work in three countries - Ethiopia, Malawi and Uganda – to examine functionality and performance of groundwater supplies in a range of hydrogeological, climatic and social, institutional and governance environments in East Africa. The work focused specifically on examining the functionality of HPBs – these being the main form of improved community water supply across rural Africa. The Survey 1 dataset, is major dataset developed by the project.

Hidden Crisis Project, Survey 2 dataset: hand pump borehole diagnostic tests in Ethiopia, Uganda and Malawi (NERC Grant NE/M008606/1)
This dataset provides a detailed physical science dataset to the groundwater resource and engineering properties of 150 handpumped borehole supplies (HPBs) across Ethiopia, Malawi and Uganda, surveyed in 2017. The dataset includes measurements of aquifer resource potential, groundwater quality, downhole construction and condition of handpump components, and borehole construction. Detailed social science data were also collected as part of the second survey phases of the Hidden Crisis project. However, these data are reported as a separate (associated) dataset to the physical science Survey 2 dataset – and are available from Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) UK Data Service (UKDS). The Hidden Crisis project (2015-20) was an international research project aimed at developing a robust evidence base and understanding of the complex and multi-faceted causes which underlie the current high failure rates of many new groundwater supplies in Africa. The project was jointly funded by: DFID, NERC and ESRC as part of the UPGro programme. The project carried out the research work in three countries - Ethiopia, Malawi and Uganda – to examine functionality and performance of groundwater supplies in a range of hydrogeological, climatic and social, institutional and governance environments in East Africa. The work focused specifically on examining the functionality of HPBs – these being the main form of improved community water supply across rural Africa. The Survey 2 dataset, is major dataset developed by the project.

Hidden crisis project: in-depth qualitative social science survey of community water management arrangements in Ethiopia, Malawi, and Uganda 2017-2018 (NERC grant NE/M008606/1)
In developing countries, the dominant model for managing rural water supplies is a community-level association or committee. Although a relative paucity of evidence exists to support this model, it continues to exert a strong pull on policy makers. The Hidden Crisis Survey 2 dataset is the major dataset developed by the project. A social science and physical science survey were conducted in tandem, examining the physical waterpoint and the arrangement the community had devised for managing it. The detailed physical and social science datasets developed by the survey were intended to be used to: better understand the multi-faceted factors which underlie water source failure, their everyday governance arrangements, and to explore the inter-relations between the water point governance arrangements, engineering choice and performance, and groundwater resource conditions. The social science survey moved beyond the more standard preoccupation with examining waterpoint committees (a focus on form) to instead examine context-specific water management arrangements (based on the functions needed for sustainable and equitable management). The survey produced a detailed social science dataset of the arrangements communities have devised for managing their waterpoint across 150 sites in Ethiopia, Malawi and Uganda, surveyed in 2017 and the early part of 2018 (fieldwork was staggered across the three project countries to time with their dry seasons). The findings challenge many of the normative assumptions in the literature about community based management of water and help to move the debate on to more productive areas of enquiry.

Hidden crisis project: studies of community water management in Malawi and Uganda 2017-2018 (NERC Grant NE/M008606/1)
In developing countries, the dominant model for managing rural water supplies is a community-level association or committee. Although a relative paucity of evidence exists to support this model, it continues to exert a strong pull on policy makers. This project examines everyday water governance arrangements, situating these in the exigencies of wider village life and over the course of changing seasons. The data highlights the social embeddedness of water governance, and challenges the dominant 'associational model' of community based management. In none of the 12 sites do we observe a fully formed committee functioning as it should according to policy. Instead, water management arrangements are typically comprised by one or a small number of key individuals from the community, who may or may not be part of a waterpoint committee.

High-precision CA-ID-TIMS U-Pb geochronology of zircon from Rio Blanco - Los Bronces Cu Porphyry system
High-precision CA-ID-TIMS (Chemical Abrasion Isotope Dilution Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry) Uranium-Lead geochronology of zircon, extracted from igneous plutonic and mineralised porphyry intrusions in the Rio Blanco-Los Bronces Cu Porphyry area, Chile. Eleven parent samples cover an age range of ca. 14 Ma to ca. 5 Ma. Sample Identifiers correspond to the NERC Highlight topic consortium project FAMOS (From Arc Magmas to Ores) samples from the Natural History Museum component of the project and Large et al.(2024) J. Pet, where full rock types, geo-references, petrography, and geochemistry of parent samples can be found in addition to zircon Cathodoluminesence and SEM characterization of zircon of samples, and the corresponding zircon trace element analyses (inclusive of U-Pb) by laser ablation ICPMS. This data provides insights into the crystallisation of zircon and timescales of porphyry copper deposits.

High-resolution LA-MC-ICP-MS Pb isotope data (65.5 - 63 Ma) for Tropic Seamount, north-east Atlantic, and Matlab and R processing scripts for cyclostratigraphic analysis (NERC Grant NE/M011151/1)
The excel table presents the high-resolution LA-MC-ICP-MS Pb isotope data (± 2S%) produced for the Paleocene interval of Fe-Mn crust core sample 085_004 recovered in 2016 during the JC142 expedition to Tropic Seamount for the MarineE-Tech project. A detailed description of the sample can be found in Josso et al., 2019 and 2020. The Scripts data are Matlab and R readable file presenting all scripts and built-in functions used during the processing of the data to demonstrate the presence of astronomical imprint on the cyclicity of the Pb isotope ratios.

High-resolution synchrotron X-ray micro-tomography datasets of multiphase fluid flow in carbonate rocks at reservoir pressure conditions
The datasets contain 416 time-resolved synchrotron X-ray micro-tomographic images (grey-scale and segmented) of multiphase (brine-oil) fluid flow in a carbonate rock sample at reservoir conditions. The tomographic images were acquired at a voxel-resolution of 3.28 µm and time-resolution of 38 s. The data were collected at beamline I13 of Diamond Light Source, U.K., with an aim of investigating pore-scale processes during immiscible fluid displacement under a capillary-controlled flow regime, which lead to the trapping of a non-wetting fluid in a permeable rock. Understanding the pore-scale dynamics is important in many natural and industrial processes such as water infiltration in soils, oil recovery from reservoir rocks, geo-sequestration of supercritical CO2 to address global warming, and subsurface non-aqueous phase liquid contaminant transport. Further details of the sample preparation and fluid injection strategy can be found in Singh et al. (2017). These time-resolved tomographic images can be used for validating various pore-scale displacement models such as direct simulations, pore-network and neural network models, as well as to investigate flow mechanisms related to the displacement and trapping of the non-wetting phase in the pore space.

High-resolution time-resolved synchrotron X-ray micro-tomography datasets of drainage and imbibition in carbonate rocks at reservoir pressure conditions
The datasets contain time-resolved synchrotron X-ray micro-tomographic images (grey-scale and segmented) of multiphase (brine-oil) fluid flow (during drainage and imbibition) in a carbonate rock sample at reservoir pressure conditions. The tomographic images were acquired at a voxel-resolution of 3.28 µm and time-resolution of 38 s. The data were collected at beamline I13 of Diamond Light Source, U.K., with the aim of investigating pore-scale processes during immiscible fluid displacement under a capillary-controlled flow regime. Understanding the pore-scale dynamics is important in many natural and industrial processes such as water infiltration in soils, oil recovery from reservoir rocks, geo-sequestration of supercritical CO2 to address global warming, and subsurface non-aqueous phase liquid contaminant transport. Further details of the sample preparation and fluid injection strategy can be found in Singh et al. (2017). These time-resolved tomographic images can be used for validating various pore-scale displacement models such as direct simulations, pore-network and neural network models, as well as for investigating flow mechanisms related to the displacement and trapping of the non-wetting phase in the pore space.

High-resolution X-ray micro-tomography and nano-tomography datasets of Estaillades Limestone
The datasets contain 5 stitched X-ray micro-tomographic images (grey-scale, doped, difference, segmented porespace and segmented micro-porespace with porespace) and 3 X-ray nano-tomographic images of a region of microporous porespace in Estaillades Limestone. The x-ray tomographic images were acquired at a voxel-resolution of 3.9676 µm using a Zeiss Versa XRM-510 flat-panel detector at 70 kV, 6W, and 85 µA with an exposure time of 0.037s and 64 frames. The X-ray nano-tomographic images were reconstructed using a proprietary filtered back projection algorithm from a set of 1601 projections, collected with the Zeiss Ultra 810 with 32nm voxel size using a 5.4keV energy quasi-monochromatic beam with an exposure time of 90s. The data was collected at Imperial College London and Zeiss Labs with the aim of investigating pore-scale microporosity in carbonates with a heterogenous pore structure. Understanding the effect of microporosity on flow is important in many natural and industrial processes such as contaminant transport, and geo-sequestration of supercritical CO2 to address global warming. These tomographic images can be used for validating various pore-scale flow models such as direct simulations, pore-network and neural network models for upscaling flow across scales.

High precision zircon U-Pb data for plutonic rocks from the Masirah and Ra's Madrakah ophiolites, South East Oman
Zircon U-Pb isotope data are presented for eight plutonic rocks from the Masirah ophiolite and one plutonic rock from the Ra's Madrakah ophiolite (south east Oman). These data constrain the age of formation of the two ophiolite nappes exposed on Masirah Island (early Cretaceous), whereas two intrusions with younger ages (late Cretaceous) overlap with the proposed emplacement age of the ophiolite. The data cover two sites in the Masirah Lower Nappe, two sites in the Masirah Upper Nappe (on Masirah Island, off the SE coast of Oman) and one site on Ra's Madrakah (on the mainland of Oman). The interpretation and discussion of these data form part of a manuscript submitted to Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. Data collection was done using chemical abrasion isotope dilution thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (CA-ID-TIMS) at the NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratories at the British geological Survey, supported by NERC Isotope Geosciences Facilities award IP-1919-0619. This work resulted from a PhD project funded by NERC GW4+ DTP grant NE/L002434/1.

High resolution oxygen isotope stratigraphy of IODP sites U1394, U1395 and U1396 offshore Montserrat, Lesser Antilles (NERC grant NE/K002724/1)
Our proposed research is based on cores collected during the recent, and very successful, Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 340. The aims of this expedition were to investigate the volcanism and landslide history of the Lesser Antilles volcanic arc, by collecting a number of cores offshore Montserrat and Martinique. As a shipboard planktic foraminifera (single celled calcareous plankton) biostratigrapher (dating sediment cores using the appearances and disappearances of fossil plankton), Deborah Wall-Palmer (proposed PDRA) has access to these cores during the one year moratorium period. Until IODP Exp. 340, the longest continuous record (~250,000 years) of volcanic activity on Montserrat was a 5.75 m core collected to the south-west of the island in 2002, CAR-MON 2. This core revealed a more extensive and complete record of volcanic activity than that available in terrestrial cores. The longest continuous sediment record collected during Exp. 340 extends this record considerably. At 139.4 m in length, Hole U1396C records events back to 4.5 million years ago. The majority of this Hole will undergo stratigraphic analysis at low resolution, which will be carried out by other Exp. 340 scientists (Andrew Fraass, Mohammed Aljahdali). The upper 7 m section of this Hole is estimated to span 300,000 years and is comparable to the time period recovered in sediments for Holes U1394A/B (0 to 125 cm) and U1395B (0 to 30 cm). Holes U1394A/B and U1395B were collected close to Montserrat, in the main path of eruptive material from the Soufriere Hills volcano and contain a high resolution, but interrupted record of volcanic eruptions and landslides. Our proposed research is to provide a high resolution (every 2000 yrs) age framework across the upper ~300,000 year sections of these three cores. This will be achieved by collecting specimens of the planktic foraminifera Globigerinoides ruber and analysing the stable oxygen isotope ratios contained within their calcium carbonate tests (shells). Oxygen isotope ratios provide information about the global ice volume and global climate, and the standard record can be identified world-wide. Correlation to this record can therefore be used to provide an age framework for sediments, which is more detailed than using the biostratigraphic range of species alone. Producing this age framework is essential for achieving the overall aims of Exp. 340 as it will be used, in collaboration with several other Exp. 340 scientists, to reconstruct the volcanic and landslide history of Montserrat. In addition to this, to ensure the conservative use of samples, some further work will be carried out on samples requested from the upper 7 m of Hole U1396C. This will assist in constructing the low resolution stable isotope and biostratigraphic framework for the remainder of this Hole. The majority of this work is being carried out by Andrew Fraass (University of Massachusetts) and Mohammed Aljahdali (Florida State University). We will analyse the upper 7 m of Hole U1396C, at low resolution, for stable oxygen isotopes of the benthic foraminifera Cibicidoides spp. and for planktic foraminifera datum species.

High resolution river stage and groundwater level data from Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK
The borehole is located at the UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (UKCEH), screened between 2 and 4.5 m in the Thames gravels, and drilled to a total depth of 4.8m. It is located on an actively managed grass verge with popular and sycamore trees within 10 m. The stilling well is positioned 420 m west of the borehole in the River Thames. Both stage and groundwater level were monitored at 1-minutre frequency to investigate hydrological fractal scaling of high frequency data between 2012 and 2016. An automatic weather station is present between the borehole and stilling well and the data are available separately from UKCEH (stetur@ceh.ac.uk). Further site description is provided in: Habib, A. et al. 2017. Journal of Hydrology, 549, 715-730. Habib, A. et al. 2022. Hydrological Sciences Journal

High temperature and acoustic emissions experimental data on 'Comiso' Limestone (Ragusa Formation; Sicily, Italy)
This dataset contains raw experimental high temperature and acoustic emission testing data on ‘Comiso’ limestone samples as outlined in "Castagna, A., Ougier-Simonin, A., Benson, P. M., Browning, J., Walker, R. J., Fazio, M., & Vinciguerra, S. (2018). Thermal damage and pore pressure effects of the Brittle-Ductile transition in Comiso limestone. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 123(9), 7644-7660.s, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2017JB015105". The data is provided in a .zip folder for 2 experiments that are accompanied by a README file for introduction. Files format are Microsoft Excel Worksheet (.xlsx) and data are tabulated. Each file contains the corresponding relevant sample’s details and each column of data is clearly labelled, units included. For each experiment, local time, corrected time, temperature (in degrees Celsius), acoustic emission amplitude (in decibels) and counts were recorded. Cylindrical samples of ‘Comiso’ limestone samples (Ragusa Formation; Sicily) were heat-treated to investigate the effects of thermal stressing on the limestone’s microstructure. In all tests, a controlled heating rate of 1 °C/minute was applied, keeping the specimen at the desired maximum temperature for 30 minutes to allow complete temperature equilibration followed by natural cooling (generally less than<1 °C/minute). The experiments were conducted on the Carbolite CTF12/75/700 tube furnace of the Rock and Ice Physics Laboratory of the University College of London between the 22nd and 28th February, 2016. The experiment were conducted by Drs A. Castagna and J. Browning, both responsible for the collection and interpretation of the data.

High velocity friction experiments, Sumatra 2018 (NERC grant NE/P011268/1)
High velocity friction experiments. In this study, new samples recovered by IODP (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program) Exp. 362 from incoming Indian plate sediments will be used to investigate the frictional behavior of these sediments en-route to the plate boundary interface. The UK IODP Moratorium award will be used to achieve 5 Strategic Objectives: SO 1 - identify the characteristics of the sedimentary sections to optimize the sampling strategy for friction experiments based upon onboard sedimentology, petrology, geochemistry and in-situ logging profiles. This objective will benefit from the Exp. 362 Science Party work carried out during the cruise. SO 2 - acquire a quantitative data set of the mineral assemblages, fluid permeability, and porosity for each sample. SO 3 - measure their frictional dependence on slip, slip rate, slip velocity, and normal stress by performing experiments on the collected samples under deformation conditions typical of earthquakes using the high velocity rock friction apparatus SHIVA. SO 4 - monitor gas emission, humidity, and temperature variations during friction experiments using mass spectrometry, temperature and humidity measurements with the sensors installed on the rotary shear apparatus. SO 5 - analyse the experimental fault rock material using a multidisciplinary approach that involves microstructural analysis, mineralogy, and petrology so that proxy records may be reconstructed for plate interface seismic slip. Validate these against the seismological record. The ultimate goal is to incorporate the actual physical properties of the Sumatra-Andaman incoming sedimentary section within an improved theoretical earthquake rupture propagation model. This research will develop a new approach to the assessment of extreme near-trench tsunamogenic slip based on the analysis of incoming plate sediments. This approach is also applicable to other plate-boundary megathrusts (e.g. Japan Trench, Barbados). Future studies can also consider possible lateral variations in the lithological composition of the incoming plate/subduction plate boundary material.

HIKE European Fault Database
Tectonic lines in Europe, as they appear in the GeoERA HIKE fault data base. Fault geometry is based on national and regional information provided by the respective geological survey organisation.

HiRes1 Airborne Magnetic Radiometric VLF Survey North Midlands (OGC WxS INSPIRE)
High Resolution, Airborne Magnetic, Radiometric, VLF Survey over north Midlands of GB. Survey flying for the collaborative BGS and World Geoscience Corporation Ltd (WGC) high resolution geophysical and environmental survey was completed in early September 1998. The data comprise multi-channel gamma ray spectrometer, magnetometer and dual frequency VLF-EM. Flight line spacing was 400 m with tie lines at 1200 m and the total area surveyed is some 14 000 km2. Flight-line orientations are W–E over the western survey area, SW–NE over the eastern area. Ground clearance was maintained at 90 m in rural areas, increasing to about 240 m in built-up zones.

Historic Land Use associated with Mineral Planning Permissions for England
Between 2001 and 2003 BGS received approximately 1400 1:25 000 paper maps and associated card index from the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (now Department for Communities and Local Government (CLG)). The maps, originally compiled by the Minerals Division of the Ministry of Housing and Local Government (CLGs historic predecessor), contain hand drawn boundaries for permitted, withdrawn and refused mineral planning permissions, and worked ground. They also contain hand drawn boundaries for land use at each site. These 'MHLG' maps show information collated from the 1940s (retrospectively to 1930) to the mid 1980s. The index cards provide supplementary information regarding name, operator, dates and relevant local authority. Data depicted on the maps are for England only and include; [a] all planning appeals, departures and called in cases whether permitted or refused; [b] all planning permission and refusal data for various local authority areas which were obtained by Departmental officials through visits to authorities in a staged programme spread over many years. Priority was placed on areas that were giving rise to then current casework issues thus at the time when the maintenance of the maps ended (mid 1985), some authority information had been updated recently but other areas had not been visited for many years. [c] land use present at each site. Categories include: derelict areas, restored quarries (filled and unfilled), tip heaps and spoil heaps, and wet areas. The variable completeness of the data sets should be kept in mind when this material is being used. Land use polygons have been digitised from the MHLG maps and attribute information has been provided from the map legend and the appropriate card in the card index. The principal aim of the data is to show land use present in areas of land that have been affected by the extraction of minerals.

Historic Maps Collection
This dataset comprises 2 collections of maps. The facsmile collection contains all the marginalia information from the original map as well as the map itself, while the georectified collection contains just the map with an associated index for locating them. Each collection comprises approximately 101 000 monochrome images at 6-inch (1:10560) scale. Each image is supplied in .tiff format with appropriate ArcView and MapInfo world files, and shows the topography for all areas of England, Wales and Scotland as either quarter or, in some cases, full sheets. The images will cover the approximate epochs 1880's, 1900's, 1910's, 1920's and 1930's, but note that coverage is not countrywide for each epoch. The data was purchased by BGS from Sitescope, who obtained it from three sources - Royal Geographical Society, Trinity College Dublin and the Ordnance Survey. The data is for internal use by BGS staff on projects, and is available via a customised application created for the network GDI enabling users to search for and load the maps of their choice. The dataset will have many uses across all the geoscientific disciplines across which BGS operates, and should be viewed as a valuable addition to the BGS archive. There has been a considerable amount of work done during 2005, 2006 and 2007 to improve the accuracy of the OS Historic Map Collection. All maps should now be located to +- 50m or better. This is the best that can be achieved cost effectively. There are a number of reasons why the maps are inaccurate. Firstly, the original maps are paper and many are over 100 years old. They have not been stored in perfect condition. The paper has become distorted to varying degrees over time. The maps were therefore not accurate before scanning. Secondly, different generations of maps will have used different surveying methods and different spatial referencing systems. The same geographical object will not necessarily be in the same spatial location on subsequent editions. Thirdly, we are discussing maps, not plans. There will be cartographic generalisations which will affect the spatial representation and location of geographic objects. Finally, the georectification was not done in BGS but by the company from whom we purchased the maps. The company no longer exists. We do not know the methodology used for georectification.

Historic mine sites in Europe
Europe is largely dependent on raw materials imports and has to supply its needs, especially of critical raw materials, from international sources. Nevertheless, Europe also has a long lasting mining history and some deposits have been mined continuously even for hundreds of years. FRAME WP7 investigates traditional mining sites and their raw material potential. In addition to the main commodities of these historic deposits, the project focuses on strategic raw materials (SRM) such as e.g. high-tech metals extracted as by-products and critical raw materials of the EU actual list. These raw materials might be contained in the ore or in residues from the nowadays abandoned mining and beneficiation activities. The dataset contains examples of historic mines that might have a potential for CRM. Related case studies give detailed information on the sites. Please note: the dataset does not reflect a pan-European assessment, but examples and case studies.

Historic reconstructions of daily groundwater levels for eight boreholes in Burkina Faso (NERC Grant NE/M008827/1)
This dataset consists of reconstructions of daily groundwater levels for eight boreholes in Burkina Faso. Data for each borehole is provided in an individual csv file, with reconstructed groundwater level time series reported in metres above sea level (GWL, mASL). The groundwater level reconstructions were derived in 2019 as a part of the BRAVE project (NE/M008827/1 and NE/M008983/1) to develop an improved understanding of temporal variability in groundwater levels in sub-Saharan Africa. The reconstructions were derived using the lumped conceptual groundwater model AquiMod. Observed groundwater level time series for the eight boreholes were modelled using AquiMod, and the calibrated models were used with historic precipitation and potential evapotranspiration data to derive the reconstructions. The length of the time series of reconstructed groundwater levels varies between the boreholes due to differences in the length of the precipitation time series used to derive the reconstructions. Full details of this dataset are reported by Ascott et al. (2020). Ascott, M.J., Macdonald, D.M.J., Black, E., Verhoef, A., Nakohoun, P., Tirogo, J., Sandwidi, W.J.P., Bliefernicht, J., Sorensen, J.P.R., Bossa, A.Y., 2020. In Situ Observations and Lumped Parameter Model Reconstructions Reveal Intra-Annual to Multidecadal Variability in Groundwater Levels in Sub-Saharan Africa. Water Resour. Res., 56(12): e2020WR028056. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR028056

Holmium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Holmium (Ho), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Homogenised catalogues of microseismicity and pumping data from the PNR-1z and PNR-2 injection wells
Microseismicity catalogues and fluid injection rate data recorded at the Preston New Road (Lancashire, UK) unconventional shale gas site during and after hydraulic fracturing of the PNR-1z and PNR-2 wells. Homogenised seismic catalogues include events recorded by the combined downhole and surface networks operated by the operator (Cuadrilla Resources Ltd.) and the British Geological Survey. Injection rate values are as initially reported by Cuadrilla Resources Ltd. The original datasets were provided by the UK Oil and Gas Authority (OGA).

Hornblende 40Ar/39Ar dates for Miocene sediment samples collected at Site U1521 during International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 374 to the Ross Sea, Antarctica
This dataset comprises 40Ar/39Ar dated detrital hornblende grains for 5 samples from IODP Expedition 374 Site U1521 to the Ross Sea, collected on the RV JOIDES Resolution. Shipboard biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy suggests the samples are early Miocene in age (McKay et al., 2019, Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program). These data can be compared to terrestrial geochronological data, allowing the changing provenance of the sediments to be traced.

HotLime Case Study 1 Center: Central Molasse Basin Upper Jurassic footwall geothermal reservoir (Bavarian part)
Results of mapping and assessment of the cross-border (DE/AT) hydrothermal play in the Upper Jurassic carbonates beneath the central part of the North Alpine Molasse Basin (HotLime Case Study 1).

HotLime Case Study 1 East: Central Molasse Basin Upper Jurassic carbonate footwall geothermal reservoir (Austrian part)
Results of mapping and assessment of the cross-border (DE/AT) hydrothermal play in the Upper Jurassic carbonates beneath the central part of the North Alpine Molasse Basin (HotLime Case Study 1).

HotLime Case Study 1 West: Central Molasse Basin Upper Jurassic carbonate footwall geothermal reservoir (Baden-Wurttemberg part)
Results of mapping and assessment of the cross-border (DE/AT) hydrothermal play in the Upper Jurassic carbonates beneath the central part of the North Alpine Molasse Basin (HotLime Case Study 1).

HotLime Case Study 1: Central Molasse Basin Upper Jurassic footwall geothermal reservoir
Results of mapping and assessment of the cross-border (DE-BW / DE-BY / AT) hydrothermal play in the Upper Jurassic carbonates beneath the central part of the North Alpine Molasse Basin (HotLime Case Study 1).

HotLime Case Study 10 : Triassic carbonates in the Umbria Trough
Results of mapping and assessment of the hydrotermal play in the Late Triassic carbonate succession (HotLime Case Study 10)

HotLime Case Study 2: Upper Jurassic carbonates in the eastern Molasse Basin-Carpathian Foredeep transition zone (Austrian part)
Results of mapping and assessment of the cross-border (AT/CZ) hydrothermal play in the Upper Jurassic carbonates in the eastern Molasse Basin-Carpathian Foredeep transition zone.

HotLime Case Study 3a: Geothermal assesment of Lough Allen Basin Carboniferous limestones
Results of mapping and geothermal assessment of the Lough Allen Basin Carboniferous limestone.

HotLime Case Study 3b: Geothermal assesment of the Dublin Basin Carboniferous limestone
Results of mapping and geothermal assessment of the Dublin Basin Carboniferous limestone.

HotLime Case Study 4: Geothermal potential assesment of the Dinantian limestones flanking the London Brabant Massif
Results of mapping and geothermal potential assessment of the Dinantian limestones flanking the London Brabant Massif in the Netherlands and Flanders

HotLime Case Study 5: Po Basin Late Triassic-Middle Eocene carbonate geothermal reservoir
Results of mapping and assessment of the hydrotermal play in the Late Triassic-Middle Eocene carbonate succession beneath the Cenozoic p.p. siliciclastic infilling of the Po Basin (HotLime Case Study 5)

HotLime Case Study 6: Krško - Brežice sub-basin (Triassic carbonate geothermal reservoir)
Results of mapping and assessment of the hydrothermal play in the Triassic carbonates in Krško - Brežice sub-basin (HotLime Case Study 6).

HotLime Case Study 7: Zagreb Geothermal Field (Triassic carbonates and Miocene limestones)
Results of mapping and assessment of the hydrothermal play in Triassic carbonates and Miocene limestones (HotLime Case Study 7).

HotLime Case Study 8: Geothermal potential of Late Triassic Carbonates in the Malta Graben of the Pantelleria-Linosa-Malta Rift Complex
Results of mapping and assessment of a geothermal play in Late Triassic carbonates in the Malta Graben of the Pantelleria-Linosa-Malta Rift Complex (HotLime Case Study 8).

HotLime Case Study 9: Geothermal reservoir in Eocene carbonates of the Empordà Basin (ES)
Results of mapping, modelling and assessment of geothermal potential in the Eocene carbonates in the Empordà basin (HotLime Case Study 9).

Hotspot 1 map in the North-West Europe
The Hotspot 1 map combines the Heat in Place map and the socio-economic index map. It provides areas where the socio-economic potential at the surface and the geothermal reservoir conditions are the most promising.

HOVER - FROST Pilot
Experimental service to access temperature, groundwater age and total dissolved solid content observed in geothermal wells. Data was collected in the GeoERA HOVER Project. The main goal of setting up the service was to test feasibility and the concept of improving FAIRness by using the OGC SensorThings API standard for publishing interpreted results as Observation data. Scope is limited to geothermal wells located in Hungary and Slovenia. The work was completed in the GeoERA GIP-P project.

HOVER pilot site description
Location and description of the pilot sites and affiliation to workpackages. Links with the documents and reports produced during HOVER project and maps available in EGDI

Hover tracer Data
Tracer data

HOVER WP3 D3-5b BRC
Data for D3-5b BRC webservice

HOVER WP3 D3-5b Geology
Raster data of the geological map used for HOVER WP3 D3-5b Geology

HOVER WP3 D3-5b Pointdata
Pointdata produced in HOVER WP3 D3-5b - HGT and BRC concentrations for As and F

HOVER WP3 D3-5c testdata
testdata for D3-5c - full data added

HOVER WP3 D3.5c
sqlite dataset for HOVER WP3 D3.5c

HOVER WP7: Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer – Atalanti Pilot Area (GREECE)
Vulnerability assessment using DRASTIC method (Aller et al., 1987)

HOVER WP7: Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer – Boyne Pilot Area (IRELAND)
Vulnerability assessment using DRASTIC method (Aller et al., 1987)

HOVER WP7: Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer – Catalonia Pilot Area (SPAIN)
Vulnerability assessment using DRASTIC (Aller et al., 1987) and COP methods

HOVER WP7: Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer – Cobadin-Mangalia Pilot Area (ROMANIA)
Vulnerability assessment using DRASTIC (Aller et al., 1987) and COP methods

HOVER WP7: Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer – Finland Pilot Area (FINLAND)
Vulnerability assessment using DRASTIC method (Aller et al., 1987)

HOVER WP7: Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer – Lower Oder/Odra Pilot Area (GERMANY/POLAND)

HOVER WP7: Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer – Rockingham Pilot Area (IRELAND)
Vulnerability assessment using DRASTIC (Aller et al., 1987) and COP methods

HOVER WP7: Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer – Slovenia Pilot Area (SLOVENIA)

HOVER WP7: Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer – Traun-Enns-Platte Pilot Area (AUSTRIA)

HOVER WP7: Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer – Upper Guadiana Basin Pilot Area (SPAIN)

HOVER WP7: Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer, Tønder Pilot Area (DENMARK)

How do subduction zones initiate, develop and end: Imaging the Reversal of Subduction in the Solomon Islands (NERC grant NE/M00788X/1)
In this urgency proposal we will deploy seismometers for 1 year to record aftershocks from sequence of 4 major earthquakes with magnitudes between 7.1-7.6. These recordings and other recordings of earthquakes from around the globe will allow us to delineate with high accuracy the plate interfaces of the new and old subducting slabs and image the slab structures at depth. The structure of the old and new subduction zones will illuminate the processes occurring at depth which are shifting the force balance in the region to reverse the sense of subduction. The proposed experiment will be enhanced by concurrent studies scheduled to be deployed in Fall of 2014, which includes a multimillion pound ocean bottom seismic deployment by colleagues in Japan. The combined array will allow us to image the Pacific plate which is stalling the subduction, allowing us to investigate what conditions are necessary for a plate to halt the descent of the slab into the mantle. Thus we will be able to understand how subduction stops and starts. Data available online at the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Management Centre (DMC).

HydEF (Hydrological extremes and feedbacks in the changing water cycle) project: Thames catchment daily weather data (NERC grant NE/I006656/1)
This is a daily weather dataset that was produced to support hydrological modelling of the Thames catchment including use of the JULES land surface model https://jules.jchmr.org/ . It contains daily values of each of seven weather variables: air pressure, precipitation, wind speed, air temperature, wet bulb temperature, short wave radiation and cloud cover. The dataset was developed from the Met Office Integrated Data Archive System (MIDAS) to enable the calibration of multisite, multivariate weather generators that could be used to provide inputs to JULES using the Rglimclim software package ( http://www.homepages.ucl.ac.uk/~ucakarc/work/glimclim.html). The inputs were to be provided both at the station locations, and over a 5x5km2 grid located over the Kennet subcatchment. Topographic and other relevant information is provided for all relevant locations. The weather data contain many missing values: no attempt has been made to restore or interpolate these, since (a) the amount of missing data is so large that any interpolation exercise could have induce substantial biases in the final results of the hydrological modelling (b) Rglimclim does not require complete data records to produce a coherent weather generator.

Hydraulic conductivity
Interpolated or modelled hydraulic conductivity of a groundwater body

Hydraulic conductivity (C)
DRASTIC parameter C

Hydraulic transmissivity
Maximum yield of a groundwater well at peak load referring to the hydraulic conditions at the groundwater body (either maximum drawdown or maximum raise of water level in a well) for a defined well diameter.

Hydro-Electric Records (He)
Archive of reports, correspondence, records of tunnel and dam site examinations, borehole records relating to the North of Scotland Hydro-Electric Board's schemes in the Scottish Highlands c.1945-1970. Arranged by hydro-electric scheme.

Hydrocarbon fields in the North Sea
Hydrocarbon fields in the North Sea. This dataset contains information about the types of hydrocarbon, status, start year and operator.

Hydrogeologia
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia obiekty hydrogeologiczne na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology – Hydrogeology.

Hydrogeological Core Properties.
Database of hydrogeological properties measured on core samples. Contains most determinations generated by BGS Wallingford Physical Properties Lab but some data is only available on paper. High quality data produced to strict laboratory quality standards.

Hydrogeological map GBR 2019

Hydrogeological map of Iška alluvial fan 1:25 000 ATOM services
Data of Geological map were reclassified into classes of IAH classification on the base of hydrogeological characteristics. IAH classification is based on description of the hydrogeological units. Firstly, based on extensiveness and productivity and secondly on type of porosity.
The purpose is to provide assistance to the strategy of groundwater exploitation as to protection and water resources management.

Hydrogeological Map of Spain at a scale of 1:1,000,000, 1991.
The Hydrogeological Map of Spain at a scale of 1:1,000,000 presents the geological units classified according to their hydrogeological character, based on the surface permeability of the outcrops. The hydrogeology is represented by symbolisation of the materials.
It is a synthesis of the permeable hydrogeological formations and aquifers at national level, resulting from the systematic studies carried out by the IGME until 1991 on the hydrogeological characteristics of the territory of Spain, determining the location of the aquifers, evaluating their degree of exploitation, hydrodynamic characteristics, resources and reserves, and the quality and contamination of their waters.
The map has been drawn up by the Geological and Mining Institute of Spain in compliance with its specific functions.
It covers the national territory of the Iberian Peninsula, the Balearic Islands and the Canary Islands.
The first edition of the Hydrogeological Map of Spain at a scale of 1:1,000,000 corresponds to 1991.
A second edition was produced in 1999, incorporating the Hydrogeological Units of Spain into the hydrogeological map.

Hydrogeological Map of the Republic of Srpska
The Hydrogeological Map of the Republic of Srpska 1:300.000 in its widest sense is a graphical representation of hydrogeological characteristics of the territory of the Republic of Srpska. Its preparation is based on the synthesis of the existing geological structure data, hydrogeological categorization of the rocks and hydrogeological regionalization of the Republic of Srpska. The Clear Hydrogeological Map is prepared using modern sofware – programs and tools of the GIS, which enable the creation of hydrogeological data bank as a component of the unique Geological Information System of the Republic of Srpska.

Hydrogeological map of the UK and Isle of Man
The map shows the potential for the rocks to supply groundwater and the type of groundwater flow within the rocks. The dataset reattributes polygons in the Digital Geological Map Data of Great Britain - 625k (DiGMapGB-625) Bedrock version 5 dataset to indicate whether the bedrock is an aquifer, the type of flow through the aquifer (fracture and fissure flow or intergranular flow) and how productive the aquifer is likely to be. The dataset is based on the known hydrogeological properties of rock types. The dataset covers just the bedrock formations for the UK and the Isle of Man. The data can be used for planning, environmental analysis, water supply and hazards.

Hydrogeological Maps of Scotland version 2
The BGS Hydrogeological Maps of Scotland data product is comprised of three datasets: Bedrock Aquifer Productivity (Scotland); Superficial Aquifer Productivity (Scotland); and Groundwater Vulnerability (Scotland). Aquifer productivity is a measure of the potential of aquifers to sustain a borehole water supply. The Aquifer Productivity (Scotland) datasets indicate the location and productivity of bedrock and superficial aquifers across Scotland, and their groundwater flow characteristics. The Groundwater Vulnerability (Scotland) dataset shows the relative vulnerability of groundwater to contamination across Scotland. The BGS Hydrogeological Maps of Scotland data product is developed as a tool to support groundwater resource management. It may be useful to anyone interested in learning more about, assessing or managing groundwater resources across Scotland. The datasets within the product are delivered at 1: 100 000 scale.

Hydrogeological Maps of Switzerland 1:500,000
The Hydrogeological Map of Switzerland at 1:500,000 scale consists of two sheets. The first sheet shows the various groundwater resources in Switzerland and provides information about productivity. The second sheet shows the vulnerability of groundwater resources to possible contamination.

Hydrogeological zones of the Czech Republic 2005
Dataset contains hydrogeological zones with attached basic informations to the extent given to edict of Ministry of Agriculture Decree no.391/2004 Coll., i.e. information about zone name, numerical identifier, river basin managers and territorial identification, additional data on natural characteristics. The basic natural characteristics of zone include geological unit, group of zones, lithology, stratigraphy of Cretaceous group of zones, type of Quarternary sediment in laden layer of zones, type of aquifer-saturation, the character of the collector, the average power of the collector, the character of the groundwater level, the type of permeability, the predominant mineralization of groundwater and predominant chemical type of groundwater.

Hydrochemical, isotopic, hydrogeological and geological data from field studies of weathered crystalline rock aquifers in Tanzania and Uganda
Data for Uganda includes analytical, field, isotope and borehole data. Data for Tanzania includes chemistry, field, isotope and borehole data. Borehole data from the Makutopora Wellfield is also included. This data was collected to investigate the resilience to climate change in sub-Saharan Africa (Tanzania and Uganda) of intensive groundwater abstraction from weathered crystalline rock aquifer systems. The sustainability of such abstractions was investigated by examining historical aquifer responses to climate and intensive (> 1 l/s) abstraction, and investigating groundwater residence times at sites of intensive groundwater abstraction using multiple tracers. The project was DFID funded. Project partners include: University College London, the British Geological Survey and the Overseas Development Institute

Hydrological extremes and feedbacks in the changing water cycle (NERC Grant NE/I00677X/1)
2 examples of Integrated Water Vapour Transport (IVT) maps generated using a new algorithm produced from the work done under the Grant. This algorithm has been published and the article can be found here:

Hydromechanical and Biogeochemical Processes in Fractured Rock Masses in the Vicinity of a Geological Disposal Facility for Radioactive Waste (NERC grant NE/L000660/1)
Data for NERC grant NE/L000660/1. This is the data supporting Fig. 4 of the publication: Ebigbo, A., Lang, P. S., Paluszny, A., and Zimmerman, R. W. (2016). Inclusion-based effective medium models for the permeability of a 3D fractured rock mass. Transport In Porous Media, DOI: 10.1007/s11242-016-0685-z. It contains numerically computed permeabilities for various realisations of fracture networks. There are six different cases (as explained in the paper).

Hydromechanical and Biogeochemical Processes in Fractured Rock Masses in the Vicinity of a Geological Disposal Facility for Radioactive Waste (NERC grant NE/L000687/1)
Bibliographic Data - Oral and Poster Presentations given by members of Work Package 5 of the HydroFrame (Hydromechanical and Biogeochemical Processes in Fractured Rock Masses in the Vicinity of a Geological Disposal Facility for Radioactive Waste) project. Presentations given between November 2014 and November 2016.

Hydrostatic compressive tests on carbonates samples from Apulian Carbonate Platform at Pontrelli Quarry, Italy
This dataset contains experimental hydrostatic testing data with ultrasonic surveys and acoustic emission data as outlined in "Panza, E., Agosta, F., Rustichelli, A., Vinciguerra, S. C., Ougier-Simonin, A., Dobbs, M., & Prosser, G. (2019). Meso-to-microscale fracture porosity in tight limestones, results of an integrated field and laboratory study. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 103, 581-595, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2019.01.043". The data is provided in a .zip folder containing 11 files, with 10 files for each mechanical tests and 1 containing all the geophysical data recorded and calculated; accompanied by a README file for introduction. Files format is Microsoft Excel Worksheet (.xlsx) and data are tabulated. Each file contains the corresponding relevant sample’s details, and each column of data is clearly labelled, units included. For each experiment, mechanical dataset recorded time, axial force, axial displacement, axial stress, confining displacement, confining pressure, axial strains A and B, circumferential extensometer, and internal temperature. Physical dataset recorded sample’s dimensions, density, compressional (P) wave arrival time and shear (S1, S2) wave arrival times; details of calculated velocities and elastic parameters are also given. Ten right cylindrical samples of limestone from the Altamura Formation sampled at Pontrelli Quarry were tested in hydrostatic compression at a range of confining pressures (Pc = σ1=σ2=σ3) from 0 to 50, or 80 MPa, at 2 MPa/min. Samples were cored either horizontal (H) or vertical (V) that is respectively sub-parallel and sub-orthogonal to bedding; the orientation is indicated in the sample’s ID. Ultrasonic velocity measurements were performed at Pc = 0, 1, 2.5, 5, 10 MPa, and then at steps of 10 MPa up to the maximum Pc value. Each sample was tested oven dried (ca. 12 hours at 40 °C followed by cooling in a desiccator for 1 hour; all prior to the hydrostatic compression). All tests were conducted at room temperature. The experiments were conducted by Dr E. Panza, M. Dobbs and Dr A. Ougier-Simonin using the MTS815 Rock Testing System in triaxial configuration in the Rock Mechanics and Physics Laboratory of the British Geological Survey. All responsible for the collection and initial interpretation of the data.

Hydrothermal Atomic Force Microscopy construction drawings (NERC Grant NE/P004024/1)
Graphite software drawings of hydrothermal Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) parts. Each part is on a different file. Complete housing assembly drawing shows stacking of all different part on assembled AFM. BMP files provided for quick browsing in the absence of graphite software.

Hydrothermal fluid modelling for pH in alkaline hosts (NERC grant NE/M010848/1)
This study explored the links between host rock composition, hydrothermal fluid composition (particularly pH), and the resulting ore minerals and deposits. The progressive water–rock reaction between 1 kg of initially acidic, condensed magmatic vapour and a series of different rock compositions was modelled with CHILLER (Reed, 1982, Reed, 1998), and follows the design of the water-rock reactions of Reed (1997). The thermodynamic data used in the numerical experiments are from the database SOLTHERM.H08 (Reed and Palandri, 2013). Data and calculations within SOLTHERM include: equilibrium constants calculated with SUPCRT92 (Johnson et al., 1992); mineral thermodynamic data for silicates, oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, gases (Holland and Powell, 1998) and sulphides (Shock, 2007). Mineral solid solutions are represented by end-member compositions that are mixed using an ideal multisite mixing scheme. Rock compositions used in the modelling represent a sub-alkaline andesitic control, and a number of alkaline compositions associated with world-class Au deposits. All starting rock compositions are derived from whole rock geochemical data, and have been recalculated to a 100% basis without TiO2 or P2O5 (excluded as minor phases with little to no effect on hydrothermal mineral assemblages). Original total Fe (as Fe2O3) has been recalculated to FeO and Fe2O3 using the method of Müller et al. (2001). The andesite is representative of calc-alkaline, silica saturated compositions, and is derived from and discussed in detail in Reed (1997). The Luise “Phonolite” (a trachyandesite using the Le Maitre et al., 1989 TAS plot; Fig. 1) and Trachyandesite are from the vicinity of the Ladolam epithermal Au deposit, Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea (Müller et al., 2001). The Porgera Mugearite and Feldspar Porphyry represent unaltered host rock compositions (Richards, 1990) from the Porgera Au deposit (Papua New Guinea). The Cripple Creek Phonolite is part of the host suite to the Cripple Creek epithermal Au deposit, Colorado (Kelley et al., 1998). The Savo trachyte (Smith et al., 2009) represents a typical host rock of the active hydrothermal system (Smith et al., 2010), on Savo island, Solomon Islands. With the exception of the Andesite, all compositions are alkaline using the total alkali versus silica definition of Irvine and Baragar (1971). The Savo sample is not associated with known epithermal Au mineralisation; this composition was selected on the grounds that it represents an evolved (SiO2-rich) silica-saturated, alkaline composition. The initial fluid composition is based on a condensate from Augustine volcano (Symonds et al., 1990) mixed 1:10 with pure water (Reed, 1997; Table 2). A single starting fluid for all models was chosen so as to demonstrate the effect of host rock alone.

Hydrothermal Geochemical Experimental Data.
Series of water/rock and water/mineral interaction experiments at a range of temperatures and pressures. Most experimental runs now held in Excel spreadsheets. All runs held as paper records in the laboratory. Analytical results also held in Excel format. Kinetic information held in Access database for a range of minerals. Also have several reference datasets in Hypercard and End Note.

Hydrothermal systems, thermal boundary layers and detachment faults in slow-spread ocean crust (NERC grant NE/I015035/1)
Two published papers: Modelling the Lost City Hydrothermal Field: Influence of topography and Permeability structure. https://doi.org/10.1111/gfl.12151: and Rapid generation of reaction permeability in the roots of black smoker systems, Troodos ophiolite Cyprus. https://doi.org/10.1111/gfl.12117

Hyperspectral Infrared Core Imaging Data (processed, level 2)
The data comprise image and spectral data acquired by scanning of drillcores at SGU. The cameras in the scanner cover the visible, short wavelength and long wavelength parts of the infrared spectrum. The combination of different infrared wavelength ranges increases the mineral detection capability. Objective
information about the mineralogical composition of the drillcores is fundamental basics for interpretation and modeling of the rock and the geological evolution.
Level 2 is a processing level where data has been prepared for further spectral processing and product generation. Note that mineral identification is not included in level 2. This requires further processing and interpretation of the data.

Hyperspectral Infrared Core Imaging Data (unprocessed, level 0)
The data comprise unprocessed raw data (level 0 data) containing image and spectral data acquired by scanning of drillcores at SGU. Level 0 is typically the level at which raw hyperspectral data is captured during the scanning campaign and the data has not been processed i.e. no data correction, normalization
or band subsetting has been performed on this data.
The cameras in the scanner cover the visible-near infrared and short-wave infrared (VNIR-SWIR) and the long-wave infrared (LWIR). The combination of different infrared wavelength ranges increases the mineral detection capability. Objective information about the mineralogical composition of the drillcores
is fundamental basics for interpretation and modeling of the rock and the geological evolution.

HystLab Software v1.1.1 (NERC Grant NE/P017266/1)
HystLab (Hysteresis Loop analysis box), is MATLAB based software for the advanced processing and analysis of magnetic hysteresis data. Hysteresis loops are one of the most ubiquitous rock magnetic measurements and with the growing need for high resolution analyses of ever larger datasets, there is a need to rapidly, consistently, and accurately process and analyze these data. HystLab is an easy to use graphical interface that is compatible with a wide range of software platforms. The software can read a wide range of data formats and rapidly process the data. It includes functionality to re-center loops, correction for drift, and perform a range of slope saturation corrections.

Channel - lines
Polylines defining the channel thalweg and / or channel edge of buried or open features. Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

Channel - polygons
Channel landscape features subdivided where possible into open tunnel valley, open fluvial channel, open tidal channel, tidal inlet, buried fluvial channel, buried tunnel valley, or buried tidal channel. Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

Characterization of shale gas wells for well integrity simulations
The dataset is on characterization of shale gas wells for well integrity simulations. Basing on raw data and other information pertaining to two shale gas wells, acquired from Polish Oil and Gas Company (PGNiG) input to the well integrity simulations carried out by TNO was supplied by PIG-PIB. The input consisted in elaborating generalized models of the wells and their surroundings as wells as characterization of the target formations. Well construction schemes including the production casing sizes and depths and generalized lithostratigraphy of the geological formations in question were composed. Raw data acquired from PGNiG included wireline logging data (and interpretation results) together with results of laboratory measurements of drill core samples (e.g., on geomechanical properties). Regarding characterization of the target formations the most important information created were distributions of in situ stresses within particular formations in both wells, assessed on the base of results of wireline, density logging (vertical stress – based on weight of the overburden at a certain depth) and laboratory measurements of geomechanical parameters (horizontal stress – based on pressure values measured within rock sample in tri-axial chamber at reservoir conditions). Temperature values within formations in question were assessed assuming local geothermal gradient and information from PGNiG reports. The dataset was created within SECURe project (Subsurface Evaluation of CCS and Unconventional Risks) - https://www.securegeoenergy.eu/. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 764531

Characterization results of the synthesis of iron sulfide phases (NERC grant NE/J008745/1)
Data produced from NERC Grant NE/J008745/1. Grant Abstract: Iron sulfides are widespread in the environment, where they regulate and control the global geochemical iron and sulfur cycles. However, despite their application as indicators for seawater anoxia and recorders of early-life isotopic and paleomagnetic data, iron sulfide minerals are still largely unexplored compared to, for example, iron oxide minerals or the silicates or carbonates. Numerous iron sulfide phases are known, but many are highly unstable or only partially stable for a short time in the environment. Even the least reactive iron sulfide, pyrite, is no longer stable once exposed to air at the Earth's surface. Its dissolution leads to the problem of acid mine drainage, where sulfuric acid and any trapped toxic metals are released with devastating effects on the environment near the mine. However, iron sulfides also have beneficial effects on the environment, as they easily incorporate metals within their structure, and thus could be sinks for toxic metals or radioactive elements. An intriguing aspect of iron sulfides is the crucial role they may have played in the Origin of Life. Thin layers of iron-nickel sulfide are believed to have formed in the warm, alkaline springs on the bottom of the oceans on Early Earth. They are increasingly considered to have been the early catalysts for a series of chemical reactions leading to the emergence of life. The oxygen-free production of various organic compounds, including amino acids and nucleic acid bases - the building blocks of DNA - is thought to have been catalyzed by small iron-nickel-sulfur clusters, which are structurally similar to the highly reactive present day iron sulfide minerals greigite and mackinawite, yet we know little about how they form. In view of the likely role of such reactive minerals in the conversion of pre-biotic CO2 on Early Earth, we may well be able to harness iron sulfides as present-day catalysts for the same process, thereby potentially aiding the slowing down of climate change by converting the CO2 we produce into useful chemicals. In today's world, the importance of such iron-nickel-sulfide clusters as catalysts has been confirmed, as several life-essential iron-sulfur proteins help transform volatiles such as H2, CO and CO2 into other useful and less harmful chemicals. In all of the above examples, it is important to understand that the reactions that lead to the formation of all these minerals which are necessary for any of the geologically stable minerals to exist (i.e., pyrite) all rely on our understanding of the nucleation and growth of unstable precursors or of the reaction transforming one phase to another. Furthermore, the structure and reactivity of each of these phase determines its role and potential application in the environment. A few research groups in the UK and abroad have carried out high quality investigations of the properties of a number of iron sulfide minerals, but it is particularly difficult to investigate events early on in the nucleation process, even though they set the scene for all subsequent transformations. In this project we propose to employ a robust combination of state-of-the-art computation and experiment to unravel the nucleation of iron sulfide mineral phases. We aim to follow the reactions from the emergence of the first building block in solution, through agglomeration into larger clusters, their aggregation into nano-particles and the eventual transformation into the final crystal. We anticipate that this project, investigating short-lived processes which are only now accessible to study through the development of high temporal and spatial resolution in-situ characterization techniques and High Performance Computing platforms, will lead to in-depth step-by-step quantitative insight into the iron sulfide formation pathways and enhance our fundamental understanding of how a mineral nucleates in solution.

Check-shooting
This database (SDE) contains state-funded downholes seismic (check-shooting) survey measured in the Czech Republic in 1968-1994 (1998).

Chemical analysis data derived from NERC grant NE/I025573/1, When on Earth did modern plate tectonics begin?
Earth is a dynamic planet, for the simple reason that it is still cooling down from the heat of accretion and subsequent decay of radioactive elements. The main mechanism by which it loses heat is plate tectonics, a theory that has been widely accepted since the 1970s. The Earth is formed of a dense metallic core surrounded by a partially molten silicate mantle which itself is capped by a buoyant crust, either continental or oceanic. We live on the continental crust which largely exists above sea level. The ocean crust forms the floors of oceans and is only rarely exposed. The ocean crust forms by mantle melting at mid ocean ridges, such as the mid Atlantic ridge upon which sits the volcanic island of Iceland. New crust is constantly formed, forcing the older crust to spread outwards and oceans to grow larger. As the ocean crust spreads away from the ridge, it cools and becomes denser. Eventually it interacts with a continent, made of less dense material. The ocean crust is driven beneath the continent back into the mantle, a process known as subduction. Volcanoes form along the continental margin above the subduction zone and at least some of this activity results in addition of new continental crust. This may have been the main process responsible for initial formation and subsequent evolution of our continents. It can be observed now around the margin of the Pacific Ocean, where widespread volcanism is known as the "Ring of Fire". However, not all oceans can continue to grow! The Atlantic Ocean has stopped getting bigger as a response to the continued growth of the Pacific. Eventually, an ocean will close completely and the surrounding continents will collide, resulting in a linear mountain chain. A good example is the Himalaya, where India has collided with Asia. This whole process known as plate tectonics has a profound affect on our planet, providing us with land on which to live, seas in which to fish, freshwater to drink and our complex weather patterns. It is also a regulator of our climate since weathering of continental rocks results in drawdown of CO2 to the deep sea where it is stored. Understanding plate tectonics is central to Earth and Environmental Scientists. There are still important details that we know little about, such as how and when it began. This proposal seeks to investigate this by a novel study of critical rocks that characterise plate tectonics, in particular those that result from subduction. When ocean crust is subducted, increasing pressure and temperature change it into denser rock. As the Earth has evolved, the exact pressure and temperature conditions of this "metamorphism" have also changed. We propose to study this by using minerals that form within ocean crust during subduction. The rocks themselves are often destroyed by erosion, but tiny crystals of a robust mineral called rutile (titanium dioxide) can survive to be found in sediments derived from them. By dating these and using their chemical composition as a fingerprint, we can work out the pressure and temperature within the eroded subduction zone. Similarly, the volcanic rocks that form during subduction have changed through time. These are also often destroyed by erosion so that the exposed record may not be representative. Another robust mineral known as zircon (zirconium silicate) often survives the weathering and ends up alongside rutile in the younger sediments. Using similar methods with zircon we can also investigate changing styles of magmatism throughout Earth's history. . Currently the magmatic record implies that modern subduction began around 2500 million years ago, yet the metamorphic record implies a later start of around 700 million years ago. Our novel approach will test this. We will be able to say whether the younger date is correct and the older marks a different kind of plate tectonics, or whether the older date does indeed represent the onset of modern plate tectonics, and the exposed rock record is biased.

Chemical and Mineralogical analysis, SEM images and elemental diffusion timescales (NERC Grant NE/T009292/1)
Major and trace elements data for whole rock and clinopyroxene; major elements data for glassy groundmasses; BSE (back-scattered electron) images of clinopyroxene; Fe-Mg elemental diffusion timescales of clinopyroxene; LA-ICP-MS chemical maps of clinopyroxene.

Chemical data for River waters and sequential extractions from river sediments (NERC grant NE/K000705/1)
Paired water and river sediment samples were collected from Vietnam Australia, Cambodia and Nepal. Waters were analysed for major ions, Sr isotopes and Mg isotopes. Sediments were sequentially extracted using ammonium chloride, acetic acid and hydrochloric acid to target exchangeable ions, calcite and dolomite respectively. They were analysed for major ions and selected isotopes.

Chemical characterisation of leachates through oxidative, reductive and organic acid bioleaching of bauxite material, Turkey (NERC Grant NE/M01116X/1)
Chemical composition of bioleaching experiments on three Turkish karst bauxites using three approaches and equivalent uninoculated controls. Bioleaching methods consist of organic acid bioleaching (Aspergillus), reductive bioleaching (Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans) and oxidative bioleaching (A. ferrooxidans). Bioleaching experiments were conducted at the British Geological Survey to assess the potential for bauxite to recover rare earth elements from bauxite. Details of experimental design and interpretation is published elsewhere ( http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10080649)

Chemical characterization of Madagascan Ion Adsorption Deposits and chemical and biological leachates (NERC Grant NE/M01116X/1)
Chemical composition of 18 ion adsorption deposits (lateritic soils) from Ambohimirahavavy alkaline province, North West Madagascar as part of NERC funded SoS RARE in 2016. Samples collected from pits at depths down to 6.5m below surface. Details of samples in dataset “Sample list for the SoS RARE project” ( ). Chemical composition of biological and chemical leachates from one Madagascan sample. Time series covers 60 days leaching during 2016 and results are in mg/kg of original material. Biological leaching agents: Aspergillus sp. And Bacillus sp. Inoculum and natural community and chemical leaching agent: ammonium sulphate. Details of experimental procedure in https://doi.org/10.3390/min8060236. Experiments conducted at the British Geological Survey to assess suitability of bioleaching as a more sustainable alternative to chemical leaching of rare earth elements from ion adsorption deposits.

Chemical kinetic mechanism describing the atmospheric chemistry of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) and piperazine (PIP) with OH, NO2, Cl and N2O3. Gaussian software methodology and calculations (UKCCSRC Grant EP/P026214/1)
Amine atmospheric chemistry kinetic mechanism and related Gaussian 09 electronic structure outputs. A text document with a chemical kinetic reaction mechanism appropriate for the atmospheric chemistry of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) and piperazine (PIP). This consists of reactions of AMP and PIP with OH, NO2 and Cl considering the various possible hydrogen atom abstraction pathways available to each. These are considered the most important in the context of the likely atmospheric composition at sites where carbon dioxide amine based capture technology would be deployed. For completeness, additional reactions are reported of AMP and PIP with N2O3 leading to their adduct with NO, reactions of AMP and PIP radicals with OH and reactions of the PIP adduct with oxygen and PIP adduct with NO2 each producing an Imine. For each reaction is reported the Gibbs activation energy and the resulting rate constant for atmospheric conditions. The word document gives a description of the methodology used in the Gaussian 09 electronic structure calculation software and the resulting outputs in terms of the constituent atom cartesian coordinates, electronic configuration and energy for 77 distinct configurations of chemical reactant, product, and the intermediate step between reactant and product. UKCCSRC Flexible Funding 2021: Advancements in mixed amine atmospheric kinetic models.

Chemical potentials of liquid iron mixtures at ICB conditions and of solid ferropericlase at CMB conditions (NERC grant NE/M000990/1)
This dataset contains VASP runs performed on several supercomputing services (ARCHER, Monsoon, Thomas and Grace in the UK; Eos in the USA) to calculate the chemical potentials of liquid iron mixtures and solid ferropericlase at Earth's core conditions using density functional theory. Data are available for the chemical potentials of iron in MgFeO and oxygen in liquid FeSiO. These data were used to calculate the partitioning of oxygen between ferropericlase and Earth's liquid core and to analyse the chemical boundary layer above the CMB. The present grant also supported work regarding the homogeneous solid nucleation in iron and iron-oxygen mixtures at Earth's core conditions when dealing with the core paradox. Classical nucleation theory data and results from VASP runs and classical molecular dynamics runs performed on ARCHER and Eos (Oak Ridge, USA) are also included in the uploaded dataset. In addition, the present grant also supported research on the dynamics and evolution of the Earth's core, together with a study confirming the saturation of electrical resistivity of solid iron at Earth’s core conditions (these data were uploaded as part of a previous NERC Grant, NE/H02462X/1). Further details can be found in Davies, Pozzo and Alfe’ (2018, in press); Davies et al. (2018); Pozzo and Alfe’ (2016); Davies et al. (2015).

Chemistry of Manganese (Mn) oxides in limonite samples from the CoG3 NERC project (NERC Grant NE/M011488/1)
NERC Grant NE/M011488/1 Electron microprobe analyses of Mn-oxyhydroxide phases as elemental percentages per point analysis. Mn-oxyhydroxide phases were within limonites from Acoje (Philippines), Caldag (Turkey), Nkamouna (Cameroon), Piaui (Brazil) and Shevchenko (Kazakhstan) laterite deposits. The data were acquired during the NERC SoS Minerals CoG3 project between 2015 and 2018 using a Cameca SX100 electron microprobe at the Natural History Museum, London, UK. Point analyses were performed on samples set within epoxy resin blocks, polished and coated with carbon. All elements were analysed using wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometers. These data were used to identify the Co and Ni bearing host minerals within each natural resource and to assess the amount and variability of these elements within specific Mn-oxyhydroxide phases. This may be useful within the mining sector, resource assessment, processing or prospecting, geo- or material scientists and processing engineers / metallurgists. The data were acquired in the Core Research Laboratories, Natural History Museum by the NHM CoG3 team. NERC grant: CoG3: The geology, geometallurgy and geomicrobiology of cobalt resources leading to new product streams

Chlorine, Fluorine, and Bromine fluid/melt partitioning data in basaltic andesite and dacite rock experiments
The data report new F, Cl, and Br fluid/melt partition coefficients for intermediate to silicic melts, for which F and Br data are particularly lacking; and for varying CO2-H2O contents. The data was collected from basaltic andesite and dacite rock experiments from the Kelud volcano in Indonesia and Quizapu volcano in Chile Over the period of two years, 2020 – 2022. The experiments were conducted at pressures 50–120 MPa, temperatures 800–1100 °C, and volatile compositions [molar XH2O = H2O/(H2O +CO2)] of 0.55 to 1, with redox conditions around the Nickel-Nickel Oxygen buffer (ƒO2 ≈ NNO). Experiments were not doped with Cl, Br, or F and were conducted on natural crystal-bearing volcanic products at conditions close to their respective pre-eruptive state. The data was collected to assess the effects of changing fluid composition (XH2O) on Br fluid/melt partitioning for the first time. Three tables of data are provided; Table 1.xlsx Table 1 Experimental conditions, which were conducted under NNO oxygen buffer. Table 3.xlsx Table 3: Major element and Br, Cl and F contents of experiments, modelled water and CO2 values and Fluid/melt partitioning. The standard deviation (1 sigma) of the multiple analyses for each experiment (n=11-24) Table S2 SIMS and EMPA Secondary standards.xlsx SIMS and EMPA secondary standards Associated paper; Mike Cassidy, Alexander A. Iveson, Madeleine C.S. Humphreys, Tamsin A. Mather, Christoph Helo, Jonathan M. Castro, Philipp Ruprecht, David M. Pyle, EIMF; Experimentally derived F, Cl, and Br fluid/melt partitioning of intermediate to silicic melts in shallow magmatic systems. American Mineralogist 2022;; 107 (10): 1825–1839. doi: https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2022-8109

Chondrichthyes Teeth and Dentitions including extant and fossil taxa. Phylogenetically basal actinopterygian (Polyodon) for comparison. (NERC grant NE/K01434X/1)
Computed tomography (CT) scans of extant and fossil chondrichthyans, of teeth organized into functional dentitions. These scans were taken on a Nikon Metrology HMX ST 225, in the Image and Analysis Centre, Natural History Museum, London.

Chromium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Chromium (Cr), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

I - Impact of vadose zone media (DRASTIC)
I layer represents direct assignment of I index values for the only each hydrological unit.

I - Impact of vadose zone media (DRASTIC)
I layer is calculated by direct assignment of vadose zone material to I index values according to DRASTIC methodology, raning from 1 to 10. In areas covered by subsoil deposits, the vadose zone media classification (the ‘I’-rating) was based on soil and subsoil type. In areas of exposed bedrock and subcrop or areas with < 3 m of subsoil coverage, the characteristics of the vadose zone was taken from the aquifer characteristics.

I - Impact of vadose zone media (DRASTIC)
I layer represents direct assignment of I index values for each hydrological unit.Higher values of “I” factor correspond to areas with unsaturated zone formed by gravel and sand, smaller values represent areas with unsaturated zone formed by metamorphic and igneous rocks.

factor I of DRASTIC groundwater vulnerability of Traun-Enns-Platte/AUSTRIA

Impact of vadose zone, for Sarmatian aquifer in Dobrogea de Sud, Romania

Ice Streams in the Laurentide Ice Sheet (NERC grant NE/J00782X/1)
Data generated using freely-available satellite remote sensing observations from the USGS Earth Resources Observation Science Centre, together with a freely-available ice margin chronology from Dyke et al. (2003) Geological Survey of Canada Open File Report No. 1574. The map is published in the Journal of Maps: Published article in 'Nature' Volume 530 Feb 2016 with associated source data. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature16947 Published paper in the Taylor Francis Online Journal with associated data. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17445647.2014.912036

ICP (Inductively coupled plasma) data of cobalt bearing ore materials used in the CoG3 project. (NERC Grant NE/M011488/1)
NERC Grant NE/M011488/1 ICP bulk chemistry as wt% oxide or elemental ppm of limonites from Acoje (Philippines), Caldag (Turkey), Nkamouna (Cameroon), Piaui (Brazil) and Shevchenko (Kazakhstan) laterite deposits; reduced sulphide ore from Thakaringa Mine (Australia); processing residues from the Kevitsa Mine (Finland). The data were acquired during the NERC SoS Minerals CoG3 project between 2015 and 2018 by ALS Global using either lithium borate fusion or 4 acid digestion. These data were used to assess bulk geochemistry, and the Co and Ni loading of the resources. This may be useful within the mining sector, resource assessment, processing or prospecting, geo- or material scientists and processing engineers / metallurgists. NERC grant: CoG3: The geology, geometallurgy and geomicrobiology of cobalt resources leading to new product streams

IGME- Quaternary Fault Database of the Iberian Peninsula (QAFI)
QAFI is a database of faults with geological evidence of proven activity during the Quaternary period (the last 2.6 million years according to the limit officially established by the SQS in 2009) of the Iberian Peninsula.
It is a project in constant revision and updating as a result of the progress of studies and knowledge about the structures capable of generating earthquakes in Iberia, and can never be considered complete or definitive, both because of the scientific nature of the data contained in it, and because of the modus operandi used in its construction: the altruistic collaboration of numerous researchers in Earth Sciences.
QAFI, both in Access format and geospatially represented, is hosted and maintained by the Geological Survey of Spain (IGME), and is accessible to the entire scientific and technical community and society in general.

IGME-Inventory of Mine Tailings 1989
Database of sterile deposits and coarse materials poured dry (mine tailings) that originate in the mines and quarries. Contains the National Inventory of Mining Tailings and Structures of Mixed Type with information related to physical and geological characteristics, type of mining, impact on the environment, possibility of exploitation, etc. This information has been obtained through the completion of the National Inventory of Mining Ponds and Minig Tainlings from the IGME from 1983 to 1989. It is a georeferenced factual database managed with SQL Server.

IGME-Map of the Spanish Karst on a scale of 1:1,000,000
The Map of the Karst of Spain includes the different 'karstifiable' lithologies indicating their type (carbonates, gypsums and detritus), and the intensity of karstification in each of the areas. Also included are caves, poles, outcrops and other hydrogeological and geomorphological entities linked to karstification processes

IGME-Mineral Resources Database (Metallogeny)
Bdmin (Metallogeny) contains information on mineral deposits and indications, both metallic and non-metallic. Until 2006, this information was stored in paper files or in old databases such as the metallogeny databases (Metagen I and Metagen II). It is national in scope. The information is structured in different sections: General Data, Geological Data, Metallogenic Data, Mining Data and Additional Data. The storage format is SQLServer. It is publicly accessible, except for some of the data contained in the database, such as the fields relating to mining data and additional data.

IGME-ZESIS (Database of seismogenic zones of the Iberian Peninsula and territories of influence for the calculation of seismic hazard in Spain)
ZESIS is a database of seismogenic zones of the Iberian Peninsula and territories of influence developed for the calculation of the update of the seismic hazard map of Spain (IGN-UPM, 2013). ZESIS is the result of the evolution of three successive models in which numerous researchers from national and international research centres have collaborated, and of the synergy of the FASEGEO (CGL2009-09726), SHARE (FP7-226967), IBERFAULT (CGL2009-07388), OPPEL (IGN-UPM) and SISMOGEN (IGME) projects

IGME - Historical inventory of the IRYDA drillings
Historical data of the surveys carried out for the investigation of the different aquifers of Spain, the result of the collaboration between the Geological and Mining Institute of Spain (IGME), with the National Institute of Agrarian Reform and Development (IRYDA), before the National Institute of Colonization (INC). The surveys were conducted mainly between 1950 and 1990

IGME - Hydrogeological Map of the Iberian Peninsula, Balearic and Canary Islands at scale 1M
Hydrogeological Map of Spain classified according to aquifer type and lithogeochemical characterisation.

IGME - Lithostratigraphic Map of Spain at scale 1/200000
The continuous lithostratigraphic map of Spain in digital format at a scale of 1:200,000 represents the cartographic units characterised mainly according to lithostratigraphic and hydrogeological criteria. The criteria maintained to consider their cartographic representation are to maintain those units that present an important lithostratigraphic development, both for their representation and their singularity, also incorporating those that show a high hydrogeological interest, either because of their own lithological nature (high permeability) or because they are considered to form an essential part of the definition of the aquifer. The contacts between the cartographic units represented were normal, unconformable and intrusive contacts. Faults, thrusts and folding structures are represented. Thus, a continuous map has been obtained in digital format, in which there are still areas with a higher density of cartographic information than others, either because they come from synthesis maps made with less general criteria than these, or because for their preparation, smaller scale cartographies (e.g. 1:50,000) have been used, thus obtaining a much richer and more detailed cartography. This map is the basis for the permeability and hydrogeological maps of Spain at a scale of 1:200,000 continuous and in digital format. This cartography is adapted to the hydrographic network and the shadow model made by CEDEX, at a scale of 1:200,000, from the topographic base, at a scale of 1:50,000, of the Army Cartographic Service. Given the scale of detail of this cartography, the availability of the entire national territory, and the impossibility of appreciating the detail it possesses at small scales, the information is only visualised from the visualisation scale indicated in the Capabilities file.

IGME - National Inventory of Sludge Deposits 2002
Database of sterile deposits from mining washers. It also contains alphanumeric information of the different registers, documentary information (photographs, sketches and situation maps). This information is of national scope and has been generated thanks to the agreement "Update of the National Inventory of Mining Sterile Bodies" signed by the IGME and the General Directorate of Mines (MINER) in 1999. Information contained in the "Inventory" has also been used. in the "National Inventory of Mine Waste Ponds and Mining Tailings" carried out by the IGME between 1983 and 1989. It is a georeferenced documentary database managed with SQL Server, available online at http://info.igme.es/balsas

IGME - Permeability Map of Spain at scale 1/200000
Permeability Map of Spain continuous and in digital format at a scale of 1:200.000 is based on the continuous Lithostratigraphic Map of Spain at a scale of 1:200.000 and represents the mapped lithostratigraphic levels grouped by similar permeability values. Five permeability types were established: Very high, High, Medium, Low and Very low. The different lithologies were associated in 7 large groups (carbonate, detrital, Quaternary detrital, volcanic, metadetritic, igneous and evaporite), giving rise to a classification by aquifer types, established according to the formation processes of each permeability. Given the scale of detail of this cartography, the availability of the entire national territory, and the impossibility of appreciating the detail it possesses at small scales, the information is only visualised from the visualisation scale indicated in the Capabilities file

IGME - Permeability map of the Iberian Peninsula, Balearic and Canary Islands at scale 1M
Hydrogeological Map of Spain classified according to permeability.

IGME NC-CSIC Location, Data and Services Catalogue Service/LocalisedCharacterString
Web service for the discovery of spatial data sets and services based on the INSPIRE Catalogue profile (CSW ISO AP) that allows consultation of the metadata records of the NC Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME)-CSIC.

Map with the geographical distribution of the areas where similar expansivity is assumed for the clays, which have been classified into four groups: none to low, low to moderate, moderate to high and high to very high. The different mapped units have been assigned age (4 possible) and lithology (7 different types). The map also shows the surface formations without distinction.

This map shows deposits dated as Plio-Pleistocene to contemporary, classified in 10 geochronological intervals and separated according to their genesis. Glacial, volcanic, karstic, aeolian, littoral, edaphic, palaeontological and prehistoric entities are included.

iHydrogeology shale and aquifer surfaces (vertical separation maps and data)
These maps provide an overview, at the national scale, of the spatial relationships between principal aquifers and some of the major shale and clay units in England and Wales. The data comprises a series of occurrence maps shows the distribution of rock units that form the principal aquifers and some major shale and clay units in England and Wales. In addition, a series of separation maps show the vertical separation between pairs of shales or clays and overlying aquifers. If shale gas resources are to be developed in the UK, the implications for groundwater will need to be considered as part of any risk assessment. A step in such an assessment will be to understand and quantify the spatial relationships between the potential shale gas source rocks (including both shales and some clay units) and overlying aquifers. The datasets used to produce the aquifer maps, the shale and clay occurrence maps and the separation maps are available to download for your own use. As with other BGS data sets available for download, this will enable you to work offline to develop your own systems and methodologies using BGS data. The data used to produce the aquifer, shale and clay maps are available below as ESRI GIS and KML files.

Ichological presence/absence data from the Pliensbachian of the Llanbedr (Mochras Farm) borehole (NERC Grant NE/N018508/1)
Binary presence/absence of ichnotaxa and lamination from the Pliensbachian of the Llanbedr (Mochras Farm) borehole, Wales, together with a summary of runs tests from the same dataset. Used as basis for cyclostratigraphic analysis. Data are at an even 10 cm resolution from 865.0 m depth to 1284.0 m depth in the borehole. Ichnotaxa included are Phycosiphon, Thalassinoides, and Schaubcylindrichnus. Data may be useful for cyclostratigraphic reanalysis. Dataset comprises supplementary files from Pienkowski, G., Uchman, A., Ninard, K., Hesselbo, S.P. 2021. Ichnology, sedimentology, and orbital cycles in the hemipelagic Early Jurassic Laurasian Seaway (Pliensbachian, Cardigan Bay Basin, UK). Global and Planetary Change, publ. date 1st Dec 2021

Ijsselmeer PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Ijsselmeer, Netherlands. It has been provided by Hansje Brinker BV as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Image and numerical data detailing interactions between metal reducing bacteria and metals (NERC grant NE/J024732/1)
These data show images recorded using a variety of methods of a model system of bacterial metal reduction. In all cases the bacteria grew from a pure culture of Geobacter sulfurreducens, and grew undisturbed on thin films of amorphous Fe oxyhydroxide – ferrihydrite. The different imaging methodologies have highlighted different features of this interaction. AFM shows the surface texture of the bacteria and ferrihydrite films; epifluorescence was used to allow counting of the cells at different time points from 0 to 12 days post inoculation (cell counts available in excel spreadsheet); and confocal imaging allow visualisation of the redox patterns surrounding cells and to identify areas of bioreduced Fe(II) (quantification of Fe(II) available in excel spreadsheet). The following data is included: 1. 9 x AFM images of Geobacter sulfurreducens bacteria growing on ferrihydrite films 2. 5 x epifluorescence images of Geobacter sulfurreducens bacteria growing on ferrihydrite films over time 3. spreadsheet bacterial counts associated with epifluorescence images 4. 7 x confocal images of Geobacter sulfurreducens bacteria growing on ferrihydrite films with redox green staining of appendages 5. 5 x example confocal images of Geobacter sulfurreducens bacteria growing on ferrihydrite films with Fe(II) highlighted by RhoNox-1 6. Spreadsheet of quanitfication of RhoNox intensity against bacteria and Fe co-location Data is presented which shows the formation of precious metal nanoparticles on the surface of geobacter sulfurreducens cells. The images were produced by CryoTEM. Full details of the experiment are available in this publication 7. Powerpoint presentation of TEM images of precious metal nanoparticles formed on the surface of Geobacter cells

Image Data - Estimation of Capillary Pressure in Unconventional Reservoirs Using Thermodynamic Analysis of Pore Images
Image data published in AGU paper "Estimation of Capillary Pressure in Unconventional Reservoirs Using Thermodynamic Analysis of Pore Images". The images of unconventional shale rock pores were captured using nano-CT and SEM imaging methods. Images are segmented into fluid (or pore) and rock phases and are stored in RGB format as JPG files. Images were used to produce the plots and data presented in the above referenced paper.

Images and laser ablation ICPMS data for Fe-Ni-Cu sulfides from Cabo Ortegal, northern Spain (NERC Grant NE/P017312/1)
Samples are dunites, harzburgites and pyroxenites with variable proportions of chromite from the Cabo Ortegal collection of the late Prof Hazel Prichard, that is held at Cardiff University. Data were acquired during 2021 and 2022. Folders include: reflected light microscopy images of various sulfide minerals and mineral textures in thin section; element maps and backscattered electron images of areas and selected complete thin sections; and metadata (time-resolved analysis spectral data) for laser ablation ICP-MS analysis of sulfide minerals. Petrographic assessment by element mapping used a Zeiss Sigma HD Field Emission Gun Analytical Scanning Electron Microscope (A-SEM) equipped with two Oxford Instruments 150 mm2 Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (EDS) detectors at the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University. Operating conditions were set at 20kV and aperture size to 120 µm, with a nominal beam current of 4 nA and working distance of 8.9 mm. Using Aztec software, maps were acquired at 100 to 150 x magnifications, with resulting pixel sizes ranging from 10 to 22 µm, depending on the resolution of acquired spectral images. Laser-ablation ICPMS analyses were performed using a ESI UP213 laser system coupled to a Thermo iCAPRQ ICP-MS system at the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University. The data were gathered to understand the concentrations of precious and semi-metal trace elements and their likely mineral forms in the various Fe-Ni-Cu sulfide minerals.

Images and laser ablation ICPMS data for Fe-Ni-Cu sulfides from the Kohistan Arc, northern Pakistan (NERC Grant NE/P017312/1)
These files contain data for microscopy and mineral analyses on Fe-Ni-Cu sulfide minerals in the upper mantle and lower crust of the Kohistan arc system. Samples are dunites, harzburgites and pyroxenites with variable proportions of chromite from the Kohistan collection of Prof Brian Windley, that is held at Leicester University. Data were acquired during 2017 and 2018. Folders include: reflected light microscopy images of various sulfide minerals and mineral textures in thin section; maps and backscattered electron images of areas of thin sections; and metadata (time-resolved analysis spectral data) for laser ablation ICP-MS analysis of sulfide minerals. Laser-ablation ICPMS analyses were performed using a ESI UP213 laser system coupled to a Thermo iCAPRQ ICP-MS system at the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University. The data were gathered to understand the concentrations of precious and semi-metal trace elements and their likely mineral forms in the various Fe-Ni-Cu sulfide minerals. Collected under the From Arc Magma to Ore System (FAMOS) Project.

Images for plagioclase grain shape and size (NERC grant NE/N009894/1)
Measurements of the aspect ratio of plagioclase grains in dolerites from sills. Photomicrographs (several per sample across each of the sills, at a magnification such that the long side of the field of view is 4.5mm long) are each accompanied by a drawing showing a pair of lines for each observable grain, giving the long and short axis of the grain intersection as viewed in thin section, together with a drawing showing only the long axes of each grain. A summary file provides the number of grains measured in each sample, together with the average aspect ratio, with 1σ uncertainties calculated using a bootstrap method. The grain size is reported for all grains measurable in the set of photomicrographs (in mm), and is taken as the length of the long axis for each grain intersection in thin section. The average grain size and the skew of the population is also provided. The choice of the area in each thin section to photograph and analyse was random, although any areas of late-stage alteration were avoided. This dataset is useful to anyone seeking to quantify plagioclase grain size in tabular mafic intrusions.

Images of extant and fossil euglenids (light microscope-LM, scanning electron microscope-SEM, transmission electron microscope-TEM) (NERC Grant NE/R001324/1)
Extant euglenids from cultures LM and SEM images of living euglenids and euglenids post acetolysis Fossil material (recovered by standard palynological analysis) LM, SEM and TEM images of fossil materials from:- (i) The Torridonian of Scotland (ii) The Nonesuch Formation of Michigan, USA (iii) The 'fish beds' of the Silurian Inliers of the Midland Valley of Scotland.

Impact of the vadose zone (I)
DRASTIC parameter I

Impacts of the Calbuco eruption, Chile (NERC grant NE/N007271/1)
Volcanic ash samples were collected and analysed following the 2015 eruption of Calbuco volcano, Chile. Datasets uploaded are: Calbuco2015 Probe Data - excel Calbuco2015 Locations and Grain Size – excel Calbuco Deposit Measurements grl54177-sup-0002-tables3 Published as supplement to A.R. van Eaton et al (2016) Volcanic lightning and plume behavior reveal evolving hazards during the April 2015 eruption of Calbuco volcano, Chile, Geophysical Research Letters 43 (7), 3563-3571 Electron Probe Micro Analysis Major element compositions of plagioclase, groundmass glass and melt inclusions were analysed with a JEOL JXA-8600 wavelength-dispersive electron microprobe (EMP), equipped with four spectrometers, at the Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford using a defocused beam (5¿m), low beam current (4nA) and accelerating voltage of 15 kV. Full analytical conditions are detailed in Rawson et al. (2015). Secondary standards used were Gor128-G and StHs/80-G for glass (Jochum et al., 2006). Glass (melt inclusion and groundmass) totals were normalised to 100% to account for variable secondary hydration. Stoichiometry and charge balancing was used to determine the amount of Fe2O3 and FeO in plagioclase. Pyroxene and magnetite grains were analysed with a defocused beam (5¿m), higher beam current (10nA), and an accelerating voltage of 15 kV. Secondary standards used were hornblende (USNM 111356), Pyrope (USNM 1143968) and ilmenite (USNM 96189; (Jarosewich et al., 1980). Stoichiometry and charge balancing was used to determine the amounts of Fe2O3 and FeO, following Droop (1987). Thickness and Grain size analysis Ash fallout thicknesses were measured in the field shortly after deposition, and samples collected for follow-up analysis of grainsize and chemical composition. Grain size analysis was conducted using a Malvern Laser Particle Sizer Mastersizer 2000 at the University of Oxford.

In-situ rock deformation and micron-scale crack network evolution: a high-resolution time-resolved x-ray micro-tomography dataset (NERC Grant NE/R001693/1)
This collection comprises two time-series of 3D in-situ synchrotron x-ray microtomography (μCT) volumes showing two Ailsa Craig micro-granite samples (ACfresh02 and ACHT01) undergoing triaxial deformation. These data were collected in-situ at the PSICHE beamline at the SOLEIL synchrotron, Gif-sur-Yvette, France in December 2016 (standard proposal 20160434) and are fully explained in Cartwright-Taylor A., Main, I.G., Butler, I.B., Fusseis, F., Flynn M. and King, A. (in press), Catastrophic failure: how and when? Insights from 4D in-situ x-ray micro-tomography, J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth. Together, these two time-series show the influence of heterogeneity on the micro-crack network evolution. Ailsa Craig micro-granite is known for being virtually crack-free. One sample (ACfresh02) remained as-received from the quarry until it was deformed, while the second (ACHT01) was slowly heated to 600 degC and then slowly cooled prior to deformation in order to introduce material disorder in the form of a network of nano-scale thermal cracks. Thus these two samples represent two extreme end-members: (i) ACfresh02 with the lowest possible (to our knowledge) natural pre-existing crack density, and so is a relatively homogeneous sample and (ii) ACHT01 with a thermally-induced nano-crack network imprinted over the nominally crack-free microstructure, and therefore has increased heterogeneity relative to ACfresh02. Each 3D μCT volume shows the sub-region of each sample in which the majority of damage was located and has three parts. Part one is reconstructed 16-bit greyscale data. Part two is 8-bit binary data showing individual voids (pores and micro-cracks) in the dataset after segmentation. Part three is 32-bit data showing the local thickness of each void, as in Cartwright-Taylor et al. (in press) Figures 4 and 5. Each part is a zip file containing a sequence of 2D image files (.tif), sequentially numbered according to the depth (in pixels, parallel to the loading axis) at which it lies within the sample volume. File dimensions are in pixels (2D), with an edge length of 2.7 microns. Each zip file is labelled with the sample name, the relevant letter for each 3D volume as given in Cartwright-Taylor et al. (in press) Tables 3 and 4, part 1, 2 or 3 (depending whether the data are greyscale, binary or local thickness respectively), the differential stress (MPa) on the sample, and the associated ram pressure (bar) to link with individual file names. The following convention is used: sample_letter_part_differentialstress_rampressure_datatype. Also included are (i) two spreadsheets (.xlsx), one for each sample, containing processing parameters and the mechanical stress and strain at which each volume was scanned, and (ii) zip files containing .csv files containing measurement data for the labelled voids in each volume. N.B. void label numbers are not consistent between volumes so they can only be used to obtain global statistics, not to track individual voids.

In-situ thermal conductivity of unconsolidated sediments
The intrinsic ability of unconsolidated sediment to conduct heat.

Index To Deep Mine Data
High level index to the contents of the boxes of Primary Geological Data resulting from deep underground coal exploration and exploitation in Great Britain donated by the Coal Authority in July 2001. Data for past and current collieries and for future prospects including borehole site plans, borehole logs , analyses and geophysical data etc. This index will diminish in importance as these data are merged with existing collections.

Index To Onshore Borehole Collection.
Index to borehole material held chiefly as continuous drillcore, bulk samples, unwashed cuttings and processed material from onshore UK.

Index To Opencast Coal Data
The Index to the Primary Geological Data resulting from Open Cast Coal exploration. The index lists the content of the boxes of data, including reports, interpretations and records of research in British coalfield areas. The Index lists information on past and current workings and for future prospects. The majority of the collection was deposited with the National Geological Records Centre by the Coal Authority in July 2001, but a small number of BGS records have been added subsequently.

Index To Registered Borehole Specimens (England, Wales And Scotland).
Index of onshore boreholes in England, Wales and Scotland for which BGS holds material either as registered specimens or cuttings. Developed to improve access by BGS staff and external enquirers to the major UK borehole collection.

Index To Site Investigation Reports Collection.
Index to reports of site investigations produced by external organisations carried out for all forms of site investigation. The Oracle index was setup in 1988 and covers the whole of Great Britain, all site investigation reports are indexed but the level of detail in the index for each record may vary. The reports date back to the 1950's and may contain information on boreholes, trial pits, laboratory tests and chemical analyses etc.

Index To Specimens Transferred From The John Smith Collection To The UK (North) Type and Stratigraphical Collection
This index is a list of specimens and slides taken from the John Smith Collection and placed in the Type and Stratigraphical (T&S) Collection of Scotland and Northern England. To some extent it is the digital equivalent to part of the T&S analogue card index which is held in BGS Edinburgh. The data, however, appears to have been derived from the 5 leather bound volumes of the T&S register. The latter are held in BGS Keyworth, but equivalent information (microfilm and paper records) is held in BGS Edinburgh. The MS Access database (BGS_SMITH_GSE) contains 1123 records, it links the T&S register with that of the John Smith Collection (8 bound volumes held at BGS Edinburgh) and provides limited information on taxonomy, nomenclatural status and chronostratigraphy. It also has provision for stating where the specimen is housed. The repository of BGS John Smith specimens is the Edinburgh office.

Index to statutory borehole notifications
Index to the statutory notifications of the intention to drill any boreholes, shafts or wells under the Mining Industry Act 1926 or the Water Resources Act 1991 for Great Britain. Index complete for all notifications since 1952, but record data will vary. Complete and current entries generally accurate to 10 metres . Earlier entries to map sheet level only. Digital capture from October 1988.

Index To The BGS Collection Of Large Scale Geological Field Maps.
Index to manuscript geological maps produced by the Survey geologists or other recognised geologists on County Series (1:10560) and National Grid (1:10560 & 1:10000) Ordnance Survey base maps. The index was set up in 1991. Current holdings for Great Britain are over 35,000. There are entries for all registered maps but the level of detail depends on nature of original Survey, ie not all fields are complete for all entries.

Index To The BGS Collection Of Large Scale Mine Plans & Land Survey Plans.
Index to the BGS collection of large scale or large format plans of all types including those relating to mining activity, including abandonment plans and site investigations. The Plans Database Index was set up c.1983 as a digital index to the collections of Land Survey Plans and Plans of Abandoned Mines. There are entries for all registered plans but not all the index fields are complete, as this depends on the nature of the original plan. The index covers the whole of Great Britain.

Index To The BGS Collections Of Aerial Photographs
Index to various collections of Aerial Photographs purchased or obtained by BGS and its precursors as part of its surveying activities. The index was set up in 2000 and mainly covers Great Britain. The level of spatial detail depends on the flight plans provided, but most are referenced at least to OS quarter sheet level.

Index To The BGS Large Scale Geological Map Collection.
Index to BGS geological map 'Standards', manuscript and published maps for Great Britain produced by the Survey on County Series (1:10560) and National Grid (1:10560 & 1:10000) Ordnance Survey base maps. 'Standards' are the best interpretation of the geology at the time they were produced. The Oracle index was set up in 1988, current holdings are over 41,000 maps. There are entries for all registered maps, but not all fields are complete on all entries.

Index to the BGS technical reports collection
Index to the reports of work carried out by the BGS and its precursors. The index was set up in 1988 and has worldwide coverage. These reports cover a wide range of scientific and technical disciplines and were produced for a variety of purposes. The reports are not published but copies can be provided on demand subject to any restrictions. All registered Technical Reports held in collection are indexed. Start date of digital index circa 1988. Technical reports date from circa 1950 onwards.

Index To The National Geological Records Centre Accessions Collection.
Index to acquisitions and donations of all types of geological record data. This information has been received from a variety of external organisations including public bodies and commercial concerns. The Oracle index was set up in 1988 and holds basic index information about the donor and the donation. The index has been expanded in 2009 to include other sections of BGS and covers all their donations. The majority are from Great Britain.

Index To The National Geological Records Centre Collection Of Geological Archives.
Index, set up in 1998, to the archive collection of reports, notebooks interpretations, plans and other geological or related data received from external organisations that are not part of other collections. These cover a wide variety of different types and ages of information mainly from Great Britain but some related to BGS projects overseas.

Index To The UK (North) Survey Collection Of Fossils.
This dataset is an index of the Survey Collection of fossils for Scotland and Northern England. It is the digital equivalent of the analogue (card) index. The latter contains some 31k records, c.70% of which has been transcribed. The continually growing Survey Collection comprises about 450k samples (including nearly 30k specimens from the John Smith Collection) which are individually registered in c.150 leather bound volumes. The Oracle relational database BGS_FOSSLOC is a first step in ascertaining what registered fossil materials exist for certain areas, who collected them and when, their geographical and stratigraphical details, the type of collection (whether from boreholes or exposures), and any covering technical reports. It is also a pathway to an extensive and unique collection of paper graphic logs, some 18k of which record annotated information on fossil occurrences and assemblages at certain stratigraphical levels (particularly in the Carboniferous) in Scotland and Northern England.

Index to the UK (North) type and stratigraphical collection of fossils
This dataset (GSE_SPECIMENS) is an index of the specimens and palaeontological slides held in the Type and Stratigraphical (T&S) Collection of Scotland and Northern England. This index along with GSE_REFERENCES (List Of Specimens From The UK (North) Type And Stratigraphical Collection And Related Publications) and to some extent SMITH_GSE (Index To Specimens Transferred From The John Smith Collection To The UK (North) Type and Stratigraphical Collection) are the digital equivalents of the analogue card index (held in BGS Edinburgh). The latter contains c.16k records, of which perhaps 25% have been transcribed. The sporadically growing T&S Collection (which is derived from the Survey Collection) comprises some 16k specimens. About 11k are housed at BGS Keyworth and c.5k remain at BGS Edinburgh. The specimens are individually registered in 5 leather bound volumes. These are held in BGS Keyworth, but equivalent information (microfilm and paper records) is held in BGS Edinburgh. For each specimen, the MS Access database MTD_GSE_SPECS provides a link with the Survey Collection, gives nomenclatural, taxonomical, geographical and stratigraphical information, an indication on where the fossil is housed, and any comments, perhaps on the state of preservation.

Index to Waste Disposal Site Records
Oracle index to records of some 3500 waste sites in England and Wales identified by BGS as part of a survey carried out on behalf of the Departement of the Environment in 1973. The index has been corrected and updated to a limited extent, but the data itself has not been changed. The data was collected in 1972 and the information reflects the knowledge at that time. It does not reflect current interpretation. Not all authorities made returns and there are not records for all of the sites listed. However, the data is an invaluable source of information about pre-1974 sites. Information includes site name, location and risks to aquifers. It should be noted that the assessments were carried out when the data was collected and may not reflect current interpretation.

Indicative Atlas of Radon in Great Britain (OGC WxS INSPIRE)
The joint PHE-BGS digital Indicative Atlas of Radon in Great Britain presents an overview of the results of detailed mapping of radon potential, defined as the estimated percentage of homes in an area above the radon Action Level. The Indicative Atlas of Radon in Great Britain presents a simplified version of the Radon Potential Dataset for Great Britain with each 1-km grid square being classed according to the highest radon potential found within it, so is indicative rather than definitive. The joint PHE-BGS digital Radon Potential Dataset for Great Britain provides the current definitive map of radon Affected Areas in Great Britain.

Indicative atlas of radon potential for Great Britain version 2
Radon is a natural radioactive gas, which enters buildings from the ground. The joint Public Health England (PHE) –British Geological Survey (BGS) digital Indicative Atlas of radon in Great Britain presents an overview of the results of detailed mapping of radon potential, defined as the estimated percentage of homes in an area above the radon Action Level. Exposure to high concentrations increases the risk of lung cancer. PHE (formerly the Health Protection Agency (HPA)) recommends that radon levels should be reduced in homes where the annual average is at or above 200 becquerels per cubic metre (200 Bq m-3). This is termed the Action Level. Public Health England defines radon Affected Areas as those with 1% chance or more of a house having a radon concentration at or above the Action Level of 200 Bq m-3. The Indicative Atlas of radon in Great Britain presents a simplified version of the radon potential for Great Britain with each 1-km grid square being classed according to the highest radon potential found within it, so is indicative rather than definitive. The joint PHE-BGS digital radon potential for Great Britain provides the current definitive map of radon Affected Areas in Great Britain. The Indicative Atlas of radon in Great Britain is published in two documents. The area of England and Wales is published in MILES J.C.H, APPLETON J.D, REES D.M, GREEN B.M.R, ADLAM K.A.M and MYERS, A.H., 2007. Indicative Atlas of Radon in England and Wales. ISBN: 978-0-85951-608-2. 29 pp). The corresponding publication for Scotland is MILES J.C.H, APPLETON J.D, REES D.M, ADLAM K.A.M, GREEN B.M.R, and SCHEIB, C., 2011. Indicative Atlas of Radon in Scotland.).

Indicative atlas of radon potential for Great Britain version 3
Radon is a natural radioactive gas, which enters buildings from the ground. The joint UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) (formerly Public Health England (PHE) ) - British Geological Survey (BGS) digital Indicative Atlas of radon in Great Britain presents an overview of the results of detailed mapping of radon potential, defined as the estimated percentage of homes in an area above the radon Action Level. Exposure to high concentrations increases the risk of lung cancer. UKHSA (formerly PHE) recommends that radon levels should be reduced in homes where the annual average is at or above 200 becquerels per cubic metre (200 Bq m-3). This is termed the Action Level. UK Health Security Agency defines radon Affected Areas as those with 1% chance or more of a house having a radon concentration at or above the Action Level of 200 Bq m-3. The Indicative Atlas of radon in Great Britain presents a simplified version of the radon potential for Great Britain with each 1-km grid square being classed according to the highest radon potential found within it, so is indicative rather than definitive. The joint UKHSA-BGS digital radon potential for Great Britain provides the current definitive map of radon Affected Areas in Great Britain.

Indium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Indio (In), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Indium mineralisation in SW England: Host parageneses and mineralogical relations NERC grant NE/L001896/1
Publication and associated data from NERC Grant - NE/L001896/1. Published Paper, Andersen J, Stickland RJ, Rollinson GK, Shail RK. (2016) Indium mineralisation in SW England: Host parageneses and mineralogical relations. Ore Geology Reviews, volume 78, pages 213-238, DOI:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2016.02.019.

Indoor particulate matter study (PM10, PM2.5, vacuum dust) at residential homes in North-East England using a citizen-led sampling approach (NERC Grant NE/T004401/1)
A dataset of airborne particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) readings (every 3 minutes) collected by participating households in Northeast England in their kitchens and living rooms over the course of one week, along with data from a linked questionnaire survey and metal(oid)s data from a corresponding household vacuum dust sample collected by the study participant. Matched air monitoring and dust sample collection took place between June 2020 and August 2021. We increasingly spend time indoors and household air pollution results in an estimated 4.25 million premature deaths globally each year. The majority of these deaths are associated with fine particulate matter (PM), or dust. Exposure to PM can initiate or enhance disease in humans, yet the nature of the hazard that house dust presents remains poorly characterized. The data was collected to provide concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 in a range of Northeast England households and concentrations of metal(oid)s in their house dust. It will be of interest to those interested in human exposure to potentially toxic elements and environmental health. We used factory calibrated Aeroqual 500 units for PM monitoring. Metal(oid)s data were generated using a SPECTROSCOUT X-Ray fluorescence spectrometer on the <250um sieved fraction of household vacuum dust. This dataset was part of NERC Grant NE/T004401/1.

Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) data, part of a suite of 51 elements using aqua regia ICP-MS techniques at ALS Minerals (Ireland) (NERC grant NE/L001764/1)
Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry data, part of a suite of 51 elements using aqua regia ICP-MS techniques at ALS Minerals (Ireland).

Industrial minerals resources map of Britain
The map show the broad distribution of the industrial, including construction, mineral resources of Britain and the main sites where these are worked. Over extensive areas bedrock is covered by superficial deposits, including economically important sand and gravel resources. These superficial deposits are not shown on the map. Resources have been defined by dominant lithology (rock type). The map is a synthesis of the mineral resources and mineral working data held by the BGS in 1996. The published (paper) map has not been superseded however the digital mineral resources and mineral workings data has since been superseded. The map is logically consistent throughout.

Infiltration SuDS Map (Sustainable Drainage Systems)
This national dataset brings together sixteen national datasets to create a GIS product that provides the information necessary to determine the extent to which the ground is suitable for infiltration sustainable drainage systems (SuDS). It includes derivations of the following datasets: soluble rocks, landslide hazards, groundwater flooding susceptibility, made ground, shallow mining hazards, geological indicators of flooding, depth to water table, superficial thickness, compressible ground, collapsible ground, swelling clays, running sands, predominant flow mechanism, permeability indices and the Environment Agencys source protection zone dataset. All datasets have been reclassified and reattributed (with text descriptions and a score field indicating the suitability of the ground for infiltration) and feature in the end product both as single entities, but also in derived 'screening' maps that combine numerous datasets.

Infrastructure (point data)
Infrastructure in the North Sea region. Data originate from the national repositories of UK, Norway, Germany, The Netherlands and Denmark

Inherent tracer of captured CO2 presentations
A selection of abstracts and posters presented at international conferences as part of EPSRC Grant #EP/K036033/1.

Inherent tracers in captured CO2
This Microsoft Excel document contains 8 worksheets providing data produced by research as part of EPSRC Grant #EP/K036033/1. These data are presented and discussed in the manuscript "The Inherent Tracer Fingerprint of Captured CO2." by Flude, S. Györe, D., Stuart, F.M., Zurakowska, M., Boyce, A.J., Haszeldine, S., Chalaturnyk, R., and Gilfillan, S. M. V. (Currently under review at IJGGC). Data include samples collected, gas concentrations, stable isotope data and noble gas data. This data relates to publication https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2017.08.010.

Initiation files for Fluidity numerical modelling code, used in the paper Suchoy et al., 2020 (NERC Grant NE/K010743/1)
Initiation files for 2D numerical models for Fluidity code. The models simulate subduction of an oceanic plate under various conditions described in Suchoy et al., 2020. The models use temperature, pressure and strain-rate dependent composite rheology, which generates different regions without prescribing material fields. The models are similar in nature to other geodynamic models (e.g. Billen and Arredondo, 2018) and can be used for further investigation of subduction dynamics, and to reproduce the results presented in Suchoy et al., 2020. For further enquiries regarding these models please contact Lior Suchoy (Imperial College London), Saskia Goes (Imperial College London) or Rhodri Davies (Australia National University).

Injection Beamtime, mechanical data (NERC grant NE/M001458/1)
The mechanical data (confining and injection pressures) recorded during Vickers indentation experiments on samples of shale materials. These experiments were conducted on the I12 beamline, Diamond Light Source, Harwell as part of beamtime EE17606-1 between 31/01/18 and 05/02/18.

Inorganic and tracer data for groundwaters collected in Nigeria and Mali in 2010 as part of a project to look at residence times of shallow groundwater in West Africa and to assess the implications for hydrogeology and resilience to climate change.
The data includes field chemistry, major and minor ions (ICP-MS and IC), nutrients (DOC), and tracers (Tritium, CFCs, SF6, δ18O, δ2H, δ13CDIC) collected in Nigeria and Mali in 2010. There is a brief description of the source, depth and completion date of the borehole, type of pump, estimated village population and estimated rainfall. Work funded by UK Department for International Development.

Input parameters for ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of water at non-ambient pressure and temperature using the CP2K code
This deposit consists of a readme file, which describes the file 'simulationinput.in'. This is a simple text file that contains the information necessary to run any of the ab initio molecular dynamics computer simulations described in the paper that links to this deposit, using the CP2K software package. CP2K is open source. Paper in press: Mineral–water reactions in Earth’s mantle: predictions from Born theory and ab initio molecular dynamics, Fowler, S. J. and Sherman, D. M. and Brodholt, J. P. and Sherman, D. M. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta.

Input, output files and source code for the study of subsurface energy balance for a vertical geothermal Ground-Source Heat Exchanger in Scotland (NERC Grant NE/S007407/1)
The dataset consists of a series of input and output files for the 1D and 3D numerical models used to demonstrate the impact of heat mining for a 100-m long vertical Borehole Heat Exchanger (BHE) in Scotland, assuming a constant or fluctuating surface heat flux. Simulations for a constant heat extraction from the BHE were performed using an updated version of the open-source OpenGeoSys finite-element modelling software ( https://www.opengeosys.org/) made available in this repository. This updated version allows for calculation of the energy change in each material group in the models, as part of the HEAT_TRANSPORT process. For each model, the input files include the mesh file (MSH), the Boundary conditions (BC), geometry (GLI), Initial conditions (IC), Fluid properties (MFP), Medium properties (MMP), Material solid properties (MSP), Numerical parameters (NUM), Ouput parameters (OUT), Process (PCS), Reference (RFD), Source-term (ST) and Time (TIM) files. The output files consists of temperature time-series, 1D and 2D temperature profiles extracted from the models domain at different time steps (i.e. Tecplot output files) and of a text file indicating the energy content of each material group at each time step.

InSAR ground motion data between 2015 and 2017 over UKGEOS - Glasgow
The data represent ground motion results obtained from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) for the UKGEOS – Glasgow site. The InSAR techniques used is called Interferometric Point Target Analysis (IPTA) and the BGS processing is based on Sentinel-1 radar satellite data for the period August 2015 - June 2017. The results include time series of displacement (in mm) during this interval and average velocity across the whole period (in mm/yr) along the satellite Line of Sight (Hanssen, 2001). InSAR has provided information on the baseline conditions of ground stability ahead of any underground activity planned in at the Glasgow Geothermal Energy Research Field Site (GGERFS) as described in Bateson and Novellino (2019). References: Bateson, L.; Novellino, A.. 2019 Glasgow Geothermal Energy Research Field Site : ground motion survey report. Nottingham, UK, British Geological Survey, 35pp. (OR/18/054) (Unpublished). Available at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/524555/ Hanssen, R., 2001. Radar Interferometry: Dordrecht Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands (2001) (308 pp.)

INSPIRE Annex III, Area management/restriction/regulation zones and reporting units - MBFH, Hungary
Prospecting and Mining Permit Areas in Hungary. Dataset is generated from the archives of the Hungarian Office for Mining and Geology (MBFH), Hungary

INSPIRE Annex III, Mineral Resources / Mine - MBFH, Hungary
Mines in Hungary. Dataset is generated from the archives of the Hungarian Office for Mining and Geology (MBFH), Hungary

INSPIRE Annex III, Mineral Resources / Mineral occurrence - MBFH, Hungary
Mineral occurrences in Hungary. Dataset is generated from the archives of the Hungarian Office for Mining and Geology (MBFH), Hungary

INSPIRE Darstellungsdienst Mineralvorkommen und Rohstoffe in Österreich
INSPIRE Darstellungsdienst für Mineralvorkommen und Rohstoffe in Österreich - Punkte und Informationen zu den Vorkommen und Lagerstätten von Erzen, Industriemineralen und Energierohstoffen in Österreich.

INSPIRE Download Services (WFS 2.0), Hungarian Office for Mining and Geology (MBFH)
WFS 2.0 Service for the INSPIRE Mineral Resources theme. Supported layers: Mine, MineralOccurrence, MappedFeature. Output is generated online by the ALFA XML Document Service from the mining registry of MBFH (BATER)

INSPIRE Downloaddienst der GeoSphere Austria
INSPIRE Downloaddienst der GeoSphere Austria für ANNEX II und ANNEX III Themen

INSPIRE Mineralvorkommen und Rohstoffe in Österreich
Der Datensatz ist ein Auszug aus IRIS (Interaktives Rohstoff-Informationssystem) und beinhaltet Punkte und Informationen zu den Vorkommen und Lagerstätten von Erzen, Industriemineralen und Energierohstoffen in Österreich.

INSPIRE View Services of the Hungarian Office for Mining and Geology (MBFH)
View Services for the INSPIRE Annex III data themes. Service is Conformant with Technical Guidance for INSPIRE View Services 3.0.

INSPIRE: EMODnet-DE - Offshore Geology - Quaternary (EMODnet-DE Quaternary)
Compilation of the European Quaternary marine geology (section of Germany). The map consists of data at highest available spatial resolution, map scale („multi-resolution“-concept) and data completeness vary depending on the project partner (as of 2019 April). Project partners are the national geological services of the participating countries. According to the Data Specification on Geology (D2.8.II.4_v3.0) the content of the geological map is stored in a INSPIRE-compliant GML file: EMODnet-DE_Quaternary_GeologicUnit.gml contains the geologic units. The GML file together with a Readme.txt file are provided in ZIP format (EMODnet-DE_Quaternary-INSPIRE.zip). The Readme.text file (German/English) contains detailed information on the GML file content. Data transformation was proceeded by using the INSPIRE Solution Pack for FME according to the INSPIRE requirements.

INSPIRE: EMODnet-DE - Offshore Geology - Quaternary (EMODnet-DE Quaternary) (WMS)
Compilation of the European Quaternary marine geology (section of Germany). The original map consists of data at highest available spatial resolution, map scale („multi-resolution“-concept) and data completeness vary depending on the project partner (as of 2019 April). Project partners are the national geological services of the participating countries. According to the Data Specification on Geology (D2.8.II.4_v3.0) the geological map (section of Germany) provides INSPIRE-compliant data. The WMS EMODnet-DE Quaternary (INSPIRE) contains layers of the geologic units (GE.GeologicUnit) displayed correspondingly to the INSPIRE portrayal rules. The geologic units are represented graphically by stratigraphy (GE.GeologicUnit.AgeOfRocks) and lithology (GE.GeologicUnit.Lithology). The portrayal of the lithology is defined by the first named rock. Via the getFeatureInfo request the user obtains detailed information on the lithology, stratigraphy (age) and genesis (event environment and event process).

INSPIRE: Geological Map of Germany 1:1,000,000 (GK1000)
The GK1000 (INSPIRE) represents the surface geology of Germany and adjacent areas on a scale of 1:1,000,000. According to the Data Specification on Geology (D2.8.II.4_v3.0) the content of the geological map is stored in three INSPIRE-compliant GML files: GK1000_GeologicUnit.gml contains the geologic units, GK1000_GeologicStructure.gml comprises the faults and GK1000_NaturalGeomorphologicFeature.gml represents the marginal position of the ice shield. The GML files together with a Readme.txt file are provided in ZIP format (GK1000-INSPIRE.zip). The Readme.text file (German/English) contains detailed information on the GML files content. Data transformation was proceeded by using the INSPIRE Solution Pack for FME according to the INSPIRE requirements.

INSPIRE: Geological Map of Germany 1:1,000,000 (WMS)
The WMS GK1000 (INSPIRE) represents the surface geology of Germany and adjacent areas on a scale of 1:1,000,000. According to the Data Specification on Geology (D2.8.II.4_v3.0) the geological map provides INSPIRE-compliant data. The WMS GK1000 (INSPIRE) contains layers of the geologic units (GE.GeologicUnit), faults (GE.GeologicFault) and marginal position of the ice shield (GE. NaturalGeomorphologicFeature) displayed correspondingly to the INSPIRE portrayal rules. The geologic units are represented graphically by stratigraphy (GE.GeologicUnit.AgeOfRocks) and lithology (GE.GeologicUnit.Lithology). For different geochronologic minimum and maximum ages, e.g. Carboniferous - Permian, the portrayal is defined by the color of the geochronologic minimum age (olderNamedAge). The portrayal of the lithology is defined by the rock or rock group representing the main part of the lithological composition of the geologic unit. In case of the geologic units the user obtains detailed information via the getFeatureInfo request on the lithology, stratigraphy (age) and genesis (event environment and event process).

International Geomagnetic Reference Field
The IGRF is a global model of the geomagnetic field. It allows spot values of the geomagnetic field vector to be calculated anywhere from the Earth's core out into space. The IGRF is generally revised every five years by a group of modellers associated with the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA).

International hydrogeological map of Europe 1:1,500,000 (IHME1500)
The IHME1500 v1.2 is a vector dataset resulting from the digitisation of the 25 published map sheets of the International Hydrogeological Map of Europe at the of scale 1:1,500,000 (IHME1500). The dataset was extended for five unpublished, digitised IHME1500 map sheets to achieve full map coverage. It consists of selected features of the IHME1500 with the following content: - Aquifer types (area): Distinction of six types of aquifers according to their productivity and void types. - Lithology (area): Lithological classification of the aquifers at five aggregation levels. - Seawater intrusion (area): Areas with salination of groundwater caused by sea water intrusion. - Tectonic fractures (line): Geological lineaments assigned to the five classes of known or supposed faults or overthrusts and boundaries of fractured belts in Iceland. The IHME1500 v1.2 includes a correction of inconsistencies of the printed map sheets and was spatially adjusted to an up-to-date topographic base. The IHME1500 is a hydrogeological map series consisting of 25 published map sheets with explanatory notes that covers the European continent and parts of the Near East. The Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) are the project coordinators, supported by the International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH) and the Commission for the Geological Map of the World (CGMW). Each sheet consists of contributions by the respective countries represented in the map, which were harmonised across borders. The map series including the explanatory notes can be used for scientific purposes, for large-scale regional planning and as a framework for detailed hydrogeological mapping.

International Hydrogeological Map of Europe 1:1,500,000 (IHME1500) (WMS)
The IHME1500 v1.2 is a vector dataset resulting from the digitisation of the 25 published map sheets of the International Hydrogeological Map of Europe at the of scale 1:1,500,000 (IHME1500). The dataset was extended for five unpublished, digitised IHME1500 map sheets to achieve full map coverage. It consists of selected features of the IHME1500 with the following content: - Aquifer types (area): Distinction of six types of aquifers according to their productivity and void types. - Lithology (area): Lithological classification of the aquifers at five aggregation levels. - Seawater intrusion (area): Areas with salination of groundwater caused by sea water intrusion. - Tectonic fractures (line): Geological lineaments assigned to the five classes of known or supposed faults or overthrusts and boundaries of fractured belts in Iceland. The IHME1500 v1.2 includes a correction of inconsistencies of the printed map sheets and was spatially adjusted to an up-to-date topographic base. The IHME1500 is a hydrogeological map series consisting of 25 published map sheets with explanatory notes that covers the European continent and parts of the Near East. The Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) are the project coordinators, supported by the International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH) and the Commission for the Geological Map of the World (CGMW). Each sheet consists of contributions by the respective countries represented in the map, which were harmonised across borders. The map series including the explanatory notes can be used for scientific purposes, for large-scale regional planning and as a framework for detailed hydrogeological mapping.

International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 363, planktonic foraminifera range chart data (NERC grant NE/P016642/1)
International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 363, planktonic foraminifera range chart data Planktonic foraminifera range charts indicating: Column A: Sample ID Columns B and C: sample interval Columns D and E: top and bottom sample depth Column F: Zone (Wade et al., 2011) [W11] Column G: Zone name

International Regional Geochemistry
A collection of regional geochemical data, mainly from stream sediment surveys, gathered from many BGS overseas projects since 1960s. Some areas are well covered and well documented with data available digitally on CD-ROM. Projects from 1960s and 1970s generally have no digital data and information exists only in paper form.

Interpreted Seismic And Well Data.
This dataset represents a project-based collection of seismic interpretations of 2D and 3D commercial seismic reflection data. These data are integrated in a relational database in ORACLE in a data model called OpenWorks. Well log data, stratigraphic, velocity and well and seismic location data are also held in the database. Data interpretations are held within project indices by interpreter. Interpretations include faults and lithostratigraphic horizons. All data are commercial-in-confidence and cannot be supplied to any third party without the explicit permission of the customer or supplier.

Interval thermal conductivity measurements (TRT)
Measured effective average interval thermal conductivity also accounting for advective heat transport caused by groundwater. The data is obtained from Thermal Response Tests.

Interview data to assess BRAVE project impact (NERC Grant NE/M008983/1)
This set of data is the second set of impact interviews conducted with the target communities of the BRAVE project. The interviews are transcriptions in Microsoft word. The communities involved in the data collection were from Tomo and Poa in Burkina Faso and Jawani and Tariganga in Ghana. There are 32 interviews from Burkinabe community members, and 23 from the Ghanaian communities. Individuals were selected based on their participation in the BRAVE field activity of the Farmer Voice Radio. The data was collected between October 2019 and February 2020 by the local researchers. This data methodology was built on the initial vulnerability assessments, and include questions around behaviour change and income change based on the BRAVE communities activities of ground water measurement and water management strategies. This data shows behaviour and livelihood change within the communities and due to these activities. This is final qualitative impacts dataset from the BRAVE project. Previous linked data sets include the baseline vulnerability assessments and the first round of impact interviews. BRAVE: Building understanding of climate variability into planning of groundwater supplies from low storage aquifers in Africa BRAVE is a ‘Consortium’ research project is part of the UPGro (Unlocking the Potential of Groundwater for the Poor) programme.

Intra-crystalline protein degradation dating of proboscidean enamel from the UK (NERC Grant NE/K500987/1)
The concentration of both L and D amino acid isomers was determined by HPLC (High-performance liquid chromatography) for multiple amino acids. 30 samples of proboscidean enamel were taken from the collections at BGS. Samples of enamel (~30 mg) was removed from the teeth of proboscideans using a small electric drill. All of the samples were from UK sites dating to the Quaternary. These samples were used to build a regional geochronology based on the extent of racemisation of amino acids from the intra-crystalline fraction (Dickinson, 2018). Thesis http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/22261. A published paper 'A new method for enamel amino acid racemization dating: A closed system approach' is also available; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2018.11.005

Inventory of mine workings
WMS service contains information on individual underground mine workings. According to Section 8, §10 of the Law No. 61/1988 Coll. on mining operations, explosives and State Mining Administration, as amended, this includes all mine workings with an end open to the earth’s surface and development workings that open a reserved deposit or its integrated part.

Inventory of mine workings
The database contains information on individual underground mine workings. According to Section 8, §10 of the Law No. 61/1988 Coll. on mining operations, explosives and State Mining Administration, as amended, this includes all mine workings with an end open to the earth’s surface and development workings that open a reserved deposit or its integrated part.

Inventory of mine workings
Open dataset contains data on underground mine workings and on reported impacts of mine workings over the territory of the Czech Republic. Attributes include detailed information about each object, e.g. the exact location, topographical situation, proprietary relation, technical data, the current state of these workings, their hazardousness and possible security measures. There are also links to the signatures of source reports stored in the CGS Geofond archive and to the digital documentation in *.jpg format - e.g. photograph, map cut-out, drawing.

WFS service contains information on individual underground mine workings. According to Section 8, §10 of the Law No. 61/1988 Coll. on mining operations, explosives and State Mining Administration, as amended, this includes all mine workings with an end open to the earth’s surface and development workings that open a reserved deposit or its integrated part.

Investigating Geophysical Unrest at Sierra Negra (NERC Grant NE/S002685/1)
The Investigating Geophysical Unrest at Sierra NegrA (IGUANA) experiment was designed to monitor seismic activity associated with magmatic unrest at Sierra Negra volcano, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. In late 2017, it was apparent that Sierra Negra was likely approaching a new eruption, and that the volcanic edifice was critically stressed. The experiment captured seismic broadband data during the final approach to eruption, the eruption onset on 26 June 2018, and co-eruptive deflation.

IODP Exp 346: Onset and Evolution of Millennial-scale variability of the Asian monsoon (NERC Grant NE/L002655/1)
This award was made as a sailing participant of IODP Expedition 346, an international ocean drilling programme that NERC subscribe to. As such there was a lot of data generated that is owned and kept by IODP and which is freely available at: web.iodp.tamu.edu/UWQ/. Published Paper: Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 346 Scientific Prospectus - Asian Monsoon Onset and evolution of millennial-scale variability of Asian monsoon and its possible relation with Himalaya and Tibetan Plateau uplift. doi:10.2204/iodp.sp.346.2013

IODP exp 366 sample description, bulk rock and in situ geochemical analyses (NERC grant NE/P020860/1)
The data include:- sample description file: sample full names, site, hole, depth etc., a quick petrographic description of the sample and the embedding serpentinite mud, and information regarding sample selection for bulk rock chemistry - microprobe analyses of selected samples - bulk rock major and trace elements from 2 labs (SARM, Nancy and VUB, Brussels) - Oxygen Isotopes of both pore fluids and rock samples with estimated temperature equilibrium

IODP Exp. 353 Site U1446 Indian Summer Monsoon proxies across Termination II (NERC grant NE/L002493/1)
Data collected from IODP Expedition 353, Site U1446. Data represent ISM derived rainfall and runoff proxies across Termination II. Mid-depth on CCSFA scale. Two age columns derived from age models based on LR04 benthic oxygen isotope record and AICC2012 chronology. Sheet 2 include Globigerinoides ruber sensu-stricto oxygen isotope data, Mg/Ca, Mn/Ca, U/Ca and Nd/Ca Sheet 3 include discrete portable X-Ray Fluorescence data for Ti, Al, K and Rb.

IODP Expedition 352 (Bonin Forearc) Pb isotope data (NERC grant NE/M012034/1)
We provide here Pb isotope data for the basement rocks cored during IODP Expedition 352 (Bonin Forearc). The data are reported as 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb and 208Pb/204Pb ratios together with their errors. The overall accuracy of the data was determined using international standard NBS SRM 981. Values for this standard achieved during the measurement period were 206Pb/204Pb = 16.9404 ±32,207Pb/204Pb = 15.4969 ±32, 208Pb/204Pb = 36.7149 ±90 (2sd; n=44). The data are separated into four parts one for each drill site that cored basement. Sites 1440B and 1441A both sampled a basalt type known as FAB (Forearc Basalts), whereas Sites 1439C and 1442A both sampled boninites (Mg-rich andesites). Both rock types are typical of the forearc setting and contain information needed to understand the process of subduction initiation. A summary of the Expedition, and hence the petrography and setting of the samples as well as the various scientific objectives for the project to which these analyses contribute) may be found in: Reagan, M.K., Pearce, J.A., and Petronotis, K., Expedition Scientists, 2015, Izu-Bonin-Mariana Fore Arc: Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 352. International Ocean Discovery Program, http://dx.doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.352.2015.

IODP Expedition 362 Sumatra Seismogenesis, Co-Chief activities and deformation structures of the subducting oceanic plate, fault and stratigraphic data from seismic reflection data interpretation (NERC Grant NE/P012817/1)
Interpretations of fault positions, geometries and displacements, and seismic stratigraphic horizons. These are provided in the form of Seismic fault and horizon data as ‘Charisma fault sticks’ and ‘Charisma 2D interpretation lines’ ASCII files, respectively, exported from Petrel 2019. Additional CSV and XLSX files containing the compiled coordinate data are included. A readme file is also included explaining the contents of the different files and folders. Interpretations are from seismic profiles of the input oceanic plate section to the North Sumatra subduction zone. Results are published in: Stevens, D.E., McNeill, L.C., Henstock, T.J., Delescluse, M., Chamot-Rooke, N., Bull, J.M., 2020, Intraplate deformation offshore North Sumatra: New Insights from integration of IODP Expedition 362 results with seismic data. EPSL, 538, 116218.

IODP Expedition 375 Site U1520 Unit IV fault and stylolite frequency and texture observations (NERC grant NE/S002731/1)
Data are either (1) depths and spacings between stylolites and faults within Unit IV, (2) images from IODP drill core image logs of the locations of samples observed, (3) photomicrographs and flatbed thin section scans of thin sections cut from samples, (4) SEM BSE or EDS data collected at Cardiff University. These data form the basis of: Leah et al. "Brittle-ductile strain localisation and weakening in pelagic sediments seaward of the Hikurangi margin, New Zealand", Tectonics, Submitted. Images and data from samples collected at IODP Expedition 375 Site U1520 (38°58.1532'S, 179°7.9112'E, 3522.1 mbsl). This is just seaward (east) of the trench of the Hikurangi Margin, New Zealand.

IODP Site U1445 benthic stable isotope data Plio-Pleistocene (NERC grant NE/N012100/1)
Benthic stable isotope (carbon and oxygen) data from IODP Site U1445. Generated by Yasmin Bokhari-Friberg, supervisied by Kate Littler and Pallavi Anand.

IODP Survey of the "Shackleton sites" on the Southwest Iberian Margin NERC grant NE/J00653X/1
Advances in our understanding of the Earth's climate system will rely on our ability to link high-resolution sedimentary archives from the oceans, ice-cores and terrestrial sequences, and to interpret these records in the context of novel Earth system modeling approaches. Few places exist in the world where sufficiently detailed and unambiguous marine-ice-terrestrial linkages are possible. One challenge for IODP, and the broader drilling community in general, is to identify and recover marine, ice and terrestrial sequences from appropriate locations and with adequate temporal resolution to study processes of the integrated climate system. One such region is the southwest Iberian Margin where it has been demonstrated that the surface oxygen isotopic record could be correlated precisely to temperature variations (i.e., d18O) in Greenland ice cores. By comparison, the benthic d18O signal in the same core resembled the temperature record from Antarctica. Moreover, the narrow continental shelf and proximity of the Tagus River results in the rapid delivery of terrestrial material to the deep-sea environment off Portugal, thereby providing a record of atmospheric changes and permitting correlation of marine and ice core records to European terrestrial sequences. This is the only place in the ocean where such marine-ice-terrestrial correlations have been demonstrated unambiguously. It is therefore highly desirable to extend the Iberian Margin record to encompass the full range of Plio-Pleistocene glacial-interglacial cycles by drilling with the JOIDES Resolution (JR). Towards this end, Proposal 771-Full was submitted to IODP by an international group of 16 proponents led by the UK. The proposal was well received and reviewed by the Science Steering and Evaluation Panel (SSEP), but the IODP Site Survey Panel (SSP) identified major inadequacies in the quality of the seismic data: "The panel raised several concerns on the suitability of the submitted data with regard to its appropriateness, both to image the target properly and with regard to the site location. The panel also discussed the need for 2 high-resolution lines and considered that places where Mass Transport Deposits (MTDs) or closely spaced faults were present deserved these 2 high-resolution lines." This proposal requests 25 days of ship time to collect the necessary seismic and sediment data needed to meet the SSP requirements and recommendations. Several "stand-alone" scientific objectives are also proposed related to the modern hydrography and sedimentary processes on the southwest Iberian Margin, and calibration of palaeoceanographic proxies used for reconstructing past changes in deep-water circulation. This value-added science will make effective use of ship time and contribute key information needed to interpret the downcore records to be obtained by IODP.

Ion probe Si and O zircon data (and standard characterisation) (NERC grant NE/R002134/1)
Provided here are in-situ Si and O isotope compositions of Detrital Jack Hills and Lachlan Fold Belt zircons. These data formed the basis of the research published as: Origin and significance of Si and O isotope heterogeneities in Phanerozoic, Archean, and Hadean zircon, Trail et al., (2018), PNAS 115 (41), 10287-10292 The data are provided in a single Excel spreadsheet, with multiple tabs, which are as follows: 1. Sample description and analytical method summaries 2. Solution and laser-fluorination data for characterisation of the standards used in the Ion Probe measurement sessions 3. Ion Probe (In-situ) Si and O isotope data for the Lachlan Fold Belt and Duluth Gabbro zircons 4. Ion Probe (In-situ) Si and O isotope data for the detrital Jack Hills zircons, as well as 207Pb/206Pb age estimates 5. Raw Ion Probe Si and O isotope data for LFB samples 6. Raw Ion Probe Si and O isotope data for Jack Hills samples 7. Ion Probe (In-situ) Si isotope data for the Lachlan Fold Belt zircons (utilising O- hyperion source)

Irish Minerals4EU INSPIRE dataset (WFS 2.0) - M4EU Harmonized
Irish Minerals4EU INSPIRE Download Services (WFS 2.0) - M4EU harmonised service contains significant mineral occurrences from Ireland

Irish Sea Mud Patch Depth Cores Ion Torrent FASTQ Data (NERC Grant NE/L000326/1)
Two sediment depth cores were collected from a mud sediment patch at the sea floor of the Irish Sea. Cores were collected by the University of Manchester. Cores were sliced at 1 cm intervals from 0 - 10 cm, and at 2 cm intervals thereafter. Slicing was performed in an anaerobic bag. Samples were transferred to Newcastle University for DNA extraction. A total of 21 samples were extracted for core 1, and 23 samples extracted for core 2.

WMS and WFS service of GSI 1:1M OneGeology-Europe datasets

Iron isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Hierro (Fe), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Isotope analysis data from NERC grant "The Processes that Shape the Continental Record" NERC grant NE/J021822/1
Isotope analysis data. Project details: The continental crust is our only archive of Earth history; not just of the crust itself but of the hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere, and of the deep Earth through its interactions with the crust. This archive, like the rock record itself, is incomplete and much effort is focused on interrogating the crust to gain a clearer and more complete picture of Earth history. The continental rock record is episodic with, for example, ages of igneous crystallization, metamorphism, continental margins, and seawater and atmospheric proxies distributed about a series of peaks and troughs that in part correspond with the cycle of supercontinent assembly and dispersal. At the core of the debate is what these well-established peaks of ages in the geological record represent and how they develop. The peaks of ages correspond with periods of global assembly of continents to form supercontinents. The project will address whether the peaks of ages are primary features associated with supercontinent assembly or break up, or they are they secondary features representing greater preservation potential at the times of supercontinent assembly. Our work will focus on the Rodinian supercontinent cycle, which extends from initiation of convergent plate interaction around 1.7 Ga, to continental collision at 1.1-1.0 Ga during the Grenville orogeny, to final breakup of the supercontinent by 0.54 Ga. Detrital zircons from sedimentary units throughout the supercontinent cycle provide a record of the magmatic activity for which the igneous rocks are often no longer preserved. We will determine (i) the ages ranges of magmatic activity preserved in the sedimentary rocks in the 600 Ma pre-collision phase, and (ii) how and when the distinctive Grenville peak of ages developed by comparing the zircon record from samples pre-, syn- and post- Rodinian supercontinent assembly with estimated volumes of magma and numbers of zircons produced during the same interval. This will differentiate primary generation processes from secondary processes, constraining when the dominant age peak developed, the tectonic processes that operated, and hence the method by which it developed. The wider implications of when the continental crust formed are considerable. Studies of continental growth continue to uncritically assume that the geological and isotopic record provide insight into processes of crust formation. Until it can be established whether the record is the outcome of generational or preservational processes, or a combination of both, then drawing conclusions on this fundamental question in the Earth Sciences are premature. If the record is a preservational record then this impacts on understanding continental growth through time and on secondary questions of how the crustal record is used to unravel the temporal evolution of the hydrosphere and biosphere, and the distribution of mineral deposits.

Isotope compositions in a natural gas seep, French Alps
The Fontaine Ardente (FA) and Rochasson (ROC) natural gas seepage sites are located southwest (FA) and east (ROC) of Grenoble, France. For both field sites, gas is thought to originate from buried Middle Jurassic mudstones and argillaceous limestones and thought to migrate upward along small faults. At FA, the site located along a small seepage close to the river bed of a small creek. The gas seepage site at ROC is located along the flank of a thalweg and is linked to a small landslide in clayey horizons. New methane clumped isotope data is correlated to previously published data by Gal et al (2017) and recent isotopic data acquired within SECURe deliverable 3.4. During October 2019, 5 samples were collected from the FA and ROC sites and the following analyses were conducted: - Gas composition (C1-C5, CO2, N2, H2S, Ar) and and stable isotope analyses (methane δ13C and δD, CO2 δ13C, δ15N) - Methane clumped isotope analyses (Δ13CD and ΔDD) The dataset was created within SECURe project (Subsurface Evaluation of CCS and Unconventional Risks) - https://www.securegeoenergy.eu/. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 764531

Isotope compositions in a network of groundwater wells impaired by an underground blowout
During the drilling of an exploration well in the 1960s, an underground blowout occurred near Sleen, The Netherlands. During approximately 25 months, near-continuous leakage of large amounts of natural gas was released into the subsurface. After the blowout, the local drinking water production company installed a network of groundwater monitoring wells to monitor for possible adverse effects on groundwater quality at the blowout site. Today, more than 50 years after the blowout, the groundwater is still impaired. Data has been correlated with previously published data by Schout et al. (2018) covering description of geology and well depths. During two fieldtrips (November 2019 & October 2020) water samples were collected from several wells covering: - Bulk gas compositions (methane, ethane, propane, oxygen, nitrogen, CO2, Argon). Bulk isotope compositions of methane (δ13C & δH), carbon dioxide (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N). - Methane clumped isotope compositions (ΔCD & ΔDD). - Inorganic parameters (hydrocarbons, anions, cations, DOC, alkalinity, nitrate and ammonium). The dataset was created within SECURe project (Subsurface Evaluation of CCS and Unconventional Risks) - https://www.securegeoenergy.eu/. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 764531.

Isotope compositions of a gas storage site Poland
The Borzęcin natural gas reservoir has been producing gas since the 1970s. The natural gas reservoir is located in the Zielona Góra basin, in the Polish part of the European Permian Basin. The reservoir is within the Rotligend sandstones and Zechstein carbonates and is capped by the Zechstein evaporites. Gas generation is proposed to be from the Carboniferous organic deposits with later migration into the Permian In May 2019, 2 wells at the Borcezin site were sampled for methane gas analyses. The following analyses were conducted: - Gas composition (C1-C5, CO2, N2, H2S, Ar) and and stable isotope analyses (methane δ13C and δD, CO2 δ13C, δ15N) - Methane clumped isotope analyses (Δ13CD and ΔDD) The dataset was created within SECURe project (Subsurface Evaluation of CCS and Unconventional Risks) - https://www.securegeoenergy.eu/. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 764531

Isotope ratio measurements of the AMES Ce (cerium) standard (Willbold, 2007) (NERC Grant NE/J018031/1)
The dataset consists of a table of 64 isotope ratio measurements of the AMES Ce standard (Willbold, 2007). The data was collected at Imperial College, London between April 2013 and March 2014 using a ThermoScientific Triton thermal-ionisation mass spectrometer following the technique described in Willbold, Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 2007. The data is used to assess the reproducibility and accuracy of the mass spectrometric setup available at the time. Reference: Willbold, M., 2007. Determination of Ce isotopes by TIMS and MC-ICPMS and initiation of a new, homogeneous Ce isotopic reference material. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 22: 1364-1372 https://doi.org/10.1039/B705306A

Isotopic geochemical analysis of volcanic samples from across Ethiopia (NERC grant NE/L013932/1)
Isotopic geochemical analysis of volcanic samples from across Ethiopia. Data are referenced in Hutchison et al., 2018: The evolution of magma during continental rifting: New constraints from the isotopic and trace element signatures of silicic magmas from Ethiopian volcanoes; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2018.02.027

Isotopic stratigraphy, planktonic foraminifera fauna and taphonomic evidence for IODP Site 1436C and 1347B subtropical NW Pacific over the last 1Ma (NERC grant NE/M005178/1)
This dataset contains the low-resolution isotopic data (O & C) covering the last 1Ma, which is used to establish a more precise glacial-interglacial stratigraphy than the shipboard bio/paleomagneto stratigraphy for 2 NW Pacific Sites (IODP EXP350 1436C and 1437B) both were recovered at intermediate depths. The planktonic foraminifera census counts are used to assess the changes in surface water in the area affected by the Kuroshio Current. They are also used in concert with other sedimentological, micropaleontological or taphonomical evidences to estimate the changes in carbonate preservation at intermediate water depth in relation to changes in global ocean circulation during glacial interglacial cycles. Data report: Pleistocene planktonic foraminiferal oxygen and carbon stable isotope records and their use to improve the age model of Hole U1436C ores recovered east of the Aogashima Volcano, Maryline J. Vautravers

ISPRA 1M Surface Geology
The Geological Map of Italy at a scale 1:1.000.000 is a service provided for the OneGeology-Europe project. The layers display geological units classified using the harmonized nomenclature for lithology, age and geological structure given by the attributes contained in the WP3 standard vocabularies.

Istanbul PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Istanbul, Turkey. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Isua Greenstone Belt, sulfur isotope data (NERC Grant NE/V010824/1)
Triple-sulfur isotope data from schists and carbonates in the Eoarchean Isua Greenstone Belt (3.7 Ga), using a new leaching technique and a multi-collector ICP-MS. The results reveal distinct pattern between the two lithologies and demonstrate an atmospheric contribution of sulfur in both cases. This may support the notion that these rocks represent metamorphosed marine sediments. However, hydrothermal alteration needs to be assessed in more detail to verify the antiquity of these signatures.

Iterbium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Iterbium (Yb), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Itrium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Itrium (Y), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Izmit PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Izmit, Turkey. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Jets and large-scale vortices in rotating Rayleigh-Bénard convection (NERC Grant NE/M017893/1)
Data extracted from simulations of Boussinesq convection in a rotating plane layer where the horizontal box sizes are unequal (Lx < Ly where the xy plane is horizontal). Data published in Guervilly & Hughes, 2017, Phys. Rev. Fluids 2, 113503 (DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevFluids.2.113503).

Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Geophysical, Multibeam, Photo and Video Survey 2007/6_MESH: 2007 MESH SW Approaches Canyons Survey (04/Jun/2007 to 18/Jun/2007)
The survey was led by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee, in collaboration with the Marine Institute, the British Geological Survey and the University of Plymouth. Defra Natural Environment Group Science Division (CRO 361) made a significant contribution to this work. This work contributed to the MESH project (www.searchmesh.net). The MESH Project ran between 2004 and 2008 and was made up of a consortium of twelve partners from five European countries led by the UK’s Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC), with financial support from the EC’s INTERREG IIIB NWE Programme. The MESH partnership drew together scientific and technical habitat-mapping skills, expertise in data collation and its management, and proven practical experience in the use of seabed-habitat maps for environmental management within national regulatory frameworks. The aims of the R/V Celtic Explorer cruise (CE0705) on 4th-18th June 2007 were to acquire high resolution multibeam, sub-bottom profiler and camera data in the SW Approaches area, located approximately 320km southwest of Land's End. The cruise not only mapped the variable morphology of the SW Approaches area, but also investigated the biological communities within the canyon system for the assessment of potential Special Areas of Conservation (SAC) under the EC Habitats and Birds Directive (Annex I) (Johnston et al. 2002). The cruise also tested the application of the survey standards and protocols developed under the MESH project. The cruise was the first thorough test for the recently completed MESH Guidance Framework, providing a 'proof of concept' from planning to completion. The backscatter and geophysics data are archived and available for download at the British Geological Survey (BGS) MEDIN Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. Biological and bathymetry data are archived at DASSH and UKHO respectively. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Commissioned Report CR/07/123N ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/507379/). Final Report ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/507378/). GeoIndex Offshore -

Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Geophysical, Multibeam, Photo and Video Survey 2009/3_JNCC: Seabed habitat investigations: Anton Dohrn and East Rockall Bank (01/Jul/2009 to 29/Jul/2009)
This JNCC marine survey took place in July 2009 and surveyed two areas (Anton Dohrn seamount and East Rockall Bank Reef) for offshore Special Areas of Conservation (SACs). These areas are both now pSACs. The survey was commissioned by JNCC and undertaken by the British Geological Survey, University of Plymouth and Marin Mättenik AB. The aim was to enable the distribution, extent and biological characterisation of Annex I reef. Sidescan sonar data was acquired using a MMT AB EdgeTech 2200-MP, Multibeam bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM710, a Seatronics Drop Frame Camera System was used for digital photography and video. The geology and geophysics component of the data are archived at the British Geological Survey (BGS) MEDIN Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. Biological and bathymetry data are archived at DASSH and UKHO respectively. For more information see http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-5026. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Commercial Report CR/09/113 ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/511601/),

Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Geophysical, Multibeam, Sampling, Photo and Video Survey 2008/7_JNCC: Seabed habitat investigations: Dogger Bank (01/Apr/2008 to 19/Apr/2008)
The JNCC marine survey was undertaken by CEFAS in April 2008 in the Dogger Bank area North Sea onboard the Cefas Endeavour. This work was in support of JNCC’s requirement to recommend sites for designation as Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) to UK Government, under the EC Habitats Directive. The aim was further developing methodologies for identifying and defining the extent of Annex I shallow sandbank habitat and to conduct new habitat mapping surveys to further develop and integrate geomorphological and biological survey methods and strategies to provide interpreted information in GIS for use in site designation and management of activities in the Dogger bank area. Multibeam bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3000D and sidescan sonar data were collected using a Benthos SIS 1624. Groundtruthing techniques including video tows, Hamon grab sampling and beam trawling. The geology and geophysics component of the data are archived at the British Geological Survey (BGS) MEDIN Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. Biological and bathymetry data are archived at DASSH and UKHO respectively. For more information see http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-4733, JNCC Report 429, available at http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-5076. Technical details of the survey are contained in CEFAS Cruise Report CEND 07/08.

Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Geophysical, Multibeam, Sampling, Photo and Video Survey 2008/8_JNCC: Mid Irish Sea and Solan Bank (18/May/2008 to 29/May/2008)
The JNCC marine survey took place in May 2008 within the Submarine structures in the mid-Irish Sea Area of Search (AoS) and the Solan Bank AoS on board the RV CEFAS Endeavour. The aim was identifying habitats listed under Annex I of the EC Habitats Directive; primarily Submarine structures made by leaking gases in the former AoS and Reef habitat in the latter. Multibeam bathymetry was collected using a Kongsberg EM3000D system and sidescan sonar data which was collected using a Benthos SIS 1624 sidescan sonar. Ground-truthing techniques included towed & drop down video/stills and Hamon grab sampling. Rock dredge sampling was also used on a few stations to gather samples of epibiota from hard substrata to assist with the taxonomic ID of the video & still images. The geology and geophysics component of the data are archived at the British Geological Survey (BGS) MEDIN Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. Biological and bathymetry data are archived at DASSH and UKHO respectively. For more information see http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-4732. Technical details of the survey are contained in JNCC report No. 430, http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-5347 and BGS subsample analysis report CR/09/51. JNCC Contract No: F90-01-1200.

Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Multibeam Survey 2012/10_JNCC: Stanton Banks (17/Aug/2012 to 01/Sep/2012)
This marine multibeam and sampling survey was undertaken on Stanton Banks by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC), Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science (CEFAS) and British Geological Survey (BGS) in July/August 2012 on board the Northern Lighthouse Board vessel NLV Polestar. The survey was led by the JNCC and included a team from CEFAS who were involved in benthic sampling. A combination of surveys methods were employed, including seabed imagery (drop camera), day grabs and rock dredges. BGS collected sea floor multibeam bathymetry data using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. The multibeam data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the multibeam survey are contained in the BGS Report of Survey CR/12/100.

Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Sampling, Video and Multibeam Survey 2007/15_JNCC: 2003 - 2007 JNCC/AFBI North West Irish Sea Mounds (01/Jun/2003 to 25/Feb/2007)
North-West Irish Sea Mounds Survey (2003, 2006 and 2007). The North-West Irish Sea Mounds are a group of bedrock outcrops between Northern Ireland and Scotland. The aim was to improve understanding of the habitats and communities identified as potentially containing Annex I reef habitat according to the EC Habitats Directive and to map the bedrock outcrops to enable JNCC to assess the areas suitability for selection as a Special Area of Conservation (SAC). Data from four research cruises contributed to this project. 2007 surveys (21/01/2007-24/01/2007 and 25/02/2007) RV Corystes - drop down video and grab sample data. The first survey's video was poor quality due to poor visibility. 2006 survey (12/11/2006) RV Corystes - Grab sample data only. 2003 survey (01/06/2003-23/06/2003) RV Lough Foyle - multibeam, drop down video and grab sample data. Defra Natural Environmental Group Science Division (CRO 361) made a significant financial contribution to this work. Joint © 2007 DEFRA, JNCC and AFBI. The geology component of the data is archived at the British Geological Survey (BGS) MEDIN Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. Biological and bathymetry data are archived at DASSH and UKHO respectively. For more information see http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-4736 and JNCC Report 410: http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-4493.

Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Video, Photo and Multibeam Survey 2007/13_JNCC: 2006 - 2007 JNCC Mid Irish Sea Reefs (14/Nov/2006 to 23/Mar/2007)
Mid Irish Sea reefs Survey (2006-2007). The aim of this survey was to improve understanding of the habitats and communities present in an area of the Irish Sea identified as potentially containing Annex I reef habitat according to the Habitats Directive. Survey cruises were undertaken in November 2006 (Multibeam), January 2007 (Sampling) and March 2007 (Sampling) onboard Research Vessel Aora, with specialists from the National Oceanography Centre (NOC), ERT (Scotland) Ltd (ERT), University Marine Biological Station and Seatronics Ltd. Data collected included multibeam, drop down video and stills camera images. Defra Natural Environmental Group Science Division (CRO 361) made a significant financial contribution to this work. Joint © 2006 Defra, JNCC and ERT (Scotland) Ltd. The geology component of the data is archived at the British Geological Survey (BGS) MEDIN Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. Biological and bathymetry data are archived at DASSH and UKHO respectively. For more information see http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-4735, JNCC Report 411: http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-4518.

Joint Public Health England (PHE) - Geological Survey of Northern Ireland (GSNI) - British Geological Survey (BGS) Radon Potential Dataset for Northern Ireland
The joint PHE-GSNI-BGS digital Radon Potential Dataset for Northern Ireland provides the current definitive map of radon Affected Areas in Northern Ireland. The Radon Potential map for Northern Ireland shows the estimated percentage of homes in an area exceeding the radon Action Level. This is the basic information to assigning the level of protection required for new buildings and extensions, as described in the Building Research Establishment guidance BR-413 Radon: Guidance on protective measures for new dwellings in Northern Ireland (2004). The Radon Potential map for Northern Ireland is based on PHE indoor radon measurements and 1:10 000 or 1: 250 000 scale digital geology information provided by the Geological Survey of Northern Ireland (GSNI). The indoor radon data is used with the agreement of the Northern Ireland Environment Agency and PHE. Confidentiality of measurement locations is maintained through data management practices. Access to the data is restricted. Radon is a natural radioactive gas, which enters buildings from the ground. Exposure to high concentrations increases the risk of lung cancer. Public Health England (PHE) recommends that radon levels should be reduced in homes where the annual average exceed 200 becquerels per cubic metre (200 Bq m-3), the Action Level. PHE defines radon Affected Areas as those with 1% chance or more of a house having a radon concentration at or above the Action Level. Further information on radon can be obtained from www.ukradon.org

Joule II Project Paper: An overview of the Joule II project 'The underground disposal of carbon dioxide'
In January 1993, as part of the Joule II Non-nuclear Energy Research Programme, the European Commission initiated a two year study of the potential for the disposal of industrial quantifies of carbon dioxide underground, with a view to reducing emissions to the atmosphere. The participants in the study were the British Geological Survey (UK), TNO Institute of Applied Geoscience (The Netherlands), BRGM (France), CRE Group Ltd (UK), IKU Petroleum Research (Norway), RWE AG (Germany), University of Sunderland Renewable Energy Centre (UK) and Statoil (Norway). The objective of the study was to examine whether carbon dioxide emissions from large point sources such as power stations, could be disposed of safely, economically and with no adverse effects on man and the environment. doi:10.1016/0196-8904(95)00308-8.

Joule II Project Paper: An overview of the underground disposal of carbon dioxide
The underground disposal of industrial quantities of CO2 is entirely feasible. Cost is the main barrier to implementation. The preferred concept is disposal into porous and permeable reservoirs capped by a low permeability seal, ideally, but not necessarily, at depths of around 800 metres or more, where the CO2 will be in a dense phase. New concepts and refined reservoir models are continually emerging. As more regional estimates are carried out it appears that there will be ample underground storage capacity in the worlds sedimentary basins. Storage will be stable over geological timescales. The (remote) possibility of an escape of CO2 from a storage reservoir onshore merits further investigation and modelling. It would be highly desirable to learn as much as possible from the operators of the new CO2 disposal schemes arising from natural gas processing in offshore gas fields, as few such opportunities may arise. doi:10.1016/S0196-8904(96)00268-3.

Joule II Project Paper: Natural occurrences as analogues for the geological disposal of carbon dioxide
It is now generally accepted that anthropogenic CO2 emissions are contributing to the global rise in atmospheric CO2 concentrations. One possibility for reducing carbon dioxide emissions is to remove it from the flue gases of coal-fired power stations and dispose of it in underground geological reservoirs, possibly offshore in the North Sea. The feasibility of this option has been studied in detail by a consortium of European partners. As part of this study, natural occurrences of carbon dioxide were identified and preliminary information from these was obtained. The best characterised are found in the United States where the carbon dioxide reserves are exploited for use in tertiary enhanced oil recovery (EOR) programs in the Texas oilfields. The carbon dioxide reserves occur in geological structures and lithologies which are similar to those present in the North Sea. As such, these fields offer an ideal natural analogue for the disposal of carbon dioxide, since the interactions with groundwaters and reservoir lithologies have occurred on both spatial and temporal scales relevant to geological processes. Those carbon dioxide fields currently being exploited have already been studied to a limited extent by the oil companies involved. However, further study is required to provide information on the potential effects that disposing of large quantities of carbon dioxide might have on groundwaters and reservoir quality. In addition, more detailed information will be obtained on the interactions which occur during EOR using carbon dioxide. This paper presents data on some of the natural carbon dioxide fields, and compares the effects of these natural fluid-rock interactions with those observed in laboratory experiments performed to establish what reactions occur during the geological disposal of carbon dioxide. doi:10.1016/0196-8904(95)00309-6.

Joule II Project Paper: Safety of the underground disposal of carbon dioxide
The risks associated with the transport and injection of carbon dioxide are reasonably well understood and already borne in the USA. There is a remote possibility that CO2 disposed of underground could leak from a storage reservoir, either through an unidentified migration pathway or as the result of a well failure. The kind of threat that this might represent may be judged by comparison with naturally occurring volcanic CO2 emissions. Diffuse CO2 emissions through the soil or via carbonated springs in volcanic areas do not appear to represent a threat as long as the CO2 is able to disperse into the atmosphere. However, when CO2 is able to build up in enclosed spaces it poses a definite threat. Large CO2 clouds associated with sudden emissions from volcanic vents or craters also pose a lethal threat. However, there appears to be little analogy between such events and any possible leak from a storage reservoir via a natural unidentified migration pathway. Modelling of the development, migration and subsequent dispersal of any CO2 cloud which might arise from a well failure is recommended. doi:10.1016/S0196-8904(96)00276-2.

Joule II Project Paper: The Joule II project the underground disposal of carbon dioxide
In January 1993, as part of the Joule II Non-nuclear Energy Research Programme, the European Commission initiated a two year study of the potential for the disposal of industrial quantifies of carbon dioxide underground, with a view to reducing emissions to the atmosphere. The participants in the study were the British Geological Survey (UK), TNO Institute of Applied Geoscience (The Netherlands), BRGM (France), CRE Group Ltd (UK), IKU Petroleum Research (Norway), RWE AG (Germany), University of Sunderland Renewable Energy Centre (UK) and Statoil (Norway). The objective of the study was to examine whether carbon dioxide emissions from large point sources such as power stations, could be disposed of safely, economically and with no adverse effects on man and the environment. doi:10.1016/0196-8904(95)00308-8.

Joule II Project Report: The underground disposal of carbon dioxide : Final Report
The purpose of Joule II Project Number CT92-0031 'The Underground Disposal of Carbon Dioxide' was to examine the potential for reducing CO2 emissions to the Earth's atmosphere from fossil fuel fired power plant by disposing of this CO2 underground. The report discusses whether this could be done practically, safely and economically, with minimal long term effects on man or the global environment. The report concentrates on the CO2 disposal process but also includes a detailed study of the technical and economic optimisation of CO2-removal in a lignite-fired IGCC power plant. The report is available for download at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/502763/.

Joule II Project Report: The underground disposal of carbon dioxide : Final Summary Report
This report give detailed results, conclusions and recommendations of the Joule II project CT92-0031. 'The Underground Disposal of Carbon Dioxide'. A summary of the results of the project is given in the Summary Report of the project which was compiled on 28 February 1995. The report is available at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/502763/.

Kandira PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Kandira, Turkey. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Karst - points
Coastal landscape underlain by limestone which has been eroded by dissolution. Where known this has been subdivided thus: 1. Caves; 2. Sinkholes; 3. Solution pans; 4. Cockpits; 5. Karst cones; 6. Towers; 7. Boulder piles; 8. Tor; 9. Other. Note that we are using the term ‘sinkhole’ to include dolines, cenotes and swallow holes. Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

Karst - polygons
Coastal landscape underlain by limestone which has been eroded by dissolution, producing ridges, towers, fissures, sinkholes and other characteristic landforms. Where known the type of karst e.g. limestone, dolomite, evaporitic rocks, sinkholes, boulder piles etc. is stated. Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

Karta ležišta ugljeva Federacije BiH
Na karti su unešena ukupno 73 ležišta uglja na području Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine, od čega su prikazana sljedeća ležišta: kamenog uglja (1), mrkog uglja (46), lignita (24) i treseta (2). Ležišta na Karti su razvrstana prema statusu eksploatacije na sljedeće kategorije: - ležišta u eksploataciji; - ležišta u pripremi za eksploataciju; - ležišta na kojim nije vršena eksploatacija; - ležišta na kojima je prekinuta eksploatacija.

Karta ležišta, pojava i potencijalnih prostora za istraživanje mineralnih sirovina općine Sanski Most
Za potrebe izrade Prostornog plana općine Sanski Most, urađena je i „Karta ležišta, pojava i potencijalnih prostora za istraživanje mineralnih sirovina općine Sanski Most“. Karta je urađena u GIS okruženju, u razmjeri 1:50 000 i 1:150 000, na osnovu rezultata ranijih istraživanja i geoloških karata ležišta i pojava mineralnih sirovina i dijelova Osnovnih geoloških karata, koje zahvataju ovu općinu.

Kenya regional geochemistry
The Samburu - Marsabit Geological Mapping and Mineral Exploration Project was a joint Kenyan and British technical co-operation project, carried out by staff of the Mines and Geological Department, Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Kenya and staff from the British Geological Survey. The first phase of the project commenced in 1980, and covered the area between 36degrees and 38degrees E and from the equator to 2degrees N. The second phase, carried out between 1984 and 1986 covered the area between 36degrees and 38degrees E and from 2degrees N to the Ethiopian border. Sampling was carried out concurrently with geological mapping and was largely constrained by the requirements of that exercise. Little or no sampling was done in areas previously mapped by other bodies. Sampling was mainly confined to areas underlain by basement rocks of the Mozambique Belt and was very sparse over most of the Tertiary and Quaternary volcanic cover. Chemical analyses for the stream sediments were: Ag, Ba, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sr, and Zn. Raw data is available from the Mines and Geological Survey Department, Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Nairobi, Kenya. Sampling densities varied considerably across the Phase 1 project area, but generally a stream sediment sample density of one per 4 to 8 km2 and a panned concentrate density of one per 13 to 16 km2 was achieved. In the Phase 2 area, which was mainly very arid, a few samples were collected from dry stream beds, as part of a helicopter survey of the area, to provide some idea of the geochemistry of the major lithological units. Stream sediments were collected by combining grab samples from 5 to 10 points within a 10m radius of the selected site. If necessary the samples were dried before being sieved and the fine (-80 mesh B.S.) fraction retained for analysis. Heavy mineral concentrates were obtained by taking 2 to 5kg of material from the sample site and panning at the base camp, where water was available, or at the Mines and Geological Department headquarters at Nairobi.

Kerasia PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Kerasia, Greece. It has been provided by GAMMA Remote Sensing as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Kinetics of enhanced cementation reactions for CO2 leakage remediation and fault healing processes
This dataset presents the amount of different magnesium carbonates under different conditions. Here, using batch reactor experiments and mineralogical characterization, we explored magnesite precipitation kinetics in chemically complex fluids whereby the impact of fluid acidity and alkalinity, NaCl, and MgO nanoparticles was investigated. The dataset was created within SECURe project (Subsurface Evaluation of CCS and Unconventional Risks) - https://www.securegeoenergy.eu/. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 764531

Knowledge gap assessment of the geothermal gradient
Density map of geothermal gradient developed with the “point density” algorithm of ArcGIS®. Pixel value, number of data per 100,000 km2. Parameters: population field, none; cell size, 5000; radius, 178,415 metres; areal units, square kilometres; method, geodesic. Knowledge gap, raster value < 1 Reference: https://doi.org/10.3390/app11062865

Knowledge gap assessment of the hydrate evidence
Density map of hydrate evidence (samples of hydrates in gravity cores or wells) and indicators (seismic anomalies or geochemical indicators). It has been developed with the “point density” algorithm of ArcGIS®. Pixel value, number of data per 100,000 km2. Parameters: population field, none; cell size, 5000; radius, 178,415 metres; areal units, square kilometres; method, geodesic. Knowledge gap, raster value < 1 Reference: https://doi.org/10.3390/app11062865

Knowledge gap assessment of the seafloor temperature
Density map of seafloor temperature developed with the “point density” algorithm of ArcGIS®. Pixel value, number of data per 100,000 km2. Parameters: population field, none; cell size, 5000; radius, 178,415 metres; areal units, square kilometres; method, geodesic. Knowledge gap, raster value < 1 Reference: https://doi.org/10.3390/app11062865

Kocaali PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Kocaali, Turkey. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Krakatau hydroacoustic data - Seismic and multibeam bathymetry (NERC Grant NE/S003509/1)
The data set comprises single channel seismic from the Sunda Strait, Indonesia. The data were acquired in 2019 to research the 1883, Krakatau volcanic eruption.

L chondrite meteorite phosphate microscopy and U-Pb analyses (NERC Grant NE/L002507/1)
Microscopy (Scanning Electron Microscopy, Cathodoluminescence Imaging) and U-Pb isotopic (Secondary Ionisation Mass Spectrometry) analyses of phosphate minerals in a suite of nine L chondrite meteorites (and one reference analysis of an LL chondrite). The dataset includes multiple SIMS spot analyses of phosphates in each meteorite, as well as images at multiple scales of all grains analysed. The data is reported and analysed in Walton et al., 2022 GCA.

Laboratory experimental data on time-dependent rock deformation by the mechanism of brittle creep (NERC grant NE/G016909/1)
Laboratory experimental data on time-dependent rock deformation by the mechanism of brittle creep. The data was obtained from laboratory triaxial deformation experiments. The full dataset also includes a compilation of data on this topic from other laboratories that has previously been published in the open literature.

Laboratory Methane Hydrate Formation and Dissociation in Berea (NERC grant NE/J020753/1)
Data for the figures in the manuscript: S. K. Sahoo, H. Marin-Moreno, L. J. North, I. Falco-Suarez,B. N. Madhusudhan, A. I. Best and T. A. Minshull (2018).Presence and consequences of co-existing methane gas with hydrate under two phase water-hydrate stability conditions , Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JB015598

Laboratory Scale-up, Optimisation, and Characterisation of Ce-based Metal-organic Frameworks (MOFs) for CO2 Capture Applications
Provided here are the experimental data for the synthesis and characterisation of crystallinity and CO2 capture performance of Ce-based metal-organic frameworks. For more details on this material, please find the information in the following open-access paper: 10.26434/chemrxiv.13252544.v2. The project took place at Swansea University, Bay Campus, in the Energy Safety Research institute from 1st October until the 31st December 2021. The material was characterised using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) to ensure crystallinity and CO2 sorption analysis for comparison of CO2 capture performance with the pristine material’s performance. This material showed promising CO2 capture in previous experiments and is of interest to researchers working on the development of porous materials. All data collected during the project is provided. UKCCSRC Flexible Funding 2021: Scale up of F4_MIL-140(Ce) for next generation carbon capture (F4-Next-CC)

Lack of chemical analysis of groundwater
Lack of data available to analyse the chemical properties of the of groundwater.

Lagoon
Relict lagoon coastal landform defined as a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water by barrier islands or reefs. Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

Lake
Former lake landform. Where information on the genesis of the feature is available (e.g. dammed glacial lake) this has been included. Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

Lake Chala (Kenya/Tanzania) chronology and isotope data, 0 - >250 kyr BP (DeepCHALLA project) (NERC Grant NE/P011969/1)
This dataset presents tephra layers, Ar-dates, age-model & stable isotope data from the >250 kyr-long Lake Chala sediment record, Kenya/Tanzania. The file is split into six tables: (1) metadata on the 30 tephra layers (29 visible tephra layers, one cryptotephra) studied to date, including sample and core codes, summary characteristics and ages; (2) summary of Ar-dating results on ten of the Lake Chala tephra layers; (3) the DCH_TephraAge Bayesian age model, which combines tephra, 210Pb and 14C age-estimates for the length of the core; (4) Raw single-grain WDS-EPMA results for all tephra layers studied in the DeepCHALLA sediment record; and (5) secondary standard data; (6) unpublished Diatom ?18O (‰ VSMOW), Bulk organic ?13C (‰), %C and Diatom d13C (‰) measurements for the full length of the core (given on a composite depth scale). These chronological data (Tables 1-5) are central to the reconstruction of palaeoclimate from a multi-proxy analyses of the Lake Chala sediment sequence and are included in publications by Baxter et al. (2023) and Martin-Jones et al. (2020, in review), for which references are given in the appropriate files. Stable isotope data (produced by Barker and Leng) remains unpublished at the time of upload. The data was generated by Catherine Martin-Jones, Christine Lane, Maarten Blaauw, Darren Mark, Melanie Leng and Phil Barker between 2017-2022. Much of the tephra data is published and references are provided.

Lake Tana core XRF data (NERC grants NER/B/S/2002/00540 and NE/D012996/1)
Zr/Rb, Ca/Ti, Rb/K ratios against depth (0.112 m to 62.686 m) and age ( 366 to 150190 yrs). NERC grant, NE/D012996/1, abstract Lake Tana, in the highlands of northern Ethiopia, is the source of the Blue Nile, one of the world's great rivers. Surprisingly, very little is known about the age and history of this lake: one estimate from the 1930's is that it was formed 10,000 years ago by a lava dam. Similarly, little is known about the climatic history of the wider region that comprises the Blue Nile headwaters, despite the fact that the Nile has long been recognized as critical to the resources of ancient and modern Egypt. New geophysical and core data, obtained by us in October 2003 and September 2004 with NERC support, show that the lake may be at least 40,000 years old. Our new data also show that the lake dried out at around 16,000 years ago, and almost certainly at apparently regular intervals during the later stages of the last Ice Age. It is possible that the lake dried because of intense droughts lasting one or two hundred years, and that the droughts were caused by disruption of Africa's monsoon climate when iceberg-laden meltwater from North America flooded the North Atlantic - the Heinrich events. In this new PalaeoTana Project, we aim to test these hypotheses by drilling a sediment core, up to 100m in length, from the northern basin of Lake Tana, in about 10m water depth, and about 2km from shore. The core will be scanned at high resolution using X-ray fluorescence, X-ray and colour imagery, geophysical and magnetic core-scanning technology, without damaging the sedimentary components. The resulting datasets will identify past desiccation events, which will be investigated in detail and interpreted by comparison to sediments of the known drying-out event at 16,000 years ago. Dating the sediments by appropriate methods including luminescence, tephrochronology, and Argon-Argon dating will allow precise estimates of the timing and duration of the drought events. The relative timing of these events in comparison with abrupt climatic events in ocean cores (especially Heinrich events), and in other continental records, will allow inferences about the global- scale mechanisms of abrupt climate change. The data can also be used to test climate models, and thus to help judge the accuracy of model-predicted abrupt climate change in the future. A long core record of past climate and environment from this part of Africa would have major significance for understanding both regional environmental change, because of the influence of the Nile on NE Africa and the eastern Mediterranean, and global climate. It will contribute to understanding how future changes in ocean temperature and circulation will affect global climate, especially in the heavily populated monsoon regions of Africa and Asia. It will also have significance for understanding the later stages of human evolution in and dispersal out of Africa, by providing a record of the environmental changes that influenced early human populations and their water, plant and hunting resources.

Lake Tana Seistec Boomer Data (NERC Grant NER/B/S/2002/00540)
This is Seistec Boomer data acquired on Lake Tana. If not familiar with this variant of standard Boomer, it has a line-in-cone.

Land surface temperature
Temperature of the land surface on the top canopy layer

Land Survey Archives (LSA): Scotland & Northern England.
The Land Survey Archives consists of records of the Geological Survey in Scotland for permanent retention dating from 1860s onwards. The collection comprises geologists' field notebooks, miscellaneous field observations and reports, historical and biographical material, correspondence files, photographs, etc. Includes archival material deposited by outside individuals and organisations, eg. NCB (National Coal Board) Bore Book Collection. Survey archival material for Northern England will be incorporated. Some 380 accessions held amounting to over 7,000 items. Indexed at collection level in Land Survey Record Index (LSRI). Plans abstracted and held separately in Land Survey Plans Collection.

Land survey collection of photographs
This is the core collection of photographs in BGS it represents photographs taken by professional photographers and selected by subject and quality for public reference in the BGS libraries. The collection dates from c 1890 to c.1995 and is organized in a series of sub-collections depending on which office the photographers were based. The collection covers photography taken in the field during the geological mapping programme. Series A, the main Land Survey collection for England and Wales, are all taken by professional photographers and are of high quality. Dates from c.1890 to the start of the current "P" system, the first 7500 are glass plates. Series B, Edinburgh, part of the main Land Survey collection for Scotland, full plate size and all glass plates. Series C, Edinburgh, part of the main Land Survey collection for Scotland, half plate size. Series D, Edinburgh, part of the main Land Survey collection for Scotland consists of large format negative size with additional 35mm transparencies, earlier parts of the collection are black and white, later, colour. Series L, Keyworth, the main Land Survey collection for Northern England and Wales emanating from the Leeds Office, all are taken by professional photographers and include large format black and white, colour originals and colour 35 mm transparencies. Access constraints are only physical constraints relating to handling negatives and glass plates. scans are available in the Geoscience Imagebase. Photographs are either: Out of copyright; Crown or NERC.

Land Survey Plans (LSP)
The Land Survey Plans collection of c.1,520 plans consists largely of mine plans acquired by the Survey, including 492 non-coal mine plans deposited by the National Coal Board 1984-87, and copies of mine plans derived from various sources including '6-inch reductions'. The collection also contains about 500 miscellaneous plans extracted from other Land Survey records in order to benefit from specialised systems of archival storage. The Survey's collection of Northern England mine plans are being added to the LSP collection. The collection supplements the Plans Of Abandoned Mines (Other than Coal & Oil Shale) in Scotland (NONCOALPLANSCO) providing an index to plans other than coal and oil shale for Scotland. Indexed on BGS Plans Database Index. Coal Authority hold some non-coal plans for Scotland. All non-confidential data held by NGRC(N) is available to users. Mainly coalfield areas of Central Scotland.

Land Survey Record Index Database (LSRI); Scotland And Northern England.
The Land Survey Record Index was set up c.1988 to provide a digital database index to records and archives held by the Land Survey in Scotland and Northern England and contains over 46,600 records. Finding aid to the following record groups/data sets, is provided through a application query interface: Site Investigation Records (SE); Land Survey Archives (LSA); Land Survey Records (LSR); Mineral Resource Records (MR); Additional Information Files (AI); Enquiry Record Files (EE; EN); Opencast Coal Sites (OC).

Land Survey Records (LSR): Scotland And Northern England.
Miscellaneous geological records for Scotland and Northern England of current or semi-current interest filed in order of accession. Some 65 accessions held which will be subject to review for permanent retention/destruction. Dataset created c.1970 and Indexed on Land Survey Record Index Database.

Landfill or contaminated area
Uncontrolled landfill or major dumpsite with suspicion or recorded hazardous substances in substantial amounts

Landslide
Downhill slope movement of soil and rock related to different types of ground failure.

Landslide susceptibility map
A map of submarine landslide susceptibility in European seas. High susceptibility values indicate a high probability of landslides. This map cannot be compared to the accuracy of studies based on detailed investigations, but provides an overall view on the distribution of landslides susceptibility. The map indicates the probability that landslides may occur in that portion of the seafloor over time, but does not measure when or how frequently an event may occur, nor its possible size. For more details refer to: “Submarine landslides: mapping the susceptibility in European seas”, C. Innocenti, L. Battaglini, S. D'Angelo and A. Fiorentino, Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 54, qjegh2020-027, 23 October 2020, https://doi.org/10.1144/qjegh2020-027

Landslide Susceptibility Map of the Republic of Srpska
Landslide Susceptibility Map of the Republic of Srpska is prepared using the expert AHP methodology and it shows a proposal of the terrain ranking in terms of spatial expectance of landslides in some areas. These maps are very suitable clear maps, comprehensible to experts from different fields, primarily spatial planning, urbanization etc. The preparation of this map, using the modern GIS tools, is a very useful way of prevention and the prerequisite for rational and meaningful struggle against landslides and their negative effects.

Landslides – INSPIRE view service (theme Natural risk zones)
INSPIRE View Service provides access to mapped landslides in the Czech Republic.

Landslides dataset (5km Hex-Grid) version 7
The 5km Hex GS Landslides dataset shows a generalised view of the GeoSure Landslides v7 dataset to a hexagonal grid resolution of 64.95km coverage area (side length of 5km). This dataset indicates areas of potential ground movement in a helpful and user-friendly format. The rating is based on a highest level of susceptibility identified within that Hex area: Low (1), Moderate (2), Significant (3). Areas of localised significant rating are also indicated. The summarising process via spatial statistics at this scale may lead to under or over estimation of the extent of a hazard. The supporting GeoSure reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. The methodology is based on the BGS Digital Map (DiGMapGB-50) and expert knowledge of the behaviour of the formations so defined. This dataset provides an assessment of slope instability. Landslide hazard occurs due to particular slope characteristics (such as geology, gradient, sources of water, drainage, man-made constructions) combining to cause the slope to become unstable. Downslope movement of materials, such as a landslide or rockfall may lead to a loss of support and damage to buildings. Complete Great Britain national coverage is available.

Landslides dataset (5km Hex-Grid) version 8
The 5km Hex GS Landslides dataset shows a generalised view of the GeoSure Landslides v8 dataset to a hexagonal grid resolution of 64.95km coverage area (side length of 5km). This dataset indicates areas of potential ground movement in a helpful and user-friendly format. The rating is based on a highest level of susceptibility identified within that Hex area: Low (1), Moderate (2), Significant (3). Areas of localised significant rating are also indicated. The summarising process via spatial statistics at this scale may lead to under or over estimation of the extent of a hazard. The supporting GeoSure reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. The methodology is based on the BGS Digital Map (DiGMapGB-50) and expert knowledge of the behaviour of the formations so defined. This dataset provides an assessment of slope instability. Landslide hazard occurs due to particular slope characteristics (such as geology, gradient, sources of water, drainage, man-made constructions) combining to cause the slope to become unstable. Downslope movement of materials, such as a landslide or rockfall may lead to a loss of support and damage to buildings. Complete Great Britain national coverage is available.

Landslides in the Czech Republic – INSPIRE download service (theme Natural risk zones)
INSPIRE Download Service (ATOM feed) provides access to mapped landslides in the Czech Republic.

Landslides in the Czech Republic – INSPIRE harmonized (theme Natural risk zones)
Landslides dataset generated as the INSPIRE layer from the Slope Instability Register, which contains basic data of registered and verified slope instabilities in the Czech Republic (landslides, solifluction, rock falls, etc.).

Lanthanum isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Lanthanum (La), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Large river confluence numerical model output (NERC grant NE/I023228/1)
This dataset contains numerical model output of a morphodynamic and sedimentological simulation of a large river confluence based loosely on the Jamuna-Ganges junction in Bangladesh. The work was carried out as part of a joint project between the Universities of Birmingham, Southampton and Exeter. "The sedimentology of fluvial megascours" was a scientific research project funded by NERC. One aspect of the project was to undertake numerical simulations (the data described here) with which to compare with river bed bathymetry data (collected using a multibeam echosounder) and sub bottom seismic profiling data (collected using a surface tow boomer and chirp system). The data has been accepted for a publication in the journal 'Sedimentology' which will be published in 2018 with the title 'The Sedimentology of channel confluences'.

Larissa PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Larissa, Greece. It has been provided by GAMMA Remote Sensing as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Laser ablation ICPMS data for Fe-Ni-Cu sulfides from Ivrea, northern Italy (NERC Grant NE/P017312/1)
These files contain data for microscopy and mineral analyses on Fe-Ni-Cu sulfide minerals in the lower crust below arc systems using the example of the Ivrea Zone in Italy. Samples are lower crustal cumulates with variable concentrations of Fe-Ni-Cu sulfides collected by Dave Holwell from the Ivrea Zone. The sample details will be logged in a separate data entry and more information can be found in the open access paper by Holwell et al (2022) in Nature Geoscience, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28275-y. Data were acquired during 2019, 2020 and 2021. Folders include: metadata (time-resolved analysis spectral data) for laser ablation ICP-MS analysis of sulfide minerals. Laser-ablation ICPMS analyses were performed using a ESI UP213 laser system coupled to a Thermo iCAPRQ ICP-MS system at the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University. The data were gathered to understand the concentrations of precious and semi-metal trace elements and their likely mineral forms in the various Fe-Ni-Cu sulfide minerals. Collected under the From Arc Magma to Ore System (FAMOS) Project.

Laser scans of Ediacaran Fossil Surfaces (NERC Grant NE/P002412/1)
Laser scans of Ediacaran Fossil Surfaces. Data collected 2016-2018 in Newfoundland Canada using a laser-line probe. Data is in the form of .wrp files so can only be opened in Geomagic. The scan files are in files of the bedding plane. All scan numbers with the same base were scanned with the tripod in the same position, so no alignment is needed. Manuel alignment is needed between bases.

Late Glacial Sea Level Minima in the Western British Isles (NERC Grant NE/H024069/1)
Due to differential loading of ice on Britain and Ireland the glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) response and therefore sea-level record will vary with distance from the centre of the British Irish Ice Sheet. GIA models are tested against geological observations, however there is a paucity of observations below -10m depth and the lateglacial period when the BIIS retreated leading to a rapid response of both sea-level and GIA. The aim of the project was to use geophysical data, ground truthed by core material, to find evidence of lateglacial sea-level minima in the Irish and Celtic Sea to refine these GIA models. Cruise log and digital copies of the core information (location, water depth, core length) taken onboard the research cruise CE12008 on the RV Celtic Explorer. A GeoReseource 6m vibrocorer was used to collect sediment samples. Cores where taken at multiple sites and from southern and eastern Ireland: Bantry Bay, Dunmanus Bay, Waterford,Offshore County Louth and Dundalk Bay, offshore Isle of Man; offshore Wales: Cardingan Bay; and offshore Northern Ireland: Kilkeel and Dundrum Bay, Belfast Lough.

Late Mesoproterozoic Paranoa Group, Brazil, stable carbon, nitrogen and sulphur isotopes (NERC Grant NE/V010824/1)
Organic carbon, total nitrogen, total reduced sulfur and carbonate-associated sulfur isotopes measured on decarbonated stromatolite samples from the Paranoa Group (1.1 Ga).

Lead isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Lead (Pb), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Leading linear growth rates for steady uniform morphodynamic overland flows at different Froude numbers and grain diameters (NERC Grant NE/S00274X/1)
Shallow overland flows in steady state can become unstable and break up into destructive surges. The following data documents maximum growth rates for disturbances to uniform steady flows on a fixed slope in a one-dimensional shallow-layer model that incorporates the mechanics of erosion and deposition of monodisperse sediment, documented in sections 2 and 4 of the following freely available preprint: https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.15989. The data comprises the following 4 columns, separated by spaces: grain diameter, Froude number, solid fraction and maximum growth rate. Grain diameter refers to the characteristic diameter of erodible particles, non-dimensionalised by the steady flow depth h0. Froude number, Fr, is a dimensionless constant defined as Fr = u0 / sqrt(h0 * g'), where u0 is the velocity of the steady flow and g' is gravitational acceleration resolved perpendicular to the slope. Solid fraction is a number between 0 and 1 that describes the proportion of solid particles in the flowing mixture. A solid fraction of 0 denotes a purely fluid flow and a solid fraction of 1 denotes a saturated mixture containing a maximum packing of solid particles. Maximum growth rate refers to the largest linear growth rate for perturbations to a uniform flowing layer with the corresponding properties given in the prior 3 columns. The model formulation describes the dynamics of 4 unknown observables: flow height, flow velocity, solids concentration and bed height. By taking the 'maximum' in this case, we mean the maximum over these 4 flow fields that may be perturbed by an environmental disturbance and also the maximum over all possible wavelengths of disturbance. We note that in this dataset, flows with a maximum growth rate equal to zero or small positive values (e.g. up to machine precision) are stable; flows with strictly positive growth rate are unstable. Zero growth rate indicates that the maximum growth rate is given by a neutrally stable perturbation and such perturbations always exist for reasons of symmetry in the model. For each grain diameter and Froude number in the dataset, there exist two steady uniform states with different solid fractions. Therefore two files are supplied - one containing data for the more dilute states and the other containing data for the more concentrated states. These various technical details, as well as full documentation of the model and the parameters used are explained more fully in the aforementioned paper.

Lefkada PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Lefkada, Greece. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Length-scales of chemical and isotopic heterogeneity in the mantle section of the Shetland Ophiolite Complex, Scotland (NERC grant NE/J00457X/1)
Os isotopes, highly siderophile element abundance measurements, lithophile trace element data, major element data, electron microprobe and LA-ICP-MS mineral chemistry of Cr-spinel and sulphide - all data for a suite of peridotites from the Shetland Ophiolite Complex, and published in O'Driscoll, B., Walker, R.J., Clay, P.L., Day, J.M.D., Ash, R.A. and Daly, J.S. 2018. Length-scales of chemical and isotopic heterogeneity in the mantle section of the Shetland Ophiolite Complex, Scotland. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 488, 144-154 All samples come from a locality called The Viels, sampled within a 45 m2 area, on the island of Unst, Shetland Archipelago (UK) at HP64438 11060 (British National Grid)

LG DE Superficial Geology - OneGeology Europe (WFS)
As the department of the Confederation responsible for earth sciences, the Swiss Geological Survey is principally concerned with the following tasks: organising national geological, geotechnical and geophysical surveys, gathering the necessary data, processing and compiling these data in the form of geological maps, and publishing reports, recommendations and guidelines in the fields to which geology is applied (engineering geology and environmental geology).The presented layers (tectonic lineaments and geological units) give a broad overview of the composition and major features of the underlying structure of Switzerland. (Revision: SVN-53)

LG DE Superficial Geology - OneGeology Europe (WMS)
As the department of the Confederation responsible for earth sciences, the Swiss Geological Survey is principally concerned with the following tasks: organising national geological, geotechnical and geophysical surveys, gathering the necessary data, processing and compiling these data in the form of geological maps, and publishing reports, recommendations and guidelines in the fields to which geology is applied (engineering geology and environmental geology).The presented layers (tectonic lineaments, tectonic units and geological units) give a broad overview of the composition and major features of the underlying structure of Switzerland.

LGM Landscape - Base Post-LGM Deposit
Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) landscape / base of the post-LGM deposit. Contours are presented as depth (metres) below present mean sea level of the post LGM sedimentary cover. This is an erosional unconformity, where an infilled valley is present the valley base has been used. LGM defined on average at 18,000 years BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only, 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence

LiDAR data for Ediacaran fossil surfaces in Newfoundland, Canada, 2022 (NERC Grant NE/S014756/1)
This dataset contains LiDAR scans as Faro Scene files of 53 scans which cover 15 different fossiliferous surfaces. The number of scans per surface varies depending on the topology of the bedding plane. These LiDAR scans were made in Newfoundland, Canada, from Mistaken Point Ecological Reserve (10 surfaces), Discovery Geopark (4 surfaces) and Ferryland (1 surface). 45 scans were made in July 2022 and 8 in September 2022. The scans were made in order to enable the mapping of fossil specimens within their communities so that spatial analyses can be used to infer the underlying biological and ecological processes than govern Ediacaran eco-evolutionary dynamics. The dataset is complete to reconstruct the bedding surfaces accurately.

Liege PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Liege, Belgium. It has been provided by CGG NPA Satellite Mapping as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Lincolnshire coast beach-dune surveys December 2013-April 2015 (NERC grant NE/M000052/1)
The dataset contains on-average monthly terrestrial LiDAR surveys conducted on the Lincolnshire coastline following the 2013 storm surge, collected between December 2013 and April 2015. The approximate coordinate locations of the surveys are given as follows: -EmbryoDunes (ED) 53°22'03"N 0°14'54"E -MablethorpeNorthEnd (MNE) 53°21'43"N 0°15'03"E The data were collected to record the rate and nature of recovery of the geomorphology of the back-beach and foredune zones following a storm surge in December 2013. Users interested in nearshore coastal geomorphology dynamics will find the data useful.

Lipid biomarker data relating to anammox bacteria in sediment records containing Mediterranean sapropels (NERC Grant NE/N011112/1)
Spreadsheet containing three tabs of biomarker concentration data for three Mediterranean sapropel records. Core LC21 was collected at 1522m water depth in the Aegean Sea by the R/V Marion Dufresne. An S5 sapropel (core 64PE406-E1) at a water depth of 1760m in the eastern basin aboard the R/V Pelagia. Site 967 of ODP Leg 160 was located at a water depth of 2560 m, south of Cyprus on the lower northern slope of Eratosthenes Seamount, in the eastern Levantine Basin Three core records were extracted for lipid biomarkers and analysed using HPLC and UHPLC-MS. The data and the interpretation of it is available in the published paper; Rush et al., 2019 https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/16/2467/2019/

Lipid biomarker palaeothermometry and carbon isotope data for eleven lignites spanning the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary in North America
The dataset consists of eleven spreadsheet tabs, each tab containing lipid biomarker palaeothermometry (air temperature reconstructions) and bulk organic carbon isotope data from individual lignites that are known to stratigraphically span the Cretaceous-Palaeogene (K-Pg) boundary. Uncalibrated, raw biomarker distributions (glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers; GDGTs) are provided, as well as the calculated calibration outputs. Site coordinates are: West Bijou, Colorado (39°34'14'N, 104°18'09'W), Sussex, Wyoming (43°39'40"N, 106°19'06"W), Pyramid Butte, North Dakota (46°25'03'N, 103°58'33'W), Hell Creek Road, Montana (47°31'35"N, 106°56'23"W), Rock Creek West, Saskatchewan (49°02'20"N, 106°34'00"W), Wood Mountain Creek, Saskatchewan (49°25'20"N, 106°19'50"W), Frenchman Valley, Saskatchewan (49°20’56"N, 108°25’05"W), Knudesn’s Coulee, Alberta (51°54’27"N, 113°02’57"W) Griffith’s Farm, Alberta (51°54’47"N, 112°57’51"W), Coal Valley Cores (GSC CV-42-2, Cores 1 and 2), Alberta (53°05’02"N, 116°47’ 40"W) Police Island, Northwest Territories (64°52'42"N, 125°12'33"W).

Lisbon PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Lisbon, Portugal. It has been provided by Altamira Information as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Lisbon PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Lisbon, Portugal. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

List Of Specimens From The UK (North) Type And Stratigraphical Collection And Related Publications.
This dataset (GSE_REFERENCES) is a list of specimens held in the Type and Stratigraphical Collection of Scotland and Northern England, and the publications in which they are featured or illustrated. This database along with GSE_SPECIMENS (Index To The UK (North) Type And Stratigraphical Collection Of Fossils) and to some extent SMITH_GSE (Index To Specimens Transferred From The John Smith Collection To The UK (North) Type and Stratigraphical Collection) are the digital equivalents of the analogue card index (held in BGS Edinburgh).The latter contains c.16k records, of which perhaps 25% have now been transcribed. The MS Access database BGS_GSE_REFS presently contains 431 records (but does not include specimens from the John Smith Collection). This represents an unknown, but probably small, proportion of the Type and Stratigraphical Collection of Scotland and Northern England featured in publications. The database links with GSE_SPECIMENS, and can also provide species, authors and nomenclatural status. Many of the publications referred to are held in an extensive paper reprint collection.

Lithium CBA favourability map of Europe
Cell based associations (CBA) prospectivity map for lithium in Europe.

Lithium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Lithium (Li), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Lithium metallogenic map of Europe
Overview map showing the approximate extent of the key Lithium metallogenic areas in Europe.

Litho-, bio- and chrono-stratigraphy of tidal marsh sediments from south-central Chile (NERC grant NE/K000446/1)
Stratigraphic and ecological data from tidal marsh sites in south-central Chile. Includes stratigraphy, diatom assemblages and radiocarbon dates from fossil cores and diatom assemblages from modern tidal marsh samples. Data were collected to provide evidence for multiple great earthquakes in south-central Chile, and enable the reconstruction of vertical land-level changes associated with these earthquakes. Data are from tidal marsh sites within the 1960 earthquake rupture area along the Chilean subduction zone (37.5 - 46 degrees South).

Lithological Map of the Iberian Peninsula, Balearic and Canary Islands at scale 1:1.000.000
The Map of Geological Ages of the Iberian Peninsula, Balearic and Canary Islands at a scale of 1:1,000,000 is a map produced by the Geological Survey of Spain (IGME) based on the Geological Map of the Iberian Peninsula, Balearic and Canary Islands published in 1995.
The cartographic units represented in it have been established by means of chronostratigraphic criteria, which have been specified down to the Series. The chronostratigraphic classification used was the "International Stratigraphic Chart" published in 2008 and drawn up by the International Commission on Stratigraphy of the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS).
The igneous and metamorphic rocks have been assigned the corresponding chronostratigraphic section.
The geological information for the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands is in UTM projection, zone 30, Postdam datum. The information on the Canary Islands is in UTM projection, zone 28, datum Pico de las Nieves.
The map is distributed free of charge in shape format.

Lithological Map of the Iberian Peninsula, Balearic and Canary Islands at scale 1:1.000.000
The Lithological Map of the Iberian Peninsula, Balearic and Canary Islands at a scale of 1:1,000,000 is a map produced by the Geological Survey of Spain (IGME) based on the Geological Map of the Iberian Peninsula, Balearic and Canary Islands published in 1995.
The cartographic units represented in it have been established using lithological criteria, with the lithological association defining the limits of each unit.
The geological information on the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands is in UTM projection, zone 30, Postdam datum. The information for the Canary Islands is in UTM projection, zone 28, datum Pico de las Nieves.
The map is distributed free of charge in shape format through the IGME website.

Lithology of Greece
The digital geological map of Greece at 1:1million scale is composed of layers of polygonal objects depicting strati-graphic units and lines depicting faults. It has been created - in the frame of the One Geology Europe Plus project - from the 1:50 000 scale map sheets, using the One Geology Europe vocabulary terms to describe lithology & age of formations

Lithostratigraphic map of Spain at a scale of 1:200.000 continuous digital.
The continuous lithostratigraphic map of Spain in digital format at a scale of 1:200,000 represents the cartographic units characterised mainly according to lithostratigraphic and hydrogeological criteria. The criteria maintained to consider their cartographic representation are to maintain those units that present an important lithostratigraphic development, both for their representation and their singularity, also incorporating those that show a high hydrogeological interest, either because of their lithological nature (high permeability) or because they are considered to form an essential part of the definition of the aquifer. The contacts between the cartographic units represented were normal, unconformable and intrusive contacts. Faults, thrusts and folding structures are represented.
Thus, a continuous map has been obtained in digital format, in which there are still areas with a higher density of cartographic information than others, either because they come from synthesis maps made with less general criteria than these, or because for their preparation, smaller scale cartographies (e.g. 1:50,000) have been used, thus obtaining a much richer and more detailed cartography.
This map is the basis of the permeability and hydrogeological maps of Spain at a scale of 1:200,000 continuous and in digital format.
This cartography is adapted to the hydrographic network and the shadow model made by CEDEX, at a scale of 1:200,000, from the topographic base, at a scale of 1:50,000, of the Army Cartographic Service. The cartographic information is referenced to coordinates in UTM projection, European Datum, zone 30, except for that corresponding to the Canary Islands, which is referenced to zone 28.
The map is made up of the following information layers: Cartographic Units (LPLIT), Contacts and Fractures (LPCYF) and Folding Structures (LPEST).
The format of the information generated is Shape file.

Ljubljana PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Ljubljana, Slovenia. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Llanbedr (Mochras Farm) Core Scanning Dataset (NERC Grant NE/N018508/1)
A core scanning dataset from part of the Llanbedr (Mochras Farm) drill core that was drilled onshore in the Cardigan Bay Basin, Wales, UK. This core scan dataset was obtained using the Itrax XRF Scanner MC at the Core Scanning Facility (CSF) at the British Geological Survey (BGS), UK. It contains X-ray fluorescence (XRF) elemental data expressed as elemental counts or peak areas and optical images of each representative core stick. The dataset was created within the scope of the JET project (Integrated understanding of Early Jurassic Earth system and timescale) - https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FN018508%2F1 This project has received funding from the International Continental Scientific Drilling Programme (ICDP) and the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC).

Llanbedr Mochras Farm Core X-ray computed tomography (XCT) scans of consolidated shale from the Lower Jurassic of the Cardigan Bay Basin, Wales (NERC Grant NE/N018559/1)
X-ray computed tomography (XCT) scans of four samples of consolidated shale from the Lower Jurassic (C.exaratum subzone) of the Cardigan Bay Basin (Wales, UK). The samples were taken from the Mochras Core, at depths of 789, 810, 812, and 818m (all samples within data measured in metres). Each sample is distinguished by its unique sample identification number (SSK). For each sample, there is a stack of XCT orthoslices (.tiff) files, and for SSK109633, an incomplete Avizo file. Mochras core location (aprox.) 52°48'39.74"N, 4° 8'48.09"W. Mochras Island, west of Llanbedr, Gwynedd, Wales, UK

Local and moment magnitudes of Preston New Road seismicity, 2018-2019 (NERC Grant NE/R018006/1)
This dataset is a catalogue of elastic stress models of hydraulic fracturing during the 2018 Preston New Road, PNR-1z operations (described in Clarke et al., 2019). This modelling was produced for the publication Kettlety et al. (2020), which studies the physical mechanisms controlling seismicity during hydraulic fracturing. For further details on the modelling approach and context for these data, see Kettlety et al. (2020) and the README file attached here.This is a combined microseismic catalogue of all of the seismic magnitudes recorded for microseismic events recorded during Cuadrilla's Preston New Road hydraulic fracturing operations. 5 magnitude types are given for each event: the downhole measured moment magnitude (Mw); the downhole measured local magnitude (ML); the surface measured ML; the surface measured Mw; and a combined/corrected Mw. This corrected Mw follows the procedure laid out in Kettlety et al. (2021, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220200187) and Baptie et al. (2020, Robust relationships for magnitude conversion of PNR seismicity catalogues. British Geological Survey Open Report, OR/20/042) Functionally, it combines the surface measured Mw and the downhole measured Mw corrected using Equations 4.6 and 4.7 of Baptie et al. (2020). Also included are event origin times, associated injection stages (as described in Clarke et al., 2020, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220190110, and Kettlety et al., 2021), whether this stage was a "minifrac" (just for PNR-1z), the "relative fracture order" (RFO) of that stage, and it's downhole measured location (easting and northing in BNG coordinates, and depth BSL). Downhole measurements Mw and ML were conducting by Schlumberger Ltd. on behalf to the Preston New Road operator Cuadrilla Resources Ldt., and surface ML and Mw were measured by the BGS in Baptie et al., (2020).

Local network monitoring natural CO2 flux - CarbonNet
Local network monitoring flow of natural carbon dioxide in West Bohemia region.

Local seismic network REYKJANET
Digital records of seismic stations of local seismic network REYKJANET in the southeast tip of Iceland. The local network consists of 15 stations opearted jointly by the Institute of Geophysics CAS Prague and the Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics CAS Prague. Stations record locally, data are copied several times a year during the service period.

Local seismic network WEBNET
Digital records of seismic stations of local seismic network WEBNET. The local network consists of 23 stations. Stations are operated jointly by the Institute of Geophysics CAS Prague and the Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics CAS Prague.

Local Seismological Network named MONET - IGN
Seismic digital records of the Local Seismoélogical Network named MONET - stations operated by Institute of Geonics of the CAS

Log file, GSAS data files and diffraction patterns from synchrotron experiments on NaMnF3 (NERC grant NE/J009520/1)
Log file and GSAS data files for synchrotron study of NaMnF3. Diffraction patterns from synchrotron experiments on NaMnF3. NERC grant: Understanding the D' zone: novel fluoride analogues to MgSiO3 post perovskite NERC grant abstract: The thermal boundary layers of a convecting system control many aspects of its style of convection and thermo-chemical history. For the silicate Earth these boundary layers are the lithosphere, whose low temperature and high rigidity induces slab-style downwellings, and the D' region on the mantle side of the core-mantle-boundary (CMB). The D' region is the source of plume-style convection and regulates heat exchange from the core to the silicate Earth. The lower thermal boundary is made more complex by the existance of a phase transition in the most common mineral in the lower mantle (magnesium-silicate perovskite) which changes the properties of the D' region at the CMB. Unfortunately, most of these properties cannot be measured at the extreme pressures (120 GPa) of stabilisation of the post-perovskite phase. The best chance of constraining them is through a combination of measurements on low-pressure analogue materials (which have the same crystal structure but a different chemical composition) and ab initio simulations of both the analogue and natural systems. We have recently developed a set of ABF3 analogues whose properties are much more similar to MgSiO3 than are those of the CaBO3 analogues currently in use. We propose, therefore, to use these improved fluoride analogues to determine the properties of post-perovskite which control the dynamics of D' (phase diagram, pressure-temperature-volume relations, viscosity, slip systems and thermal diffusivity). These measurements will allow models to be developed which accurately predict the behaviour of the lower thermal boundary layer of the mantle. This will place coinstraints on (1) the heat budget, dynamo power and start of crystallisation of the inner core, (2)the vigour of plumes, (3) the ratio of underside heating to internal heating in the mantle and, (4) the radioactive element budget of the silicate Earth.

Loch Etive Depth Cores Ion Torrent FASTQ Data (NERC Grant NE/L000326/1)
Two sediment depth cores were collected from the floor of Loch Etive, near Oban, Scotland. Slicing was performed in an anaerobic bag. Samples were taken at 0.5 cm increment between 0 - 2 cm, 1 cm increments between 2 - 10 cm, and at either 2 or 5 cm increments thereafter. Samples were transferred to Newcastle University for DNA extraction. A total of 21 samples were extracted for core 1, and 23 samples extracted for core 2.

Lokální seismická síť MONET
Seismické digitální záznamy stanic lokální seismické sítě MONET.

Lokální seismická síť MONET - ÚFZ
Seismické digitální záznamy stanic lokální seismické sítě MONET - stanice provozované Ústavem fyziky Země PřF Masarykovy univerzity.

London Earth Topsoil Chemical Data
The London Earth data is part of a nationwide project to determine the distribution of chemical elements in the surface environment, namely Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment (G-BASE). London Earth focuses on the soil of the capital city, the limits of the survey being defined by the Greater London Authority (GLA) administrative boundary. Chemical elements have been determined by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRFS) at the laboratories of the British Geological Survey (BGS) in Keyworth, Nottingham. These results are presented as a MS Excel file.

London Gateway Project Geophysics Archive for offshore surveys undertaken in 2002, 2007, 2008 and 2011
These data comprise four phases of geophysical survey carried out in 2002, 2007, 2008 and 2011, covering various areas within the Thames Estuary as part of an overarching archaeological investigation called the London Gateway project (2001-2020) ahead of planned dredging works. 88635_49575_2002 - Area of sidescan sonar data within the Thames Estuary (shell haven) area. The data were acquired in OSGB36 British National Grid coordinates and covers the area: Top Left - 570395.312500 E, 183444.953125 N, Top Right - 604097.250000 E, 183444.953125 N, Bottom Right - 604097.250000 E, 177590.140625 N, Bottom Left - 570395.312500 E, 177590.140625 N. 88635_61207_2007 - Geophysical survey comprising sidescan sonar data acquired over 13 separate wreck sites. Corresponding MBES data were acquired previously in 2005 and are deposited with the UKHO. SSS data comprise a total of 83 .xtf files with 2 channels. Acquired in WGS84 UTMz31N coordinates. 400 KhZ frequency. Range 50 m. Sensor positions rather than ship positions for each line in metadata. Each wreck location is centred on (UTMz31N): Amethyst - 364468 E, 5708659 N; Ancient - 325490 E, 5708230 N; Argus - 359499 E, 5706071 N; Ash - 360905 E, 5706497 N; Atherton - 359708 E, 5706186 N; Dynamo - 401449 E, 5743755 N; EastOaze - 362786 E, 5707385 N; ErnaBoldt - 403551 E, 5746997 N; Letchworth - 357544 E, 5705592 N; London - 343115 E, 5707365 N; Pottery - 346619 E, 5706276 N; SS Storm - 406001 E, 5747115 N; Unknown wreck - 375530 E, 5714052 N. 88635_61208_2008 - Geophysical survey comprising sidescan sonar and multibeam echosounder data over a single wreck site. SSS data comprise a total of 7 .xtf files with 2 channels. 400 KhZ frequency. Range 50 m. Acquired in WGS84 Geographic coordinates. Sensor positions rather than ship positions for each line in metadata. Wreck location in WGS84 UTMz31N: Aisha - 363982 E, 5707656 N. 88635_79800_2011 - Geophysical survey comprising magnetometer, sidescan sonar and multibeam echosounder data undertaken over three separate blocks; Area 9to11, Area 26to36 and Area 105. Area9to11:332980 E, 5708675 N; 332980 E, 5708226 N; 338586 E, 5707813 N; 338681 E, 5708242 N. Area26to36:339693 E, 5708096 N; 339571 E, 5707680 N; 345670 E, 5706229 N; 350490 E, 5706371 N; 350338 E, 5706838 N; 345680 E, 5706685 N. Area105:383734 E, 5719704 N; 384035 E, 5719369 N; 385920 E, 5720804 N; 385619 E, 5721134 N. Where corresponding multibeam echosounder data were acquired, these data have been archived with the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO). Overarching full archaeological investigation, including results of the assessment of these data, and technical reports are archived with the Archaeology Data Service (ADS) ( https://doi.org/10.5284/1083494).

London Office Registers Of Macrofossils.
Registers of macrofossils in 127 volumes, covers the whole of the UK. Within each volume, data is arranged sequentially usually by collectors no. The data set began with the first Palaeontologist in the Geological Survey of Great Britain.

London Register Of Lower Palaeozoic Microfossils From The UK.
The register lists Lower Palaeozoic microfaunas (including "small shelly" faunas), but occasionally mentions small trilobites and various fragments. SAQ1-259 are used, although several numbers have no details assigned to them. Sample number, sheet number, NGR, fossil identification, borehole names & depths are given.

London Register Of Microfossils.
Registers of microfossil analyses carried out by FW Anderson in London mainly during the 1950s and 1960s, but includes older collections,notably those of Davis (1935) and Burrows (1948). Specimens recorded are mainly ostracods, but include some foraminifera and some charophytes and holothurians. Sample number, locality/borehole, specimen identifications, remarks, cross referencing to the SAM and other data sets are given. The set is arranged: MIK(M) 1-4483 in 41 volumes on Mesozoic (predominantly) ostracods MIK(T) 1-1590 in 11 volumes, Tertiary foraminifera MIK( C) 1-400 in 5 volumes, Carboniferous ostracods MIK (J) 1-1219 in 8 volumes Jurassic microfossils (few identifications) MIK(K) 1-677 in 7 volumes Cretaceous microfossils (identifications patchy) MIK(J)F, MIK(K)F and MIK(T)F are small foreign collections.

Long-period Magnetotelluric time series near Alnham, England, UK (NERC Grant NE/V002694/1)
Long-period Magnetotelluric time series recorded in Jan to Feb 2022 at site NT91 near Alnham, England, UK (NT91). Funded by NERC, grant number: NE/V002694/1 "SWIMMR Activities in Ground Effects (SAGE)". These data consist of measurements of the Earth’s natural magnetic and electric field variations.

Long-period Magnetotelluric time series recorded at site SE69 near Pickering, North Yorkshire, England, UK (NERC Grant NE/V002694/1)
Long-period Magnetotelluric time series recorded in Jan to Feb 2022 at site NT91 near Alnham, England, UK (NT91). Funded by NERC, grant number: NE/V002694/1 "SWIMMR Activities in Ground Effects (SAGE)". These data consist of measurements of the Earth’s natural magnetic and electric field variations.

Long-period Magnetotelluric time series recorded at site SH39 near Anglesey, Wales, UK (NERC Grant NE/V002694/1)
Long-period Magnetotelluric time series recorded in Jan to Feb 2022 at site NT91 near Alnham, England, UK (NT91). Funded by NERC, grant number: NE/V002694/1 "SWIMMR Activities in Ground Effects (SAGE)". These data consist of measurements of the Earth’s natural magnetic and electric field variations.

Long-period Magnetotelluric time series recorded at site SH54, South Snowdonia, Wales, UK (NERC Grant NE/P017312/1)
Long-period Magnetotelluric time series recorded in Nov 2021 to Jan 2022 at site SH54, South Snowdonia, Wales, UK. Funded by NERC, grant number: NE/V002694/1 "SWIMMR Activities in Ground Effects (SAGE)". These data consist of measurements of the Earth’s natural magnetic and electric field variations.

Long-period Magnetotelluric time series recorded at site SJ06 near Denbigh, Wales (NERC Grant NE/V002694/1)

Long-period Magnetotelluric time series recorded at site TF82 near Fakenham, England, UK (NERC Grant NE/V002694/1)

Long-period Magnetotelluric time series recorded at site TL85 near Shimpling, Suffolk, UK (NERC Grant NE/V002694/1)

Long-term groundwater-level anomalies across Sub-Saharan Africa (NERC grant NE/M008932/1)
Multi-decadal time series of groundwater levels were compiled by the authors from records of observation wells initiated and maintained by government departments and research institutions in nine countries in sub-Saharan Africa. The pan-African collation of these hydrographs was initiated at the 41st Congress of the International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH) in Marrakech (Morocco) on 14th September 2014. All records were subjected to a rigorous review by the authors during which the integrity, continuity, duration and interpretability of records were evaluated. This process included dedicated workshops in Benin, Tanzania, and Uganda, and records failing these tests were discarded from the analysis. Procedures included taking of the first time derivative to identify anomalous spikes in records commonly associated with errors of data-entry. Where multiple records in same geographic and climate zone were available (e.g. Benin, South Africa) we prioritized records remote from potential areas of intensive abstraction. Statistical clustering of records was also used in the Limpopo Basin of South Africa to identify the representativity of employed records at Modderfontein and Sterkloop.

Low-frequency, temperature-dependent seismic properties of antigorite (NERC grants NE/K009656/1, NE/M016471/1)
These data contain the shear modulus and attenuation of Vermont antigorite serpentinite in the seismic "low" frequency range, as functions of oscillation period (ranging from 1 to 1000s) and temperature during staged cooling from 550 degrees C down to room temperature, at a confining pressure of 200 MPa. This dataset is used and fully described/interpreted in the paper: David, E.C., N. Brantut, L.N. Hansen and I. Jackson, Low-frequency measurements of seismic velocity and attenuation in antigorite serpentinite, submitted to Geophys. Res. Lett.

Lower Carboniferous dolomite samples (NERC grant NE/I528142/1)
Core description, core samples and thin sections of Lower Carboniferous dolomite. Thesis : Reservoir Properties of Lower Carboniferous Limestone of the Derbyshire East Midlands Platform by Jack Stacey. Thesis: Advances in understanding the evolution of diagenesis in carboniferous carbonate platforms: insights from simulations of palaeohydrology, geochemistry, and stratigraphic development by Miles Frazer

Ložiská SR - register Geofondu
Register ložísk obsahuje administratívne hranice výhradných ložísk – osvedčenie o výhradnom ložisku (OVL), chránené ložiskové územia (CHLÚ) a dobývacie priestory (DP) a hranice ložísk nevyhradených nerastov (LNN). Okrem týchto položiek aj vrstvy ložiskovej preskúmanosti – bodové, líniové a plošné, ktoré reprezentujú ložiskové prieskumy na rudné, nerudné a energetické suroviny. Dostupné na internete: https://app.geology.sk/geofond/loziska2/.

Ložiská SR - register Geofondu - Bloky zásob
Súbor obsahuje bloky zásob pre ložiská stavebných, energetických, rudných a nerudných surovín.

Ložiská SR - register Geofondu - Ložiská nevyhradeného nerastu
Súbor obsahuje administratívne hranice ložísk nevyhradených nerastov (LNN).

Ložiská SR - register Geofondu - Preskúmanosť - body
Súbor obsahuje bodovú informáciu o ložiskovej preskúmanosti pre U - rudy, bituminózne horniny, nerudy, rašelinu - uhlie, ropu - plyn, rudy a stavebné suroviny.

Ložiská SR - register Geofondu - Preskúmanosť - línie
Súbor obsahuje líniovú informáciu o ložiskovej preskúmanosti pre U - rudy, bituminózne horniny, nerudy, rašelinu - uhlie, ropu - plyn, rudy a stavebné suroviny.

Ložiská SR - register Geofondu - Výhradné ložiská - DP
Súbor obsahuje administratívne hranice dobývacích priestorov (DP).

Ložiská SR - register Geofondu - Výhradné ložiská - CHLÚ
Súbor obsahuje administratívne hranice chránených ložiskových území ( CHLÚ).

Ložiská SR - register Geofondu - Výhradné ložiská - OVL
Súbor obsahuje administratívne hranice výhradných ložísk (OVL).

Ložiská SR - register Geofondu: Ukladacia služba
Sieťová služba priestorových údajov poskytuje verejné rozhranie ku geopriestorovým údajom (reprezentácia ložísk). Služba je postavená na štandarde OGC konzorcia (Open Geospatial Consortium) ako ukladacia (WFS) služba, štandardoch definovaných W3C konzorciom ako služba so SOAP rozhraním a proprietárnom architektonickom štýle fy ESRI - ArcGis mapová služba s REST rozhraním. Údaje získané touto službou môžu byť spracované a verejnosti prezentované na úrovni vlastných aplikačných desktop a web rozhraní, ktoré dokážu spracovať služby v ktoromkoľvek z ponúkaných štandardov a technologických riešení.

Ložiská SR - register Geofondu: Zobrazovacia služba
Sieťová služba priestorových údajov poskytuje verejné rozhranie ku geopriestorovým údajom (reprezentácia ložísk). Služba je postavená na štandarde OGC konzorcia (Open Geospatial Consortium) ako zobrazovacia (WMS) služba, štandardoch definovaných W3C konzorciom ako služba so SOAP rozhraním a proprietárnom architektonickom štýle fy ESRI - ArcGis mapová služba s REST rozhraním. Údaje získané touto službou môžu byť spracované a verejnosti prezentované na úrovni vlastných aplikačných desktop a web rozhraní, ktoré dokážu spracovať služby v ktoromkoľvek z ponúkaných štandardov a technologických riešení.

LTA recharge values at selected boreholes across Europe
A dataset showing the locations of the boreholes where long term average recharge values (mm/year) are calculated using multiple recharge calculation tools. Clicking a borehole will lead to a figure showing the LTA recharge calculated using one or more than one tool. Models are driven by rainfall and potential evaporation and calibrated using either time series of groundwater levels or flow discharges at a gauging station or both depending on the tool. Please refer to tool used to identify if the recharge calculated is actual or potential recharge. The aim of applying multiple tools is to address the uncertainty in the calculated recharge. Values are best used for guidance only.

Lumped models recharge values at selected boreholes across Europe
This layer shows the locations of the boreholes where lumped models are applied to estimate recharge values. Different modelling tools are applied by TACTIC partners including BRGM, BGS, GEUS, GSS, GSI, GTK, IGME, ISPRA, SGU, and TNO. The boreholes will display historical and future estimates of recharge values calculated from these tools.

Lutetium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Lutetium (Lu), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Luxembourg PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Luxembourg, Luxembourg. It has been provided by Altamira Information as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Lyon PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Lyon, France. It has been provided by Altamira Information as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Macrofossils from Ireland.
Registers dating from the 1950s listing some of the macrofossil collections held in the Geological Survey of Ireland between 1868 and 1875. They are numbered sequentially, but as they are a selection only, there are some gaps in the numbers. Numbers included are: I1-4893; K1253-4937;L319-3247;N961-3066;O4521-5000; P1-4393; R1-1270;S1978-2099; T1-500 and U1-2113.

Macrofossils Illustrated In Quarterly Journal Of The Geological Society.
5 volumes of macrofossils illustrated in the Quaterly Journal Of The Geological Society are given identifications and locality details together with the bibliographic reference. A few are foreign, but most are from the UK. The first date given is QJGS volume 12 for 1856. Last date mentioned is 1912. Numbers used: GS1-7886; GSA1-5000; GSB1-5000; GSC1-5000;GSD1-6415. The data set is closed, but occasional modification to the registers are infrequently made to update or correct certain specimens.

Magnesium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Magnesium (Mg), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Magnesium isotope compositions of Solar system materials (NERC grant NE/L007428/1)
The data are magnesium (Mg) isotope composition, i.e. the relative difference of isotope ratios as defined in Coplen (2011, doi: 10.1002/rcm.5129). The reference was DSM-3 (see Galy et al., 2003, doi: 10.1039/b309273a) and data are given in per mil. Samples consisted of terrestrial peridotites and basalts as well as a suite of meteorites including chondrites, shergottites, diogenites and one angrite. A large portion of the data have been published in Hin et al. (2017, doi: 10.1038/nature23899).

Magnetic measurements on secular sites
Geomagnetic Observatory is monitoring the Earth's magnetic field. Geomagnetic observation started in 1967, since 1994 is Budkov a certified observatory of INTERMAGNET Network, which the data are transferred to, recently with sampling rate 1 minute and 1 second.

Magnetic time series for Differential Magnetometer site Abbey St. Bathans (ASB) (NERC Grant NE/P017231/1)
Magnetic time-series from the BGS SWIGS differential magnetometer method (DMM) systems. Funded by NERC, grant number: NE/P017231/1 "Space Weather Impact on Ground-based Systems (SWIGS)". These data consist of measurements of the Earth’s natural magnetic These data consist of measurements of the Earth’s natural magnetic field at the Abbey St. Bathans remote site (ASBR) and the natural magnetic field plus the field created by GIC at the Abbey St. Bathans underline site (ASBU). The database will include .xyz files with the DMM data and one document with metadata. See Hübert et al (2020) for further details.

Magnetic time series for Differential Magnetometer site Brandon Parva (BRA) (NERC Grant NE/P017231/1)
Magnetic time-series from the BGS SWIGS differential magnetometer method (DMM) systems. Funded by NERC, grant number: NE/P017231/1 "Space Weather Impact on Ground-based Systems (SWIGS)". These data consist of measurements of the Earth’s natural magnetic field at the remote site (BRAR) and the natural magnetic field plus the field created by GIC at the underline site (BRAU). The database will include .xyz files with the DMM data and one document with metadata. See Hübert, J., Beggan, C. D., Richardson, G. S., Martyn, T., & Thomson, A. W. P. (2020). Differential magnetometer measurements of geomagnetically induced currents in a complex high voltage network. Space Weather, 18, e2019SW002421. doi: 10.1029/2019SW002421 for further details.

Magnetic time series for Differential Magnetometer site Bude (BUD) (NERC Grant NE/P017231/1)
Magnetic time-series from the BGS SWIGS differential magnetometer method (DMM) systems. Funded by NERC, grant number: NE/P017231/1 “Space Weather Impact on Ground-based Systems (SWIGS)”. These data consist of measurements of the Earth’s natural magnetic field and the field created by GIC at the underline site (BUDU). The database will include .xyz files with the DMM data and one document with metadata. See Hübert, J., Beggan, C. D., Richardson, G. S., Martyn, T., & Thomson, A. W. P. (2020). Differential magnetometer measurements of geomagnetically induced currents in a complex high voltage network. Space Weather, 18, e2019SW002421. doi: 10.1029/2019SW002421 for further details.

Magnetic time series for Differential Magnetometer site Dalry (DAL) (NERC Grant NE/P017231/1)
Magnetic time-series from the BGS SWIGS differential magnetometer method (DMM) systems. Funded by NERC, grant number: NE/P017231/1 "Space Weather Impact on Ground-based Systems (SWIGS)". These data consist of measurements of the Earth’s natural magnetic field at the remote site (DALR) and the natural magnetic field plus the field created by GIC at the underline site (DALU). The database will include .xyz files with the DMM data and one document with metadata. See Hübert, J., Beggan, C. D., Richardson, G. S., Martyn, T., & Thomson, A. W. P. (2020). Differential magnetometer measurements of geomagnetically induced currents in a complex high voltage network. Space Weather, 18, e2019SW002421. doi: 10.1029/2019SW002421 for further details.

Magnetic time series for Differential Magnetometer site East Kilbride (EAS) (NERC Grant NE/P017231/1)
Magnetic time-series from the BGS SWIGS differential magnetometer method (DMM) systems. Funded by NERC, grant number: NE/P017231/1 "Space Weather Impact on Ground-based Systems (SWIGS)". These data consist of measurements of the Earth’s natural magnetic field at the remote site (EASR) and the natural magnetic field plus the field created by GIC at the underline site (EASU). The database will include .xyz files with the DMM data and one document with metadata. See Hübert, J., Beggan, C. D., Richardson, G. S., Martyn, T., & Thomson, A. W. P. (2020). Differential magnetometer measurements of geomagnetically induced currents in a complex high voltage network. Space Weather, 18, e2019SW002421. doi: 10.1029/2019SW002421 for further details.

Magnetic time series for Differential Magnetometer site Ilderton (ILD) (NERC Grant NE/P017231/1)
Magnetic time-series from the BGS SWIGS differential magnetometer method (DMM) systems. Funded by NERC, grant number: NE/P017231/1 "Space Weather Impact on Ground-based Systems (SWIGS)". These data consist of measurements of the Earth’s natural magnetic field at the remote site (ILDR) and the natural magnetic field plus the field created by GIC at the underline site (ILDU). The database will include .xyz files with the DMM data and one document with metadata. See Hübert et al. (2020) for further details.

Magnetic time series for Differential Magnetometer site Knayton (KNA) (NERC Grant NE/P017231/1)
Magnetic time-series from the BGS SWIGS differential magnetometer method (DMM) systems. Funded by NERC, grant number: NE/P017231/1 "Space Weather Impact on Ground-based Systems (SWIGS)". These data consist of measurements of the Earth’s natural magnetic field at the remote site (KNAR) and the natural magnetic field plus the field created by GIC at the underline site (KNAU). The database will include .xyz files with the DMM data and one document with metadata. See Hübert et al. (2020) for further details.

Magnetic time series for Differential Magnetometer site Toppesfield (TOP) (NERC Grant NE/P017231/1)
Magnetic time-series from the BGS SWIGS differential magnetometer method (DMM) systems. Funded by NERC, grant number: NE/P017231/1 "Space Weather Impact on Ground-based Systems (SWIGS)". These data consist of measurements of the Earth’s natural magnetic field at the remote site (TOPR) and the natural magnetic field plus the field created by GIC at the underline site (TOPU). The database will include .xyz files with the DMM data and one document with metadata. See Hübert, J., Beggan, C. D., Richardson, G. S., Martyn, T., & Thomson, A. W. P. (2020). Differential magnetometer measurements of geomagnetically induced currents in a complex high voltage network. Space Weather, 18, e2019SW002421. doi: 10.1029/2019SW002421 for further details.

Magnetic time series for Differential Magnetometer site Whiteadder Moor (WHI). (NERC Grant NE/P017231/1)
Magnetic time-series from the BGS SWIGS differential magnetometer method (DMM) systems. Funded by NERC, grant number: NE/P017231/1 "Space Weather Impact on Ground-based Systems (SWIGS)". These data consist of measurements of the Earth’s natural magnetic field at the Whiteadder Moor remote site (WHIR) and the natural magnetic field plus the field created by GIC at the Whiteadder Moor underline site (WHIU). The database will include .xyz files with the DMM data and one document with metadata. See Hübert et al. (2020) for further details.

Magnetometry
The database (ORACLE) contains magnetic anomalies delta ?T that has been measured by airborne magnetometry survey at scale 1:25,000 since 1960 (about 85 % of the whole territory); the rest is covered by measurement at scale 1:200,000 (1958-1960). The period 1960-1971 is represented by analogue recording (flux-gate magnetometer) with accuracy ca 10 nT. The next measuremets have been carried out using digital registration (proton or cesium magnetometer) with accuracy ca 2 nT. The results of ground magnetometry is added to the airborne magnetometry data in region of Eastern Moravia, Krkonoše Mountains and Šumava Mountains, where no airborne data was registered.

Magnetotelluric and Transient Electromagnetic data from Afar, Ethiopia (NERC Grant NE/E007147/1)
This data set comprises broadband magnetotelluric (MT) and transient electromagnetic (TEM) data collected during three field seasons in 2008, 2009 and 2010 by a team of researchers from the University of Edinburgh, UK, IMAGIR, Brest, France and the Institute for Geophysics, Space Science and Astronomy at Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia. The MT dataset includes the original time series and processed transfer functions. The time series data are provided in the original raw data format with files to convert them to ascii. Raw and processed TEM data, collected with a Geonics PROTEM system, are included. We provide information on the locations and the processing and include the necessary instrument response functions and metadata to reproduce our results from the raw data.

Magnetotelluric and Transient Electromagnetic data from the Main Ethiopian Rift (NERC Grant NE/L013932/1)
This data set includes the original time series collected with broadband and long-period MT instruments during two field seasons in 2016 and 2017 by a team of researchers from the University of Edinburgh, UK and the Institute for Geophysics, Space Science and Astronomy at Addis Ababa university, Ethiopia. For the magnetotelluric stations, processed transfer functions are included in the edi file format. The time series data is provided both in the original raw data format and an ascii version. We provide information on the locations and the processing and include the necessary instrument response functions and metadata to reproduce our results from the raw data. For the TEM recordings, site coordinates and raw data are included in the original format.

Magnetotelluric data for the Halloween 2003 magnetic storm in the vicinity of Uppsala and Eskdalemuir geomagnetic observatories (synthesized using geomagnetic observatory data from INTERMAGNET) (NERC Grant NE/P016782/1)
Magnetotelluric data for the Halloween 2003 magnetic storm in the vicinity of Uppsala (UPS), Sweden and Eskdalemuir (ESK), Scotland geomagnetic observatories synthesized from geomagnetic observatory data from INTERMAGNET. The data were generated to facilitate comparison of the ground effects of the Halloween 2003 magnetic storm in Sweden and Scotland. The data demonstrate the greater risk of hazardous storm-time electric fields being generated in southern Sweden compared to central Scotland and are further described in the gold open access paper: F. Simpson and K. Bahr, 2020a. The role of tectonic-plate thickness and mantle conductance in determining regional vulnerability to extreme space weather events: possible enhancement of magnetic source fields by secondary induction in the asthenosphere. Space Weather, accepted, doi pending. The synthesis technique that enables electric fields to be estimated from geomagnetic observatory data is described and validated in the following gold open access papers: F. Simpson and K. Bahr, 2020b. Nowcasting and validating Earth's electric field response to extreme space weather events using magnetotelluric data: application to the September 2017 geomagnetic storm and comparison to observed and modelled fields in Scotland, Space Weather, 18, e2019SW002432, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019SW002432. F. Simpson and K. Bahr, 2020c. Estimating the electric field response to the Halloween 2003 and September 2017 magnetic storms across Scotland using observed geomagnetic fields, magnetotelluric impedances and perturbation tensors, JSWSC, swsc200019, 10, (48), https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2020049.

Magnetotelluric data from before, during and after the September 2017 magnetic storm at 7 sites in Scotland (NERC Grant NE/P016782/1)
Magnetotelluric (MT) time series including the September 2017 magnetic storm at 7 sites in the Scottish Highlands collected by Fiona Simpson (University of Southampton) and Karsten Bahr (University of Göttingen) using Göttingen RAP dataloggers, Magson fluxgate magnetometers and Filloux-type electrodes. Data acquisition methodology is described in F. Simpson and K. Bahr, 2005. Practical Magnetotellurics, Cambridge University Press, London pp. 254, 2005, ISBN: 9781108462556, DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511614095 This dataset is described in: F. Simpson and K. Bahr, 2020a. Nowcasting and validating Earth’s electric field response to extreme space weather events using magnetotelluric data: application to the September 2017 geomagnetic storm and comparison to observed and modelled fields in Scotland, Space Weather, accepted, doi pending. F. Simpson and K. Bahr, 2020b. Estimating the electric field response to the Halloween 2003 and September 2017 magnetic storms across Scotland using observed geomagnetic fields, magnetotelluric impedances and perturbation tensors, Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, accepted, doi pending.

Magnetotelluric mesurements
Digital recordings of variations of horizontal electric and magnetic fields and vertical magnetic component from mobile stations within magnetotelluric campaigns in area of the Czech Republic and the Slovakia.

Magnetotelluric time series for site Dalry (DAL) (NERC Grant NE/P017231/1)
Long period magnetotelluric (LMT) time series for site Dalry (DAL). Funded by NERC, grant number: NE/P017231/1 "Space Weather Impact on Ground-based Systems (SWIGS)". These data consist of measurements of the three cartesian components of the Earth’s natural magnetic field and the natural horizontal electric field at the site. The database will include .xyz files with the LMT data and one document with metadata.

Magnetotelluric time series for site Whiteadder (WHI) (NERC Grant NE/P017231/1)
Long period magnetotelluric (LMT) time series for site Whiteadder (WHI). Funded by NERC, grant number: NE/P017231/1 "Space Weather Impact on Ground-based Systems (SWIGS)". These data consist of measurements of the three cartesian components of the Earth’s natural magnetic field and the natural horizontal electric field at the site. The database will include .xyz files with the LMT data and one document with metadata. See Hübert, J., Beggan, C. D., Richardson, G. S., Martyn, T., & Thomson, A. W. P. (2020). Differential magnetometer measurements of geomagnetically induced currents in a complex high voltage network. Space Weather, 18, e2019SW002421. doi: 10.1029/2019SW002421 for further details.

Main faults and fault zones in Poland
The dataset contains the main faults and fault zones in Poland. The detail of the data corresponds to a scale of approximately 1: 500 000.

Major and trace element composition of whole-rock samples from breccias around Mauze and Nkalonje (NERC Grant NE/R013403/1)
The breccia units at the Songwe Hill / Mauze complex are located at, or close to, the contact between nepheline syenite and the surrounding country rock. They are small, the largest comprising an area no more than ~125 × 125 m, and occur at the top of small hills abutting the larger, steeper, Mauze mountain. Owing to sparse outcrop, many of the available samples are float. On the weathered surface, the rocks are buff-pink in colour, with local black Mn-oxide staining. Most samples are heavily altered and composed predominantly of clay minerals, after K-feldspar, and Fe- and Mn-oxide phases. Geological Magazine (2021) 158 (11): 2025-2041. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016756821000601

Major and trace element composition, and stable isotope data for whole-rock samples from alkaline rocks of the Chilwa Province
Major and trace element composition, and stable isotope data for whole-rock samples from alkaline rocks of the Chilwa Province. Samples collected between 2011-2021 in the Chilwa Alkaline Province, Malawi

Major and trace element data for glasses and melt inclusions from Midfell, Snaefellsjokull and Oraefajokull, Iceland (NERC Grant NE/P002331/1)
Major and trace element data for olivine- and plagioclase-hosted silicate melt inclusions, their host minerals, and associated matrix glasses, from Midfell, Snaefellsjokull and Oraefajokull, Iceland. Melt inclusion compositions are provided as measured, and corrected for post-entrapment crystallization. Reflected light images of the melt inclusions.

Major and trace elemental analysis of sulphide samples from the Beebe Vent Field (NERC grant NE/I012613/1)
Major and trace elemental analysis of sulphide samples from the Beebe Vent Field. Geographical area - Beebe Vent Field, Cayman Trough, 18°32.798N,81°43.092W

Major cation concentrations and sodium adsorption ratios for salt marsh sediment cores collected from Tillingham and Warton Sands, UK.
Concentration data used to calculate sodium adsorption ratios for sediments collected from Tilling Farm and Warton sands saltmarshes. Extracts for cation analysis were prepared using methods highlighted in Rowell 1994 and Chirol 2021 (SAR = [Na+] /([Ca2+] + [Mg2+])0.5 with the concentration in mmol-1). Final cation conentrations and dilutions were calculated using sediment mass in 'mass for SAR calc'. Quality control (QC) for ICP analysis are also provided. SAmples were collected from varying depths and in triplicate.

Major element analyses of whole rocks from Mt. St. Helens
Analyses of major elements (presented as weight percent oxide) in volcanic rocks from Mt. St. Helens, Washington, USA. The data table includes sample descriptions. More detailed sample descriptions are given in Blundy et al., (2008). Blundy, J., Cashman, K.V. and Berlo, K. (2008) Evolving magma storage conditions beneath Mount St. Helens inferred from chemical variations in melt inclusions from the 1980-1986 and current (2004-2006) eruptions, in: Sherrod, D.R., Scott, W.E., Stauffer, P.H. (Eds.), A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006, Reston, VA, pp. 755-790.

Makaopuhi statistics (NERC grant NERC Grant NE/J020877/2)
Scanned and annotated thin sections, in plane-polarised and cross-polarised light. Derivative statistical data for mineral grainsize and spatial distribution.

Malta PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Malta, Malta. It has been provided by CGG NPA Satellite Mapping as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Manganese isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Manganese (Mn), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Map based index (GeoIndex) 1:10000 series paper geological map availability
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows the location of available 1:10000 or 1:10560 series paper geological maps. Since the 1960s the standard large scale map for recording geological information has been the Ordnance Survey (OS) quarter sheet, covering a 5km by 5km area. The maps themselves are supplied in different formats depending on their age and the method of compliation or reproduction used. Only the latest and most up-to-date version is listed.

Map based index (GeoIndex) 1:50000 series paper geological map availability
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows the availability of 1:50000 series paper geological maps. For England and Wales (and Northern Ireland), map sheets normally cover an area 30 km east-west and 20 km north-south; in Scotland the coverage is 20 km east-west and 30 km north-south. The 1:50 000 geological map grids are based on an early Ordnance Survey 1:63 360 (one inch to one mile) scale map grid and are not related to the current Ordnance Survey 1:50 000 map sheets. Maps are normally available in both flat and folded formats.

Map based index (GeoIndex) Active Mines and Quarries
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows the location and name of active mineral workings in the UK and is derived from the BGS BritPits (British Pits) database. The BritPits database of onshore mineral workings in the UK is based on the records of the BGS, the Coal Authority, industry sources and the Valuation Office Agency (Minerals) and is maintained by the BGS Onshore Minerals and Energy Resources Programme. The database describes individual workings, both currently active and formerly worked, in terms of name, location (including Mineral Planning Authority), ownership, basic geology, commodity produced and end-uses. Contact details including the operator name, address, postcode and telephone and fax numbers are held where known. The location of over 6000 workings are held, with about 2000 currently being worked. The data can be produced digitally, under licence, in formats to meet customer requirements, such as locations of workings or operator addresses, and is suitable for use in GIS applications using the British National Grid. Although the GeoIndex is updated at regular intervals more information may be available than is shown at any one time.

Map based index (GeoIndex) Aquifer Vulnerability Maps
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows where aquifer vulnerability maps are available for England and Wales. These maps identify areas in which the groundwater resources require protection from potentially polluting activities. The maps are designed to be used by planners, developers, consultants and regulatory bodies to ensure that developments conform to the Policy and Practice of the Environment Agency for the protection of Groundwater. The Soil Survey, Land Research Centre and the British Geological Survey were commissioned by the Environment Agency to prepare 53 groundwater vulnerability maps at 1:100,000 scale. Currently we are unable to provide scanned copies of these maps due to Copyright restrictions. Please note that these maps are based on data from the late 1980's and early 1990's. More up-to-date digital data may now be available from the Environment Agency.

Map based index (GeoIndex) boreholes with geophysical logs
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows the location of onshore UK boreholes known to BGS that have digital or paper geophysical borehole logs. The details given for each borehole are, the name of the borehole, the grid reference and the format, ie. paper or digital. Scattered distribution of boreholes, locally dense coverage, few logs from Scotland. The GeoIndex is updated at regular intervals but more information may be available than is shown at any one time.

Map based index (GeoIndex) classical areas geological maps 1:25k
This layer of the GeoIndex shows the availability of 1:25000 scale Classical Areas Geological Maps. The maps themselves show the occurrence, nature and stratigraphic age of rocks. They are available for selected areas of outstanding geological interest in the United Kingdom, and in a number of versions (Solid, or Solid and Drift combined, Bedrock or Superficial). Maps are normally available in both flat and folded format. 1:25000 scale maps are also available for the Channel Islands. To order maps, take note of the map name and use the BGS Internet Shop.

Map based index (GeoIndex) Coal Authority digital geophysical logs
The map shows the location and names of boreholes with digital geophysical logs acquired by the former National Coal Board and British Coal during their exploration for coal in the UK. Ownership of UK coal exploration data was transferred to the Coal Authority (Coal Authority) following privatisation of the UK coal industry. The Coal Authority have appointed the British Geological Survey as custodian of this important national geological data archive. These data are in general publicly available; however, access to data within active mining licences is restricted in that it requires the consent of the mining licensee. The Coal Authority data archive includes digital data for some of the geophysical borehole logging. These are mainly in the form of original field tapes; however, also available are some data transcribed onto more modern media during BGS projects. The BGS will be pleased to provide information on data availability for named boreholes or within specified geographic areas, together with cost estimates and options for supplying copies.

Map based index (GeoIndex) Coal Authority seismic data
The map shows the location and line-identifiers of reflection seismic profiles acquired by the former National Coal Board and British Coal during their exploration for coal in the UK. Ownership of UK coal exploration data was transferred to the Coal Authority following privatisation of the UK coal industry. The Coal Authority have appointed the British Geological Survey as custodian of this important national geological data archive. These data are, in general, publicly available; however, access to data within active mining licences is restricted in that it requires the consent of the mining licensee. The Coal Authority data archive includes hardcopy and digital data for the reflection seismic profiles, such as film and paper prints, original field tapes, demultiplexed data, processed stacked data, navigation (location) data and observers' and surveyors' acquisition reports. But please note that not all data types are available for all profiles. The BGS will be pleased to provide information on data availability for named profiles or within specified geographic areas, together with cost estimates and options for supplying copies.

Map based index (GeoIndex) county maps 6inch
The index shows the availability of county series geological maps, 1:10560 scale. The maps themselves were produced on OS County Series sheets between approximately 1860 and 1960. The list indicates whether the map has been revised or re-surveyed and gives details of any later versions that have been produced. It is advisable to discuss your requirements before ordering or travelling to view these maps.

Map based index (GeoIndex) digital geological map availability 1:10k
This layer of the GeoIndex shows the location of available 1:10000 scale digital geological maps within Great Britain. The Digital Geological Map of Great Britain project (DiGMapGB) has prepared 1:625 000, 1:250 000 and 1:50 000 scale datasets for England, Wales and Scotland. The datasets themselves are available as vector data in a variety of formats in which they are structured into themes primarily for use in geographical information systems (GIS) where they can be integrated with other types of spatial data for analysis and problem solving in many earth-science-related issues. The DiGMapGB-10 dataset is as yet incomplete, current work is concentrated on extending the geographical cover, especially to cover high priority urban areas.

Map based index (GeoIndex) digital geological map availability 1:25k
This layer of the GeoIndex shows the location of available 1:25000 scale digital geological maps within Great Britain. The Digital Geological Map of Great Britain project (DiGMapGB) has prepared 1:625 000, 1:250 000 and 1:50 000 scale datasets for England, Wales and Scotland. The datasets themselves are available as vector data in a variety of formats in which they are structured into themes primarily for use in geographical information systems (GIS) where they can be integrated with other types of spatial data for analysis and problem solving in many earth-science-related issues. The DiGMapGB-10 dataset is as yet incomplete, current work is concentrated on extending the geographical cover, especially to cover high priority urban areas.

Map based index (GeoIndex) digital geological map availability 1:50k
This layer of the GeoIndex shows the location of available 1:50000 scale digital geological maps within Great Britain. The Digital Geological Map of Great Britain project (DiGMapGB) has prepared 1:625 000, 1:250 000 and 1:50 000 scale datasets for England, Wales and Scotland. The datasets themselves are available as vector data in a variety of formats in which they are structured into themes primarily for use in geographical information systems (GIS) where they can be integrated with other types of spatial data for analysis and problem solving in many earth-science-related issues. Most of the 1:50 000 scale geological maps for England & Wales and for Scotland are now available digitally as part of the DiGMapGB-50 dataset. It integrates geological information from a variety of sources. These include recent digital maps, older 'paper only' maps, and desk compilations for sheets with no published maps.

Map based index (GeoIndex) fossil localities
The map shows the localities of significant fossil samples, either collected by BGS Staff, or donated by individuals and institutions. The BGS fossil collections contain over 2 million specimens, including a sizeable quantity of type, figured and cited material. Since a small number of fossil locations are confidential, you are unable to view this dataset at large scales. However, if you send a data enquiry, such information may be made available. Enquiries are normally free, but a charge may be levied depending upon the time taken; users will be notified in advance. Material is available for inspection on application by e-mail. Specimens are sometimes available for loan to bona fide academics.

Map based index (GeoIndex) fossil localities 2
The map shows the localities of significant fossil samples, either collected by BGS Staff, or donated by individuals and institutions. The BGS fossil collections contain over 2 million specimens, including a sizeable quantity of type, figured and cited material. Since a small number of fossil locations are confidential, you are unable to view this dataset at large scales. However, if you send a data enquiry, such information may be made available. Enquiries are normally free, but a charge may be levied depending upon the time taken; users will be notified in advance. Material is available for inspection on application by e-mail. Specimens are sometimes available for loan to bona fide academics.

Map based index (GeoIndex) fossil specimens
This layer of the GeoIndex shows the localities for which details of identified fossil specimens in the BGS Biostratigraphy Museum are databased. Only Ordovician and Silurian specimens listed currently. Samples and taxonomic identifications will be listed and will in future be able to be queried using the query-by-attribute tool to the right of the map. See also Fossil Localities. Material is available for inspection on application by e-mail; it is free for academic research but is charged for commercial work. Specimens are sometimes available for loan to bona fide academics.

Map based index (GeoIndex) geochemical atlas areas
This layer of the map-based index (GeoIndex) shows the boundaries of the G-BASE (Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment) project mapping areas, which are reported as geochemical atlases. The majority of atlases are for stream sediment, with data on stream water and soil included where available. Separate stream sediment, soil and stream water atlases have been published for Wales. Hard copy atlases are available for Shetland, Orkney, South Orkney and Caithness, Sutherland, Hebrides, Great Glen, East Grampians, Argyll, Southern Scotland, Lake District, NE England, NW England and N Wales and Wales. Digital atlases/map products are available for the Clyde Basin, Central England, London Region and SW England. National digital atlas products are available also.

Map based index (GeoIndex) geochemical samples
The map shows the location of excess sample materials from the G-BASE (Geochemical Baseline Survey Of The Environment) geochemistry project:- stream sediments, panned heavy mineral concentrates and soils are stored long term in the National Geoscience Data Centre and are available for use in other projects. The Minerals Programme (incorporating the Mineral Reconnaissance Programme) sample collection contains reference samples of drill cores, rocks, tills, soils, stream sediments and panned concentrates. These samples were collected in the period 1974 - to date in mineralised and potentially mineralised areas of the United Kingdom, principally in the northern and western Britain.

Map based index (GeoIndex) geological memoirs
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows areas covered by explanatory sheet Memoirs, along with basic information such as memoir title and publication date. The memoirs themselves,compiled by BGS geologists, date from the late 1890s to present day and provide a comprehensive and detailed account of all aspects of the geology of the areas covered by the 1:50,000 (and 1:63,360) map series. Some memoirs may cover more than one geological sheet area and a few cover key geological themes (eg Jurassic rocks) across a large region. Sheet Descriptions are fully colour-illustrated, shortened accounts of the geology that are available for some of the newer published geological sheets.

Map based index (GeoIndex) gravity anomalies
This low-resolution image has been produced from BGS land and marine gravity data. The colour was generated using the BGS COLMAP software package. Colour levels are defined by histogram equalisation. Combining this image with the grey shaded relief image produces a similar image to the colour shaded relief image. The measured gravity values have been corrected in order to show the anomalies attributable to variations in crustal density. In broad terms the blues are attributable to large volumes of low density rocks, the reds to high density rocks. Significant lows occur, for instance, over areas of thick, low density sedimentary rocks(e.g. Cheshire Basin, Wessex Basin), or large granites (eg Cornwall). For marine data, free-air anomalies have been calculated from observed gravity values along marine survey lines. Line intersection errors between crossing lines and overlapping surveys have been used using network adjustment techniques. Free air anomalies have been calculated for sea-bottom stations. For land data, bouguer anomalies have been calculated from gravity observations at points of known height. In order to minimise the effect of topography, Bouguer corrections for the British Mainland have been applied using a density estimated for each station. Elsewhere a correction density of 2.67 Mg/m3 has been used. Corrections for the gravitational effect of terrain have been made where significant, and in a general extent to a radius of 48.6km. The data have been interpolated onto a 1km x 1km grid using a variable tension technique, and smoothed.

Map based index (GeoIndex) gravity readings
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows the location of land and marine gravity observations on the UK mainland, Northern Ireland, offshore islands, tidal estuaries and seabed. Most of the surveys were carried out by the BGS but the database includes data originally acquired by other organisations and subsequently given to the BGS to be managed as part of the national archive. Complete coverage of the UK mainland with a station density of 1-2 stations per square kilometre. Unadjusted ship gravity, magnetic and bathymetry data acquired by BGS as part of its Offshore Reconnaisance Mapping Programme. Unadjusted ship gravity, magnetic and bathymetry data acquired by BGS as part of its Offshore Reconnaisance Mapping Programme. This programme commenced in 1967, and was funded mainly by the Department of Energy. Marine gravity readings are from unadjusted ship gravity and bathymetry data from various commercial and academic surveys between 1965 and 1994. Confidential M.O.D Hydrographic Office integrated ship gravity and magnetics surveys of NW Europe marine areas for which BGS acts as agent. Network adjusted gravity and magnetic compilations of data from BGS and non-BGS sources.

Map based index (GeoIndex) high resolution airborne surveys
The high-resolution airborne surveys shown on the map based index (GeoIndex) are classed as those flown with low terrain clearance (typically below 200m) and flight line spacing of less than 300m. The surveys were flown with various combinations of magnetic, radiometric and EM techniques, and include; Surveys flown for the DTI mineral reconnaissance programme, Commercial surveys flown for mineral exploration and subsequently donated to the BGS and Surveys flown for the BGS for research and other purposes.

Map based index (GeoIndex) hydrocarbon well locations (UK onshore)
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows the location of hydrocarbon wells known to BGS. Exploration for hydrocarbons by drilling began in the 19th century and locations were recorded in latitude/longitude until about 1960. These locations have been converted to national grid. The majority of the wells have formed part of basin studies by BGS and are therefore reliably located. There may be some discrepancies in location data between various databases, originating from project modifications and which original source was preferred.

Map based index (GeoIndex) hydrogeological maps
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows the location of available Hydrogeological Maps which have been published at various scales, covering areas ranging in size from the whole of England and Wales, Northern Ireland and to Jersey. They display information on surface water features, the three dimensional geometry of aquifers, groundwater levels, abstractions and quality including saline intrusion in varying amounts of detail.

Map based index (GeoIndex) landslides
Information for this layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) is taken from the BGS National Landslide Database (NLD), which holds over 15000 records of landslides and is the definitive source of landslide information for Great Britain (excludes Northern Ireland, Isle of Man and the Channel Islands). Each landslide within the National Landslide Database is identified by a National Landslide Database ID number and a point location, as shown on this map. The National Landslide Database ID number represents an individual survey of a landslide, rather than just the landslide itself. This is because there could be several phases of movement within or extensions to the same landslide, particularly if it is a large and complex one. Subsequent surveys of the same landslide may be recorded in the database with the same National Landslide Database ID number but with a new Survey Number. Other information given for each record include; Landslide name, grid reference and whether the landslide record has been validated by the BGS Landslides Team. The point symbols at the designated location do not reflect the size and shape of the corresponding landslide, but just denote the recorded presence of a landslide within a range of accuracy.

Map based index (GeoIndex) local geophysical surveys, survey lines and survey points
An index to over 600 ground geophysical surveys carried out in the UK for a variety of projects. A large number of these surveys were done in conjunction with the DTI Mineral Reconnaissance Programme in the 1970's and 80's, and many others were carried out at the request of BGS field mapping groups. Information held describes the survey objective, location of measurements, geophysical methods and equipment used, reports and publications, storage locations of data and results (for analogue and digital data), dates and personnel. There are two datasets; one shows the outline of the survey areas, and the other shows the actual survey lines within each area.

Map based index (GeoIndex) magnetic anomalies
This low-resolution image has been produced from BGS airborne and marine magnetic data. The colour was generated using the BGS COLMAP software package. Colour levels are defined by histogram equalisation. Combining this image with the grey shaded relief image produces a similar image to the colour shaded relief image. A published coloured shaded relief map, using the full resolution of the data and produced at a scale of 1: 1500 000, is available. The map covers a larger area than this image, and includes additional data from other sources. The data used to compile this image are available in various forms for academic and commercial licensing. The data from surveys covering the UK mainland have been digitised from their original analogue form. Elsewhere data were acquired digitally. Standard methods of processing were used to remove diurnal and secular variations and to minimise line intersection errors. While efforts have been made to remove artefacts from the data, some may remain between adjacent datasets. Generally anomalies over man-made structures have not been removed. The data have been interpolated onto a 1km x 1km grid using a variable tension technique, and smoothed.

Map based index (GeoIndex) mineral assessment reports
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows the location of available Mineral Assessment Reports, the information for the index has been taken from the BGS UK Sand and Gravel Database. Each report studied the sand and gravel resources of an area of between one hundred and two hundred square kilometres. This layer shows individual polygons of the geographical areas covered by each report. Selecting the individual polygons via the map based index (GeoIndex) application gives details of the corresponding report title, number, author(s), subtitle and the date report was first published. The Department of the Environment commissioned this Report series from the British Geological Survey.

Map based index (GeoIndex) mineral occurrences
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows the locations of known mines, mineral showings and localities, including sites where minerals of economic interest have been identified in panned concentrates. The information for the index is taken from the Mineral Occurrence Database. The Mineral Occurrence Database holds information on mineral occurrences in the UK including locations of known mines, deposits, prospects and mineral showings, including sites where minerals of potential economic interest have been identified in panned concentrates. Data is normally taken from published sources or from internal BGS records, such as field sheets, rock and stream sediment collection cards. Data compilation started ca. 1994 and the database currently holds about 13 000 records, but details of many more old workings and occurrences remain to be added.

Map based index (GeoIndex) mineral reconnaissance programme borehole rock samples
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) providex an index to 17,500 borehole rock samples (drillcore) from the Mineral Reconnaissance Programme (MRP) and related studies. The UK Government's Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) funded BGS to provide baseline information on areas prospective for the occurrence of metallic minerals in Great Britain. This programme, known as the MRP, ran continuously from 1973 to 1997 and covered particular locations across Great Britain. It was designed to stimulate private sector exploration and to encourage the development of Britain's indigenous mineral resources. Under the programme a number of boreholes were drilled to gather information.

Map based index (GeoIndex) mineral reconnaissance programme reports
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows the locations of the Mineral Reconnaissance Programme Reports within Great Britain. The Mineral Reconnaissance Programme (MRP), funded by the Department for Trade and Industry (DTI), carried out mineral exploration reconnaissance in Great Britain between 1972 and 1997. The programme provided geological, geochemical, geophysical, mineralogical and metallogenic information on prospective areas in Britain. Work was carried out at various scales, from regional reconnaissance surveys or appraisal, to the drilling of a geochemical or geophysical anomaly. Projects were multidisciplinary, and used a combination of tried and tested methods, together with innovative techniques arising from research and development programmes. By the end of the Programme in 1997, 146 MRP reports had been issued covering localities across the UK. The programme was very successful in that more than half the projects reported attracted significant commercial follow-up resulting in the discovery of many new prospects. The reports themselves are being made available, for free, to downlaod over the next twelve months.

Map based index (GeoIndex) modern and historical recorded earthquakes
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows the location of earthquakes within the UK. The historical catalogue has been compiled, in general, from macroseismic observations (ie felt effects). Before 1700, only earthquakes with magnitudes of 4.0 ML or greater are included. After 1700, all known events with magnitudes of 3.0 ML or greater are included together with some other, smaller ones. Accuracies of magnitude, location, and origin time vary with the quality of information available for this period as they do for instrumental measurements in the post 1970 period. In that case, variations are largely a function of the seismograph station coverage, which has been improving up to the present day.

Map based index (GeoIndex) offshore geophysical survey lines
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows the path the survey ship took whilst undertaking the ship gravity, magnetic and bathymetry survey. This index is based on data from approximately 350,000 line kilometres of multi-instrument geophysical survey lines. The data itself includes seismic, sonar, magnetic, gravity, echo sounder, multibeam bathymetry and navigation data, both in digital and analogue format. The data were primarily collected by BGS and the collection also includes additional third party data.

Map based index (GeoIndex) offshore hydrocarbon wells
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows the location, with basic metadata, of selected DECC (Department of Energy & Climate Change) offshore hydrocarbon wells. The source data for this layer was downloaded from the DECC website at www.og.decc.gov.uk/information/maps_offshore.htm. These are DECC owned data and information and supply of the actual data is through the DECC release agents.

Map based index (GeoIndex) offshore seabed samples
The data shows the location of seabed and sub-seabed samples collected from the UK continental shelf, held by BGS. A BGS Sample Station is a general location at which sampling with one or more equipment types, such as borehole, grab, dredge, has been used. Historically, all deployment of equipment was recorded with the same coordinates so the data shown here will often show several sets of data at the same location. Newer data will begin to show distinct locations based on an equipment type. This layer shows all the BGS Sample Station Locations, including those where the Sampling was unsuccessful. The layers below are divided into distinct equipment types, plus a separate layer for unsuccessful sampling. BGS Sample Station Locations can have a wide range of potential information available. This can vary from a basic description derived from a simple piece of paper up to a complex set of information with a number of datasets. These datasets can include particle size analysis, geotechnical parameters, detailed marine geology, geochemical analysis and others. Prices are available on further enquiry.

Map based index (GeoIndex) old series 1 inch geological maps
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows the availability of 1:63360 scale geological maps. The maps are available for most of England and Wales and show early geological mapping covering the OS Old Series one inch map sheet areas.

Map based index (GeoIndex) onshore borehole records
This layer of the Map based index (GeoIndex) shows the location of records of boreholes, shafts and wells from all forms of drilling and site investigation work. Some 850,000 records dating back over 200 years and ranging from one to several thousand metres deep. Currently some 50,000 new records are being added to the collection each year. The dataset available via the GeoIndex is a snapshot, taken at a particular date, of the Single Onshore Borehole Index. Although the GeoIndex is updated at regular intervals more information may be available than is shown.

Map based index (GeoIndex) onshore borehole samples
This layer of the Map based index (GeoIndex) shows the location of registered samples of drillcore and washed cuttings from onshore boreholes drilled in UK by BGS, commercial and public bodies, representing almost 10,000 boreholes. There is also a drillcore collection taken from onshore boreholes drilled in England and Wales by the BGS and commercial and public bodies.

Map based index (GeoIndex) onshore drillcore
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows the location of drillcore, bulk specimens, unwashed cuttings and processed material from onshore boreholes drilled in UK by BGS, commercial and public bodies. The majority of borehole cores and samples are available for study and sub-sampling by bona fide academics and commercial companies. Commercial companies are charged for access; academics will need to complete an academic waiver form.

Map based index (GeoIndex) opencast coal prospecting areas
The map based index includes outlines for some 8,000 opencast coal prospecting sites dating from the 1940s until the mid 1990s. The index leads to information on the records of some 1 million boreholes (additional to those shown in the Borehole Records layer) drilled during site exploration and also the accompanying plans and other data, all filed in 3,618 boxes. The sites include those that have been drilled and not worked and also those that have been exploited. The original data, hardcopy maps, were received from the Coal Authority in 2001.

Map based index (GeoIndex) panned drainage sediment
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows the locations of panned drainage sediment samples. At most drainage sampling sites a panned heavy mineral concentrate is collected from the <2mm sediment fraction using a wooden dulang pan. For the Mineral Reconnaissance Programme these pans would be routinely analysed for mineral exploration purposes. The G-BASE project collects them at every drainage site but does not routinely submit them for chemical analyses and the samples are archived. Usually they are inspected when collected with a hand lens and the presence of mineralisation or contamination is recorded in the site information on field cards. The MRP has collected heavy mineral concentrates from some 33,000 drainage sites and analysed these for a variety of elements (predominantly by XRFS) including Ag, As, Au, Ba, Bi, Ca, Ce, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, Sr, Ti, U, V, W, Zn and Zr.

Map based index (GeoIndex) profile soil
Profile soil analyses are available from a number of BGS programmes, notably the Mineral Reconnaissance Programme (MRP) and the Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment (G-BASE) programme. Sampling depth and range of analytes determined is very variable for the MRP. G-BASE samples are consistently from 35 - 50 cm though since 2003 it has become routine practice in the G-BASE project to collect a top soil and deeper profile sample from the same site but only analyses the top soil and store the profile soil. This also applies in urban areas. The G-BASE profile soils were generally sieved to 150 microns before analysis and determined by XRFS for some or all of: Mg, P, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, V, Cr, Co, Ba, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Pb, Bi, Th, U, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Cs, La, Ce, Ge, Sc, Se, Br, Hf, Ta, W, Tl, Te and I. MRP samples can include profile samples from greater than 1 meter collected using a power auger and also include till samples. The G-BASE samples are collected at a density of 1 sample per two square kilometres in rural areas and 4 samples every kilometre square in urban areas. MRP sampling was more site specific generally collecting soil samples along lines at spacing intervals generally 25 - 250 m.

Map based index (GeoIndex) regional airborne magnetic surveys and flight lines
The surveys shown on the map based index (GeoIndex) include; Analogue airborne magnetic surveys of Great Britain for the Geological Survey (GSGB), commercial analogue survey of North Sea by Aeroservices Inc, subsequently digitised by BGS, commercial digital (+ one analogue) surveys off NW/N/NE of Britain by Huntings Geology and Geophysics, purchased outright by BGS and Local surveys, digital and analogue aeromagnetic (+ other methods) surveys for BGS and commercial companies.

Map based index (GeoIndex) rock
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows the locations of over 12,500 rock samples from the land area of the United Kingdom gathered as part of the Mineral Reconnaissance Programme (MRP). The Mineral Reconnaissance Programme (MRP), funded by the DTI, carried out baseline mineral exploration in Great Britain between 1972 and 1997. The programme has been subsumed into the new BGS Minerals Programme, also funded by the DTI. The rock samples have been analysed for a variety of major and trace elements, mainly by XRF.

Map based index (GeoIndex) rock samples
The map shows the localities where samples that form part of the BGS rock collections have been taken. Many of these samples are from surface exposure, and were collected by BGS geologists during the course of geological mapping programmes. Others are from onshore boreholes or from mine and quarry workings. The principal collections are the E (England and Wales), S (Scotland), N (continuation of the S collection) and the MR (miscellaneous). The collections, which are held at the BGS offices at Keyworth (Nottingham) and Edinburgh, comprise both hand specimens and thin sections, although in individual samples either may not be immediately available. Users may also note that the BGS holds major collections of borehole cores and hand specimens as well as over a million palaeontological samples. The Britrocks database provides an index to these collections. With over 120,000 records, it now holds data for some 70% of the entire collections, including the UK samples shown in this application as well as rocks from overseas locations and reference minerals. The collections are continuously being added to and sample records from archived registers are also being copied into the electronic database. Map coverage is thin in some areas where copying from original paper registers has not been completed. Further information on Britrocks samples in these and other areas can be obtained from the Chief Curator at the BGS Keyworth (Nottingham) office or from the rock curator at the BGS Murchison House (Edinburgh) office.

Map based index (GeoIndex) site investigation reports
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows the location of site reports covering a wide range of drilling and site investigation work. Some 2000 reports include the logs from over 10 000 boreholes in addition to those held in the borehole index. The rectangles shown are drawn using the SW and NE corners of the site maps.

Map based index (GeoIndex) stream sediment
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows the locations where stream sediment samples are collected under the G-BASE (Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment) programme at an average density of approximately one site per 1.5 km square. Analytical data for the minus 150 micron fraction of stream sediment samples are available for some or all of the following elements by a variety of analytical methods (now predominantly XRFS): Mg, P, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, V, Cr, Co, Ba, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Pb, Bi, Th, U, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Cs, La, Ce, Ge, Sc, Se, Br, Hf, Ta, W, Tl, Te and I. Stream sediment samples were also collected by the now defunct MRP programme and analytical data for the minus 150 micron fraction of samples is available for a variety of elements including Ag, As, Au, Ba, Bi, Ca, Ce, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, Sr, Ti, U, V, W, Zn and Zr. Some of the MRP samples may have undergone several stages of analysis, some for inclusion in the G-BASE project. The samples may have been assigned a different sample number but will plot at the same site. Data is available for most Great Britain, apart from some parts of Southern England which have yet to be surveyed.

Map based index (GeoIndex) stream water
Water samples have predominantly been collected by the G-BASE (Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment) project at an average sampling density of one sample per 1.5 km square. Samples have been collected from approximately 85% of Great Britain but it is only from Wales and Humber-Trent southwards that a wide range of analytes have been determined. Currently G-BASE stream water samples collected from high order streams are determined by ICP-AES for 27 elements - Sr, Cd, Ba, Si, Mn, Fe, P, S (as SO42-), B, Mg, V, Na, Mo, Al, Be, Ca, Zn, Cu, Pb, Li, Zr, Co, Ni, Y, La, K and Cr; and by quadrupole ICP-MS for 24 trace elements - Li, Be, Al, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, As, Rb, Y, Zr, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ba, La, Ce, Tl, Pb, Th and U. Automated colorimetric methods are used to determine Cl and NO3- and ion selective electrode is used to determine F. Waters are also analysed for non-purgeable organic carbon (NPOC) to determine dissolved organic carbon content. All samples have routinely been analysed for pH, conductivity and bicarbonate. Much of the UK coverage also includes uranium and fluoride analyses.

Map based index (GeoIndex) technical reports
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) provides an index to a sub set of the BGS Report Series. The reports themselves describe the local geology and are designed to be read in conjunction with their complementary map or maps. Additional information such as hydrogeology, engineering geology, geological hazards, economic minerals and made and worked ground or other specialist topics of local interest may be included.

Map based index (GeoIndex) top soil
This layer shows data collected mainly by the Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment (G-BASE) programme. Geochemical data are available for soil samples for the Humber-Trent and East Anglia atlas areas (see the Geochemical atlas areas layer). Samples for East Midlands and part of Southeast England have been collected and are currently either undergoing analysis or data conditioning. More than twenty urban areas have also been sampled and top soil analyses are available for these urban areas (Belfast, Cardiff, Corby, Coventry, Derby, Doncaster, Glasgow, Hull, Ipswich, Leicester, Lincoln, Manchester, Mansfield, Northampton, Nottingham, Peterborough, Scunthorpe, Sheffield, Swansea, Stoke, Telford, Wolverhampton and York). Regional samples are collected at an average density of one site per 2 square kilometres, urban sampling is at a density of 4 samples per square kilometre. Top soil samples are collected at a depth of 5 - 20cm. It is sieved through a 2mm mesh and milled to less than 150 microns. The data include analyses for some or all of the following elements by XRFS: Mg, P, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, V, Cr, Co, Ba, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Pb, Bi, Th, U, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Cs, La, Ce, Ge, Sc, Se, Br, Hf, Ta, W, Tl, Te and I. Loss on Ignition (LOI) and pH (in a slurry of 0.01 M CaCl2 ) is now routinely determined on 50% of regional and all urban samples.

Map based index (GeoIndex) UK Onshore Geophysical Library (UKOGL)
The UK Onshore Geophysical Library was established in 1994 in conjunction with the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) and the UK Onshore Operators Group (UKOOG). The Library manages the archive and official release of seismic data recorded over landward areas of the UK. By agreement with the DTI and HMSO, the Library operates as a registered charity, funded by revenues raised from data sales and donations, with the long term objective of bringing all available UK onshore digital seismic data into secure archival storage, whilst providing efficient access to all interested parties. BGS has access to the data at cost of copying only for science budget work. Data index on the BGS Geoscience Data Index.

Map based index (GeoIndex) urban geochemical reports
This layer displays the urban areas for which there is an "urban geochemical mapping" report. An integral part of the G-BASE (Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment) mapping programme is to map and establish the soil geochemical baselines of urban areas. These data provide unique soil chemical information for the urban environment and are used to; assess the condition of soils within populated areas, identify and quantify human impact on soils in urban areas through comparison with the rural, natural soil geochemical background and Indicate elevated concentrations of potential harmful elements. 27 urban areas which have been sampled by the project to date.These include Glasgow, Nottingham, Ipswich and Cardiff.

Map based index (GeoIndex) UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator) series 1:250000 Geological Maps
This layer of the Map based index (GeoIndex) shows the location of available UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator) series 1:250000 geological maps. These maps display Bedrock, Quaternary (Superficial deposits) geology of the offshore areas and Seabed Sediments of the UK landmass and offshore regions. The different versions are normally published as separate maps for land areas, but these may be combined on a single map for offshore areas. Maps are normally available in flat and folded format. The UTM Series (Universal Transverse Mercator projection) maps cover an area of 1deg. latitude by 2deg. longitude.

Map based index (GeoIndex) water wells
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) is a map based index of the National Well Record Archive. This index shows the location of water wells along with basic information such as well name, depth and date of drilling. The index is based on the collection of over 105,000 paper records of water wells, springs and water boreholes. Geological information, construction details, water quality data and hydrogeological data may also be available for some water wells. The amount of detail held on individual sites varies widely and certain fields will have an 'unknown' value where the paper records have yet to be checked for their content. The zero values for the depth represent those for which the depth has yet to be entered into the database from the paper records.

Map based index (GeoIndex) water wells with aquifer property measurements
This layer of the Map based index (GeoIndex) shows where water wells exist with data available on transmissivity, storativity and discharge/drawdown. These parameters indicate the physical characteristics of the aquifer which can relate to factors such as possible storage capacities or rate of movement of water through the rock.

Map based index (GeoIndex) water wells with water level measurements
This layer of the map based index (GeoIndex) shows sites where regularly monitored rest water level data are available, usually covering a long time period. The data shows seasonal fluctuations in the water table and responses to periods of high or low rainfall.

Map of cobalt occurrences in Europe
Spatial distribution of occurrences of Cobalt in Europe and respective genetic types.

Map of graphite occurrences in Europe
Spatial distribution of occurrences of Graphite in Europe and respective genetic types.

Map of lithium occurrences in Europe
Spatial distribution of occurrences of Lithium in Europe and respective genetic types.

Map of niobium mineralisations in Europe
Spatial distribution of mineralisations of niobium in Europe and respective genetic types.

Map of radon index 1 : 500,000 (GEOCR500)
Radon Risk Map of the Bedrock at 1 : 500,000 scale. This map shows the prevailing radon index of different types of bedrock: 1. Low (Mesozoic and Tertiary sediments), 2. Intermediate (Quaternary sediments), 3. Medium ( Metamorphic rocks and Palaeozoic sediments), 4. High (Magmatic rocks, except for the Pre-Variscan granitoids – medium index), 5. Tectonic features, 6. Boundaries of regions

Map of rocks and industrial minerals of the South Portuguese Zone. Scale 1/400.000. 2020 edition.
Rocks and industrial minerals map of the South Portuguese Zone in which on the harmonized geological base, with unified criteria between Spain and Portugal, the main non-metallic mineral occurrences and nonmetallic and industrial mineral mines in the area have been represented , indicating its status (active, abandoned or intermittent), size, use and substance. This cartography is a product resulting from the GEO_FPI project: GEO_FPI: cross-border observatory for the geo-economic evaluation of the Iberian Pyrite Belt, financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) within the program INTERREG V-A Spain– Portugal (POCTEP) 2014-2020. The main beneficiary of the project is the Geological Survey of Spain (IGME). Additionally, the General Directorate of Industry, Energy and Mines of the Ministry of Employment, Enterprise and Commerce of the Andalusian Government (JA) and the Portuguese National Laboratory for Energy and Geology (LNEG) and the Municipal Chamber of Aljustrel (CMA) are partners of the project.

Map of tantalum mineralisations in Europe
Spatial distribution of mineralisations of tantalum in Europe and respective genetic types.

Mapa Geologiczna Bałtyku w skali 1:200 000 – osady powierzchniowe
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia mapę geologiczną Bałtyku w skali 1:200 000 - osady powierzchniowe. Podstawą wyróżnienia typów osadów była klasyfikacja F.P. Sheparda. Zbiór danych zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology – Geologic Map.

Mapa Geologiczna Bałtyku w skali 1:200 000 – osady w podłożu
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia mapę geologiczną Bałtyku w skali 1:200 000 - osady w podłożu. Podstawą wyróżnienia typów osadów była klasyfikacja F.P. Sheparda. Zbiór danych zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology – Geologic Map.

Mapa Geologiczna Polski
Zharmonizowane zbiory danych map geologicznych Polski w skali co najmniej 1:500 000. Zbiór danych zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology – Geologic Map.

Marcacocha palaeoenvironmental proxy dataset (NERC grant NE/J014206/1)
Concentration and accumulation palaeoenvironmental proxy data derived from a 6.3m sedimentary core drilled at Marcacocha, a present-day wetland (formerly a small lake) located at 3355m above sea-level in the Cordillera Oriental of the Peruvian Andes. Multi-proxy analysis of the sediments at decadal to sub-decadal temporal resolution has provided detailed datasets that include sedimentology, palynology, geochemistry, plant macrofossils, diatoms and oribatid mite remains (Chepstow-Lusty et al., 2003, 2007, 2009; Sterken et al., 2006). Select data are presented here relating to the uppermost 1.9m of the sequence (ca. the last 1200 years). The data relate specifically to: Chepstow-Lusty, A., Frogley, M.R., Baker, A.S. Comparison of Sporormiella dung fungal spores and oribatid mites as indicators of large herbivore presence: evidence from the Cuzco region of Peru. J. Arch. Sci. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2018.12.006 Chepstow-Lusty, A., Bennett, K., Fjeldså, J., Kendall, A., Galiano, W., Tupayachi Herrera, A., 1998. Tracing 4000 years of environmental history in the Cuzco area, Peru, from the pollen record. Mt. Res. Dev. 18, 159–172. Chepstow-Lusty, A., Frogley, M.R., Bauer, B.S., Bush, M.B., Tupayachi Herrera, A., 2003. A late Holocene record of arid events from the Cuzco region, Peru. J. Quat. Sci. 18, 491–502. Chepstow-Lusty, A., Frogley, M.R., Bauer, B.S., Leng, M., Cundy, A., Boessenkool, K.P., Gioda, A., 2007. Evaluating socio-economic change in the Andes using oribatid mite abundances as indicators of domestic animal densities. J. Arch. Sci. 34, 1178–1186. Chepstow-Lusty, A.J., Frogley, M.R., Bauer, B., Leng, M.J., Boessenkool, K.P., Carcaillet, C., Ali, A.A., Gioda, A., 2009. Putting the rise of the Inca empire within a climatic and land management context. Clim. Past 5, 1–14. Sterken, M., Sabbe, K., Chepstow-Lusty, A., Frogley, M., Vanhoutte, K., Verleyen, E., Cundy, A., Vyverman, W., 2006. Climate and land-use changes in the Cuzco region (Cordillera Oriental, South East Peru) during the last 1200 years: a diatom based reconstruction. Arch. Hydrobiol. 165, 289–312.

Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2003/3_MEPF: MALSF Outer Bristol Channel Marine Habitat Study (30/Oct/2003 to 14/Nov/2003)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place during October/November 2003 in the Outer Bristol Channel aboard the RV Prince Madog. Netsurvey Ltd were commissioned to provide multibeam services. This survey was undertaken for the Outer Bristol Channel Marine Habitat Study (OBCMHS) as part of a series of five surveys. The OBCMHS was principally funded by the Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund, MALSF, (administered in Wales by the Welsh Assembly Government), the Sustainable Land Won and Marine Dredged Aggregate Minerals Programme of the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM), administered by Mineral Industry Research Organisation (MIRO), with contributions from others. Sea floor data collected were high-resolution multibeam bathymetry and side-scan sonar (on selected lines). Subsurface data were gathered using a surface tow boomer (on selected lines). The multibeam data collected on this survey were later merged with data from the 2004 survey and this combined dataset is available with the 2004 survey. Most of the data were recorded digitally. Some paper records were also generated also. These data are archived with the MEDIN Data Archive Centres (DAC), including the BGS DAC for geology and geophysics and the UKHO DAC for bathymetry data. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Cruise report IR/04/012 ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/509269/) and BGS Cruise report IR/05/082 ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/11121/). For further information on the surveys and general information on the OBCMHS see the final report (Mackie et al, 2006. BIOMOR Reports 4:ISBN 0-7200-0569-8).

Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2004/4_MEPF: MALSF Outer Bristol Channel Marine Habitat Study (18/Aug/2004 to 28/Aug/2004)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place during August 2004 in the Outer Bristol Channel aboard the RV Prince Madog. Netsurvey Ltd were commissioned to provide multibeam services. This survey was undertaken for the Outer Bristol Channel Marine Habitat Study (OBCMHS) as part of a series of five surveys. The OBCMHS was principally funded by the Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund, MALSF, (administered in Wales by the Welsh Assembly Government), the Sustainable Land Won and Marine Dredged Aggregate Minerals Programme of the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM), administered by Mineral Industry Research Organisation (MIRO), with contributions from others. Sea floor data collected were high-resolution multibeam bathymetry and side-scan sonar (on selected lines). Subsurface data were gathered using a surface tow boomer (on selected lines). The multibeam data adds to the data collected on a previous survey in 2003 and multibeam products include data from the 2003 survey. Most of the data were recorded digitally. Some paper records were also generated also. These data are archived with the MEDIN Data Archive Centres (DAC), including the BGS DAC for geology and geophysics and the UKHO DAC for bathymetry data. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Cruise report IR/05/082 ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/11121/). For further information on the surveys and general information on the OBCMHS see the final report (Mackie et al, 2006. BIOMOR Reports 4:ISBN 0-7200-0569-8).

Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2005/3_MEPF: MALSF Eastern English Channel Marine Habitat Map Study (27/May/2005 to 26/Jun/2005)
This Gardline marine geophysical survey took place during May/June 2005 in the Eastern English Channel aboard the MV Tridens. This survey was undertaken for the Eastern English Channel Marine Habitat Map study (EECMHM) as part of a series of four surveys. The EECMHM study was funded by the Marine Environment Protection Fund (MEPF) a marine component of the Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF). Sea floor data collected were high-resolution multibeam bathymetry, echosounder and side-scan sonar. Subsurface data were gathered using a Surface Tow Boomer. Most of the data were recorded digitally. Some paper records were also generated also. These data are archived with the MEDIN Data Archive Centres (DACs), including the BGS DAC for geology and geophysics and the UKHO DAC for bathymetry data. For further information on the surveys and general information on the EECMHM see the final report (James et al, 2007. Cefas Science Series Technical Report No. 139).

Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2006/6_MEPF: MALSF Eastern English Channel Marine Habitat Map Study (24/Feb/2006 to 06/Mar/2006)
This CEFAS marine geophysical survey took place in February/March 2006 in the Eastern English Channel aboard the RV CEFAS Endeavour. This survey was undertaken for the Eastern English Channel Marine Habitat Map study (EECMHM) as part of a series of four surveys. The EECMHM study was funded by the Marine Environment Protection Fund (MEPF) a marine component of the Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF). The purpose of this survey was to infill between lines completed during a previous survey in 2005. Sea floor data were collected using an EM3000 multibeam bathymetry system. Backscatter data were collected using sidescan sonar system. These data are archived with the MEDIN Data Archive Centres (DACs), including the BGS DAC for geology and geophysics and multibeam bathymetry data are available from the UKHO Bathy DAC, Where Hardcopy records exist these have been archived by CEFAS. Cruise summary report available: For further information on the surveys and general information on the EECMHM see the final report (James et al, 2007. Cefas Science Series Technical Report No. 139).

Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2007/11_MEPF: MALSF South Coast Regional Environmental Characterisation Project: South Coast (01/Jun/2007 to 24/Jul/2007)
This Gardline marine geophysical survey took place during June/July 2007 along the south coast of England around the Isle of Wight aboard the MV Confidante. This survey was undertaken for the South Coast Regional Environmental Characterisation (REC). This study was funded by the Marine Environment Protection Fund (MEPF) a marine component of the Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF). The study was conducted in two parts, with this survey covering the geophysical data. Sea floor data collected were high-resolution multibeam bathymetry, backscatter, magnetometer and side-scan sonar. Subsurface data were gathered using a Surface Tow Boomer. Most of the data were recorded digitally. These data are archived with the MEDIN Data Archive Centres (DACs), including the BGS DAC for geology and geophysics. Technical details of the survey are contained in Gardline Report 7261.

Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2008/4_MEPF: MALSF East Coast Regional Environmental Characterisation Project (28/Sep/2008 to 30/Oct/2008)
This survey took place in September - November 2008 east of East Anglia. The survey was undertaken in joint collaboration between the British Geological Survey, the Centre for Ecology, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS) and Wessex Archaeology. The aims of the R/V CEFAS Endeavour 18/08 / BGS 2008/04 cruise were to acquire high resolution multibeam echosounder, sidescan sonar, surface tow boomer and magnetometer data in the East Coast Regional Environmental Assessment area. This phase of data acquisition will be used to position vibrocore, clamshell grab, camera and biological sampling stations which will be visited during Spring 2009. The cruise was carried out under contract for the Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF). Technical details of the survey can be found in BGS Internal Report IR/08/074 and CEFAS Cruise Report CEND 18/08.

Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2008/5_MEPF: MALSF Humber Regional Environmental Characterisation Project, Southern North Sea (14/Oct/2008 to 18/Feb/2009)
This BGS led survey, conducted by Gardline took place between Oct2008 and Mar2009 in 3 phases. The first 2 phases were conducted aboard the Gardline MV Vigilant. The first phase was completed due to the advent of adverse whether. The second phase completed the deeper water portion of the survey Information from the first two phases is held under Survey Number 2008_5_MEPF. A 3rd phase was planned and completed on short notice in the shallow water parts of the survey area aboard the MV Confidante. Information from this third phase is held under Survey Number 2009_7_MEPF. The aim of the Humber Regional Environmental Characterisation (REC) survey, (unded through the Marine Environment Protection Fund of the Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) was to acquire data, of the highest quality and resolution possible, to enable broadscale characterisation of the seabed habitat, associated biological communities and potential historic environmental assets within the region. The project was managed by the British Geological Survey (BGS), who largely designed the geophysical survey programme, with archaeological direction being supplied by the University of Birmingham and the environmental programme being directed by Marine Ecological Surveys (MES). The “geophysical” and subsequent “ground truthing” field work was carried out by Gardline Geosurveys under the guidance of the other partners. This report and the accompanying similar volume for the ground truthing phase, describe the field operations. The aims of these preliminary phases of the project were to provide data for other interested parties to process. Geophysical data collected includes: sub-tow (Suface tow on Confidante), Side-scan Sonar, Multibeam bathymetry, magnetometer. Technical details of the survey are contained in the Gardline Operations Report 7776/Ops/Geo.

Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2009/7_MEPF: MALSF Humber Regional Environmental Characterisation Project, Southern North Sea (27/Feb/2009 to 19/Mar/2009)
This BGS led survey, conducted by Gardline took place between Oct2008 and Mar2009 in 3 phases. The first 2 phases were conducted aboard the Gardline MV Vigilant. The first phase was completed due to the advent of adverse whether. The second phase completed the deeper water portion of the survey Information from the first two phases is held under survey number 2008_5_MEPF. A 3rd phase was planned and completed on short notice in the shallow water parts of the survey area aboard the MV Confidante. Information from this third phase is held under Survey Number 2009_7_MEPF. The aim of the Humber Regional Environmental Characterisation (REC) survey, funded through the Marine Environment Protection Fund of the Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) was to acquire data, of the highest quality and resolution possible, to enable broadscale characterisation of the seabed habitat, associated biological communities and potential historic environmental assets within the region. The project was managed by the British Geological Survey (BGS), who largely designed the geophysical survey programme, with archaeological direction being supplied by the University of Birmingham and the environmental programme being directed by Marine Ecological Surveys (MES). The “geophysical” and subsequent “ground truthing” field work was carried out by Gardline Geosurveys under the guidance of the other partners. This report and the accompanying similar volume for the ground truthing phase, describe the field operations. The aims of these preliminary phases of the project were to provide data for other interested parties to process. Geophysical data collected includes: sub-tow (Suface tow on Confidante), Side-scan Sonar, Multibeam bathymetry, magnetometer.

Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 2005/2_MEPF: MALSF Outer Bristol Channel Marine Habitat Study (13/May/2005 to 20/May/2005)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical and sampling survey took place during June 2005 in the Outer Bristol Channel aboard the RV Prince Madog. This survey was undertaken for the Outer Bristol Channel Marine Habitat Study (OBCMHS) as part of a series of five surveys. The OBCMHS was principally funded by the Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund, MALSF, (administered in Wales by the Welsh Assembly Government), the Sustainable Land Won and Marine Dredged Aggregate Minerals Programme of the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM), administered by Mineral Industry Research Organisation (MIRO), with contributions from others. Benthic sampling was carried out using a Beam Trawl. Seabed images were taken using a Video system. Subsurface data were gathered using a Surface Tow Boomer. Most of the data were recorded digitally. Some paper records were also generated also. These data are archived with the MEDIN Data Archive Centres (DAC), including the BGS DAC for geology and geophysics and the DASSH DAC for biological data. For further information on the surveys and general information on the OBCMHS see the final report (Mackie et al, 2006. BIOMOR Reports 4:ISBN 0-7200-0569-8).

Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) Geophysical Survey 2010/2_MEPF: MALSF South Coast & East English Channel Synthesis: Sussex Coast (08/Mar/2010 to 18/Mar/2010)
This geophysical survey was carried out under contract for the Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) as part of a Regional Environmental Characterisation, the survey took place from the 8th March to the 18th March 2010. This project is to extend the mapped coverage of the Eastern English Channel Marine Habitat Map (EECMHM) to include the coastal platform from Saltdean east to Dungeness and provide an integrated map dataset covering this extension area The geophysical data was acquired using Surface Tow Boomer and Sidescan sonar equipment. Technical detail of the survey are contained in BGS Open Report OR/10/052.

Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) Geophysical, Multibeam and Sampling Survey 2007/10_MEPF: MALSF Thames Regional Environmental Characterisation Project: (07/Jul/2007 to 13/Aug/2007)
This Gardline marine geophysical survey took place during July/August 2007 in the Thames Estuary aboard the THV Alert. This survey was undertaken for the Thames Regional Environmental Characterisations Project. This study was funded by the Marine Environment Protection Fund (MEPF) a marine component of the Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF). Seabed samples were obtained using a clamshell grab and photo and video data exist for these sites. Sea floor data collected were high-resolution multibeam bathymetry, backscatter, magnetometer and side-scan sonar. Subsurface data were gathered using a Surface Tow Boomer. Most of the data were recorded digitally. These data are archived with the MEDIN Data Archive Centres (DACs), including the BGS DAC for geology and geophysics. Technical details for the survey are contained in Gardline Report 0871/Ops.

Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) Geophysical, Multibeam and Sampling Survey 2009/4_MEPF: MALSF Offshore east coast of East Anglia REC (18/May/2009 to 14/Jun/2009)
This survey has been carried out in May/June 2009 off the east coast of East Anglia on board the CEFAS Endeavour under contract for the Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) comprising the acquisition of groundtruthing data including vibrocore samples, clamshell grab samples, mini-Hamon grab samples, 2m Jennings beam trawls and various camera techniques as part of a Regional Environmental Characterisation. The sample sites were chosen based on data acquired on the BGS 2008/04 / CEND 18/08 geophysical survey which took place from the 27th September to the 30th October 2008. Further geophysical data was acquired using a multibeam echosounder and dual frequency side scan sonar. The survey was undertaken in joint collaboration between the British Geological Survey, the Centre for Ecology, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS) and Wessex Archaeology. BGS Internal Report IR/10/019.

Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) Groundtruthing Survey 2009_8_MEPF: MALSF Humber Regional Environmental Characterisation Project: Southern North Sea (20/Apr/2009 to 26/May/2009)
The Humber Regional Environmental Characterisation (REC) surveys are funded through the marine Environment Protection Fund of the Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF). The aims of the surveys are to acquire marine geophysical and sample data, to enable broad scale characterisation of the seabed habitat, associated biological communities and potential historic environmental assets within the Humber REC region. From the interpretation of the geophysical data stations for 20 vibrocore, 90 clam shell grab, 90 Hamon grab, 90 seabed photo 2 anchor dredge and 30 scientific trawls were selected. The survey was conducted over 2 phases (1-Geotechnical and Environmental): Leg 1 (Geotechnical) – to acquire 90 large-volume (Clamshell) grab samples and 20 sediment vibrocore samples to ground-truth the geophysical data and contribute to overall environmental interpretation. In addition, these data will describe seabed geology and prehistoric environmental assets including archaeological features and deposits of archaeological potential. Leg 2 (Environmental) – to acquire seabed imagery (video and still photography) and grab samples at 90 locations and 30 trawl samples; these data to ground-truth the geophysical data and contribute to overall interpretation. These data will also support the interpretation and delineation of infaunal and epifaunal communities. Good progress was made with the sampling field work and further vibrocore, Hamon grab and seabed photograph sites were selected and most of these were also occupied. The selection of these sites was undertaken by: the University of Birmingham Archaeology Department (vibrocores), British Geological Survey (clam shell grabs) and Marine Ecological Survey (Hamon grabs, camera stations and trawls). The marine sampling operations undertaken in the Humber REC area aboard the vessel Gardline Sea Profiler between 20th April 2009 and 26th May 2009, the rationale behind the surveys and the post-cruise processing results of the biological, sediment and shallow sub-seabed (vibrocore) data acquired. The survey area lies off the east coast of England, in the southern part of the North Sea, offshore the Humber Estuary, (Figure 1). It covers an area of approximately 11,000 km2. It extends eastward from the coast almost to the UK Median Line.

Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) Multibeam and Sampling Survey 2005/6_MEPF: MALSF Eastern English Channel Marine Habitat Map Study (26/Jul/2005 to 06/Aug/2005)
This CEFAS sampling survey took place during July/August 2005 in the Eastern English Channel aboard the RV CEFAS Endeavour. This survey was undertaken for the Eastern English Channel Marine Habitat Map study (EECMHM) as part of a series of four surveys. The EECMHM study was funded by the Marine Environment Protection Fund (MEPF) a marine component of the Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF). The main cruise objective was to collect groundtruthing samples from up to 150 sites in the Eastern English Channel in order to validate acoustic data collected in May/June 2005. All 150 sites were sampled with a HamCam (Hamon grab with camera fitted) and ~40 with a 2m Jennings type Beam trawl. Stills and video imagery were collected from ~40 sites using either a towed video sledge or drop camera frame. Multibeam bathymetry data were collected on the transits between sampling stations. During this survey, benthos and sediment samples were also collected for a time-series study at 10 EARS sites in the Eastern English Channel using the HamCam, and UWTV sledge. These data are archived with the MEDIN Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the BGS DAC for geology and geophysics, the DASSH DAC for biological data. The multibeam data are not part of the archived dataset. Where they hardcopy records/samples exist these have been archived by CEFAS. For further information on the surveys and general information on the EECMHM see the final report (James et al, 2007. Cefas Science Series Technical Report No. 139).

Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) Sampling Survey 2003/4_MEPF: MALSF Outer Bristol Channel Marine Habitat Study (08/Jul/2003 to 18/Jul/2003)
This National Museum of Wales (NMW) sampling survey took place in July 2003 in the Outer Bristol Channel aboard the RV Prince Madog. This survey was undertaken for the Outer Bristol Channel Marine Habitat Study (OBCMHS) as part of a series of five surveys. The OBCMHS was principally funded by the Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund, MALSF, (administered in Wales by the Welsh Assembly Government), the Sustainable Land Won and Marine Dredged Aggregate Minerals Programme of the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM), administered by Mineral Industry Research Organisation (MIRO), with contributions from others. Seabed samples were collected using a Van Veen Grab. Seabed video and photographs were also collected. These data are archived with the MEDIN Data Archive Centres (DACs), including the BGS DAC for geology and geophysics and the DASSH DAC for biological data. For further information on the surveys and general information on the OBCMHS see the final project report (Mackie et al, 2006. BIOMOR Reports 4:ISBN 0-7200-0569-8).

Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) Sampling Survey 2004/6_MEPF: MALSF Outer Bristol Channel Marine Habitat Study (26/Jul/2004 to 29/Jul/2004)
This National Museum of Wales (NMW) sampling survey took place in July 2004 in the Outer Bristol Channel aboard the RV Noctiluca. This survey was undertaken for the Outer Bristol Channel Marine Habitat Study (OBCMHS) as part of a series of five surveys. The OBCMHS was principally funded by the Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund, MALSF, (administered in Wales by the Welsh Assembly Government), the Sustainable Land Won and Marine Dredged Aggregate Minerals Programme of the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM), administered by Mineral Industry Research Organisation (MIRO), with contributions from others. Seabed samples were collected using a Van Veen Grab. These data are archived with the MEDIN Data Archive Centres (DAC), including the BGS DAC for geology and the DASSH DAC for biological data. For further information on the surveys and general information on the OBCMHS see the final report (Mackie et al, 2006. BIOMOR Reports 4:ISBN 0-7200-0569-8).

Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) Sampling Survey 2006/7_MEPF: MALSF Eastern English Channel Marine Habitat Mapping (20/Jul/2006 to 09/Aug/2006)
This CEFAS sampling survey took place during July/August 2006 in the Eastern English Channel aboard the RV CEFAS Endeavour. This survey was undertaken for the Eastern English Channel Marine Habitat Map study (EECMHM) as part of a series of four surveys. The EECMHM study was funded by the Marine Environment Protection Fund (MEPF) a marine component of the Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF). Samples were collected using a HamCam (Hamon grab with camera fitted), Camera Sledge and Beam Trawl. These data are archived with the MEDIN Data Archive Centres (DACs) including the BGS DAC for geology and geophysics and the DASSH DAC for biological data. Where hardcopy records/samples exist these have been archived by CEFAS. For further information on the surveys and general information on the EECMHM see the final report (James et al, 2007. Cefas Science Series Technical Report No. 139).

Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) Sampling Survey 2007/12_MEPF: MALSF South Coast Regional Environmental Characterisation Project: (24/Jul/2007 to 12/Sep/2007)
This Gardline marine geophysical and sampling survey took place during July/September 2007 along the south coast of England around the Isle of Wight aboard the MV Ocean Seeker. This survey was undertaken for the South Coast Regional Environmental Characterisation (REC). This study was funded by the Marine Environment Protection Fund (MEPF) a marine component of the Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF). The study was conducted in two parts, with this survey covering the groundtruthing data. Seabed samples were obtained using a clamshell grab, hamon grab and photo and video data exist for these sites. Most of the data were recorded digitally. These data are archived with the MEDIN Data Archive Centres (DACs), including the BGS DAC for geology and geophysics. Technical details of the survey are contained in Gardline Report 7261

Marine Aggregate Sustainability Fund (MALSF) Geology and Geophysics Survey Data (2003 to 2010)
The Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF) commissioned a series of Regional Environmental Characterisation (REC) surveys via the Marine Environment Protection Fund (MEPF) to develop understanding of submerged habitats and heritage in Britain. The aim was to acquire high quality data to enable broad scale characterisation of the seabed habitats, their biological communities and potential historic environment assets. The surveys were conducted in the following areas - Outer Bristol Chanel (2003 – 2005), Eastern English Channel (2005 – 2006), South Coast (2007 - 2010), Outer Thames (2007), East Coast (2008 - 2009), Humber (2008 - 2009). The Geology and Geophysics component of the data are archived by British Geological Survey (BGS) in the Marine Environmental data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. The data includes bathymetry, sidescan sonar, sub-bottom profiler, magnetometer, seabed video and photographs, Particle Size Analysis (PSA) data, vibrocore (logs and images). Data are delivered via the BGS Offshore GeoIndex www.bgs.ac.uk/GeoIndex/offshore.htm. Additional data are available on request enquiries@bgs.ac.uk. Other data types have been archived with the other MEDIN DACs as appropriate (UKHO DAC for bathymetry data and DASSH DAC for biological data). The MALSF ceased operation at the end of March 2011 ( http://www.marinealsf.org.uk/).

Marine Borehole Logs, Data and Materials from around the UK (1969 Onwards)
BGS has drilled almost 600 boreholes to prove seismic interpretations of the marine Quaternary geology and bedrock from the UK Continental Shelf (UKCS). The collection also includes additional third party data and has assisted in the creation of BGS Marine Geology Maps. The boreholes penetrate beneath the sea bed to depths ranging from about 10m to over 300m depending on the target depth or technical problems associated with drilling the borehole. The data includes descriptive geological core logs and data which has been captured from these and in some cases natural gamma logs. A variety of analyses has been conducted on the core material such as Particle Size Analysis, micropalaeontological, geotechnical, palaeomagnetic and age dating. Core material are managed as part of the BGS Materials collection and are available for examination and subsampling. The data are stored as part of the National Geoscience Data Centre (NGDC) and the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. Data are delivered via the BGS Offshore GeoIndex http://www.bgs.ac.uk/GeoIndex/offshore.htm. The activity and scan layers contains location information, metadata and links to scanned borehole logs, and the geological data layers contain observations and/or measurements as digital values. The data are applicable to a wide range of uses including environmental, geotechnical and geological studies. Reference: Fannin, NGT. (1989) Offshore Investigations 1966-87 British Geological Survey Technical Report WB/89/02, British Geological Survey.

Marine Environmental Mapping (MAREMAP) 1:10 000 scale bedrock map for Weymouth Bay, Dorset
This is a 1:10,000 scale Bedrock geological map for some 800 km2 of the seabed across Weymouth Bay in Dorset. It joins seamlessly to the onshore BGS 1:10,000 scale Digital Geological Mapping (DiGMapGB-10) and therefore shows the coastal geology in detail. It comprises bedrock polygons, faults and limestone bed lines. The map was produced in 2015-16 by digitising against a seamless on- to offshore-shore elevation surface generated from high (1 m bin) resolution bathymetry and coastal Lidar data, collected as part of the Dorset Integrated Seabed Survey (DORIS) project and the Regional Coastal Monitoring Programme of England, made available by the Channel Coastal Observatory under the Open Government Licence. The map can be veiwed using the map viewer at www.bgs.ac.uk/research/marine/doris.html. This map has been produced under the auspices of the Marine Environmental Mapping Programme (MAREMAP), in collaboration between the BGS and the University of Southampton. The map itself should be referred to as: Westhead, R K, Sanderson, D J, Dix, J K. 2016. Bedrock map for the offshore Weymouth Bay area, with seamless coastal joint to BGS onshore (DiGMapGB-10) mapping. Bedrock Geology. 1:10 000 (Marine Environmental Mapping Programme, MAREMAP)

Marine Geological Sample Data from around the UK (1966 onwards)
The British Geological Survey has collected over 50000 offshore samples using grabs, dredges and shallow coring devices (to a maximum depth of 6m below the sea bed). The collection also includes additional third party data and has assisted in the creation of BGS Marine Geology Maps. The distribution is variable, but in general there are sample stations spaced about every 5 - 10km across the entire UK Continental Shelf (UKCS). In some localised areas the sampling density is much higher. The data held includes digital data and analogue records (sample data sheets), plus associated physical sample material. Sample data sheets which have been scanned contain index information and geological descriptions and are more detailed from 1983 onwards. Coded geological descriptions were entered on sheets which were subsequently digitised, and this information is available for about 10,000 samples. The data also includes results of analyses such as micropalaeontological examination or age dating. Particle Size Analysis, geochemistry and geotechnical data are described in separate metadata entries. Sample material are managed as part of the BGS Materials collection and are available for examination and subsampling. The data are stored within the National Geoscience Data Centre (NGDC) and Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. Data are delivered via the BGS Offshore GeoIndex www.bgs.ac.uk/GeoIndex/offshore.htm.The activity and scan layers contains location information, metadata and links to scanned sample datasheets/core logs, and the geological, geotechnical, geochemical and sea-bed sediment data layers contain observations and/or measurements as digital values. The data are applicable to a wide range of uses including environmental, geotechnical and geological studies. Reference: Fannin, NGT. (1989) Offshore Investigations 1966-87. British Geological Survey Technical Report WB/89/2, British Geological Survey.

Marine Geophysical and Seismic Data from around the UK (1966 Onwards)
The British Geological Survey hold a collection of data recorded during marine geophysical surveys which includes digital data and analogue records. These data result from approximately 350,000 line kilometres of multi-instrument geophysical survey lines. The data include seismic, sonar, magnetic, gravity, echo sounder, multibeam bathymetry and navigation data. The seismic data are mainly for airgun, sparker, boomer and pinger. The data were primarily collected by BGS and the collection also includes additional third party data. The data are primarily from the UKCS (United Kingdom Continental Shelf). The data are stored within the National Geoscience Data Centre (NGDC) and the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. The majority of legacy geophysical paper records are available as scanned images viewable via the BGS Offshore GeoIndex www.bgs.ac.uk/GeoIndex/offshore.htm. Other records can be scanned on request. Older records are of variable quality. Data not yet available online including segy are available on request enquiries@bgs.ac.uk. The data are applicable to a wide range of uses including environmental, geotechnical, geophysical and geological studies. Reference: Fannin, NGT. (1989) Offshore Investigations 1966-87. British Geological Survey Technical Report WB/89/2, British Geological Survey.

Marine Geotechnical Data from around the UK (1975 Onwards)
The data consist of the results of geotechnical testing carried out at various depth intervals on shallow cores or boreholes collected BGS from the UK Continental Shelf. The bulk of the data north of 56N are in digital form and result from testing carried out on board survey vessels using hand-held test equipment (penetrometers and shear vanes). These values are averaged for each test interval, and are expressed in kiloPascals. There are approximately 6000 test results in the data set. Some more detailed test information, in non-digital and report form is held for selected sites. Also for most sites where digital data is not available, geological descriptions of core material will also contains semi-quantitative information on the stiffness of the material. Geotechnical knowledge is required to understand and interpret the results if they are to be used as a basis for engineering studies. Core material are managed as part of the BGS Materials collection and are available for examination, testing or subsampling. The data are stored as part of the National Geoscience Data Centre (NGDC) and the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. Data are delivered via BGS Offshore GeoIndex www.bgs.ac.uk/GeoIndex/offshore.htm geotechnical layers. Reference: Fannin, NGT. (1989) Offshore Investigations 1966-87. British Geological Survey Technical Report WB/89/2, British Geological Survey.

Marine Hard Substrate Dataset (DiGHardSubstrate250k)
The Marine Hard Substrate dataset maps areas of rock or hard substrate outcropping or within 0.5m of the sea-bed. The interpretation was based on a variety of data sourced from within the British Geological Survey and externally. Data consulted includes archive sample and seismic records, side scan sonar, multibeam bathymetry and Olex datasets. The distribution of hard substrate at the seabed, or within 0.5 m is important in dictating the benthic assemblages found in certain areas. Therefore, an understanding of the distribution of these substrates is of primary importance in marine planning and designation of Marine Conservation Zones (MCZs) under the Marine and Coastal Access Act, 2009. In addition, a number of other users will value these data, including marine renewable companies, aggregate companies, the fishing and oil and gas industries. In order to address this issue it was necessary to update British Geological Survey sea-bed mapping to delineate areas where rock, boulders or cobbles are present at, or within 0.5m of the sea-bed surface. A polygon shape file showing areas of rock or hard substrate at, or within 0.5m of the sea-bed has been developed. The dataset has been created as vector polygons and are available in a range of GIS formats, including ArcGIS (.shp), ArcInfo Coverages and MapInfo (.tab). More specialised formats may be available but may incur additional processing costs.

Marine Hydroacoustic data from Anak Krakatau Eruption December 2018 (NERC grant NE/S003509/1)
Multibeam bathymetric Echosounder (MBES) and Sparker seismic acquired August 2019. NSFGEO-NERC Grant: Tsunamis from large volume eruptions

Marine Hydrocarbons
The Geological Survey Ireland (GSI), as partner and Work Package 7 (Minerals) leader of EMODnet Geology Phase III, are compiling information on marine hydrocarbon deposits. EMODnet partners are submitting the spatial extent of mapped deposits and established information; here you can view data collated thus far. Oil and gas deposits include information such as deposit type, deposit sub type, economic feasibility, scale, status, operator, block name, data provider, host rock, area, depth to resource, references and comments.

Marine Hydrocarbons (points)
The Geological Survey Ireland (GSI), as partner and Work Package 7 (Minerals) leader of EMODnet Geology Phase III, are compiling information on marine hydrocarbon deposits. EMODnet partners are submitting the spatial extent of mapped deposits and established information; here you can view data collated thus far. Oil and gas deposits include information such as deposit type, deposit sub type, economic feasibility, scale, status, operator, block name, data provider, host rock, area, depth to resource, references and comments.

Marine Hydrocarbons Sub Deposit Type Area
The Geological Survey Ireland (GSI), as partner and Work Package 7 (Minerals) leader of EMODnet Geology Phase III, are compiling information on marine hydrocarbon deposits. EMODnet partners are submitting the spatial extent of mapped deposits and established information; here you can view data collated thus far. Oil and gas deposits include information such as deposit type, deposit sub type, economic feasibility, scale, status, operator, block name, data provider, host rock, area, depth to resource, references and comments. These are the same as the main Marine Hydrocarbons point and area layers but are based on the “Sub Deposit Type” – of which there are 6 classes – Oil, Condensate, Gas, Shale Gas, Coal and Unclassified.

Marine Hydrocarbons Sub Deposit Type Area (Point)
The Geological Survey Ireland (GSI), as partner and Work Package 7 (Minerals) leader of EMODnet Geology Phase III, are compiling information on marine hydrocarbon deposits. EMODnet partners are submitting the spatial extent of mapped deposits and established information; here you can view data collated thus far. Oil and gas deposits include information such as deposit type, deposit sub type, economic feasibility, scale, status, operator, block name, data provider, host rock, area, depth to resource, references and comments. These are the same as the main Marine Hydrocarbons point and area layers but are based on the “Sub Deposit Type” – of which there are 6 classes – Oil, Condensate, Gas, Shale Gas, Coal and Unclassified.

Marine Maps and Charts Archive (1960 onwards)
The Marine Maps and Chart Archive held by BGS contains maps created by BGS (the majority of which result from BGS offshore mapping projects) and also maps acquired from various other sources (e.g. UK Hydrographic Office and MCA Civil Hydrography Programme survey charts). The maps which date from the 1960s onwards are very variable in subject type and scale ranging from survey navigation to geological interpretation. The maps are primarily for the UKCS (United Kingdom Continental Shelf). The coverage of some map types is the entire UKCS whilst other have only regional or localised extent. The maps which are a mix of paper and digital are applicable to a wide range of uses including environmental, geotechnical, geophysical and geological studies. range of uses including environmental, geotechnical, geophysical and geological studies. Scanned maps can be viewed via the BGS maps portal http://www.bgs.ac.uk/data/maps.

Marine Minerals
EMODnet Geology’s marine minerals layers include all types of naturally occurring geological raw materials, metals and hydrocarbons known to accumulate in European sea regions. The 12 different types of marine minerals mapped for EMODnet Geology vary widely in types. Differing geological environments are reflected in the varied types of mineral accumulates found in the European marine environment. Mapping the spatial extent of marine mineral occurrences within European waters allows us to communicate their extent visually, using one common data standard and at one common scale. It is hoped that these seabed mineral deposit maps will be useful to policy makers, planners, industry and society.

Marine Multibeam Backscatter Data from around the UK (2005 Onwards)
The British Geological Survey (BGS) holds an archive of multibeam backscatter data from BGS, Maritime & Coastguard Agency (MCA) and other organisations. The data are stored within the National Geoscience Data Centre (NGDC) and the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. BGS works with the partner DAC for bathymetry at the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) to archive backscatter data. The majority of the data were collected and processed for the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) under the Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP). Backscatter data is useful for seabed characterisation for geological and habitat mapping. View the backscatter image layer and download backscatter data (geotiff) via the BGS Offshore GeoIndex www.bgs.ac.uk/GeoIndex/offshore.htm. The data underlying the images are available on request enquiries@bgs.ac.uk. If further backscatter processing is required, BGS can provide a quote. View and download the related bathymetry data via the UKHO INSPIRE portal

Marine Photographs Archive (1970 onwards)
The Marine Photographs Archive held by BGS includes photographs of hydrocarbon well and (non-hydrocarbon) marine boreholes, cores and other samples. There are also photographs of the seabed and survey operations. The photos are primarily for the UKCS (United Kingdom Continental Shelf) and surrounding areas and date from the 1970s onwards. The photographs, which are a mix of prints, negatives and digital are applicable to a wide range of uses including environmental, geotechnical and geological studies. There are also some x-rays of cores.

Marine Placers
The Geological Survey Ireland (GSI), as partner and Work Package 7 (Minerals) leader of EMODnet Geology Phase III, are compiling information on marine placer deposits. EMODnet partners are submitting the spatial extent of known deposits and established information; here you can view data collated thus far. The placer deposit information presented here are locations with concentrations of detrital heavy metallic minerals or gemstones. The occurrences of such deposits are generally limited to the continental shelf regions less than 120m deep.

Marine Placers (points)
The Geological Survey Ireland (GSI), as partner and Work Package 7 (Minerals) leader of EMODnet Geology Phase III, are compiling information on marine placer deposits. EMODnet partners are submitting the spatial extent of known deposits and established information; here you can view data collated thus far. The placer deposit information presented here are locations with concentrations of detrital heavy metallic minerals or gemstones. The occurrences of such deposits are generally limited to the continental shelf regions less than 120m deep.

Marine Quaternary Map - UK Waters - 1:1M scale
This is a digital version of the paper based 1:1M scale Offshore Quaternary map, North and South sheets. Customers should be aware that, given the age of the paper based maps, the digital version is not quality assured and BGS can accept no liability for the information held on the digital map. In addition, published 1:250,000 Quaternary maps are available. These contain more detailed subdivision of the Quaternary succession. The original paper based map covers the UK Continental shelf. The paper map is symbolised using lithology and chronology. The lithological boundaries were compiled from the data published in the BGS 1:250,000 Quaternary Geology map series and from revised interpretation of core and borehole data. Core and borehole sites are commonly 5 to 20 km apart, thus the lithological divisions are generalised. The formations and sequences identified by BGS have been grouped into Quaternary age ranges. The geological codes assigned to the digital version of the map have been compiled using the key information held on the paper map. The LEX-ROCK style codes combine the lithology and chronology and have been subject to the standard BGS approval process.

Marine Reports Archive (1960 onwards)
The Marine Reports Archive held by BGS includes published and unpublished reports created by BGS and acquired from various sources. The reports which date from the 1960s onwards include the BGS Marine Reports Series, Marine Commercial reports and associated records, Palaeontology reports and other specialist reports. Examples of report types are data acquisition and processing reports, site investigation reports and interpretation reports. The reports are primarily for the UKCS (United Kingdom Continental Shelf). The coverage of some reports is the entire UKCS whilst other have only regional or very localised extent. The reports are applicable to a wide range of uses including environmental, geotechnical, geophysical and geological studies.

Marine Samples and Cores
This is the collection of cores and samples held by BGS for the sea areas around the UK. It includes material collected by BGS during its mapping projects and material donated to BGS by other organisations. The main core and sample types are grab samples (sea-bed), gravity cores, vibrocores and rock-drill cores (up to 6m in length), and borehole cores (up to 274m in length). The sea-bed grab samples are Holocene sediments present at the sea-bed and are stored in plastic jars. Where possible, sub-sample material has been retained after analysis. The bulk of the cores consist of Holocene and Pleistocene material. The rest are of bedrock ranging in age from Neogene to Pre-Cambrian. A lot of the core was collected in plastic liner tubing and the unlithified cores have been split vertically. The bulk of the material was collected in the late 1960s, 1970s and 1980s and early 1990's with ongoing additions of new sample and cores each year. The distribution is very variable, but, in general, there are grab samples and/or shallow cores spaced about every 5 - 10km across the entire UK Continental Shelf. In some localised areas the sampling density is much higher. The samples and cores are applicable to a wide range of uses including environmental, geotechnical and geological studies.

Marine Sapropel
The Geological Survey Ireland (GSI), as partner and Work Package 7 (Minerals) leader of EMODnet Geology Phase III, are compiling information on marine sapropel sites. EMODnet partners are submitting the spatial extent of mapped deposits and established information; here you can view data collated thus far. Need abstract information here.....

Marine Sapropel (points)
The Geological Survey Ireland (GSI), as partner and Work Package 7 (Minerals) leader of EMODnet Geology Phase III, are compiling information on marine sapropel sites. EMODnet partners are submitting the spatial extent of mapped deposits and established information; here you can view data collated thus far. Need abstract information here.....

Marine Scotland (MSO) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2012/9_MS: Argyll Array: South-west of Tiree (22/Jul/2012 to 06/Aug/2012)
This marine geophysical and multibeam survey was undertaken in July/August 2012 off south-west Tiree by the British Geological Survey (BGS) on behalf of Marine Scotland on board the Northern Lighthouse Board vessel NLV Polestar. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were collected using a surface tow boomer. The data are archived by BGS and are also available on Marine Scotland Interactive (MSI) - Multibeam bathymetry data are available from the UKHO Bathy DAC, Backscatter data are available from the backscatter layers in the BGS Offshore GeoIndex. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Report of Survey CR/12/099, https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/529501/. GeoIndex Offshore -

Marine Scotland (MSO) Geophysical Survey 2012/2_MS: North coast Scotland – West Mainland Orkney (27/Feb/2012 to 12/Mar/2012)
This marine geophysical survey took place in February/March 2012 in the area of North coast Scotland and Orkney on board the FRV Alba Na Mara. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS) on behalf of Marine Scotland. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were collected using an Applied Acoustics surface tow boomer (STB). These data are archived by BGS and are also available on Marine Scotland Interactive (MSI) - Technical details of the survey are contained in the Report of Survey.

Marine Scotland (MSO) Multibeam Survey 2011/9_MS: Isle of Lewis (26/Aug/2011 to 08/Sep/2011)
This marine multibeam survey took place in August/September 2011 in the area of Lewis on board the Northern Lighthouse Board vessel NLV Pole Star. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS) on behalf of Marine Scotland. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. These data are archived by BGS and are also available on Marine Scotland Interactive (MSI) - Technical details of the survey are contained in the Report of Survey.

Marine Scotland (MSO) Multibeam Survey 2012/3_MS: Shetland (15/Mar/2012 to 26/Mar/2012)
This marine multibeam survey took place in March 2012 in the area of Shetland on board the Northern Lighthouse Board vessel NLV Pole Star. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS) on behalf of Marine Scotland. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. These data are archived by BGS and are also available on Marine Scotland Interactive (MSI) - Technical details of the survey are contained in the Report of Survey.

Marine Seabed Sediment Geochemical Data from around the UK (1975-1990)
The concentrations of up to 30 trace elements in approximately 9,000 sea-bed samples from the UK Continental Shelf were determined by BGS using a variety of analytical techniques. In some cases samples were tested using more than one method. The analyses were carried out on freeze-dried samples of the sand and mud fractions of the samples. The data are stored as part of the National Geoscience Data Centre (NGDC) and the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. Data are delivered via the BGS Offshore GeoIndex www.bgs.ac.uk/GeoIndex/offshore.htm geochemical layers. References: Stevenson, A G (2001) Metal concentrations in marine sediments around Scotland: a baseline for environmental studies, Elsevier Science; Stevenson, A G et al (1995) The geochemistry of sea-bed sediments of the United Kingdom Continental Shelf : the North Sea, Hebrides and West Shetland shelves, and the Malin-Hebrides sea area ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/507899/).

Marine Sediment Particle Size Data from around the UK (1966 Onwards)
The data set consists of the results of particle size analysis (PSA) performed on approximetaly 29,000 sea-bed sediment samples collected by BGS from the UK Continental Shelf and adjacent deep water areas, mostly using sediment grabs, but also sediment corers on occasions. Measurements were also made on approximately 8000 downhole sub-samples from shallow cores and boreholes. Data from other UK organisations have also been added to the PSA dataset. The data are stored as part of the National Geoscience Data Centre (NGDC) and the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. Data are delivered via the BGS Offshore GeoIndex www.bgs.ac.uk/GeoIndex/offshore.htm Seabed Sediment Data layers.

Marine Survey Data from around the UK (1966 Onwards)
This dataset is the complete collection of the British Geological Survey (BGS) held Marine Survey data. The data held includes digital data and analogue records, plus associated physical sample material. Data are stored within the National Geosciences Data Centre (NGDC) and the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. BGS have collected Marine Survey data since 1966 and have also been provided with a range of third-party data. The data includes geophysical data (seismic reflection, side-scan sonar, multibeam echosounder bathymetry and backscatter, gravity and magnetics) and sample data from boreholes, cores and seabed grabs (logs, geological descriptions, geochemical, particle size analysis and geotechnical data). The majority of surveys are within the United Kingdom Continental Shelf (UKCS) area. Individual survey data coverage varies, depending on survey type (sampling, geophysics, multibeam or multi-disciplinary) and objectives (regional or local, shallow or deep). These data are applicable to a wide range of uses including environmental, geotechnical, geophysical and geological studies. Data are delivered via the BGS Offshore GeoIndex www.bgs.ac.uk/GeoIndex/offshore.htm. Additional data are available on request enquiries@bgs.ac.uk.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1059, W Approaches to English Channel, (01/05/2004 to 01/05/2005)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1059; W Approaches to English Channel, Area in SqKm: 8822, (01/05/2004 to 01/05/2005), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: W Approaches to. FY 2004/05. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1071, Cape Wrath to Solan Bank, (01/05/2004 to 01/08/2005)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1071; Cape Wrath to Solan Bank, Area in SqKm: 2633, (01/05/2004 to 01/08/2005), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: TCA3/7/684. FY 2005/06. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1072, Solan Bank to Fair Isle Channel, (01/05/2004 to 01/08/2005)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1072; Solan Bank to Fair Isle Channel, Area in SqKm: 3611, (01/05/2004 to 01/08/2005), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: TCA3/7/684. FY 2005/06. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1073, Cockle Shoal, (06/04/2004 to 22/04/2004)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1073; Cockle Shoal, Area in SqKm: 10, (06/04/2004 to 22/04/2004), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2004/05). FY 2004/05. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1075, Holm Channel, (12/05/2004 to 24/05/2004)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1075; Holm Channel, Area in SqKm: 19, (12/05/2004 to 24/05/2004), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2004/05). FY 2004/05. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1076, Lowestoft, (25/05/2004 to 09/06/2004)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1076; Lowestoft, Area in SqKm: 6, (25/05/2004 to 09/06/2004), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2004/05). FY 2004/05. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1077, Pakefield Road (A), (30/05/2004 to 16/07/2004)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1077; Pakefield Road (A), Area in SqKm: 5, (30/05/2004 to 16/07/2004), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2004/05). FY 2004/05. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1078, South Ship Head to Black Deep, (11/06/2004 to 06/07/2004)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1078; South Ship Head to Black Deep (A), Area in SqKm: 22; South Ship Head to Black Deep (B), Area in SqKm: 15; South Ship Head to Black Deep (C), Area in SqKm: 2; South Ship Head to Black Deep (D), Area in SqKm: 2Caister Shoal & Caister Road, Area in SqKm: 29, (11/06/2004 to 06/07/2004), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2004/05). FY 2004/05. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1079, DWR Tail of the Falls, (28/07/2004 to 29/07/2004)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1079; DWR Tail of the Falls, Area in SqKm: 6, (28/07/2004 to 29/07/2004), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2004/05). FY 2004/05. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1080, NW Sandettie, (10/07/2004 to 20/07/2004)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1080; NW Sandettie, Area in SqKm: 35, (10/07/2004 to 20/07/2004), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2004/05). FY 2004/05. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1081, SW Bound, (20/07/2004 to 28/07/2004)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1081; SW Bound, Area in SqKm: 43, (20/07/2004 to 28/07/2004), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2004/05). FY 2004/05. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1083, Eastern Approaches to the Firth of Forth, (01/05/2005 to 01/08/2005)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1083; Eastern Approaches to the Firth of Forth, Area in SqKm: 2305, (01/05/2005 to 01/08/2005), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: TCA3/7/684. FY 2004/05. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1109, Cockle Gateway & Cockle Shoal, (16/05/2005 to 21/05/2005)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1109; Cockle Gateway & Cockle Shoal, Area in SqKm: 44, (16/05/2005 to 21/05/2005), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2005/06). FY 2005/06. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1110, Caister Shoal & Caister Road, (20/04/2005 to 28/04/2005)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1110; Caister Shoal & Caister Road, Area in SqKm: 29; Caister Shoal & Caister Road, Area in SqKm: 1; Caister Shoal & Caister Road, Area in SqKm: 1; Caister Shoal & Caister Road, Area in SqKm: 4, Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1; Caister Shoal & Caister Road, Area in SqKm: 0, Standard: Reconnaissance, (20/04/2005 to 28/04/2005), Contract: RRS (2005/06). FY 2005/06. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1111, The Roads & Holm Channel, (25/02/2005 to 12/04/2005)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1111; The Roads & Holm Channel, Area in SqKm: 64, (25/02/2005 to 12/04/2005), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2005/06). FY 2005/06. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1112, Approaches to Lowestoft, (24/05/2005 to 26/05/2005)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1112; Approaches to Lowestoft, Area in SqKm: 7, (24/05/2005 to 26/05/2005), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2005/06). FY 2005/06. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1113, Hemsby Hole, (30/04/2005 to 24/05/2005)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1113; Hemsby Hole, Area in SqKm: 11, (30/04/2005 to 24/05/2005), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2005/06). FY 2005/06. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1114, North Shipwash, (01/08/2005 to 06/08/2005)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1114; North Shipwash, Area in SqKm: 13, (01/08/2005 to 06/08/2005), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2005/06). FY 2005/06. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1115, South Ship Head, (06/07/2005 to 14/07/2005)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1115; South Ship Head, Area in SqKm: 8, (06/07/2005 to 14/07/2005), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2005/06). FY 2005/06. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1116, Sunk to Long Sand Head, (30/06/2005 to 29/07/2005)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1116; Sunk to Long Sand Head, Area in SqKm: 22; Sunk to Long Sand Head, Area in SqKm: 45, (30/06/2005 to 29/07/2005), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1). Contract: RRS (2005/06). FY 2005/06. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1117, Long Sand Head, (28/07/2005 to 28/07/2005)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1117; Long Sand Head, Area in SqKm: 4, (28/07/2005 to 28/07/2005), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2005/06). FY 2005/06. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1118, Black Deep, (29/07/2005 to 01/08/2005)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1118; Black Deep, Area in SqKm: 16, (29/07/2005 to 01/08/2005), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2005/06). FY 2005/06. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1119, Fisherman's Gat & Foulger's Gat, (14/06/2005 to 23/06/2005)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1119; Fisherman's Gat & Foulger's Gat, Area in SqKm: 46, (14/06/2005 to 23/06/2005), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2005/06). FY 2005/06. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1120, Tail of the Falls, (08/06/2005 to 09/06/2005)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1120; Tail of the Falls, Area in SqKm: 7, (08/06/2005 to 09/06/2005), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2005/06). FY 2005/06. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1121, Needles Channel, (26/08/2005 to 010/09/2005)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1121, Needles Channel. Area in SqKm: Unknown, (26/08/2005 to 10/09/2005), Standard: ISO S44ed4 Order 1. FY 2005/06. Contractor: Royal Navy.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1122, Sanday Sound to Westray Firth (Orkney Islands), (28/02/2005 to 22/05/2005)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1122; Sanday Sound to Westray Firth (Orkney Islands), Area in SqKm: 308, (28/02/2005 to 22/05/2005), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: Orkney Islands. FY 2004/05. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1137, E Approaches to Sanday & Stronsay, (29/05/2006 to 19/09/2006)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1137; E Approaches to Sanday & Stronsay (Blocks 2,3,5), Area in SqKm: 2693; E Approaches to Sanday & Stronsay (Blocks 3,4,6,7), Area in SqKm: 1711, (29/05/2006 to 19/09/2006), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1). Contract: ETV. FY 2006/07. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1143, Western Solent, (07/09/2005 to 22/09/2005)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1143; Western Solent, Area in SqKm: 24, (07/09/2005 to 22/09/2005), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2005/06). FY 2005/06. Contractor: RN (NP1016).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1150, Tarbat Ness, (31/05/2006 to 29/04/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1150; Tarbat Ness, Area in SqKm: 2523, (31/05/2006 to 29/04/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: Medium (LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1151, Approaches to the Firth of Forth, (20/05/2007 to 24/08/2007)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1151; Approaches to the Firth of Forth, Area in SqKm: 3046, (20/05/2007 to 24/08/2007), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: Medium (LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1152, Wee Bankie to Gourdon (A + B), (17/07/2006 to 05/09/2006)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1152; Wee Bankie to Gourdon (A + B), Area in SqKm: 4291, (17/07/2006 to 05/09/2006), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: Medium (LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1153, Baymans Hole to Dunbar, (01/05/2008 to 17/12/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1153; Baymans Hole to Dunbar, Area in SqKm: 5274, (01/05/2008 to 17/12/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: Medium (LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1154, Chesil Beach to Handfast Point Blocks 1-12 (DORIS), (04/07/2008 to 06/03/2009)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1154; Chesil Beach to Handfast Point Blocks 1-12 (DORIS), Area in SqKm: 774, (04/07/2008 to 06/03/2009), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: Shallow (LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: Fugro OSAE.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1155, Todhead Point to Bosies Bank Parts 1 & 2, (12/09/2009 to 04/02/2010)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1155; Todhead Point to Bosies Bank Parts 1 & 2, Area in SqKm: 8042, (12/09/2009 to 04/02/2010), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium (LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1156, Hamstead Ledge to Stansore Point, (08/06/2006 to 26/06/2006)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1156; Hamstead Ledge to Stansore Point, Area in SqKm: 29, (08/06/2006 to 26/06/2006), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow (LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: Fugro OSAE.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1157, Hartland Point to Lands End, (20/04/2009 to 31/03/2011)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1157; Hartland Point to Lands End, Area in SqKm: 1962, (20/04/2009 to 31/03/2011), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow (LT). FY 2009/10. Contractor: Fugro OSAE.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1158, Barnstaple Bay, (31/05/2007 to 20/09/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1158; Barnstaple Bay, Area in SqKm: 949; Barnstaple Bay (Lundy block), Area in SqKm: 128, (31/05/2007 to 20/09/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1). Contract: Shallow (LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: Fugro OSAE.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1159, Dover Strait TSS, (28/06/2006 to 25/09/2006)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1159; Dover Strait TSS (A & B), Area in SqKm: 1644; Dover Strait TSS (C), Area in SqKm: 889, (28/06/2006 to 25/09/2006), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1). Contract: Shallow (LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: Fugro OSAE.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1161, Cockle Shoal, (04/06/2006 to 21/06/2006)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1161; Cockle Shoal, Area in SqKm: 4, (04/06/2006 to 21/06/2006), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1162, Cross Sands, (24/05/2006 to 21/06/2006)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1162; Cross Sands, Area in SqKm: 85, (24/05/2006 to 21/06/2006), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1163, Holm Channel, (30/06/2006 to 20/06/2006)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1163; Holm Channel, Area in SqKm: 0, (30/06/2006 to 20/06/2006), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1164, Approaches to Lowestoft, (05/06/2006 to 20/06/2006)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1164; Approaches to Lowestoft, Area in SqKm: 13, (05/06/2006 to 20/06/2006), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1165, Sunk, (22/06/2006 to 27/06/2006)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1165; Sunk, Area in SqKm: 22, (22/06/2006 to 27/06/2006), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1166, Long Sand Head, (21/08/2006 to 22/08/2006)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1166; Long Sand Head (A), Area in SqKm: 8; Long Sand Head (B), Area in SqKm: 7; Long Sand Head (C), Area in SqKm: 2, (21/08/2006 to 22/08/2006), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1167, Margate Road Inner, (23/08/2006 to 12/09/2006)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1167; Margate Road Inner, Area in SqKm: 35, (23/08/2006 to 12/09/2006), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1168, South Sand Head, (02/09/2006 to 10/09/2006)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1168; South Sand Head, Area in SqKm: 10, (02/09/2006 to 10/09/2006), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1169, Gull Stream, (01/09/2006 to 02/09/2006)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1169; Gull Stream, Area in SqKm: 7, (01/09/2006 to 02/09/2006), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1174, Sledway to Blakeney Overfalls, (22/07/2006 to 19/08/2006)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1174; Sledway to Blakeney Overfalls, Area in SqKm: 71, (22/07/2006 to 19/08/2006), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1201, Tremadoc Bay, (15/09/2006 to 28/11/2006)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1201; Tremadoc Bay, Area in SqKm: 263, (15/09/2006 to 28/11/2006), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1202, Westray & Stronsay Firth, (09/11/2006 to 28/12/2006)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1202; Westray & Stronsay Firth, Area in SqKm: 221, (09/11/2006 to 28/12/2006), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1218, Approaches to Orkneys, (03/06/2007 to 13/08/2007)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1218; Approaches to Orkneys (Blocks 1-3), Area in SqKm: 1943; Approaches to Orkneys (Block 4), Area in SqKm: 612; Long Sand Head (A), Area in SqKm: 8, (03/06/2007 to 13/08/2007), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: ETV. FY 2006/07. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1219, Approaches to Lowestoft, (22/04/2007 to 03/05/2007)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1219; Approaches to Lowestoft, Area in SqKm: 9, (22/04/2007 to 03/05/2007), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1220, Holm Channel, (16/04/2007 to 03/05/2007)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1220; Holm Channel, Area in SqKm: 23, (16/04/2007 to 03/05/2007), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1221, Cockle Shoal, (17/04/2007 to 19/04/2007)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1221; Cockle Shoal, Area in SqKm: 5, (17/04/2007 to 19/04/2007), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1222, Sunk, (04/05/2007 to 15/05/2007)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1222; Sunk, Area in SqKm: 6, (04/05/2007 to 15/05/2007), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1223, Long Sand Head, (04/05/2007 to 16/05/2007)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1223; Long Sand Head (A), Area in SqKm: 8; Long Sand Head (B), Area in SqKm: 7; Long Sand Head (C), Area in SqKm: 2, (04/05/2007 to 16/05/2007), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1224, Outer Tongue, (16/05/2007 to 13/05/2007)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1224; Outer Tongue, Area in SqKm: 9, (16/05/2007 to 13/05/2007), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1225, Approaches to Queens Channel, (17/05/2007 to 02/06/2007)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1225; Approaches to Queens Channel, Area in SqKm: 35, (17/05/2007 to 02/06/2007), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1226, Deep Water Route C1, (30/06/2007 to 04/06/2007)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1226; Deep Water Route C1, Area in SqKm: 7, (30/06/2007 to 04/06/2007), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1227, Morcambe Bay (A, B), (11/06/2007 to 15/03/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1227; Morcambe Bay (A), Area in SqKm: 195; Morcambe Bay (B), Area in SqKm: 2, (11/06/2007 to 15/03/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2006/07. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1238, Whale Rock to Flannan Islands, (10/03/2008 to 16/09/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1238; Whale Rock to Flannan Islands (Block 1 Partial 2), Area in SqKm: -54; Whale Rock to Flannan Islands (Block 1 Partial 1), Area in SqKm: 12; Whale Rock to Flannan Islands (Block 2), Area in SqKm: 474, (10/03/2008 to 16/09/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2007/08. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1240, Runabay Head to The Tuns (JIBS), (31/12/2007 to 22/06/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1240; Runabay Head to The Tuns (JIBS), Area in SqKm: 663, (31/12/2007 to 22/06/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: INTERREG. FY 2008/09. Contractor: OSAE.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1241, Fanad head to the Tuns (JIBS), (01/11/2007 to 09/05/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1241; Fanad head to the Tuns (JIBS), Area in SqKm: -357, (01/11/2007 to 09/05/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: INTERREG. FY 2007/08. Contractor: Irish Marine Institute.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1242, Portland Bill to Petit Tor Point, (06/05/2008 to 23/05/2009)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1242; Portland Bill to Petit Tor Point, Area in SqKm: 118, (06/05/2008 to 23/05/2009), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: SW Coastal Monitoring Programme. FY 2007/08. Contractor: Halcrow.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1246, Lizard Point to Lands End, (11/06/2008 to 11/06/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1246; Lizard Point to Lands End, Area in SqKm: 93, (11/06/2008 to 11/06/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: SW Coastal Monitoring Programme. FY 2008/09. Contractor: Halcrow.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1254, Sound of Harris, (28/01/2008 to 15/03/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1254; Sound of Harris, Area in SqKm: 44, (28/01/2008 to 15/03/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2007/08. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1255, Approaches to Stornoway, (28/02/2008 to 24/03/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1255; Approaches to Stornoway, Area in SqKm: 110; Approaches to Stornoway Extension B, Area in SqKm: 1; Approaches to Stornoway Extension A, Area in SqKm: 1, (28/02/2008 to 24/03/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2007/08. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1257, The Isles of Eigg and Muck, (08/10/2008 to 13/01/2009)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1257; The Isles of Eigg and Muck (B1&2), Area in SqKm: 153, (16/03/2008 to 31/03/2008; The Isles of Eigg and Muck (B3_5_6_10), Area in SqKm: 285; The Isles of Eigg and Muck (B4,7,8,9,11,12), Area in SqKm: 337, (08/10/2008 to 13/01/2009), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2007/08. Contractor: MMT.

Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1258; Cockle Shoal, Area in SqKm: 4, (31/05/2008 to 04/06/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1259, Caister Roads, (01/06/2008 to 06/06/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1259; Caister Roads (A), Area in SqKm: 4; Caister Roads (B), Area in SqKm: 4, (01/06/2008 to 06/06/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: MMT.

Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1260; Holm Channel, Area in SqKm: 47, (19/05/2008 to 07/06/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: MMT.

Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1261; Approaches to Lowestoft (A), Area in SqKm: 2; Approaches to Lowestoft (B), Area in SqKm: 1; Approaches to Lowestoft (C), Area in SqKm: 3, (15/05/2008 to 29/05/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1262, North Shipwash, (10/06/2008 to 28/09/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1262; North Shipwash, Area in SqKm: 14, (10/06/2008 to 28/09/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1263, South Ship Head, (10/06/2008 to 28/09/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1263; South Ship Head, Area in SqKm: 7, (10/06/2008 to 28/09/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1264, Sunk, (10/06/2008 to 01/10/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1264; Sunk, Area in SqKm: 20, (10/06/2008 to 01/10/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: MMT.

Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1265; Long Sand Head (TE5A), Area in SqKm: 56; Long Sand Head (TE5), Area in SqKm: 6, (10/06/2008 to 16/09/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1266, Black Deep, (07/09/2008 to 27/09/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1266; Black Deep, Area in SqKm: 64, (07/09/2008 to 27/09/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1267, Black Deep (focused), (10/06/2008 to 21/09/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1267; Black Deep (focused), Area in SqKm: 17, (10/06/2008 to 21/09/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1268, Fishermans Gat, (10/06/2008 to 09/09/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1268; Fishermans Gat, Area in SqKm: 3, (10/06/2008 to 09/09/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1269, Outer Tongue, (12/06/2008 to 09/09/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1269; Outer Tongue, Area in SqKm: 21, (12/06/2008 to 09/09/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1270, Tail of the Falls, (27/09/2008 to 27/09/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1270; Tail of the Falls, Area in SqKm: 6, (27/09/2008 to 27/09/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1272, Cross Sand, (23/05/2008 to 03/06/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1272; Cross Sands (Overview), Area in SqKm: 78, Standard: Reconnaissance. Focused Middle Cross Sand, Area in SqKm: 4; Focused South Cross Sand, Area in SqKm: 3, (23/05/2008 to 03/06/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1274, Papa Stour to Point of Fethaland Blocks 1 to 6, (14/05/2008 to 16/07/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1274; Papa Stour to Point of Fethaland Blocks 1 to 6, Area in SqKm: 607, (14/05/2008 to 16/07/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: ETV. FY 2008/09. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1279, Eastern Approaches to the Nab Channel, (29/09/2008 to 19/10/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1279; Eastern Approaches to the Nab Channel, Area in SqKm: -101, (29/09/2008 to 19/10/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow (LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: Fugro OSAE.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1283, Waternish Point Disproving Search, (31/10/2008 to 31/10/2008)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1283; Waternish Point Disproving Search, Area in SqKm: 5, (31/10/2008 to 31/10/2008), Standard: IHO S44ed4 Order 1. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1291, Workington Bank to Silloth, (12/02/2009 to 08/06/2009)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1291; Workington Bank to Silloth, Area in SqKm: 348, (12/02/2009 to 08/06/2009), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2009/10. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1292, East Anglia Routine Resurvey, (17/07/2009 to 10/08/2009)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1292; East Anglia Routine Resurvey, East Anglia Routine Resurvey Block 3, Area in SqKm: 20; East Anglia Routine Resurvey Block 1, Area in SqKm: 0; East Anglia Routine Resurvey Block 2, Area in SqKm: 1, (17/07/2009 to 10/08/2009), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1293, Thames Estuary Routine Resurvey, (30/07/2009 to 30/08/2009)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1293; Thames Estuary Routine Resurvey Block 2, Area in SqKm: 2; Thames Estuary Routine Resurvey Block 4, Area in SqKm: 3; Thames Estuary Routine Resurvey Block 3, Area in SqKm: 4; Thames Estuary Routine Resurvey Block 1, Area in SqKm: 5, (30/07/2009 to 30/08/2009), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2008/09. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1294, Dover Strait Routine Resurvey, (23/07/2009 to 01/09/2009)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1294; Dover Strait Routine Resurvey Blocks 5-7, Area in SqKm: 18; Dover Strait Routine Resurvey Block 8, Area in SqKm: 14; Dover Strait Routine Resurvey Blocks 1-4, Area in SqKm: 121, (23/07/2009 to 01/09/2009), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2009/10. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1297, Western Approaches to the Small Isles (Pt1 and 2), (23/06/2009 to 17/07/2012)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1297; Western Approaches to the Small Isles (Pt1 and 2), Area in SqKm: 1395, (23/06/2009 to 17/07/2012), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: ETV. FY 2009/10. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1298, Passage of Tiree, (01/11/2011 to 26/10/2012)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1298; Passage of Tiree, Area in SqKm: 1238, (01/11/2011 to 26/10/2012), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2011/12. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1299, Canna to Point of Sleat, (09/05/2009 to 23/06/2009)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1299; Canna to Point of Sleat, Area in SqKm: 546, (09/05/2009 to 23/06/2009), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: ETV. FY 2009/10. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1300, Outer Approaches to Ullapool, (20/04/2009 to 10/06/2009)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1300; Outer Approaches to Ullapool, Area in SqKm: 187, (20/04/2009 to 10/06/2009), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: ETV. FY 2009/10. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1304, St Kilda to the Flannan Islands, (14/05/2010 to 16/07/2010)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1304; St Kilda to the Flannan Islands, Area in SqKm: 1380, (14/05/2010 to 16/07/2010), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium (LT). FY 2009/10. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1312, Dungeness to Newhaven, (01/06/2013 to 01/08/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1312; Dungeness to Newhaven, Area in SqKm: 83, (01/06/2013 to 01/08/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: SE Coastal Monitoring Programme. FY 2013/14. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1315, Isle of Wight South, (07/04/2010 to 12/04/2011)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1315; Isle of Wight South, Area in SqKm: 47, (07/04/2010 to 12/04/2011), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: SE Coastal Monitoring Programme. FY 2010/11. Contractor: Fathoms.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1316, Isle of Wight North, (07/04/2010 to 12/04/2011)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1316; Isle of Wight North, Area in SqKm: 55, (07/04/2010 to 12/04/2011), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: SE Coastal Monitoring Programme. FY 2010/11. Contractor: Fathoms.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1317, Christchurch Bay, (07/04/2010 to 18/10/2010)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1317; Christchurch Bay, Area in SqKm: 17, (07/04/2010 to 18/10/2010), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: SE Coastal Monitoring Programme. FY 2009/10. Contractor: Fathoms.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1322, Approaches to Scalloway, (07/02/2010 to 30/04/2010)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1322; Approaches to Scalloway, Area in SqKm: 84, (07/02/2010 to 30/04/2010), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2009/10. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1323, South Wight EMS, (12/02/2010 to 01/03/2010)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1323; South Wight EMS, Area in SqKm: 144; South Wight EMS, Area in SqKm: 144, (12/02/2010 to 01/03/2010), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Natural England. FY 2009/10. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1324, Sound of Barra, (05/05/2012 to 31/08/2012)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1324; Sound of Barra, Area in SqKm: 172, (05/05/2012 to 31/08/2012), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2011/12. Contractor: EMU.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1325, Flat Holm to Middle Grounds, (08/03/2011 to 08/04/2011)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1325; Flat Holm to Middle Grounds, Area in SqKm: 82, (08/03/2011 to 08/04/2011), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2010/11. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1326, Culver Sand to Flat Holm, (02/02/2011 to 08/03/2011)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1326; Culver Sand to Flat Holm, Area in SqKm: 100, (02/02/2011 to 08/03/2011), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2010/11. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1327, Bristol Channel - Scarweather Sands to Culver Sand, (01/04/2010 to 01/02/2011)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1327; Bristol Channel - Scarweather Sands to Culver Sand, Area in SqKm: 498, (01/04/2010 to 01/02/2011), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow (LT). FY 2010/11. Contractor: Fugro OSAE.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1328, Approaches to Milford haven, (11/04/2010 to 15/03/2011)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1328; Approaches to Milford haven, Area in SqKm: 1101, (11/04/2010 to 15/03/2011), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow (LT). FY 2010/11. Contractor: Fugro OSAE.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1329, Sound of Islay, (03/07/2010 to 10/09/2010)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1329; Sound of Islay, Area in SqKm: 116, (03/07/2010 to 10/09/2010), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2009/10. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1330, Loch Snizort, (13/09/2010 to 02/10/2010)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1330; Loch Snizort, Area in SqKm: 131, (13/09/2010 to 02/10/2010), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: ETV. FY 2010/11. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1331, Little Minches, (12/08/2010 to 27/09/2010)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1331; Little Minches, Area in SqKm: 883, (12/08/2010 to 27/09/2010), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: ETV. FY 2010/11. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1332, Shiant Islands, (07/04/2011 to 16/07/2011)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1332; Shiant Islands, Area in SqKm: 854, (07/04/2011 to 16/07/2011), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: ETV. FY 2010/11. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1333, Hesker Island to Galland Head, (17/05/2010 to 16/05/2011)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1333; Hesker Island to Galland Head, Area in SqKm: 999, (17/05/2010 to 16/05/2011), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium (LT). FY 2010/11. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1334, North Coasts of Yell and Unst, (18/02/2017 to 08/08/2017)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1334; North Coasts of Yell and Unst, Area in SqKm: 159, (18/02/2017 to 08/08/2017), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2017/18. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1335, East Coast of Unst, (05/03/2010 to 22/04/2010)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1335; East Coast of Unst, Area in SqKm: 133, (05/03/2010 to 22/04/2010), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2009/10. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1336, Riff Bank, (28/05/2010 to 20/09/2010)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1336; Riff Bank, Area in SqKm: 27, (28/05/2010 to 20/09/2010), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS. FY 2010/11. Contractor: MMT / NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1338, East Anglia RRS 2011, (03/08/2010 to 27/11/2010)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1338; EA10, Area in SqKm: 1; EA10, Area in SqKm: 6; EA9, Area in SqKm: 20; EA3, Area in SqKm: 1, (03/08/2010 to 27/11/2010), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2010/11. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1339, Thames Estuary and Dover Strait RRS, (22/07/2010 to 02/08/2010)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1339; Thames Estuary and Dover Strait RRS (Pt 2), Area in SqKm: 88; Thames Estuary and Dover Strait RRS (DS), Area in SqKm: 8; Thames Estuary and Dover Strait RRS (Pt 1), Area in SqKm: 32, (22/07/2010 to 02/08/2010), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS (2006 LT). FY 2010/11. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1340, Ramsgate to Minnis Bay, (13/11/2010 to 21/01/2011)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1340; Ramsgate to Minnis Bay, Area in SqKm: 21, (13/11/2010 to 21/01/2011), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: SE Coastal Monitoring Programme. FY 2010/11. Contractor: Fathoms.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1341, Ramsgate to Dungeness, (12/07/2010 to 10/09/2010)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1341; Ramsgate to Dungeness, Area in SqKm: 119, (12/07/2010 to 10/09/2010), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: SE Coastal Monitoring Programme. FY 2010/11. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1343, Natural England Lyme Bay, (06/06/2010 to 20/07/2010)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1343; Natural England Lyme Bay, Area in SqKm: 299, (06/06/2010 to 20/07/2010), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Natural England. FY 2010/11. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1351, Dundalk Bay, (02/09/2011 to 10/06/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1351; Dundalk Bay (Deep Water), Area in SqKm: 152; Dundalk Bay (Shallow Water), Area in SqKm: 146; Dundalk Bay (Reserve Area), Area in SqKm: 140, (02/09/2011 to 10/06/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: INIS Hydro. FY 2011/12. Contractor: Irish Marine Institute.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1352, North Minch, (30/10/2011 to 05/12/2011)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1352; North Minch, Area in SqKm: 904, (30/10/2011 to 05/12/2011), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium (2011). FY 2009/10. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1353, Carlingford Loch & Approaches, (01/05/2011 to 01/11/2012)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1353; SE Mourne Coast, Area in SqKm: 160; Dundrum Bay, Area in SqKm: 213, Contractor: AFBI; Carlingford Loch & Approaches, Area in SqKm: 81, Contractor: Irish Marine Institute, (01/05/2011 to 01/11/2012), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: INIS Hydro. FY 2011/12.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1354, Firth of Lorne, (28/05/2012 to 18/10/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1354; Firth of Lorne, Area in SqKm: 553, (28/05/2012 to 18/10/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: INIS Hydro. FY 2012/13. Contractor: SAMS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1355, Kintyre Renewables v2, (11/10/2012 to 07/11/2012)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1355; Kintyre Renewables v2, Area in SqKm: 108; Kintyre Renewables Extension, Area in SqKm: 9, (11/10/2012 to 07/11/2012), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: INIS Hydro. FY 2012/13. Contractor: NLB.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1356, Plymouth to Start Point, (01/12/2010 to 25/01/2011)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1356; Plymouth to Start Point Blocks 1 & 2, Area in SqKm: 81; Plymouth to Start Point Blocks 1 & 2, Area in SqKm: 81, (01/12/2010 to 25/01/2011), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Natural England. FY 2010/11. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1357, Torbay, (02/12/2010 to 02/02/2011)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1357; Torbay, Area in SqKm: 12; Torbay, Area in SqKm: 12, (02/12/2010 to 02/02/2011), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Natural England. FY 2010/11. Contractor: MMT.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1358, Spurn Point to Flamborough Head, (07/01/2011 to 05/05/2011)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1358; Spurn Point to Flamborough Head, Area in SqKm: 215, (07/01/2011 to 05/05/2011), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: East Riding of Yorkshire Council. FY 2010/11. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1361, Barra Head to Castlebay, (01/04/2012 to 01/08/2012)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1361; Barra Head to Castlebay, Area in SqKm: 135, (01/04/2012 to 01/08/2012), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2011/12. Contractor: EMU.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1362, Outer Approaches to Firth of Lorne, (27/07/2011 to 16/10/2012)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1362; Outer Approaches to Firth of Lorne, Area in SqKm: 1740, (27/07/2011 to 16/10/2012), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2011/12. Contractor: MMT/NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1363, Inner Approaches to the Firth of Lorne, (08/08/2011 to 12/03/2012)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1363; Inner Approaches to the Firth of Lorne, Area in SqKm: 974, (08/08/2011 to 12/03/2012), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium (2011). FY 2012/13. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1364, Sound of Mull, (28/09/2011 to 13/01/2012)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1364; Sound of Mull, Area in SqKm: 149, (28/09/2011 to 13/01/2012), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium (2011). FY 2011/12. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1365, St Brides Bay, (01/12/2011 to 01/09/2012)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1365; St Brides Bay, Area in SqKm: 519, (01/12/2011 to 01/09/2012), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2011/12. Contractor: EMU.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1366, Poole Bay, (26/08/2011 to 01/04/2012)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1366; Poole Bay, Area in SqKm: 618, (26/08/2011 to 01/04/2012), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow (2011). FY 2011/12. Contractor: EMU.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1367, East Anglia Routine Resurveys 2011, (04/05/2011 to 24/08/2011)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1367; East Anglia Routine Resurvey 2011, EA11 Hemsby Hole, Area in SqKm: 12; EA1 Cockle Gatway, Area in SqKm: 49; EA2 Newarp Bank, Area in SqKm: 23; EA3 Cockle Shoal, Area in SqKm: 4; EA4 Caister Road Focused 3yr Area A, Area in SqKm: 3; EA4 Caister Road Focused 3yr Area B, Area in SqKm: 5; EA5 Scroby Sands, Area in SqKm: 14; EA6 Yarmouth Road, Area in SqKm: 4; EA7 Cross Sands Focused Area (A), Area in SqKm: 2; EA7 Cross Sands Focused Area (B), Area in SqKm: 2; EA7 Cross Sands Focused Area (C), Area in SqKm: 1; EA9 Holm Channel Full Area, Area in SqKm: 47; EA10 (A) Entrance to Stanford Ch, Area in SqKm: 2; EA10 (B) Final Hr App (to 5m Contour), Area in SqKm: 1; EA10 (C) Holm Sand, Area in SqKm: 3, (04/05/2011 to 24/08/2011), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS. FY 2011/12. Contractor: MMT/NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1368, Thames Dover, (01/07/2011 to 04/08/2011)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1368; Wallet Spitway (Additional area), Area in SqKm: 6; TE6A Black Deep Focused Area 2, Area in SqKm: 3; Dover DWR C1, Area in SqKm: 6; TE3A Sunk Focused, Area in SqKm: 5; TE6A Black Deep Focused Area 1, Area in SqKm: 1; TEE5A Sunk DWR Focused Area, Area in SqKm: -4; TE5A Trinity and Long Sand Head, Area in SqKm: 6; TE3A Sunk Focused, Area in SqKm: 5, (01/07/2011 to 04/08/2011), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS. FY 2011/12. Contractor: MMT/NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1369, Approaches to Torbay, (08/12/2012 to 17/02/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1369; Approaches to Torbay, Area in SqKm: 828, (08/12/2012 to 17/02/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2012/13. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1370, Approaches to Sound of Jura, (28/10/2012 to 19/08/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1370; Approaches to Sound of Jura, Area in SqKm: 789, (28/10/2012 to 19/08/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2012/13. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1371, Sound of Jura, (16/09/2012 to 25/02/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1371; Sound of Jura, Area in SqKm: 524, (16/09/2012 to 25/02/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2012/13. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1372, Inner Approaches to Moray Firth, (07/02/2012 to 04/07/2012)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1372; Inner Approaches to Moray Firth, Area in SqKm: 3659, (07/02/2012 to 04/07/2012), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium (2011). FY 2011/12. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1373, Loch Linnhe, (02/12/2011 to 10/07/2012)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1373; Loch Linnhe, Area in SqKm: 223, (02/12/2011 to 10/07/2012), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium (2011). FY 2011/12. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1374, Bolt Head to Berry Head, (01/12/2012 to 08/01/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1374; Bolt Head to Berry Head, Area in SqKm: 140, (01/12/2012 to 08/01/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2012/13. Contractor: EMU.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1375, Carmarthen Bay, (06/06/2013 to 01/09/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1375; Carmarthen Bay, Area in SqKm: 927, (06/06/2013 to 01/09/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2012/13. Contractor: EMU.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1376, Liverpool Bay TSS, (13/05/2013 to 31/05/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1376; Liverpool Bay TSS, Area in SqKm: 166, (13/05/2013 to 31/05/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2012/13. Contractor: EMU.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1377, Belfast Lough to St Johns Point, (01/01/2013 to 01/06/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1377; Belfast Lough to St Johns Point, Area in SqKm: 355, (01/01/2013 to 01/06/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2012/13. Contractor: EMU.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1392, Approaches to Inner Sound, (15/11/2011 to 30/07/2012)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1392; Approaches to Inner Sound, Area in SqKm: 342, (15/11/2011 to 30/07/2012), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium (2011). FY 2012/13. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1393, Approaches to Loch Inver, (28/03/2013 to 25/04/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1393; Approaches to Loch Inver, Area in SqKm: 159, (28/03/2013 to 25/04/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: ETV. FY 2011/12. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1394, Eddrachillis Bay, (15/05/2012 to 21/04/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1394; Eddrachillis Bay, Area in SqKm: 101, (15/05/2012 to 21/04/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: ETV. FY 2011/12. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1397, East Anglia RRS, (18/09/2012 to 06/10/2012)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1397; EA3 Focused Area A, Area in SqKm: 0; EA3 Focused Area B, Area in SqKm: 1; EA9, Area in SqKm: 14; EA10, Area in SqKm: 15; EA12, Area in SqKm: 2, (18/09/2012 to 06/10/2012), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS. FY 2012/13. Contractor: MMT/NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1398, Thames RRS, (06/10/2012 to 05/12/2012)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1398; TE 2A, Area in SqKm: 14; TE3A, Area in SqKm: 20; TE7, Area in SqKm: 151; TE5A, Area in SqKm: 50, (06/10/2012 to 05/12/2012), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS. FY 2012/13. Contractor: MMT/NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1399, Dover Strait RRS, (05/12/2012 to 01/01/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1399; DWR C1, Area in SqKm: 7; DWR C2, Area in SqKm: 1; DWR C3, Area in SqKm: 8; GS1, Area in SqKm: 5; GS2A, Area in SqKm: 7; GS2B, Area in SqKm: 2; GS4, Area in SqKm: 29, (05/12/2012 to 01/01/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS. FY 2012/13. Contractor: MMT/NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1401, Approaches to the River Humber (Blocks 1 and 3), (02/01/2013 to 24/05/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1401; Approaches to the River Humber (Blocks 1 and 3), Area in SqKm: 511, (02/01/2013 to 24/05/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2012/13. Contractor: MMT/NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1402, Menabilly to Dodman Point, (07/07/2012 to 05/09/2012)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1402; Menabilly to Dodman Point A, Area in SqKm: 9; Menabilly to Dodman Point B, Area in SqKm: 8; Menabilly to Dodman Point C, Area in SqKm: 9), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: SW Coastal Monitoring Programme. FY 2013/14. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1403, Dodman Point to Falmouth, (07/07/2012 to 05/09/2012)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1403; Dodman Point to Falmouth A, Area in SqKm: 9; Dodman Point to Falmouth B, Area in SqKm: 9; Dodman Point to Falmouth C,M128 Area in SqKm: 9), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: SW Coastal Monitoring Programme. FY 2013/14. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1404, Falmouth to the Lizard, (07/07/2012 to 05/09/2012)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1404; Falmouth to the Lizard A, Area in SqKm: 13; Falmouth to the Lizard B, Area in SqKm: 11; Falmouth to the Lizard C, Area in SqKm: 13), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: SW Coastal Monitoring Programme. FY 2013/14. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1405, St Catherine’s Deep, (Dates: Unknown.)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1405, St Catherine’s Deep. FY 2012/13. Area in SqKm: Unknown. Contractor: Netsurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1406, Lizard Point to Dodman Point (Falmouth Bay), (18/02/2013 to 08/03/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1406; Lizard Point to Dodman Point (Falmouth Bay), Area in SqKm: 129, (18/02/2013 to 08/03/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium (2011). FY 2012/13. Contractor: NetSurvey.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1413, DWR Via DR1 - DR1 to DR2, (10/02/2013 to 21/03/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1413; DWR Via DR1 - DR1 to DR2, Area in SqKm: 418, (10/02/2013 to 21/03/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium (2011). FY 2012/13. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1414, DWR via DR1 - Off Botney Ground TSS, (05/03/2013 to 15/04/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1414; DWR via DR1 - Off Botney Ground TSS, Area in SqKm: 331, (05/03/2013 to 15/04/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium (2011). FY 2012/13. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1415, Off Land's End TSS, (01/08/2013 to 08/12/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1415; Off Land's End TSS, Area in SqKm: 1256, (01/08/2013 to 08/12/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2013/14. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1416, Dover TSS Eastbound - Western Part, (30/08/2013 to 27/10/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1416; Dover TSS Eastbound - Western Part, Area in SqKm: 989, (30/08/2013 to 27/10/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2013/14. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1417, Western Approach to North Hinder, (15/04/2013 to 30/04/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1417; Western Approach to North Hinder, Area in SqKm: 220, (15/04/2013 to 30/04/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2013/14. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1418, DWR Off Brown Ridge, (30/04/2013 to 31/05/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1418; DWR Off Brown Ridge, Area in SqKm: 647, (30/04/2013 to 31/05/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2013/14. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1419, Approaches to the River Humber, (13/09/2013 to 16/04/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1419; Approaches to the River Humber Part 2, Area in SqKm: 491; Approaches to the River Humber Part 4, Area in SqKm: 229, (13/09/2013 to 16/04/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2013/14. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1420, Off Skerries TSS, (24/08/2013 to 01/12/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1420; Off Skerries TSS, Area in SqKm: 917, (24/08/2013 to 01/12/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2013/14. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1421, Approaches to the Wash, (02/12/2013 to 26/05/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1421; Approaches to the Wash, Area in SqKm: 306, (02/12/2013 to 26/05/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2013/14. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1423, Docking Shoal to Blakeney Overfalls, (31/05/2014 to 04/12/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1423; Docking Shoal to Blakeney Overfalls, Area in SqKm: 239, (31/05/2014 to 04/12/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2014/15. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1424, DWR North Hinder to DWR Off Brown Ridge, (17/03/2014 to 17/04/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1424; DWR North Hinder to DWR Off Brown Ridge, Area in SqKm: 570, (17/03/2014 to 17/04/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2013/14. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1425, DWR via DR1 - Welland Field, (01/05/2014 to 01/06/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1425; DWR via DR1 - Welland Field, Area in SqKm: 478, (01/05/2014 to 01/06/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2014/15. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1426, DWR via DR1 -Southern Part, (03/05/2014 to 12/12/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1426; DWR via DR1 -Southern Part, Area in SqKm: 659, (03/05/2014 to 12/12/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2014/15. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1427, The Would, (17/09/2014 to 23/01/2015)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1427; The Would, Area in SqKm: 357, (17/09/2014 to 23/01/2015), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2014/15. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1428, Newarp Banks to Cross Sand, (12/04/2014 to 14/09/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1428; Newarp Banks to Cross Sand, Area in SqKm: 448, (12/04/2014 to 14/09/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2014/15. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1429, Dover TSS Extension Area, (14/06/2014 to 29/06/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1429; Dover TSS Extension Area, Area in SqKm: 118, (14/06/2014 to 29/06/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2014/15. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1430, Western Approach to the Dover TSS, (09/12/2013 to 01/03/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1430; Western Approach to the Dover TSS, Area in SqKm: 704, (09/12/2013 to 01/03/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2013/14. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1432, East Anglia RRS, (01/09/2013 to 01/12/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1432; East Anglia - EA3 Cockle Shoal Area A, Area in SqKm: 0; East Anglia - EA3 Cockle Shoal Area B, Area in SqKm: 1; East Anglia - EA9 Holm Channel, Area in SqKm: 14; East Anglia - EA10 Stanford Ch Area A, Area in SqKm: 2; East Anglia - EA10 Stanford Ch Area B, Area in SqKm: 1, (01/09/2013 to 01/12/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS. FY 2013/14. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1433, Thames Routine Resurvey 2013, (01/09/2013 to 01/12/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1433; Thames Routine Resurvey 2013, Thames Estuary - TE3A Sunk Focussed, Area in SqKm: 6; Thames Estuary - TE5A Sunk DW, Area in SqKm: 4; Thames Estuary - TE5A Long Sand Head, Area in SqKm: 5; Thames Estuary - TE19 Fishermans Gat, Area in SqKm: 3; Thames Estuary - TE14 North East Spit, Area in SqKm: 15, (01/09/2013 to 01/12/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS. FY 2013/14. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1434, Dover Strait RRS, (01/09/2013 to 01/12/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1434; Dover Strait - DS1, Area in SqKm: 5; Dover Strait - DS4b, Area in SqKm: 3; Dover Strait - DS4a, Area in SqKm: 6; Dover Strait - DWR A, Area in SqKm: 7; Dover Strait - DWR B2, Area in SqKm: 26; Dover Strait - DWR C1, Area in SqKm: 7; Dover Strait - DWR H, Area in SqKm: 14; Dover Strait - DWR R1, Area in SqKm: 1; Dover Strait - DWR R2, Area in SqKm: 5; Dover Strait - DWR R3, Area in SqKm: 2; Dover Strait - DWR T, Area in SqKm: 13, (01/09/2013 to 01/12/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS. FY 2013/14. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1435, Dover Strait TSS Westbound Exit, (01/09/2013 to 06/03/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1435; Dover Strait TSS Westbound Exit, Area in SqKm: 539, (01/09/2013 to 06/03/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2013/14. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1436, Dover Strait TSS Bassurelle and Bullock Banks, (07/10/2013 to 31/03/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1436; Dover Strait TSS Bassurelle and Bullock Banks, Area in SqKm: 573, (07/10/2013 to 31/03/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2013/14. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1437, Selsey Bill to Lee-on-Solent, (15/05/2013 to 10/07/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1437; Selsey Bill to Lee-on-Solent, Area in SqKm: 192, (15/05/2013 to 10/07/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: SE Coastal Monitoring Programme. FY 2013/14. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1438, The Swale to Minnis Bay, (16/07/2013 to 12/08/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1438; The Swale to Minnis Bay, Area in SqKm: 39, (16/07/2013 to 12/08/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: SE Coastal Monitoring Programme. FY 2013/14. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1441, Loch Etive, (03/02/2014 to 26/02/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1441; Loch Etive, Area in SqKm: 50, (03/02/2014 to 26/02/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Other. FY 2013/14. Contractor: SAMS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1442, Dover Strait TSS Separation (Central), (17/11/2013 to 30/03/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1442; Dover Strait TSS Separation (Central), Area in SqKm: 293, (17/11/2013 to 30/03/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2013/14. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1443, Dover Strait TSS Separation (West), (06/03/2013 to 17/03/2013)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1443; Dover Strait TSS Separation (West), Area in SqKm: 283, (06/03/2013 to 17/03/2013), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2013/14. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1447, Blakeney Overfalls, (26/01/2014 to 20/02/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1447; Blakeney Overfalls, Area in SqKm: 93, (26/01/2014 to 20/02/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2013/14. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1449, Hurlstone Point to Hinkley Point, (05/01/2015 to 06/04/2015)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1449; Hurlstone Point to Hinkley Point, Area in SqKm: 400, (05/01/2015 to 06/04/2015), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2014/15. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1450, Approaches to Cardigan Bay, (28/07/2014 to 25/11/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1450; Approaches to Cardigan Bay, Area in SqKm: 1239, (28/07/2014 to 25/11/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2014/15. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1451, Caernarfon Bay, (21/03/2015 to 25/08/2015)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1451; Caernarfon Bay, Area in SqKm: 949, (21/03/2015 to 25/08/2015), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2015/16. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1452, Orwell Field, (31/07/2014 to 17/09/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1452; Orwell Field, Area in SqKm: 617, (31/07/2014 to 17/09/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2014/15. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1453, Lyme Bay, (01/11/2014 to 01/03/2015)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1453; Lyme Bay, Area in SqKm: 1145, (01/11/2014 to 01/03/2015), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2014/15. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1454, Eddistone Rocks to Bolt Head, (24/05/2014 to 22/06/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1454; Eddistone Rocks to Bolt Head, Area in SqKm: 279, (24/05/2014 to 22/06/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2014/15. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1455, Eddistone Rocks to Lizard Point, (01/06/2014 to 27/07/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1455; Eddistone Rocks to Lizard Point, Area in SqKm: 792, (01/06/2014 to 27/07/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2014/15. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1458, East Anglia Routine Resurvey 2014, (28/06/2014 to 14/09/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1458; East Anglia Routine Resurvey 2014, East Anglia - EA4 Caister Road A, Area in SqKm: 3; East Anglia - EA3 Cockle Shoal, Area in SqKm: 4; East Anglia - EA4 Caister Road B, Area in SqKm: 2; East Anglia - EA7 Cross Sand A, Area in SqKm: 2; East Anglia - EA7 Cross Sand B, Area in SqKm: 2; East Anglia - EA7 Cross Sand C, Area in SqKm: 0; East Anglia - EA12 Pakefield Road, Area in SqKm: 20; East Anglia - EA10 Stanford Channel B, Area in SqKm: 1; East Anglia - EA10 Stanford Channel A, Area in SqKm: 2; East Anglia - EA9 Holm Channel, Area in SqKm: 41; East Anglia - EA7 Cross Sand Checkline, Area in SqKm: 66, (28/06/2014 to 14/09/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS. FY 2014/15. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1459, Thames Routine Resurvey 2014, (16/06/2014 to 16/07/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1459; Thames Routine Resurvey 2014Thames Estuary - TE5a Long Sand, Area in SqKm: 11; Thames Estuary - TE5 Long Sand Head, Area in SqKm: 6; Thames Estuary - TE5a Sunk DW Route, Area in SqKm: 4; Thames Estuary - TE6 Black Deep, Area in SqKm: 69; Thames Estuary - TE3 South Ship Head, Area in SqKm: 3; Thames Estuary - TE3a Sunk, Area in SqKm: 20, (16/06/2014 to 16/07/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS. FY 2014/15. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1460, Dover Strait RRS - DWR C1, (15/06/2014 to 16/06/2014)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1460; Dover Strait RRS - DWR C1, Area in SqKm: 7, (15/06/2014 to 16/06/2014), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS. FY 2014/15. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1467, Rame Head to Menabilly, (01/05/2015 to 01/07/2015)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1467; Rame Head to Menabilly, Area in SqKm: 56, (01/05/2015 to 01/07/2015), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: SW Coastal Monitoring Programme. FY 2015/16. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1470, Eastern Approach to Isles of Scilly, (13/05/2016 to 19/06/2016)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1470; Eastern Approach to Isles of Scilly, Area in SqKm: 523, (13/05/2016 to 19/06/2016), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2016/17. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1471, Off Smalls TSS, (29/02/2016 to 17/03/2016)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1471; Off Smalls TSS, Area in SqKm: 918, (29/02/2016 to 17/03/2016), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2015/16. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1472, Robin Hood's Bay to Flamborough Head, (17/11/2015 to 28/02/2016)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1472; Robin Hood's Bay to Flamborough Head, Area in SqKm: 807, (17/11/2015 to 28/02/2016), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2015/16. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1473, Flamborough Head to Humber Approach, (15/01/2016 to 12/04/2016)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1473; Flamborough Head to Humber Approach, Area in SqKm: 1148, (15/01/2016 to 12/04/2016), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2015/16. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1474, Sunk TSS, (13/07/2015 to 20/04/2016)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1474; Sunk TSS, Area in SqKm: 547, (13/07/2015 to 20/04/2016), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2015/16. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1475, Dungeness to Hastings, (15/05/2015 to 09/10/2015)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1475; Dungeness to Hastings, Area in SqKm: 441, (15/05/2015 to 09/10/2015), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2015/16. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1476, Hastings to Beachy Head, (20/06/2015 to 23/07/2015)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1476; Hastings to Beachy Head, Area in SqKm: 229, (20/06/2015 to 23/07/2015), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2015/16. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1477, Beachy Head to Newhaven, (03/07/2015 to 09/10/2015)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1477; Beachy Head to Newhaven, Area in SqKm: 378, (03/07/2015 to 09/10/2015), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2015/16. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1478, Newhaven to Shoreham, (07/09/2015 to 17/12/2015)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1478; Newhaven to Shoreham, Area in SqKm: 383, (07/09/2015 to 17/12/2015), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2015/16. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1479, Off Casquets TSS, (01/06/2015 to 29/06/2015)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1479; Off Casquets TSS, Area in SqKm: 467, (01/06/2015 to 29/06/2015), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2015/16. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1480, Western Approach to Off Casquets TSS, (01/05/2015 to 01/06/2015)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1480; Western Approach to Off Casquets TSS, Area in SqKm: 1413, (01/05/2015 to 01/06/2015), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2015/16. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1482, East Anglia Routine Resurvey 2015, (21/09/2015 to 09/12/2015)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1482; East Anglia Routine Resurvey 2015, EA10 Stanford Channel Focussed Area B, Area in SqKm: 1; EA10 Stanford Channel Focussed Area A, Area in SqKm: 1; EA12a Lowestoft South Road, Area in SqKm: 2; EA9 Holm Channel Focused Area, Area in SqKm: 12; EA3 Cockle Shoal Focussed Area B, Area in SqKm: 0; EA3 Cockle Shoal Focused Area A, Area in SqKm: 1, (21/09/2015 to 09/12/2015), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS. FY 2015/16. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1483, Thames Estuary Routine Resurvey 2015, (15/08/2015 to 03/10/2015)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1483; Thames Estuary Routine Resurvey 2015, TE5A Long Sand Head Full Area, Area in SqKm: 33; TE3A Sunk Focused Area, Area in SqKm: 9, (15/08/2015 to 03/10/2015), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS. FY 2015/16. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1484, Dover Strait Routine Resurvey 2015, (08/08/2015 to 25/09/2015)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1484; Dover Strait Routine Resurvey 2015, GS4 South Calliper, Area in SqKm: 18; GS4 Goodwin Knoll, Area in SqKm: 7; GS3 Northern Head of South Calliper, Area in SqKm: 3; GS2 Gull Stream Full Area, Area in SqKm: 25; GS1 South Sand Head, Area in SqKm: 2; DWR C3 Tail of the Falls, Area in SqKm: 8; DWR C1 Tail of the Falls, Area in SqKm: 7, (08/08/2015 to 25/09/2015), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS. FY 2015/16. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1491, Whitby to Redcar, (27/11/2016 to 21/12/2016)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1491; Whitby to Redcar, Area in SqKm: 603, (27/11/2016 to 21/12/2016), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2016/17. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1492, Dudgeon Shoal to Silver Pit, (06/07/2016 to 15/12/2016)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1492; Dudgeon Shoal to Silver Pit Block 2, Area in SqKm: 10; Dudgeon Shoal to Silver Pit Block 1, Area in SqKm: 217, (06/07/2016 to 15/12/2016), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2016/17. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1494, Southwold to Gt Yarmouth, (06/11/2016 to 29/01/2017)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1494; Southwold to Gt Yarmouth, Area in SqKm: 463, (06/11/2016 to 29/01/2017), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2016/17. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1495, Orford Ness to Southwold, (13/09/2016 to 15/03/2017)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1495; Orford Ness to Southwold, Area in SqKm: 796, (13/09/2016 to 15/03/2017), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2016/17. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1496, Folkestone to Goodwin Sands, (30/07/2016 to 13/09/2016)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1496; Folkestone to Goodwin Sands, Area in SqKm: 126, (30/07/2016 to 13/09/2016), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2016/17. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1497, Dungeness to Folkestone, (14/07/2016 to 06/12/2016)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1497; Dungeness to Folkestone, Area in SqKm: 296, (14/07/2016 to 06/12/2016), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2016/17. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1498, Eastern Approach to Solent, (14/12/2017 to 29/01/2018)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1498; Eastern Approach to Solent, Area in SqKm: 616, (14/12/2017 to 29/01/2018), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2017/18. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1499, Southern Approach to Eastern Solent, (28/06/2016 to 27/11/2016)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1499; Southern Approach to Eastern Solent, Area in SqKm: 632, (28/06/2016 to 27/11/2016), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2016/17. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1500, Mounts Bay, (13/05/2016 to 17/06/2016)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1500; Mounts Bay, Area in SqKm: 302, (13/05/2016 to 17/06/2016), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2016/17. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1501, Porthcawl to Barry, (29/08/2017 to 22/03/2018)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1501; Porthcawl to Barry, Area in SqKm: 234, (29/08/2017 to 22/03/2018), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2017/18. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1502, Gower Peninsula to Scarweather Sands, (09/04/2017 to 19/09/2017)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1502; Gower Peninsula to Scarweather Sands, Area in SqKm: 407, (09/04/2017 to 19/09/2017), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2017/18. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1503, Outer Hebrides DWR, (29/05/2016 to 13/06/2016)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1503; Outer Hebrides DWR, Area in SqKm: 915, (29/05/2016 to 13/06/2016), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2016/17. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1504, South Scillies TSS, (19/05/2017 to 17/08/2017)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1504; South Scillies TSS, Area in SqKm: 681, (19/05/2017 to 17/08/2017), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2017/18. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1505, West Scillies TSS, (27/08/2017 to 26/09/2017)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1505; West Scillies TSS, Area in SqKm: 669, (27/08/2017 to 26/09/2017), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2017/18. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1508, Beauforts Dyke North, (05/01/2017 to 18/02/2017)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1508; Beauforts Dyke North, Area in SqKm: 580, (05/01/2017 to 18/02/2017), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2016/17. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1509, Approach to Loch Ryan, (01/02/2017 to 10/02/2017)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1509; Approach to Loch Ryan, Area in SqKm: 207, (01/02/2017 to 10/02/2017), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2016/17. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1512, Yell to Lerwick, (18/02/2017 to 21/08/2017)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1512; Yell to Lerwick, Area in SqKm: 520, (18/02/2017 to 21/08/2017), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Medium. FY 2017/18. Contractor: MMT UK.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1515, Haisborough Sand to Outer Dowsing Channel, (16/02/2018 to 31/03/2018)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1515; Haisborough Sand to Outer Dowsing Channel, Area in SqKm: 686, (16/02/2018 to 31/03/2018), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2017/18. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1516, Southern Approach to Smiths Knoll, (17/01/2017 to 24/03/2017)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1516; Southern Approach to Smiths Knoll, Area in SqKm: 698, (17/01/2017 to 24/03/2017), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2016/17. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1518, Southern Approach to Sunk TSS, (26/01/2017 to 18/05/2017)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1518; Southern Approach to Sunk TSS, Area in SqKm: 729, (26/01/2017 to 18/05/2017), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2016/17. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1519, Goodwin Sands to North Foreland, (07/05/2017 to 05/03/2018)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1519; Goodwin Sands to North Foreland, Area in SqKm: 490, (07/05/2017 to 05/03/2018), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Shallow. FY 2017/18. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1521, East Anglia Routine Resurvey 2016, (18/09/2016 to 03/11/2016)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1521; East Anglia Routine Resurvey 2016, EA9 Holm Channel Focused Area, Area in SqKm: 12; EA3 Cockle Shoal Focused Area B, Area in SqKm: 1; EA3 Cockle Shoal Focused Area A, Area in SqKm: 0; EA10 Stanford Channel, Area in SqKm: 12, (18/09/2016 to 03/11/2016), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS (2016/17). FY 2016/17. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1522, Thames Routine Resurvey 2016, (06/07/2016 to 29/10/2016)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1522; Thames Routine Resurvey 2016, TE6a Black Deep Focused Area 2 Extended, Area in SqKm: 5; TE6a Black Deep Focused Area 1, Area in SqKm: 5; TE5a Trinity DW & Long Sand Focused Area, Area in SqKm: 11; TE5a Sunk DW Focused Area, Area in SqKm: 4; TE3a Sunk Full Focused Area, Area in SqKm: 20; TE2a North Shipwash, Area in SqKm: 12; TE8 Rough Shoals, Area in SqKm: 64; TE10 Buxey Sand, Area in SqKm: 72, (06/07/2016 to 29/10/2016), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS (2016/17). FY 2016/17. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1523, Dover Strait Routine Resurvey 2016, (26/07/2016 to 05/08/2016)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1523; Dover Strait Routine Resurvey 2016, NH2 Noord Hinder South, Area in SqKm: 21; DWR T Deep Water Route Focused, Area in SqKm: 5; DWR C1 Tail of The Falls, Area in SqKm: 7, (26/07/2016 to 05/08/2016), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS (2016/17). FY 2016/17. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1537, Dover Strait TSS, (04/03/2017 to 27/03/2017)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1537; Dover Strait TSS, Area in SqKm: 67; Dover Strait TSS, Area in SqKm: 15; Dover Strait TSS, Area in SqKm: 2, (04/03/2017 to 27/03/2017), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS (2016/17). FY 2016/17. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1542, Isle of Grain to Leysdown, (02/06/2017 to 25/06/2017)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1542; Isle of Grain to Leysdown, Area in SqKm: 48, (02/06/2017 to 25/06/2017), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: SE Coastal Monitoring Programme. FY 2017/18. Contractor: Clinton.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1543, Sunderland to Redcar, (30/11/2017 to 18/01/2018)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1543; Sunderland to Redcar, Area in SqKm: 145, (30/11/2017 to 18/01/2018), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Coastal Monitoring Programme. FY 2017/18. Contractor: Clinton.

Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1545; East Anglia Routine Resurvey 2017, EA4 Caister Road, Area in SqKm: 15; EA5 Scroby Sands Focused, Area in SqKm: 4; EA8 The Roads, Area in SqKm: 29; EA1 Cockle Gatway, Area in SqKm: 15; EA7a Cross Sand Focused, Area in SqKm: 2; EA7b Cross Sand Focused, Area in SqKm: 2; EA10a Entrance to Stanford Channel, Area in SqKm: 1; EA10b Final Approach to Lowestoft, Area in SqKm: 1; EA3 Cockle Shoal, Area in SqKm: 4; EA9 Holm Channel, Area in SqKm: 34, (23/05/2017 to 21/11/2017), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS. FY 2017/18. Contractor: EGS.

Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1546; Thames Routine Resurvey 2017, TE19 Fishermans Gat, Area in SqKm: 15; TE5a Trinity DW Long Sand Focused, Area in SqKm: 11; TE5a Sunk DW Focused, Area in SqKm: 4; TE3a Sunk, Area in SqKm: 9, (16/05/2017 to 06/11/2017), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS. FY 2017/18. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1547, DWR C1 Tail of the Falls, (21/05/2017 to 22/05/2017)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1547; DWR C1 Tail of the Falls, Area in SqKm: 7, (21/05/2017 to 22/05/2017), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: RRS. FY 2017/18. Contractor: EGS.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1576, Swansea Bay, (Dates: 11/01/2018 to 21/02/2018)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1576; Swansea Bay, Area in SqKm: 54, (Dates: 11/01/2018 to 21/02/2018), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contract: Coastal Monitoring Programme. FY 2017/18. Contractor: Gardline.

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1636, EA3a Cockle Shoal Focused Area, (09/10/2019 to 20/10/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1636; EA3a Cockle Shoal Focused Area, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1637, EA3b Cockle Shoal Focused Area, (14/09/2019 to 09/10/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1637; EA3b Cockle Shoal Focused Area, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1638, EA9a Holm Channel Focused, (10/09/2019 to 17/10/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1638; 1638, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1639, EA10a Approaches to Lowestoft, (30/09/2019 to 20/10/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1639; EA10a Approaches to Lowestoft, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1640, EA12A Pakefield Road Focussed, (15/10/2019 to 20/10/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1640; EA12A Pakefield Road Focussed, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1641, TE3a Sunk, (25/08/2019 to 10/09/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1641; TE3a Sunk, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1642, TE5a Sunk DW Focussed, (25/08/2019 to 25/08/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1642; TE5a Sunk DW Focussed, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1643, TE5a Trinity DW and Long Sand, (23/08/2019 to 24/08/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1643; TE5a Trinity DW and Long Sand, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1644, TE 13 Outer Tongue, (18/08/2019 to 07/10/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1644; TE 13 Outer Tongue, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1645, TE14 North East Spit, (12/08/2019 to 18/08/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1645; TE14 North East Spit, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1646, GS1 South Sand Head, (09/04/2019 to 14/05/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1646; GS1 South Sand Head, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1647, DWR A South West Sandettie, (12/06/2019 to 03/10/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1647; DWR A South West Sandettie, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1648, DWR B2 NW Sandettie, (02/06/2019 to 09/07/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1648; DWR B2 NW Sandettie, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1649, DWR C1 Tail of the Falls, (06/07/2019 to 08/07/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1649; DWR C1 Tail of the Falls, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1650, DWR C2 Tail of the Falls, (07/07/2019 to 03/10/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1650; DWR C2 Tail of the Falls, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1651; DWR C3 Tail of the Falls, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1653, DWR M North East Varne, (05/08/2019 to 12/08/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1653; DWR M North East Varne, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1655, DWR N South West Varne, (08/08/2019 to 12/08/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1655; DWR N South West Varne, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1656, DWR R NW Sandettie, (31/05/2019 to 17/10/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1656; DWR R NW Sandettie, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1657, DWR S, (06/06/2019 to 14/10/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1657; DWR S, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1658, DWR T, (29/06/2019 to 08/07/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1658; DWR T, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1659, DWR SWB Area A, (09/07/2019 to 12/10/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1659; DWR SWB Area A, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1660, DWR SWB Area B, (01/07/2019 to 12/10/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1660; DWR SWB Area B, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1661, DWR SWB Area C, (06/06/2019 to 12/10/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1661; DWR SWB Area C, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1662, BC C Culver Sands, (24/07/2019 to 25/07/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1662; BC C Culver Sands, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1671, Teignmouth to Exmouth and Brixham Harbour, (04/11/2019 to 02/12/2019)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1671; Teignmouth to Exmouth and Brixham Harbour, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2019/2020

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1673, Sheringham Soal, (26/03/2020 to 07/08/2020)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1673; Sheringham Soal, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1675, Inner Dowsing, (03/12/2019 to 31/02/2020)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1675; Inner Dowsing, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1676, Western Approach to Aberporth, (09/09/2020 to 05/02/2021)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1676; Western Approach to Aberporth, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1677, St_Davids_Head_to_Strumble_Head, (07/07/2020 to 30/07/2020)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1677; St_Davids_Head_to_Strumble_Head, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1678, Fowey_to_Eddistone_Rocks, (20/04/2020 to 12/05/2020)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1678; Fowey_to_Eddistone_Rocks, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1679, Eddistone_Rocks_to_Bolt_Head, (07/04/2020 to 10/11/2020)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1679; Eddistone_Rocks_to_Bolt_Head, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1680, Kilbrannan_Sound, (17/06/2020 to 29/07/2021)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1680; Kilbrannan_Sound, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1682, Bass_Rock_to_St_Abbs_Head, (26/05/2020 to 14/07/2020)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1682; Bass_Rock_to_St_Abbs_Head, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1683, Spurn Head to Withernsea, (07/05/2020 to 25/05/2020)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1683; Spurn Head to Withernsea, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1684, EA3 Cockle Shoal Full, (02/06/2020 to 08/06/2020)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1684; EA3 Cockle Shoal Full, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1685, EA4 Caister Road Focused, (03/06/2020 to 08/06/2020)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1685; EA4 Caister Road Focused, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1686, EA7 Cross Sands Full Area, (07/10/2020 to 27/10/2020)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1686; EA7 Cross Sands Full Area, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1687, EA9-Holm_Channel-Full- Area, (07-OCT-20 to 29-OCT-20)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1687; EA9-Holm_Channel-Full- Area, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1688, EA10 Approaches to Lowestoft, (06/06/2020 to 10/06/2020)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1688; EA10 Approaches to Lowestoft, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1689, TE2a North Shipwash Full Area, (28/09/2020 to 12/10/2020)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1689; TE2a North Shipwash Full Area, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1690, TE3 South Ship Head Full Area, (10/09/2020 to 14/09/2020)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1690; TE3 South Ship Head Full Area, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1691, TE3A Sunk Focused Area, (06/09/2020 to 10/09/2020)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1691; TE3A Sunk Focused Area, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1692, TE5 Long Sand Head Full Area, (23/08/2020 to 09/09/2020)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1692; TE5 Long Sand Head Full Area, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1693, TE6 Black Deep Full Area, (16/08/2020 to 23/08/2020)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1693; TE6 Black Deep Full Area, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1695, DWR T, (15/08/2020 to 16/09/2020)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1695; DWR T, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1698, TE2b South Shipwash, (14/09/2020 to 28/09/2020)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1698; TE2b South Shipwash, Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a, FY 2020/21

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1709, Duncansby_Hd_to_Pentland_Skerries, (15/07/2021 to 19/12/2021)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1709; Duncansby_Hd_to_Pentland_Skerries

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1710, Sinclairs_Bay_to_Smiths_Bank, (27/05/2021 to 10/12/2021)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1710; Sinclairs_Bay_to_Smiths_Bank

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1714, Dogger_Bank_West, (30/05/2021 to 09/10/2021)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1714; Dogger_Bank_West

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1718, Mermaid_Shoal, (09/04/2021 to 19/07/2021)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1718; Mermaid_Shoal

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1728, Barrow_to_Seascale, (23/08/2021 to 20/09/2021)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1728; Barrow_to_Seascale

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1729, Barrow_to_Seascale, (18/02/2021 to 06/05/2021)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1729; Barrow_to_Seascale

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1736, EA3 Cockle Shoal Focused, (16/09/2021 to 16/10/2021)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1736; EA3 Cockle Shoal Focused

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1737, EA9A Holm Channel Focused, (17/09/2021 to 23/10/2021)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1737; EA9A Holm Channel Focused

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1738, EA10 Approaches to Lowestoft Focused, (09/10/2021 to 23/10/2021)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1738; EA10 Approaches to Lowestoft Focused

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1739, TE3A Sunk Focused, (08/09/2021 to 10/09/2021)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1739; TE3A Sunk Focused

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1740, TE5 Long Sand Head Focused and Sunk DWR Focused, (10/09/2021 to 09/10/2021)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1740; TE5 Long Sand Head Focused and Sunk DWR Focused

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1741, GS2, (10/08/2021 to 07/09/2021)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1741; GS2

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1742, GS3, (19/09/2021 to 23/10/2021)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1742; GS3

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1743, GS4, (14/08/2021 to 07/10/2021)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1743; GS4

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI1744, DWR C1, (25/08/2021 to 06/09/2021)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1744; DWR C1

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI631, England - East Coast, South West Sandettie, (19/06/1994 to 19/06/1994)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI631; England - East Coast, South West Sandettie, (19/06/1994 to 19/06/1994).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI677, Inner Sound - Kyle of Lochalsh, (24/03/1997 to 19/04/1997)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI677; Inner Sound - Kyle of Lochalsh, (24/03/1997 to 19/04/1997).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI683, Swapps NE Ouessant, (22/05/1997 to 22/05/1997)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI683; Swapps NE Ouessant, (22/05/1997 to 22/05/1997).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI728, Duddon Sands to Mull of Galloway, (29/04/1997 to 23/05/1998)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI728; Duddon Sands to Mull of Galloway, (29/04/1997 to 23/05/1998).

Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Bathymetric Survey HI801, England East Coast Flamborough Head to Inner Bank, (17/05/1998 to 20/05/1998)
Samples and associated geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA), Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI801; England East Coast Flamborough Head to Inner Bank, (17/05/1998 to 20/05/1998).

Mass flow and tsunami modelling results for potential events in the Sciara del Fuoco of Stromboli (NERC NE/T009438/1)
Numerical models of mass flows and tsunamis that they generated with their entrance in the sea. The mass flows propagate in the Sciara del Fuoco of Stromboli. The mass flows are not real events, but are rather used as a sensitivity analysis to examine tsunamigenic potential of mass flows of landslides and pyroclastic flows of different durations, volumes and coherence. The data was generated with the two fluid version of the Volcflow model. The material includes tsunami height measurements (plotted as well as raw data) for each run recorded by virtual gauges located around the island (map of gauges included), maximum wave height data in the area around the island and at the shores, a video visualisation of the mass flows and resultant tsunami waves, and a figure of the final deposit from each modelled mass flow. The numerical model simulations were carried out by Symeon Makris. The Volcflow code is not included in the submitted material but it is open source and can be downloaded here: https://lmv.uca.fr/volcflow/

Matlab code and ASCII magnetic field variation data (NERC grant NE/J004693/1)
Data used to create the model outputs for NERC Grant NE/J004693/1, Geophysical Modelling of Geomagnetically Induced Currents in the UK. Data and code required to recreate results in the following papers: Beggan, C. (2015), Sensitivity of Geomagnetically Induced Currents to Varying Auroral Electrojet and Conductivity models, Earth Planets and Space, 67 (1), doi:10.1186/s40623-014-0168-9. http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/509877/ Beggan, C., Beamish, D., Kelly, G.S., Richards, A., and A. W. P. Thomson (2013), Prediction of Geomagnetically Induced Currents in the United Kingdom's National Grid, Space Weather, 11, doi: 10.1002/swe.20065. http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/502627/ Pulkkinen, A., Bernabeu, E., Eichner, J., Beggan C., and A. Thomson (2012), Generation of 100-year geomagnetically induced current scenarios, Space Weather, Vol. 10, No. 4, S04003, doi:10.1029/2011SW000750 Geological areas - United Kingdom, Ireland, North Sea

Maximum groundwater temperature
Annual maximum groundwater temperature.

Mean groundwater temperature
Mean measured groundwater temperature based on surveys.

Mean sortable silt versus depth data in sediment core from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) site 980 (NERC Grant NE/M004619/1)
Mean grain size data in the sortable silt fraction (10-63 um) from 0- 8 meters composite depth in Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) site 980. Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 980 was drilled in July 1995 in the North Atlantic Ocean, on the Feni Drift, off the eastern edge of the Rockall Plateau at 55.49°N, 14.70°W. Hole 980A Position: 55°29.087'N, 14°42.134'W. Hole 980B Position: 55°29.094'N, 14°42.137'W.

Measured electrical conductivity
Measured electrical conductivity of the groundwater at a defined depth interval or for a single point in depth.

Measured groundwater depth
The depth above or below sea level at which the surface of groundwater stands.

Measured groundwater level
The elevation above or below sea level at which the surface of groundwater stands

Measured groundwater temperature
Observed groundwater temperature at a defined depth interval or for a single point.

Measured subsurface temperature profile
The measured temperature below ground level changes as a function of depth.

Measured Urban Soil Chemistry
The BGS digital Measured Urban Soil Chemistry data comprises the locations and concentrations (mg kg-1) of Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni) and Lead (Pb) in urban topsoil samples. The data is derived from the national, high resolution urban soil geochemical data from the BGS Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment (G-BASE) project. The information is relevant for the first stage of any assessment of risks to human health required by regulatory authorities in relation to land use and also for assessing ecological risk. Although point source PHE (Potentially Harmful Element) concentrations above respective SGVs (Soil Guideline Value) do not necessarily imply a significant health risk, they do highlight the need to consider whether or not there may be a risk. The urban soil chemistry data can be used to assist Local Planning Authorities to identify those areas where a risk assessment may need to be carried out by developers. Comparison of this spatially referenced geochemical data with information on current or historic land use and geological information might help environmental professionals decide whether high PHE concentrations in topsoils can be attributed to geogenic or anthropogenic sources. The point source data is based on an interpretation of the records in the possession of the BGS at the time the dataset was created.

Measurements of the the depth, grain size characteristics and sedimentation rate for sediment cores collected from the floodplain of the Rio Beni in 2011, 2012, and 2013 (NERC Grant NE/H009108/1)
The data in this file represent measurements of the the depth, grain size characteristics and sedimentation rate for sediment cores collected from the floodplain of the Rio Beni in 2011, 2012, and 2013. The age of floodplain sediments was determined from measurements of the Pb-210 activity of floodplain sediments within the cores. The sample collection and laboratory techniques and data analysis procedures used to obtain these data are described in: Aalto, R & Nittrouer, C.A. (2012) Phil. Trans. Royal. Society., vol 370, p 2040-2074. This is an ascii text comma delimited file. Each row in the file represents a sediment core. The file contains 12 columns of data representing: column 1: The core name column 2: The latitude of the core location in digital degrees column 3: The longitude of the core location in digital degrees column 4: The year in which the core was collected column 5: The depth of the floodplain core (in cm) column 6: The age of the oldest sediment in the core (in years) column 7: The depth to the oldest sediment in the core (in cm) column 8: The estimated mean sedimentation rate for the core (in cm per year) column 9: The percentage of the core comprised of clay column 10: The percentage of the core comprised of silt column 11: The percentage of the core comprised of sand column 12: The mean density of sediment in the core (in g per cubic cm)

Measurements of uranium diffusion and reaction in soil (NERC grant NE/L000288/1)
Experimental results used to parameterise and a test a mathematical model of uranium diffusion and reaction in soil. The exeperiments and model are described in Darmovzalova J., Boghi A., Otten W., Eades, L., Roose T. & Kirk G.J.D. (2019) Uranium diffusion and time-dependent adsorption-desorption in soil: a model and experimental testing of the model. Eur. J. Soil Sci., doi: 10.1111/ejss.12814. The research was funded by NERC, Radioactive Waste Management Ltd and the Environment Agency through the Radioactivity and the Environment (RATE) programme (Grant Ref NE/L000288/1, Long-lived Radionuclides in the Surface Environment (LO-RISE)).

Mechanical and acoustic properties of antigorite during brittle deformation (NERC grant NE/M016471/1)
These data contain time series of stress, strain, confining pressure, elastic wave velocities of samples of Vermont antigorite and Westerly granite deformed under hydrostatic and triaxial conditions at room temperature and dry conditions. This dataset is used and fully described/interpreted in the paper: David, E.C., N. Brantut, L.N. Hansen and T.M. Mitchell, Absence of stress-induced anisotropy during brittle deformation in antigorite serpentinite, submitted to J. Geophys. Res.

Mechanical and microstructural analysis of synthetic quartz-cemented sandstones- data (NERC Grant NE/L002469/1)
P* data obtained through hydrostatic loading experiments, using triaxial experimental apparatus, as well as yield curve data obtained through differential loading tests, prior to the discovery of P* for different synthetic sandstones. The methodology used was taken from Bedford et al. (2018, 2019). Grain size analysis data obtained using a Beckman Coulter LS 13 320 laser diffraction particle size analyser. Particle analysis was conducted on five different synthetic sandstones with different grain size distributions. Secondary electron and backscatter electron SEM images for natural and synthetic sandstones. Secondary electron images were stitched together to form a whole core image. They were then binarised following the methodology of Rabbani and Ayatollahi. (2015). Hexagon grid size data used to obtain the correct grid size for performing porosity analysis across an mage using Fiji software (Brown, 2000). Bedford, J. D., Faulkner, D. R., Leclère, H., & Wheeler, J. (2018). High-Resolution Mapping of Yield Curve Shape and Evolution for Porous Rock: The Effect of Inelastic Compaction on 476 Porous Bassanite. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 123(2), 1217–1234. Bedford, J. D., Faulkner, D. R., Wheeler, J., & Leclère, H. (2019). High-resolution mapping of yield curve shape and evolution for high porosity sandstone. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. Brown, G. O., Hsieh, H. T., & Lucero, D. A. (2000). Evaluation of laboratory dolomite core sample size using representative elementary volume concepts. Water Resources Research, 36(5), 484 1199–1207. Rabbani, A., & Ayatollahi, S. (2015). Comparing three image processing algorithms to estimate the grain-size distribution of porous rocks from binary 2D images and sensitivity analysis of the grain overlapping degree. Special Topics & Reviews in Porous Media: An International Journal, 6(1).

Mechanical and physical properties of decane-saturated Purbeck Limestone (NERC Grant NE/K009656/1)
These data contain time series of stress, strain, confining pressure, pore pressure, pore volume, permeability and elastic wave velocities of samples of Purbeck Limestone deformed under hydrostatic and triaxial conditions at room temperature. All samples were saturated with decane as pore fluid.This dataset is used and fully described/interpreted in the paper: Brantut, N., M. Baker, L. N. Hansen and P. Baud, Microstructural control of physical properties during deformation of porous limestone, submitted to J. Geophys. Res.

Mechanical and physical properties of quartz sand aggregates (NERC grant NE/K009656/1)
These data contain time series of stress, strain, confining pressure, pore pressure, pore volume and elastic wave velocities of samples of quartz sand aggregates deformed under hydrostatic and triaxial conditions at room temperature. This dataset is used and fully described/interpreted in the paper: Hangx S. J. T. and N. Brantut,Micromechanics of high pressure compaction in granular quartz aggregates, submitted to J. Geophys. Res.

Mechanical data and X-ray CT slices of quartz-monzonite samples deformed by high strain rate loading (NERC grant NE/M004716/1)
Data used for the peer-reviewed manuscript entitled 'Variation of hydraulic properties due to dynamic fracture damage: Implications for fault zones' by Aben, FM, Doan, M-L, and Mitchell, TM. Manuscript currently in revision for Journal of Geophysical Research. Data consists of: Text files with the mechanical data timeseries (confining pressure, and pore volume and pore fluid pressure for two pore fluid pressure intensifiers) obtained during permeability measurements of deformed rock samples. File name contains sample number. Additional two mechanical data files (calib15 and calib18) are calibration files for the pore volume measurements. Manually traced X-ray CT images obtained on six samples.

Mechanical data from laboratory rock physics characterisation and deformation experiments on Westerly granite and Darley Dale sandstone (NERC Grant NE/K009656/1)
Data recorded during hydrostatic pressurisation and triaxial rock deformation experiments of Westerly granite and Darley Dale sandstone. Data consists of mechanical data (load, displacement, confining pressure) and pore pressure data (up- and downstream pore pressure, upstream intensifier volume, four pore pressure transducers mounted on sample). Contains all data necessary to evaluate the results presented in the paper entitled: 'Fluid pressure heterogeneity during fluid flow in rocks: New laboratory measurement device and method' by Brantut and Aben, submitted to Geophysical Journal International, and available at arXiv (arXiv:2006.16699).

Mechanical data from laboratory shear failure experiments of fluid saturated Westerly granite (NERC Grant NE/S000852/1)
Data recorded during triaxial rock deformation experiments of Westerly granite in the presence of pressurised pore fluids (water). Data consists of mechanical data (load, displacement, confining pressure) and pore pressure data (up- and downstream pore pressure, upstream intensifier volume, four pore pressure transducers mounted on sample). Contains all data necessary to evaluate the results presented in the paper entitled: 'Dilatancy stabilises shear failure in rock' by Aben and Brantut, submitted to Earth and Planetary Science letters, and available at arXiv (arXiv:2101.10036).

Mechanical properties of saw-cut Westerly Granite during injection from a borehole in a laboratory sample (NERC grant NE/K009656/1)
This dataset is used and fully described/interpreted in the paper: Passelegue, F. X., N. Brantut, T. M. Mitchell, Fault reactivation by fluid injection: Controls from stress state and injection rate, submitted to Geophys. Res. Lett. Text files contain raw and processed data. Mechanical data are raw. Load needs to corrected (offset) from piston friction, measured at the beginning of each run before the hit point. Axial displacement is converted into sample shortening by correcting the load from machine stiffness, which is equal to 480 kN/mm (calibrated on Mon. 14 Mar. 2016). Data include a set of elastic wave first arrival times, obtained from time of flight measurements using an array of piezoelectric transducers and the cross-correlation method detailed in Brantut (2015) (see reference above). Two separate files correspond to mechanical data from experiments conducted at 50 and 100 MPa confining pressure (""mech_Pc=???MPa.txt""). One file (""sensors.txt"") contains the initial positions of each piezoelectric transducer. Files named ""wave_?_Pc=100MPa.txt"" (?=1,2,3 or 4) contain time series of arrival times during the four injections conducted at Pc=100MPa. Each column consists in the time-of-flight between a given pair of sensors (x->y, where x is the index of source sensor, and y is the index of the receiver sensor, as per their numbering in the ""sensors.txt"" file.) In all the data files, the first column corresponds to a common time basis, in seconds.

Mechanical response of anisotropic rocks under hydraulic fracture conditions: new experimental insights (NERC grant NE/L009110/1)
Text data capturing pore fluid pressures (upstream and downstream), axial stress, axial and radial displacement were conditioned and logged by a high-speed data acquisition unit (NI-DAQ 6341) recording data at 10kHz. Two additional cantilever-type radial strain probes are attached directly to the sample at 90 degrees to each other, with an average output calculated via sqrt[(rA2 + rB2)], where rA and rB are the two radial outputs, to monitor an average radial strain and crack opening displacement.

Melt inclusion, host mineral, and glass compositions from the 2014-15 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland (NERC grant NE/M021130/1)
Geochemical analyses of melt inclusions, host minerals, and glasses from the 2014-15 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland. Published in: Hartley ME, Bali E, Neave DA, Maclennan J, Halldorsson SA (2018) Melt inclusion constraints on petrogenesis of the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland. Contrib Mineral Petrol 173:10. doi:10.1007/s00410-017-1435-0

Melting in the Deep Earth (NERC grants NE/I010734/1 and NE/I010947/1)
Published paper from grant NE/I010734/1, Modeling the melting of multicomponent systems: the case of MgSiO3 perovskite under lower mantle conditions by Cono Di Paola and John P. Brodholt doi: 10.1038%2Fsrep29830 Two published papers from NERC grant NE/I010947/; Thomson et al AmMin 2014 Experimental Determination of Melting in the systems Enstatite-Magnesite and Magnesite-Calcite from 15 to 80 GPa http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am.2014.4735 Lord et al EPSL 2014 The Melting Curve of Ni to 1 Mbar http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.09.046 Grant Abstract: Melting in the Earth has a huge effect on its chemical and physical state. For instance, the chemistry of the crust, the mantle and the atmosphere are largely controlled by melting and crystalisation at mid-ocean ridges, hotspots or island arcs. There has, therefore, been an enormous effort in the last decades to understand these shallow melting processes. Yet much deeper melts may have been equally influential in the evolution of the Earth. For instance, it is generally accepted that a deep magma ocean perhaps extending to the Earth's centre, existed early its history. This was the result of multiple impacts as the Earth accreted. From this magma ocean, iron melts separated from silicate melts to form the core, volatiles degassed to form an early atmosphere, and a proto-crust may have formed. It is also accepted that the Earth was hit by a Mars-sized body to create the moon; this too would have caused enormous amounts of melting in the deep Earth. Moreover, there is some evidence for melting in the deep Earth now. It is possible, therefore, that melts in the deepest Earth have existed throughout Earth's history. However, many basic data on the physical and chemical properties of deep melting do not exist. For instance, we don't know the melting curves for mantle minerals and rocks at the pressure and temperatures of the deep Earth. We don't know which minerals crystalise from these melts first (the liquidus phases). We don't know the composition of partial melts of deep mantle rocks or rocks which have been subducted. We don't know the relative densities of the rocks and their melts, and so we do not even know whether minerals float of sink in these deep melts. This lack of data has led to much speculation on the effect of deep melts on the Earth's evolution. For instance, it has been suggested that geophysical and geochemical anomalies in the Earth's mantle have deep early melts as their origin. But these models depend of the chemical and physical properties of the melts and crystalline solids, properties that are simply not known. This project will use novel experiments in conjunction with ab initio modelling obtain these data. The data will provide the chemical and physical foundation on which all future models of the Earths early crystallization and subsequent evolution will be based.

Mercury isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Mercury (Hg), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Mesoarchean Sulphur Springs Group, Australia, stable carbon, nitrogen isotopes and metal abundances (NERC grant NE/V010824/1)
Organic carbon and bulk nitrogen isotope and abundance data and metal abundance data from the Mesoarchean VMS deposit and associated strata. Detailed information is given in Stueeken, E.E., Boocock, T.J., Robinson, A., Mikhail, S. and Johnson, B.W., 2021. Hydrothermal recycling of sedimentary ammonium into oceanic crust and the Archean ocean at 3.24 Ga. Geology, 49(7), pp.822-826.

Mesoproterozoic Burzyan and Yurmatau groups, Russia, stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes and Pb-U data (NERC grant NE/V010824/1)
Organic carbon and total nitrogen isotope data for black shales and U-Pb data for apatite solutes from the Burzyan and Yurmatau groups in the Urals, Russia. For detailed discussion see Stüeken, E.E., Kuznetsov, A.B., Vasilyeva, I.M., Krupenin, M.T. and Bekker, A., 2021. Transient deep-water oxygenation recorded by rare Mesoproterozoic phosphorites, South Urals. Precambrian Research, 360, p.106242.

Mesoproterozoic Diabaig Formation, stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes and metal abundances (NERC grant NE/V010824/1)
Organic carbon and nitrogen and bulk nitrogen isotope data and metal abundance data for siltstones and shales of the Mesoproterozoic Diabaig Formation. For a detailed description and interpretation, see Stüeken, E.E. and Prave, A.R., 2022. Diagenetic nutrient supplies to the Proterozoic biosphere archived in divergent nitrogen isotopic ratios between kerogen and silicate minerals. Geobiology.

Messina PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Messina, Italy. It has been provided by IREA as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Metadata catalogue of CGS
CGS Metadata catalogue is the central access point to search information (metadata) about data sources that are maintained and provided for public by the CGS. It is based on MIcKA system, which enables the user to work with metadata of spatial data in accordance with international standards (ISO, OGC and INSPIRE). Metadata are administered centrally in a database, edited and viewed through a web interface, and published by means of a standardized catalogue service (CS-W).

Metal Rich Sediments
The Geological Survey Ireland (GSI), as partner and Work Package 7 (Minerals) leader of EMODnet Geology Phase III, are compiling information on metal rich sediments. EMODnet partners are submitting the spatial extent of mapped deposits and established information; here you can view data collated thus far. Need abstract information here.....

Metal Rich Sediments (points)
The Geological Survey Ireland (GSI), as partner and Work Package 7 (Minerals) leader of EMODnet Geology Phase III, are compiling information on metal rich sediments. EMODnet partners are submitting the spatial extent of mapped deposits and established information; here you can view data collated thus far. Need abstract information here.....

Metal Speciation And Bioavailability For Risk Assessment And Remediation.
The full title of this project is" Studies into metal speciation and bioavailability to assist risk assessment and remediation of brownfield sites in urban areas" and is funded by NERC under the URGENT thematic programme form 1998-2001. The project is being undertaken by a consortium of workers from the Imperial College, University of Nottingham, and the British Geological Survey. Innovative collaborative and multi-disciplinary research will be applied to the interpretation of urban geochemical maps and associated meta-datasets to assist decision making by local authorities in the redevelopment of brownfield sites. Source apportionment, speciation and bioavailability of potentially toxic heavy metals will be studied at representative conurbations in the UK Midlands region. Scanning electron microscopy, chemical extractions and soil solution and vegetable analysis, will be integrated with high precision isotopic analyses of Pb and other potential toxic metals in this study. The results will be available as maps in GIS format to provide a generic decision support system for quantitative health risk assessment.

Metallogenic Map of the Republic of Srpska
Metallogenic map of the Republic of Srpska represents the basis for assesing the ore potential and prospect of particular territory in order to increase the degree of economy and effectiveness of future geological researches metallic and non-metallic mineral raw materials and solid fossil fuels of the Republic of Srpska. The basis for preparation of this Metallogenic Map is the Formational Geological Map of the same scale which was created on the basis of the Basic Geological Map of SFRY 1:100 000, the Geological Map of the Republic of Srpska 1:300 000, the Map of Mineral Resources 1:300 000 and the archive of the Geological Survey of the Republic of Srpska. There is also the Interpreter for this map.

Meteorological Data from BGS Virkisjökull-Falljökull Glacier Observatory, 2009-2020
This dataset presents meteorological records from 3 weather stations around a glacier in southeast Iceland from 2009-2020. The weather stations were installed as part of British Geological Survey’s Glacier Observatory project, and were positioned at different altitudes close to the ice to record glacier weather. The data is in text format, and records key meteorological parameters including temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar irradiance. The weather stations were placed around Virkisjökull-Falljökull, an outlet glacier of the Öraefajökull ice cap in south east Iceland (AWS1 at 16°48'19"W, 63°57'53"N; AWS3 at 16°47'5"W, 63°58'13"N, and AWS4 at 16°48'7"W , 63°59'52"N). AWS1 was installed in September 2009, with AWS3 installed in September 2010, and AWS4 in September 2011. AWS3 and AWS4 were decommissioned in August 2018, and AWS1 in May 2020. AWS1 was located 100m from the current glacier margin at 156m a.s.l.; AWS3 sat 50m from the icefall at 444m a.s.l.; and AWS4 was situated on a clifftop overlooking the glacier at 858m a.s.l., close to the Equilibrium Line Altitude of the glacier. These were positioned at different altitudes to determine changes in weather parameters with height, thus producing for example, temperature or humidity gradients. The three stations were wirelessly linked, allowing data from the upper stations to be offloaded to the datalogger on the lower station. On-site downloads were completed using Campbell Scientific LoggerNet 4.x series software. AWS1 maintained mobile phone telemetry enabling automatic remote downloads of data from all stations on a daily basis, and remote access for software updates and health checks. Each AWS supported a slightly different sensor array, depending on the requirements of the site, and were mounted on 1.5m Campbell Scientific tripods. All of the stations were designed around a Campbell Scientific CR800 datalogger, and were solar powered, using combinations of PV panels up to 100W, supplying a Campbell Scientific 25Ah battery mounted on the tripod, plus a 110Ah gel cell battery back up in a separate housing. The data will be of use to researchers and students interested in the weather of southeast Iceland, glacier climate, local influence of glaciers on more regional synoptic weather systems, glacier climate modellers, glacier hydrologists and hydrogeologists. The BGS project was led and coordinated by Dr Jez Everest, technical support and implementation by Heiko Buxel and data Quality Assurance and checking by Dr Jon Mackay. Any periods where equipment malfunction, testing or replacement meant that no or unreliable data were collected are indicated by a ‘NAN’ value in the datasets.

Methane and CO2 gas concentrations and stable isotope analyses of select cuttings samples from GGA05 and GGA08 boreholes
IDA272269 Methane and CO2 gas concentrations and stable isotope analyses of cutting samples from GGA05 and GGA08 boreholes of the Glasgow UKGEOS facility. Cutting samples were collected approximately every 3m depth in gas tight isojars by the BGS. Geochemical gas analyses was carried out at the Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (SUERC) and consisted of bulk concentration analysis using gas chromatography; followed by δ13CCH4, δ13CCO2, and δD stable isotope analyses on a methane combustion line (full methods attached). This data was collected to investigate the variability of gas fingerprints with depth within the Glasgow coal mine workings, and unmined Carboniferous coal measures. Samples and data are derived from the UK Geoenergy Observatories Programme funded by the UKRI Natural Environment Research Council and delivered by the British Geological Survey.

Methane and CO2 gas concentrations and stable isotope data from select core samples from UKGEOS Glasgow GGC01 borehole
IDA267644 Methane and CO2 gas concentrations and stable isotope analyses of select core samples from GGC01 borehole of the Glasgow UKGEOS facility. Core samples were collected approximately every 10m depth in gas tight isojars by the BGS. Geochemical gas analyses was carried out at the Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (SUERC) and consisted of bulk concentration analysis using gas chromatography; followed by δ13CCH4, δ13CCO2, and δD stable isotope analyses on a methane combustion line (full methods attached). This data was collected to investigate the variability of gas fingerprints with depth within the Glasgow coal mine workings, and unmined Carboniferous coal measures. Samples and data are derived from the UK Geoenergy Observatories Programme funded by the UKRI Natural Environment Research Council and delivered by the British Geological Survey.

Method validation of IC-ICPMS with chlorine removal for phosphite analysis (NERC Grant NE/V010824/1)
Method development for trace-level analyses of phosphite in chloride-rich matrices. Dataset includes linearity data from the ion chromatograph (IC) in stand-alone mode and coupled to the inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), with and without removing chloride from the solution, as well as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data for phosphorus species. The results demonstrate successful removal of the chloride matrix for analyses of phosphite in solutions at sub-ppb concentrations. Additional details about the methodology are published in Baidya, A.S. and Stüeken, E.E., 2024, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 38(1), p.e9665.

MFIX simulation input files and results of simulation of fragmentation-induced fluidization, and laboratory analyses of volcanic pyroclastic density current material (NERC Grant NE/V014242/1)
MFIX (Multiphase Flow with Interphase eXchanges) simulation input files and results of simulation of fragmentation-induced fluidization, and laboratory analyses of volcanic pyroclastic density current material. The data consists of: 1) the Fortran90 input files for the MFIX (Multiphase Flow with Interphase eXchanges) TFM simulation runs, 2) the postprocessed MFIX results from our simulations present within Excel sheets 3) laboratory results on the particle shape, size distribution and porosity of the volcanic granular mixtures, presented within Excel sheets. The dataset presented was gathered to investigate the role of compaction, resulting from particle fragmentation, within volcanic granular flows known as pyroclastic density currents. The presented results were obtained from a combination of laboratory analyses and numerical modelling, using Computational Fluid Dynamics. In the laboratory, characterization of the particle size distributions and shape of volcanic grains was undertaken to understand their packing properties. Using the Two-Fluid Model (TFM), an Eulerian-Eulerian method, I was able to simulate the effect of particle breakage on natural scale volcanic mixtures. This model supports a broad range of capabilities for dense multiphase flow. The code was used to investigate the role of particle breakage in pyroclastic density currents, which alters the maximum packing of the granular mixture and ultimately the concentration of the flow during transport. Because the solid phase is immersed in air, the code allowed me to simulate the self-fluidization of the volcanic mixture and the effect on its flowability. These simulations enable me to propose a new process that can play a large role in the occurrence of long runout deadly pyroclastic density currents: Fragmentation-Induced Fluidization. The laboratory work was conducted at the University of Oregon (USA) while the numerical work was completed by running the simulations on the UKRI ARCHER2 HPC and the Talapas Cluster from the University of Oregon (US). The data processing was ongoing from August 2021 to December 2021 (Lab analyses) and February 2022 to August 2022 (HPC work). The MFIX simulation results have been post-processed using ParaView open-source software but can be reproduced by the user using the MFIX custom-changed subroutines and input files contained within the dataset. The data was collected to test the hypothesis that compaction, and subsequent self-fluidization is key to the long-runout of pyroclastic density currents. Specialized audience that work on granular media and volcanic flows. The MFIX code that is modified from the core code from the Department of Energy (DOE) is all present. The missing core code can be downloaded from the DOE department https://mfix.netl.doe.gov/. All the experimental data from lab experiments are presented.

Mg and Li isotope data on laboratory clay minerals and metadata (NERC grant NE/M001865/1)
Clay minerals (smectites) were synthesised experimentally to determine isotope fractionation factors (Li and Mg). The data are provided here. Interpretation is ongoing.

Mg/Ca ratios from multiple species of planktonic foraminifera from the Middle Miocene to modern from multiple sites in the global ocean (NERC Grant NE/N002598/1)
Mg/Ca in multiple species of planktonic foraminifera from five time slices since the Middle Miocene to present (target ages 15, 12.5, 10, 7.5, 4.5, 2.5 and 0 Ma). These samples are from a range of globally and latitudinally distributed DSDP (Deep Sea Drilling Program), ODP (Ocean Drilling Program), IODP (International Ocean Discovery Program) open ocean sites. From low to high latitudes these are: Site U1338, U1489 (Eastern and Western Equatorial Pacific), Sites 871, 872, and Site U1490, (Western Tropical Pacific), Site 242 (Mozambique Channel, Indian Ocean), U1482 (Australian Continental Margin), Site 516 (Western Atlantic Ocean), Site 1138 (Kerguelen Plateau, Southern Ocean). The Mg/Ca ratios were measured using Inductively coupled mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) at Cardiff University between December 2018 and June 2019. The data were collected to explore Mg/Ca values for modern and extinct species at different intervals of time (which were different climatically) and at different geographical locations. This data was collected by E.Mawbey as part of a project funded by NERC (Q10 project) to investigate changes in foraminiferal depth habitat in response to different climate conditions.

Micro-structural images and analysis of Chicxulub Peak Ring material and Numerical Simulation Data of the Chicxulub Impact (NERC grant NE/P011195/1)
The data within this repository contains results from IODP-ICDP Expedition 364 which drilled the Peak Ring of the Chicxulub Crater, offshore Mexico. The offshore phase of this expedition occurred in April-May 2016, while the onshore phase occurred in October 2016. Further details of the IODP expedition can be found in the expedition report ( https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.364.2017). The data within the repository is sorted into 4 separate folders: 1 - Optical_Images 2 - SEM_Image_Processing 3 - UStage 4 - Numerical_Models 1 - Optical_Images This folder contains two sub-folders: Optical_WholeSection, which contains whole thin-section plane- and cross-polarised stitched images of thin sections from Hole M0077A, acquired using a Zeiss optical microscope at 4x magnification at Curtin Univesity, Perth. Section names follow IODP standard sample naming convention. Optical_Photos, which contains sub-sub-folders delimiting samples, each of which contains individual images of features of interest in thin sections from Hole M0077A, magnification and a brief description of the feature are indicated by the file name and scale bars are provided on the image. 2 - SEM_Image_Processing This folder contains 10 sub-folders, specific to the individual analysed section. Each sub-folder contains a whole thin-section Back-Scattered Electron (BSE) Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) stitched tiff image with a pixel width of 750nm. Data was acquired using a Zeiss Ultra Plus SEM at the NHM London. The images were then processed to analyse pore spaces within the thin sections. All folders contain a text file called “TOTAL.txt” which records data from every pore within the thin section. If the thin section contained any cataclasite bodies, two additional text files “CATACLASITE.txt” and “CATACLASITE_TOTALAREA.txt” can be found, the former contains the pore analysis of the selected cataclasite area, the latter indicates the size of the selected cataclasite area. All image analysis was carried out using the ImageJ software package. 3 - UStage This folder contains one .xlsx file that summarises the results of universal-stage optical microscope analysis of quartz planar deformation features of thin sections within hole M0077A. 4 - Numerical Models This folder contains 5 text files. “asteroid.inp” and “material.inp” are the input model parameters of the iSALE shock physics code ( http://www.isale-code.de/redmine/projects/isale), these inputs were used to model the Chicxulub impact. Post-processing of the data was achieved using python to track the Stress-Strain-time paths of peak ring material, the remaining three .txt files contain the results of that analysis at different temporal resolutions.

Micro CT Images of Borehole GGC01
These images were acquired using micro computed tomographic imaging of 4 sandstone plugs taken at various depths in the Glasgow UKGEOS borehole GGC01. GG496 (170.07 m), GG497 (168.66 m), GG498 (73.37 m) and GG499 (135.06 m). These samples are further detailed and analysed in the following article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/petgeo2020-092.

Micro CT Images of Sellafield Borehole 13B
These images were acquired using micro computed tomographic imaging of 7 sandstone plugs taken at various depths in the Sellafield borehole 13B. SF696 (63.8 m), SF697 (76.1 m), SF698 (96.98 m), SF699 (126.27 m), SF700 (144.03 m), SF701 (172.16 m) and SF702 (181.39 m). These samples are further detailed and analysed in the following article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/petgeo2020-092

Microbial DNA extraction and PCR from core samples SSK105556 and SSK105560 from UKGEOS Glasgow Observatory, borehole GGC01
Microbial DNA concentrations from DNA extraction using Qiagen PowerSoil Pro DNA Extraction kit and subsequent Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) from core samples collected and preserved for microbiology (SSK105556 and SSK105560) from UKGEOS Glasgow Observatory, borehole GGC01. DNA extractions and subsequent amplification using PCR indicate levels of microbial DNA below detection limits. NERC grant SHAPE-UK NE/R018006/1.

Microbial DNA extraction and PCR from core samples SSK111456 and SSK111457 from UKGEOS Glasgow Observatory borehole GGC01
Loan IDA number IDA271576. Microbial DNA concentrations from DNA extraction using Qiagen PowerSoil Pro DNA Extraction kit and subsequent PCR from shale and sandstone core samples collected and preserved for microbiology (shale SSK111456 and sandstone SSK111457) from UKGEOS Glasgow Observatory, borehole GGC01. DNA extractions and subsequent amplification using PCR indicate levels of microbial DNA below detection limits. Samples and data are derived from the UK Geoenergy Observatories Programme funded by the UKRI Natural Environment Research Council and delivered by the British Geological Survey.

Microbial enrichment experiments (unsuccessful) from core samples SSK111460 and SSK111461 from UKGEOS Glasgow Observatory, borehole GGC01
Loan IDA number - IDA271576. No data was obtained for microbial cultivation experiments with core samples SSK111460 and SSK111461 from UKGEOS Glasgow Observatory, borehole GGC01. Samples and data are derived from the UK Geoenergy Observatories Programme funded by the UKRI Natural Environment Research Council and delivered by the British Geological Survey. Attached document described methodology of enriching sandstone core (SSK111461) in different media types and shale core (SSK111460) in synthetic groundwater. No microbial growth was seen after 7 months.

Microbial genomic DNA data for participant collected household vacuum dust from homes across two bioclimatic regions (UK and Greece) (NERC Grant NE/T004401/1)
The <250um fraction of 19 household vacuum dust samples (collected by citizen participants during 2019-2021) were extracted using high throughput isolation of microbial genomic DNA and sequenced using Illumina NextSeq (12 samples from a national campaign within the UK, 7 samples from Greece and a negative reagent control included to ensure sterility throughout the processing and sequencing steps). These data are available (following period of embargo) from the European Nucleotide Archive via the individual sample accession numbers ERS9609044 to ERS9609063, submitted under the study ID PRJEB49546. Sample location data are provided at town/city, country level. Given the amount of time people spend indoors, residential environments are perhaps the most important, but understudied environments with respect to human exposure to microbes and other contaminants. Across our urban environments, anthropogenic activities (both current and legacy) provide for multiple sources and pathways for the generation and distribution of microbes, inorganic and organic contaminants within the home environment, yet we know relatively little about the potential for dissemination of antibiotic resistance in microbial communities within indoor dust.

Microbial Response to Low Concentrations of Oxygen in a Carbon Dioxide Storage Environment
EngD thesis describing experiments carried out using a variety of sandstones. This thesis investigates the microbial response to 10 ppm oxygen and 100ppm oxygen in experiments representing deep saline aquifer conditions. All experiments were conducted using sandstone, artificial groundwater and a microbial community designed to represent conditions found within deep saline aquifers. A microbial community, containing sulphate reducing bacteria, was isolated and identified from sandstone samples and then used in the experiments. The experiments were batch microcosms, a high pressure bioreactor and column flow experiments. Analyses of these experiments were conducted through gas analysis, water chemistry and DNA analysis from microbial communities.

microCT Scan Images of Hydrogen Storage in Coal
H2 adsorption data on sub-bituminous coal as a function of pressure. Hydrogen flooding of a coal core. Micro CT imaging of the effect on coal swelling after hydrogen injection. Hydrogen is trapped, and no swelling is observed indicating that coal might be a good candidate for the storage of hydrogen.

Microfossils - Raw Dataset
Microfossil samples submitted to the BGS are currently registered using the prefix 'MPA'. Samples include rock, residues from sample preparations, and slides of mounted specimens. Rock, residues and slides from the same sample all bear the same unique identifying sample number. The numbers MPA 1 to 51000 have been used, but this grows steadily. There are currently 21 volumes of registered samples.

Microfossils - Value Added Dataset
Microfossil samples submitted to the BGS biostratigraphy laboratory are currently registered using the prefix 'MPA'. Samples include rock, residues from sample preparations, and slides of mounted specimens. Rock, residues and slides from the same sample all bear the same unique identifying sample number. The numbers MPA 1 to 54400 have been used, but this grows steadily. There are currently 21 volumes of registered samples. The value added dataset comprises data for each sample held in the sample register, including collectors' symbols and numbers, 1:10k (or 6") OS quarter sheet, NGR, 1:50k (or 1") geological sheet, borehole name and depth (if relevant), locality, geological formation and report numbers. The value added dataset also includes identifications of specimens on each slide, which are listed on logging sheets and are held separately.

Microfossils from the continental shelf - value added data
Added value microfossil analyses carried out on material from the British Continental shelf are included. Sample number, borehole details, locality and geological information are given together with microfossil identification. The identification logging sheets are housed in box files. Symbols included: CSA1-2205 Continental Shelf Unit North; CSB1-6047 Continental Shelf Unit South; CSC1-7134 Offshore microfossils; CSD1-507 Offshore microfossils; CSE1-6826 Offshore microfossils (incidental and occasional macrofossil data are included). The raw data is held in CONTSHELFRAW and the interpretative reports relating to the microfossils are held elsewhere (TECHREPORTS).

Microfossils From The UK.
Three volumes of SAM samples (SAM1-SAM4789) exist. They represent the work of FW Anderson in the 1950s and 1960s. All samples were re-registered into other datasets. They are predominantly from the Cretaceous and Tertiary. Sample number, fossil type, locality and geological details are given, including borehole name and depth where appropriate.

Microgravity data collected at Uturuncu Volcano between March 2010 and November 2018 (NERC Grant NE/S008845/1)
Microgravity data collected at Uturuncu Volcano between March 2010 and November 2018 The file contains microgravity data collected between March 2010 and November 2018 in the Altiplano-Puna Volcanic complex.

Microgravity data from Uturuncu Volcano, central Andes (November 2022) (NERC Grant NE/S008845/1)
Microgravity data collected at Uturuncu Volcano located in the Altiplano-Puna Volcanic Complex, central Andes, in November 2022. Raw data collected along a survey line spanning from Laguna Colorada to Laguna Verde using a field gravimeter. All data have been preprocessed and corrected for tidal and drift effects. Data are reported with respect to reference station UBAS located to the west of Uturuncu near the Laguna Colorada.

Micromagnetic domain structures and thermal stability of magnetite and iron as a function of grain size, shape and temperature (NERC grant NE/J020966/1)
The vast majority of palaeomagnetic recordings held in rock and meteorites are contained in small inhomogeneously magnetised particles that have a single-vortex (SV) domain state. The reliability and fidelity of the magnetic recording in these particles can only be determined using a numerical micromagnetic approach. This data set provides the first comprehensive examination of domain state as a function of grain size, grain shape and temperature for both magnetite and iron. The results show that SV domain states are highly stable, and in some cases more stable than their ‘ideal’ uniformly magnetized counterparts. With the data sets in this archive it is possible to determine the magnetic recording and stability characteristics of assemblies of grains that can be matched to a wide variety of grain distributions found in terrestrial rocks and meteorites.

Micromagnetic simulation results of bent and collapsed magnetosomes (NERC Grant NE/P017266/1)
This data set contains micromagnetic simulation results of magnetosome chains with different bending or collapse degrees, including finite element models and various magnetic parameters (hysteresis loops, isothermal remanent magnetism curves, and first-order reversal curves and energy barriers). Published in Pei et al. (2022; doi: 10.1029/2021JB023447)

Micromechanics of shear failure in a porous rock: a combined dataset of high-resolution time-resolved 3D x-ray micro-tomography volumes and local 3D strain fields with contemporaneous acoustic emissions and ultrasonic velocity survey waveforms
This dataset shows both the micro-scale mechanisms and acoustic response involved in shear failure of a deforming porous rock. To our knowledge, this is the first such dataset to combine simultaneous acoustic measurements and x-ray tomography imaging. It comprises a time-series of 3D in-situ synchrotron x-ray microtomography (µCT) volumes showing a Clashach sandstone sample (CL10) undergoing triaxial deformation to failure under a constant acoustic emissions (AE) event rate. Use of a constant AE event rate slowed down the failure process after peak stress, enabling shear failure to be captured in unprecedented spatio-temporal detail by the µCT volumes. These volumes are accompanied by the local incremental 3D strain fields and simultaneously acquired waveforms from acoustic emissions and ultrasonic velocity surveys, as well as mechanical bulk stress and strain. These data are fully explained in Cartwright-Taylor et al. Seismic events miss important grain-scale mechanisms governed by kinematics during shear failure of porous rock, in review at Nature Communications. We also include an equivalent time-series of the same data types showing a second Clashach sandstone sample (CL04) undergoing triaxial deformation to failure, this time under a constant strain rate where failure happened abruptly, shortly after peak stress. Both collections were acquired in-situ on the beamline I12-JEEP at the Diamond Light Source, Didcot, UK, in September 2019. Each 3D µCT volume of the sample is contained in a .zip file labelled with the sequential scan number. Each volume comprises reconstructed 16-bit grey-scale data in a sequence of 2D image files (.tif), each numbered according to the depth at which it lies within the sample volume. The file dimensions are pixels, with an edge length of 7.91 µm. Two further .zip files contain the incremental 3D volumetric and deviatoric strain fields, obtained from digital volume correlation between neighbouring µCT volumes. Each strain field consists of a 32-bit 3D image file (.tif) in pixels with an edge length of 316.4 µm, labelled with its scan increment. Also included are (i) .csv files, containing the mechanical stress and strain time-series, the time and mechanical data at which each µCT volume was scanned, and the acoustic emissions event rate data, and (ii) .zip files containing times and waveforms for the acoustic emissions and ultrasonic velocity surveys as .ascii files. The .zip and .xlsx files are labelled with the sample name, the data type (grey-scale, strain-volumetric, strain-deviatoric, seismic, mechanical, mechCT, eventrateAE) and the sequential scan number (grey-scale only) according to the following convention: sample_datatype_scan#. We acknowledge Diamond Light Source for time on beamline I12-JEEP under proposal MG22517. This work is supported by the UK's Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) through the CATFAIL project NE/R001693/1 Catastrophic failure: what controls precursory localisation in rocks?

Microseismic source parameters from induced seismicity in the Horn River Basin (British Columbia) (NERC Grant NE/R017956/1)
This data set contains seismic source parameters (magnitudes, corner frequencies, stress drops and their associated uncertainty) for 94 microseismic events linked to fault reactivation during hydro-fracturing operations in the Horn River Basin (British Columbia). The data presented here were derived from proprietary third party seismic data recorded on 2 arrays of 35 - 15 Hz GEO-OMNI-2400 borehole geophones each. These data were first reported in Adam G Klinger, Maximilian J Werner, Stress drops of hydraulic fracturing induced microseismicity in the Horn River basin: challenges at high frequencies recorded by borehole geophones, Geophysical Journal International, Volume 228, Issue 3, March 2022, Pages 2018–2037, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab458

Microstructural Electron Backscattered Diffraction data from experiments designed to test whether olivine grain boundaries in the mantle are water enriched (NERC Grant NE/M000060/1)
Electron backscatter diffraction was used to quantify grain boundary misorientations in experimental samples doped with deuterium-enriched water. The same samples were subsequently studied with nanoSIMS to look for boundary enrichment of D2O. Grain boundary misorientation data were collected using EBSD to test the possibility of misorientation angle dependence on measured D2O concentrations. No clear misorientation dependence was observed. Folders names include the name of the PDRA who collected the data. Data are images, text files (ctf), and other file formats that can be opened using Oxford Instruments EBSD software. Supporting EDS files are available on request

Microstructural measurements of mafic igneous rocks (NERC Grant NE/N009894/1)
Measurements of the shape and size of plagioclase and olivine grains in a suite of dolerite dykes and sills. The olivine data refer to the family of sills forming the Little Minch Sill Complex where exposed on the Isle of Skye, while the plagioclase work also includes a range of sills and dykes from all over the world. Measurments of dihedral angles at junctions between two grains of plagioclase and one of pyroxene, again in dolerites from dykes and sills, and also from the Rustenburg Suite of the Bushveld Layered Intrusion in South Africa.

Microstructures of natural shear zones (NERC grant NE/P001548/1)
The dataset contains information on the crystallographic orientation and on the grain size of minerals in the brittle-viscous shear zones. The methodology used to generate it is polarized light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD)

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "electronic EUROPEAN MINERALS YEARBOOK"
The electronic European Minerals Yearbook was established under the Minerals4EU project and updated during the MINTELL4EU project. It contains data for production data updates for 2004 to 2019, and trade data updates for 200 to 2018. The e-MYB also contains resource, reserve and exploration data updates with a reference year of 2019 collected in MINTELL4EU as well as an older dataset on the same collected under the Minerals4EU project. Production and trade data were collected by the British Geological Survey (BGS) as per their pre-existing programme of work regarding the provision of minerals data, and provided directly to the project via electronic data transfer. Data for exploration, resources and reserves were collected by means of an online survey which was completed by those project partners who had committed to data provision during project planning, and other participants from Geological Surveys across Europe. Resources and reserve data were prepared by data providers in multiple different forms, including using national reporting codes, internationally recognized CRIRSCO-compliant data forms and in some cases as UNFC data.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "electronic EUROPEAN MINERALS YEARBOOK" - resources, reserves and exploration
MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "electronic EUROPEAN MINERALS YEARBOOK" - resources, reserves and exploration data. Data sets collected in the MINTELL4EU project (reference year of 2019) as well as in the Minerals4EU project by (reference year 2011, 2012 or 2013).

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "electronic EUROPEAN MINERALS YEARBOOK" - WMS service
The electronic European Minerals Yearbook was established under the Minerals4EU project and updated during the MINTELL4EU project. It contains data for production data updates for 2004 to 2019, and trade data updates for 200 to 2018. The e-MYB also contains resource, reserve and exploration data updates with a reference year of 2019 collected in MINTELL4EU as well as an older dataset on the same collected under the Minerals4EU project. Production and trade data were collected by the British Geological Survey (BGS) as per their pre-existing programme of work regarding the provision of minerals data, and provided directly to the project via electronic data transfer. Data for exploration, resources and reserves were collected by means of an online survey which was completed by those project partners who had committed to data provision during project planning, and other participants from Geological Surveys across Europe. Resources and reserve data were prepared by data providers in multiple different forms, including using national reporting codes, internationally recognized CRIRSCO-compliant data forms and in some cases as UNFC data.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory"
MIN4EU DB consists of two parts: Minerals Inventory data and Minerals Yearbook data. Minerals Inventory covers mineral occurrences and mines in Europe (onshore). The European Union has identified security of supply, improving environmental management and resource efficiency as key challenges for the raw materials sector. Data on the location and spatial distribution of primary and secondary raw materials in relation to exploration, exploitation, production and trading activities form the basis for decision-making in government and industry. Given the dynamic nature of such data, regular updates of comprehensive, reliable and harmonized information across borders are required, as there are several sources of non-harmonized data with different coverages developed over the last decades by national and international projects for different purposes. Data have been prepared and collected in the projects Minerals4EU, EURare, ProSUM, ORAMA, RESEERVE and MINTELL4EU, and others and are shared in the European Geological Data Infrastructure (EGDI).

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - download service for Albania (Mintell4EU project)
Data were collected by Geological Survey of Albania, in frame of Mintell4EU project.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - download service for Albania (RESEERVE project)
Data were collected by Geological Survey of Albania, in frame of RESEERVE project.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - download service for Austria
The Downloadservice (WFS) provides access to information related to IRIS (Interactive Raw Material Information System of Austria) and contains point locations of mineral occurences and deposits (ores, industrial and energetic minerals). The information is harmonized according to the specifications of the MIN4EU database model as part of the Mintell4EU project. Supported feature types: MappedFeature, MineralOccurrence, Commodity, DocumentCitation.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - download service for Bosnia and Hercegovina - Republic of Srpska
Data were collected by Geological Survey of the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, in frame of RESEERVE project.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - download service for Croatia
to be added

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - download service for Federation of Bosnia and Hercegovina
Ministry of Energy, Mining and Industry of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina; Sector of Mining Provides permits and licenses for exploration and extraction of energy and metallic mineral resources. The competent cantonal ministries issue permits and licenses for the exploration and exploitation of non-metallic mineral resources. Geological Survey of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is an independent department under the jurisdiction of the Government. In accordance with the Law on Geological Research of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Official Gazette of FBiH No. 9/10 - Article 17, paragraph 4) records on deposits and occurrences of mineral resources and the Cadastre of deposits and occurrences of mineral resources in the entire Federation of BiH are kept by the Federal Institute for geology. Cadastres of exploration areas and exploitation fields of energy minerals and metallic minerals are maintained by the Federal Ministry of Energy, Mining and Industry.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - download service for Finland
The dataset contains spatial features extracted and harmonized from GTK’s Mineral deposit database to MIN4EU data model. The mineral deposit database contains all mineral deposits, occurrences, and prospects in Finland. Data is based on all public information on the deposits available including published literature, archive reports, press releases and companies’ web pages.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - download service for Hungary
Deegree based WFS service to provide spatial features for the INSPIRE Annex III MR theme. Content is periodically updated from the national inventory at the Mining and Geological Survey of Hungary.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - download service for Luxembourg
The Service géologique du Luxembourg (Geological Survey of Luxembourg) SGL, a division of the Administration des ponts et chaussées (Roads and bridges administration), collects information about past and current mineral resource occurrence and extraction sites in Luxembourg. This information is assembled in a spatial database (about 800 records). The majority of these are building and dimension stone quarries (sandstone, limestone) and iron ore mines. Accessorily, there are slate quarries and a few other metallic ore mines. In the context of MINTELL4EU, about 550 validated records on quarries, gravel pits and mines were extracted and harmonized according to the MINTELL4EU guidelines.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - service for Poland
Under the Act of June 9, 2011, Geological and Mining Law (Journal of Laws No. 163, item 981, as amended) Polish Geological Institute – National Research Institute (PIG-PIB) performs the role of Polish Geological Survey. One of the tasks of PIG-PIB as Geological Survey is to create and maintain geological databases, in this including the system MIDAS (the System of management and protection of mineral resources in Poland – MIDAS). System MIDAS is the primary source of information on mineral resources of Poland, the exploitation of deposits and it is the source of data for the project Mintell4eu. The System contains information on deposits (and its spatial location), raw materials in deposits, raw materials resources and on the raw materials volumes of exploitation. In addition, it also contains data on mining areas and exploatation permits (concessions) as well as their spatial location. The owner of the colected data is the State Treasury represented by the proper minister resposible for geology.
The original MIDAS database structure has been modified and adapted to the structure given in Mintell4eu specification.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - download service for Portugal
WFS provides access to information related to the mineral occurrences, reserves and resources, associated commodities, geology, mines, mining activities and mining wastes of Portugal. This information is sourced on LNEG’s database SIORMINP – Information system of Portuguese mineral occurrences and resources, initiated in 1997, which contains geoscientific, technical and economic information on occurrences, reserves and resources and areas with mining potential. Moreover, this information is the result, improvement and adaptation of SIORMINP to the data structure and vocabulary used in former European projects, namely Eurogeosource, Promine, ProSum and Minerals4EU. Now enlarged and adjusted to the MIN4EU database model in the framework of the Mintell4EU project.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - download service for Serbia (Mintell4EU project)
Data were provided by geological Survey of Serbia - GSS.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - download service for Serbia (RESEERVE project)
Data were collected by Faculty of Mining and Geology, Serbia, in frame of RESEERVE project.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - download service for Slovenia
In accordance with the Mining Act (Official Gazette RS, No. 14/14 – official consolidated text and 61/17-GZ), the Geological Survey of Slovenia, in its role of Public Mining Service, supports the ministry responsible for mining (Ministry of Infrastructure) in terms of sustainable mineral management and mineral policy. The Public Mining Service is authorized to maintain a Mining Register and Mining Cadastre on the national level, including a chronology of mining rights granting (“Mining Registry Book” web application and database). All official data, even on production and reserves/resources are recorded for all mining and exploration areas in a country.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - download service for Spain
This service allows access to the BDMIN database that contains information regarding the exploitations (abandoned, intermittent or active) and occurrences of industrial rocks and minerals. These data have been generated by the IGME throughout numerous projects, from the early 1970s up to now.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - download service for Sweden
This service is an OGC Web Feature Service to deliver data for the INSPIRE theme Mineral Resources. The underlying dataset is harmonized according to specifications from various EU projects, including Minerals4EU and ProSUM, and contains information on mineral deposits, mines, production and mining waste. The dataset is based on SGU's mineral resources database (“Mineralresursdatabas” that contains point data on mineral occurrences and deposits), as well as compilations of tonnage and grade data from SGU's ore (“Malm”) database.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - Download Services for Denmark and Greenland
Danish and Greenlandic MIN4EU INSPIRE Download Services (WFS 2.0) - MIN4EU Harmonized service contains mineral occurrences as points from Denmark and Greenland, and Marine sediments as polygons from Denmark

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - national data for Albania
The Albanian Geological Survey (AGS) carries out the activity in the field of geosciences, pursuant to Law no. 111/2015, dated 15.10.2015, "On the Albanian Geological Survey". AGS conducts studies on the research and evaluation of mineral assets, the state perspective of metallic, non-metallic mineral reserves, construction minerals, solid fuels, the construction of a database for them their promotion. Pursuant to law no. 10304, dated 15.07.2010 "On the mining sector in the Republic of Albania", as amended, approved bylaws, AGS is the structure responsible for supervising and monitoring the mining exploration activity in the territory of the Republic of Albania. All official data, even on production and reserves/resources are recorded for all mining and exploration areas in a country.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - national data for Austria
The Dataset provides access to information related to IRIS (Interactive Raw Material Information System of Austria) and contains point locations of mineral occurences and deposits (ores, industrial and energetic minerals) in Austria. The information is harmonized according to the specifications of the MIN4EU database model as part of the Mintell4EU project. Supported feature types: MappedFeature, MineralOccurrence, Commodity, DocumentCitation.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - national data for Denmark & Greenland
Danish and Greenlandic MIN4EU INSPIRE dataset contains spatial features extracted and harmonized from GEUS Mineral deposit database to MIN4EU data model. The mineral deposit database contains all mineral deposits and occurrences in Denmark and Greenland. Data is based on public information on the deposits available including published literature and archived reports.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - national data for Finland
The dataset contains spatial features extracted and harmonized from GTK’s Mineral deposit database to MIN4EU data model. The mineral deposit database contains all mineral deposits, occurrences, and prospects in Finland. Data is based on all public information on the deposits available including published literature, archive reports, press releases and companies’ web pages.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - national data for Hungary
The dataset contains spatial features for the INSPIRE Annex III MR theme. Content is periodically updated from the national inventory at the Mining and Geological Survey of Hungary.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - national data for Luxembourg
The Service géologique du Luxembourg (Geological Survey of Luxembourg) SGL, a division of the Administration des ponts et chaussées (Roads and bridges administration), collects information about past and current mineral resource occurrence and extraction sites in Luxembourg. This information is assembled in a spatial database (about 800 records). The majority of these are building and dimension stone quarries (sandstone, limestone) and iron ore mines. Accessorily, there are slate quarries and a few other metallic ore mines. In the context of MINTELL4EU, about 550 validated records on quarries, gravel pits and mines were extracted and harmonized according to the MINTELL4EU guidelines.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - national data for Poland
Under the Act of June 9, 2011, Geological and Mining Law (Journal of Laws No. 163, item 981, as amended) Polish Geological Institute – National Research Institute (PIG-PIB) performs the role of Polish Geological Survey. One of the tasks of PIG-PIB as Geological Survey is to create and maintain geological databases, in this including the system MIDAS (the System of management and protection of mineral resources in Poland – MIDAS). System MIDAS is the primary source of information on mineral resources of Poland, the exploitation of deposits and it is the source of data for the project Mintell4eu. The System contains information on deposits (and its spatial location), raw materials in deposits, raw materials resources and on the raw materials volumes of exploitation. In addition, it also contains data on mining areas and exploatation permits (concessions) as well as their spatial location. The owner of the colected data is the State Treasury represented by the proper minister resposible for geology.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - national data for Portugal
Dataset with information related to the mineral occurrences, reserves and resources, associated commodities, geology, mines, mining activities and mining wastes of Portugal. This information is sourced on LNEG’s database SIORMINP – Information system of Portuguese mineral occurrences and resources, initiated in 1997, which contains geoscientific, technical and economic information on occurrences, reserves and resources and areas with mining potential. Moreover, this information is the result, improvement and adaptation of SIORMINP to the data structure and vocabulary used in former European projects, namely Eurogeosource, Promine, ProSum and Minerals4EU. Now enlarged and adjusted to the MIN4EU database model in the framework of the Mintell4EU project.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - national data for Slovenia
In accordance with the Mining Act (Official Gazette RS, No. 14/14 – official consolidated text and 61/17-GZ), the Geological Survey of Slovenia, in its role of Public Mining Service, supports the ministry responsible for mining (Ministry of Infrastructure) in terms of sustainable mineral management and mineral policy. The Public Mining Service is authorized to maintain a Mining Register and Mining Cadastre on the national level, including a chronology of mining rights granting (“Mining Registry Book” web application and database). All official data, even on production and reserves/resources are recorded for all mining and exploration areas in a country.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - national data for Spain
The dataset contains information from de database BDMIN regarding the exploitations (abandoned, intermittent or active) and occurrences of industrial rocks and minerals. These data have been generated by the IGME throughout numerous projects, from the early 1970s to the present. The information is structured in different sections: Identification, location, mining domain, mining-I (Technical parameters), mining-II (Socio-economic and commercial parameters), geology and complementary information. The storage format is SQLServer. It is publicly accessible, except for some of the data which are restricted. This information is harmonized according to the specifications of the MIN4EU database model as part of the Mintell4EU project.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - national data for Sweden
MR.Mineralresurser comprises nationwide information about mineral resources in Sweden to fulfil Inspire's data specification for the theme Mineral Resources. The dataset is harmonized according to specifications from various EU projects, including Minerals4EU and ProSUM, and contains information on mineral deposits, mines, production and mining waste. The dataset is based on SGU's mineral resources database (“Mineralresursdatabas” that contains point data on mineral occurrences and deposits), as well as compilations of tonnage and grade data from SGU's ore (“Malm”) database.

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - WFS download service
Mineral occurrences and mines in Europe (onshore). Data prepared and collected in the projects Mineral4EU, EURare, ProSUM, MINTELL4EU, RESEERVE and others

MIN4EU harmonized dataset - "Minerals Inventory" - WMS service
Mineral occurrences and mines in Europe (onshore). Data prepared and collected in the projects Mineral4EU, EURare, ProSUM, RESEERVE, MINTELL4EU and others

MIN4EU LGRB-BW: mining sites - harmonized dataset
Since the end of the 1980ies the geological, areal and production data of operating mining sites have been collected systematically by LGRB. The periodic update of this information is carried out every four or five years. Main reasons are 1) the preparation of the periodic follow-up of the 12 regional development plans, 2) the work on the near-surface mineral raw material maps published by LGRB, and 3) the periodical editing of the state report for near-surface mineral raw materials published by LGRB at the start of each new election period.
The geological data include a detailed documentation of the thickness, petrography and quality of mined rock(s) and the overburden as well as geochemical data gained from rock samples.
The areal data refer both to the permitted mining area (zones of recultivation, work and expansion) and to possible areas for the mine expansion (the latter are confidential). Due to the quick spatiotemporal variability of these data, here all mining sites are shown as point data.
The confidential annual production data are the basis for the periodic raw material report.
In addition, another data are collected, e.g. for the mining permission, the delivery area and the subsequent land use.
All these data are stored in the mining site database of the LGRB (Rohstoffgewinnungs-stellendatenbank = RGDB). This one comprises also the data for abandoned mining sites and mines. In total, actual (2021) about 14.000 data records are stored.
The name of each mining site (e.g. RG 6826-3) consists of three parts. RG is the abbreviation for "Rohstoffgewinnungsstelle". the following four-digit number means the number of the relevant topographic map 1 : 25.000. The last number means the serial number of the mining site; serial numbers 1-99 mark operating mining sites gathered since the end of the 1980ies ( (today partially already closed) , such > 100 mark abandoned mining sites collected before 1980 and such > 300 mark data of mining sites and mines collected in the course of actual raw material mapping.
The mintell4eu data set comprises all mining sites with serial numbers 1-99. In addition, the most important abandoned mines of former or probably still ongoing economic importance.

MIN4EU LGRB-BW: near-surface mineral raw material occurrences - harmonized dataset
Since 1999, the Geologic Survey of Baden-Württemberg publishes a statewide geological map series 1 : 50 000 "Karte der mineralischen Rohstoffe 1 : 50 000 (KMR 50)". On it, the distribution of near-surface mineral raw material prospects and occurrences (mainly) and deposits (subordinate) is shown. This continuously completed and updated map currently covers around 60% of the federal state. It is the base for the regional associations in the task of mineral planning.
The prospects and occurrences are classified according to different raw material groups (e.g. raw material for crushed stone (limestone, igneous rocks, metamorphic rocks, sand and gravel), raw materials for cement, dimension stone, high purity limestone, gypsum ...). Their spatial delineation is based on various group-specific criteria such as minimum workable thickness, minimum resources, ratio overburden/workable thickness, and so on. It is assumed that they contain deposits as a whole or in parts. In the vast majority of cases, the data is not sufficient for the immediate planning of mining projects, but it does facilitate the selection of exploration areas.
The name of each area (e.g. L 6926-3) consists of three parts. L = roman rnumeral fo 50, 6926 = sheet number of the topographic map 1 : 50 000, 3 = number of the area/mineral occurrence shown on this sheet.
Co-occurring land-use conflicts, e.g. water protection areas and nature conservation areas, forestry and agriculture, are not taken into account in the processing of KMR 50. Their assessment is the task of land use planning, the licensing authorities and the companies interested in mining.
The data is stored in the statewide raw material area database "olan-db" of the LGRB.

MIN4EU WFS LGRB-BW: harmonized dataset - near-surface mineral raw material occurrences and mining sites - download service for the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany
This Downloadservice contains point locations of near-surface mineral raw material occurrences and mining sites in Baden-Württemberg (BW), which is one of 16 states of the Federal Republic of Germany. The information is harmonized according to the specifications of the MIN4EU database model as part of the Mintell4EU project.
BW is rich in near-surface mineral raw materials. The most important are 1) Quaternary sands and gravels (Upper Rhine Graben Valley and glacial sediments of Upper Swabia), 2) Paleozoic rocks (mainly metamorphic rocks and granites, minor Permian volcanic rocks) in the Black Forest and the Odenwald, and 3) Middle Triassic (Southwest German scarplands) and Upper Jurassic (Swabian Alb) limestones.
The deep-lying raw materials (various gangue ores, barite, fluorite, uranium ores), which were mined mainly in the Black Forest, are currently of no importance, with the exception of the still ongoing extraction of barite and fluorite in the Clara mine. In the future, some deposits could regain importance as raw material prices rise.
Almost 100 million tons of mostly near-surface mineral raw materials are extracted annually in BW in currently about 500 mining sites (survey year: 2017). The annual raw material consumption is approx. 9 tons/inhabitant. At the beginning of the 2000s, there were still around 630 mining sites. This decline is due to both concentration processes and depletion of deposits. Since the end of the 1980ies the geological, areal and production data of operating mining sites have been collected systematically by LGRB. They are the basis for the periodic raw material report edited by LGRB and for the calculation of the need of mineral raw materials. Manly these pits, beside some important historic mines, are shown in the layer "MIN4EU LGRB-BW: mining sites - harmonized dataset".
Another important task of the LGRB is to advise the regional planning authorities on securing mineral raw material supply. Beside the calculation of the need of mineral raw materials supply for the two planning periods (2 x 15 or 2x 20 years), the knowledge of mineral occurrences of proven or estimated economic value is important. After some preliminary stages, the LGRB is producing the Map of Mineral Resources in Baden-Württemberg 1 : 50,000 (KMR 50) as a basis and planning map for this purpose. On it, the distribution of near-surface mineral raw material prospects and occurrences (mainly) and deposits (subordinate) is shown. This continuously completed and updated map currently covers actually around 60% of the federal state. These occurrences are the topic of the second layer theme "MIN4EU LGRB-BW: near-surface mineral raw material occurrences - harmonized dataset".

MINDeSEA WP3 Seafloor Massive Sulphide Deposits (Point)
Seafloor massive sulphides (SMS) are modern equivalents of on-shore (ancient) volcanogenic massive sulphides (VMS) which have constituted important mining targets through history in many regions of Europe. VMS deposits are generally stratiform accumulations of sulphides formed at or just beneath the seafloor as a result of volcano-magmatic activity. The sulphides are precipitated from hot hydrothermal solutions when they come in contact with cold seawater. Deposits of this type that form today are known as seafloor massive sulphides, and the associated sulphurous plumes are called black and white smokers. Data from ancient VMS deposits are essential for the present-day understanding of the formation, structure and composition of SMS deposits. VMS deposits are among the most important deposit types for a number of commodities, including copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), silver (Ag) and gold (Au). In addition, they may contain economic grades of cobalt (Co), tin (Sn), barium (Ba), sulphur (S), selenium (Se), indium (In), bismuth (Bi), tellurium (Te), gallium (Ga) and germanium (Ge). Several of these minor constituents are considered critical raw materials by the EU. The modern equivalents are found on the ocean floor, along present-day spreading ridges and volcanic centres, and are the target of steadily increasing attention as a possible source for both base, precious and special metals.

MINDeSEA WP4 Marine Minerals Ferro-manganese Crusts (Point)
Marine ferromanganese crust deposits are potential mineral resources that contain base metals and strategic and critical elements such as cooper (Cu), cobalt (Co), vanadium (V), nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), platinum group elements (PGEs) or rare earth elements (REEs). Traditionally, marine precipitates are defined as: a) purely hydrogenetic when all constituents are derived from cold seawater, (b) diagenetic, when all constituents are derived from cold sediment pore water; and (c) hydrothermal when precipitation occurs in the vicinity of hydrothermal vent sites from fluids with temperatures higher than ambient bottom waters. Hydrogenetic Fe-Mn crusts occur throughout the global ocean on seamounts, ridges and plateaus, where currents have kept the rocks free of sediment for millions of years. Some ferromanganese (Fe-Mn) crusts exhibit a mixed origin, primarily either hydrothermal-hydrogenetic or hydrogenetic-diagenetic (Hein et al., 2000; 2003; 2013; Muiños et al. 2013; Bau et al., 2014; Marino et al., 2017). In many places, marine phosphorites are accompanied by Fe-Mn crust mineralisations on the seafloor of continental shelves and slopes along the western continental margins of the Atlantic Ocean. Some thick Fe-Mn crusts also contain carbonate fluorapatite, which was incorporated into the crusts during specific periods prior to middle Miocene during main Cenozoic episodes of phosphatization. These deposits are related to strong upwelling along the continental margins and seamounts. Marine phosphorites are known to concentrate rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) during early diagenetic formation (Hein et al., 1993; 2016; González et al., 2016). Although there are several references to ferromanganese crusts and their association with phosphorites in the literature, the genetic models for explaining their relationship and metal concentration are still poorly understood.

MINDeSEA WP4 Marine Minerals Phosphorites (Point)
In many places, marine phosphorites are accompanied by Fe-Mn crust mineralisations on the seafloor of continental shelves and slopes along the western continental margins of the Atlantic Ocean. They tend to occur in waters of medium depth. Some thick Fe-Mn crusts also contain carbonate fluorapatite, which was incorporated into the crusts during specific periods prior to middle Miocene during main Cenozoic episodes of phosphatization. These deposits are related to strong upwelling along the continental margins and seamounts. Marine phosphorites are known to concentrate rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) during early diagenetic formation. Although there are several references to ferromanganese crusts and their association with phosphorites in the literature, the genetic models for explaining their relationship and metal concentration are still poorly understood.

MINDeSEA WP5 Marine Placer Deposits (Area)
Marine placer deposits have received much attention during marine exploration. They comprise detrital heavy metallic minerals and gemstones, eroded from, usually igneous, source rocks on land and transported to sea, mostly by rivers. Thereby placer deposits are concentrated by water motions (waves, tides, currents). The most important of these minerals, from an economical aspect, are: cassiterite (tin), ilmenite and rutile (titanium), zircon (zirconium), chromite (chromium), monazite (thorium), magnetite (iron), gold; the principle gemstone is diamond (Harben & Bates 1990). According to Daesslé and Fischer (2013) about 75% of the world’s tin, 11% of gold, and 13% of platinum are extracted from placers (Baker et al. 2014). Marine placer occurrences can be classified taking into account various factors.

MINDeSEA WP6 Polymetallic Nodules (Point)
Polymetallic nodules occur in abyssal plains (~4000 – 6000 mm water depth) of all major oceans as two-dimensional deposits, formed on or just below sediment-covered seafloor, rich in metals of economic interest such as manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), lithium (Li), and rare earth elements (REE). The nodules are generated in marine environments where the sedimentation rates are low, commonly less than 10 centimeters (cm) per thousand years. The nodules consist of micro-layers of Mn oxides and Fe oxy-hydroxides concentrically precipitated around a nucleus. Nodules are generally about golf ball sized, most commonly 1–12 cm in diameter, but can vary in diameter from millimeter-size (micronodules) to as large as 20 cm. The polymetallic nodules are formed by metals precipitation either from ambient seawater (hydrogenetic formation), from pore-waters in the sediments (diagenetic formation), from hydrothermal derived fluids (Bonatti and Nayudu, 1965; Bau et al., 2014; Kuhn et al., 2017) and the formation processes that represent a mix of these different end-member processes. The formation mechanisms control the general chemical composition of the nodules, e.g. the hydrogenetic precipitation leads to an enrichment of Co and REE while the diagenetic precipitation favours enrichment of Ni and Cu. Hydrogenetic nodules grow remarkably slow (1 to 5 mm per million years), whereas diagenetic nodules grow at rates up to 250 mm per million years.

MINDeSEA WP7 Exploration in the Atlantic, Mediterranean, Baltic and Black Sea (Area)
"Exploration in the Atlantic, Mediterranean, Baltic and Black Sea" refers to marine exploration of mineral accumulations, deposits, resources and reserves on the Atlantic. Mediterranean, Baltic and Black Sea seabed. The target for MINDeSEA WP 7 is (i) to create a new dataset on the distribution of the explored areas for submarine mineral resources in Europe; (ii) to propose recommendations for new unexplored areas; and (iii) to recommend pilot areas with high potential of discovering new submarine mineral resource mineral accumulations

Mineral-microbe interaction role in concentration and fractionation of rare earth elements (MM-FREE) (NERC Grant NE/L002361/1)
The data are related to the NERC's Security of Supply of Mineral Resources Catalyst Grant NE/L002361/1: MM-FREE - Mineral-Microbe interaction role in concentration and Fractionation of Rare Earth Elements and consist of: 1. document on the research priorities from an industry/stakeholders viewpoint to devise a strategy for building biomining into a real opportunity for mineral extraction of rare earth elements. 2. poster reporting literature review on "Using microbes to recover rare earths with low environmental impact"

Mineral compositions (WDS-microprobe) of natural zeolites from worldwide localities (NERC grant NE/L002418/1)
This dataset comprises unprocessed microprobe analyses (WDS) of 10-15 natural zeolite samples, using the method of Campbell et al. (2016), and relating to the hypothesis of Campbell et al. (2012). Minerals analysed include stilbite, chabazite, phillipsite and harmotome. Key localities include the Western USA (oregon) and Europe (Germany and Scotland). Published papers and abstracts.

Mineral deposits and resources
This database contains information on reserved and non-reserved mineral deposits, prognosticated mineral resources, exhausted and abandoned deposits and resources, non-prospective areas, negative results of exploration, and geographic location of mineral resources.

Mineral deposits and resources
Open dataset contains basic information on all reserved mineral deposits and approved prognosticated mineral resources in the territory of the Czech Republic.The Ministry of the Environment issues a certificate of reserved deposit if a reserved mineral is found in quantity and quality that allow its accumulation to be reasonably expected.

Mineral deposits of national interest (view service)
The view service shows areas that contain mineral deposits of national interest. The deposits at these sites consist of valuable substances or materials, such as natural stone, industrial minerals and metals, considered by SGU to be important.
More than half of the areas of national interest are demarcated in detail; the remainder are merely marked by a dot on the map.
An assessment is made in accordance with the Environmental Code (chapter 3, section 7 second paragraph). SGU is responsible for ensuring that the relevant county administrative boards and municipalities are provided with information on the areas that contain mineral deposits of national interest.

Mineral deposits, resources and protected deposit areas
INSPIRE View Service contains information on mineral deposits, prognosticated mineral resources and detected and protected deposit areas.

Mineral deposits, resources and protected deposit areas
This database contains information on mineral deposits, resources and protected deposit areas.

Mineral deposits, resources and protected deposit areas
ArcGIS Server Service contains information on mineral deposits, prognosticated mineral resources and detected and protected deposit areas.

Mineral chemistry and BSE-SEM images (NERC grant NE/M014584/1)
Chemical analysis of pyroxenes and BSE-SEM images from pumices and lava flows from Popocatepetl Volcano, Mexico. Whole rock isotope data from pumices and lava flows from Popocatepetl Volcano, Mexico.

Mineral chemistry of volcaniclasts from IODP Site 1438 drilled during exp.351 in the Amami Basin, W.Pacific Ocean. (NERC grant NE/M007782/1)
Mineral chemistry of volcaniclasts from IODP Site 1438 drilled during exp.351 in the Amami Basin, W.Pacific Ocean. This data includes mineral chemistry of mafic minerals determined by electron microprobe at University of Leeds.

Mineral information system (SurIS)
WMS service provides the access to basic information on mineral deposits and prognosticated resources in the territory of the Czech Republic, protected areas of mineral deposits, protected territories for special intervention into the Earth’s crust, exploration areas and mining leases.

Mineral information system (SurIS)
The Mineral information system (SurIS) collects and provides various comprehensive data on the mineral potential of the Czech Republic. It contains the following databases:
Mineral deposits and resources
Mining leases
Database of previous mining lease approvals
Protected areas of mineral deposits
Exploration areas
Spatial features
Administrative database

Mineral licensing position of Ukraine
Map showing Licensing Position of Ukraine 1:200 000

Mineral Localities
Database of mineral localities from 6"geological maps, field investigations, exploration reports and other sources.

Mineral Occurrences Database
Dataset of mineral occurrences in the UK including locations of known mines, mineral showings and localities, including sites where minerals of economic interest have been identified in panned concentrates. Data is normally taken from published sources or from internal BGS records, such as field sheets, rock and stream sediment collection cards. Data compilation started ca. 1994.

Mineral permits
The dataset contains exploration permits that are registered at the Mining Inspectorate. You can find information about a permit's id, the name of a permit, owner of a permit and the period of validity for a permit The information is updated once a month.

Mineral permits (view service)
The service shows mineral permits that are registered at the Mining Inspectorate. You can find information about a permit's id, the name of a permit, owner of a permit. The information is updated once a month.

Mineral resource polygons central belt of Scotland version 1
The British Geological Survey (BGS) was awarded a grant from the Scottish Government Aggregates Levy Fund in 2007 to provide a comprehensive, relevant and accessible information base to enhance the sustainability of mineral resources for 18 local authorities in the central belt of Scotland. BGS co-funded this project through its Sustainable Mineral Solutions project. This work was completed in March 2008. This dataset comprises the digital GIS files which were produced through this project. The major elements of minerals information presented are the geological distribution of all mineral resources in the Central Belt of Scotland. The BGS Mineral Resource data does not determine mineral reserves and therefore does not denote potential areas of extraction. Only onshore, mainland mineral resources are included in the dataset. This dataset has been produced by the collation and interpretation of mineral resource data principally held by the British Geological Survey. The mineral resource data presented are based on the best available information, but are not comprehensive and their quality is variable. The dataset should only be used to show a broad distribution of those mineral resources which may be of current or potential economic interest. The data should not be used to determine individual planning applications or in taking decisions on the acquisition or use of a particular piece of land, although they may give useful background information which sets a specific proposal in context.

Mineral resource polygons England version 2
The original version of this dataset contained lithologies interpreted as representing a mineral resource for mineral extraction. Collated on a County by County basis as part of the former Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM) Mineral Resource Information in support of National Regional and Local Planning between 1994 and 2006. A primary objective is to produce baseline data in a consistent format that can be updated, revised and customised to suit planning needs, including Mineral Local Plans and Regional Planning Guidance, as well as those of industry. The BGS Mineral Resource data does not determine mineral reserves and therefore does not denote potential areas of extraction. Only onshore, mainland mineral resources are included in the dataset. This dataset has been produced by the collation and interpretation of mineral resource data principally held by the British Geological Survey. The mineral resource data presented are based on the best available information, but are not comprehensive and their quality is variable. The dataset should only be used to show a broad distribution of those mineral resources which may be of current or potential economic interest. The data should not be used to determine individual planning applications or in taking decisions on the acquisition or use of a particular piece of land, although they may give useful background information which sets a specific proposal in context. During 2011-2012 revisions were made to areas of the resource linework. These changes were made as a result of new research and release of a new version of DiGMap (v5). This work was on an ad hoc basis but affects all resource layers. The paper maps were not re-released with this data update.

Mineral Resource Polygons Northern Ireland (Internal Geological Boundaries Dissolved)
This mineral resource data was produced as part of the Mineral Resource Map of Northern Ireland via a commission from the Northern Ireland Department of the Environment. The work resulted in a series of 21 data layers which were used to generate a series of six digitally generated maps. This work was completed in 2012 with one map for each of the six counties (including county boroughs) of Northern Ireland at a scale of 1:100 000. This data and the accompanying maps are intended to assist strategic decision making in respect of mineral extraction and the protection of important mineral resources against sterilisation. They bring together a wide range of information, much of which is scattered and not always available in a convenient form. The data has been produced by the collation and interpretation of mineral resource data principally held by the Geological Survey of Northern Ireland and was funded via a commission from the Northern Ireland Department of the Environment. These layers display the spatial data of the mineral resources of Northern Ireland. There are a series of layers which consist of: Bedrock: Clay, Coal & Lignite, Coal – lignite proven, Conglomerate, Dolomite, Igneous and meta-igneous rock, Limestone, a 100m buffer layer on the Ulster White Limestone, Meta-sedimentary rocks, Perlite, Salt, sandstone and Silica Sand. Superficial (unconsolidated recent sediments) : Sand & gravel and Peat. The data except for the salt and proven lignite resource layers was derived from the 1:50 00 and 1:250 000 scale DigMap NI dataset. A user guide 'The Mineral Resources of Northern Ireland digital dataset (version 1)' OR/12/039 describing the creation and use of the data is available. A companion set of data with the internal boundaries retained is also available.

Mineral Resource Polygons Northern Ireland (Internal Geological Boundaries Retained)
This mineral resource data was produced as part of the Mineral Resource Map of Northern Ireland via a commission from the Northern Ireland Department of the Environment. The work resulted in a series of 21 data layers which were used to generate a series of six digitally generated maps. This work was completed in 2012 with one map for each of the six counties (including county boroughs) of Northern Ireland at a scale of 1:100 000. This data and the accompanying maps are intended to assist strategic decision making in respect of mineral extraction and the protection of important mineral resources against sterilisation. They bring together a wide range of information, much of which is scattered and not always available in a convenient form. The data has been produced by the collation and interpretation of mineral resource data principally held by the Geological Survey of Northern Ireland and was funded via a commission from the Northern Ireland Department of the Environment. These layers display the spatial data of the mineral resources of Northern Ireland. There are a series of layers which consist of: Bedrock: Clay, Bauxitic clay, Coal & Lignite, Coal – lignite proven, Conglomerate, Dolomite, Igneous and meta-igneous rock, Limestone, a 100m buffer layer on the Ulster White Limestone, Meta-sedimentary rocks, Perlite, Salt, Sandstone and Silica Sand. Superficial (unconsolidated recent sediments) : Sand & gravel and Peat. The data except for the salt and proven lignite resource layers was derived from the 1:50 00 and 1:250 000 scale DigMap NI dataset. This version of the data retains the internal geological boundaries which are dissolved out in the accompanying dissolved version. A user guide 'The Mineral Resources of Northern Ireland digital dataset (version 1)' OR/12/039 describing the creation and use of the data is available.

Mineral resource polygons Wales version 1
The British Geological Survey (BGS) was awarded a grant from the Welsh Assembly Government Aggregates Levy Fund in 2009 to provide a comprehensive, relevant and accessible information base to enhance the sustainability of mineral resources for Wales. BGS co-funded this project through its Sustainable Mineral Solutions project. This work was completed in 2010. This dataset comprises the digital GIS files which were produced through this project. The major elements of minerals information presented on the maps are; the geological distribution of all onshore mineral resources in Wales, the location of mineral extraction sites, the recorded occurrences of metallic minerals, the recorded location of former slate quarries and significant areas of slate waste and the recorded location of historic building stone quarries. The BGS Mineral Resource data does not determine mineral reserves and therefore does not denote potential areas of extraction. Only onshore, mainland mineral resources are included in the dataset. This dataset has been produced by the collation and interpretation of mineral resource data principally held by the British Geological Survey. The mineral resource data presented are based on the best available information, but are not comprehensive and their quality is variable. The dataset should only be used to show a broad distribution of those mineral resources which may be of current or potential economic interest. The data should not be used to determine individual planning applications or in taking decisions on the acquisition or use of a particular piece of land, although they may give useful background information which sets a specific proposal in context.

Mineral resource records (Mr); Scotland and Northern England.
The collection, amounting to c.6,000 records, consists of reports and data relating to geochemical sampling, geophysics, drilling and field mapping deposited by mineral exploration companies dating from c.1960 onwards. Major accessions include records of Mineral Exploration Incentive Grant Act (MEIGA) and reports and plans of Exploration Ventures Ltd (EVL) relating to NE Scotland. Indexed in Land Survey Record Index Database (LSRI).

Mineral resources
Mineral resources contains information on more than 13 000 deposits of metals, industrial minerals, industrial rocks and hydro carbons.. All deposits are described with name, location, type of deposit, economic status and references to literature. More comprehensive descriptions av host rock, minerals, alterations and metal grade etc are also present on many deposits.

Mineral Resources (Industrial Minerals and Rocks) in Spain - INSPIRE harmonized for Minerals4EU project
Dataset contains information related to the mining operations (both abandoned or operating continuously or intermittently) and minerals occurrences of industrial minerals and rocks. These data have been generated by the IGME along numerous projects since the early 70s to the present. It has national coverage.

Mineral resources (view service)
The mineral and bedrock resource database contains information concerning mineral, bedrock and hydrocarbon resources in Sweden. The database includes information on minor occurrences as well as deposits where metals, industrial minerals or bedrock have been or are being exploited economically.

Mineral Resources Archive (Mra): Scotland & Northern England.
Collection of c.5,000 items relating to economic mineral exploration and exploitation in Scotland (with some records for Northern England) pre c.1960. Incorporates Non-Ferrous Metallic Ores Committee and Mineral Development Committee records. Collection originally arranged by mineral commodity, but new data is added in accession order.

Mineral Resources Database (Industrial Rocks and Minerals)
Bdmin (RandMI) contains the information related to the mines (abandoned, intermittent or active) and traces of industrial rocks and minerals. These data have been generated by IGME through numerous projects from the early 1970s to the present day. It is national in scope. The information is structured in different sections: Identification, location, mining domain, mining-I (technical parameters), mining-II (socio-economic and commercial parameters), geology and complementary information. The storage format is SQLServer. It is publicly accessible, except for some of the data contained in the database, which are of restricted access, such as the owner and operator of the mining domain, the operator, as well as their addresses and contact telephone numbers, data on reserves, productions and marketing prices of the final product.

Mineral resources in Norway
The mineral resource database provides information on mineral resources in Norway. The data provides information about metals, industrial minerals and natural stone deposits.

Mineral Resources in Slovakia, download service harmonized for Minerals4EU (WFS 2.0)
WFS service provides access to basic information about mineral deposits, mineral occurrence and mining activity in Slovakia. Service was created in framework of the M4EU project.

Mineral resources in the Czech Republic – INSPIRE download service (theme Mineral resources)
INSPIRE download service (WFS format) provides access to basic information about mineral deposits and resources, mineral occurrences and prospects and current mines and mining activity in the Czech Republic. Service was created in the framework of the Minerals4EU and ProSUM project and it is harmonized according to the INSPIRE requirements.

Mineral resources in the Netherlands, harmonized for Minerals4EU
basic information on mineral occurences from the Geolocical Survey of the Netherlands data base on Mineral resources. The information is harmonized according to specifications in the Minerals4EU project

Mineral resources of Ukraine
Map of mineral resources of Ukraine 1:200 000

Mineral Veins Of The Southern Pennine Orefield
3200 mineral veins (i.e. lead, fluorspar) of the Southern Pennine Orefield within the Peak District National Park captured as a single dataset in 1983 from BGS 1:10 560 published maps with additional veins from referenced literature. The data covers a small, very limited area. Also includes several pipe and flat deposits. Also includes mapped faults. The dataset is approximately 99.5% complete. Uses for the data include economic geology, mineral resources, mine hazards. Veins are numbered but not named.

Mineralische Rohstoffe in Österreich - M4EU harmonisiert
Der Datensatz liefert die Grundinformation zu Vorkommen und Lagerstätten von Erzen in Österreich und wurde im Rahmen des EU-Projektes Minerals4EU erstellt.

Minerals inventory – INSPIRE harmonized data for the Czech Republic (theme Mineral resources)
Dataset contains basic information about mineral deposits, resources, mining leases and mining waste in the Czech Republic, generated as the INSPIRE layers from the SurIS Register.

Minerals Programme Geochemistry Database.
The Mineral Reconnaissance Programme (MRP), funded by the DTI (Department of Trade and Industry) carried out baseline mineral exploration in Great Britain between 1972 and 1997. Its main aim was to stimulate private-sector exploration and the development of indigenous mineral resources. It has been subsumed into the new BGS Minerals Programme, also funded by the DTI. The Programme provides information and advice to industry, enables technology transfer and promotes wealth creation through the effective sustainable development of Britain's mineral resources. The database contains information from the MRP together with some from earlier programmes and the new Minerals Programme. Information from the early 1970s was largely concerned with the search for uranium and base-metals, while since the 1980s gold and platinum-group elements (PGEs) have dominated. A range of pathfinder elements have also been determined. Data is held on the geochemistry of drainage stream sediments, panned concentrates, soil, deep overburden, rock and drillcore samples. All geochemical results are used to populate corporate Geochemistry Database.

Mines And Quarries Database - BritPits.
List of mines and quarries in the UK including information about operational status, products, lithostratigraphy, chronostratigraphy, pit and operator addresses, minerals planning authority. Digital data has been sold from the BritPits database, since 1994, this has been customised to suit purchasers. Use is also made of sets of operational workings data by Bureau Services who pay royalties and get updates. Older data on operators tends to be incomplete as it was not recorded. Updating is ongoing to update litho- and chronostrat data. Originally, only details of currently active sites were included in the database but, because of the importance of former workings for waste disposal and as Sites of Special Scientific Interest, information is now collected on both inactive and closed operations. The data is held in a relational database using an Oracle server and a Microsoft Access front-end. The database can be used for many purposes: mailing lists, route planning, market intelligence/analysis, and resource planning, and data has been supplied to a wide range of customers.

Minimum groundwater temperature
Annual minimum groundwater temperature.

Mining area
Locations of open pit and/or underground mining

Mining hazard (not including coal) 1km hex grid version 7
The 1km Hex Mining Hazard (Not Including Coal) v7 dataset shows areas of known underground mining (Not Including Coal), identified with an indication of the level of hazard associated for each site. The presence of former underground workings, particularly where shallow, may collapse and cause surface settlement which is used to identify potential hazard at each site. The rating is based on a Low (limited mining known to have occurred) to High (underground mining is known to have occurred) scale. The dataset covers areas of known underground working in Great Britain. The coverage is not comprehensive as areas with no evidence of underground working are unclassified. Underground extraction of minerals and rocks has taken place in Great Britain for more than 5000 years. This dataset draws together a range of diverse information; the geology, the primary constraint on distribution; additional information sourced from published literature and knowledge from BGS experts. Derived from the original MiningHazardNotIncludingCoalGB_v7 dataset, this layer generalises these data into a Hex grid format, with an effective hexagonal grid resolution of 2.6km coverage area (side length of 1km). The dataset was created to provide a comprehensive overview of Great Britain's long and complicated mining legacy. It provides essential information for planners and developers working in areas where former underground mine workings may have occurred. Also for anyone involved in the ownership or management of property, including developers, householders and local government.

Mining hazard (not including coal) Great Britain version 7
Underground extraction of minerals and rocks has taken place in Great Britain for more than 5000 years. The dataset draws together a range of diverse information; the geology, the primary constraint on distribution; additional information sourced from published literature and knowledge from BGS experts. Areas of known underground mining are identified with an indication of the level of hazard associated for each site. The presence of former underground workings, particularly where shallow, may collapse, causing surface settlement or subsidence. The type of material mined, age and extent of working (where known) is used to assess and classify the hazard at each site. The value is based on an A (mining is not known to have occurred) to E (evidence of extensive underground mining is known) scale. Mining Hazard (not including coal) covers areas of known underground working in Great Britain. The coverage is not comprehensive as areas with no evidence of underground working are not included in the data. The dataset was created to provide a comprehensive overview of Great Britain's long and complicated mining legacy. It provides essential information for planners and developers working in areas where former underground mine workings may have occurred. Also for anyone involved in the ownership or management of property, including developers, householders and local government.

Mining Hazard (not including coal) Great Britain version 8
Mining hazard (not including coal) summarises the location, extent and indicates the level of hazard associated with former and present underground mine workings. The dataset covers Great Britain and is published at 1: 50 000 scale. The content is derived from a range of data sources including, but not limited to the bedrock geology, extensive literature reviews of both published and unpublished documents, abandonment and mine plans, combined with a wealth of expert knowledge and experience. The release of version 8 builds on the content of previously published versions. The coverage has been expanded with the inclusion of newly identified areas and drawing on data from the BGS published Britpits (BGS database of British Pits -includes both surface and underground mineral workings) and other resources. For the first time, zones of influence have been integrated (for evaporites, oil shales and building stones) to indicate the areas surrounding mining sites which might be impacted. The data have been compiled and presented in an easy to use format to provide a national overview of the country's mining legacy. Given the long and complex mining history of Great Britain, this dataset represents the best information available at the present time (September 2020). Work continues to develop this product, which will result in the release of ad hoc updates in the future.

Mining hazard (not including coal) in Great Britain
The dataset indicates the potential for hazard in Great Britain as a result of mineral extraction. It excludes areas of Coal mining as these are covered by the Coal Authority. It is based on a simple A-E rating scale indicating the increasing likelihood of an underground mining hazard. The data was created using expert knowledge, detailed literature searches, local knowledge and a series of rule based geological constraints applied to the DigMapGB50k (Digital Geological Map of Great Britain) data.

Mining maps
WMS service contains records of Historical mining maps stored in the archive CGS in Kutná Hora.

Mining maps
The database contains documentary records of mining maps stored in the archives at the ČGS workplace in Kutná Hora. Since 1990, data on these maps have been processed in a database that has been modified and upgraded many times since its inception.

Mining waste
INSPIRE View Service displays the localization and information on individual registered mining waste facilities in the Czech Republic. The colour scale represents different categories and the extent of their exploration.

Mining waste
The database contains localisation and the state-of-the-art of data on individual registered mining waste facilities in the Czech Republic. The colour scale represents different categories and the extent of their exploration.

Mining waste
Open dataset contains localisation and the state-of-the-art of data on individual registered mining waste facilities in the Czech Republic.

Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food (MAF) Sampling Survey 1999/2: Irish Sea (24/07/1999 to 29/07/1999)
This marine sampling survey took place in the Irish Sea on board the RV Calanus as part of a study funded by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS). The purpose was collection of sediment cores and macrofauna along the coastal margin immediately offshore of the Sellafield site in Cumbria. Seabed samples were collected using a box corer. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Technical Report WB/99/18C.

Ministry of Housing and Local Government (MHLG) Mineral Planning Permission Polygons
Digital GIS mineral planning permission polygons from 1947 to 1985 as digitised from the Ministry of Housing and Local Government Planning Permission Maps and Cards (see associated metadata for MHLG Maps, Cards and Scanned Maps ). Data digitised included all planning permissions granted, withdrawn and refused for local authority areas for all of England. Currently 32,000 separate planning permission polygons have been captured from the maps and attributed using the associated card index.

Ministry of Housing and Local Government (MHLG) Mineral Planning Permissions Cards
A card index storing supplementary information regarding name, operator, dates and commodity worked for each planning permission boundary recorded (drawn) on the Ministry of Housing and Local Government (MHLG) Mineral Planning Permissions Maps (see associated metadata). Information on the cards has been used to attribute the Ministry of Housing and Local Government (MHLG) Mineral Planning Permission Polygons (see associated metadata for MHLG Planning Permission Polygons).

Ministry of Housing and Local Government (MHLG) mineral planning permissions maps
These are OS 1:25000 paper maps (approximately 1400) upon which the Ministry of Housing and Local Government (currently Department for Communities and Local Government (CLG)) recorded hand drawn boundaries for permitted, withdrawn and refused mineral planning permissions and worked ground for every local authority area in England. Accompanying the maps is an associated card index (see metadata for MHLG Cards). Priority was placed on areas that were given rise to then current casework issues thus, at the time when the maintenance of the maps ended some authority information had been updated recently but other areas had not been visited for many years. Therefore, the variable completeness of the data should be kept in mind when the material is being used. Both the maps and the card index have been used to create the digital mineral planning permissions polygons (see metadata for MHLG Planning Permission Polygons). Polygons for worked ground have not been captured.

Mintell4EU Touristic Mine Sites
Europe has a long mining history dating back to the Bronze Age (3300 – 1200 BC). Early mining activity was a carried out in a primitive manner and only relatively high grade mineralization was worked. Many developments have taken place since then up to the present day. In addition, the range of commodities mined has greatly expanded over this time period and include ornamental stone, industrial minerals, fuel minerals as well as metal mines. Several of these sites have had over 1,000 years of continuous mining activity while others measure their life in decades or less. The mining activity has altered the landscape and many mining regions have a unique environment and built heritage. This Task aims to document those mining areas which have developed tourist attractions or amenities following the closure of the mines, in partner countries. Information has be collected which will provide a brief overview of the mine – commodities worked, period of operation, type of mining, mining activities that were carried out at the site, the current condition of the site including any remediation, built heritage, current attractions at the site (preserved built heritage, interpretative centre, walks, etc.) and the management of the site.

Miocene Oberpullendorf basin, stable isotopes and trace elements (NERC Grant NE/V010824/1)
Stable isotope data of organic carbon, nitrogen and sulfur as well as trace elements are used to explore how proxies with differing residence times in seawater respond to changes in the basin’s connectivity to the open ocean. The results show that species with a short residence time, such as nitrate and rare earth elements, may be more sensitive to geologically brief fluctuations in oceanographic conditions than long-lived species like sulfate. Details about the methodology and sampling strategy can be found in Stu¨eken, E.E., Viehmann, S. and Hohl, S.V., 2023, ACS Earth and Space Chemistry, 7(7), pp.1337-1349.

Mississippian Bowland Shale dataset: from Hind Clough, Marl Hill 4 (MHD4) and Cominco S9 (Craven Basin, UK). Iron Speciation, total organic carbon and selected major and trace element geochemical data (NERC grant NE/L002493/1)
This dataset was acquired as part of a NERC-funded Doctoral Training Partnership (DTP) PhD Studentship at the University of Leicester and British Geological Survey between 2014-2018 [grant no. NE/L002493/1] (see also Emmings, 2018 unpublished PhD thesis). This research was conducted within the Central England NERC Training Alliance (CENTA) consortium. This dataset accompanies a manuscript titled "Late Palaeozoic Phytoplankton Blackout: A 100 Myr Record of Enhanced Primary Productivity". Co-authors and co-workers were: Joseph F. Emmings (University of Leicester, British Geological Survey); Sarah J. Davies (University of Leicester); Simon W. Poulton (University of Leeds); Michael H. Stephenson (British Geological Survey); Gawen R. T. Jenkin (University of Leicester); Christopher H. Vane (British Geological Survey); Melanie J. Leng (British Geological Survey, University of Nottingham) and Vicky Moss-Hayes (British Geological Survey). Nick Riley (Carboniferous Ltd) is thanked for sharing biostratigraphic expertise and assistance. Nick Marsh and Tom Knott are thanked for providing assistance during geochemical analyses. This dataset contains the following data (in Microsoft Excel format). 1) Fe species abundance data measured at the University of Leeds using the sequential extraction method of Poulton and Canfield (2005) and pyrite S extraction method of Canfield et al., (1986); 2) Total Fe, Si, Mn and Al major element concentrations (measured using x-ray fluorescence at the University of Leicester; XRF); 3) Total organic carbon (TOC) and inorganic C (MINC) data measured via Rock-Eval pyrolysis at the British Geological Survey; 4) Cu, Mo and U trace element concentration data (measured via XRF at the University of Leicester) and enrichment factors relative to Post-Archaean Average Shale (PAAS; Taylor and McLennan, 1985). Analyses were coupled on 99 sample powders from three positions in the Craven Basin and spanning ammonoid biozones P2c-d to E1c1. See also for additional sedimentological and geochemical data from Hind Clough, MHD4 and Cominco S9. These data were also interpreted together with 20 drill-core samples previously acquired from Hind Clough (‘HC01’ prefix). See for further information regarding this drill-core dataset. References: Emmings, J. 2018. Controls on UK Lower Namurian Shale Gas Prospectivity: Understanding the Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Organic Matter in Siliciclastic Mudstones. Unpublished PhD Thesis. University of Leicester. Poulton, S. W. & Canfield, D. E. 2005. Development of a sequential extraction procedure for iron: implications for iron partitioning in continentally derived particulates. Chemical Geology 214, 209-221, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.09.003. Canfield D., Raiswell R., Westrich J., Reaves CM, Berner RA. 1986. The use of chromium reduction in the analysis of reduced inorganic sulfur in sediments and shales. Chemical Geology, 54(1): 149-155. Taylor S, McLennan S. 1985. The Continental Crust: Its Composition and Evolution. Blackwell Scientific: London.

Modal mineralogy data of iceberg-rafted debris (NERC Grant NE/T006609/1)
Modal mineralogy data of iceberg-rafted debris deposited at IODP Site U1538 in the Scotia Sea 1.2 million years ago based on QEMSCAN® analyses, which infer minerals from chemistry

Model output presented in the manuscript "Ocean circulation drifts in multi-millennial climate simulations: the role of salinity corrections and climate feedbacks" by Dentith et al. (2018) (NERC grant NE/L002574/1)
Output from the FAMOUS General Circulation Model presented in the study by Dentith et al. (2018) "Ocean circulation drifts in multi-millennial climate simulations: the role of salinity corrections and climate feedbacks". The following ocean variables are included at model resolution (2.5 ° x 3.75 °): salinity, meridional overturning streamfunction, potential temperature, mixed layer depth, and barotropic streamfunction. Precipitation, evaporation and sea ice concentration data are also included at atmospheric resolution (5 ° x 7.5 °). All data has been processed into netCDF timeseries.

Modelled accumulation of hydrocarbons
Modelled accumulation of hydrocarbons. Coloured circles enclose accumulations that mainly belong to a specific reservoir layer. Se figure 18 in the report, Deliverable 2.5. 3D Pilot Study – Conventionals ( for further explanation.

Modelled depth and thermal history for sediments offshore Sumatra (NERC grant NE/P012140/1)
The thermal state of marine sediments controls a range of potential dehydration reactions as sediments are subducted. In thick sediment sections it is possible that reactions that would normally occur within a subduction zone start offshore of the deformation front. This scenario may be occurring at the Sumatra subduction zone (e.g. Geersen et al., 2013; Huepers et al., 2017). We have investigated this possibility by modelling the thermal and depth history of sediments offshore Sumatra. We have used a range of different assumptions about how the sediments decompact with depth, as well as testing the dependence on the seismic velocities used for depth conversion of the horizons.

Modelling data for assessing potential of available minerals and reactor schemes (NERC Grant NE/P01982X/1)
The data set contains two separate items: (1) Global carbon dioxide removal potential of mine tailings, which includes (a) List of selected silicate-hosted mine tailings (classified by their targeted commodity and typical host rock) for initial assessment of CO2 removal (CDR) potential; (b) Estimated annual and cumulative production (Mt) of suitable tailings for host countries for the years 2030-2100; (c) Assessed deposit types and associated tailings mineralogies; (d) Summary kinetic data for typical targetable minerals in suitable tailings; (e) Effects of mineral compositional (and end member) variations on dissolution rates under unimproved conditions (Wr-Neut); (f) All compiled mineral data used in the GGREW global assessment study and other complimentary GGREW studies; (g) Estimates of dissolution extent over time (on decadal timescales of up to 70 years) for a theoretical 1 kg of tailings material at typical grain sizes and unimproved conditions (using Wr-Neut); (h) Total cumulative CDR (tCDR; MtCO2 as alkalinity); (i) Estimated CDR capacity (cumulative for the estimated annual tailings production at 2030 (sCDR) and total cumulative CDR (tCDR) as alkalinity for 2050 and 2100) for select countries that produce and host suitable tailings; (j) CDR achieved annually by country (2030-2100), under unimproved and improved conditions; and (k) Sources of information for modal mineralogies, commodity production to tailings production ratios and typical grain sizes for each potentially suitable tailings material type. (2) Results of enhanced weathering reactor optimisation with two objectives, namely energy consumption and space (area) requirement, which include the optimisation output for calcite weathering using trickle-bed reactor, calcite weathering using packed-bubble column and forsterite weathering using packed-bubble column. For each of them, the data includes key reactor design parameters, the two objectives, and key process characteristics (particularly, mass transfer performance and mineral dissolution rates).

Molybdenum isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Molybdenum (Mo), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Moment release and associated volume change from a collection of injection- and intrusion-induced seismicity cases (NERC Grant NE/R018006/1)
"This data was compiled for the paper "Self-similarity of seismic moment release to volume change scaling for volcanoes: a comparison with injection-induced seismicity", that has been accepted for publication in Geophysical Research Letters. It is a compilation of literature values of volume changes and associated total seismic moment releases for many injection-induced earthquake sequences. It also includes a number of total moment releases and volume changes from volcanic sequences that were calculated for the study from published earthquake catalogues. This work was conducted to examine the response of the shallow crust to volume changes in the two different contexts, make the comparison between them, and discuss why the response is similar or dissimilar. The data consists of two tables. For the fluid injection data the table lists the project name, the approximate dates, the source, the type of operation, and naturally the volume and total seismic moment release. For the volcanotectonic sequences, it lists the name of the eruption/intrusion, the dates, volume change, and moment release. Also included in both tables are the seismic efficiency (functionally the ratio of moment releasee to volume change, see Hallo et al., 2014) and seismogenic index (another measure of the response of the crust to a volume change, see Shapiro et al., 2010). Aki, K. (1965). Maximum likelihood estimate of b in the formula log N = a-bM and its confidence. Bulletin of Earthquake Research Institute of the University of Tokyo, 43, 237–239. Cao, A., & Gao, S. S. (2002). Temporal variation of seismic b -values beneath northeastern Japan island arc Geophysical Research Letters, 29(9), 48-1-48–3. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001gl013775 Hallo, M., Oprsal, I., Eisner, L., & Ali, M. Y. (2014). Prediction of magnitude of the largest potentially induced seismic event. Journal of Seismology, 18(3), 421–431. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-014-9417-4 Shapiro, S. A., Dinske, C., Langenbruch, C., & Wenzel, F. (2010). Seismogenic index and magnitude probability of earthquakes induced during reservoir fluid stimulations. Leading Edge, 29(3), 304–309. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3353727 "

Monitoring Magmatism and Intrusion from the Bardabunga Volcano, Iceland (NERC grant NE/M017427/1)
The dataset contains 3-component seismic data from seismometers deployed for one year Sept 204-August 2015 following the dyke intrusion from Bardarbunga which led to a 6 month long eruption at Holuhraun. The data is in miniseed format, archived at SEIS-UK and IRIS. The locations of all the microearthquakes we have identified from this data are published in Supplementary Information of Ágústsdóttir et al. (2016) [approx. 31,000 events from the Bardarbunga dyke], in Greenfield et al. [approx. 70,000 events from the Askja-Herðubreið area], and in Hudson et al. (2017), where they are publicly available for download. Ágústsdóttir, T., Woods, J., Greenfield, T., Green, R. G., White, R. S., Winder, T., Brandsdóttir, B., Steinthórsson, S. & Soosalu, H. (2016). Strike-slip faulting during the 2014 Bárðarbunga-Holuhraun dike Intrusion, central Iceland. Geophysical Research Letters, plus Supplementary Information, 43, 1495-1503, doi: 10.1002/2015GL067423 Greenfield, T., White, R. S., Winder, T. Ágústsdóttir, T. Seismicity of the Askja and Bárðarbunga volcanic systems of Iceland, 2009-2015, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, submitted 2017. Hudson, T. S., White, R. S., Greenfield, T., Ágústsdóttir, T., Brisbourne, A. & Green, R. G. (2017). Deep crustal melt plumbing of Bárðarbunga volcano, Iceland, Geophysical Research Letters, 44, doi: 10.1002/2017GL074749

Monitoring Wód Podziemnych - monitoring stanu chemicznego: urządzenia
Monitoring jakości wód podziemnych to system oceny stanu i oceny zmian stanu chemicznego wód podziemnych polegający na prowadzeniu powtarzalnych pomiarów i badań w wybranych, reprezentatywnych punktach pomiarowych, a także interpretacji wyników tych badań w aspekcie ochrony środowiska wodnego.
Celem monitoringu jakości wód podziemnych jest dostarczenie informacji o stanie chemicznym wód podziemnych, śledzenie jego zmian oraz sygnalizacja zagrożeń w skali kraju, na potrzeby zarządzania zasobami wód podziemnych i oceny skuteczności podejmowanych działań ochronnych (Program PMŚ). Monitoring wód podziemnych jest w Polsce prowadzony w sieciach: krajowej, regionalnych i lokalnych. Przedmiotem monitoringu do roku 2015 było 161 jednolitych części wód podziemnych (JCWPd), a od roku 2016 są 172 jednolite części wód podziemnych. Wyniki badań i ocen wykonywanych w ramach monitoringu jakości wód podziemnych służą do optymalizacji działań związanych z ochroną i gospodarowaniem zasobami wód podziemnych, mających na celu utrzymanie lub osiągnięcie dobrego stanu wód podziemnych; są także wykorzystywane na potrzeby wypełniania obowiązków sprawozdawczych wobec Komisji Europejskiej wynikających z dyrektywy Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady z dnia 23 października 2000 r. ustanawiającej ramy wspólnotowego działania w dziedzinie polityki wodnej (tzw. Ramowej Dyrektywy Wodnej) (Dz. Urz. WE L 327 z 22.12.2000, str. 1), dyrektywy Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady z dnia 12 grudnia 2006 r. w sprawie ochrony wód podziemnych przed zanieczyszczeniem i pogorszeniem ich stanu (tzw. dyrektywy „córki”)(Dz. Urz. UE L 372 z 27.12.2006, str. 19) oraz dyrektywy Rady z dnia 12 grudnia 1991 r. w sprawie ochrony wód przed zanieczyszczeniami powodowanymi przez azotany pochodzenia rolniczego (tzw. dyrektywy azotanowej)(Dz. Urz. WE L 375 z 31.12.1991, str. 1).

Monsoon-triggered landslide point data for central-eastern Nepal (NERC grant NE/L002582/1)
This file contains the point data and areas (in m) of 12,838 monsoon-triggered landslides that occurred during distinct monsoon seasons between 1988 and 2018 across a 45,000 km2 region of central-eastern Nepal.

Monthly projected recharge values at selected boreholes across Europe
A dataset showing the locations of the boreholes where monthly projected recharge values are calculated. Clicking a borehole will lead to a figure showing the monthly projected values. Values are best used for guidance only.

Monthly simulated groundwater levels for Central Luzon, Philippines (1979 to 2089) (NERC Grant NE/S003118/1)
Ensemble of simulated groundwater levels for Central Luzon, Philippines. The simulated time series of data covers the period December 1979 to December 2089 under two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP2.6 and RCP 8.5). Each ensemble member csv file contains a timeseries of groundwater levels for five locations within the Central Luzon region. The textfile included in the folder shows the coordinates for these locations.

Monthly simulated groundwater levels for Iloilo, Philippines (1979 to 2089) (NERC Grant NE/S003118/1)
Ensemble of simulated groundwater levels for Iloilo, Philippines. The simulated time series of data covers the period December 1979 to December 2089 under two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP2.6 and RCP 8.5). Each ensemble member csv file contains a timeseries of groundwater levels for thirteen locations within the Iloilo region. The textfile included in the folder shows the coordinates for these locations.

Monthly time-series data of individual terrestrial water stores including groundwater storage from GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellites and GLDAS Land Surface Models for the world's large aquifer systems (NERC NE/M008932/1)
Monthly anomalies (August 2002 to July 2016) of total terrestrial water storage (TWS), soil moisture storage (SMS), surface water storage (SWS), snow water storage (SNS), groundwater storage (GWS) derived from an ensemble mean of 3 gridded GRACE products (CSR, JPL-Mascons and GRGS) and an ensemble mean 4 land surface models (CLM, NOAH, VIC and MOSAIC), provided by the NASA’s Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS). Monthly precipitation (CRU) data, derived from the Climatic Research Unit (CRU), were aggregated over each aquifer system. GRACE, GLDAS and CRU datasets are publicly available at the global scale. (NERC grant NE/M008932/1)

Morphological and lithological coastal type

Morphometric data for a new species of fossil planktonic foraminifera, Globigerinoides rublobatus n. sp, from IODP Site U1483A (NERC Grant NE/L002485/1)
Morphometric data, produced and used, to describe Globigerinoides rublobatus n. sp., a new species of fossil planktonic foraminifera from the Pleistocene Indian Ocean. We used image analysis and morphometry of 860 specimens from International Ocean Discovery Program Site U1483 in the tropical Indian Ocean to document morphological variability in the new species and related taxa.

Moscow PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Moscow, Russia. It has been provided by CGG NPA Satellite Mapping as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Mount Etna (Italy) 2021 eruption: seismic and acoustic array data (NERC Grant NE/W004771/1)
This dataset contains data from two seismic and one infrasound array deployed at Mt. Etna during the late part of the 2020-2021 eruptive crises (May-November 2021). The arrays were composed as follow: 1) a 7-element array of 3-component, broadband (Trillium T120 compact) seismometers; 2) a 5-element array of 3-component short-period (Lennartz LE-3Dlite-MkII); 3) a 6-element array of broadband infrasound microphones (IST2018). All data were recorded with a sampling rate of 100 Hz and 24-bit resolution using Digos Datacube3 digitizers. The data were collected through a collaboration between the University of Liverpool, UK, and the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Italy, with the purpose of characterizing pre- and syn-eruption tremor signals at Etna, and their links to the timing, style and intensity of paroxysmal eruptive activity at the volcano. The dataset contains records of different examples of paroxysmal activity (i.e., intense episodes of sustained Strombolian explosions accompanied by emission of ash at the vent) as well signals associated with as explosive degassing at the summit vent. Data recovery rates for this experiment were high; there are only very minor gaps in the data owing to periods of scheduled maintenance and data download during the deployment period.

Mount Pinatubo, Philippines 1991 mineral maps
Backscattered electron and major element maps of pumice from the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines. Samples provided by Mauro Rosi; for detailed description of location and eruptive stratigraphy see the following paper: Rosi, M., Paladio-Melosantos, M., Di Muro, A., Leoni, R. and Bacolcol, T., 2001. Fall vs flow activity during the 1991 climactic eruption of Pinatubo Volcano (Philippines). Bulletin of Volcanology, 62, pp.549-566. Backscattered electron maps were obtained on a Zeiss Sigma HD Field Emission Gun analytical scanning electron microscope (ASEM). Major element maps were obtained on the same ASEM using dual Oxford Instruments X-max 150 mm2 energy dispersive silicon drift detectors.

Multiple calibrated laboratory images of experiments to determine leakage rates through faults and geological heterogeneities (NERC Grant NE/N016084/1)
Multiple calibrated laboratory images of experiments to determine leakage rates through faults and geological heterogeneities. Two sequences of images, and associated movie (avi file) depicting laboratory fault experiments as described in; Gilmore, K., Sahu, C., Benham, G., Neufeld, J., & Bickle, M. (2022). Leakage dynamics of fault zones: Experimental and analytical study with application to CO2 storage. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 931, A31. doi:10.1017/jfm.2021.970

Multiple zonal jets and convective heat transport barriers in a quasi-geostrophic model of planetary cores (NERC Grant NE/M017893/1)
Data extracted from simulations of rapidly-rotating Boussinesq convection driven by internal heating in a full sphere and published in Guervilly & Cardin, 2017, Geophys. J. Int. 211, 455-471 (DOI:10.1093/gji/ggx315). The simulations were run for Ekman numbers of 1e-7 and 1e-8 and Prandtl numbers of 0.1 and 0.01. The data consist of tables of input and output parameters (Reynolds number of the convective and zonal flows, convective lengthscale and Rhines scale).

Multiscale models for MCFC, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and CO2 compression
A Multiphysics model for a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) developed in COMSOL. This is a multiphysics model for a MCFC. It has been built using COMSOL Multiphysics®. It enables the user to investigate the composition of the fuel and flue gases as well as the design parameters (e.g. the thickness of the electrolyte) on the performance of the fuel cell and the efficiency of CO2 capture. For example, the impact of CO2 concentration in the flue gas on the fuel cell performance and the carbon capture factor (which is a measure on how much CO2 has been concentrated from the flue gas) could be evaluated. One of the key findings show that the fuel cell performance improves and the carbon capture factor decreases with increasing CO2 in the flue gas. A process model for liquid fuel production through reverse water gas shift (RWGS) and Fischer-Tropsch (FT) developed in Aspen Plus. The model enables the user to examine the production of liquid fuels through CO2 hydrogenation followed by FT synthesis. The user can test different conditions for the RWGS such as H2/CO2 ratio and temperature and investigate how these changes affect the CO2 conversion. The product distribution for the FT follows the Anderson–Schulz–Flory (ASF) distribution. The ASF model is applied in a FORTRAN calculator and assumes a chain growth probability factor (α) of 0.9; the user may change the value of α and investigate how this affects the product distribution. A CO2 compression model developed in Aspen Plus. The model liquefies the captured CO2 stream through multistage compression with intermediate cooling and water condensation/removal. UKCCSRC Flexible Funds 2020.

Murcia PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Murcia, Spain. It has been provided by Altamira Information as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Murchison House Aerial Photograph And Satellite Image Inventory
This data set is an inventory of aerial photographs held at BGS, Murchison House office and consists of a MS Excel spreadsheet containing 11 worksheets. Each worksheet contains information pertaining to the different sub-collections within the collection (9 worksheets of aerial photographs, one for aerial photograph scans, one for satellite imagery). Quality and coverage of metadata varies from worksheet to worksheet, depending on the size of the sub-collection, its pre-existing organisation, and the way in which the sub-collection was brought together (if it was not a complete entity when the inventory was started). Areal extent ranges from Shetland in the N (1200000) to the southern Lake District in the S (480000) and from Barra in the W (65000) to Stockton-on-Tees in the E (450000). By late 2001 all photos (except those being worked on by cuurently by staff) were catalogued in the inventory spreadsheet. By late 2003, the inventory spreadsheet had been updated with newly purchased and newly discovered photos as well as modified to include details of digital holdings and satellite imagery.

Nama Group geochemistry (NERC grant NE/I00596X/1)
Rare earth element, major and minor element, and iron speciation data for nine independent sections in the Nama Group, described in detail in Wood et al., 2015, Precambrian Research, and Tostevin et al., 2016, Nature Communications. Additional data for Zebra River section include sulfur isotopes from carbonate associated sulfate (published in Tostevin et al, 2017, Precambrian Research); Uranium isotope data for carbonates (published in Tostevin et al., 2019, EPSL); Calcium isotope data for carbonates (unpublished).

Nannofossil assemblage data IODP expedition U359 (NERC grant NE/N014049/1)
Nannofossil assemblage data IODP expedition U359 produced from NERC Grant NE/N014049/1. Data collected from the Maldives, Indian Ocean. NERC grant award abstract: IOPD Expedition 359, Sea Level, Currents, and Monsoon Evolution in the Indian Ocean will be investigating the Maldives Ridge which stretches southward through the Indian Ocean as a double chain of coral atolls. These atolls lie along a volcanic ridge which formed over a mantle hotspot as the Indian plate moved northwards. As the ridge cooled it subsided to be replaced at the surface by the string of atolls and between them deeper troughs.Within these troughs vast thicknesses of carbonate sediments derived from the ridge have built up intermixed with open ocean sediments. These sediments provide a unique opportunity to examine the relationships between open ocean planktonic carbonates and shallow marine carbonates - which normally are difficult to compare. This project seeks to exploit this opportunity to see whether there are any consistent correlations between changes in the pelagic carbonate producing coccolithophores and the shallow marine carbonate system. If such correlations do occur it will provide strong evidence that abiotic factors such as temperature and sea water chemistry have strong influences on large scale evolution of these systems. Conversely if no such linkages can be observed it will cal into question the degree to which changes in for instance coccolithophore abundance or calcification are interpreted as being caused by abiotic factors. The great thicknesses of the successions also mean that intervals of abrupt change in plankton assemblages can be studied at higher resolution than is normally possible. This will provide the opportunity to test if such changes are caused by environmental events. The project will specifically focus on size variation in the dominant group of coccolithophores the reiticulofenestrids. This group shows a long term size reduction but this is formed of series of abrupt size reduction events separated by extended intervals of size increase. This will be the first time the set of size reduction events from the middle Miocene to the recent have been studied systematically in one place as well as testing to see if they correlate with change in environmental proxies or changes in the shallow marine carbonate system.

Nannofossil data from early Eocene hyperthermal K/X, Site 1510, SW Pacific Ocean 850 km west of northern New Zealand. (NERC grant NE/R009295/1)
The data is presented as relative abundances of all species encountered in 300 counts on standard light microscope smear slides. Counts are presented from 64 samples, ranging from sample U1510A 48X 1W 50-51 cm (435.90 m) to U1510A 52X CC 24 cm (478.09 m). A second dataset provides semi-quantitative data from the same samples, which includes species that were not encountered during the 300 count.

Nanoindentation of shales from the Horn River Basin, North West Canada (NERC Grant NE/R018057/1, NE/R017840/1, NE/R017565/1)
This dataset contains results from nanoindentation testing of five shale samples from the Horn River Basin (core from wells A100B/94 and D94A/94). The samples are from the following formations: A3 Fort Simpson, A6 Fort Simpson, D1 Muskwa, A16 Otter Park, and A20 Evie. The data is in two sets. Set 1 includes nanoindentation data from all samples, with grids conducted both parallel and perpendicular to the bedding plane. In Set 2, additional chemical analysis of select grids (on samples A3, A6 and A20) was undertaken using SEM/EDS. Both sets include the following tab-separated .txt files: grid_para.txt [Load-displacement-time data for each indent (parallel indentation)]; grid_para_summary.txt [Reduced elastic modulus, hardness and creep modulus for each indent (parallel indentation)]; grid_perp.txt [Load-displacement-time data for each indent (perpendicular indentation)]; grid_perp_summary.txt [Reduced elastic modulus, hardness and creep modulus data for each indent (parallel indentation)]. Set 2 also includes .tif files containing SEM images and EDS chemical analysis of the grids. The data has been filtered to remove indents which show 'pop-in' behaviour or time-displacement curves that do not conform to a logarithmic fit. ACKNOWLEDGMENT - The authors wish to thank the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) for funding this research through the SHAPE-UK project (grant numbers NE/R018057/1, NE/R017840/1, and NE/R017565/1), which forms Challenge 3 of the UKUH (Unconventional Hydrocarbons in the UK Energy System) programme.

Nanoindentation, high-angular resolution electron backscatter diffraction (HR-EBSD), and transmission electron microscopy data in synthetic forsterite bicrystal samples (NERC Grant NE/S00162X/1)
The data are nanoindentation, high-angular resolution electron backscatter diffraction (HR-EBSD), and transmission electron microscopy data collected on samples of synthetic forsterite bicrystals at room temperature. The data were collected in two samples, with high- and low- angle grain boundaries (HAGB, 60°, [100]/(011) and SB, 13°, [100]/(016)). The EBSD data are the basis for the HR-EBSD calculation. The HR-EBSD results are presented as Matlab data files. The nanoindentation data are categorised as a function of sample (‘ol13’ – low-angle grain boundary; and ‘ol60’ – high-angle grain boundary), and indenter tip geometry (spherical (with a 10 or 5 micron radius) and pyramidal (Berkovich). The data are presented in .xls files. The TEM data are presented as .tif files. The TEM data were collected in specific indents with various distances from the interfaces. These data have been published in the manuscript: : The Role of Grain Boundaries in Low-Temperature Plasticity of Olivine Revealed by Nanoindentation, with the DOI: 10.1029/2023JB026763

National (Great Britain) Recharge Model climate change runs - 11 regional climate models
The data are the gridded recharge values obtained from the BGS distributed recharge model (ZOODRM) driven by 11 Ensembles of the HaDCM3 Regional Climate Model (RCM) taken from the Future Flow and Groundwater Level data set ( The model covers the mainland areas of England, Scotland and Wales. The 11 ensembles are run from January 1950 to December 2099. The dataset themselves are the gridded (2 km by 2 km) outputs from the recharge model averaged over four time horizons: historical, 20s, 50s, and 80s, for each of the 11 ensembles. The results can be used to assess the impact of climate change on potential recharge (soil drainage) for catchments in mainland England, Scotland and Wales.

National Bedrock Fence Diagram of Great Britain (GB3D_v2012)
In 2011 the British Geological Survey (BGS) decided to begin the assembly of a National Geological Model (NGM) from its existing and on-going geological framework models , comprising integrated national crustal, bedrock and Quaternary models. The bedrock component is the most advanced of these themes and comprises both the calculated models and a complementary network of cross-sections that provide a fence diagram for the bedrock geology of Great Britain. This fence diagram, the GB3D_v2012 dataset is available in a variety of formats from the BGS website www.bgs.ac.uk as free downloads. It complements the existing 1:625 000 scale mapsheets published by BGS utilising the same colour schema and geological classification. The 121 component cross-sections extend to depths between 1.5 and 6 km; they have an aggregate length of over 20,000 km, and they are snapped together at their intersections to ensure total consistency. The sections are based on the existing BGS geological framework models where they cut through them, they also take account of the vast wealth of published data on the subsurface structure of Britain both from BGS and in the literature. Much of this is in the form of cross-sections, contour maps of surfaces, and thicknesses (isopachs). The fence diagram has been built in the Geological Surveying and Investigation in 3D (GSI3D) software. It is envisaged that this dataset will form a useful educational resource for geoscience students and the general public, and also provide the bedrock geology context and structure for regional and catchment scale studies. The fence diagram was built in 2009-12 using funding from the BGS National Capability Programme and the Environment Agency of England and Wales. 14 expert regional geologists compiled the sections.

National Bedrock Fence Diagram of Great Britain (GB3D_v2014)
In 2011 the British Geological Survey (BGS) decided to begin the assembly of a National Geological Model (NGM) from its existing and on-going geological framework models , comprising integrated national crustal, bedrock and Quaternary models. The bedrock component is the most advanced of these themes and comprises both the calculated models and a complementary network of cross-sections that provide a fence diagram for the bedrock geology of Great Britain. This fence diagram, the GB3D_v2014 dataset is available in a variety of formats from the BGS website www.bgs.ac.uk as free downloads, it supercedes the earlier 2012 version. The model complements the existing 1:625 000 scale mapsheets published by BGS utilising the same colour schema and geological classification. The component cross-sections extend to depths between 1.5 and 6 km; they have an aggregate length of over 25,000 km, and they are snapped together at their intersections to ensure total consistency. The sections are based on the existing BGS geological framework models where they cut through them together and incorporate around 300 deep stratigraphic boreholes across England and Wales. The sections also take account of the vast wealth of published data on the subsurface structure of Britain both from BGS and in the scientific literature. Much of this is in the form of cross-sections, contour maps of surfaces, and thicknesses (isopachs). The fence diagram has been built in the Geological Surveying and Investigation in 3D (GSI3D) software. It is envisaged that this dataset will form a useful educational resource for geoscience students and the general public, and also provide the bedrock geology context and structure for regional and catchment scale studies. The fence diagram has been built in stages between 2009-14 using funding from the BGS National Capability Programme the Environment Agency of England and Wales, and the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority. Some 16 expert regional geologists compiled the sections.

NATIONAL GEOLOGICAL MAP 1 (test)

NATIONAL GEOLOGICAL MAP 2 (test)

NATIONAL GEOLOGICAL MAP N (test)

National Oceanography Centre (NOC) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1995_CD91: LOIS Shelf Edge Study: Hebridean Shelf edge (02/Mar/1995 to 02/Apr/1995)
This marine geophysical and sampling survey took place over two legs (CD91A & CD91B) in March and April 1995 in the Hebridean Shelf edge area aboard the RSS Charles Darwin as part of the LOIS Shelf Edge Study. Sea floor data were collected using a echo-sounder and TOBI sidescan sonar. Seabed sampling data was gathered using Kasten corer, box corer, gravity corer. CTD, water sampling ADCP current profiler were also used. Seimic profiling was not collected due to weather conditions. Technical details of the survey are contained in POL Cruise Report 20.

National Oceanography Centre (NOC) Sampling Survey 1995_CH120: LOIS Shelf Edge Study Ellett Line: NW Scotland (18/Jul/1995 to 06/Aug/1995)
This marine sampling survey took place in July and August 1995 in the Hebridean Shelf edge area aboard the RSS Challenger as part of the LOIS Shelf Edge Study. Seabed sampling data was gathered using a box corer. For technical details of the survey contact Plymouth Marine Laboratory.

National scale potential recharge values for France
A national scale map that shows yearly LTA potential recharge values (mm/year) calculated over France. Values are calculated at daily time step and averaged over the period 1981 – 2010 The map presents the mean yearly potential groundwater recharge (refers to the part of the precipitation not stored in the soil, nor used by the vegetation) that infiltrates to potentially reach the aquifers calculated over the period 1981-2010 and at the spatial scale of 8 x 8 km grid cells and provided in mm/years

National scale potential recharge values for Great Britain
A national scale map that shows yearly LTA potential recharge values (mm/year) calculated over Great Britain mainland using the simplified FAO method driven by rainfall and potential evaporation data over the period 1980 to 2010

National scale potential recharge values for Ireland
The Groundwater Recharge map shows where different amounts of rainfall reach the stores of groundwater (the ‘aquifers’) across Ireland. The estimated average annual recharge amount is shown in units of millimetres per year (mm/yr). The amount of recharge was calculated over the period 1981-2010 and then averaged to give a yearly amount. The groundwater recharge map shows estimated average annual recharge to the deep groundwater system. The ‘deep groundwater’ can be tapped steadily year-round and yields aren’t significantly influenced by seasonal changes. The main geological controls on groundwater recharge include soil drainage, subsoil type, subsoil permeability, subsoil thickness, and the ability of the underlying aquifer to accept percolating waters. This map is best displayed to the scale 1:40,000 (1cm on the map relates to a distance of 400m). Users of the map should be aware that for each hydrogeological scenario, the map uses the typical recharge coefficient from an available range. It also uses the 30 year average effective rainfall. This means that groundwater recharge may be over- or under-estimated, depending on local conditions. Users should also be aware that the recharge cap applied to poorly productive aquifers may need further examination for particular studies

National scale potential recharge values for Spain
A national scale map that shows yearly LTA actual recharge values (mm/year) calculated over Spain. The Recharge for the reference period (1980-2010) were calculated at yearly scale by using an empirical rainfall-recharge model (Pulido Velazquez et al., 2018).

National scale potential recharge values for the Netherlands
A national scale map that shows yearly LTA potential recharge values (mm/year) calculated over the Netherlands. Values are averaged over the period 1981 to 2010

National Seismological Archive.
The National Seismological Archive (NSA) is the United Kingdom national repository for seismological material. It was created principally to preserve data from seismological observatories in the UK that have now closed. In many cases in the past records have been lost or destroyed when there is no longer anyone to look after them; the NSA provides a permanent home for these historical scientific documents, to preserve them for posterity. The principal collection consists of the seismograms stores from defunct observatories; also bulletins and reports from all over the world dating from the 1890s onwards, held in a variety of media, including earthquake-related newspaper cuttings, glass slides, microfilm, and comprehensive UK earthquake research material collected over a 30 year period. The archive has a public access room available for researchers and welcomes visiting scientists who wish to study material held in it. If it is impractical to visit, we may be able to supply data from it, subject to staff availability. One of the major projects of the archive has been the presentation of current knowledge of UK historical earthquake seismology material in a short series of reports, easily accessible to researchers. These are available for download as Adobe Acrobat Portable Document Format files (.pdf) from the NSA download page.

National Soil-Parent Material
The National Soil Parent Material dataset is a GIS describing the geological material from which topsoils and subsoils (A and B horizons) develop (i.e. from the base of pedological soil down to c. 3m). These deposits display a variable degree of weathering, but still exhibit core geological characteristics relating to their lithologies. The dataset covers England, Scotland and Wales and characterises parent material lithology, texture, mineralogy, strength and a range of other soil/parent related properties.

Natural Analogues
Data from projects that investigated the migration, transport and retardation processes of naturally occuring trace elements, as analogues the behaviour in the geosphere environment, of radionuclides from radioactive wastes. Study sites included: the Quaternary Broubster Peat Bog, near Thurso in Caithness (study of the migration behaviour and characteristics of U, Th, Ra, Pb, Cu, Zn, organic complexes such as fulvic and humic acids); the Needle's Eye site (Quaternary estuarine and marsh/mudflat sediments) on the Solway Coast of Dumfries and Galloway (study of the migration and retardation behaviour of U in Quaternary sediments and fractured Palaeozoic source rocks); Study of U geochemistry and transport behaviour from uranium-rich mine wastes at the South Terras Mine site, near St Austell, Cornwall; Study of the geochemistry of diffusion of Cl and I from marine source sediments into lacustrine sediments in Quaternary sediments from Loch Lomond. Data consists entirely of published reports of geological, geochemical, hydrochemical petrological and mineralogical information. The data includes descriptive and numerical data but is not digitally available in its present state.

Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2009/6_DETI: 2D Seismic Survey, North Channel, Offshore NE Ireland (14/Sep/2009 to 28/Sep/2009)
This 2D Hi-resolution multichannel seismic survey took place September 2009 in the North Channel Basin offshore NE Ireland on board the Fugro Meridian. The survey was carried out by Fugro on behalf of Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)/Department of Enterprise, Trade and Investment (DETI). The aim was the evaluation of the potential development of offshore gas cavern storage sites in the salt formations of the Permo-Trias. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in FugroReport No.: FSLTD 29-00050 and futher information is available in the reports, A geological interpretation of the nearshore area between Belfast Lough and Cushendun, Northern Ireland, utilising a newly acquired 2D seismic dataset to evaluate salt layers for their potential for gas storage in salt caverns ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/516832/) and A geomorphological interpretation of multibeam data, nearshore area between Belfast Lough and Cushendun, Northern Ireland ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/530766/).

Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2011/4 QICS: Ardmucknish Bay (14/Jun/2011 to 17/Jun/2011)
This marine multibeam and geophysical survey took place in June 2011 in the Ardmucknish Bay area on board the BGS survey vessel RV White Ribbon. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS) in collaboration with Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS) and National Oceanography Centre (SAMS). QICS (Quantifying and monitoring potential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage) was a scientific research project funded by NERC. The purpose was to collect the data necessary to identify a potential directional drilling route from shore to a submerged gas release point. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using an EM3002D. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were collected using a surface tow boomer. These data are archived by BGS. Upon completion of the QICS study area additional seismic profiles were collected in the neighbourhood. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Report of Survey. Webpage www.bgs.ac.uk/QICS/.

Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2012/5 QICS: Ardmucknish Bay (11/Apr/2012 to 13/Apr/2012)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical and multibeam survey took place in April 2012 in the area of Ardmucknish Bay on board the RV White Ribbon. This was a follow up survey to the previous work carried out in this area in 2011 (2011/4). QICS (Quantifying and monitoring potential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage) was a scientific research project funded by NERC; its purpose was to improve the understanding of the sensitivities of the UK marine environment to a potential leak from a carbon capture storage (CCS) system. The aim of the survey was to assess any affect the drilling of the borehole had on the underlying sediments. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were collected using an Applied Acoustics surface tow boomer (STB). These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in the BGS Report of Survey. Webpage www.bgs.ac.uk/QICS/.

Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Geophysical and Multibeam Survey 2012/7 QICS: Ardmucknish Bay (20/Jun/2012 to 22/Jun/2012)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical and multibeam survey took place in June 2012 in the area of Ardmucknish Bay on board the RV White Ribbon. This was a follow up survey to the previous work carried out in this area (2011/4 and 2012/5). QICS (Quantifying and monitoring potential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage) was a scientific research project funded by NERC; its purpose was to improve the understanding of the sensitivities of the UK marine environment to a potential leak from a carbon capture storage (CCS) system. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were collected using an Applied Acoustics surface tow boomer (STB). These data are archived by BGS. Webpage www.bgs.ac.uk/QICS/.

Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Geophysical Survey 1992/5: LOIS project: Tees (01/09/1992 to 01/09/1992)
This geophysical survey has been undertaken by University College of North Wales (UCNW) for Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), the survey took place in September 1992 in the Tees, Seal Sands area on board the Sandpebbler. The purpose was to collect data as part of the NERC Land-Ocean Interaction Study (LOIS). British Geological Survey were a participant in the LOIS study. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using surface tow boomer. Navigation positioning GPS system. These data are archived by UCNW. Survey details are contained in University College of North Wales report “Geophysical studies in the Humber and Tees Estuaries and the Fenland/Wash area by A. M. Davies, J. D. Bennel, J. Butcher, C. Hartfall, I. Richarson and B. Williams”. NERC contract F60/G12/15.

Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Geophysical Survey 1993/5: LOIS project: Humber (08/03/1993 to 12/03/1993)
This geophysical survey has been undertaken by University College of North Wales (UCNW) for Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), the survey took place in March 1993 in the Humber flats and marches on board the MV Petroswift. The purpose was to collect data as part of the NERC Land-Ocean Interaction Study (LOIS). British Geological Survey were a participant in the study. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using surface tow boomer. Navigation positioning Trisponder system. These data are archived by UCNW. Survey details are contained in University College of North Wales report “Geophysical studies in the Humber and Tees Estuaries and the Fenland/Wash area by A. M. Davies, J. D. Bennel, J. Butcher, C. Hartfall, I. Richarson and B. Williams”. NERC contract F60/G12/15.

Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Geophysical Survey 1993/6: LOIS project: The Wash (15/06/1993 to 23/06/1993)
This geophysical and sampling survey has been undertaken by University College of North Wales (UCNW) for Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), the survey took place in June 1993 in The Wash on board the MV Petroswift. The purpose was to collect data as part of the NERC Land-Ocean Interaction Study (LOIS). British Geological Survey were a participant in the study. Sea floor data were collected using echo sounder. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using surface tow boomer. Sample data were collected using mini Van Veen Grab Sampler. Navigation positioning Trisponder system. These data are archived by UCNW. Survey details are contained in University College of North Wales report “Geophysical studies in the Humber and Tees Estuaries and the Fenland/Wash area by A. M. Davies, J. D. Bennel, J. Butcher, C. Hartfall, I. Richarson and B. Williams”. NERC contract F60/G12/15.

Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Geophysical Survey 2014/8 QICS: Ardmucknish Bay (29/Sep/2014 to 03/Oct/2014)
This marine geophysical survey took place on 1st October 2014 in the area of Ardmucknish Bay on board the RV White Ribbon. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS). This was a follow up survey to the previous work carried out in this area (Surveys: 2011/4 and 2012/5, 2012/7) to monitor changes in the geometry of gas charged sediments. QICS (Quantifying and monitoring potential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage) was a scientific research project funded by NERC; its purpose was to improve the understanding of the sensitivities of the UK marine environment to a potential leak from a carbon capture storage (CCS) system. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were collected using an Applied Acoustics surface tow boomer (STB). These data are archived by BGS. Webpage www.bgs.ac.uk/QICS/. NERC grant NE/H013954/1.

Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Sampling Survey 1995_CD92: LOIS - Shelf Edge Study Ellett Line: North East Atlantic Ocean (06/Apr/1995 to 13/Apr/1995)
This NERC marine sampling survey took place in April 1995 in the North East Atlantic Ocean on board the RRS Charles Darwin. The purpose was to identify suitable sites on the LOIS northern mooring line for benthic process studies and carry out the first set of process measurements in the LOIS study at these sites. BGS collected three box core samples. Survey details contained in Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory Cruise report 92/95.

Natural Reserves
Protected area of importance for wild life flora or fauna.

Nd model age versus deposition age of fine-grained continental sedimentary rocks (NERC grant NE/K008862/1)
A worldwide compilation of 645 analyses of Sm and Nd concentrations, and Nd isotopes, in fine-grained continental sedimentary rocks with a range of deposition ages. These data were used in Dhuime et al. (2017, Sedimentary Geology 357, 16-32) to calculate the variation in the Nd model age of fine-grained continental sediments as a function of their age of deposition.

Near-field TLS and SfM datasets from the 2016 central Italian Earthquake Sequence ( NERC grant NE/P018858/1)
Terrestrial laser scanning datasets (including GPS data for georeferencing), structure from motion datasets, and field photographs collected during the 2016 Central Italian Earthquake sequence. Data were collected from multiple localities to capture the co- and post- seismic near-fault deformation along the earthquake surface ruptures. See the scan_data.xlsx for individual details of each laser scan location, and readme.txt for a complete description. In each scan site folder you can find the unprocessed raw files and processed ascii files. Note, not all processed files are georeferenced.This is due to time constraints on field data collection. Georeferencing for these data can be achieved by point cloud matching to other georeferenced scans. Photos for structure from motion (SfM) datasets were collected with a Nikon camera. All original photos are provided. Field photographs taken in the aftermath of the 2016 Norcia Earthquake (30th October 2016, Mw6.6) are also provided. Relevant references are: Wilkinson, MW, KJW McCaffrey, RR Jones, GP Roberts, RE Holdsworth, LC Gregory, RJ Walters, LNJ Wedmore, H Goodall, F Iezzi (2017). Near-field fault slip of the 2016 Vettore Mw 6.6 earthquake (Central Italy) measured using low-cost GNSS. Scientific Reports 7: 4612. Walters, RJ, LC Gregory, LNJ Wedmore, TJ Craig, K McCaffrey, M Wilkinson, J Chen, Z Li, JR Elliott, H Goodall, F Iezzi, F Livio, AM Michetti, G Roberts, E Vittori (2018). Dual control of fault intersections on stop-start rupture in the 2016 Central Italy seismic sequence. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 500, 1-14. Wedmore, LNJ, LC Gregory, KJW McCaffrey, H Goodall, RJ Walters (in review). Partitioned off-fault deformation in the 2016 Norcia earthquake captured by differential terrestrial laser scanning. Submitted to Geophysical Research Letters.

Near-field TLS datasets from the 2016 central Italian Earthquake Sequence covering the 30th Oct Norcia Earthquake (NERC grant NE/P018858/1)
Terrestrial laser scanning datasets (including GPS data for georeferencing), and field photographs collected during the 2016 Central Italian Earthquake sequence. Data were collected from multiple localities to capture the co- seismic near-fault deformation along the earthquake surface ruptures from the 30th Oct Norcia Earthquake. See the scan_data.xlsx for individual details of each laser scan location, and readme.txt for a complete description. In each scan site folder you can find the unprocessed raw files and processed ascii files. Field photographs taken at the site and in the aftermath of the 2016 Norcia Earthquake (30th October 2016, Mw6.6) are provided. Relevant references are: Wilkinson, MW, KJW McCaffrey, RR Jones, GP Roberts, RE Holdsworth, LC Gregory, RJ Walters, LNJ Wedmore, H Goodall, F Iezzi (2017). Near-field fault slip of the 2016 Vettore Mw 6.6 earthquake (Central Italy) measured using low-cost GNSS. Scientific Reports 7: 4612. Walters, RJ, LC Gregory, LNJ Wedmore, TJ Craig, K McCaffrey, M Wilkinson, J Chen, Z Li, JR Elliott, H Goodall, F Iezzi, F Livio, AM Michetti, G Roberts, E Vittori (2018). Dual control of fault intersections on stop-start rupture in the 2016 Central Italy seismic sequence. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 500, 1-14. Wedmore, LNJ, LC Gregory, KJW McCaffrey, H Goodall, RJ Walters (in review). Partitioned off-fault deformation in the 2016 Norcia earthquake captured by differential terrestrial laser scanning. Submitted to Geophysical Research Letters (directly related to this dataset). The dataset will also be available on opentopography.com once the above paper is accepted.

Needle's Eye Depth Core (Control) Ion Torrent FASTQ Data (NERC Grant NE/L000326/1)
Soil depth core collected from the Needle’s Eye site in Dumfries, Scotland. Clear plastic depth core was lowered into a bog within the site, excised, and capped at the top and bottom. Core was sliced at 1 cm intervals at the University of Manchester in an anaerobic bag. A total of 42 samples were generated. Soil samples were returned to Newcastle University.

Needle's Eye Depth Core Ion Torrent FASTQ Data (NERC Grant NE/L000326/1)
Soil depth core collected from the Needle’s Eye site in Dumfries, Scotland. Clear plastic depth core was lowered into a bog within the site, excised, and capped at the top and bottom. Core was sliced at 1 cm intervals at the University of Manchester in an anaerobic bag. A total of 41 samples were generated. Soil samples were returned to Newcastle University.

Neodymium and Strontium isotope compositions of Miocene to recent sediments collected at Site U1521 during International Ocean Discovery Programme (IODP) Expedition 374 to the Ross Sea, Antarctica. (NERC Grant NE/R018219/1)
This dataset comprises neodymium (Nd) and strontium (Sr) isotope compositions measured on 72 sediment samples, from IODP Expedition 374 Site U1521 to the Ross Sea. These were collected on the RV JOIDES Resolution. Shipboard biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy suggests the samples are mainly early Miocene in age (McKay et al., 2019). The uppermost samples do, however, include younger Plio-Pleistocene sediments. Neodymium and Sr isotope analyses were conducted using a multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (MC-ICP-MS) and a thermal ionisation mass spectrometer (TIMS), respectively, in the MAGIC laboratories at Imperial College London. Neodymium and Sr isotopes in sediments can be compared to measurements from terrestrial rock samples, allowing the changing provenance of the sediments to be traced. This dataset therefore provides information on how erosion by Antarctica’s ice sheets bordering the Ross Sea has changed over time. Neodymium isotopes are reported in the epsilon notation, which denotes the deviation in parts per 10,000 from the present-day composition of the Chondritic Uniform Reservoir (143Nd/144Nd = 0.512638) (Jacobsen and Wasserburg, 1980).

Neodymium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Neodymium (Nd), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Neodymium isotope data from IODP Expedition 369 sites (NERC grant NE/R012350/1)
Neodymium (Nd) isotope data measured from fossil fish debris and sediment leaches collected from IODP Sites U1512, U1513, U1514 and U1516.

Neogene neodymium isotope data from the Philippine Sea (IODP Expedition 351) (NERC Grant NE/M017370/1)
We report sedimentary coatings and fish teeth neodymium isotope values – tracers for water-mass mixing – from deep-water International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Site U1438 (4.7 km water depth) in the Philippine Sea, northwest Pacific Ocean. The time period encompasses the last 20 million years.

Neoproterozoic carbonate geochemistry data: Svalbard and Scotland (NERC grant NE/H004963/1)
The stratigraphic scope of the data is 1) the Polarisbreen Group of NE Svalbard (late Tonian to Ediacaran) and 2) top Appin and lower Argyll Groups, western Scotland (late Tonian to Cryogenian). Geochemical data on carbonates includes, in different cases, stable oxygen and carbon isotopes, strontium isotopes and trace elements. Results from Scotland are published in: Fairchild, I.J., Spencer, A.M., Ali, D.O., Anderson, R.P., Anderton, R., Boomer, I., Dove, D., Evans, J.D., Hambrey, M.J., Howe, J., Sawaki, Y., Wang, Z., Shields, G., Skelton, A. Tucker, M.E. and Zhou, Y. 2017 Tonian-Cryogenian boundary sections of Argyll, Scotland. Precambrian Research. doi: 10.1016/j.precamres.2017.09.020. An additional plot of some of the data is in: Ali, D.O., Spencer, A.M., Fairchild, I.J., Chew, K.J., Anderton, R., Levell, B.K., Hambrey, M.J., Dove, D., Le Heron, D.P. 2018. Indicators of relative completeness of the glacial record of the Port Askaig Formation, Garvellach Islands, Scotland. Precambrian Research. Doi: 10.1016/j.precamres.2017.12.005. Results from Svalbard are partly published (Elbobreen Formation, members 3 and 4; Wilsonbreen Formation) in the publications listed below. Data on Elbobreen Formation, members 1 and 2 and the Dracoisen Formation are not published at the time of writing (January 2018). Fairchild, I.J., Bonnand, P., Davies, T., Fleming, E.J., Grassineau, N., Halverson, G.P., Hambrey, M.J., McMillan, E.A., McKay, E., Parkinson, I.J. and Stevenson, C.T.E. 2016 The Late Cryogenian Warm Interval, NE Svalbard: chemostratigraphy and genesis of dolomitic shales. Precambrian Research, 281, 128-154. Fairchild, I.J., Fleming, E.J., Bao, H., Benn, D.I., Boomer, I., Dublyansky, Y.V., Halverson, G.P., Hambrey, M.J., Hendy, C., McMillan, E.A., Spötl, C., Stevenson, C.T.E. and Wynn, P.M. 2016 Continental carbonate facies of a Neoproterozoic panglaciation, NE Svalbard. Sedimentology, 63, 443-497. Benn, D.I., Le Hir, G., Bao, H., Donnadieu, Y., Dumas, C., Fleming, E.J., Hambrey, M.J., McMillan, E.A., Petronis, M.S., Ramstein, G., Stevenson, C.T.E., Wynn, P.M. and Fairchild, I.J. 2015 Orbitally forced ice sheet fluctuations at the end of the Marinoan Snowball Earth glaciation Nature Geoscience. 8, 704-707. Fleming, E.J. (2014) Magnetic, Structural and Sedimentological Analysis of Glacial Sediments: Insights from Modern, Quaternary and Neoproterozoic Environments. Unpublished PhD Thesis. University of Birmingham. Available at: http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/5136/

Neotectonic Map of Spain at a scale of 1:1,000,000
The Neotectonic Map expresses those structural, morphological, stratigraphic and other features that show relatively recent movements (from the period considered neotectonic), as well as the type of stress to which the peninsula is subjected. Its objectives are to identify deformations from the Middle Miocene - Upper Miocene boundary to the present day. The materials have been classified into six categories, two for volcanic materials differentiated by age; and four for the rest of the materials, with four subdivisions according to age. It also includes tectonic structures, stress and deformation directions, diapiric structures and other related phenomena, all with age expression. The map contains information on the Spanish continental shelf.

Neotectonic Map of Spain at a scale of 1:1,000,000
The Neotectonic Map expresses those structural, morphological, stratigraphic and other features that show relatively recent movements (from the period considered neotectonic), as well as the type of stress to which the peninsula is subjected. Its objectives are to identify deformations from the Middle Miocene - Upper Miocene boundary to the present day. The materials have been classified into six categories, two for volcanic materials differentiated by age; and four for the rest of the materials, with four subdivisions according to age. It also includes tectonic structures, stress and deformation directions, diapiric structures and other related phenomena, all with age expression. The map contains information on the Spanish continental shelf. This map, of national scope, has been produced by the Geological Survey of Spain in collaboration with the National Radioactive Waste Company (ENRESA).

Nerastné suroviny SR M 1 : 500 000
Nerastné suroviny Slovenska (J. Zuberec et al., 2004), M 1 : 500 000
Súbor máp prehľadnou formou sprístupňuje informácie o distribúcii a zásobách na ložiskách a významných výskytoch nerastných surovín na území Slovenska.

Nerastné suroviny SR M 1 : 500 000: Ukladacia služba
Sieťová služba priestorových údajov poskytuje verejné rozhranie ku geopriestorovým údajom (reprezentácia nerastných surovín). Služba je postavená na štandarde OGC konzorcia (Open Geospatial Consortium) ako ukladacia (WFS) služba, štandardoch definovaných W3C konzorciom ako služba so SOAP rozhraním a proprietárnom architektonickom štýle fy ESRI - ArcGis mapová služba s REST rozhraním. Údaje získané touto službou môžu byť spracované a verejnosti prezentované na úrovni vlastných aplikačných desktop a web rozhraní, ktoré dokážu spracovať služby v ktoromkoľvek z ponúkaných štandardov a technologických riešení.

Nerastné suroviny SR M 1 : 500 000: Zobrazovacia služba
Sieťová služba priestorových údajov poskytuje verejné rozhranie ku geopriestorovým údajom (reprezentácia nerastných surovín). Služba je postavená na štandarde OGC konzorcia (Open Geospatial Consortium) ako zobrazovacia (WMS) služba, štandardoch definovaných W3C konzorciom ako služba so SOAP rozhraním a proprietárnom architektonickom štýle fy ESRI - ArcGis mapová služba s REST rozhraním. Údaje získané touto službou môžu byť spracované a verejnosti prezentované na úrovni vlastných aplikačných desktop a web rozhraní, ktoré dokážu spracovať služby v ktoromkoľvek z ponúkaných štandardov a technologických riešení.

NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratories (NIGL) laboratory records (hardcopy)
The NIGL (NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratories) laboratory records comprise paper output from mass spectrometers, which is retained for 5 years from the date of analysis, and mass spectrometer loading sheets, which are retained indefinitely. NIGL is a comprehensive stable and radiogenic isotope laboratory facility that undertakes environmental, life, archaeological and earth science research, and educates and trains PhD students, in a collaborative research environment.

NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratories (NIGL) project records
NIGL (NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratories) is a comprehensive stable and radiogenic isotope laboratory facility that undertakes environmental, life, archaeological and earth science research, and educates and trains PhD students, in a collaborative research environment. This dataset contains project records undertaken by NIGL since its formation in 1987. It includes projects approved by the NERC Isotope Geoscience Facilities Steering Committee, projects with BGS, BAS and other NERC institutes, and commercial work.

NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratories (NIGL) Projects
NIGL (NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratories) is a comprehensive stable and radiogenic isotope laboratory facility that undertakes environmental, life, archaeological and earth science research, and educates and trains PhD students, in a collaborative research environment. This dataset contains a complete listing of projects undertaken by NIGL since its formation in 1987. It includes projects approved by the NERC Isotope Geoscience Facilities Steering Committee, projects with BGS, BAS and other NERC institutes, and commercial work.

NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratories (NIGL) Publications
NIGL (NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratories) is a comprehensive stable and radiogenic isotope laboratory facility that undertakes environmental, life, archaeological and earth science research, and educates and trains PhD students, in a collaborative research environment. This dataset contains a complete record of publications and scientific reports involving NIGL staff, dating from the formation of the group in 1987. The published research is not geographically restricted.

NERC Project: QICS - Quantifying and monitoring environmental impacts of geological carbon storage (2010 - 2014)
QICS (Quantifying and monitoring environmental impacts of geological carbon storage) was a program funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), with support from the Scottish Government (May 2010 - December 2014) with two objectives. Firstly, to assess if any significant environmental impact would arise, if a leak from sub-sea, deep geological storage of carbon dioxide occurred. Secondly, to test and recommend tools and strategies for monitoring for (or assuring the absence of) leakage at the sea floor and in overlying waters. This data set provides a short overview of the novel experimental procedure - a world first leakage simulation in the natural environment and describes the experimental set up, sampling strategy including both temporal and spatial details. The data set consists of a pdf containing a text based project and experimental overview, a table outlining the temporal evolution of the experiment, including site selection, set up, baseline, impact and recovery phases and a diagram outlining the spatial sampling strategy. This data set contains an overview document collated by Plymouth Marine Laboratory. This provides the context for a number of specific related QICS datasets submitted to the UKCCS data archive, covering a range of geological, chemical and ecological information. QICS project website: www.bgs.ac.uk/qics/home.html. Blackford et al., 2014. Detection and impacts of leakage from sub-seafloor deep geological carbon dioxide storage. Nature Climate Change 4, 1011-1016. DOI: 10.1038/NCLIMATE2381. Taylor et al., 2015. A novel sub-seabed CO2 release experiment informing monitoring and impact assessment for geological carbon storage. Int J Greenhouse Gas Control. DOI:10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.09.007.

Net aquifer thickness
Water saturated thickness of a groundwater body

New Forest District Council (NFDC) Bathymetric Survey HI1583, Hurst Spit, (19/09/2017 to 20/09/2017)
Geological data are held at the British Geological Survey for Maritime Coastguard Agency (MCA) Civil Hydrography Programme (CHP), Bathymetric Survey HI1583; Hurst Spit (20/09/2017 to 20/09/2017), Standard: IHO S44ed5 Order 1a. Contractor: 4D Ocean.

New Zealand peatland stable isotopes (NERC grant NE/J013595/1)
This dataset comprises raw carbon, oxygen and hydrogen stable isotope data on water (precipitation and terrestrial) and plant cellulose from Empodisma-dominated peatlands throughout New Zealand. This data has been published in two open access papers: Amesbury, M. J., Charman, D. J., Newnham, R. M., Loader, N. J., Goodrich, J. P., Royles, J., Campbell, D. I., Roland, T. P. and Gallego-Sala, A. V. 2015. Carbon stable isotopes as a palaeoclimate proxy in vascular plant dominated peatlands. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 164, 161-174. Amesbury, M. J., Charman, D. J., Newnham, R. M., Loader, N. J., Goodrich, J. P., Royles, J., Campbell, D. I., Keller, E. D., Baisden, W. T., Roland, T. P. and Gallego-Sala, A. V. 2015. Can oxygen stable isotopes be used to track precipitation moisture source in vascular plant dominated peatlands? Earth and Planetary Science Letters 430, 149-159.

newGeoSure Insurance Product version 7 2015.1
**This dataset has been superseded** The newGeoSure Insurance Product (newGIP) provides the potential insurance risk due to natural ground movement. It incorporates the combined effects of the 6 GeoSure hazards on (low-rise) buildings. This data is available as vector data, 25m gridded data or alternatively linked to a postcode database – the Derived Postcode Database. A series of GIS (Geographical Information System) maps show the most significant hazard areas. The ground movement, or subsidence, hazards included are landslides, shrink-swell clays, soluble rocks, running sands, compressible ground and collapsible deposits. The newGeoSure Insurance Product uses the individual GeoSure data layers and evaluates them using a series of processes including statistical analyses and expert elicitation techniques to create a derived product that can be used for insurance purposes such as identifying and estimating risk and susceptibility. The Derived Postcode Database (DPD) contains generalised information at a postcode level. The DPD is designed to provide a ‘summary’ value representing the combined effects of the GeoSure dataset across a postcode sector area. It is available as a GIS point dataset or a text (.txt) file format. The DPD contains a normalised hazard rating for each of the 6 GeoSure themes hazards (i.e. each GeoSure theme has been balanced against each other) and a combined unified hazard rating for each postcode in Great Britain. The combined hazard rating for each postcode is available as a standalone product. The Derived Postcode Database is available in a point data format or text file format. It is available in a range of GIS formats including ArcGIS (*.shp), ArcInfo Coverages and MapInfo (*.tab). More specialised formats may be available but may incur additional processing costs. The newGeoSure Insurance Product dataset has been created as vector data but is also available as a raster grid. This data is available in a range of GIS formats, including ArcGIS (*.shp), ArcInfo coverage’s and MapInfo (*.tab). More specialised formats may be available but may incur additional processing costs. Data for the newGIP is provided for national coverage across Great Britain. The newGeoSure Insurance Product dataset is produced for use at 1:50 000 scale providing 50 m ground resolution. This dataset has been specifically developed for the insurance of low-rise buildings. The GeoSure datasets have been developed to identify the potential hazard for low-rise buildings and those with shallow foundations of less than 2 m deep. The identification of ground instability and other geological hazards can assist regional planners; rapidly identifying areas with potential problems and aid local government offices in making development plans by helping to define land suited to different uses. Other users of these data may include developers, homeowners, solicitors, loss adjusters, the insurance industry, architects and surveyors. Version 7 released June 2015.

newGeoSure Insurance Product version 7 2015.3
**This dataset has been superseded** The newGeoSure Insurance Product (newGIP) provides the potential insurance risk due to natural ground movement. It incorporates the combined effects of the 6 GeoSure hazards on (low-rise) buildings: landslides, shrink-swell clays, soluble rocks, running sands, compressible ground and collapsible deposits. The newGIP evaluates these hazards using a series of processes including statistical analyses and expert elicitation techniques to create a derived product that can be used for insurance purposes such as identifying and estimating risk and susceptibility. The newGIP is made up of 3 components. 1. Derived Postcode Database (DPD): this dataset contains generalised information at a postcode level and it’s updated on a 6 monthly basis. The DPD is designed to provide a ‘summary’ value representing the combined effects of the GeoSure dataset across a postcode sector area. This product uses Code-Point® Open data to relate postcodes to Ordnance Survey grid references. This dataset is available in a range of GIS formats including Access (*.dbf), ArcGIS (*.shp) or MapInfo (*.tab). 2. Unified Hazards (Vector Dataset): This is a detailed vector dataset providing spatial GIS information that can be used for more specific analysis at a higher resolution (e.g. site/address specific at 1:50k resolution). This dataset also has additional attributes outlining the type and scale of the potential hazards at any one location. This dataset is updated with the release of each version of DiGMapGB-50 and is available in a range of GIS formats including ArcGIS (*.shp) or MapInfo (*.tab). 3. Unified Hazards (Gridded Dataset): This dataset consists of a raster grid derived from the vector dataset; however, due to the raster grid format, the grid only carries limited attribution. Data for the newGIP is provided for national coverage across Great Britain. The newGeoSure Insurance Product dataset is produced for use at 1:50 000 scale providing 50 m ground resolution.

newGeoSure Insurance Product version 7 2016.1
**This dataset has been superseded** The newGeoSure Insurance Product (newGIP) provides the potential insurance risk due to natural ground movement. It incorporates the combined effects of the 6 GeoSure hazards on (low-rise) buildings. This data is available as vector data, 25m gridded data or alternatively linked to a postcode database - the Derived Postcode Database. A series of GIS (Geographical Information System) maps show the most significant hazard areas. The ground movement, or subsidence, hazards included are landslides, shrink-swell clays, soluble rocks, running sands, compressible ground and collapsible deposits. The newGeoSure Insurance Product uses the individual GeoSure data layers and evaluates them using a series of processes including statistical analyses and expert elicitation techniques to create a derived product that can be used for insurance purposes such as identifying and estimating risk and susceptibility. The Derived Postcode Database (DPD) contains generalised information at a postcode level. The DPD is designed to provide a 'summary' value representing the combined effects of the GeoSure dataset across a postcode sector area. It is available as a GIS point dataset or a text (.txt) file format. The DPD contains a normalised hazard rating for each of the 6 GeoSure themes hazards (i.e. each GeoSure theme has been balanced against each other) and a combined unified hazard rating for each postcode in Great Britain. The combined hazard rating for each postcode is available as a standalone product. The Derived Postcode Database is available in a point data format or text file format. It is available in a range of GIS formats including ArcGIS (*.shp), ArcInfo Coverages and MapInfo (*.tab). More specialised formats may be available but may incur additional processing costs. The newGeoSure Insurance Product dataset has been created as vector data but is also available as a raster grid. This data is available in a range of GIS formats, including ArcGIS (*.shp), ArcInfo coverage's and MapInfo (*.tab). More specialised formats may be available but may incur additional processing costs. Data for the newGIP is provided for national coverage across Great Britain. The newGeoSure Insurance Product dataset is produced for use at 1:50 000 scale providing 50m ground resolution. This dataset has been specifically developed for the insurance of low-rise buildings. The GeoSure datasets have been developed to identify the potential hazard for low-rise buildings and those with shallow foundations of less than 2 m deep. The identification of ground instability and other geological hazards can assist regional planners; rapidly identifying areas with potential problems and aid local government offices in making development plans by helping to define land suited to different uses. Other users of these data may include developers, homeowners, solicitors, loss adjusters, the insurance industry, architects and surveyors.

**This dataset has been superseded** The newGeoSure Insurance Product (newGIP) provides the potential insurance risk due to natural ground movement at a postcode level. It incorporates the combined effects of the 6 GeoSure hazards on (low-rise) buildings: landslides, shrink-swell clays, soluble rocks, running sands, compressible ground, and collapsible deposits. The newGeoSure Insurance Product evaluates these hazards using a series of processes including statistical analyses and expert elicitation techniques to create a derived product that can be used for insurance purposes such as identifying and estimating risk and susceptibility. The newGeoSure Insurance Product is updated biannually with new releases of Ordnance Survey Code-Point® data (current version used: 2016.3) and is provided for national coverage across Great Britain (not including the Isle of Man). This product is available in a range of GIS formats including Access (*.dbf), ArcGIS (*.shp), or MapInfo (*.tab). The newGeoSure Insurance Product is produced for use at 1:50 000 scale, providing 50 m ground resolution.

**This dataset has been superseded** The newGeoSure Insurance Product (newGIP) provides the potential insurance risk due to natural ground movement at a postcode level. It incorporates the combined effects of the 6 GeoSure hazards on (low-rise) buildings: landslides, shrink-swell clays, soluble rocks, running sands, compressible ground, and collapsible deposits. The newGeoSure Insurance Product evaluates these hazards using a series of processes including statistical analyses and expert elicitation techniques to create a derived product that can be used for insurance purposes such as identifying and estimating risk and susceptibility. The newGeoSure Insurance Product is updated biannually with new releases of Ordnance Survey Code-Point® data (current version used: 2017.1) and is provided for national coverage across Great Britain (not including the Isle of Man). This product is available in a range of GIS formats including Access (*.dbf), ArcGIS (*.shp), or MapInfo (*.tab). The newGeoSure Insurance Product is produced for use at 1:50 000 scale, providing 50 m ground resolution.

**This dataset has been superseded** The newGeoSure Insurance Product (newGIP) provides the potential insurance risk due to natural ground movement. It incorporates the combined effects of the 6 GeoSure hazards on (low-rise) buildings: landslides, shrink-swell clays, soluble rocks, running sands, compressible ground and collapsible deposits. These hazards are evaluated using a series of processes including statistical analyses and expert elicitation techniques to create a derived product that can be used for insurance purposes such as identifying and estimating risk and susceptibility. The evaluated hazards are then linked to a postcode database - the Derived Postcode Database (DPD), which is updated biannually with new releases of Ordnance Survey Code-Point® data (current version used: 2017.3). The newGIP is provided for national coverage across Great Britain (not including the Isle of Man). This product is available in a range of GIS formats including Access (*.dbf), ArcGIS (*.shp) or MapInfo (*.tab). The newGIP is produced for use at 1:50 000 scale providing 50 m ground resolution.

**This dataset has been superseded** The newGeoSure Insurance Product (newGIP) provides the potential insurance risk due to natural ground movement. It incorporates the combined effects of the 6 GeoSure hazards on (low-rise) buildings: landslides, shrink-swell clays, soluble rocks, running sands, compressible ground and collapsible deposits. These hazards are evaluated using a series of processes including statistical analyses and expert elicitation techniques to create a derived product that can be used for insurance purposes such as identifying and estimating risk and susceptibility. The evaluated hazards are then linked to a postcode database - the Derived Postcode Database (DPD), which is updated biannually with new releases of Ordnance Survey Code-Point® data (current version used: 2018.1). The newGIP is provided for national coverage across Great Britain (not including the Isle of Man). This product is available in a range of GIS formats including Access (*.dbf), ArcGIS (*.shp) or MapInfo (*.tab). The newGIP is produced for use at 1:50 000 scale providing 50 m ground resolution.

**This dataset has been superseded** The newGeoSure Insurance Product (newGIP) provides the potential insurance risk due to natural ground movement. It incorporates the combined effects of the 6 GeoSure hazards on (low-rise) buildings: landslides, shrink-swell clays, soluble rocks, running sands, compressible ground and collapsible deposits. These hazards are evaluated using a series of processes including statistical analyses and expert elicitation techniques to create a derived product that can be used for insurance purposes such as identifying and estimating risk and susceptibility. The evaluated hazards are then linked to a postcode database - the Derived Postcode Database (DPD), which is updated biannually with new releases of Ordnance Survey Code-Point® data (current version used: 2018.3). The newGIP is provided for national coverage across Great Britain (not including the Isle of Man). This product is available in a range of GIS formats including Access (*.dbf), ArcGIS (*.shp) or MapInfo (*.tab). The newGIP is produced for use at 1:50 000 scale providing 50 m ground resolution.

**This dataset has been superseded** The newGeoSure Insurance Product (newGIP) provides the potential insurance risk due to natural ground movement. It incorporates the combined effects of the 6 GeoSure hazards on (low-rise) buildings: landslides, shrink-swell clays, soluble rocks, running sands, compressible ground and collapsible deposits. These hazards are evaluated using a series of processes including statistical analyses and expert elicitation techniques to create a derived product that can be used for insurance purposes such as identifying and estimating risk and susceptibility. The evaluated hazards are then linked to a postcode database - the Derived Postcode Database (DPD), which is updated biannually with new releases of Ordnance Survey Code-Point® data (current version used: 2022.1). The newGIP is provided for national coverage across Great Britain (not including the Isle of Man). This product is available in a range of GIS formats including Access (*.dbf), ArcGIS (*.shp) or MapInfo (*.tab) on request. The newGIP is produced for use at 1:50 000 scale providing 50 m ground resolution.

newGeosure Insurance Product version 8 2022.3
**This dataset has been superseded** The newGeoSure Insurance Product (newGIP) provides the potential insurance risk due to natural ground movement. It incorporates the combined effects of the 6 GeoSure hazards on (low-rise) buildings: landslides, shrink-swell clays, soluble rocks, running sands, compressible ground and collapsible deposits. These hazards are evaluated using a series of processes including statistical analyses and expert elicitation techniques to create a derived product that can be used for insurance purposes such as identifying and estimating risk and susceptibility. The evaluated hazards are then linked to a postcode database - the Derived Postcode Database (DPD), which is updated biannually with new releases of Ordnance Survey Code-Point® data (current version used: 2022.3). The newGIP is provided for national coverage across Great Britain (not including the Isle of Man). This product is available in a range of GIS formats including Access (*.dbf), ArcGIS (*.shp) or MapInfo (*.tab) on request. The newGIP is produced for use at 1:50 000 scale providing 50 m ground resolution.

newGeosure Insurance Product version 8 2023.1
**This dataset has been superseded** The newGeoSure Insurance Product (newGIP) provides the potential insurance risk due to natural ground movement. It incorporates the combined effects of the 6 GeoSure hazards on (low-rise) buildings: landslides, shrink-swell clays, soluble rocks, running sands, compressible ground, and collapsible deposits. These hazards are evaluated using a series of processes including statistical analyses and expert elicitation techniques to create a derived product that can be used for insurance purposes such as identifying and estimating risk and susceptibility. The evaluated hazards are then linked to a postcode database - the Derived Postcode Database (DPD), which is updated biannually with new releases of Ordnance Survey Code-Point® data (current version used: 2023.1). The newGIP is provided for national coverage across Great Britain (not including the Isle of Man). This product is available in a range of GIS formats including Access (*.dbf), ArcGIS (*.shp) or MapInfo (*.tab) on request. The newGIP is produced for use at 1:50 000 scale providing 50 m ground resolution.

newGeosure Insurance Product version 8 2023.3
The newGeoSure Insurance Product (newGIP) provides the potential insurance risk due to natural ground movement. It incorporates the combined effects of the 6 GeoSure hazards on (low-rise) buildings: landslides, shrink-swell clays, soluble rocks, running sands, compressible ground, and collapsible deposits. These hazards are evaluated using a series of processes including statistical analyses and expert elicitation techniques to create a derived product that can be used for insurance purposes such as identifying and estimating risk and susceptibility. The evaluated hazards are then linked to a postcode database - the Derived Postcode Database (DPD), which is updated biannually with new releases of Ordnance Survey Code-Point® data (current version used: 2023.1). The newGIP is provided for national coverage across Great Britain (not including the Isle of Man). This product is available in a range of GIS formats including Access (*.dbf), ArcGIS (*.shp) or MapInfo (*.tab) on request. The newGIP is produced for use at 1:50 000 scale providing 50 m ground resolution.

NGU Bedrock and Superficial Geology in Norway 1:1 Mill
NGU Superficial geology - OneGeology-Europe WP3. Mapscale 1:1 M. This service shows surface geology, structures and bedrock defined by rock types and ages. The areas of bedrock are also assigned to tectonic units. The map has been compiled using data acquired during several mapping campaigns carried out over decades, which was archived in digital format, published or prepared in manuscript form between 1989 and 2001. Due to variations in the quality of information gathered and the different scales used in different mapping campaigns, the level of accuracy in the underlying national database is variable. The database is designed for presentation at the 1:1M scale.

NGU Bedrock and Superficial Geology of Norway for 1G-E project
The dataset incorporates the main features of the bedrock geology in Norway. Areas of bedrock are classified according to rock type and age. Dyke swarms, tectonic structures, impact sites, and basalts are also shown. The areas of bedrock are also assigned to tectonic units. The map has been compiled using data acquired during several mapping campaigns carried out over decades and therefore the level of accuracy is variable.

NGU Geohazards - Radon susceptibility in parts of Norway
NGU Radon awareness. The sources used to create the radon susceptibility web service are 4 printed maps of the Oslo region at a scale of 1:100 000 available on the WMS service.

NGU Geohazards - Radon susceptibility in parts of Norway
The Geological Survey of Norway (NGU) and Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority (NRPA) launched the Radon Susceptibilities Map series in 2006. These maps provide local authorities with important information on the spatial distribution of potential radon hazards, and can be used for determining the priorities for radon measurements in existing dwellings and for evaluating the risks from radon involved in development of new areas.
The sources for the radon susceptibility web service are 4 printed maps of the Oslo region at a scale of 1:100 000 available on the NGU website (www.ngu.no).

NGU Geohazards - Rockfall susceptability in Norway
Map showing Trigger areas - areas where a rockfall may occur, and Runout areas - areas that are affected by a rockfall when a rocfall occurs. The maps have been compiled using a computer model that recognizes the possible source areas/trigger areas in which a rockfall could occur. The criteria used for recognition are the slope of the mountain side and relevant geological information. For each source area/trigger area the runout area of the potential rockfall is calculated automatically using a DEM in combination with the relevant geological information. No field survey has been carried out for the preparation of these maps.

NGU Geohazards - Rockfall susceptibility in Norway
NGU Geohazards - Rockfall susceptibility in Norway, online. The Rockfall susceptibility dataset shows the potential source areas/trigger areas and runout areas of potential rockfalls. Trigger area - area where the rockfall may occur. Runout area - area which is affected by a rockfall when a rockfall occurs.

NGU Superficial deposits in Norway - best of
Superficial deposits in Norway in various mapscales - best of.
The Superficial Deposits of Norway (best of) is a database giving full coverage of the superficial deposits throughout Norway. High resolution data at scales of 1:20 000 to 1:50 000 exists for only about 30% of the country, mostly in areas where superficial deposits are of significant economic importance. The deposits are classified according to their genesis and thickness.

NGU Superficial Deposits of Norway - best of
The Superficial Deposits of Norway (best of) is a database giving full coverage of the superficial deposits throughout Norway. High resolution data at scales of 1:20 000 to 1:50 000 exists for only about 30% of the country, mostly in areas where superficial deposits are of significant economic importance. The deposits are classified according to their genesis and thickness. For most of the data collated at a scale greater than 1:250 000 derived information such as groundwater potential and infiltration capacity have been added as attributes.

Nickel isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Nickel (Ni), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Niobium CBA favourability map of Europe
Cell based associations (CBA) prospectivity map for niobium in Europe.

Niobium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Niobium (Nb), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Niobium metallogenic map of Europe
Overview map showing the approximate extent of the key Niobium metallogenic areas in Europe.

Nirex 3-D Modelling Data.
During the interpretation of the geological structure of the Sellafield site, a series of 3-D models were created using EarthVision and Vulcan software. These models have been imported into the computer systems operated by British Geological Survey. Geological investigations of the Sellafield and Dounreay areas were undertaken between 1989 and 1997 as part of its programme to determine whether one of the areas might be a suitable location of a deep repository for the disposal of radioactive waste. The Nirex (Nuclear Industry Radioactive Waste Executive) Geological Archive was deposited with BGS in 2000 and BGS have undertaken to retain the records for a minimum of 50 years as part of its national geological archive. The archive has been moved to permanent storage locations and normal BGS arrangements will apply for non-commercial (academic) access to the material. The ownership of NIREX (Nuclear Industry Radioactive Waste Executive) was transferred from the nuclear industry to the UK Government departments DEFRA and DTI in April 2005, and then to the UK's Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) in November 2006.

Nirex Analogue (Paper) Records
The paper archives comprise a set of the factual and interpretative reports that document the investigations carried out by Nirex (Nuclear Industry Radioactive Waste Executive) and its contractors. In total there are in excess of 2,250 individual volumes. It is the availability of this paper archive of results and interpretation that makes the Nirex geological archives of rock cores and samples unique. The ownership of NIREX (Nuclear Industry Radioactive Waste Executive) was transferred from the nuclear industry to the UK Government departments DEFRA and DTI in April 2005, and then to the UK's Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) in November 2006.

Nirex Digital Geoscience Database (NDGD)
The Nirex Digital Geoscience Database (NDGD) holds extensive sets of data describing geoscientific, geographical, hydrogeological and logistical aspects of the Sellafield area in western Cumbria region. Some datasets comprise unmodified field data (as collected, measured or observed in the field). Others include values assessed during laboratory analysis or testing. Derived or interpolated information, resulting from modelling activity or the integration of several datasets, also accounts for a significant portion of the NDGD holding. The data consists of mainly borehole derived information including Borehole location and survey information, Sample location information, Logistics, Geological, geophysical (including borehole geophysical logs) and geotechnical borehole Geology datasets and Hydrological, hydrogeological and hydrochemical borehole datasets (though information from the down-hole monitoring strings and most groundwater related information is not held in the NDGD). The NDGD holds all of the raw and processed digital data arising from the Nirex (Nuclear Industry Radioactive Waste Executive) Sellafield Geological investigations boreholes drilled during their investigation programme into the suitability of Sellafield as a site for the disposal of intermediate and long-lived low level radioactive waste between 1989 and 1997. The ownership of Nirex (Nuclear Industry Radioactive Waste Executive) was transferred from the nuclear industry to the UK Government departments DEFRA and DTI in April 2005, and then to the UK's Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) in November 2006.

Nirex Magnetic Tape Archives - Processed Data
A significant part of this data collection is geophysical survey data in digital form being derived data created during the subsequent processing and interpretation of the field data described in 'Nirex Magnetic Tape Archives - Raw Data'. These data were originally stored on a variety of media. With the overall aim of delivering an efficient and effective archive service, the data have been consolidated onto DLT cartridges. Some related data, which were either analogue, on obscure media or in unknown formats have been retained in their original form. British Geological Survey maintains a full catalogue of the data, as an Access database. The data sets that comprise the magnetic archive are the following: Seismic surveys: demultiplexed and processed data; Geophysical wireline logging of boreholes: wireline derived data including synthetic seismograms; cross-hole tomography. The ownership of NIREX (Nuclear Industry Radioactive Waste Executive) was transferred from the nuclear industry to the UK Government departments DEFRA and DTI in April 2005, and then to the UK's Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) in November 2006.

Nirex Magnetic Tape Archives - Raw Data
A significant part of this data collection is geophysical survey data in digital form, being mainly instrumental recordings made during fieldwork. Derived data created during the subsequent processing and interpretation of the field data is described in 'Nirex Magnetic Tape Archives - Processed Data'. These data were originally stored on a variety of media. With the overall aim of delivering an efficient and effective archive service, the data have been consolidated onto DLT cartridges. Some related data, which were either analogue, on obscure media or in unknown formats have been retained in their original form. British Geological Survey maintains a full catalogue of the data, as an Access database.The data sets that comprise the magnetic archive are the following: Seismic surveys: marine, land and transition zone; field, navigation, statiatcs; Geophysical wireline logging of boreholes: routine wireline logging of investigation boreholes (gamma-ray, sonic, porosity, etc.); velocity surveys; dipmeter surveys;vertical seismic profiling; borehole televiewer (BHTV) surveys; formation microscanner (FMS) surveys; Ground surveys: magnetic; gravity; radiometric; thermal imaging; photographic imaging; in-flight videos. The ownership of NIREX (Nuclear Industry Radioactive Waste Executive) was transferred from the nuclear industry to the UK Government departments DEFRA and DTI in April 2005, and then to the UK's Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) in November 2006.

Nirex Petrological Samples And Records.
As an integral part of the investigations carried out at Sellafield, and to a lesser extent for the Dounreay boreholes, the cores from the boreholes were systematically examined by geologists and samples selected for detailed petrographic analysis. Thin sections were prepared from many of these samples. Some of the samples were then prepared for analysis using X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction or scanning electron microscopy. Samples containing fluid inclusions were prepared as doubly polished fluid inclusion wafers. Thin sections were prepared from soil materials obtained from the investigations of the Quaternary deposits. Particular attention was given to samples of the mineralisation that was identified in the formations at Sellafield. In addition to the samples from the boreholes, there are also some samples obtained from surface exposures that were examined during the regional surveys. The samples and sections have been catalogued and incorporated into the national collection by the British Geological Survey. The ownership of NIREX (Nuclear Industry Radioactive Waste Executive) was transferred from the nuclear industry to the UK Government departments DEFRA and DTI in April 2005, and then to the UK's Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) in November 2006.

Nirex reference drawings
A collection of reference drawings relating to investigations carried out by Nirex, during the period from 1989 to 1997. The drawings summarise the status of the geological investigation at Sellafield and include borehole locations, geology (surface, structure, sections etc) and geophysics (seismic, airborne, etc). Sites near Sellafield, in Cumbria, and Dounreay, in Caithness. The Nirex (Nuclear Industry Radioactive Waste Executive) geological archive was transferred to the British Geological Survey during 2000/2001. The BGS has undertaken to retain the records for a minimum of 50 years as part of its national geological archive. The ownership of Nirex was transferred from the nuclear industry to the UK Government departments DEFRA and DTI in April 2005, and then to the UK's Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) in November 2006.

Nirex Rock Cores And Core Samples From Deep Boreholes.
During the period from 1989 to 1997, Nirex undertook extensive geological investigations at sites near Sellafield, in Cumbria, and Dounreay, in Caithness, to examine whether or not they were suitable locations for a deep repository for radioactive waste. At Sellafield, thirty deep boreholes, and a further thirty-five shallow boreholes, were drilled. The majority of the deep boreholes were drilled to obtain continuous core and some 18.7km of rock core arose from the investigations. Two deep boreholes were drilled at Dounreay, totalling 2,286 metres of drilling. Again, much of the drilling was to obtain continuous core. In most of the boreholes a suite of data acquisition techniques were used, including: continuous coring, geophysical wireline logging, hydraulic testing, sampling and analysis of groundwaters. Mineralogical data were acquired by detailed core observation, petrographic analysis, fluid inclusion analysis and stable and radiogenic isotope studies. Testing on samples from the rock cores was undertaken to determine petrological, mineralogical, hydrogeological, geophysical and geotechnical parameters. The ownership of NIREX (Nuclear Industry Radioactive Waste Executive) was transferred from the nuclear industry to the UK Government departments DEFRA and DTI in April 2005, and then to the UK's Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) in November 2006.

Nitrogen fixation rates and isotopic measurements of aqueous nitrite and nitrate from spark discharge experiments (NERC Grant NE/V010824/1)
Concentrations of gaseous and aqueous fixed nitrogen products and isotopic measurements of aqueous nitrite and nitrate in spark discharge experiments. Spark experiments were conducted at the University of St Andrews in the St Andrews Isotope Geochemistry Lab (StAIG) between November 2020 and February 2022. Analysis of gaseous products was carried out with a quadrupole mass spectrometer (Hiden Analytical ExQ Quantitative Gas Analyser) in St Andrews. Measurement of concentrations of aqueous nitrite and nitrate and their isotopic composition were carried out for one part of the samples in St Andrews and for the other part at Brown University, Rhode Island, USA. The data was collected to investigate the efficiency of nitrogen fixation by lightning in different gas compositions, resembling the atmospheres of modern and early Earth. The isotope data was used to determine the role of lightning in the delivery of nutrients to the earliest ecosystems on Earth by comparing our results to measurements of sedimentary rock samples from the Archean. The experimental set up was built by Patrick Barth and Eva E. Stüeken, the experiments were conducted by Patrick Barth, Lukas Rossmanith, and Yuqian Peng, the analysis conducted by Patrick Barth, Lukas Rossmanith, Yuqian Peng, and Wendell Walters with support from Mark Claire, and the data was analysed by Patrick Barth, Eva E. Stüeken, Christiane Helling, and Wendell Walters. This dataset includes all data that is reliable and was used in the accompanying publication.

Nitrogen geochemistry of igneous units from Loch Doon, Scotland (NERC Grant NE/P012167/1)
This dataset contains the nitrogen, oxygen, and lithophile element geochemistry of whole rock, and distribution coefficients, and stable isotope fractionation factors for biotite, orthoclase, and plagioclase mineral separates from the Loch Doon Zoned Pluton, Scotland. The samples were collected from the northern limb of the Loch Doon pluton and are petrologically classified as are granodiorites and granites which show geochemical evidence for being a cogenetic zoned pluton. The data were collected over a time period of 2019-2022. These data were collected to investigate elemental partitioning and stable isotope fractionation of nitrogen between biotite, plagioclase, and orthoclase relative to each other and to the system (whole rock) during magmatic differentiation. This project was curiosity-driven science, and the anticipated interest groups are assumed to be the wider research community via scholarship and analytical protocols. These data were collected by an international team of scientists as part of Dr Toby Boocock’s PhD project. The full list of contributors are shown below: Boocock, TJ., Stüeken, ES., König, R., Mikhail, S, The University of St Andrews, UK (performed analysis, acquired samples, interpreted data) Bybee, GM, The University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa (performed analysis) Boyce, AJ, Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, UK (performed analysis) Prytulak, J, Durham University, UK (interpreted data) Buisman, I, University of Cambridge, UK (performed analysis)

NLS3D - Desicion support map - barrier fresh-/saltwater
This layer is a decision support map. Based on harmonized NLS3D model. Gaps following directly the national border may show areas, where a harmonization was not feasible.

NLS3D - harmonized cenozoic thickness maps along the national border between Lower Saxony and the Netherlands.
Harmonized thickness maps of 3 cenozoic units derived from NLS3D (harmonized geological 3D model of deeper underground) along the borderregion between Lower Saxony (DE) and the Netherlands (NL). Gaps following directly the national border may show areas were a harmonization was not feasible.

Noble gas and clumped methane data for samples from Anyue gas field, China (NERC Grant NE/T004452/1)
This dataset contains 6 tables covering all analytical data for samples collected from the Anyue gas field, central Sichuan Basin, China. Table 1 includes major gas species and stable carbon and hydrogen isotopes. Table 2 includes results for methane clumped isotopes and calculated methane formation temperatures of gas samples. Table 3 includes noble gas concentrations. Table 4 includes noble gas isotopic ratios. Table 5 includes parameters used in methane emission model and calculating total volume of methane emission. Table 6 includes gas composition and stable carbon and hydrogen isotope characteristics of major gases produced in the pyrolysis experiments (thermally equilibrated methane between 400~500 in theory) and working reference gas, and their methane clumped isotope values.

Noble gas solubility data for phlogopite (NERC grant NE/J013072/1)
This dataset consists of a spreadsheet of data and a series of photographs. A set of natural phlogopite crystals were exposed to varying partial pressures of a He-Ne-Ar gas mixture at 930-1030°C for 20-161 hours to investigate the solubility of these gases in phlogopite. The experiments and analyses were carried out in 2013 and 2014. The experiments were carried out in piston cylinder apparatus at Brown University, USA by Dr Colin Jackson and the gas concentrations measured at the Open University, UK, by Dr Clare Warren. The NERC grant is NE/J013072/1.

Norham Westmains Farm borehole samples (NERC grant NE/J021091/1)
Database of samples taken from the Norham Westmains Farm borehole for isotope, thin section, palynology and fossil analysis. Westmains Farm, Norham, Berwick-upon-Tweed NT 91589 48135. BGS borehole ID NT94NW20.

Normal background concentrations of contaminants (OGC WxS INSPIRE)
The BGS has been commissioned by Defra to provide guidance on what are 'normal' levels of contaminant concentrations in English soils in support of the revision of the Part 2A Contaminated Land Statutory Guidance. The domain polygons and other data produced by this work are served as WMS here.

North Pacific radiocarbon and trace element data (NERC grant NE/I013377/1)
Analysed trace element data and radiocarbon data from five existing marine sediment cores from the NE Pacific margin (45-50N) that intersects the major water masses of the N Pacific, from a depth transect (700-3300m)

North Sea Interactive: a decision:-support tool to guide environmental monitoring by the oil and gas industry
The North Sea Interactive (NSI) project was an 8-month NERC funded project led by Heriot-Watt University, in collaboration with the BGS and NOC. The aim of the project was to develop a new decision-support tool that would translate existing marine environmental data into an interactive mapping product for the offshore oil and gas industry. The objectives of the project were achieved through the integration of the North Sea Benthos database (UKBenthos) with NERC's regional North Sea marine sediment data (BGS) and layers of modelled hydrodynamics (NOC). Aligning the biological, chemical, geological and hydrodynamic datasets in a single GIS product provides the oil industry and government regulators with a practical means of accessing this important archive of environmental data. The North Sea Benthos database (UKBenthos) was developed by Heriot-Watt University on behalf of UKOOA (now Oil and Gas UK) in the 1980s. Alongside macrobenthos, the database includes sediment properties, concentrations of aromatic compounds, total oil and metals. It currently includes data from 1975 to 2011 from 237 platforms and is continually being updated as new survey results are received by Oil and Gas UK.

Northern Peru Regional Geochemical Exploration Survey.
During the period 1967 to 1971 a team of geoscientists carried out a programme of regional geological mapping in parts of Peru and a low-density regional geochemical exploration survey of the Western Cordillera of northern Peru. The work was funded by the UK Overseas Development Administration (ODA - now the Department for International Development, DfID) in collaboration with the Servicio de Geologia y Mineria (SGM), Lima, Peru (now INGEMMET). The geochemical exploration project was managed by a BGS geologist/ geochemist and supported by counterpart staff from the SGM. Locational and analytical data, maps and interpretative unpublished reports were deposited at the SGM in Lima in 1971. The geochemical data are a long term asset and continued interest in the results, particularly in recent years, has required that the data be made more readily available in a digital format. Some 1345 sites were sampled and stream sediments were analysed for Cu, Pb, Zn, (Co), Ag, Mo, (As), and (V). Raw data can be obtained from INGEMMET, AV Canada, 1470, San Borja, Lima, PERU. The sample location data have been digitised from a sample site map, as the original field sample cards and the port-a-punch cards were not retrievable in 1998/99. The sample site map was a paper copy - so, although the UTM co-ordinates for locations are given to the nearest metre, the true location of the original sample sites may vary by as much as 500 m, or in some cases even more. GENP 1967-71 was a low-density regional exploration survey based on the collection of some 1260 samples at key sites within the 25,000 km2 project area - a density of approximately 1 sample per 20 km2. Data cleaned for absent and below detection limit values.

Norwegian Minerals4EU INSPIRE Download Services (WFS 2.0) - M4EU Harmonized
WFS 2.0 Service for the INSPIRE Mineral Resources theme. INSPIRE harmonized for Minerals4EU project - M4EU Harmonized. WFS service provides access to basic information about mineral resources and mineral occurrences in Norway.

Nottingham's Caves - Archival Material For Digital Register.
Paper records and photos used to create the Nottingham Caves digital register and maps. Includes archival material of the caves known to BGS, around northern and central Nottingham. Data mainly captured in 1989, infrequent since then approximately 1 per year.

Nottingham's Caves Database
GIS Data Layer and Database including maps and detailed Indexes. Paper records and photographs, descriptive register is paper version from which the digital version was created. Data mainly captured in 1989, infrequent additions (approximately 1 entry per year) since then. Includes all man-made caves known to BGS in Nottingham, but there are many more to be located in the future.

Nottingham's Caves Report - Descriptive Register With Detailed Indexes.
Descriptive register with detailed indexes of the Nottingham man-made caves. Data mainly captured 1989, infrequent additions (approximately 1 per year) since then

Nuclei and nucleoli in embryo-like fossils from the Ediacaran Weng'an Biota (NERC grant NE/J018325/1)
This dataset contains three dimensional synchrotron x-ray tomographic (SRXTM) datasets and analyses of nuclei and nucleoli in embryo-like fossils from the Ediacaran Weng'an Biota. The data accompanies the following paper: Yin Z, Cunningham JA, Vargas K, Bengtson S, Zhu M, Donoghue PCJ. 2017. Nuclei and nucleoli in embryo-like fossils from the Ediacaran Weng'an Biota. Precambrian Research. DOI: 10.1016/j.precamres.2017.08.009 Each .7z archive zip file contains the data relating to a single specimen.

Numerical calculations of compacting flow past spheres and circular cylinders (NERC grant NE/I023929/1)
This data contains the results of numerical simulations described in the following two papers: Alisic L., Rhebergen S., Rudge J.F., Katz R.F., Wells G.N. Torsion of a cylinder of partially molten rock with a spherical inclusion: theory and simulation (2016) Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.16 doi:10.1002/2015GC006061 Alisic L., Rudge J.F., Katz R.F., Wells G.N., Rhebergen S. Compaction around a rigid, circular inclusion in partially molten rock (2014) J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 119:5903-5920 doi:10.1002/2013JB010906

Numerical modelling of fracture intensity increase due to interacting blast waves in three-dimensional granitic rocks
This work presents a detailed three-dimensional finite element based model for wave propagation, combined with a postprocessing procedure to determine the fracture intensity caused by blasting. The data generated during this project includes output files of all simulations with detailed fields, geometries and meshes. The model incorporates the Johnson-Holmquist-2 constitutive model, which is designed for brittle materials undergoing high strain rates and high pressures and fracturing, and a tensile failure model. Material heterogeneity is introduced into the model through variation of the material properties at the element level, ensuring jumps in strain. The algorithm for the combined Johnson-Holmquist-2 and tensile failure model is presented and is demonstrated to be energy-conserving, with an open-source MATLABTM implementation of the model. A range of sub-scale numerical experiments are performed to validate the modelling and postprocessing procedures, and a range of materials, explosive waves and geometries are considered to demonstrate the model's predictive capability quantitatively and qualitatively for fracture intensity. Fracture intensities on 2D planes and 3D volumes are presented. The mesh dependence of the method is explored, demonstrating that mesh density changes maintain similar results and improve with increasing mesh quality. Damage patterns in simulations are self-organising, forming thin, planar, fracture-like structures that closely match the observed fractures in the experiments. The presented model is an advancement in realism for continuum modelling of blasts as it enables fully three-dimensional wave interaction, handles damage due to both compression and tension, and relies only on measurable material properties. The uploaded data are the specific simulation outputs for four explosion models occurring on two different rock types, and the specific fracture patterns generated.

O - Overlying layer factor
This layer considers the nature and thickness of soils, subsoils, unsaturated zone confinement. The lowest values correspond to areas of karst aquifer with no overlying subsoil and the water table is at or near the surface. The highest values are for non karst rocks overlain by thick impermeable subsoils with a deep water table. The biggest influencing factor here was the presence and thickness of clay subsoil

O map
O map in Slovenia represents one layer of vulnerability map COP in Slovenia that has been applied on the area covered by karstic rocks. The map is constituated from soil type classification, soil thickness, lithology and fracturation index and thickness of unsaturated zones. Vulnerability classes are: 1 Very High, 2 High, 2-4 Moderate, 4-8 Low, 8-15 Very low.

Observed hydraulic conductivity
Hydraulic conductivity measures how easily a fluid can move through the voids in a material

Observed specific yield
Extracted water volume per hour and meter drawdown for a defined well diameter.

Obszary dna morskiego - rodzaj osadów
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia rodzaje osadów powierzchniowych dna morskiego w obrębie polskich obszarów morskich. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Sea Regions – Sea Bed Area.

Occurrence data for British fossil fishes and associated R code (NERC grant NE/I005536/1)
Occurrence data for fossil fishes in British record and associated R code. From: Lloyd, G. T., & Friedman, M. (2013). A survey of palaeontological sampling biases in fishes based on the Phanerozoic record of Great Britain. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 372, 5-17.

Ocean acidification and the Permo-Triassic mass extinction, Ediacaran metazoan reefs from the Nama Group, Namibia. Papers and associated data (NERC Grant NE/I005935/1)
Data and associated papers. Ocean acidification and the Permo-Triassic mass extinction. Ediacaran metazoan reefs from the Nama Group, Namibia. NERC Grant Re-inventing the planet: The Neoproterozoic revolution in oxygenation, biogeochemistry and biological complexity.

Ocean Island Basalt olivine compositions and thin section maps (NERC grant NE/J021539/1)
High precision electron-probe analysis of olivine compositions from a set of ocean island basalts. Accompanied by thin section scans and QEMSCAN (Quantitative Evaluation of Minerals by SCANning) compositional maps.

Ocean island olivine and spinel major element compositions (NERC Grant NE/T012455/1)
The dataset consists of elemental compositions determined for olivine and spinel from 13 ocean islands, including Azores, Balleny, Cook-Austral, Crozet, Cape Verde, Fernando de Noronha, Galapagos, Juan Fernandez, Marquesas, Society, Tristan-Gough, Tahiti, and Trindade). These samples were loaned from Sedgwick Museum, University of Cambridge and National History Museum, London, except the Galapagos samples provided by D. Geist. Elemental compositions determined for three secondary standards (San Carlos olivine, MongOl olivine, and NHNM164905 augite) are also included in the dataset. The data were acquired using a Cameca SX100 electron microscope at the Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, in June, July, August and November 2021. The elements analysed include Mg, Si, Fe, Al, Ca, P, Cr, Mn, and Ni in olivine, and Mg, Si, Fe, Al, Ca, Cr, Mn, and Ti in spinel. Data acquired from each analysis were saved in four txt files, which are for oxide concentrations, elemental concentrations, standard deviation, and detection limit, respectively. The data for ocean island samples were used to calculate olivine crystallisation temperature and mantle potential temperature based on an aluminium-in-olivine thermometer and modelling of mantle melting. All data collected within the project duration are in this dataset.

ODP Expedition 375 Hole 1520C Cretaceous Foraminifer Assemblage Count (NERC grant NE/S008853/1)
Excel file containing abundance data of planktonic foraminifer from IODP Expedition 375 Hole 1520C (41R-44R)

Odwierty
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia odwierty na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology – Boreholes.

Odwierty na potrzeby szczelinowania hydraulicznego
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia odwierty na potrzeby szczelinowania hydraulicznego na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology – Boreholes.

Offshore Annotated Hydrocarbon Wells
Scanned images of well logs for oil and gas exploration and appraisal wells drilled on the UK Continental Shelf and held on behalf of the Oil & Gas Authority (formerly the Department of Energy and Climate Change).

Oil and Gas Deposits
GeoMol Pilot Area Upper Austria - Upper Bavaria: Map of oil and gas deposits (active and inactive/depleted), lateral extension at the oil/gas-water interface. Map derived from the information provided by the regulatory agency projected into the 3D geological model as prepared in the GeoMol Project. Details in the Project Report http://www.geomol.eu/report/

Oilfield in a box: The Hutton Field Dataset
This data includes all of the information provided to the BGS (British Geological Survey) through the National Hydrocarbon Data Archive for the Hutton Field. It includes: Production data and a 3D seismic survey in addition to borehole records from 65 wells across the Hutton Field.

Onshore Borehole Collection.
Collection of drillcore, bulk samples, unwashed cuttings and processed material from onshore boreholes drilled in the UK by BGS, commercial and public bodies. Developed as part of the BGS responsibility to establish and maintain a National Borehole collection. Details of the collection are held on the 'Borehole Materials Database', and may be accessed over the internet from the BGS internet site.

Onshore Hydrocarbon Wells data
Data from onshore wells provided to BGS as part of an agreement with NSTA/OGA/DECC Digital data (includes, well logs, well reports and downhole data) for oil and gas exploration and appraisal wells drilled in the UK and held on behalf of the North Sea Transitory Authority (formerly the Oil & Gas Authority, formerly the Department of Energy and Climate Change). External data therefore BGS has no control on quality. Provided to OGA/DECC/BGS by oil companies as part of their obligations under licensing regulations, PON 9b regulations notice.

Open-loop Ground Source Heat Pump viability screening map, England and Wales (OGC WxS INSPIRE)
The British Geological Survey (BGS) in collaboration with the Environment Agency (EA) has developed a web-based tool that provides an indication of whether suitable conditions exist in a given area for Open-loop Ground Source Heat Pumps (GSHP). The tool is developed within a GIS and maps the potential for open-loop GSHP installations (heating/cooling output >100kW) in England and Wales at the 1:250,000 scale. Data layers from this tool are available to view in this service. The data in this service is available to access for free on the basis it is only used for your personal, teaching, and research purposes provided all are non-commercial in nature as described on Where commercial use is required, licences are available from the British Geological Survey (BGS). Your use of any information provided by the BGS is at your own risk. BGS gives no warranty, condition or representation as to the quality, accuracy or completeness of the information or its suitability for any use or purpose. All implied conditions relating to the quality or suitability of the information, and all liabilities arising from the supply of the information (including any liability arising in negligence) are excluded to the fullest extent permitted by law.

Opencast Coal Data
Primary Geological Data resulting from Open Cast Coal exploration. Collection of data includes reports, interpretations and records of research in British coalfield areas deposited by British Coal. Data for past and current collieries and for future prospects. The majority of the collection was deposited with the National Geological Records Centre by the Coal Authority in July 2001. The collection includes borehole site plans, borehole logs , analyses and geophysical data etc. BGS holdings of opencast data are to be integrated with these collections. New data from coal companies will be added as it is received.

Opencast coal records: Scotland and Northern England.
The collection consists of borehole drill logs, site plans, borehole location plans, geological plans and completion plans for opencast coal sites in Scotland and Northern England. It includes records deposited by the Directorate of Opencast Coal Production (DOCP) and its successors, National Coal Board (NCB), British Coal and numerous private and licensed opencast mine. The NCB Scottish Area records are arranged by the NCB opencast site number. Many records of cored 'diamond' boreholes are held in the BGS Scottish Borehole Journal records. Northern England opencast records are mainly held with the ex-Newcastle Borehole Records. Copies of completion plans for Scotland are also held in the Coal Mine Abandonment Plan collection available on microfilm aperture cards. Opencast sites are indexed in the Land Survey Record Index (LSRI) database. The cored 'diamond' boreholes are indexed on Single Onshore Borehole Index (SOBI).

Opencast Coal Site Maps
Primary Geological Data resulting from Open Cast Coal exploration in British coalfield areas. Maps showing the site outlines of opencast coal prospecting sites annotated with site reference number. Sites date back to the 1940s. Outlines drawn on 1:25000 scale topographic bases. The majority of the collection was deposited with the National Geological Records Centre by the Coal Authority in July 2001.

Optical microscopy photomicrographs taken of thin sections of samples from the Warton slag bank in northwest England (2022-2023) (NERC Grant NE/X009718/1)
This dataset contains photographs from an optical microscope by transmitted light and reflected light. The data was collected in 2022-2023. The data was collected for the purpose of visualising spatial textures and microstructures in the collected samples. The data was collected by John MacDonald and Robin Hilderman (University of Glasgow) who retain the original data.

Optimizing Road Development for Groundwater Recharge and Retention (NERC grant NE/L001934/1)
Data files and reports from NERC grant NE/L001934/1, Optimizing Road Development for Groundwater Recharge and Retention. 1. Optimizing Intensified Runoff from Roads for Supplemental Irrigation: Tigray Region, Ethiopia MSc Thesis by Meseret Dawit Teweldebrihan 2. Reconnaisance Report: Potentials of water harvesting from road catchments: the case of Freweign-Hawzien-Abreha Weatsbeha route, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia 3. Reconnaissance Report for Water harvesting from roads in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: Practices, Opportunities and Design Considerations 4. Reconnaissance Report Road development and gully erosion in Ethiopia: Towards the design of multifunctional roads to harvest water 5. Where does the water flow? Roads runoff, soil erosion, groundwater, livelihoods and poverty alleviation in Tigray, Ethiopia

Oracle Data Dictionaries
All data dictionaries held in Oracle. They include both administrative (e.g. codes for companies), scientific (e.g. codes for deformation episodes) and geographic (e.g. codes for countries). Typically, they are used to constrain the allowable values held in other Oracle datasets. In some cases they are an implementation of the classifications that the BGS uses in its work.

Organic matter composition (isotopic composition and biomarker characterisation) from Lake Paringa and soils from Westland, New Zealand (NERC Grant NE/P013538/1)
The dataset contains geochemical measurements which quantify the amount and source of carbon in organic matter of sediments from Lake Paringa, New Zealand. Measurements were made on a 6 m sediment core collected in 2015 from the lake bed using a Mackereth corer (PA6m1a). The core was correlated to master core PA1 which has a well-established age-depth model based on accelerator mass spectrometry measurements of the radiocarbon (14C) content of terrestrial macrofossils (Howarth et al., 2016). In addition, soil samples were collected using a soil auger from two elevation transects in westland, New Zealand in 2016 and 2017 (from Mt. Fox and Alex Knob). All sediment samples were freeze dried and ground to homogenise them prior to geochemical analyses. Organic carbon concentration (%) and the stable isotopic composition of organic carbon (δ13C) was measured (Frith et al., 2018) following the removal of carbonate minerals (0.25 M hydrochloric acid for 4 hours at approximately 70 °C) by combustion of sediment at 1,020 °C in a Costech Elemental Analyser coupled via a CONFLO III to a Thermo Scientific Delta V Advantage stable isotope mass spectrometer. Total nitrogen content (N, %) and its isotopic composition (δ15N) was measured by combustion of untreated samples in a Costech Elemental Analyser with a CARBOSORB trap to inhibit large CO2 peaks from affecting measurements. A subset of samples were selected for analysis of the radiocarbon activity (14C, reported as F14C) of bulk organic matter by accelerator mass spectrometry after graphitization. A subset of sediment samples from the lake core and soil samples were selected for the analysis of biomarker abundance and their hydrogen isotope composition. We focused on the extraction of n-alkanes from aliquots of lake sediment (~2 g) using established methods (Wang et al., 2020). These measurements are reported in the dataset as the abundance of n-alkanes (chain lengths C21 to C35) in ug/g of sediment (and sum of chain lengths and ratios - carbon preference index). Finally, the dataset includes outputs of organic matter provenance: modelled elevation and depth, as described in Wang et al., (2020). In the datafile, the sample elevation and depth are provided. The labels for data are as follows. For down core sediment samples from Lake Paringa, they are labelled with the core code (PA6m1), and the sampling interval in centimetres (PA6m1_x). Soil samples from an elevation transect from Mt Fox (MF-YY-a) are labelled with a distinct code for each site (YY) and sub-code for each soil depth (a). Soil samples from an elevation transect of Alex Knob (5.Z.z) are labelled based on sub-site (Z) and soil depth (z).

Organic pollutants in urban soils of Glasgow, UK
Concentrations of total organic carbon (TOC), total petroleum hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were determined in 84 near-surface soils (5-20 cm depth) taken from a 255 km2 area of Glasgow in the Clyde Basin, UK, during July 2011. Total petroleum hydrocarbon ranged from 79-2,505 mg kg-1 (mean 388 mg kg-1; median 272 mg kg-1) of which the aromatic fraction was 13-74 % (mean 44 %, median 43 %) and saturates were 28-87 % (mean 56 %, median 57 %). Σ16 PAH varied from 2-653 mg kg-1 (mean 32.4 mg kg-1; median 12.5mg kg-1) and Σ31 PAH range was 2.47-852 mg kg-1 (mean 45.4 mg kg-1; median 19.0 mg kg-1). PCB tri-hepta range was 2.2-1052 mg kg-1 (mean 32.4 mg kg-1; median 12.7 mg kg-1) and the ΣPCB7 was 0.3-344 mg kg-1 (mean 9.8 mg kg-1; median 2.7 mg kg-1). This data is associated with the published research paper https://doi.org/10.1017/S1755691018000324 Kim, A.W., Vane, C.H., Moss-Hayes, V. Berriro, D.B., Fordyce, F., Everrett, P. Nathanail, P.C. 2018. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in urban soils of Glasgow, UK. Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 108, 2-3, 231-248.

Original Seismic Sections.
This document dataset contains original prints, on paper, sepia or film, of seismic reflection survey sections, dating from the 1960s. Most data are within the UK onshore area; although there are some UK near-shore and offshore (North Sea, Irish Sea) and foreign data. Most data were acquired for commercial hydrocarbon exploration and subsequently provided to BGS for use on specific projects. Some data were acquired by BGS and other public-sector bodies, e.g. BIRPS (British Institutions Reflection Profiling Syndicate), for academic research. This data set is a master set; copies must be used for interpretation purposes. Documents stored rolled in tubes, approximately 10 sections per tube, approx 850 tubes. The data are mostly concentrated in areas prospective for coal, oil and gas.

Original Seismic Shotpoint Location Maps.
This document data set contains original prints, on paper, sepia or film, of seismic reflection survey location (navigation) maps. These provide the location data for the seismic sections of the Original Seismic Sections (ORIGSEISECS) and Copy Seismic Sections (COPYSEISECS) datasets. Almost all data are within the UK onshore area; although there are some UK near-shore and offshore (North Sea, Irish Sea) and foreign data. Most data were acquired for commercial hydrocarbon exploration and subsequently provided to BGS for use on specific projects. Some data were acquired by BGS and other public-sector bodies, e.g. BIRPS, for academic research. All maps are digitised upon receipt (see LOCSEC database) and then archived in this data set. (Copies used to be used for interpretation purposes but this is no longer the case.) Documents stored rolled in tubes. Approx 800 maps.

Orogenic Plateau Magmatism (NERC grant NE/H021620/1)
This dataset contains major element, trace element and isotopic analyses for samples collected during the NERC project "Orogenic Plateau Magmatism" (NE/H021620/1) (2011-2014). Samples are late Cenozoic volcanic rocks erupted across centres of the Iranian or Armenian sectors of the Turkish-Iranian Plateau, during the ongoing Arabia-Eurasia continental collision. Results have been published in the following papers: Allen, M.B., Kheirkhah, M., Neill, I., Emami, M.H. & McLeod, C.L. (2013) Generation of arc and within-plate chemical signatures in collision zone magmatism: Quaternary lavas from Kurdistan Province, Iran. Journal of Petrology, 54,887-911. Kheirkhah, K., Neill, I., Allen, M.B. & Ajdari, K. (2013) Small-volume melts of lithospheric mantle during continental collision: late Cenozoic lavas of Mahabad, NW Iran. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 74, 37-49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2013.06.002. Kheirkhah, K., Neill, I. & Allen, M.B. (2015) Petrogenesis of OIB-like basaltic volcanic rocks in a continental collision zone: Late Cenozoic magmatism of Eastern Iran. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 106, 19-33. Neill, I., Meliksetian, K., Allen, M.B., Navasardyan, G. & Kuiper, K. (2015) Petrogenesis of mafic collision zone magmatism: The Armenian sector of the Turkish-Iranian Plateau. Chemical Geology, 403, 24-41. Neill, I., Meliksetian, K., Allen, M.B., Navarsardyan, G. & Karapetyan, S. (2013) Pliocene-Quaternary volcanic rocks of NW Armenia: magmatism and lithospheric dynamics within an active orogenic plateau. Lithos, 180-181, 200-215.

Overlying layers, for Sarmatian aquifer in Dobrogea de Sud, Romania

Ostracod carbonate isotope data, Freshwater Pond, Barbuda (NERC grant NE/K00610X/1)
The dataset contains oxygen and carbon isotope measurements from multiple-shell samples of the ostracod Heterocypris punctata, from Core FP2 taken from Freshwater Pond, Barbuda. A chronology for the core is provided by radiocarbon dates. The data, which are further described in Burn et al. (2016) The Holocene, 26(8), 1237-47, provide a proxy for changing rainfall patterns for the period 2000-1555 CE.

Other groundwater use
Groundwater uses, which might limit the use of shallow geothermal energy

Overseas Geophysical Surveys
BGS has carried out geophysical surveys in many countries for different agencies. The surveys range from regional gravity and airborne magnetic mapping to targetted surveys for mineral and water. Individual surveys do not yet have metadata entries: this entry describes a notional database that represents all overseas geophysical surveys.

Oxygen and hydrogen isotope values of water samples, Jamaica (NERC grant NE/K00610X/1)
Surface waters and shallow groundwater samples were collected by completely filling 30 mL polyethylene bottles, which were then sealed with electrical tape to minimise the risk of evaporative loss. Rainwater samples were integrated samples of total monthly rainfall collected in a specially-adapted rainfall collector following IAEA protocols (IAEA [accessed 22 June 2012). Stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen were determined simultaneously using a 'Picarro' WS-CRDS system at the University of Liverpool or the University of Cambridge. Jamaica, Parish of St Elizabeth. Wallywash Great Pond (lat: 17.9716°; long: -77.8068°) (lake water and groundwater samples) and Pon de Rock Guest House (lat: 17.9156°; long: -77.7973°) (rainwater samples). Refer to accompanying map for the precise location of the lake water sampling sites

P-wave and S-wave tomographic models for the Northeast Africa region (NERC grant NE/I020342/1)
P-wave and S-wave tomographic models for the Northeast Africa region. They have been calculated using relative travel time tomography. For full details of method and models see the following papers: Civiero, C., Hammond, J. O. S., Goes, S., Fishwick, S., Ahmed, A., Ayele, A., Doubre, C., Goitom, B., Keir, D., Kendall, M., Leroy, S., Ogubzghi, G., Rumpker, G., Stuart, G. W. Multiple mantle upwellings beneath the Northern East-African rift system from relative P-wave traveltime tomography, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., doi:10.1002/2015GC005948 (2015) Civiero, C., Goes, S., Hammond, J. O. S., Fishwick, S., Ahmed, A., Ayele, A., Doubre, C., Goitom, B., Keir, D., Kendall, M., Leroy, S., Ogubzghi, G., Rumpker, G., Stuart, G. W. Small-scale thermal upwellings under the Northern East African rift from S-wave travel-time tomography, J. Geophs. Res. Doi:10.1002/2016JB013070 (2016). The geographical extent of the models is Latitude: 24.7S - 27.0N, Longitude: 25.4E - 57.2E, Depth: 0 - 900 km. See see hitcount files and papers for areas of reasonable resolution.

P - Precipitation factor
This factor takes into account the amount and frequency of precipitation in the study area. Annual average precipitation is fairly uniform across the pilot area and was assigned a value of 0.2. The average number of rainy days for this pilot is 225, which results in a low intensity value for for precipitation and an overall low reduction of protection ‘P’ score overall

P map
P map in Slovenia represents one layer of vulnerability map COP in Slovenia that has been applied on the area covered by karstic rocks. The map is constituated from annual precipitation and average rainfallin the wet years. Vulnerability classes are: 0.4-0.5 Very High, 0.6 High, 0.7 Moderate, 0.8 Low, 0.9-1 Very low.

Palaeo-Alluvial Plain
A palaeo-alluvial plain is defined as a largely flat landform created by the repeated deposition of alluvial sediments over a long period of time by running water. Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

Palaeobiology and phosphorites of the Ediacaran Biskopas Formation: optical microscopy and SEM-BSE-EDS data (NERC grant NE/I005951/1)
The dataset documents microfossils (acanthomorphic acritarchs) and sedimentary structures within phosphorite pebbles and interstitial carbonate cements from the Ediacaran Biskopas and Biri formations, Hedmark Group, Norway. Data includes extensive optical microscopy images (~30,000) of the microfossils and structures; SEM-BSE images, EDS elemental map and spot point data of phosphatized and carbonate-hosted microfossils; BSE maps and EDS elemental maps of the sedimentary structures within phosphorite pebbles; sedimentary descriptions and detailed grain size counts for phosphorites; detailed spread sheets recording microfossil size ranges, microfacies distributions, and abundances.

Palaeocoastline
Palaeocoastline polyline features delineating former coastlines and shorelines subdivided into those which have been mapped (direct observation) or modelled. Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only, 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence

Palaeoecological proxies - FORSENS project (NERC grant NE/J018562/1)
This dataset is the output of a NERC fellowship aimed to understand the long-term dynamics of tropical vegetation through palaeoecological analysis. For doing this, two sedimentary archives (Laguna Pindo and Laguna Baños) from Ecuador were radiocarbon dated and analysed for pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs, charcoal, chironomids, stable isotopes and XRF of tephra deposits. Each proxy was analysed at different resolution. Laguna Pindo is a mid-elevation lake (1250 m asl) that spans the last 50,000 years. Laguna Baños is an Andean lake located at 3800 m asl and contains sediments representative of the last 6500 years. Both water bodies are very shallow. The data is presented mainly in excel spreadsheets as raw data (except for radiocarbon dating data, which are the PDF files provided by NRCF and are available in the NGDC), without any math treatment or conversion (unless specified). NERC fellowship is NE/J 018562/1.

Palaeointensity (PINT) database v8.0.0 (NERC Grants NE/P017266/1, NE/S008330/1, NE/P00170X/1)
The palaeointensity (PINT) database of estimates of absolute palaeomagnetic field strength throughout Earth history. The aim of the PINT database is to catalogue all absolute palaeointensity data with ages > 50 ka which have been published in the peer-reviewed literature. The data is provided at the cooling unit level or, in the case of large intrusions, at the sampling site level. In some cases, the data provided in the publication only allows averages of multiple cooling units to be given. In such cases, this should be a Field. The database was published in Bono et al. (2021, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab490) and an online version is available at http://pintdb.org/

Palaeomagnetism measurements collected on-board JOIDES Resolution during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 346 (NERC grant NE/N004736/1)
The dataset created includes natural remanent magnetisation (NRM) of archive-half core sections recovered at nine sites (i.e. Sites U1422, U1423, U1424, U1425, U1426, U1427, U1428, U1429, and U1430) during IODP Expedition 346. NRM of the archive-half core sections were measured at every 5-cm interval resolution before and after 20-mT alternating field (AF) demagnetisation treatment. The dataset created also includes NRM of discrete samples taken from working-half core sections (typically one discrete sample per core from the longest hole at each drilling site). NRM of discrete samples were measured before and after a complete stepwise AF demagnetisation routine (up to 60-mT peak AF field). All NRM data collected were used to construct magnetostratigraphy for all sites drilled during Expedition 346. All data have been published in IODP proceedings Volume 346 ( http://publications.iodp.org/proceedings/346/346toc.htm).

Paleoarchean Isua Supracrustal Belt, stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes and metal abundances (NERC grant NE/V010824/1)
Organic carbon, bulk nitrogen isotope and bulk sulfur isotope and abundance data and metal abundance data from metapelites of the 3.7Ga Isua Supracrustal Belt. For more details, see Stüeken, E.E., Boocock, T., Szilas, K., Mikhail, S. and Gardiner, N.J., 2021. Reconstructing nitrogen sources to Earth’s earliest biosphere at 3.7 Ga. Frontiers in Earth Science, 9, p.675726.

Paleogene bulk sediment stable oxygen and carbon isotope data (NERC grant NE/R012490/1)
Low-resolution Paleogene bulk sediment stable oxygen and carbon isotope data from IODP Expedition 369, Sites U1514 and U1516 in the SE Indian Ocean.

Paleoproterozoic McArthur Basin, SEDEX deposit, stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes (NERC Grant NE/V010824/1)
Organic carbon and bulk nitrogen isotope data for black shale samples from six different drill cores with varying distance from the major Zn ore body (HYC) in the McArthur basin. Data show trends with distance in d15N and C/N ratios. A more detailed interpretation is provided in Stüeken, E.E., Gregory, D.D., Mukherjee, I. and McGoldrick, P., 2021. Sedimentary exhalative venting of bioavailable nitrogen into the early ocean. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 565, p.116963.

Palermo PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Palermo, Italy. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Palynofacies, microcharcoal, clay mineralogical and carbon isotope mass spectrometry measurements from the Late Pliensbachian (934 – 918 mbs) of the Mochras core, Cardigan Bay Basin, NW Wales, UK (NERC Grant NE/L501669/1)
Palynofacies, microcharcoal, clay mineralogical and carbon isotope mass spectrometry measurements from the Late Pliensbachian (934 – 918 mbs) of the Mochras core, Cardigan Bay Basin, NW Wales, UK. Data description: This dataset of the Mochras borehole contains palynofacies, microcharcoal, clay mineralogical data, bulk organic carbon-isotopes, TOC and CaCO3 data from the interval 934 – 918 mbs. This dataset extents the previously published dataset (951 – 934 mbs) deposited at: https://doi.org/10.5285/d6b7c567-49f0-44c7-a94c-e82fa17ff98e and discussed in the published paper by Hollaar et al. (2021) https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00307-3. The dataset is also linked to the XRF dataset https://doi.org/10.5285/c09e9908-6a21-43a8-bc5a-944f9eb8b97e Damaschke et al. (2021) which also covers the study interval of the here deposited dataset of the Mochras core. This dataset covers part of the Upper Margaritatus Zone in the Mochras core and covers the onset of the Late Pliensbachian positive carbon-isotope excursion. This data was collected, interpreted and analysed by Teuntje Hollaar, Claire Belcher, Stephen Hesselbo, and Jean-Fran?ois Deconinck. The dataset was created within the scope of the JET project (Integrated understanding of Early Jurassic Earth system and timescale) - https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FN018508%2F1. This project has received funding from the International Continental Scientific Drilling Programme (ICDP) and the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC).

Palynological data for Miocene sediments collected at Site U1521 during International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 374 to the Ross Sea, Antarctica
This dataset comprises palynological counts on sediments from IODP Expedition 374 Site U1521 to the Ross Sea, collected on the RV JOIDES Resolution. Marine palynomorphs are counted in 23 samples, and 7 samples were counted for terrestrial palynomorphs (pollen and spores). Shipboard biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy suggests the samples are early Miocene in age (McKay et al., 2019, Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program).

Palynology and palaeothermometry data from Eocene sediments recovered by IODP Expedition 318. (NERC grant NE/I00646X/2)
The datasets consist of a spreadsheets containing sporomorph and biomarker data for 145 samples from Eocene sediments recovered by Integrated Ocean Drilling Programme Expedition 318. We studied palynology (pollen and dinocysts) and palaeothermometry based on Glycerol Dialkyal Glycerol Tetraethers (GDGTs) to a sedimentary record from the Wilkes Land margin, East Antarctica, recovered by the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP Expedition 318 Site U1356). These data sets provide the framework for a terrestrial climate reconstruction for the early Eocene of Antarctica. Further details of the data and their interpretation may be found in Pross et al. (2012), doi:10.1038/nature11300 and Bijl et al. (2013), PNAS, doi/10.1073/pnas.1220872110 The associated NERC grant is NE/I00646X/1 and NE/I00646X/2.

Palynology, Rock-Eval and Thermal Maturity data for the Holywell Shale Formation from the Ellesmere Port 1 Borehole (NERC Grant NE/R017964/1)
Four data tables are included: 1. Rock-Eval 6 pyrolysis and stable isotope data: includes sample number; Depth in meters; S1, S2, S3, present day hydrogen index, present day oxygen index in milligram hydrocarbons per grams of rock; Tmax in degrees Celsius; total organic carbon (TOC), pyrolyzed carbon (PC), remaining carbon (RC) in %; proportion of TOC that is pyrolyzed in % ; δ13C in ‰. 2. Palynological counts: raw counts of the palynofacies analysis. Includes MPA (micropalaeontology sample number), SSK (subsample Keyworth) number provided by the National Geological Repository; Depth in meters; the raw counts grouped by Heterogeneous amorphous organic matter (AOM), Homogeneous AOM, Phytoclasts, Spores and Pollen, Fungal debris and Mineral Matter. 3. Thermal Maturity as random mean vitrinite reflectance data: includes SSK sample number, depth in meters; mean random vitrinite reflectance (%Rr), Standard Deviation (SD) and the number of measurements taken for each sample (n). 4. Spore counts: Includes MPA (micropalaeontology sample number), SSK (subsample Keyworth) number provided by the National Geological Repository; Depth in meters; raw counts of spores identified in selected samples. All the data are based on sample materials from the Holywell Shale Formation from the Ellesmere Port 1 Borehole. These data are in support of: Hennissen et al.’s The Holywell Shale Formation in the Blacon Basin: resource potential in the Geological Society of London Special Publications.

Pan-European Annual Thermal Amplitude
Difference between the maximum and minimum annual average temperature

Pan-European Ground Surface Temperature
Annual average ground surface temperature in Europe. The values are based on the Air Surface Temperature and the temperature variation due to elevation.

Pan-European thermal conductivity map
Thermal conductivity values from VDI 4640 of the outcropping lithology in Europe.

Pan-European Vulnerability to Pollution: A-Layer - Aquifer media
The A layer represents aquifer media with direct assignment of A index values for each aquifer material according to the proposal of the HOVER project. The aquifer media scoring was applied to IHME1500 lithology level 2 information.

Pan-European Vulnerability to Pollution: C-Layer - Hydraulic conductivity
The C layer represents the hydraulic conductivity of IHME1500 Level 2 legend classes averaged from literature data with direct assignment of the C index following the classification proposal of the HOVER project.

Pan-European Vulnerability to Pollution: D-Layer - Depth to water table (10km Resolution)
The D layer represents depth to groundwater table from the surface, reclassified to D index values from 1 to 10 according to class breaks proposed by Aller et al. (1987).

Pan-European Vulnerability to Pollution: DRASTIC map
DRASTIC represents the groundwater pollution potential of the upperemost aquifer systems over Europe in five classes 1 - 5 (very low, low, moderate, high, very high) on a 1 km pixel basis. The DRASTIC index according to Aller et al. (1987) is constituated as a weighted linear sum of seven environmental parameters (Depth to water table, Net recharge, Aquifer media, Soil media, Topography/slope, Impact of vadose zone media, Hydraulic conductivity) with parameter classes scored from 1..10 for their specific impact on groundwater pollution potential. The five classes are derived from equal interval slicing of the continuous DRASTIC index

Pan-European Vulnerability to Pollution: I-Layer - Impact of vadose zone media
The I layer represents the impact of the vadoze zone and was derived from the soil parent material information of the European Soil Regions Map 1:5 Millon (ESRM5000, according to a scoring scheme proposed by the HOVER project

Pan-European Vulnerability to Pollution: R-Layer - Net recharge
The R layer represents the mean annual net groundwater recharge for the climatic normal period 1961 - 1990, scored (classified) for index values 1...10 according to class breaks proposed by the HOVER project. The recharge caluclation was performed on an averaged montly basis using WORLDCLIM 1.4 climate data (precipitation, temperature, downscaled to 1 km resolution, https://www.worldclim.org/data/v1.4/worldclim14.html) and a temperature-based approach to claculate effective precipitation on a monthly basis after Samani and Hargreaves (1985). Annual diffuse net groundwater recharge was then estimated from effective precipitation using several environmental attenuation factors, as deduced from a scheme by Döll & Flörke (2005). Areas delineated by IHME1500 as "no groundwater" are blanked.

Pan-European Vulnerability to Pollution: S-Layer - Soil media
The S layer represents soil media with direct assignment of S index values according to a proposal made by the HOVER project. Soil media was derived from soil types as provoided as a 1km grid cell raster data product from the Soil Geographical Database of Europe (SGDBE,

Pan-European Vulnerability to Pollution: T-Layer - Topography/slope
The T layer represents topographical information, i.e. the slope angle calculated from GTOPO30 1 km resolution elevation data, classified using class breaks proposed by the HOVER project

Paneuropean Borehole Index
Information about boreholes harvested from European institutions, mainly Geological Survey Organisations. The services is provided to EPOS

Pangeo Ground Stability Layers
Product by the Pangeo project: http://www.pangeoproject.eu/
PanGeo provides information about the stability of the ground on which we live, work and play. Ground instability, or "geohazards", affect us all. They can be dangerous and costly, yet information on these phenomena can be difficult if not impossible to obtain. The PanGeo service provides entirely free access to geohazard information for many of the largest cities in Europe .
The PanGeo service is aimed at local authorities, civil protection agencies, geological surveys, the public, insurers and businesses providing environmental and land reporting services. The service and products available are entirely free to use, even for commercial gain, providing appropriate credits are given (see licence terms). Information in PanGeo is derived from detailed analysis of local geological data combined with satellite measurements of ground movement.

Parallel measurements of methane content in the soil gas samples
Data contain reference measurements of methane concentration in soil gas samples for storage tests in sampling methodology evaluation and results of field measurements as well as laboratory tests of methane and carbon dioxide conducted on parallel to main set samples collected for monitoring observations on post-exploration shale gas sites in Poland for quality check and control.

Parnu PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Parnu, Estonia. It has been provided by Altamira Information as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Pb and Nd isotope data for Tropic Seamount correlated Fe-Mn crust stratigraphy (NERC Grant NE/M011151/1)
The file contains the validation data on certified reference material for Nd isotope measurement, the LA-MC-ICP-MS composite Pb isotope ratios and Nd isotope time series for Tropic Seamount, north-east Atlantic Ocean. The dataset spans a deposition history covering the last 75 Ma. The record was obtained by analysis of hydrogenetic ferromanganese crust samples recovered during the 2016 JC142 expedition of the MarineE-Tech project.

Pelite Illite Crystallinity Database
This is a simple Oracle table holding sample numbers, locations (UK National Grid) and illite crystallinity values measured for pelitic (mudrock) samples from Lower Palaeozoic terranes in the UK. Though intended for use by a BGS collaborative project with Birkbeck College, London, data may be made available to others on request.

Perama Hill epithermal gold deposit
Perama Hill is a high sulphidation deposit hosted by tertiary sandstones (Lescuyer J.L.et.al. 2003) and is located on the east margin of Petrota graben.Perama gold mineralisation is related the late Eocene-Oligocene volcanism in the Rhodope massif.Gold mineralisation is associated with a series of wide (>1,5m) to narrow (few cm) milky quartz-barite veins and stockwork veining in the vuggy silica block.Gold in microsized was also found disseminated in the surrounding altered (oxide mineralisation) epiclastic sandstones (Lescuyer J.L.et.al. 2003)

Permeability Dataset for Great Britain (Artificial Deposits)
The data comprises GIS layers representing the permeability of artificial deposits for Great Britain. The permeability data has been derived from DiGMap-GB (Digital Geological Map Data of Great Britain), and therefore reflects the scale of DiGMap-GB. For the majority of the Great Britain, the scale is 1:50,000. The data is updated annually, or after a major new release of DiGMap-GB. The permeability data describes the fresh water flow through these deposits and the ability of a lithostratigraphical unit to transmit water. Maximum and minimum permeability indices are given for each geological unit to indicate the range in permeability likely to be encountered and the predominant flow mechanism (fracture or intergranular). Neither of the assigned values takes into account the thickness of either the unsaturated or saturated part of the lithostratigraphical unit. The data can be used freely internally, but is licensed for commercial use. It is best displayed using a desktop GIS, and is available in vector format as ESRI shapefiles and MapInfo TAB files.

Permeability Dataset for Great Britain (Bedrock)
The data comprises a GIS layer representing the permeability of bedrock for Great Britain The permeability data has been derived from DiGMap-GB (Digital Geological Map Data of Great Britain), and therefore reflects the scale of DiGMap-GB. For the majority of the Great Britain, the scale is 1:50,000, however in areas where the geology is not mapped to this scale, 1:250,000 data are. The data is updated annually, or after a major new release of DiGMap-GB. The permeability data describes the fresh water flow through geological deposits and the ability of a lithostratigraphical unit to transmit water. Maximum and minimum permeability indices are given for each geological unit to indicate the range in permeability likely to be encountered and the predominant flow mechanism (fracture or intergranular). Neither of the assigned values takes into account the thickness of either the unsaturated or saturated part of the lithostratigraphical unit. The data can be used freely internally, but is licensed for commercial use. It is best displayed using a desktop GIS, and is available in vector format as ESRI shapefiles and MapInfo TAB files.

Permeability Dataset for Great Britain (Mass Movements)
The data comprises GIS layers representing the permeability of mass movement deposits for Great Britain. The permeability data has been derived from DiGMap-GB (Digital Geological Map Data of Great Britain), and therefore reflects the scale of DiGMap-GB. For the majority of the Great Britain, the scale is 1:50,000,. The data is updated annually, or after a major new release of DiGMap-GB. The permeability data describes the fresh water flow through mass movement deposits and the ability of a unit to transmit water. Maximum and minimum permeability indices are given for each geological unit to indicate the range in permeability likely to be encountered and the predominant flow mechanism (fracture or intergranular). Neither of the assigned values takes into account the thickness of either the unsaturated or saturated part of the lithostratigraphical unit. The data can be used freely internally, but is licensed for commercial use. It is best displayed using a desktop GIS, and is available in vector format as ESRI shapefiles and MapInfo TAB files.

Permeability Dataset for Great Britain (Merged)
The data comprises four GIS layers representing the permeability of geological deposits for Great Britain (bedrock, superficial, artificial and mass movement deposits). The permeability data has been derived from DiGMap-GB (Digital Geological Map Data of Great Britain), and therefore reflects the scale of DiGMap-GB. For the majority of the Great Britain, the scale is 1:50,000, however in areas where the geology is not mapped to this scale, the next best available scale is used. For bedrock deposits this is 1:250,000 and for superficial deposits this is 1:625:000. Artificial ground and mass movement deposits have not been mapped beyond 1:50,000. The data is updated annually, or after a major new release of DiGMap-GB. The permeability data describes the fresh water flow through geological deposits and the ability of a lithostratigraphical unit to transmit water. Maximum and minimum permeability indices are given for each geological unit to indicate the range in permeability likely to be encountered and the predominant flow mechanism (fracture or intergranular). Neither of the assigned values takes into account the thickness of either the unsaturated or saturated part of the lithostratigraphical unit. The data can be used freely internally, but is licensed for commercial use. It is best displayed using a desktop GIS, and is available in vector format as ESRI shapefiles and MapInfo TAB files.

Permeability dataset for Great Britain (Superficial)
The data comprises a GIS layers representing the permeability of Superficial geological deposits for Great Britain. The permeability data has been derived from DiGMap-GB (Digital Geological Map Data of Great Britain), and therefore reflects the scale of DiGMap-GB. For the majority of the Great Britain, the scale is 1:50,000, however in areas where the geology is not mapped to this scale, the next best available scale, 1:625:000, is used. The data is updated annually, or after a major new release of DiGMap-GB. The permeability data describes the fresh water flow through geological deposits and the ability of a lithostratigraphical unit to transmit water. Maximum and minimum permeability indices are given for each geological unit to indicate the range in permeability likely to be encountered and the predominant flow mechanism (fracture or intergranular). Neither of the assigned values takes into account the thickness of either the unsaturated or saturated part of the lithostratigraphical unit. The data can be used freely internally, but is licensed for commercial use. It is best displayed using a desktop GIS, and is available in vector format as ESRI shapefiles and MapInfo TAB files.

Permeability Map of Spain at scale 1:200.000 digital continuous
The continuous and digital Permeability Map of Spain at a scale of 1:200.000000 is based on the continuous Lithostratigraphic Map of Spain at a scale of 1:200.000 and represents the mapped lithostratigraphic levels grouped by similar permeability values.
In order to carry it out, firstly, a legend was drawn up in which a degree of permeability was assigned to each mapped lithostratigraphic unit. Five types of permeability were established: Very high, High, Medium, Low and Very low. The different lithologies were associated into 7 large groups (carbonate, detrital, Quaternary detrital, volcanic, metadetritic, igneous and evaporitic), giving rise to a classification by types of aquifers, established according to the formation processes of each permeability.
This map clearly shows the hydrogeological domains with a predominance of calcareous and evaporitic, detritic and crystalline aquifers, highlighting the main peninsular and island structural lines that bring the different groundwater bodies defined into contact with each other.
This cartography is adapted to the hydrographic network and the shadow model produced by CEDEX, at a scale of 1:200,000, based on the topographic base, at a scale of 1:50,000, of the Army Cartographic Service. The cartographic information is referenced to coordinates in UTM projection, European Datum, zone 30, except for that corresponding to the Canary Islands, which is referenced to zone 28.
The map is made up of the Cartographic Units Information Layer (LPIT) and the external table
dat table, which assigns to each lithostratigraphic formation (FH) the degree of permeability as well as the colour of representation.
The format of the generated information is Shape file.

Permeability of rock fractures computed by multi-scale models (NERC grant NE/L000660/1)
The permeability of single fractures, pairs of conjugate fracture pairs, and 256 fracture networks, is numerically computed using a multi-scale permeability method. For fracture networks, the geometries of the files are contained in 3dm files. The results are presented in a series of json text files. The method to compute permeabilities is described in the PhD thesis entitled "Multi-scale modelling of thermohydro-mechanical-chemical processes in fractured rocks" by Philipp Lang, Imperial College London, supervised by Adriana Paluszny and Robert W. Zimmerman.

Petrobangla (Bangladesh) Seismic Survey Data
This dataset is an archive of the following original data for the seismic reflection surveys conducted by the BGS in Bangladesh for PetroBangla (Bangladesh state oil & gas company) and the UK Overseas Development Agency (funding body): Observers' logs, Surveyors' reports, Location data tapes, Field data recording tapes, Processed data tapes and various stages of processing: demultiplexed field data to migrated stack (not all available for all profiles). These data are kept as archive copies. They are only available with the agreement of PetroBangla and the ODA. Approx. written records and approx. 1200 tapes.

Petrological and geochemical analysis of samples from Aluto volcano, Ethiopia (NERC grant NE/L013932/1)
Petrological and geochemical analysis of samples from Aluto volcano, Ethiopia. Data are referenced in Gleeson et al., 2017: Constraining magma storage conditions at a restless volcano in the Main Ethiopian Rift using phase equilibria models; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.02.026.

Petrological and geochemical analysis of tephra samples from Aluto volcano, Ethiopia (NERC grant NE/L013932/1)
Petrological and geochemical analysis of tephra samples from Aluto volcano, Ethiopia. Data are referenced in McNamara et al., 2018: Using Lake Sediment Cores to Improve Records of Volcanism at Aluto Volcano in the Main Ethiopian Rift; https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GC007686.

Petrology of Gravel Size Clasts from Miocene sediments collected at Site U1521 during International Ocean Discovery Programme (IODP) Expedition 374 to the Ross Sea, Antarctica
This dataset comprises continuous logging of clasts >2 mm from International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 374 Site U1521 to the Ross Sea, collected on the RV JOIDES Resolution. Shipboard biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy suggests the sediments are early Miocene in age (McKay et al., 2019, Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program). Logged clasts are grouped by core into seven main lithological groups: igneous rocks, quartz fragments, dolerites, volcanic rocks, metamorphic rocks, sedimentary rocks and sedimentary intraclasts. A full methods description is provided at the bottom of the data file. The clast abundances can be compared to knowledge of terrestrial geology, allowing the changing provenance of the sediments to be traced.

Petrophysics
This database contains laboratory measurements of a range of physical properties of rocks, which can be subdivided into two groups:
1) scalar parameters – density (mineralogical and bulk densities), porosity, mean magnetic susceptibility, and natural radioactivity (U, Th, K and total gamma-ray activity),
2) anisotropic (oriented) parameters – remanent magnetization, velocities of elastic wave propagation, electrical properties and induced polarization.
The database comprises two sub-databases – physical properties of surface samples (20,371 pcs) and core samples from 550 wells.

Petrophysics
ArcGIS Server service for access to petrophysical measurements - physical properties of soils, river (stream) sediments and rocks from surface samplesand drills

pfm9k geomagnetic field models and datafiles (NERC grant NE/I013873/1)
A new family of spherical harmonic geomagnetic field models spanning the past 9000 yr based on magnetic field directions and intensity stored in archaeological artefacts, igneous rocks and sediment records. The pfm9k geomagnetic field models and datafiles as well as the individual bootstraps of the pfm9k.1b geomagnetic field model presented in A. Nilsson, R. Holme, M. Korte, N. Suttie and M. Hill (2014): Reconstructing Holocene geomagnetic field variation: new methods, models and implications. Geophys. J. Int., doi: 10.1093/gji/ggu120 are included here.

Phosphate CBA favourability map of Europe
Cell based associations (CBA) prospectivity map for phosphate in Europe.

Phosphate pan-European metallogenic map in land and Seafloor
Overview map showing the approximate extent of the key Phosphate metallogenic areas in land and European seas.

Phosphor metallogenic map of Europe
Overview map showing the approximate extent of the key Phosphor metallogenic areas in Europe.

Phosphorites
The Geological Survey Ireland (GSI), as partner and Work Package 7 (Minerals) leader of EMODnet Geology Phase III, are compiling information on phosphorite deposits. EMODnet partners are submitting the spatial extent of mapped deposits and established information; here you can view data collated thus far. Phosphorite deposits are found in sedimentary rocks, sufficiently rich in phosphate minerals. Phospherites are authigenic mineral deposits, formed in situ on the sea floor; they generally occur in deeper waters than placer deposits and are primarily used in the phosphate fertiliser industry.

Phosphorites (points)
The Geological Survey Ireland (GSI), as partner and Work Package 7 (Minerals) leader of EMODnet Geology Phase III, are compiling information on phosphorite deposits. EMODnet partners are submitting the spatial extent of mapped deposits and established information; here you can view data collated thus far. Phosphorite deposits are found in sedimentary rocks, sufficiently rich in phosphate minerals. Phospherites are authigenic mineral deposits, formed in situ on the sea floor; they generally occur in deeper waters than placer deposits and are primarily used in the phosphate fertiliser industry.

Phosphorus isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Phosphorus (P), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Photogrammetric Data Of The UK And World
The database contains scanned photographs (at 1016dpi) of the UK and various locations around the world. Some are single band (black&white) others are 3 band colour. The images are stored in various formats on various types of magnetic media: .COT raw scans can only be used on the Intergraph ImageStation; .JPG (Intergraph format); .TIF. Processed scans may also be saved as stereomodels (with project data) and as orthophotographs. Mono coverage for most of the UK and we are constantly acquiring stereo data. Data is updated when unscanned areas are required by projects.

Photographic negatives of BGS large scale maps
Photographic negatives of Geological map 'Standards', manuscript and published maps produced by the Survey on County Series (1:10560) and National Grid (1:10560 & 1:10000) Ordnance Survey base maps. Current holdings over 41,000 maps for Great Britain. The majority of maps were scanned in 2004, any new maps produced are scanned and added to the collection. This is essentially a back up collection for disaster recovery.

Photos and videos from the EEFIT reconnaissance mission to the Amatrice, Italy 24/08/2016 earthquake (NERC grant NE/P01660X/1)
Photos and videos collected during earthquake damage surveys of the village of Amatrice, central Italy. The earthquake struck on the 24th of August 2016 at 3:36 am local time, a Mw 6.2 earthquake struck a mountainous region of central Italy on the borders between Umbria, Marche, Lazio and Abruzzo. The Earthquake Engineering Field Investigation Team (EEFIT) mission ran from the 4th to the 15th of October 2016. The three main aspects investigated were the ground surface effects caused by the earthquake, the structural damage of masonry buildings and bridges and the effects of the earthquake on reinforced concrete structures and infrastructure.

Phylogenetic data matrices used to assess the differences between hard and soft morphological characters (NERC grant NE/I020253/2)
Phylogenetic data matrices used to assess the differences between hard and soft morphological characters For more details see: Fossilization causes organisms to appear erroneously primitive by distorting evolutionary trees Robert S. Sansom & Matthew A. Wills Scientific Reports 3, Article number: 2545 (2013) doi:10.1038/srep02545

Physical measurements of soil moisture, river stage, and groundwater levels from Ghana and Burkina Faso 2016-2019 (NERC Grant NE/M008827/1, NE/M008983/1)
The datasets consist of soil moisture (hourly-weekly), river stage (1 min), and groundwater level (hourly) collected as part of the BRAVE project (NE/M008827/1 and NE/M008983/1) to understand the resilience of boreholes in low-yielding aquifers in the River Volta Basin to climate. The data were collected from physical observatories in Sanon (Burkina Faso) and Aniabisi (Ghana). Soil moisture data were logged hourly beneath contrasting land uses and roaming soil moisture surveys were also undertaken across a wider access tube array. River stage was monitored at the catchment outlet in Sanon and groundwater levels were measured in both catchments.

Physical Properties of Oceanic lower crustal and upper mantle rocks from Atlantis Massif (NERC grant NE/N012402/1)
Physical properties of four serpentinite and four gabbro samples acquired respectively at the Southern Wall (IODP leg 357) and at the Central Dome (IODP leg 304-305) of the Atlantis Massif have been measured and analysed in the frame of a NERC UK-IODP moratorium research. The physical property measurements included simultaneous ultra-sonic wave velocities (compressional and shear wave velocities), attenuation, electrical resistivity and permeability under increasing and decreasing effective pressure ranging between 5 and 45 Mpa. Measurements were carried out using the experimental physical property measurement rig of the rock Physics laboratory of the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK. The porosity and the density of the samples were estimated using their wet dry weight difference and the volume of the samples, under atmospheric pressure and room temperature. The aim of this research project was to learn about the physical properties of oceanic lower crustal and upper-mantle rocks and to find a geophysical method that would allow to distinguish between these rocks, remotely. The dataset has been acquired and interpreted by a science party including researchers from the University of Southampton and the National Oceanography Centre. The ultrasonic wave velocities, attenuation and the electrical resistivity for each sample and for each effective pressure (increasing from 5 to 45 with an interval of 10 MPa and decreasing from 45 to 5 with an interval of 20 MPa) are reported in this dataset. Permeability measurements could have been carried out only on 6 samples for which the permeability was high enough to be measured with the experimental rig.

PI-LAB (Passive Imaging of the Lithosphere Asthensphere Boundary) broad band ocean bottom seismic data (NERC grants NE/M003507/1, NE/M004643/1)
Broadband data collected at the equatorial Mid-Atlantic Ridge from March 2016 to March 2017. From the Grant abstract: We will systematically image the entire length of an oceanic plate, from its birth at the Mid Atlantic Ridge to its oldest formation on the African margin. This is a large-scale focused effort with multiple scales of resolution and sensitivity, from a metre to kilometre scale using seismic and electromagnetic methods. This scale, focus, and interdisciplinary approach will finally determine the processes and properties that make a plate strong and define it. The project will be accomplished through a large, focused international collaboration that involves EU partners (3.5 M euro) and industry (6.4M euro), both already funded.

Pilot areas - test
Locations of open pit and/or underground mining

Pipelines
Pipelines in the North Sea region. Data originate from the national repositories of UK, Norway, Germany, The Netherlands and Denmark

Plagioclase and clinopyroxene mineral chemical and Sr isotope data from Unit 10, Rum Layered Suite, NW Scotland (NERC Grant PhD studentship)
These plagioclase and clinopyroxene mineral chemical and Sr isotope data come from Unit 10, Rum Layered Suite, NW Scotland. They underpin a publication entitled 'Rapid crystallisation of precious metal-mineralised layers in mafic magmatic systems', to be published in Nature Geoscience in 2020.

Planktic foraminiferal oxygen and carbon stable isotope data (NERC Grant NE/P013112/1)
Carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of planktic foraminifera spanning the early and middle Eocene succession recovered from borehole 16/28-Sb01. For description of this sedimentary sequence see Haughton et al. 2005. Petroleum Geology: North-West Europe and Global Perspectives, Proceedings of the 6th Petroleum Geology Conference, 1077–1094.

Planktonic foraminifer occurrence data from IODP Expedition 395C, Reykjanes Ridge (NERC Grant NE/W007002/1)
Qualitative abundance data from micropalaeontological residues from International Ocean Discovery Program Sites U1554, U1555, U1562, U1563 and U1564. Data represents abundance and preservation state of planktonic foraminifera and other sedimentary components from washed residues sieved at > 63 microns. Relative abundances and counts of left and right coiling ratios of selected species of planktonic foraminifera are recorded.

Planktonic foraminiferal census counts and counts of Ice Rafted Debris (IRD) from sediment samples collected during Ocean Drilling Programme (OPD) leg 162 site 983 (NERC grant NE/L006405/1)
These data are described fully in the following publication: S. Barker, J. Chen, X. Gong, L. Jonkers, G. Knorr, D. Thornalley, Icebergs not the trigger for North Atlantic cold events. Nature 520, 333-336 (2015). The dataset comprises planktonic foraminiferal census counts and counts of Ice Rafted Debris (IRD) from sediment samples collected during Ocean Drilling Programme (OPD) leg 162 site 983 in the Northeast Atlantic (60.48°N, 23.68°W, 1,984m water depth). The data were collected between Jan 2011 and Dec 2014. The dataset includes values every 2cm from 2 to 51.5m (metres composite depth) along the ship-board splice. Before counts were performed bulk sediments were spun overnight in distilled water, before sieving over a 63µm sieve. All portions were dried, weighed and stored. Counts were performed on a split of the >150µm fraction. The dataset can be employed to assess changes in surface temperature and presence of rafted ice over the site over the past 440kyr or so. This information is of interest to paleoceanographers and paleoclimatologists. The dataset was created and interpreted by a team at Cardiff University, with additional input from other authors named in the publication. The dataset is complete except for one or two samples that were not received from the repository.

Plans of abandoned mines (coal & oil shale) for Scotland held on microfilm
The collection includes colour microfilm aperture card copies of 7,170 plans of mine workings for coal and oil shale dating from 1872 onwards deposited on abandonment of a mine in compliance with the Coal Mines Regulation Act. An additional c.5,000 coal 'working' plans, mostly pre-dating 1872, formerly belonging to British Coal, have been added to the abandonment plan collection. The latter are held as black & white microfilm aperture cards. The collection includes plans of workings for other minerals, notably ironstone, where worked with coal. The microfilms are held on behalf of the Coal Authority who hold the original plans on behalf of the Health & Safety Executive (HSE). Original plans are held by the Coal Authority, Mansfield. No complete digital index held by BGS. An up to date finding aid is provided by the Coal Authority's paper 'Catalogue of Plans of Abandoned Mines'. The collection is believed to be fairly complete for mines abandoned since the 1872 Act. Plans were added from the British Coal plan collections to fill gaps in holdings, particularly for mines abandoned prior to 1872. Relates to coalfield areas of Central Scotland.

Plans of abandoned mines (other than coal & shale) Scotland
The collection comprises plans of mine workings for ironstone, fireclay, limestone, baryte and metalliferous minerals for Scotland dating from 1872 onwards deposited on abandonment of a mine in compliance with the coal and metalliferous mines regulation acts. The plans are held on behalf of the Health & Safety Executive (HSE) and total about 610 plans. Indexed in the BGS Plans Database Index. As the collection relates to plans of mines abandoned after the 1872 Act, the holdings are fairly complete after this date. The Metalliferous Mines Act originally applied only to mines employing more than 12 men, (eg. some limestone mines). Where non-coal minerals were worked with coal, the abandonment plans are retained by the Coal Authority. Coal Authority also holds exclusively non-coal mine plans not covered by Mine Abandonment Plan collection. All non-confidential data held by NGRC Edinburgh (National Geological Records Centre). Mainly coalfield areas of Central Scotland with large collection relating to the Leadhills-Wanlockhead mining district.

Plans of abandoned mines (other than coal) Cumbria
The collection comprises photographic half plate black & white negative and 35mm colour transparency copies of plans of mine workings for haematite, gypsum, limestone, baryte and metalliferous minerals for Cumbria dating from 1872 onwards. The plans were originally deposited in compliance with the Coal and Metalliferous Mines Regulation acts. The original plans are currently held by Cumbria County Record Office on behalf of the Health & Safety Executive (HSE) and total about 1240 plans. No digital index is available but a paper catalogue is provided by the Health & Safety Executive. As the collection relates to plans of mines abandoned after the 1872 Act, the holdings are fairly complete after this date. Note however, that the Metalliferous Mines Act originally applied only to mines employing more than 12 men, (eg. some limestone mines). Coal Authority may hold non-coal mine plans not covered by Mine Abandonment Plan collection.

Pliocene Palaeoclimate off Southeastern Africa: Insights from IODP Expedition 361 (NERC grant NE/N020286/1)
The data comprises a multi-proxy dataset of 49 samples spanning approximately the time interval from 1.8-3.9 Ma according to the currently available shipboard age model from offshore the Limpopo River, southwest Indian Ocean. Data includes major and trace element chemistry and K-Ar ages from the clay fraction (<2um), radiogenic isotope geochemistry, stable isotopes of planktonic foraminifera Globigerinoides ruber. The data set is now online with a citable DOI, although with an embargo till September 2019, http://dx.doi.org/10.1594/IEDA/100719

PlumeMOM model inputs and simulation results for 22/12/2018 Anak Krakatau volcanic eruption (NERC Grants NE/T002026/1, NE/T002018/1)
The folders contain the inputs required to run numerical simulations of the Anak Krakatau eruption in 2018, including ERA wind field data, and model input files (.bak). Two sets of simulations were used. The first set of simulations were inversions (see inversion file), which allows input parameters to be estimated through application of numerical model to observations. Multiple inversions were used accounting for different amounts of water entrained at the source (Fractions of 0 - 0.25 in 0.05 intervals). The best fit input parameters were used to run the forward model (see ForwardModel folder), and the results were compared to asses those most representative of observed eruption dynamics (Sim6).

Point source urban soil chemistry Great Britain (version 1)
This dataset has now been superseded, please see the Measured Urban Soil Chemistry dataset. The BGS digital point source urban soil chemistry data (GB_PointSourceUrbanSoilPHE_v1) comprises the locations and concentrations (mg kg-1) of Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni) and Lead (Pb) in urban topsoil samples. The data is derived from the national, high resolution urban soil geochemical data from the BGS Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment (G-BASE) project. The information is relevant for the first stage of any assessment of risks to human health required by regulatory authorities in relation to land use and also for assessing ecological risk. Although point source PHE (Potentially Harmful Element) concentrations above respective SGVs (Soil Guideline Value) do not necessarily imply a significant health risk, they do highlight the need to consider whether or not there may be a risk. The urban soil chemistry data can be used to assist Local Planning Authorities to identify those areas where a risk assessment may need to be carried out by developers. Comparison of this spatially referenced geochemical data with information on current or historic land use and geological information might help environmental professionals decide whether high PHE concentrations in topsoils can be attributed to geogenic or anthropogenic sources. The point source data is based on an interpretation of the records in the possession of the BGS at the time the dataset was created.

Polska usługa pobierania predefiniowanego INSPIRE dla Centralnej Bazy Danych Geologicznych Podsystem Otwory
Usługa pobierania umożliwiająca pobieranie danych INSPIRE dla Centralnej Bazy Danych Geologicznych Podsystem Otwory. Usługa wykorzystuje interfejs Atom w wersji 1.0 i OpenSearch w wersji 1.1.

Polska usługa pobierania predefiniowanego INSPIRE dla Monitoringu Wód Podziemnych - urządzenia do monitoringu jakościowego
Usługa pobierania umożliwiająca pobieranie danych INSPIRE dla Monitoringu Wód Podziemnych - urządzenia do monitoringu jakościowego. Usługa wykorzystuje interfejs Atom w wersji 1.0 i OpenSearch w wersji 1.1.

Polygon inventory of 12,838 Asia Summer Monsoon (ASM) Triggered landslides in Nepal (NERC Grant NE/L002582/1)
This is a polygon .shp file of 12,838 Asia Summer Monsoon (ASM) - triggered landslides that occurred across a ~45,000 km2 region of central-eastern Nepal in the period 1988 - 2018. This inventory includes the landslide locations, perimeters (Length field), areas and pre-/post- monsoon season satellite image dates used to map each landslide. Note, landslides were not mapped in the years 2011 and 2012 due to scan line errors in Landsat 7 imagery. These landslides were mapped for a range of purposes, from conducting landslide susceptibility assessments, to investigating landslide processes and preconditioning.

Polygon inventory of 12,920 Asia Summer Monsoon (ASM) Triggered landslides in Nepal (NERC Grant NE/L002582/1)
This is a polygon .shp file of 12,920 Asia Summer Monsoon (ASM) - triggered landslides that occurred across central-eastern Nepal in the period 1988 - 2018. This inventory includes the landslide locations, perimeters (Length field), areas and pre-/post- monsoon season satellite image dates used to map each landslide.Note, landslides were not mapped in the years 2011 and 2012 due to scan line errors in Landsat 7 imagery. These landslides were mapped for a range of purposes, from conducting landslide susceptibility assessments, to investigating landslide processes and preconditioning.

Polygon inventory of 183 landslides mapped across Langtang Valley, Nepal (NERC Grant NE/L002582/1)
This is a polygon shapefile inventory of 183 coseismic and climate-triggered landslides in the south-western portion of Langtang Valley Nepal. All mapped landslides were those visible in the landscape during the period 2017 – 2018. Landslides were mapped using a combination of field and remote sensing methodologies (see lineage). The inventory includes the landslide locations, perimeters (Length field), areas, types, and whether a given landslide was mapped in the field or remotely. These landslides were mapped for a range of purposes, from conducting landslide susceptibility assessments, to investigating landslide processes and preconditioning.

Polygon inventory of 481 landslides mapped along the Arniko Highway, Nepal (NERC Grant NE/L002582/1)
Polygon shapefile including 481 coseismic and climate triggered landslides mapped along the Arniko Highway, Nepal, using a combination of field mapping and remote sensing. All mapped landslides were those visible in the landscape during the period 2017 – 2018. Landslides were mapped using a combination of field and remote sensing methodologies (see lineage). The inventory includes the landslide locations, perimeters (Length field), areas, types (for field mapped landslides), and whether a given landslide was mapped in the field or remotely (source field). These landslides were mapped for a range of purposes, from conducting landslide susceptibility assessments, to investigating landslide processes and preconditioning.

Polymetallic Nodules
The Geological Survey Ireland (GSI), as partner and Work Package 7 (Minerals) leader of EMODnet Geology Phase III, are compiling information on Polymetallic nodules. EMODnet partners are submitting the spatial extent of mapped polymetallic nodules and existing information; here you can view data collated thus far. The information presented here are of mapped extents of polymetallic nodules within participating surveys national Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ). Polymetallic nodules are also known as manganese nodules. These ferromanganese concretions comprise mainly iron and ferromanganese oxides, with accessory minerals such as cobalt, copper and nickel, zinc, vanadium, platinum and molybdenum.

Polymetallic Nodules (points)
The Geological Survey Ireland (GSI), as partner and Work Package 7 (Minerals) leader of EMODnet Geology Phase III, are compiling information on Polymetallic nodules. EMODnet partners are submitting the spatial extent of mapped polymetallic nodules and existing information; here you can view data collated thus far. The information presented here are of mapped extents of polymetallic nodules within participating surveys national Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ). Polymetallic nodules are also known as manganese nodules. These ferromanganese concretions comprise mainly iron and ferromanganese oxides, with accessory minerals such as cobalt, copper and nickel, zinc, vanadium, platinum and molybdenum.

Polymetallic Sulphides
The GSI, as partner and Work Package 7 Minerals leader of EMODnet Geology Phase II, are compiling information on Polymetallic sulphides PMS. EMODnet partners are submitting mapped PMS locations and existing information, here you can view data collated thus far. The PMS information presented here are of mapped PMS locations. Also known as Volcanogenic Massive Sulfides (VMS), Seafloor Massive Sulfides (SMS) and Black Smokers, PMS are base metal sulfur-rich mineral deposits. They occur along the earth’s major tectonic belts at spreading centres, as well as in intraplate regions where islands and seamounts are formed.

Pore-Scale Dissolution by CO2 Saturated Brine in a Multi-Mineral Carbonate at Reservoir Conditions: Impact of Physical and Chemical Heterogeneity
The datasets contain 40 time-resolved segmented X-ray micro-tomographic images showing mineral dissolution of carbonate rock samples containing dolomite and calcite via CO2 acidified brine fluid flow at reservoir conditions. The tomographic images were acquired at a voxel-resolution of 5.2 µm and time-resolution of 33 minutes. The data were collected with lab based microCT, with an aim of investigating the influences of rock mineral and physical heterogeneity on dissolution patterns and changes to dynamic rock properties at the pore-scale. Further details of the experimental methodology can be found in Al-Khulaifi et al. (2019). These time-resolved tomographic images can be used to validate pore-scale multimineral reactive transport models.

Pore-scale dynamics and the multiphase Darcy law
A pore-scale experimental investigation of microscopic steady-state flow during co-injection from very low to high flow rates in the pore space of a sandstone is applied using 4D synchrotron X-ray micro-tomography to advance our understanding of flow regimes. We report the results of micro-CT imaging experiments directly visualizing the simultaneous flow of both a wetting and a non-wetting fluid through a Bentheimer sandstone, at pore-scale resolution. For small flow rates, both fluids flow through unchanging, distinct, bicontinuous 3D pathways. At higher flow rates, however, the non-wetting fluid continually breaks up into discrete ganglia; these are then advected through the medium. We propose that the non-wetting fluid breaks up when the sum of the viscous forces exerted by the wetting and the non-wetting fluids exceed the capillary forces at the pore scale.

Pore scale modeling of drainage displacement patterns in association with geological sequestration of CO2
The data include the following: 1. Simulation input files (parameters used in free energy Lattice Boltzmann simulations). 2. Results from these simulations and the corresponding analysis, as presented in the manuscript "Pore scale modeling of drainage displacement patterns in association with geological sequestration of CO2". Free energy lattice Boltzmann method: A thermodynamically consistent numerical scheme to solve the hydrodynamic equations of motion, associated with two-phase flow at the pore-scale. Simulations were accelerated by using multiple general-purpose graphics processing units (GPGPUs).

Pore Scale Observations of Trapped CO2 in Mixed-Wet Carbonate Rock: Applications to Storage in Oil Field
We investigated the physical basis of this weakened trapping using pore scale observations of supercritical CO2 in mixed-wet carbonates. The wetting alteration induced by oil provided CO2-wet surfaces that served as conduits to flow. In situ measurements of contact angles showed that CO2 varied from nonwetting to wetting throughout the pore space, with contact angles ranging 25° <θ< 127°; in contrast, an inert gas, N2, was nonwetting with a smaller range of contact angle 24° <θ< 68 °. Observations of trapped ganglia morphology showed that this wettability allowed CO2 to create large, connected, ganglia by inhabiting small pores in mixed-wet rocks. The connected ganglia persisted after three pore volumes of brine injection, facilitating the desaturation that leads to decreased trapping relative to water-wet systems. This data is associated with this open access publication: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2016, 50, 18, 10282-10290. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b03111.

Porosity of core samples SSK111464 and SSK111465 calculated using SEM images and Fiji software (NERC grant NE/R018006/1)
Porosity of core samples SSK111464 (sandstone) and SSK111465 (shale) calculated using backscatter electron SEM images of carbon coated thin sections processed in ImageJ Fiji software. 85 images of SSK111464 (sandstone) used and 74 images of SSK111465 (shale) at various magnifications. Core samples from UKGEOS Glasgow Observatory, borehole GGC01. Samples and data are derived from the UK Geoenergy Observatories Programme funded by the UKRI Natural Environment Research Council and delivered by the British Geological Survey.

Portuguese Hydrogeological Resources Database
The Portuguese HydroGeological Resources Database provides geological and hydrogeological information for drill holes, wells, springs and boreholes

Portuguese HydroGeological Resources Database (WFS)
This download service provides access to geological and hydrogeological information for drill holes, wells, springs and boreholes

Portuguese HydroGeological Resources Database (WMS)
This view service provides access to geological and hydrogeological information for drill holes, wells, springs and boreholes

Portuguese Mineral Occurrences and Resources Information System - SIORMINP
The Portuguese Mineral Occurrences and Resources Information System (SIORMINP) provides access to geoscientific, technical and economic information on occurrences, reserves and resources, associated commodities, geology, mines, mining activities, mining wastes and areas with mining potential known in mainland Portugal.

Portuguese Mineral Occurrences and Resources Information System - SIORMINP (WFS)
This download service provides access to information related to the mineral occurrences, reserves and resources, associated commodities, geology, mines, mining activities, wastes and areas with mining potential of Portugal mainland. Moreover, this information is the result, improvement and adaptation of SIORMINP to the data structure model and vocabularies used in European projects, namely Eurogeosource, Promine, Minerals4EU, ProSUM and Mintell4EU, according to INSPIRE Directive requirements.

Portuguese Mineral Occurrences and Resources Information System - SIORMINP (WMS)
This view service provides access to information related to the mineral occurrences, reserves and resources, associated commodities, geology, mines, mining activities, wastes and areas with mining potential of Portugal mainland. Moreover, this information is the result, improvement and adaptation of SIORMINP to the data structure model and vocabularies used in European projects, namely Eurogeosource, Promine, Minerals4EU, ProSUM and Mintell4EU, according to INSPIRE Directive requirements.

Post-exploration monitoring of groundwater results on Polish shale gas sites
The dataset contains results of field measurements (temperature, pH, conductivity, redox potential, oxygen content) of groundwater and samples collection details as well as the results of laboratory analysis of the set of dissolved and gaseous parameters performed within the environmental monitoring campaign on 3 Polish shale gas sites where exploration activities including hydraulic fracturing were conducted in 2010-2016 period.

Post-exploration monitoring of soil gas results on Polish shale gas sites
The dataset contains details of field collection of soil gas samples with use of Supel Inert Foil gas sampling bags and the results of methane, ethane, carbon dioxide measurements performed within the environmental monitoring campaign in vicinity of abandoned boreholes on 2 Polish shale gas exploration sites where operations including hydraulic fracturing were conducted in 2010-2016 period.

Post voyage analyses from Tasman and Coral Seas 2019 (NERC Grant NE/S01067X/1)
These data are derived from a voyage on Australia’s R/V Investigator, IN2019_v04, ‘Hotspot dynamics in the Coral Sea: connections between the Australian plate and the deep Earth’. The voyage surveyed the Tasmantid and Lord Howe Seamounts in the Tasman and Coral Seas, together with the Louisiade Plateau in the Coral Sea, sailing from Cairns on 7 Aug 2019 and arriving in Brisbane on 3 Sep 2019. The voyage summary is available at This directory includes datasets derived from ship samples and data as part of NERC grant NE/S01067X/1 (e.g., XRF and ICP-MS geochemistry data). Post voyage analyses by Australian collaborators are not included. More details are available in the README file.

Potassium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Potassium (K), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Potential Groundwater Recharge [mm/year]
Long term average (LTA) Potential Groundwater Recharge (GWRpot) for the European domain at 1 km spatial resolution for the period 1981-2010. The LTA GWRpot data set i part of a series of gridded datasets established in the TACTIC project for estimating Potential Groundwater Recharge (GWRpot). The data available are AET, Effective precipitation (Peff=Precipitation-AET), Groundwater Recharge coefficient (Rcoef defined as the ratio: Peff / GWRpot ) The Potential Groundwater Recharge GWRpot = (Precipitation-AET)*Rcoef. The TACTIC series of gridded datasets for estimation of GWRpot included two versions of GWRpot. The current dataset is the GWRpot =Peff*Rcoef. The other is GWRpot_biacorr= Peff_biascorr*Rcoef, adjusted to other Peff estimates from seven national pilots in Europe. Urban areas are masked out and not represented in the gridded dataset. All units are mm/year for the period 1981-2010.

Potential Groundwater Recharge bias corrected [mm/year]
Long term average (LTA) Potential Groundwater Recharge (GWRpot) for the European domain at 1 km spatial resolution for the period 1981-2010. The LTA GWRpot data set i part of a series of gridded datasets established in the TACTIC project for estimating Potential Groundwater Recharge (GWRpot). The data available are AET, Effective precipitation (Peff=Precipitation-AET), Groundwater Recharge coefficient (Rcoef defined as the ratio: Peff / GWRpot ) The Potential Groundwater Recharge GWRpot = (Precipitation-AET)*Rcoef. The TACTIC series of gridded datasets for estimation of GWRpot included two versions of GWRpot. The current dataset is the GWRpot_biacorr= Peff_biascorr*Rcoef, adjusted to other Peff estimates from seven national pilots in Europe. The other is GWRpot =Peff*Rcoef. Urban areas are masked out and not represented in the gridded dataset. All units are mm/year for the period 1981-2010.

Potentially contaminated site
Site which due to its use bears the risk of potentially contaminating the underground.

Potentially karstified zones
Areas with rocks susceptible to karstification

Powder X-ray diffraction data of synthetic materials (metal-doped Fe(II)-silicate) (NERC grant NE/M013014/1)
Dataset of material characterisation (X-ray diffraction) analyses to constrain the nature of materials produced during Fe(II)-silicate precipitation experiments from seawater in the presence of various metals.

Prague PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Prague, Czech Republic. It has been provided by CGG NPA Satellite Mapping as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Praseodymium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Praseodymium (Pr), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

pre-quaternary age
Pre-Quaternary -ageThis web map service shows the chronostratigraphic age of geological units of the seafloor originated earlier than 2,588 Ma from now (pre-Quaternary). International Geological Map of Europe and Adjacent Areas (Asch, 2005). The scale varies between 25,000 and 5 000 000.The data were compiled by BGR from the EMODnet geology partner organisations in the EMODnet Geology project between 2009 and 2021

pre-quaternary faults
This web map service shows faults and structures of geological units of the seafloor originated earlier than 2,588 Ma from now (pre-Quaternary). The data were compiled by BGR from the EMODnet geology partner organisations in the EMODnet Geology project phases I, II and III between 2009 and 2021 and the International Geological Map of Europe and Adjacent Areas (Asch, 2005). The scale varies between 1:200 000 and 1:5 000 000

pre-quaternary lithology
Pre-Quaternary - Lithology. This web map service shows the geological units of the seafloor originated earlier than 2,588 Ma from now (pre-Quaternary). International Geological Map of Europe and Adjacent Areas (Asch, 2005). The scale varies between 25,000 and 5 000 000.The data were compiled by BGR from the EMODnet geology partner organisations in the EMODnet Geology project between 2009 and 2021

Predictive map of clay expansivity risks in Spain at a scale of 1:1,000,000
The Predictive Map of Expansivity Risks of Spanish Clays at a scale of 1:1,000. 000 delimits the clay formations, classifying them into 4 grades according to their expansivity potential: Non-expansive clays or clays dispersed in a non-clay matrix: No or low risk of expansivity; Subordinate expansive clays or clays located in climatic zones without an annual humidity deficit: Low to moderate expansivity risk; Locally predominant expansive clays located in climatic zones with annual moisture deficit: Moderate to high expansivity risk; Predominant expansive clays in areas where expansivity problems have occurred. High to very high expansivity risk. The term expansivity defines the capacity of the soil to undergo volume changes when its moisture conditions are modified, or to generate pressures if expansion is prevented. This map was made by the Geological Survey of Spain (IGME) with the collaboration of the Centro de Estudios y Experimentación de Obras Públicas (CEDEX) in 1986.

Prees-2C Core Scanning Dataset (NERC Grant NE/N018508/1)
A comprehensive core scanning dataset from the Prees-2C borehole. This borehole was drilled onshore in the Cheshire Basin, Shropshire, UK, in November and December 2020 as part of the JET project (Integrated understanding of Early Jurassic Earth system and timescale - https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE 2FN018508 2F1) and principally funded by the ICDP, NERC, and DFG. The approximately 620 m-long Early Jurassic core succession (>99% recovery) mainly comprises mudstone, limestone, and siltstone. The core scanning dataset contains optical images, radiographic images, geophysical and geochemical property data obtained using a Geotek rotating X-ray computed tomography core scanner (RXCT), a Geotek multi-sensor core logger (MSCL-S) and a Cox Analytical Systems XRF core scanner (Itrax MC) at the Core Scanning Facility (CSF) at the British Geological Survey (BGS).

Prees 2B Site Investigation Core Drillers Log (NERC Grant NE/N018508/1)
This document is the drillers log of strata encountered during site investigation work. The log was made in the field during drilling at Prees, Shropshire on 8th to 10th January 2020. The log includes basic information on lithology and drilling equipment used and depths of the individual core runs.

Pressure effect on anelasticity of pyrope. (NERC grant NE/K002902/1)
Radiographic images of pyrope samples synthesised at pressures of 4-15 GPa, all collected at 2.5GPa and temperatures from 773 to 1573K. The samples are deformed sinusoidally at strains of up to 5 mimcrostrain and periods from 10s to 360s – 10 frames of images were collected per cycle for a total of 1000 frames. Data collected at NSLS X17B2 using the deformation-DIA press until its closure, thereafter collected at the replacement beamline at APS using the same press. These data are currently being prepared for publication. Similar images were collected on polycrystalline San Carlos Olivine samples either dry or wet to investigate the effect of water on grain boundary strength and the data are also archived here.

Primary mineral resources of W.Balkan
West Balkan Mineral Register provides key information about mineral deposits of Albania, BIH, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia

Primary mineral resources of W.Balkan service
West Balkan Mineral Register provides key information about mineral deposits of Albania, BIH, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia

Prime geological data - deep mine coal
Prime Geological Data resulting from deep underground coal exploration and exploitation produced by the British Coal Board and/or its precursors. The collection dates back to the 18th century and covers all the British coal mining areas and includes borehole site plans, borehole logs, analyses and geophysical data etc. Apart from primary data relating to past and current collieries and for future prospects the information includes reports, interpretations and records of research. The majority of the collection was deposited with the National Geological Records Centre by the Coal Authority in July 2001.

Probabilistic models of earthquake location and velocity structure beneath New Ollerton, UK
The models are probabilistic inferences of earth structure and earthquake location based around travel times of P and S waves recorded at seismic stations above New Ollerton, Nottinghamshire, UK. For each point in the subsurface, we present many different values of the P- and S-wave velocity which are compatible with the data. Likewise, we present many event locations for each earthquake included in the dataset. These different models represent the posterior probability distribution respectively for the subsurface velocity and earthquake locations.

Probabilistic models of earthquake location and velocity structure beneath Preston New Road, UK
The models are probabilistic inferences of earth structure and earthquake location based around travel times of P and S waves recorded at seismic stations above Preston New Road, Lancashire, UK. For each point in the subsurface, we present many different values of the P- and S-wave velocity which are compatible with the data. Likewise, we present many event locations for each earthquake included in the dataset. These different models represent the posterior probability distribution respectively for the subsurface velocity and earthquake locations.

Process performance indexed evaluation of ILs for CO2 capture.
UKCCSRC Call 2 Project C2-199. Datasheet providing detailed stream information pertaining to an Ionic Liquids (IL)-based CCS process. This data arises from a process model developed at Imperial College London.

Processed InSAR images over Fentale Volcano, Main Ethiopian Rift (NERC grant NE/L01372X/1)
This data set contains 119 unwrapped and geocoded inteferograms derived from Cosmo-SkyMed (CSK) SAR scenes aquired over the Northen Main Ethiopian Rift between June 2014 and December 2015. This data set also contains displacement time series derived from processed CSK and Sentinel-1 inteferograms at the locations specified in the accompanying README files

Processed InSAR images over the volcanoes of the East African Rift (NERC Grant NE/L013649/1)
This data set contains a set of 20,740 unwrapped, geocoded interferograms derived from Sentinel-1 InSAR scenes processed over 63 volcanoes within the East African Rift system. A full description of the dataset is provided in the accompanying READMe file. This data set was first published in Albino, F. & Biggs, J. (2020). Magmatic processes in the east African rift system: Insights from a 2015-2020 Sentinel-1 InSAR survey, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems.

Processed SAR Data over Erta 'Ale Volcano, Afar, Ethiopia (NERC grant NE/L013649/1)
This dataset contains 204 ascending and 300 descending Sentinel-1 geocoded unwrapped interferograms and coherence, and 70 ascending and 102 descending Re-sampled Single Look Complex (RSLC) images for each acquisition date. This data set also includes the original size Digital Elevation Model (DEM) used during InSAR processing. Data used by: Moore et al, 2019, “The 2017 Eruption of Erta 'Ale Volcano, Ethiopia: Insights into the Shallow Axial Plumbing System of an Incipient Mid-Ocean Ridge”.

Processed SAR interferograms (NERC grant NE/N011791/1)
Processed SAR interferograms for the Wells, Nevada earthquake. Grant abstract: How do earthquakes happen? Understanding the nature of earthquakes is a key fundamental question in Geociences that holds many implications for society. Earthquakes are typically associated with a sudden release of energy that has slowly accumulated over hundreds to thousands of years, being strongly controlled by friction in faults buried several kilometers beneath our feet under quite extreme conditions. For example, the amount of heat produced in just a few seconds is such that it can dramatically change the nature of the fault zone near the sliding surface. Moreover, there is abundant evidence of substantial frictional weakening of faults (i.e., fault strength weakens with increasing slip or slip rate) during earthquakes. However, there are still many open questions related to earthquake source processes: How similar are earthquakes in different temperature-pressure conditions? What is the earthquake's energy budget, which controls the intensity of ground motions? What are the physical mechanisms responsible for fault weakening? Recent progress in seismological imaging methods, theoretical fracture mechanics and rupture dynamics simulations can help solve these questions. Huge volumes of freely available seismic and geodetic data from around the world now allow the routine calculation of earthquake models where earthquakes are typically described as single space-time points. Time is now ripe for systematically building robust, more detailed seismic models bearing information on earthquake's physics by using recently developed sophisticated modelling tools along with high-quality images of the 3-D Earth's interior structure enabled by high performance computing facilities. Moreover, it is now possible to model ruptures theoretically in detail using both analytical fracture mechanics calculations and numerical rupture dynamics simulations, and, for example, estimate the fault temperature during the rupture process, which is the most direct way to quantify friction. However, systematic quantitative links between these calculations and seismological observations are still lacking. This project addresses these issues through a coordinated effort involving seismology and rock mechanics aiming at estimating fault temperature rise during earthquakes from new macroscopic seismic source models. We will use advanced seismic source imaging methods to build a new set of robust kinematic, static and dynamic earthquake source parameters for a large selected set of global earthquakes (e.g., average fault length, width, rupture speed and time history, stress drop, radiated and fracture energy). These solutions will then be used as input parameters to estimate fault temperature using analytical and numerical rupture dynamics calculations. This will lead to an improved understanding of how local fault processes occurring at scales from few microns to tens of centimetres translate into macroscopic seismological properties, how energy is partitioned during earthquakes and which are the mechanisms responsible for fault weakening. Ultimately this project will shed new light on many basic questions in earthquake science such as the similarity of earthquakes in different P-T conditions and the potential geological record left by ruptures (e.g., melt). More broadly, this project will benefit hazard models and any studies relying on accurate earthquake source parameters such as studies in seismic tomography, active tectonics and microseismicity (e.g., associated with hydraulic fracturing).

Processed seismic data and ERT inversion models used in the estimation of injected masses for the Ketzin CO2 pilot project for the years 2009 and 2012
Datasets are grouped in different levels. Two main levels exist. Raw data includes processed seismic data and ERT inversion results. Seismic mass estimation relies on amplitude differences and timeshifts. ERT inversion results have been converted from VTK. • Raw *Seismic - 2009: Two datasets for Amplitude differences and Timeshifts - 2012: Two datasets for Amplitude differences and Timeshifts *ERT - 2009: One dataset with [x,y,z,Resistivity,Volume,Active] - 2012: One dataset with [x,y,z,Resistivity,Volume,Active] • Processed *Seismic - Mass_2009 - Mass_2012 * ERT - Gridded_2009 - Gridded_2012 - Seismic_ERT_Mesh_1x1 - Seismic_ERT_Mesh_1x1_CDP_Adjusted_6.25m - Seismic_ERT_Mesh_1x1_CDP_Adjusted_12.5m The dataset was created within SECURe project (Subsurface Evaluation of CCS and Unconventional Risks) - https://www.securegeoenergy.eu/. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 764531 (ENER/H2020/764531/SECURe).

Processed seismograms from the Azores (NERC grant NE/N011791/1)
Observed global seismograms used to study earthquakes in the Azores. The seismograms have been processed and then have been used to perform source inversions of the events.

Processes governing semi-metal - PGE linkage in crustal magmatic systems: opportunities for discovery and recovery (NERC grant NE/L002191/1)
Publications linked to the Grant: Holwell DA, Keays RR, McDonald I and Williams MR. 2015. Extreme Enrichment of Se, Te, PGE and Au in Cu sulfide microdroplets: evidence from LA-ICP-MS analysis of sulfides in the Skaergaard Intrusion, East Greenland Contribution to Mineralogy and Petrology. doi: 10.1007/s00410-015-1203-y. 2) Smith JW, Holwell DA, McDonald I, Boyce AJ. 2016. The application of S isotopes and S/Se ratios in determining ore-forming processes of Magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide deposits: a cautionary case study from the northern Bushveld Complex Ore Geology Reviews, 73, 148–174 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2015.10.022. Jenkin GRT, Al-Bassam AZM, Harris, RC, Abbott, AP, Smith DJ, Holwell DA, Chapman RJ and Stanley CJ. 2015. The application of Deep Eutectic Solvent Ionic liquids for environmentally friendly dissolution and recovery of precious metals. Minerals Engineering, doi: 10.1016/j.mineng.2015.09.026. Hughes, H. S.R., McDonald, I., Faithfull, J. W., Upton, B. G..J., and Loocke, M. (2016) Cobalt and precious metals in sulphides of Peridotite Xenoliths and inferences concerning their distribution according to geodynamic environment: a case study from the Scottish lithospheric mantle. Lithos, 240-3, pp. 202-227. doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2015.11.007. Abbott, A.P., Harris, R.C., Holyoak, F., Frisch, G., Hartley, J. and Jenkin, G.R., 2015. Electrocatalytic recovery of elements from complex mixtures using Deep Eutectic solvents. Green Chemistry, 17(4), pp.2172-2179. DOI: 10.1039/C4GC02246G

Product characterisation for the reductive rejuvenation of waste amine solvents from carbon capture
UKCCSRC Call 2 Project C2-189. The data, which was produced as a result of a UK CCSRC Call 2 funded project, consists of the GC-MS characterisation results for the products collected from the rejuvenation tests of degraded amine sorbents from carbon capture and related model degradation compounds. The examined amine-based sorbent samples included one heavily degraded industrial MEA solvent, one degraded solid-supported polyethyleneimine sample and 6 model MEA degradation compounds (N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediamine, glycylglycine, 2-Oxazolidinone, 1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazolidinone, 1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-imidazole, N-Acetylethanolamine. Novel reductive approaches, which were investigated as a potential means for rejuvenating the degraded amine sorbents and where the samples for characterisation were produced, included catalytic hydrogenation, hydrous pyrolysis and hydropyrolysis with platinum, nickel and molybdenum as the catalysts used. The dataset also contains some preliminary CO2 absorption test results for a degraded MEA solvent before and after rejuvenation with hydrous pyrolysis using a continuous reactor. Full technical details of the research are contained in the final report submitted to UK CCSRC.

Profile line for the cross section through the 3D model used for the assessment of unconventional hydrocarbons
Two profiles are shown. The first is an ordinary cross section through the the 3D model. The second (along the same line) shows the amount of petroleum generated in the shales selected for this study. Further information is found in the report,GARAH WP2: 3D Pilot Study – Unconventionals,

Project field notebook photos, NERC grant Tellurium and Selenium Cycling and Supply (NE/M010953/1)
Field notebook photos and scans for NERC grant Tellurium and Selenium Cycling and Supply. Various sites in Ireland, Scotland, England, North Wales, Norway, Utah, Colorado and Wyoming.

ProMine OGC Web Service
ProMine web service: http://promine.gtk.fi/

Propagator - EPSRC project: Development of Unified Experimental and Theoretical Approach to Predict Reactive Transport in Subsurface Porous Media
EPSRC grant EP/L012227/1: Development of Unified Experimental and Theoretical Approach to Predict Reactive Transport in Subsurface Porous Media. The effect of pore-scale heterogeneity on non-Darcy flow behaviour is investigated by means of direct flow simulations on 3-D images of Estaillades carbonate. The critical Reynolds number indicating the cessation of the creeping Darcy flow regime in Estaillades carbonate is two orders of magnitude smaller than in Bentheimer sandstone, and is three orders of magnitude smaller than in the beadpack. It is inferred from the examination of flow field features that the emergence of steady eddies in pore space of Estaillades at elevated fluid velocities accounts for the early transition away from the Darcy flow regime. Also available at https://www.digitalrocksportal.org/projects/10, DOI:10.17612/P73W2C. Further details can be found in Muljadi et al., Advances in Water Resources (2015), URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.05.019.

Property Subsidence Assessment dataset
The property subsidence assessment dataset provides an understanding of the shrink-swell hazard at both the individual property and/or postcode level for England and Wales. It builds upon the BGS GeoSure shrink-swell data by mapping the hazard to the individual building polygon and considering the other susceptibility factors of building type, foundation depth, and drainage and tree proximity. The data consist of GIS building polygons with an overall susceptibility to subsidence score between 1-100. Scores are also classified from non-plastic to very high. Each building polygon is also scored from 1-10 for each subsidence factor (geology, foundation, drainage, building type, building storey and tree proximity). Postcode data is also available as a table showing the ‘average’ PSA score for all buildings within the postcode. The identification of shrink-swell related subsidence prone areas, alongside the inclusion of potential sources to exacerbate these phenomena, can better inform insurers and homeowners and form the basis to make decisions concerning prevention and remediation. The product enhances geological information obtained from GIP (BGS GeoSure Insurance Product) and GeoSure via the inclusion of the crucial shrink-swell susceptibility factors (proximity to trees and foundation depth). This therefore allows the derivation of a risk element for the housing stock at Building level, which is then generalised to Postcode level. BGS GeoSure - a series of GIS digital maps identifying areas of potential natural ground movement hazard in Great Britain

Property Subsidence Assessment dataset 2022
The BGS Property Subsidence Assessment (PSA) dataset provides insurers and homeowners access to a better understanding of the shrink-swell hazard at both the individual property and/or postcode level for England and Wales. It builds upon the GeoSure shrink-swell data by mapping the hazard to the individual building polygon and considering the other susceptibility factors of building type, foundation depth, and drainage and tree proximity. The user receives GIS building polygons with an overall susceptibility to subsidence score between 1-100. Scores are also classified from non-plastic to very high. Each building polygon is also scored from 1-10 for each subsidence factor (geology, foundation, drainage, building type, building storey and tree proximity). Postcode data is also available as a table showing the ‘average’ PSA score for all buildings within the postcode. The identification of shrink-swell related subsidence prone areas, alongside the inclusion of potential sources to exacerbate this phenomena, can better inform insurers and homeowners and form the basis to make decisions concerning prevention and remediation. The product enhances geological information obtained from GIP and GeoSure via the inclusion of the crucial shrink-swell susceptibility factors (proximity to trees and foundation depth). This therefore allows the derivation of a risk element for the housing stock at Building level, which is then generalised to Postcode level.

Prospecting.no
Prospecting.no is a map service created by the Geological Survey of Norway (NGU) and the Directorate of Mining. It provides: • Information on Norwegian mineral resources available to mining and exploration companies, prospectors and other users. • Easy access to a variety of information from various sources; mineral resources, geology and geophysics (Geological Survey of Norway), exploration and exploitation licenses (Directorate of Mining), protected areas (Norwegian Environment Agency) and topography (Norwegian Mapping Authority). • Map-views of ore deposits, linked to the mineral resource database at NGU. The database contains information, in variable detail on about 8.300 ore deposits/occurrences; including field descriptions, analytical data and references.

Protected deposit areas
Database contains Information about protection identified and undiscovered reserved mineral deposits and resources in the Czech Republic, that must be respected in Urban Planning Documentation (ÚPD).

Protected deposit areas
Open dataset contains Information about protection identified and undiscovered reserved mineral deposits and resources (according § 16-19 of the Act No. 44/1988, Mining Act) in the Czech Republic.
These areas must be respected in the Urban Planning Documentation.

Protected territories for special intervention into the Earth’s crust
Spatial layer provides data about the Protected territories for special intervention into the Earth’s crust. It includes (according to §34 of Act 44/1988 Coll.) underground storages, underground depository of radioactive and other waste and industrial use of the Geothermal energy.

Protected territories for special intervention into the Earth’s crust
Open dataset contains Information about the Protected territories for special intervention into the Earth’s crust in the territory of the Czech Republic. It includes (according to §34 of Act No. 44/1988 Coll., Mining Act) underground storages, underground depository of radioactive and other waste and industrial use of the Geothermal energy. These areas must be respected in the Urban Planning Documentation.

Provenance of Nicobar Fan sediments from IODP Expedition 362, offshore Sumatra (NERC grant NE/P016618/1)
Detrital zircon age data, details of Expedition 362 samples . For more information see published report, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.07.019 IODP Sites U1480–U1481, located on the Indian oceanic plate, east of the NinetyEast Ridge and west of the north Sumatran subduction margin Site U1480 ~ 3°2.0447'N 91°36.3481'E 4147.5 Site U1481 ~ 2°45.261'N 91°45.5771'E

Precipitation, for Sarmatian aquifer in Dobrogea de Sud, Romania

PSLNET seismic data (Patras Seismic Laboratory Network)
The Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of Charles University, in cooperation with the University of Patras, operates since 1997 a network of seismographs in western Greece, which are the part of the Greek seismic network (HUSN).

Ptychotomography of Bishop Tuff Zircons (NERC Grant NE/P002498/1)
Nanoscopic (50 < size < 150 nm) magnetic particles embedded within the unaltered interior of mineral crystals like zircons (ZrSiO 4 ) make ideal candidates to record the information about the earth's magnetic field (geodynamo). Information regarding the magnitude of the field can be obtained by measuring the natural remnant magnetization (NRM) of these carriers and further information on the approximate size range of the carriers can be obtained by carrying out thermal remnant magnetization measurements (TRM). However very little is known about the actual morphology and spatial distribution of these carriers in order to understand the fundamental parameters influencing paleomagnetic recording. We propose to image pristine zircons crystals with simple geological histories containing large remnant magnetization using ptychotomography in order to investigate the size, shape and spatial distribution of nano-paleomagnetic carriers. This would also give us an opportunity to fine tune the ptychotomographic setup at I13-coherence branch. This data package consists of 3D maps of Bishop Tuff Zircons, relatively young. The folders contain a stack of .tiff files which can be loaded into imagej, dragonfly, aviso for segmentation purposes.

Public Health England (PHE) - British Geological Survey (BGS) Joint Radon Dataset for England and Wales
The joint PHE-BGS digital radon potential dataset provides the current definitive map of radon Affected Areas in England and Wales. It will also allow an estimate to be made of the probability that an individual property in England and Wales is at or above the Action Level for radon. This information also provides an answer to one of the standard legal enquiries on house purchase in England and Wales, known as CON29 standard Enquiry of Local Authority; 3.13 Radon Gas: Location of the Property in a Radon Affected Area. The radon potential dataset will also provide information on the level of protection required for new buildings under as described in the latest Building Research Establishment guidance on radon protective measures for new buildings (BR 211 2007). This radon potential hazard information for England and Wales is based on Public Health England (PHE) indoor radon measurements and BGS digital geology information. This product was derived from DigMap50 V3.14 and PHE in-house radon measurement data. The indoor radon data is used with the agreement of the PHE. Confidentiality of measurement locations is maintained through data management practices. Access to the data is restricted. This dataset has been superseded by PHE-BGS Joint Radon Potential Dataset For Great Britain. Radon is a natural radioactive gas, which enters buildings from the ground. Exposure to high concentrations increases the risk of lung cancer. The Health Protection Agency recommends that radon levels should be reduced in homes where the annual average is at or above 200 becquerels per cubic metre (200 Bq m-3). This is termed the Action Level. The Health Protection Agency defines radon Affected Areas as those with 1% chance or more of a house having a radon concentration at or above the Action Level of 200 Bq m-3. The dataset was originally developed by BGS with the Health Protection Agency (HPA) which is now part of Public Health England.

Public Health England(PHE) - Geological Survey of Northern Ireland(GSNI) - British Geological Survey(BGS) Joint Indicative Atlas of Radon in Northern Ireland
The joint PHE-GSNI-BGS digital Indicative Atlas of Radon in Northern Ireland presents an overview of the results of detailed mapping of radon potential, defined as the estimated percentage of homes in an area above the radon Action Level. The Indicative Atlas of Radon in Northern Ireland presents a simplified version of the Radon Potential Dataset for Northern Ireland, with each 1-km grid square being classed according to the highest radon potential found within it, so is indicative rather than definitive. The Radon Potential Dataset for Northern Ireland provides the current definitive map of radon Affected Areas in Northern Ireland. The Indicative Atlas of Radon in Northern Ireland is published in Z Daraktchieva, J D Appleton, D M Rees, K A M Adlam, A H Myers, S A Hodgson, N P McColl, G R Wasson and L J Peake, 2015. Indicative Atlas of Radon in Northern Ireland. PHE-CRCE-017, 22 pp. Radon is a natural radioactive gas, which enters buildings from the ground. Exposure to high concentrations increases the risk of lung cancer. Public Health England (PHE) recommends that radon levels should be reduced in homes where the annual average exceed 200 becquerels per cubic metre (200 Bq m-3), the radon Action Level. Public Health England defines radon Affected Areas as those with 1% chance or more of a house having a radon concentration exceeding the Action Level.

Published results on the Hydrate Bearing Effective Sediment (HBES) rock physics model (NERC Grant NE/J020753/1)
This excel spreadsheet contains P-wave and S-wave velocity and attenuation data calculated with a novel rock physics model for hydrate bearing sediments. The model has been published in: Marín-Moreno, H., S. K. Sahoo, and A. I. Best (2017), Theoretical modeling insights into elastic wave attenuation mechanisms in marine sediments with pore-filling methane hydrate, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 122(3), 1835-1847, doi:10.1002/2016JB013577.

Pulleniatina Coiling Data IODP Exp 363 (NERC grant NE/P016375/1)
Pulleniatina U1486 coiling sequence. Grant abstract: This grant supports the participation of UK scientists Professor Paul Pearson in Expedition 363 of the International Ocean Discovery Program which plans to study the history of the 'Indo-Pacific Warm Pool' over the last 15 million years. It includes costs to cover his time while on board ship (2 months at sea) and post-expedition scientific study. Sea surface temperatures exceed 28oC across a huge area of the tropical western Pacific and Indian Oceans. Known as the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP), this area is fundamental to the global atmospheric circulation and hydrologic cycle. The IPWP is intensifying with global warming, but modelling its likely future is challenging. Expedition n363 aims to study its temperature and climatic history over the past 15 million years, including through glacial to interglacial climate cycles and back to the globally warm Miocene epoch. Understanding its past history will help determine if its current temperature is near to its likely maximum or if global warming can cause much greater intensification in the future. Professor Pearson is a specialist in the study of microscopic fossils called planktonic foraminifera. He will study the evolution of the ocean plankton in the region over the study period, in relation to climatic change and sea level fluctuations which greatly affect the distribution of land masses and shallow seas and hence ocean current patterns. The foraminifera are also used to determine the age of the sediments drilled (called biostratigraphy) and providing other expedition scientists with a high quality planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy will be one of the main features of this project. In additional there is a particular focus on an evolutionary lineage of foraminifera called Pulleniatina which has considerable untapped potential for stratigraphic work and also as a case study in the detailed speciation and extinction of a group of plankton. Study of this group will be facilitated by the large populations and varying morphology exhibited by them and because, like snails, they can be left or right handed and the pattern of coiling through time and across space is highly complex and potentially very informative.

Pulleniatina sample weights U1486 (NERC grant NE/P016375/1)
Pulleniatina sample weights U1486. Grant abstract: This grant supports the participation of UK scientists Professor Paul Pearson in Expedition 363 of the International Ocean Discovery Program which plans to study the history of the 'Indo-Pacific Warm Pool' over the last 15 million years. It includes costs to cover his time while on board ship (2 months at sea) and post-expedition scientific study. Sea surface temperatures exceed 28oC across a huge area of the tropical western Pacific and Indian Oceans. Known as the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP), this area is fundamental to the global atmospheric circulation and hydrologic cycle. The IPWP is intensifying with global warming, but modelling its likely future is challenging. Expedition n363 aims to study its temperature and climatic history over the past 15 million years, including through glacial to interglacial climate cycles and back to the globally warm Miocene epoch. Understanding its past history will help determine if its current temperature is near to its likely maximum or if global warming can cause much greater intensification in the future. Professor Pearson is a specialist in the study of microscopic fossils called planktonic foraminifera. He will study the evolution of the ocean plankton in the region over the study period, in relation to climatic change and sea level fluctuations which greatly affect the distribution of land masses and shallow seas and hence ocean current patterns. The foraminifera are also used to determine the age of the sediments drilled (called biostratigraphy) and providing other expedition scientists with a high quality planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy will be one of the main features of this project. In additional there is a particular focus on an evolutionary lineage of foraminifera called Pulleniatina which has considerable untapped potential for stratigraphic work and also as a case study in the detailed speciation and extinction of a group of plankton. Study of this group will be facilitated by the large populations and varying morphology exhibited by them and because, like snails, they can be left or right handed and the pattern of coiling through time and across space is highly complex and potentially very informative.

Qatar Carbonates and Carbon Storage Research Centre (QCCSRC)
The Qatar Carbonates and Carbon Storage Research Centre (QCCSRC), is the result of a 10-year, $70 million strategic collaboration between Imperial College London, Qatar Petroleum, Shell and the Qatar Science and Technology Park, part of Qatar Foundation. We had a collective vision of QCCSRC initiating and maintaining with more than 80 academic staff, postdoctoral researchers and PhD students having been involved with the programme. QCCSRC's expertise takes place across numerous different areas, including geological field studies, experimental laboratory studies to help validate modelling and simulations at molecular to pore to field scales.

Qatar Carbonates and Carbon Storage Research Centre: Doddington Sandstone Computed Tomography Rock Scan - 6.4µm - 161213
The images in this dataset are a sample of Doddington Sandstone from a micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scan acquired with a voxel resolution of 6.4µm. This dataset is part of a study on the effects of Voxel Resolution in a study of flow in porous media. A brief overview of this study summarised from Shah et al 2015 follows. A fundamental understanding of flow in porous media at the pore-scale is necessary to be able to upscale average displacement processes from core to reservoir scale. The study of fluid flow in porous media at the pore-scale consists of two key procedures: Imaging reconstruction of three-dimensional (3D) pore space images; and modelling such as with single and two-phase flow simulations with Lattice-Boltzmann (LB) or Pore-Network (PN) Modelling. Here we analyse pore-scale results to predict petrophysical properties such as porosity, single phase permeability and multi-phase properties at different length scales. The fundamental issue is to understand the image resolution dependency of transport properties, in order to up-scale the flow physics from pore to core scale. In this work, we use a high resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scanner to image and reconstruct three dimensional pore-scale images of five sandstones and five complex carbonates at four different voxel resolutions (4.4ìm, 6.2ìm, 8.3ìm and 10.2ìm, scanning the same physical field of view. S.M.Shah, F. Gray, J.P. Crawshaw and E.S. Boek, 2015. Micro-Computed Tomography pore-scale study of flow in porous media: Effect of Voxel Resolution. Advances in Water Resources July 2015 doi:10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.07.012 We gratefully acknowledge permission to publish and funding from the Qatar Carbonates and Carbon Storage Research Centre (QCCSRC), provided jointly by Qatar Petroleum, Shell, and Qatar Science & Technology Park. Qatar Petroleum remain copyright owners

QEMSCAN(R) analyses on sediments recovered during the IODP Expeditions 372 and 375, Hikurangi Margin (New Zealand) (NERC grant NE/R016615/1)
The data include: 1. Excell spreadsheets from Sites U1517-C; U1518-f; U1519-C. Each spreadsheet contains detailed mineralogical information aquired with QEMSCAN®. 2. QEMSCAN-50 and QEMSCAN-4 images of the analysed samples. 3. Images (png files) of the sediment cores acquired during the IODP Expeditions. 4. A report on the characterisation of gas hydrate bearing sediments at site U1517, by integrating QEMSCAN, core, LWD, and seismic observations.

QICS Data: 2D high-resolution seismic reflection data collected after release stage of CO2 in Ardmucknish Bay (2014)
CO2 was injected into shallow unconsolidated marine sediments in Ardmucknish Bay, Oban. 2D seismic reflection data were collected pre-release (15/05/2012), syn-release (17/05/2012, 18/05/2012, 19/052012, 29/05/2012, 30/05/2012, 20/06/2012) and after release stages (23/04/2014 and 24/04/2014) of CO2 help to better understand the spatial and temporal evolution of free gas anomalies within the overburden. The impact of CO2 on sediment acoustic properties, namely seismic reflectivity and attenuation, was also investigated. This dataset was collected by the National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOCS) and the British Geological Survey (BGS) under the program QICS (Quantifying and monitoring environmental impacts of geological carbon storage) which was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), with support from the Scottish Government. The dataset includes segy files, a presentation which summarises the main results and a map showing the spatial extent of the seismic data collected after gas release. QICS project website: http://www.bgs.ac.uk/qics/home.html. Cevatoglu et al., 2015. Gas migration pathways, controlling mechanisms and changes in sediment acoustic properties observed in a controlled sub-seabed CO2 release experiment. Int J Greenhouse Gas Control. DOI:10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.03.005. NERC grant NE/H013873/1

QICS Data: 2D high-resolution seismic reflection data collected pre-release and syn-release stages of CO2 in Ardmucknish Bay (2012)
CO2 was injected into shallow unconsolidated marine sediments in Ardmucknish Bay, Oban. 2D seismic reflection data were collected pre-release (15/05/2012), syn-release (17/05/2012, 18/05/2012, 19/052012, 29/05/2012, 30/05/2012, 20/06/2012) and after release stages (23/04/2014 and 24/04/2014) of CO2 help to better understand the spatial and temporal evolution of free gas anomalies within the overburden. The impact of CO2 on sediment acoustic properties, namely seismic reflectivity and attenuation, was also investigated. This dataset was collected by the National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOCS) and the British Geological Survey (BGS) under the program QICS (Quantifying and monitoring environmental impacts of geological carbon storage) which was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), with support from the Scottish Government. The dataset includes segy files, a presentation which summarises the main results and a map showing the spatial extent of the seismic data collected after gas release. QICS project website: http://www.bgs.ac.uk/qics/home.html. Cevatoglu et al., 2015. Gas migration pathways, controlling mechanisms and changes in sediment acoustic properties observed in a controlled sub-seabed CO2 release experiment. Int J Greenhouse Gas Control. DOI:10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.03.005. The post-release data is currently restricted. NERC grant NE/H013873/1

QICS Data: Dynamics of rising CO2 bubble plumes in the QICS field experiment measurements
Excel file containing the bubble measurement data. The dynamic characteristics of CO2 bubbles in Scottish seawater are investigated through observational data obtained from the QICS project. Images of the leaked CO2 bubble plume rising in the seawater were captured. This observation made it possible to discuss the dynamics of the CO2 bubbles in plumes leaked in seawater from the sediments. Utilising ImageJ, an image processing program, the underwater recorded videos were analysed to measure the size and velocity of the CO2 bubbles individually. It was found that most of the bubbles deform to non-spherical bubbles and the measured equivalent diameters of the CO2 bubbles observed near the sea bed are to be between 2 and 12 mm. The data processed from the videos showed that the velocities of 75% of the leaked CO2 bubbles in the plume are in the interval 25-40 cm/s with Reynolds numbers (Re) 500-3500, which are relatively higher than those of an individual bubble in quiescent water. The drag coefficient Cd is compared with numerous laboratory investigations, where agreement was found between the laboratory and the QICS experimental results with variations mainly due to the plume induced vertical velocity component of the seawater current and the interactions between the CO2 bubbles (breakup and coalescence). The breakup of the CO2 bubbles has been characterised and defined by Eotvos number, Eo, and Re.

QICS Data: Effect of a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2 in Ardmucknish Bay on microbial activity (2012 - 2014)
The response of the benthic microbial community to a controlled sub-seabed CO2 leak was assessed using quantitative PCR measurements of benthic bacterial, archaeal and cyanobacteria/chloroplast 16S rRNA genes. Similarly, the impact of CO2 release on the abundance of benthic bacterial and archaeal ammonia amoA genes and transcripts, and also to the abundance of nitrite oxidizer (nirS) and anammox hydrazine oxidoreductase (hzo) genes and transcripts. Samples were taken from four zones (epicentre (zone 1); 25m distant (zone 2), 75m distant (zone 3) and 450m distant (zone 4)) during 6 time points (7 days before CO2 exposure, after 14 and 36 days of CO2 release, and 6, 20 and 90 days after the CO2 release had ended). Changes to the active community of microphytobenthos and bacteria were also assessed before, during and after CO2 release using Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis of cyanobacteria/chloroplast 16S rRNA. Changes to the composition of the active bacterial community was assessed first using Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) of bacterial 16S rRNA. In depth comparisons of possible changes to the active bacterial community at zone 1 and 4 before, during and immediately after the CO2 release was performed using 16S rRNA 454 pyrosequencing. This dataset was created by Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML) under the program QICS (Quantifying and monitoring environmental impacts of geological carbon storage) which was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), with support from the Scottish Government. The results are contained in three text files. QICS project website: www.bgs.ac.uk/qics/home.html. Tait et al. (2015) Rapid response of the active microbial community to CO2 exposure from a controlled sub-seabed CO2 leak in Ardmucknish Bay (Oban, Scotland). IJGGC DOI: 10.1016/ijggc.2014.11.021. Watanabe et al. (2015) Ammonia oxidation activity of microorganisms in surface sediment to a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2. IJGGC DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.11.013.

QICS Data: Effect of a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2 on the biogeochemistry of shallow marine sediments, pore waters, and the overlying water (2012-2013)
The potential for leakage of CO2 from a storage reservoir into the overlying marine sediments and into the water column and the impacts on benthic ecosystems are major challenges The potential for leakage of CO2 from a storage reservoir into the overlying marine sediments and into the water column and the impacts on benthic ecosystems are major challenges associated with Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in subseafloor reservoirs. To investigate the consequences of CO2 leakage for the marine environment, a field-scale controlled CO2 release experiment was conducted in shallow, unconsolidated marine sediments. Changes of the chemical composition of the sediments, their pore waters and overlying water column were monitored before, during and up to 1 year after the 37-day long CO2 release from May 2012 to May 2013. In particular this focused on changes in the solid phase (physical properties, major and minor elemental composition, inorganic and organic carbon content), the pore water chemical composition (cations, anions, nutrients and the carbonate system parameters total alkalinity, dissolved inorganic carbon and isotopic signature of DIC) and the water column chemical composition (oxygen, nutrients, total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon). This dataset was collected by the National Oceanography Centre (NOC) under the program QICS (Quantifying and monitoring environmental impacts of geological carbon storage) which was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), with support from the Scottish Government. The results are contained in an Excel file. QICS project website: www.bgs.ac.uk/qics/home.html. Lichtschlag et al. (2014) Effect of a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2 on the biogeochemistry of shallow marine sediments, their pore waters, and the overlying water column, (doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.10.008).

QICS Data: Effect of a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2 on the meiofauna community of shallow marine sediments (2012 - 2013)
The potential for leakage of CO2 from a storage reservoir into the overlying marine sediments and into the water column and the impacts on benthic ecosystems are major challenges associated with Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in subseafloor reservoirs. A field-scale controlled CO2 release experiment was conducted in shallow, unconsolidated marine sediments. Changes were monitored of the chemical composition of the sediments and overlying water column before, during and up to 1 year after the 37-day long CO2 release from May 2012 to May 2013 in Ardmucknish Bay. Meiofaunal samples were collected and meiofauna higher taxa and the nematodes species (where possible) were identified by Plymouth Marine Laboratory. This dataset was collected under the program QICS (Quantifying and monitoring environmental impacts of geological carbon storage) which was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), with support from the Scottish Government. The results are contained in an Excel file. QICS project website: www.bgs.ac.uk/qics/home.html. This data is currently under embargo until publication of the dataset in research article (estimated end of 2015).

QICS Data: Gene expression data of scallops Pecten maximus and mussels Mytilus edulis held in the vicinity of a sub-seabed CO2 release (2012)
The QICS project (Quantifying and Monitoring Potential Ecosystem Impacts of Geological Carbons Storage) was established to improve our understanding of the potential impacts of CO2 release on the environment and to develop tools and best practice for monitoring sub-seabed CCS reservoirs. To monitor the potential impact of a CO2 leak to surficial benthic megafauna, cages of bivalves (the common mussel Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758 and the king scallop Pecten maximus (Linnaeus, 1758)) were deployed at the gas release site and at a reference site in the QICS experiment - both within Ardmucknish Bay, Oban, Scotland. Replicate individuals were sampled at six time points over a 125-day period, which spanned both the 37-day injection and recovery phases of the experiment, in order to establish impacts to molecular physiology. Samples of bivalves were also simultaneously sampled from a reference site within the bay in order to contrast changes in physiology induced by the gas release with naturally variability in the physiological performance of both species. There was no evidence of gene regulation of either selected carbonic anhydrases (CAx genes) or the alpha subunit of sodium potassium ATPAses (ATP1A genes) in individual bivalves collected from the CO2 gas release site, in either species. In the common mussel Mytilus edulis there was only evidence for changes with time in the expression of genes coding for different classes of carbonic anhydrase. It was concluded that the effects of the plume of elevated pCO2 on ion-regulatory gene transcription were negligible in both species. Pratt et al. 2015. No evidence for impacts to the molecular ecophysiology of ion or CO2 regulation in tissues of selected surface-dwelling bivalves in the vicinity of a sub-seabed CO2 release. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control. DOI:10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.10.001. QICS project website: www.bgs.ac.uk/qics/home.html.

QICS Data: Seismic and Multibeam data from Survey 2011/4 in Ardmucknish Bay (14/Jun/2011 to 17/Jun/2011)
This dataset contains data from a marine multibeam and geophysical survey which took place in June 2011 in the Ardmucknish Bay area on board the BGS survey vessel RV White Ribbon. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS) in collaboration with Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS) and National Oceanography Centre (SAMS). QICS (Quantifying and monitoring potential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage) was a scientific research project funded by NERC. The purpose was to collect the data necessary to identify a potential directional drilling route from shore to a submerged gas release point. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using an EM3002D. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were collected using a surface tow boomer. Technical details of the survey are contained in the BGS Report of Survey. Webpage www.bgs.ac.uk/QICS/. NERC Grant. NE/H013962/1.

QICS Data: Seismic and Multibeam data from Survey 2012/5 in Ardmucknish Bay (11/Apr/2012 to 13/Apr/2012)
This dataset contains data from a marine geophysical and multibeam survey which took place in April 2012 in the area of Ardmucknish Bay on board the RV White Ribbon. This was a follow up survey to the previous work carried out in this area in 2011 (2011/4). QICS (Quantifying and monitoring potential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage) was a scientific research project funded by NERC; its purpose was to improve the understanding of the sensitivities of the UK marine environment to a potential leak from a carbon capture storage (CCS) system. The aim of the survey was to assess any affect the drilling of the borehole had on the underlying sediments. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were collected using an Applied Acoustics surface tow boomer (STB). Technical details of the survey are contained in the BGS Report of Survey. Webpage www.bgs.ac.uk/QICS/. NERC Grant NE/H013954/1.

QICS Data: Seismic and Multibeam survey 2012/7 in Ardmucknish Bay (20/Jun/2012 to 22/Jun/2012)
This dataset contains data from a marine geophysical and multibeam survey took place in June 2012 in the area of Ardmucknish Bay on board the RV White Ribbon. This was a follow up survey to the previous work carried out in this area (2011/4 and 2012/5). QICS (Quantifying and monitoring potential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage) was a scientific research project funded by NERC; its purpose was to improve the understanding of the sensitivities of the UK marine environment to a potential leak from a carbon capture storage (CCS) system. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were collected using an Applied Acoustics surface tow boomer (STB). Webpage www.bgs.ac.uk/QICS/. NERC grant NE/H013954/1.

QICS Data: Seismic data from Survey 2014/8 in Ardmucknish Bay (29/Sep/2014 to 03/Oct/2014)
This dataset contains data from a marine geophysical survey which took place on 1st October 2014 in the area of Ardmucknish Bay on board the RV White Ribbon. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS). This was a follow up survey to the previous work carried out in this area (Surveys: 2011/4 and 2012/5, 2012/7) to monitor changes in the geometry of gas charged sediments. QICS (Quantifying and monitoring potential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage) was a scientific research project funded by NERC; its purpose was to improve the understanding of the sensitivities of the UK marine environment to a potential leak from a carbon capture storage (CCS) system. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were collected using an Applied Acoustics surface tow boomer (STB). Webpage www.bgs.ac.uk/QICS/.

QICS Paper Gas migration pathways, controlling mechanisms and changes in sediment acoustic properties observed in a controlled sub-seabed CO2 release experiment
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a key technology to potentially mitigate global warming by reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from industrial facilities and power generation that escape into the atmosphere. To broaden the usage of geological storage as a viable climate mitigation option, it is vital to understand CO2 behaviour after its injection within a storage reservoir, including its potential migration through overlying sediments, as well as biogeochemical and ecological impacts in the event of leakage. The impacts of a CO2 release were investigated by a controlled release experiment that injected CO2 at a known flux into shallow, under-consolidated marine sediments for 37 days. Repeated high-resolution 2D seismic reflection surveying, both pre-release and syn-release, allows the detection of CO2-related anomalies, including: seismic chimneys; enhanced reflectors within the subsurface; and bubbles within the water column. In addition, reflection coefficient and seismic attenuation values calculated for each repeat survey, allow the impact of CO2 flux on sediment acoustic properties to be comparatively monitored throughout the gas release. CO2 migration is interpreted as being predominantly controlled by sediment stratigraphy in the early stages of the experiment. However, either the increasing flow rate, or the total injected volume become the dominant factors determining CO2 migration later in the experiment. This is a publication in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Peter Taylor et. al. Doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.03.005.

QICS Paper: A novel sub-seabed CO2 release experiment informing monitoring and impact assessment for geological carbon storage
Carbon capture and storage is a mitigation strategy that can be used to aid the reduction of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. This process aims to capture CO2 from large point-source emitters and transport it to a long-term storage site. For much of Europe, these deep storage sites are anticipated to be sited below the sea bed on continental shelves. A key operational requirement is an understanding of best practice of monitoring for potential leakage and of the environmental impact that could result from a diffusive leak from a storage complex. Here we describe a controlled CO2 release experiment beneath the seabed, which overcomes the limitations of laboratory simulations and natural analogues. The complex processes involved in setting up the experimental facility and ensuring its successful operation are discussed, including site selection, permissions, communications and facility construction. The experimental design and observational strategy are reviewed with respect to scientific outcomes along with lessons learnt in order to facilitate any similar future. This is a publication in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Peter Taylor et. al. Doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.09.007.

QICS Paper: Benthic megafauna and CO2 bubble dynamics observed by underwater photography during a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2
In 2012, a controlled sub-seabed release of carbon dioxide (CO2) was conducted in Ardmucknish Bay, a shallow (12 m) coastal bay on the west coast of Scotland. During the experiment, CO2 gas was released 12 m below the seabed for 37 days, causing significant disruption to sediment and water carbonate chemistry as the gas passed up through the sediment and into the overlying water. One of the aims of the study was to investigate how the impacts caused by leakage from geological CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS) could be detected and quantified in the context of natural heterogeneity and dynamics. To do this underwater photography was used to analyze (i) the benthic megafaunal response to the CO2 release and (ii) the dynamics of the CO2 bubble streams, emerging from the seabed into the overlying water column. The frequently observed megafauna species in the study area were Virgularia mirabilis (Cnidaria), Turritella communis (Mollusca), Asterias rubens (Echinodermata), Pagurus bernhardus (Crustacea), Liocarcinus depurator (Crustacea), and Gadus morhua (Osteichthyes). No discernable abnormal behavior was observed for these megafauna, in any of the zones investigated, during or after the CO2 release. Time-lapse photography revealed that the intensity and presence of the CO2 bubble plume was affected by the tides, with the most active bubbling seen at low tides and the larger hydrostatic pressure at high tide suppressing CO2 bubbling from the seabed. This is a publication in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Jun Kita et. al. Doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.11.012.

QICS Paper: Detection and impacts of leakage from sub-seafloor deep geological carbon dioxide storage
Fossil fuel power generation and other industrial emissions of carbon dioxide are a threat to global climate1, yet many economies will remain reliant on these technologies for several decades. Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) in deep geological formations provides an effective option to remove these emissions from the climate system. In many regions storage reservoirs are located offshore, over a kilometre or more below societally important shelf seas6. Therefore, concerns about the possibility of leakage, and potential environmental impacts, along with economics, have contributed to delaying development of operational CCS. Here we investigate the detectability and environmental impact of leakage from a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2. We show that the biological impact and footprint of this small leak analogue (<1 tonne CO2 d-1) is confined to a few tens of metres. Migration of CO2 through the shallow seabed is influenced by near-surface sediment structure, and by dissolution and re-precipitation of calcium carbonate naturally present in sediments. Results reported here advance the understanding of environmental sensitivity to leakage and identify appropriate monitoring strategies for full-scale carbon storage operations. This is a publication in Nature Climate Change, Jerry Blackford et. al. doi:10.1038/nclimate2381

QICS Paper: Detection and monitoring of leaked CO2 through sediment, water column and atmosphere in a sub-seabed CCS experiment
Carbon capture and storage in sub-seabed geological formations (sub-seabed CCS) is currently being studied as a realistic option to mitigate the accumulation of anthropogenic CO2 in the atmosphere. In implementing sub-seabed CCS, detecting and monitoring the impact of the sequestered CO2 on the ocean environment is highly important. The first controlled CO2 release experiment, Quantifying and Monitoring Potential Ecosystem Impacts of Geological Carbon Storage (QICS), took place in Ardmucknish Bay, Oban, in May–September 2012. We applied the in situ pH/pCO2 sensor to the QICS experiment for detection and monitoring of leaked CO2, and carried out several observations. The cabled real-time sensor was deployed close to the CO2 leakage (bubbling) area, and the fluctuations of in situ pH and pCO2 above the seafloor were monitored in a land-based container. The long-term sensor was placed on seafloor in three different observation zones. The sediment pH sensor was inserted into the sediment at a depth of 50 cm beneath the seafloor near the CO2 leakage area. Wide-area mapping surveys of pH and pCO2 in water column around the CO2 leakage area were carried out by using an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) installed with sensors. Atmospheric CO2 above the leakage area was observed by using a CO2 analyzer that was attached to the bow of ship of 50 cm above the sea-surface. The behavior of the leaked CO2 is highly dependent on the tidal periodicity (low tide or high tide) during the CO2 gas release period. At low tide, the pH in sediment and overlying seawater decreased due to strong eruption of CO2 gas bubbles, and the CO2 ascended to sea-surface quickly with a little dissolution to seawater and dispersed into the atmosphere. On the other hand, the CO2 bubbles release was lower at high tide due to higher water pressure, and slight low pH seawater and high atmospheric CO2 were detected. After stopping CO2 gas injection, no remarkable variations of pH in sediment and overlying water column were observed for three months. This is a publication in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Kiminori Shitashima et. al. Doi: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.12.011.

QICS Paper: Detection of CO2 leakage from a simulated sub-seabed storage site using three different types of pCO2 sensors
This work is focused on results from a recent controlled sub-seabed in situ carbon dioxide (CO2) release experiment carried out during May–October 2012 in Ardmucknish Bay on the Scottish west coast. Three types of pCO2 sensors (fluorescence, NDIR and ISFET-based technologies) were used in combination with multiparameter instruments measuring oxygen, temperature, salinity and currents in the water column at the epicentre of release and further away. It was shown that distribution of seafloor CO2 emissions features high spatial and temporal heterogeneity. The highest pCO2 values (~1250 µatm) were detected at low tide around a bubble stream and within centimetres distance from the seafloor. Further up in the water column, 30-100 cm above the seabed, the gradients decreased, but continued to indicate elevated pCO2 at the epicentre of release throughout the injection campaign with the peak values between 400 and 740 µatm. High-frequency parallel measurements from two instruments placed within 1 m from each other, relocation of one of the instruments at the release site and 2D horizontal mapping of the release and control sites confirmed a localized impact from CO2 emissions. Observed effects on the water column were temporary and post-injection recovery took <7 days. A multivariate statistical approach was used to recognize the periods when the system was dominated by natural forcing with strong correlation between variation in pCO2 and O2, and when it was influenced by purposefully released CO2. Use of a hydrodynamic circulation model, calibrated with in situ data, was crucial to establishing background conditions in this complex and dynamic shallow water system. This is a publication in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Dariia Atamanchuk et. al. Doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.10.021.

QICS Paper: Dynamics of rising CO2 bubble plumes in the QICS field experiment. Part 2 – Modelling.
An oceanic two-phase plume model is developed to include bubble size distribution and bubble interactions, applied to the prediction of CO2 bubble plume and CO2 solution dynamics observed from the recent QICS field experiment in the Scottish sea at Ardmucknish Bay. Observations show bubbles form at between 2 and 12 mm in diameter, where the inclusion of the interactions within the simulations brings results of bubble plumes closer to that of the experiment. Under a given leakage flux, simulations show that the bubble size affects the maximum pCO2 dissolved in the water column, while the bubble interactions affect the vertical bubble distribution. The maximum modelled pCO2 increases from a background 360 ìatm to 400, 427 and 443 ìatm as CO2 injection rates increase from 80, 170 to 208 kg/day respectively at low tide. An increase of the leakage rate to 100% of the injection rate shows the maximum pCO2 could be 713 ìatm, approaching the mean pCO2 observed of 740 ìatm during the high leakage component of the experiment, suggesting that the flux may be greater than estimated due to the varied flux and activity across the pockmarks during the leakages. This is a publication in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Peter Taylor et. al. Doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.09.007.

QICS Paper: Dynamics of rising CO2 bubble plumes in the QICS field experiment: Part 1 – The experiment
The dynamic characteristics of CO2 bubbles in Scottish seawater are investigated through observational data obtained from the QICS project. Images of the leaked CO2 bubble plume rising in the seawater were captured. This observation made it possible to discuss the dynamics of the CO2 bubbles in plumes leaked in seawater from the sediments. Utilising ImageJ, an image processing program, the underwater recorded videos were analysed to measure the size and velocity of the CO2 bubbles individually. It was found that most of the bubbles deform to non-spherical bubbles and the measured equivalent diameters of the CO2 bubbles observed near the sea bed are to be between 2 and 12 mm. The data processed from the videos showed that the velocities of 75% of the leaked CO2 bubbles in the plume are in the interval 25-40 cm/s with Reynolds numbers (Re) 500-3500, which are relatively higher than those of an individual bubble in quiescent water. The drag coefficient Cd is compared with numerous laboratory investigations, where agreement was found between the laboratory and the QICS experimental results with variations mainly due to the plume induced vertical velocity component of the seawater current and the interactions between the CO2 bubbles (breakup and coalescence). The breakup of the CO2 bubbles has been characterised and defined by Eötvös number, Eo, and Re. This is a publication in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Nazmi Sellami et. al. Doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.02.011.

QICS paper: Effect of a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2 on biogeochemistry of shallow marine sediments, their pore waters, and overlying water column
Carbon capture and storage is a mitigation strategy that can be used to aid the reduction of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. This process aims to capture CO2 from large point-source emitters and transport it to a long-term storage site. For much of Europe, these deep storage sites are anticipated to be sited below the sea bed on continental shelves. A key operational requirement is an understanding of best practice of monitoring for potential leakage and of the environmental impact that could result from a diffusive leak from a storage complex. Here we describe a controlled CO2 release experiment beneath the seabed, which overcomes the limitations of laboratory simulations and natural analogues. The complex processes involved in setting up the experimental facility and ensuring its successful operation are discussed, including site selection, permissions, communications and facility construction. The experimental design and observational strategy are reviewed with respect to scientific outcomes along with lessons learnt in order to facilitate any similar future. This is a publication in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Peter Taylor et. al. Doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.09.007.

QICS Paper: Impact and recovery of pH in marine sediments subject to a temporary carbon dioxide leak
A possible effect of a carbon dioxide leak from an industrial sub-sea floor storage facility, utilised for Carbon Capture and Storage, is that escaping carbon dioxide gas will dissolve in sediment pore waters and reduce their pH. To quantify the scale and duration of such an impact, a novel, field scale experiment was conducted, whereby carbon dioxide gas was injected into unconsolidated sub-sea floor sediments for a sustained period of 37 days. During this time pore water pH in shallow sediment (5 mm depth) above the leak dropped >0.8 unit, relative to a reference zone that was unaffected by the carbon dioxide. After the gas release was stopped, the pore water pH returned to normal background values within a three-week recovery period. Further, the total mass of carbon dioxide dissolved within the sediment pore fluids above the release zone was modelled by the difference in DIC between the reference and release zones. Results showed that between 14 and 63% of the carbon dioxide released during the experiment could remain in the dissolved phase within the sediment pore water. This is a publication in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Peter Taylor et. al. Doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.09.006.

QICS Paper: Impact of sub-seabed CO2 leakage on macrobenthic community structure and diversity
A sub-seabed release of carbon dioxide (CO2) was conducted to assess the potential impacts of leakage from sub-seabed geological CO2 Capture and Storage CCS) on benthic macrofauna. CO2 gas was released 12 m below the seabed for 37 days, causing significant disruption to sediment carbonate chemistry. Regular macrofauna samples were collected from within the area of active CO2 leakage (Zone 1) and in three additional reference areas, 25 m, 75 m and 450 m from the centre of the leakage (Zones 2, 3 and 4 respectively). Macrofaunal community structure changed significantly in all zones during the study period. However, only the changes in Zone 1 were driven by the CO2 leakage with the changes in reference zones appearing to reflect natural seasonal succession and stochastic weather events. The impacts in Zone 1 occurred rapidly (within a few days), increased in severity through the duration of the leak, and continued to worsen after the leak had stopped. Considerable macrofaunal recovery was seen 18 days after the CO2 gas injection had stopped. In summary, small short-term CCS leakage events are likely to cause highly localised impacts on macrofaunal communities and there is the potential for rapid recovery to occur, depending on the characteristics of the communities and habitats impacted. This is a publication in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Stephen Widdicombe et. al. Doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.01.003.

QICS Paper: Local perceptions of the QICS experimental offshore CO2 release: Results from social science research
This paper explores the social dimensions of an experimental release of carbon dioxide (CO2) carried out in Ardmucknish Bay, Argyll, United Kingdom. The experiment, which aimed to understand detectability and potential effects on the marine environment should there be any leakage from a CO2 storage site, provided a rare opportunity to study the social aspects of a carbon dioxide capture and storage-related event taking place in a lived-in environment. Qualitative research was carried out in the form of observation at public information events about the release, in-depth interviews with key project staff and local stakeholders/community members, and a review of online media coverage of the experiment. Focusing mainly on the observation and interview data, we discuss three key findings: the role of experience and analogues in learning about unfamiliar concepts like CO2 storage; the challenge of addressing questions of uncertainty in public engagement; and the issue of when to commence engagement and how to frame the discussion. We conclude that whilst there are clearly slippages between a small-scale experiment and full-scale CCS, the social research carried out for this project demonstrates that issues of public and stakeholder perception are as relevant for offshore CO2 storage as they are for onshore. Published in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Leslie Mabon et. al. Doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.10.022

QICS Paper: Mapping observations using AUV and numerical simulations of leaked CO2 diffusion in sub-seabed CO2 release experiment at Ardmucknish Bay
A controlled sub-seabed CO2 release experiment (QICS: quantifying and monitoring potential impacts of geological carbon storage) was conducted in Ardmucknish Bay, Scotland, in 2012, to quantify the effect of leaked CO2 on marine environments. In this experiment, CO2 was injected beneath the seafloor, and closely monitored as the CO2 was allowed to leak into the overlying water column. We performed mapping observations using an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) equipped with sensors to monitor physical and chemical conditions in the vicinity of the CO2 leakage. We also numerically simulated the behavior of the low-pH plume caused by the CO2 leakage, within the calculated tidal current in the bay. The results of AUV mapping observations showed that physical and chemical characteristics of the water mass in Ardmucknish bay are sensitive to tidal variations (low or high tide), and the ascent speed of the leaked CO2 bubble and the pH decrease in the vicinity of the CO2 leakage area are predominantly controlled by the tidal phase in the bay. The observations using an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) installed in the AUV indicated that the current in the bay flows westwards at high tide and eastwards at low tide. The simulated tidal current agreed well with the tidal current observed by ADCP. Numerical simulation suggested that the pH decrease due to the leaked CO2 is restricted to the vicinity of the CO2 leakage area, and fluctuates greatly with tidal variations. In flood tide periods, diffusion of the low-pH plume caused by the leaked CO2 is barely detectable because low-pH seawater intrudes into the bay from the bay mouth. This is a publication in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Yoshiaki Maeda et. al. Doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.01.017.

QICS Paper: Marine baseline and monitoring strategies for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage (CCS)
The QICS controlled release experiment demonstrates that leaks of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas can be detected by monitoring acoustic, geochemical and biological parameters within a given marine system. However the natural complexity and variability of marine system responses to (artificial) leakage strongly suggests that there are no absolute indicators of leakage or impact that can unequivocally and universally be used for all potential future storage sites. We suggest a multivariate, hierarchical approach to monitoring, escalating from anomaly detection to attribution, quantification and then impact assessment, as required. Given the spatial heterogeneity of many marine ecosystems it is essential that environmental monitoring programmes are supported by a temporally (tidal, seasonal and annual) and spatially resolved baseline of data from which changes can be accurately identified. In this paper we outline and discuss the options for monitoring methodologies and identify the components of an appropriate baseline survey. This is a publication in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Jerry Blackford et. al. Doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.10.004.

QICS Paper: Modelling Large-Scale CO2 Leakages in the North Sea
A three dimensional hydrodynamic model with a coupled carbonate speciation sub-model is used to simulate large additions of CO2 into the North Sea, representing leakages at potential carbon sequestration sites. A range of leakage scenarios are conducted at two distinct release sites, allowing an analysis of the seasonal, inter-annual and spatial variability of impacts to the marine ecosystem. Seasonally stratified regions are shown to be more vulnerable to CO2 release during the summer as the added CO2 remains trapped beneath the thermocline, preventing outgasing to the atmosphere. On average, CO2 injected into the northern North Sea is shown to reside within the water column twice as long as an equivalent addition in the southern North Sea before reaching the atmosphere. Short-term leakages of 5000 tonnes CO2 over a single day result in substantial acidification at the release sites (up to -1.92 pH units), with significant perturbations (greater than 0.1 pH units) generally confined to a 10 km radius. Long-term CO2 leakages sustained for a year may result in extensive plumes of acidified seawater, carried by major advective pathways. Whilst such scenarios could be harmful to marine biota over confined spatial scales, continued unmitigated CO2 emissions from fossil fuels are predicted to result in greater and more long-lived perturbations to the carbonate system over the next few decades. This is a publication in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Jack J.C. Phelps et. al. Doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.10.013.

QICS Paper: Numerical study of the fate of CO2 purposefully injected into the sediment and seeping from seafloor in Ardmucknish Bay
To quantify the impact of leaked CO2 purposefully stored in subsea geological formations on the marine ecosystem, CO2 gas was injected into sandy sediments in a small bay in Scotland in 2012. Alongside the experiment, a numerical study was conducted to predict CO2 fate in the bay. CO2 may take the form both of the gas and dissolved phases when it seeps out from the seafloor. The bubble CO2 rises in the water column forming bubble plumes and dissolves into the seawater during its ascent. Measurements indicated that approximately 8–15% of the injected CO2 escaped the sediments in the gas phase and no empirical evidence was seen for fluxes in the dissolved phase. Therefore, it is thought that 85–92% of the CO2 remained within the sediments. However, the results of our numerical study suggest that 10–40% of the injected CO2 stayed in the sediment. Apart from unexpected errors in the present numerical simulation, a possible explanation for this discrepancy may be the heterogeneous nature of the sediment and observations limited in time and space. It is also recognised that the CO2 concentration away from the injection site is undetectably small and that the readily detectable signal is confined to a small area in the vicinity of the injection point. This is a publication in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Chiaki Mori et. al. Doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.11.023.

QICS Paper: Optical assessment of impact and recovery of sedimentary pH profiles in ocean acidification and carbon capture and storage research
Available methods for measuring the impact of ocean acidification (OA) and leakage from carbon capture and storage (CCS) on marine sedimentary pH profiles are unsuitable for replicated experimental setups. To overcome this issue, a novel optical sensor application is presented, using off-the-shelf optode technology (MOPP). The application is validated using microprofiling, during a CCS leakage experiment, where the impact and recovery from a high CO2 plume was investigated in two types of natural marine sediment. MOPP offered user-friendliness, speed of data acquisition, robustness to sediment type, and large sediment depth range. This ensemble of characteristics overcomes many of the challenges found with other pH measuring methods, in OA and CCS research. The impact varied greatly between sediment types, depending on baseline pH variability and sediment permeability. Sedimentary pH profile recovery was quick, with profiles close to control conditions 24 h after the cessation of the leak. However, variability of pH within the finer sediment was still apparent 4 days into the recovery phase. Habitat characteristics need therefore to be considered, to truly disentangle high CO2 perturbation impacts on benthic systems. Impacts on natural communities depend not only on the pH gradient caused by perturbation, but also on other processes that outlive the perturbation, adding complexity to recovery. This is a publication in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Ana M. Queirós et. al. Doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.10.004.

QICS Paper: Passive acoustic quantification of gas fluxes during controlled gas release experiments
The detection and quantification of an underwater gas release are becoming increasingly important for oceanographic and industrial applications. Whilst the detection of each individual bubble injection events, with commensurate sizing from the natural frequency of the acoustic emission, has been common for decades in laboratory applications, it is impractical to do this when hundreds of bubbles are released simultaneously, as can occur with large methane seeps, or leaks from gas pipelines or undersea facilities for carbon capture and storage. This paper draws on data from two experimental studies and demonstrates the usefulness of passive acoustics to monitor gas leaks of this level. It firstly shows experimental validation tests of a recent model aimed at inverting the acoustic emissions of gas releases in a water tank. Different gas flow rates for two different nozzle types are estimated using this acoustic inversion and compared to measurements from a mass flow meter. The estimates are found to predict accurately volumes of released gas. Secondly, this paper demonstrates the use of this method at sea in the framework of the QICS project (controlled release of CO2 gas). The results in the form of gas flow rate estimates from bubbles are presented. These track, with good agreement, the injected gas and correlate within an order of magnitude with diver measurements. Data also suggest correlation with tidal effects with a decrease of 15.1 kg d-1 gas flow for every 1 m increase in tidal height (equivalent to 5.9 L/min when converted to standard ambient temperature [25 °C] and absolute pressure [100 kPa] conditions, SATP). This is a publication in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Peter Taylor et. al. Doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.02.008.

QICS Paper: Perceptions of sub-seabed carbon dioxide storage in Scotland and implications for policy: A qualitative study
The geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) offers notable potential, as part of larger carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) processes, to be a significant climate change mitigation technology. This paper challenges the argument often put forward that, due to the greater distances from centres of population, it will be ‘easier’ to garner public and stakeholder support for offshore CO2 storage than onshore. Based on the results of research interviews carried out with stakeholders and informed publics in Scotland, challenges for public and stakeholder acceptance of sub-seabed CO2 storage that may require further policy attention are identified. Whilst existing policy for sub-seabed CO2 storage is cognisant of the need for societal engagement, it may be the case that these regulations may need further reinforcement to ensure future developments are able to address social acceptability issues as fully as possible. The value of taking into account social as well as physical characteristics at the site selection phase, the need for mechanisms to take seriously stakeholder conceptions of uncertainty, and the importance of extending social engagement beyond risk communication are discussed. This is a publication in Marine Policy, Lesley Mabon et. al. doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2013.11.011.

QICS Paper: Phosphorus behavior in sediments during a sub-seabed CO2 controlled release experiment
The CO2 controlled release experiment “Quantifying and Monitoring Potential Ecosystem Impacts of Geological Carbon Storage” (QICS) assessed the impacts of potential CO2 leakage from sub-seabed carbon capture and storage reservoirs to the marine environment. During QICS, CO2 gas was released into shallow sediment in Ardmucknish Bay, Scotland, in the spring and summer of 2012. As part of this project, we investigated the effects of CO2 leakage on sedimentary phosphorus (P), an essential nutrient for marine productivity. We found no statistically significant effects during QICS, as the solid-phase P content in the sediment was constant before, during, and after exposure to CO2. However, laboratory experiments using marine sediment standard materials as well as QICS sediment revealed substantial differences among these different sediment types in their potential for P release during CO2 exposure. Employing the SEDEX sequential extraction technique to determine the sizes of the major P pools in the sediments, we showed that calcium-bound P can be easily released by CO2 exposure, whereas iron-bound P is a major sink of released P. The overall impacts of CO2 leakage on sediment P behavior appear to be low compared to natural variability. This is a publication in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Ayumi Tsukasaki et. al. Doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.12.023.

QICS Paper: Rapid response of the active microbial community to CO2 exposure from a controlled sub-seabed CO2 leak in Ardmucknish Bay (Oban, Scotland)
The response of the benthic microbial community to a controlled sub-seabed CO2 leak was assessed using quantitative PCR measurements of benthic bacterial, archaeal and cyanobacteria/chloroplast 16S rRNA genes. Samples were taken from four zones (epicentre; 25 m distant, 75 m distant and 450 m distant) during 6 time points (7 days before CO2 exposure, after 14 and 36 days of CO2 release, and 6, 20 and 90 days after the CO2 release had ended). Changes to the active community of microphytobenthos and bacteria were also assessed before, during and after CO2 release. Increases in the abundance of microbial 16S rRNA were detected after 14 days of CO2 release and at a distance of 25 m from the epicentre. CO2 related changes to the relative abundance of both major and minor bacterial taxa were detected: most notably an increase in the relative abundance of the Planctomycetacia after 14 days of CO2 release. Also evident was a decrease in the abundance of microbial 16S rRNA genes at the leak epicentre during the initial recovery phase: this coincided with the highest measurements of DIC within the sediment, but may be related to the release of potentially toxic metals at this time point. This is a publication in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Karen Tait et. al. Doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.11.021.

QICS Paper: Response of the ammonia oxidation activity of microorganisms in surface sediment to a controlled sub-seabed release of CO2
The impact of a sub-seabed CO2 leak from geological sequestration on the microbial process of ammonia oxidation was investigated in the field. Sediment samples were taken before, during and after a controlled sub-seabed CO2 leak at four zones differing in proximity to the CO2 source (epicentre, and 25 m, 75 m, and 450 m distant). The impact of CO2 release on benthic microbial ATP levels was compared to ammonia oxidation rates and the abundance of bacterial and archaeal ammonia amoA genes and transcripts, and also to the abundance of nitrite oxidizer (nirS) and anammox hydrazine oxidoreductase (hzo) genes and transcripts. The major factor influencing measurements was seasonal: only minor differences were detected at the zones impacted by CO2 (epicentre and 25 m distant). This included a small increase to ammonia oxidation after 37 days of CO2 release which was linked to an increase in ammonia availability as a result of mineral dissolution. A CO2 leak on the scale used within this study (<1 tonne day-1) would have very little impact to ammonia oxidation within coastal sediments. However, seawater containing 5% CO2 did reduce rates of ammonia oxidation. This was linked to the buffering capacity of the sediment, suggesting that the impact of a sub-seabed leak of stored CO2 on ammonia oxidation would be dependent on both the scale of the CO2 release and sediment type. This is a publication in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Yuji Watanabe et. al. Doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.11.013.

QICS Paper: Review and implications of relative permeability of CO2/brine systems and residual trapping of CO2
The adoption of carbon capture and storage (CCS) as a method of mitigating anthropogenic CO2 emissions will depend on the ability of initial geological storage projects to demonstrate secure containment of injected CO2. Potential leakage pathways, such as faults or degraded wells, increase the uncertainty of geological storage security. CCS as an industry is still in its infancy and until we have experience of industrial scale, long term CO2 storage projects, quantifying leakage event probabilities will be problematic. Laboratory measurements of residual saturation trapping, the immobilisation of isolated micro-bubbles of CO2 in reservoir pores, provides an evidence base to determine the fraction of injected CO2 that will remain trapped in the reservoir, even if a leakage event were to occur. Experimental results for sandstone, the most common target lithology for storage projects, demonstrate that 13–92% of injected CO2 can be residually trapped. Mineralisation, the only other geological trapping mechanism which guarantees permanent trapping of CO2, immobilises CO2 over hundreds to thousands of years. In comparison, residual trapping occurs over years to decades, a timescale which is more relevant to CCS projects during their operational phase and to any financial security mechanisms they require to secure storage permits. This is a publication in International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Neil M. Burnside et. al. doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.01.013.

QICS Paper: Small-scale modelling of physiochemical impacts of CO2 leaked from sub-seabed reservoirs or pipelines within the North Sea and surrounding waters
A two-fluid, small scale numerical ocean model was developed to simulate plume dynamics and increases in water acidity due to leakages of CO2 from potential sub-seabed reservoirs erupting, or pipeline breaching into the North Sea. The location of a leak of such magnitude is unpredictable; therefore, multiple scenarios are modelled with the physiochemical impact measured in terms of the movement and dissolution of the leaked CO2. A correlation for the drag coefficient of bubbles/droplets free rising in seawater is presented and a sub-model to predict the initial bubble/droplet size forming on the seafloor is proposed. With the case studies investigated, the leaked bubbles/droplets fully dissolve before reaching the water surface, where the solution will be dispersed into the larger scale ocean waters. The tools developed can be extended to various locations to model the sudden eruption, which is vital in determining the fate of the CO2 within the local waters. This is a publication in Marine Pollution Bulletin, Marius Dewar et. al. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.03.005.

QICS Paper: The use of scientific diving in support of a novel carbon dioxide release experiment
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a way of possibly reducing impacts from fossil fuel emissions by injecting large volumes of carbon dioxide into appropriate geological formations. Some of the existing and proposed storage sites are below the seabed. In order to better understand the environmental impacts of leaks from a sub-surface marine storage facility and to investigate how leaks or potential leaks could be detected, a world-first experiment consisting of an artificial carbon dioxide release from below the seabed was undertaken in 2012. The need for accurate deployments and re-deployments of measurement equipment, the retrieval of biological and sediment samples within very specific areas of the release site and the in-situ measurement of escaping gas volumes, necessitated an extensive scientific diving program. Diving was also employed to determine the most optimum experimental site prior to the program’s initiation and to map the site prior to the beginning of the experiment. Diving also proved to be an essential tool (through observation, photography and videography) in recording the progress of the experiment and the physical interactions and impacts arising from managing a large multi-partner, multi-discipline research program. This is a publication in Diving for Science 2014: Proceedings of the American Academy for Underwater Sciences 33rd Symposium, Martin D.J. Sayer et. al.

QICS: No evidence for impacts to molecular ecophysiology of ion or CO2 regulation in tissues of selected surface-dwelling bivalves in vicinity of CO2 release
Whilst sub-seabed Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) has the potential to remove a significant proportion of anthropogenic CO2 emissions at source, research is necessary to constrain the environmental impacts of potential future gas leaks from storage reservoirs. The QICS project (Quantifying and Monitoring Potential Ecosystem Impacts of Geological Carbons Storage) was established to improve our understanding of these potential impacts and to develop tools and best practice for monitoring sub-seabed CCS reservoirs. Exposure to increased environmental CO2 has been shown to raise the tissue pCO2 of many marine invertebrate species, leading to tissue acidosis and perturbations in both ion transport and bicarbonate buffering. These disturbances can cause downstream effects, seen as metabolic depression in susceptible organisms, compromising the role of particular species within an ecosystem and even causing the local extinction of species groups. To monitor the potential impact to surficial benthic megafauna, cages of bivalves (the common mussel Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758 and the king scallop Pecten maximus (Linnaeus, 1758)) were deployed at the gas release site and at a reference site—both within Ardmucknish Bay, Oban, Scotland. Replicate individuals were sampled at six time points over a 125-day period, which spanned both the 37-day injection and recovery phases of the experiment, in order to establish impacts to molecular physiology. Samples of bivalves were also simultaneously sampled from a reference site within the bay in order to contrast changes in physiology induced by the gas release with naturally variability in the physiological performance of both species. We present data on changes in the transcription of genes coding for key ionic and carbon dioxide regulatory proteins. There was no evidence of gene regulation of either selected carbonic anhydrases (CAx genes) or the alpha subunit of sodium potassium ATPAses (ATP1A genes) in individual bivalves collected from the CO2 gas release site, in either species. In the common mussel M. edulis there was only evidence for changes with time in the expression of genes coding for different classes of carbonic anhydrase. It was therefore concluded that the effects of the plume of elevated pCO2 on ion-regulatory gene transcription were negligible in both species. Whilst the analysed data from this current study do not constitute an impediment to the continued development of sub-seabed CCS as a climate mitigation strategy, further modelling is necessary to predict the consequences of larger or longer term leaks. Further analysis is also required in order to constrain the potential physiological impacts of gas leaks to benthic infaunal species and understand the mechanism of possible avoidance behaviour recorded in burrowing heart urchins Echinocardium cordatum (Pennant, 1777). This is a publication in QICS Special Issue - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Nicola Pratt et. al. Doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.10.001.

Quaternary deposits of Finland - DigiMP200
The Map of the Quaternary Deposits of Finland at a scale of 1:200.000 contains information about the superficial geology and covers the whole of Finland.

Quaternary deposits summary lithologies across the UK Continental Shelf (2014 Version)
The Quaternary deposits summary lithologies dataset is a digital geological map across the bulk of the UK Continental Shelf (UKCS), for areas up to a water depth of 200 m, which groups the deposits into classes based on similar engineering geology characteristics. The map is derived from (unpublished) BGS 1:1,000,000 scale Quaternary digital geological mapping, so is effective at that scale. The map was produced in 2014 in collaboration with, and co-funded by, The Crown Estate as part of a wider commissioned project to assess seabed geological constraints on engineering infrastructure across the UKCS. The divisions on the map combine the Quaternary deposits into 7 categories of similar strength and lithological variability, each with a ‘Category’ title that summarises their main lithological character: diamict; firm to hard interbedded (layered); firm to hard mud; sand and gravel; soft interbedded; soft mud; undifferentiated. These categories can be used as a basis for assessing, in conjunction with a range of other geological factors, the geological constraints on engineering structures at or close to the seabed. The data are held by the BGS as an ESRI ArcGIS Shapefile.

Quaternary deposits thickness across the UK Continental Shelf (2014 Version)
The Quaternary deposits thickness dataset is a digital geological map across the bulk of the UK Continental Shelf (UKCS), for areas up to a water depth of 200m, which shows the thickness of the deposits over bedrock in three categories: <5m, 5-50m, and >50m Quaternary cover. These depth bands were picked because they represent the horizons that have impact on offshore infrastructure deployment. The map is derived from (unpublished) BGS 1:1000000 scale Quaternary digital geological mapping. The map was produced in 2014 in collaboration with, and co-funded by, The Crown Estate as part of a wider commissioned project to assess seabed geological constraints on engineering infrastructure across the UKCS. The data are held by the BGS as an ESRI ArcGIS Shapefile.

Quaternary geological map of Slovakia – Quaternary genetical (deposits) types, J. Maglay et al., M 1 : 500 000
Geological map of the Quaternary of Slovakia at a scale of 1 : 500 000 compiled by J. Maglay et al. showing different types of Quaternary deposits according to their origin. The map plainly shows the spatial distribution and surface extent of all primary, as well as some selected "transitional" genetic types of Quaternary sedimentary and volcanic rocks in Slovakia. It presents a basic picture of the sequence of their evolution and their patterns of distribution and deposition. A component of the map is a lithostratigraphic classification of the Quaternary of Slovakia.

Quaternary map of Spain at a scale of 1:1,000,000
This 1:1,000,000 scale map shows the Plio-Pleistocene to contemporary deposits classified in 10 geochronological intervals and separated according to their genesis. It also includes glacial, volcanic, karstic, aeolian, coastal, edaphic, palaeontological and prehistoric phenomena.
It has been carried out by the Geological Survey of Spain (then called the GeoMining Technological Institute of Spain) with the collaboration of experts mainly from the academic world and public research centres.
It covers the entire national territory, including the archipelagos, with the exception of Melilla.

Quaternary profile map Flanders 1/200.000
Quaternary profile map of Flanders (Belgium) 1/200.000.

Quaternary Tectonics Lines (100k)
Quaternary submarine tectonic lines in geologically active areas, mapped by various national and regional mapping projects and recovered in the literature. Note: blank areas do not necessarily correspond to no occurrence.

Quaternary Tectonics Lines (250k)
Submarine tectonic lines, mapped by various national and regional mapping projects and recovered in the literature. Note: Project is ongoing and the work is in progress; blank areas do not necessarily correspond to no occurrence.

Quaternary – age This web map service shows the chronostratigraphic age of geological units of the seafloor originated in the Quaternary period (i.e. 2,588 Ma from now until today). The data were compiled by BGR from the EMODnet geology partner organisations in the EMODnet Geology project phases II and III between 2009 and 2021. The scale varies between 20 000 and 2 500 000.

This web map service shows the rock type (lithology) of geological units of the seafloor originated in the Quaternary period (i.e. 2,588 Ma from now until today). The data were compiled by BGR from the EMODnet geology partner organisations between 2009 and 2021. The scale varies between 20 000 and 2 500 000.

R - Net recharge (DRASTIC)
R layer represents net recharge to groundwater (1980-2000 data).

R - Net recharge (DRASTIC)
R values are classified from 1 to 10. Groundwater recharge (GSI National Groundwater Recharge Map) varies between 14 mm/a and 573 mm/a across the Boyne catchment. Areas underlain by peat have the lowest groundwater recharge and lowest R values. The highest groundwater recharge occurs in areas where rock is at near the surface or the area is underlain by well drained soils and sand and gravels. These are assigned the highest ‘R’-values.

R - Net recharge (DRASTIC)
R layer represents net recharge to groundwater, the mean net recharge in GROWA in the period 1981-2010. Values are reclassified values into D index values from 1 to 10. Lower values correspond to NE part of the area, where amount of precipitation is small.

R values are classified from 1 to 10. Groundwater recharge (GSI National Groundwater Recharge Map) varies between 55 mm/a and 681 mm/a across the Rockingham catchment. Areas underlain by clay have the lowest groundwater recharge and lowest R values. The highest groundwater recharge occurs in areas where rock is at near the surface or around karst features.

factor R of DRASTIC groundwater vulnerability of Traun-Enns-Platte/AUSTRIA

Net recharge, for Sarmatian aquifer in Dobrogea de Sud, Romania

Radiocarbon data from benthic and planktic foraminifera in core EW9302-2JPC Northwest Atlantic Ocean (NERC Grant NE/M004619/1)
Radiocarbon ages of planktic and benthic foraminifera from sediment core EW9302-2JPC in the Northwest Atlantic from 0 to 30,000 years ago. Picked monospecific planktic foraminifera (G. bulloides and N. pachyderma) and mixed planospiral benthic formanifera (Cibicidoides, Melonis, Elphidium) were prepared to graphite at the NERC Radiocarbon Facility - East Kilbride and passed to the Keck Carbon Cycle AMS Facility, University of California, Irvine, USA for 14C analysis.

Radiocarbon dates of sediment slices from the MexiDrill core of Lake Chalco, Mexico (40-0 kcal BP) (NERC Grant NE/S009035/1)
The MexiDrill core was dated using a range of methods, including radiocarbon. Samples of sediment were pretreated (acid-only) at the 14CHRONO Centre according to established protocol, and measured using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS). The plain-text file lists the uncalibrated AMS radiocarbon dates, with the following columns: UBA ID, date submitted, MexiDrill sample ID, radiocarbon age, and lab error.

Radiocarbon dates on Kauri wood performed at the Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit (NERC grant NE/H007865/1)
Radiocarbon dates on Kauri wood from the Late Glacial (Hogg et al 2016) and around Heinrich Event 3 (Turney et al 2016). The radiocarbon dates are on dendrochronological sequences of rings with known age separation and useful for calibration of other radiocarbon dates and looking at geophysical processes.

Radiocarbon measurements on foraminifera from sediment cores in the North Atlantic (NERC Grant NE/M004619/1, NE/M003434/1)
Radiocarbon measurements on planktic and benthic foraminifera from sediment cores in the North Atlantic: Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) 983, SU90-44, MD04-2829, MD01-2461, and EW9302-2JPC Site 983 is located on the Bjorn Drift in approximately 1650 m water depth on the eastern flank of the Reykjanes Ridge. Hole 983A Position: 60°24.200'N, 23°38.437'W. Sediment core SU90-44 collected from the north-eastern Atlantic basin, near the top of a small abyssal hill, southeast of the Rockall plateau, 50°01'N, 17°06'W, 4279 m. Sediment core MD04-2829 collected from Rosemary Bank in the Northern Rockall Trough 58º 56.93’ N; 09º 34.30’ W; 1743 m water depth. Sediment core MD01-2461 was collected from the north-western flank of the Porcupine Seabight approximately 550 km to the southwest, 51°45’N, 12°55’W; 1153 m water depth, recovered in 2001. Core EW9302-2JPC recovered from the Rockall Plateau and East Flank of Reykjanes Ridge from the Flemish Cap in the south- eastern Labrador Sea, 48°47.70′N, 45°05.09′W, taken at water depth 1251m.

Radiogenic and stable isotope data (NERC grant NE/L004011/1)
The dataset contains three subsets: 1) W isotope data for reference materials and geological samples, 2) Pb isotope data for reference materials and geological samples and 3) Mo isotope data for reference materials and geological samples. The data was collected over a period of about two years in two different laboratories (University of Manchester and University of Bristol) using multi-collector ICPMS techniques. A description of the methods used to obtain the W and Mo isotope data can be found in Willbold et al. (2011) and Willbold et al. (2016). The determination of the Pb isotope data is detailed in Freymuth et al. (2016). The data of reference materials (standard solutions and geological reference materials) is used to assess the reproducibility and accuracy of the mass spectrometric setup at the time and used as uncertainty estimate for the geological sample data. References: Freymuth, H., Elliott, T., van Soest, M., Skora, S., 2016. Tracing subducted black shales in the Lesser Antilles arc using molybdenum isotope ratios. Geology 44, 987-990. Willbold, M., Elliott, T., Moorbath, S., 2011. The tungsten isotopic composition of the Earth's mantle before the terminal bombardment. Nature 477, 195-198. Willbold, M., Hibbert, K., Lai, Y.-J., Freymuth, H., Hin, R.C., Coath, C., Vils, F., Elliott, T., 2016. High-Precision Mass-Dependent Molybdenum Isotope Variations in Magmatic Rocks Determined by Double-Spike MC-ICP-MS. Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research 40, 389-403.

Radiometric anomalies and exploration of CSUP
The Oracle SDE database contains data on anomalous values of natural radioactivity, detected during surface prospecting of radioactive raw materials. It summarizes the databases "Radiometry - anomalous objects (RO)", "Radiometry - anomalous territory (ANUZ)" and "Radiometric exploration". These are radioecological data from approximately fifty years of work (1945-1994) of the former Czechoslovak Uranium Industry (ČSUP).

Radiometric field map 1 : 500,000 (GEOCR500)
WMS service displays the Radiometric field map of the Czech Republic 1:500,000 (M. Manová, M. Matolín, 1995). This map was published by the Czech Geological Survey in the Atlas of map of the Czech Republic (GEOCR500) in 1998. Data on the gamma dose rate of rocks are based on regional and detailed airborne measurement of terrestrial radiation. The data of the map illustrate the regional distribution of natural radionuclides in rocks in the Czech Republic.

Radiometric field map 1 : 500,000 (GEOCR500)
ArcGIS Server Service displays the Radiometric field map of the Czech Republic 1:500 000 (M. Manová, M. Matolín, 1995). This map was published by the Czech Geological Survey in the Atlas of map of Czech Republic (GEOCR500) in 1998. Data on the gamma dose rate of rocks are based on regional and detailed airborne measurement of terrestrial radiation. The data of the map illustrate the regional distribution of natural radionuclides in rocks and an above-average rock radioactivity in the Czech Republic.

Radiometric map of the Czech Republic 1 : 500,000 (GEOCR500)
Radiometric map of the Czech Republic (M. Manová, M. Matolín,1995) describes the natural radioactivity of the rocks on the Earth's surface. The radioactivity field is expressed in a batch a dose rate of gamma radiation of rocks 1 m above the Earth's surface. Map data defines the regions of low and high radioactivity.

Radiometric surveys
This database contains depictions of areas explored for radioactive minerals by the former Czechoslovak Uranium Industry. The areas are indicated separately according to the following survey methods: surface or vehicle-born gamma survey, emanometry in test pits up to 1 m deep, combined emanometry and gamma survey in test pits up to 1 m deep, and combined emanometry and gamma survey in test pits 1-15 m deep.

Radiometry
This database contains data from radiometric survey. Radiometry means the measurement of the total gamma-ray activity of natural radioactive isotopes on the Earth’s surface, in the past the total exposure rate was measured. The first stage (measurement of exposure rate) was carried out in 1957-1973 using Geiger-Mueller counter; this survey covered the whole territory of the Czech Republic, measured data is stored in [µR/h]. Next stage started in 1976 when total gamma-ray activity was registered simultaneously with gamma-ray spectrometry survey and covers about 60 % of the territory, measured data was stored as total gamma-ray activity [Ur].

Radiometry – anomalous areas (ANUZ)
Mapy radiometricky anomálních území (ANUZ) mají podat základní představu o radiační zátěži jednotlivých regionálních celků a zhodnotit příspěvek nalezených anomálních objektů ke zvýšení radiační zátěže. Ta je závislá zejména na primární koncentraci uranu, strukturně-tektonické stavbě území, hloubce zdroje, propustnosti zemin atd. Hodnocení proměřeného území z hlediska radiační zátěže je členěno do tří kategorií – vysoké, střední a nízké radioekologické zatížení.

Radiometry – anomalous objects (RO)
Databáze radioaktivních objektů (RO) obsahuje dostupné údaje o anomálních objektech, zjištěných v průběhu bezmála padesátileté (1945-1994) průzkumné činnosti resortu ČSUP (nejsou zpracovány údaje z křídových sedimentů a objektů zjištěných v ložiskových vrtech). Údaje byly zpracovány z hlediska jejich vztahu ke geologické stavbě a jejich dopadu na životní prostředí. Databáze obsahuje geografické, archivní, geofyzikální, geologicko-strukturní, petrografické a mineralogické údaje o 16 203 objektech.

Radon index map 1 : 50,000 (GEOCR50)
In the database of the "Radon Risk Association“ the measurements of radon in bedrock from the whole area of the Czech Republic are stored. Maps of radon index at a scale of 1:50,000 have been compiled using statistical procedures to process the measurements so that the areas defined by the vectorized boundaries of the geological units can be classified using colours to indicate the prevailing radon index for bedrock and quaternary sediments (low, medium, high index).

Radon index map of the Czech Republic 1 : 50,000 – INSPIRE download service (theme Natural risk zones)
INSPIRE Download Service (ATOM feed) provides access to the results of the mapping of radon index map in the Czech Republic at a scale of 1:50,000.

Radon index map of the Czech Republic 1 : 50,000 – INSPIRE harmonized (theme Natural risk zones)
Radon index map of the Czech Republic 1 : 50,000 has been compiled using statistical procedures to process the measurements so that the areas defined by the vectorized boundaries of the geological units can be classified to indicate the prevailing radon index for bedrock and quaternary sediments (low, medium, high index). The source data has been adjusted to meet the INSPIRE requirements for download service.

Radon potential for Great Britain version 2.1
Radon is a natural radioactive gas, which enters buildings from the ground. The joint Public Health England (PHE) –British Geological Survey (BGS) digital dataset Radon Potential for Great Britain provides the current definitive map of radon Affected Areas in Great Britain. Exposure to high concentrations increases the risk of lung cancer. PHE (previously known as the Health Protection Agency or HPA) recommends that radon levels should be reduced in homes where the annual average is at or above 200 becquerels per cubic metre (200 Bq m-3). This is termed the Action Level. The PHE defines radon Affected Areas as those with 1% chance or more of a house having a radon concentration at or above the Action Level of 200 Bq m-3. The dataset allows an estimate to be made of the probability that an individual property is at or above the Action Level for radon. This information provides an answer to one of the standard legal enquiries on house purchase in England and Wales, known as CON29 standard Enquiry of Local Authority; 3.13 Radon Gas: Location of the Property in a Radon Affected Area. Radon Potential for Great Britain also provides information on the level of protection required for new buildings as described in the latest Building Research Establishment guidance on radon protective measures for new buildings (Radon: guidance on protective measures for new dwellings; BR 211, 2015 in Scotland, England, Wales and Northern Ireland). This radon potential hazard information for Great Britain is based on PHE indoor radon measurements and BGS digital geology information. This product was derived from BGS Geology 50 (formerly known as DigMap50 V3.14) and PHE in-house radon measurement data. The indoor radon data is used with the agreement of the PHE. Confidentiality of measurement locations is maintained through data management practices. Access to the data is under licence.

Radon potential for Great Britain version 3
Radon is a natural radioactive gas, which enters buildings from the ground. The joint UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) (formerly Public Health England (PHE)) - British Geological Survey (BGS) digital dataset Radon Potential for Great Britain provides the current definitive map of radon Affected Areas in Great Britain. Exposure to high concentrations increases the risk of lung cancer. UK Health Security Agency (formerly PHE) recommends that radon levels should be reduced in homes where the annual average is at or above 200 becquerels per cubic metre (200 Bq m-3). This is termed the Action Level. The UKHSA defines radon Affected Areas as those with 1% chance or more of a house having a radon concentration at or above the Action Level of 200 Bq m-3. The dataset allows an estimate to be made of the probability that an individual property is at or above the Action Level for radon. This information provides an answer to one of the standard legal enquiries on house purchase in England and Wales, known as CON29 standard Enquiry of Local Authority; 3.13 Radon Gas: Location of the Property in a Radon Affected Area. Radon Potential for Great Britain also provides information on the level of protection required for new buildings as described in the latest Building Research Establishment guidance on radon protective measures for new buildings (Radon: guidance on protective measures for new dwellings; BR 211, 2015 in Scotland, England, Wales and Northern Ireland). This radon potential hazard information for Great Britain is based on UKHSA indoor radon measurements and BGS digital geology information. This product was derived from BGS Geology 50k (formerly known as DigMap50k) version 8 and UKHSA in-house radon measurement data. The indoor radon data is used with the agreement of the UKHSA. Confidentiality of measurement locations is maintained through data management practices. Access to the data is under licence.

Radon risk map 1 : 50,000 (GEOCR50)
ArcGIS Server service provides the results of radon index mapping in the Czech Republic in measure of 1 : 50,000.

Radon risk map 1 : 50,000 (GEOCR50) – INSPIRE view service (theme Natural risk zones)
INSPIRE View Service provides the results of radon index mapping in the Czech Republic in a scale of 1 : 50,000.

Radon risk map 1 : 500,000 (GEOCR500)
WMS Radon Risk Map of the Bedrock at 1 : 500 000 scale. WMS shows the prevailing radon index of different types of bedrock: 1. Low (Mesozoic and Tertiary sediments), 2. Intermediate (Quaternary sediments), 3. Medium ( Metamorphic rocks and Palaeozoic sediments), 4. High (Magmatic rocks, except for the Pre-Variscan granitoids – medium index), 5. Tectonic features, 6. Boundaries of regions

Radon risk map 1 : 500,000 (GEOCR500)
ArcGIS Server Service Radon Risk Map of the Bedrock at 1 : 500 000 scale. WMS shows the prevailing radon index of different types of bedrock: 1. Low (Mesozoic and Tertiary sediments), 2. Intermediate (Quaternary sediments), 3. Medium ( Metamorphic rocks and Palaeozoic sediments), 4. High (Magmatic rocks, except for the Pre-Variscan granitoids – medium index), 5. Tectonic features, 6. Boundaries of regions

Random Forest model output prediction raster for the occurrence of Fe-Mn in the World Oceans
The raster provide the output of a machine-learning random forest algorithm modelling the occurrence of ferromanganese (Fe-Mn) crust deposits in the world ocean. This raster constitutes a data-driven approach for mineral prospectivity mapping of Fe-Mn crusts that should be used in conjunction with other expert-driven prospectivity analysis to guide the assessment of Fe-Mn crust coverage in the world ocean and potential mineral exploration. The raster contains values between 0.07 and 0.92. Any values outside of that range (e.g., 0) are outside of the model prediction and should not be displayed. To reproduce data as displayed in the forthcoming associated publication, it is recommended to apply a 'Percent Clip' stretched 'Viridis' colour scheme.

Rapid dynamics in the Earth's core (NERC grant NE/I012052/1)
Published Papers: 1) Brown, W.J., Mound, J.E. \& Livermore, P.W., (2013) Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, Vol 223, pp 62-76 Jerks abound: an analysis of geomagnetic observatory data from 1957 to 2008 doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2013.06.001 2) Cox, G.A., Livermore, P.W. & Mound, J.E., (2014) Geophysical Journal International. Vol 196, pp 1311--1329. Forward models of torsional waves: dispersion and geometric effects doi:10.1093/gji/ggt414 3) Hori, K., Jones, C.A. & Teed, R.J. (2015) Geophysical Research Letters, vol 42, pp 6622--6629. Slow magnetic Rossby waves in the Earth's Core. doi:10.1002/2015GL064733 4) Teed, R.J., Jones, C.A. & Tobias, S.M., (2014) Geophysical Journal International, vol 196, pp 724--735. The dynamics and excitation of torsional waves in geodynamo simulations. doi:10.1093/gji/ggt432 5) Teed, R.J., Jones, C.A. & Tobias, S.M., (2015) Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol 419, pp 22-31. The transition to earth-like torsional oscillations in magnetoconvection simulations. Doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.02.045

Rare Earth Elements CBA favourability map of Europe
Cell based associations (CBA) prospectivity map for REE in Europe.

RATE Lo-RISE Marine Workstream (NERC Grant NE/L000202/1)
Data collected as part of the NERC funded Radioactivity and the Environment (RATE), Long-lived Radionuclides in the Surface Environment (Lo-RISE), research consortium.This data comes from the marine workstream group based at the Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (SUERC) and the Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS). The data consists of radionuclide measurements of environmental and biological samples including radiocarbon, caesium (137), americium (241) and plutonium (238, 239, 240).The data has been published in the following publications: Tierney et al., 2018. Modelling Marine Trophic Transfer of Radiocarbon (14C) from a Nuclear Facility. Ecosystem Modelling and Software 102, 138-154. Tierney et al., 2017. Nuclear Reprocessing-Related Radiocarbon (14C) Uptake into UK Marine Mammals. Marine Pollution Bulletin 124, 43-50. Muir et al., 2017. Ecosystem Uptake and Transfer of Sellafield-Derived Radiocarbon (14C). Part 1: The Irish Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 114, 792-804. Tierney et al., 2017. Ecosystem Uptake and Transfer of Sellafield-Derived Radiocarbon (14C). Part 2: The West of Scotland. Marine Pollution Bulletin 115, 57-66 Tierney et al., 2016. Accumulation of Sellafield-derived 14C in Irish Sea and West of Scotland Intertidal Shells and Sediments. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 151, 321-327.

RATE Lo-RISE Terrestrial Dataset 1 (NERC grant NE/L000547/1)
Data collected as part of the NERC funded Radioactivity and the Environment (RATE), Long-lived Radionuclides in the Surface Environment (Lo-RISE), research consortium.This data comes from the terrestrial workstream group based at the University of Manchester. The data consists of radionuclide measurements of environmental and biological samples including uranium (238), thorium (232) and radium (226), and soil subsurface and surface biota bioprospecting (plants and AM fungi). The data from this first dataset has been published in the following publication: Davies et al. (2018) Multiple environmental factors influence 238U, 232Th and 226Ra bioaccumulation in arbuscular mycorrhizal-associated plants. Science of the Total Environment 640-641:921-934.

Ravenglass Depth Cores Ion Torrent FASTQ Data (NERC Grant NE/L000326/1)
Two sediment depth cores were collected from the River Esk estuary during low tide near the town of Ravenglass, UK. Cores were collected by the University of Manchester. Cores were sliced at 1 cm intervals from 0 - 10 cm, and at 2 cm intervals thereafter. Slicing was performed in an anaerobic bag. Samples were transferred to Newcastle University for DNA extraction. A total of 19 samples were extracted for core 1, and 18 samples extracted for core 2.

Raw CO2 and CH4 concentration data from a Picarro CRDS during experiments which tested the utility of methane as a tracer to quantify CO2 leakage into aqueous environments
Raw CO2 and CH4 concentration data from a Picarro Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy (CRDS) during experiments which tested the utility of methane as a tracer to quantify CO2 leakage into aqueous environments, as described in Myers, M., Roberts, J.J., White, C., and Stalker, L (2019) ‘An experimental investigation into quantifying CO2 leakage in aqueous environments using chemical tracers’ Chemical Geology

Raw data from synchrotron X-ray diffraction, MHz acoustic velocity and Inelastic Neutron Scattering measurements of CaSiO3-CaTiO3 perovskite minerals at mantle conditions
Experimental data originating from the NERC IRF project entitled "Calcium perovskite: the forgotten mantle phase". Data consists of: - large volume press synchrotron XRD ± ultrasonic velocity measurements (ID06-LVP ESRF) - diamond anvil cell XRD data (I15 Diamond) - Neutron Inelastic scattering data (IN8 ILL) - D111 deformation experiment XRD and imaging from (NE07 PF-AR, KEK)

Raw data, model outputs and plotting scripts resulting from NERC Grant NE/L011050/2: Rethinking carbonate diagenesis: clues to past carbon cycling from an overlooked carbon sink
Supplemental files (plotting scripts, tables) in support of Greene et al., 2019. Early Cenozoic Decoupling of Climate and Carbonate Compensation Depth Trends. PP2019.Greeneetal.SupplementaryTables.xlsx Tables S1-S3. Raw data for CCD time-slice reconstruction for NP8, NP10-11, and NP12-13, respectively. Raw data for each CCD time-slice reconstruction (program, site number, current and paleo- latitude/longitude, underlying basement age, current water depth, sediment cover, reconstructed paleodepth (see Methods), wt% CaCO3 mean, and individual wt% CaCO3 measurements. Tables S4-S18. Model output: time series of pCO2 and Ca2+ weathering flux for each ensemble #1 experiment. Tables S19-S22. Final year model output for each experiment in each ensembles 1-4. Final year model output for each experiment ensembles 1-4 (outgassing rate modification factor relative to x3 pre-industrial pCO2, pCO2, mean ocean [DIC], mean ocean [ALK], POC export, Ca2+ weathering flux, mean ocean temperature, mean land surface air temperature, overturning stream function min/max, and final year CSH and CCD (following Goodwin and Ridgwell [2010]). For ensembles 2-4 bolded columns indicate model variables roughly fixed across all experiments within the ensemble. PP2019_Greeneetal_Subsidence.m Matlab script for calculating paleodepth from current water depth and seafloor age. This script plots a subsidence curve for a single location and displays the paleodepth for that location at a user-specified point in the past using the subsidence equations from Cramer et al., 2009 'Ocean overturning since the Late Cretaceous: Inferences from a new benthic foraminiferal isotope compliation', Paleoceanography 24(4), PA4216 with a simplified sediment unloading term. PP2019_Greeneetal_plot_CCDcontour.m Matlab script for contouring depth/wt% carbonate data into contoured CCD snapshot. In support of Published Paper: Greene, S.E., Ridgwell, A., Kirtland Turner, S., Schmidt, D.N., Pälike, H., Thomas, E., Greene, L.K. and Hoogakker, B.A.A. (2019), Early Cenozoic Decoupling of Climate and Carbonate Compensation Depth Trends. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology, 34: 930-945. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019PA003601

Raw experimental data from experiments measuring crystal structure and acoustic velocities of calcium silicate perovskite (NERC grant NE/P017657/1)
High-pressure multi anvil synchrotron data from ID06-LVP at the ESRF. Contains diffraction, radiography, MHz ultrasonic and calibration data from experiments performed to ~ 13 GPa on CaSiO3 perovskite and Ca[Si60Ti40]O3 perovskite samples.

Raw output data of axisymmetric rock deformation experiments on neighbourite (NERC grant NE/L007363/1)
Data files have .dat extension and can be opened with Notepad or any basic text editor software. Each file contains details of sample name, dimensions (length and diameter). All deformed samples were pre-prepared cylinders of synthetic neighbourite. Each file contains 11 data column as follows: Time (hours); Time (secs); CP (V); Vol (V); Force(V); Temp (V); Disp(V); Euro disp (mm); Furn T (mV); PoreP (mV); Furnace Power where V= Volts, mV= millivolts. The Calibration sheet (specific to the apparatus used) uploaded together with the data files is required to convert V and mV raw data into values of stress, strain, strain rate, confining pressure and temperature.

Rb/Sr ratio vs Nd model age of the new continental crust (NERC NE/K008862/1)
A worldwide compilation of 14,261 analyses of Nd, Sm, Rb and Sr concentrations, and Nd and Sr isotopes, in crustal rocks with a range of crystallisation ages. These data were used in Dhuime et al. (2015, Nature Geoscience 8, 552-555) to calculate the variation in the 'time integrated' Rb/Sr ratios of the new (i.e. juvenile) continental crust as a function of its Nd model age of formation.

Receiver function gathers and stacks for mapping mantle discontinuities (NERC Grant NE/P001378/1)
The three-component data are downloaded from CDSN and processed with instrument response removed. The data coverages include sampling in the East Asia, southwest and northwest Pacific.

Reclamation and remediation
The database contains selected mining engineering and operational data from the annual state statistical report Hor(MPO)1-01. Areas affected by mining, mining technically locked area, areas of remediation and reclamation where reclamation has been completed. Furthermore, the financial reserves for remediation, reclamation and mining damages. Hor(MPO)1-01 belongs to Individual data, it is possible to obtain data only in the summaries.

Records of mineral exploration
Reports of 267 mineral exploration projects carried out in the UK under the Mineral Exploration and Investigation Grants Act (MEIGA). Produced by external mineral exploration companies between 1971 and 1984. Includes project files kept on behalf of DTI (Department of Trade and Industry). All reports are held in hard copy and all are now on openfile.

Redox potential map
After distinguishing between groundwater containing nitrate and groundwater without nitrate, the first step of the method allows for the classification of groundwater with iron (anoxic) or without iron (oxic). Water types having both iron and nitrate at either low or relatively high concentrations at the same time are classified as 'mixed'. The method can either end here or if needed continue in a second step for mixed samples. The second step considers NH4 and O2 concentrations. After applying the methodology to individual sampling points the results were aggregated to lithological units. The results of these calculations and how the redox potential map was build are described in this report.

Reduced-complexity aquifer model (NERC grant NE/I022434/1)
Matlab m-file code to generate a probabilistic model of aquifer-body occurrence in the subsurface of the Indo-Gangetic foreland basin, northwestern India. The accompanying ArcGIS ASCII matrix files give aquifer-body percentages in successive 10 m depth slices for use within the model. File xxx_01.txt is for depths 0-10 m, file xxx_02.txt for depths 10-20 m, etc.

REE metallogenic map of Europe
Overview map showing the approximate extent of the key Rare Earth Elements (REE) metallogenic areas in Europe.

REE mineral occurrences/deposits spatial distribution
Simplified spatial distribution of REE occurrences in Europe, and respective genetic types.

Reference samples of building stones
A collection of large-size, representative hand samples of building stones from current and historic quarries in the UK, together with specimens from historic buildings supplied by conservation architects and contractors, currently c.680 samples. The sample coverage extends across the whole of the UK and supplements material in the Keyworth BGS BRITROCKS collection (Petrological Collection Database). The data included with the samples includes quarry and building locations and relevant lithostratigraphic information. The collection is ongoing and new material is added on a regular basis. The collection was created to mitigate the massive gap in knowledge resulting from the non-transferral of the main BGS Building Stone Collection to Keyworth from the Geological Museum in London, when the original move by BGS from London took place. The samples have been collected to assist in the sourcing, identification and matching of buildings stones from historic buildings throughout the UK. The collection provides essential support for the numerous enquiries the BGS receives through its GEOREPORTS Building Stone Assessment programme.

Reflectance Transformation Image of cast GSM106352 showing Ediacaran (Pre-Cambrian) fossils from Charnwood Forest, UK
Reflectance Transformation Imaging files of specimen BGS GSM106352, a large (1.0 x 1.2m) display cast, made from Jesmonite AC-300 and coloured dark gray and showing several species typical of the fossil biota on the Bed B surface of Wilby et al. (2011) in Charnwood Forest. Wilby. P, Carney, J.N, Howe, M.P.A 2011 A rich Ediacaran assemblage from eastern Avalonia: Evidence of early widespread diversity in the deep ocean. https://doi.org/10.1130/G31890.1

Reflectance Transformation Image of Charniodiscus concentricus, an Ediacaran fossil from Charnwood Forest, Leicestershire, UK
Reflectance transformation image of a cast (BGS fossil reference number GSM106161) of the holotype of Charniodiscus concentricus. The original fossil is the property of the Geology Department, University of Leicester, and the fossil is on display at New Walk Museum, Leicester

Reflectance Transformation Imaging files of Hylaecullulus fordi, a new species of rangeomorph from the Bradgate Formation (Ediacaran) of Charnwood Forest, Leicestershire, UK.
Reflectance Transformation Imaging files for the type specimen GSM105875 [IGSN:UKBGSGSM105875] and two paratypes GSM106040 [IGSN:UKBGSGSM106040] , GSM106112 [IGSN:UKBGSGSM106112] of Hylaecullulus fordi, a new species of rangeomorph from the Bradgate Formation (Ediacaran) of Charnwood Forest, UK. Supporting information for Kenchington, Dunn and Wilby - Modularity and overcompensatory growth in rangeomorphs (late Ediacaran, approx. 580-541 Ma): adaptations for coping with environmental pressures. Current Biology.

Regional-geological schema 1 : 2,500,000
Database containis a overview geological map of the Czech Republic at a scale of 1 : 2,500,000 (schema) in English.

Regional geological scheme 1 : 2,500,000
WMS Service for the CGS overview map of the Geology in the Czech Republic at a scale of 1:2,5M.

Regional gravity survey data of onshore and nearshore United Kingdom
Indexes and data records for Regional gravity observations on the UK mainland, Northern Ireland, offshore islands, tidal estuaries and seabed. Records include station identities, position, gravity reading and reduced gravity values. Most of the surveys were carried out by the BGS but the database includes data originally acquired by other organisations and subsequently given to the BGS to be managed as part of the national archive. Complete coverage of the UK mainland with a station density of 1-2 stations per square kilometre.

Regional gravity survey records of onshore and nearshore United Kingdom
Field notebooks,maps, field sheets etc for Regional gravity observations on the UK mainland, Northern Ireland, offshore islands, tidal estuaries and seabed. Most of the surveys were carried out by the BGS but the database includes data originally acquired by other organisations and subsequently given to the BGS to be managed as part of the national archive. Complete coverage of the UK mainland with a station density of 1-2 stations per square kilometre.

REGIS II.1 - 01.1-Holocene deposits - Holocene complex
iREGIS stands for REgionaal Geohydrologisch InformatieSysteem, which is the National hydro-geological model for the Netherlands. Version II.1 is an extension and revision of the hydro-geological model version II.0 (REGIS II). REGIS has been developed by TNO, the Geological Survey of the Netherlands in cooperation with RIZA (the national water office) and the Provincial authorities. The hydro-geological model is a digital model of the upper part of the Dutch subsurface to a depth of approximately 500 meters. Using ESRI grids and shapefiles, the model shows the depth, thickness and hydraulic properties of hydro-geological units as well as the location of faults. A hydro-geological unit is a unit defined using texture, structure and soil type having (more or less) uniform hydrogeological properties bounded by facies-layers, erosion boundaries and faults. The hydrogeological model is based on the Digital Geological Model (DGM) and the shallow subsurface lithostratigraphical Nomenclature version 1.0 which is available through www.dinoloket.nl

REGIS II.1 - 02.1- Boxtel Formation - Boxtel Schimmert clay1
REGIS stands for REgionaal Geohydrologisch InformatieSysteem, which is the National hydro-geological model for the Netherlands. Version II.1 is an extension and revision of the hydro-geological model version II.0 (REGIS II). REGIS has been developed by TNO, the Geological Survey of the Netherlands in cooperation with RIZA (the national water office) and the Provincial authorities. The hydro-geological model is a digital model of the upper part of the Dutch subsurface to a depth of approximately 500 meters. Using ESRI grids and shapefiles, the model shows the depth, thickness and hydraulic properties of hydro-geological units as well as the location of faults. A hydro-geological unit is a unit defined using texture, structure and soil type having (more or less) uniform hydrogeological properties bounded by facies-layers, erosion boundaries and faults. The hydrogeological model is based on the Digital Geological Model (DGM) and the shallow subsurface lithostratigraphical Nomenclature version 1.0 which is available through www.dinoloket.nl

REGIS II.1 - 02.2- Boxtel Formation - Boxtel sand1
REGIS stands for REgionaal Geohydrologisch InformatieSysteem, which is the National hydro-geological model for the Netherlands. Version II.1 is an extension and revision of the hydro-geological model version II.0 (REGIS II). REGIS has been developed by TNO, the Geological Survey of the Netherlands in cooperation with RIZA (the national water office) and the Provincial authorities. The hydro-geological model is a digital model of the upper part of the Dutch subsurface to a depth of approximately 500 meters. Using ESRI grids and shapefiles, the model shows the depth, thickness and hydraulic properties of hydro-geological units as well as the location of faults. A hydro-geological unit is a unit defined using texture, structure and soil type having (more or less) uniform hydrogeological properties bounded by facies-layers, erosion boundaries and faults. The hydrogeological model is based on the Digital Geological Model (DGM) and the shallow subsurface lithostratigraphical Nomenclature version 1.0 which is available through www.dinoloket.nl

REGIS II.1 - 02.3- Boxtel Formation - Boxtel Liempde clay1
REGIS stands for REgionaal Geohydrologisch InformatieSysteem, which is the National hydro-geological model for the Netherlands. Version II.1 is an extension and revision of the hydro-geological model version II.0 (REGIS II). REGIS has been developed by TNO, the Geological Survey of the Netherlands in cooperation with RIZA (the national water office) and the Provincial authorities. The hydro-geological model is a digital model of the upper part of the Dutch subsurface to a depth of approximately 500 meters. Using ESRI grids and shapefiles, the model shows the depth, thickness and hydraulic properties of hydro-geological units as well as the location of faults. A hydro-geological unit is a unit defined using texture, structure and soil type having (more or less) uniform hydrogeological properties bounded by facies-layers, erosion boundaries and faults. The hydrogeological model is based on the Digital Geological Model (DGM) and the shallow subsurface lithostratigraphical Nomenclature version 1.0 which is available through www.dinoloket.nl

REGIS II.1 - 02.4- Boxtel Formation - Boxtel clay1

REGIS II.1 - 02.5- Boxtel Formation - Boxtel sand2

REGIS II.1 - 02.6- Boxtel Formation - Boxtel clay2

REGIS II.1 - 02.7- Boxtel Formation - Boxtel sand3

REGIS II.1 - 03.1- Beegden Formation - Beegden Rosmalen clay1

REGIS II.1 - 03.2- Beegden Formation - Beegden sand1

REGIS II.1 - 03.3- Beegden Formation - Beegden clay1

REGIS II.1 - 03.4- Beegden Formation - Beegden sand2

REGIS II.1 - 03.5- Beegden Formation - Beegden clay2

REGIS II.1 - 03.6- Beegden Formation - Beegden sand3

REGIS II.1 - 04.1- Kreftenheye Form. - Kreft. Wychen clay1

REGIS II.1 - 04.3- Kreftenheye Formation - Kreft. clay1

REGIS II.1 - 04.4- Kreftenheye Formation - Kreft. sand3

REGIS II.1 - 04.6- Kreftenheye Form.- Kreft. Zutphen clay1

REGIS II.1 - 04.7- Kreftenheye Formation - Kreft. sand5

REGIS II.1 - 04.9- Kreftenheye Formation - Kreft. sand6

Registered borehole specimens collection (England and Wales).
Collection of individually registered specimens and cuttings from onshore boreholes drilled in England and Wales by BGS, commercial and public bodies since the establishment of BGS in 1835. The collection has been developed as part of the BGS responsibility to establish and maintain a National Borehole Collection. The collection is updated on a daily basis by the addition of new data and by the modification of existing data. The collection contains all registered borehole samples for England and Wales, Scottish borehole samples are excluded. Details of the collection are held on the 'Borehole Materials Database', and may be accessed over the internet from the BGS web site.

Registers Of Macrofossils (Leeds System).
Registers of macrofossils arranged by 1" (one inch ro the mile) or 1:50 000 scale English geological sheets. Each register is numbered 1-359 and each sheet has one or more volumes. Within each volume, data is arranged by collectors symbol. This is the system used in the Leeds office (the London office had a different system- see MACROLONDON). It is this system that is currently in use.

Rehydroxilation of Fire-Clay Ceramics: Factors affecting early-stage mass gain in dating experiments (NERC grant NE/I014039/1)
Publication associated with NERC grant NE/I014039/1. In this paper, we discuss how the initial stages of mass gain are affected by the specific surface area (SSA) of the ceramic material. The paper provides guidance on experimental protocols to avoid dating results being distorted by relatively early-time mass gain data.

Relative Permeability and Flow Intermittency Measurements Using X-Ray Micro-tomography in a Complex Microporous Carbonate
We imaged the steady-state flow of brine and decane at different fractional flows during dual injection in a micro-porous limestone using X-ray micro-tomography. We applied differential imaging on Estaillades carbonate to (a) distinguish micro-porous regions from macro-pores, and (b) determine fluid phase pore occupancy and relative permeability at a capillary number, Ca = 7.3×10-6. The sample porosity was approximately 28 %, with 7% in macro-pores and 21% in pores that could not be directly resolved (micro-porosity). We find that, in addition to brine and decane, a fraction of the macroscopic pore space contains an intermittent phase, which is occupied either by brine or oil during the hour-long scan time. Furthermore, fluid occupancy in micro-porosity was classified into three sub-phases: micro-pore space with oil, micro-pore space with brine, and micro pores partially filled with oil and brine.

Relative permeability tabular data and X-ray imagery for UK reservoir rocks from the UKCCSRC Call 2 Project: Multiscale Characterisation of CO2 Storage in the UK
This data was collected as a part of the UK CCS Research Centre Call 2 Project C2-197: Multi scale characterisation of CO2 Storage in the United Kingdom. This is tabular data and X-ray imagery of drainage and imbibition relative permeability measured on reservoir rocks from the S. North Sea, N. North Sea, and E. Irish Sea of the Offshore UK. The data were obtained through measurements made at two distinct flow rates to allow for an evaluation of the impact of rock heterogeneity. Full details of the rock properties and experiments can be found in Reynolds et al. (2018) reference 3 below, the Final Report of the Project, as well as in the PhD Thesis of Catriona Reynolds with full references given below. Any use of the data should reference the journal article, reference 3 below. Geographical Area - Bunter sandstone in S. North Sea, Cleethorpes-1 Well, 1312.7-1316.1 m depth; Ormsirk sandstone in E. Irish Sea, Block 110/2a, 1247.9-1248.1 m depth; Captain sandstone in N. North Sea, Well 14/29a-3, 2997.6-3005.1 m depth. References 1. Imperial College London and British Geological Survey, Multiscale Characterisation of CO2 Storage in the United Kingdom, UKCCSRC Call 2 Project Final Report, 2016 2. Reynolds, C. Two-phase flow behaviour and relative permeability between CO2 and brine in sandstones at the pore and core scales, PhD Thesis, 2016, Imperial College London. 3. Reynolds, C.A., Blunt, M.J., Krevor, S. 2018, Multiphase flow characteristics of heterogeneous rocks from CO2 storage reservoirs in the United Kingdom, Water Resources Research, 54, 2, 729-745

Reliability of the susceptibility
Reliability of the susceptibility assessment to the presence of marine hydrate deposits. It based on the density of geographical data taken into account in the susceptibility assessment. Reference: https://doi.org/10.3390/app11062865

Repeated measurements of gravity acceleration by absolute gravimeters
Repeated measurements of gravity acceleration at five absolute gravity stations in the Czech Republic have been carried out by absolute gravimeters
FG5 No. 215 and FG5X No. 251 manufactured by Micro-g LaCoste, Inc. USA. Data are distributed to AGrav database.

Report: Kingsnorth E.ON UK Carbon Capture & Storage Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) - Chapter 04: Project Design
During 2010-11, as part of the Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Demonstration Competition process, E.ON undertook a Front End Engineering Design (FEED) study for the development of a commercial scale CCS demonstration plant at Kingsnorth in Kent, South East England. The study yielded invaluable knowledge and the resulting material is available for download here. This chapter contains design philosophy documents which were produced to ensure a common approach to the design of all aspects of the CCS project, addressing overall project lifecycle and the interface between the Carbon Capture Plant and the Power Station. Some of the key issues concerning the design and integration of a CCS development are: Power plants have been designed for many years to operate flexibly in response to the demands of the electricity network. The CCS plant technology is closer to process plant technology which is not usually designed for such flexible operation, and this will provide a key challenge during the detailed design process to provide the required flexibility of operation; Assessment of various cooling technologies for the power station and carbon capture plant shows that direct water cooling is the Best Available Technology in terms of Environmental Impact; Significant parts of the existing cooling water infrastructure can be re-used; There is potential to advantageously interface steam and cooling systems between the power plant and CCS plant; Venting, and the consequent cooling, of CO2 for pressure relief or operational reasons raises issues with lack of buoyancy and dispersion which require significant further work. Further supporting documents for chapter 4 of the Key Knowledge Reference Book can be downloaded. Note this dataset is a duplicate of the reports held at the National Archive which can be found at the following link -

Report: Kingsnorth E.ON UK Carbon Capture & Storage Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) - Chapter 05: Technical Design-Carbon capture and compression plant
During 2010-11, as part of the Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Demonstration Competition process, E.ON undertook a Front End Engineering Design (FEED) study for the development of a commercial scale CCS demonstration plant at Kingsnorth in Kent, South East England. The study yielded invaluable knowledge and the resulting material is available for download here. This chapter presents the FEED stage Capture and Compression plant technical design. The 'Design Basis for CO2 Recovery Plant' lists the design parameters relating to the capture plant site, the flue gas to be treated, the utilities available, the required life and availability of the plant, and other constraints to be complied with in the capture plant, dehydration and compression design. The details of the processes of capture, compression, and dehydration are best visualised on the Process Flow Diagrams (PFDs) which show the process flows described above together with additional detail of coolers, pumps, and other plant items. Separate PFDs are provided for the capture plant, the compression plant, and the dehydration plant to show the complete flue gas and CO2 flows. Some of the key aspects of the technical design of the Capture and Compression plant are; There are two separate water circuits shown in the quencher with separate extractions of excess water. These have been separated because the recovered quench water is of good enough quality for re-use on the power station, whilst the deep FGD waste water is sent to the water treatment plant; Molecular sieves have been selected as the most appropriate equipment for dehydration of the CO2 prior to pipeline transportation; With the particular layout constraints of the Kingsnorth site, a split layout of the absorption and regeneration equipment is preferred over the compact layout. Further supporting documents for chapter 5 of the Key Knowledge Reference Book can be downloaded. Note this dataset is a duplicate of the reports held at the National Archive which can be found at the following link -

Report: Kingsnorth E.ON UK Carbon Capture & Storage Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) - Chapter 06: Technical Design - Pipeline and Platform
During 2010-11, as part of the Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Demonstration Competition process, E.ON undertook a Front End Engineering Design (FEED) study for the development of a commercial scale CCS demonstration plant at Kingsnorth in Kent, South East England. The study yielded invaluable knowledge and the resulting material is available for download here. This chapter is devoted to the transportation and injection infrastructure requirements of the Kingsnorth Carbon Capture and Storage development. This encompasses a 36 inch (outside diameter) pipeline which runs onshore for approx 10 km and offshore in the Southern North Sea for 260 km, a platform in the vicinity of the Hewett field location, and appropriate facilities both for the conditioning of CO2 before pipeline entry and the processing of the CO2 stream prior to injection into the sequestration site. The chapter highlights in particular the following areas:- Critical assumptions; Platform Concept Selection; Transport Solution Selection; Pipeline Key Issues; Pipeline Pre-Commissioning; Temperature; Emergency Shutdown; Personnel Safety; Venting; Flow Assurance Modelling. Throughout the execution of the work described in this chapter significant opportunity was taken to ensure that the interfaces from capture (and compression) to pipeline/platform and to wells/storage were managed closely. This was achieved by cross system interface management meetings organized to consider interface issues and to compare issues raised in separate HAZIDs. The purpose of conceptual design has been to identify the problems to be addressed comprehensively by the next stage of FEED and this suite of reports provides valuable insights to the challenges faced. All aspects of establishing an agreed philosophy for design and operation of a storage and transport system for CCS begin with understanding what the initial CO2 flow conditions will be at the interface between the well perforations and the reservoir (i.e. at the sandstone face at the bottom of the well). Further supporting documents for chapter 6 of the Key Knowledge Reference Book can be downloaded.

Report: Kingsnorth E.ON UK Carbon Capture & Storage Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) - Chapter 07: Technical Design - Well and Storage
During 2010-11, as part of the Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Demonstration Competition process, E.ON undertook a Front End Engineering Design (FEED) study for the development of a commercial scale CCS demonstration plant at Kingsnorth in Kent, South East England. The study yielded invaluable knowledge and the resulting material is available for download here. This chapter presents the results of studies into the undersea storage reservoir for CO2, in the Lower Bunter sandstone of the depleted Hewett natural gas field, the design recommendations for new wells and recommendations for abandonment of existing wells. The study addresses the following areas; Storage Reservoir integrity and capacity; Construction and completion of wells; CO2 properties and injectivity; Abandonment of existing and new wells; Monitoring; Hazard Identification (HAZID) and Risk Assessment. Some of the key aspects of the Wells and Storage technical design are; Wells that have already been abandoned using conventional methods pose a risk of future leakage to the surface and thereby compromising the integrity of the CO2 store; Data acquisition can be difficult: ensure that all required data sets are identified and make requests as early as possible to ensure quality data is obtained resistant standards; The CO2 equation of state and phase diagram is paramount in designing the injection process. Temperature and pressure of the CO2 must be carefully specified to avoid uncontrolled condensation or vaporisation; Many standard components and materials used in the offshore industry are suitable for use in CO2 flowing regime injection applications. Particular attention must be paid to corrosion resistance and longevity in a CO2 environment; For drilling injection wells into a depleted hydrocarbon reservoir, the principal challenge is drilling into low pore pressures, whilst minimising formation damage. Further supporting documents for Chapter 7 of the Key Knowledge Reference Book can be downloaded. Note this dataset is a duplicate of the reports held at the National Archive which can be found at the following link -

Report: Kingsnorth E.ON UK Carbon Capture & Storage Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) - Chapter 08: Health and Safety
During 2010-11, as part of the Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Demonstration Competition process, E.ON undertook a Front End Engineering Design (FEED) study for the development of a commercial scale CCS demonstration plant at Kingsnorth in Kent, South East England. The study yielded invaluable knowledge and the resulting material is available for download here. This chapter presents the Health and Safety Reports produced during the current FEED stage. HAZID/ENVID studies were carried out for the following sections of the project: Kingsnorth Power Plant (impact on and from CCS); Kingsnorth CO2 capture and compression plant; CO2 Pipeline (On and Offshore); Kingsnorth CO2 Injection Platform; Wells and Reservoirs. The results of the HAZID studies for the power plant and capture and compression plant are recorded in the 'HAZID Report' and 'HAZID Report Addendum' in this Chapter. The pipeline and platform HAZID is in section 6 and the wells and reservoirs HAZID in section 7. Other reviews, such as SIMOPS (Simultaneous Operations) studies have been carried out. A review of Major Accident Hazards for the pipeline has been undertaken and the outcome is described in the report 'ALARP Review Report for Genesis Scope of Work'. Design Risk Assessments (DRAs) were carried out by the design teams, with support from the Safety Consultant. DRAs were qualitative rather than quantitative, due to the early stage of design within FEED. The DRAs are collated and summarised in the 'CDM Design Risk Register'. A draft Pre-Construction Safety Report has been produced to further inform the design process, and enhance our understanding of the significant hazards, both safety and environmental, associated with these processes. This overall approach to Health and Safety is set out in more detail in the 'Health and Safety Design Philosophy' Further supporting documents for chapter 8 of the Key Knowledge Reference Book can be downloaded.

Report: Kingsnorth E.ON UK Carbon Capture & Storage Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) - Chapter 09: Environment and Consent
During 2010-11, as part of the Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Demonstration Competition process, E.ON undertook a Front End Engineering Design (FEED) study for the development of a commercial scale CCS demonstration plant at Kingsnorth in Kent, South East England. The study yielded invaluable knowledge and the resulting material is available for download here. This chapter presents the Environment and Consents Reports produced during the current FEED stage. One of the key objectives of the FEED study was to develop information across the project chain, from CO2 generation to storage in sufficient detail to enable production of applications for environmental consents. A Consents Philosophy was generated upon commencement of the FEED to develop a programme of work to achieve this objective, and identified the following groups of consents: Power and capture plant: 1989 Electricity Act - Section 36; Onshore pipeline: 1990 Town and Country Planning Act; Offshore Pipeline; Offshore Platform; Storage Consents. Some keys aspects of the FEED Consents study are: There were significant uncertainties at the outset of the project regarding the types of consent required. This was a consequence of the planning consent for Kingsnorth Units 5 and 6 having already been submitted in 2006, new government policy and draft regulatory guidance, and ongoing government consultations on regulatory issues; Many of these issues were resolved, enabling development of consent applications for the integrated power and capture plant and onshore and offshore CO2 pipeline. However in some cases, particularly for the offshore platform and storage, uncertainty remained throughout the project. In these instances the deliverable was an interpretation of the regulatory requirements that will need to be reviewed and taken into account to obtain consents during subsequent stages of the project. Further supporting documents for chapter 9 of the Key Knowledge Reference Book can be downloaded. Note this dataset is a duplicate of the reports held at the National Archive which can be found at the following link -

Report: Kingsnorth E.ON UK Carbon Capture & Storage Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) - Chapter 10: Project Management Reports
During 2010-11, as part of the Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Demonstration Competition process, E.ON undertook a Front End Engineering Design (FEED) study for the development of a commercial scale CCS demonstration plant at Kingsnorth in Kent, South East England. The study yielded invaluable knowledge and the resulting material is available for download here. This chapter contains the output from many of the Project Management processes which control and report the progress of the FEED. The following commentary gives the reader a brief guide to the project management process or approach which has been used. FEED Programme: In order to scope out, control and report the FEED activity, a Work Breakdown Structure was developed. This structure had the following hierarchy - Level 1 - Chain Element; Level 2 - Phase; Level 3 - Discipline; Level 4 - Work Package (including Cost Time Resource definition); The programme is in the form of a fully resource loaded, logically linked network diagram. Risk Management: Throughout this FEED the management of risk was a key activity. This has helped inform and better understand the important risks faced by the project. This 'first of a kind' project saw a large number of new risks being identified, assessed, controlled and monitored during FEED. Project Cost Estimates: An estimating philosophy was established in FEED to set the standards for the estimates produced from across the project participants, including: To ensure a consistent approach in the collection, calculation and presentation of costs across all FEED Participants; To ensure that all likely project costs are identified and captured along with all associated details. A standard template was established for each participant to complete with the details of their section (i.e. Chain Element) of the cost estimate. The cost estimate was broadly consistent with Class 3/4 estimate as defined by AACE. Further supporting documents for chapter 10 of the Key Knowledge Reference Book can be downloaded. Note this dataset is a duplicate of the reports held at the National Archive which can be found at the following link -

Report: Kingsnorth E.ON UK Carbon Capture & Storage Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) - Chapters 01 - 03: Executive Summary
During 2010-11, as part of the Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Demonstration Competition process, E.ON undertook a Front End Engineering Design (FEED) study for the development of a commercial scale CCS demonstration plant at Kingsnorth in Kent, South East England. The study yielded invaluable knowledge and the resulting material is available for download here. This Key Knowledge Reference Book is the result of the early stages of a Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) study to add a post-combustion Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) facility to a new supercritical coal fired power plant at Kingsnorth following the award of a FEED contract with the Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) in March 2010. This study constitutes the first phase of a 3-phase approach to FEED adopted by E.ON UK. The Kingsnorth CCS Project consists of two 800MW power generating units at Kingsnorth power station, a 300MW (net) post combustion carbon capture plant integrated into the power plant with associated dehydration and compression facilities, a 36inch pipeline for transportation of CO2 to the Hewett gas field in the southern North Sea and a new platform at this field with associated injection facilities and wells. The Key Knowledge Reference Book is publicly available to all CCS project developers and other interested parties to ensure the lessons learned from this FEED are disseminated as widely as possible to advance the roll-out of Carbon Capture and Storage. This Key Knowledge Reference Book comprises information provided in the following structure: Chapter: 1 Executive Summary. 2 Content. 3 Table of Acronyms. 4 Project Design. 5 Technical Design - Carbon Capture and Compression Plant. 6 Technical Design - Pipeline and Platform. 7 Technical Design - Wells and Storage. 8 Health and Safety. 9 Environment and Consents. 10 Project Management Reports. Summary commentary on each of the chapters is provided to give both context to the information supplied and to pull out key areas of learning in each section. The Key Knowledge Reference Book is available for download and supporting materials for each chapter are available. Note this dataset is a duplicate of the reports held at the National Archive which can be found at the following link -

Report: Longannet ScottishPower Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Consortium Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) - Chapter 01: Programme Abstract
In March 2010, the Scottish CCS (Carbon Capture & Storage) Consortium began an extensive Front End, Engineering and Design (FEED) study to assess what would be required from an engineering, commercial and regulatory, perspective in order to progress the CCS demonstration project at Longannet Power station in Scotland through to construction. The study yielded invaluable knowledge and the resulting material are available for download here. This chapter contains the output from many of the Project Management processes which control and report the progress of the FEED. The following commentary gives the reader a brief guide to the project management process or approach which has been used. FEED Programme: In order to scope out, control and report the FEED activity, a Work Breakdown Structure was developed. This structure had the following hierarchy - Level 1 - Chain Element; Level 2 - Phase; Level 3 - Discipline; Level 4 - Work Package (including Cost Time Resource definition); The programme is in the form of a fully resource loaded, logically linked network diagram. Risk Management: Throughout this FEED the management of risk was a key activity. This has helped inform and better understand the important risks faced by the project. This 'first of a kind' project saw a large number of new risks being identified, assessed, controlled and monitored during FEED. Project Cost Estimates: An estimating philosophy was established in FEED to set the standards for the estimates produced from across the project participants, including: To ensure a consistent approach in the collection, calculation and presentation of costs across all FEED Participants; To ensure that all likely project costs are identified and captured along with all associated details. A standard template was established for each participant to complete with the details of their section (i.e. Chain Element) of the cost estimate. The cost estimate was broadly consistent with Class 3/4 estimate as defined by AACE. Further supporting documents for chapter 10 of the Key Knowledge Reference Book can be downloaded. Note this dataset is a duplicate of the reports held at the National Archive which can be found at the following link -

Report: Longannet ScottishPower Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Consortium Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) - Chapter 02: FEED Cost Abstract
In March 2010, the Scottish CCS (Carbon Capture & Storage) Consortium began an extensive Front End, Engineering and Design (FEED) study to assess what would be required from an engineering, commercial and regulatory, perspective in order to progress the CCS demonstration project at Longannet Power station in Scotland through to construction. The study yielded invaluable knowledge and the resulting material are available for download here. This section of the report contains a high-level monthly summary of the total costs incurred performing the Consortium's FEED study. This information is provided with the aim of enabling potential developers of CCS projects to estimate up front FEED costs. A detailed cost breakdown is also provided for each of the key parties within the Consortium in the form of Cost, Time and Resource (CTR) information in PDFs below, under the following references: UKCCS - KT - S1.0 - SP - 001 ScottishPower CTR Summary; UKCCS - KT - S1.0 - ACC - 001 Aker Clean Carbon CTR Summary; UKCCS - KT - S1.0 - NG - 001 National Grid CTR Summary; UKCCS - KT - S1.0 - Shell - 001 Shell CTR Summary; The detailed CTR information provides a breakdown of the actual labour effort used for the totality of the FEED scope of work, presented by month and by CTR activity, the type of expertise used, the number of hours worked and the associated costs. The split between internal and external costs is shown, together with the original budget estimates developed for each CTR prior to commencing FEED. The appropriate summary section from the Feed Close Out Report can be downloaded as a PDF (FEED cost.pdf). The main text of the FEED Close Out Report, together with the supporting appendix for this section can be downloaded as PDF files. Note this dataset is a duplicate of the reports held at the National Archive which can be found at the following link -

Report: Longannet ScottishPower Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Consortium Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) - Chapter 03: Design Abstract
In March 2010, the Scottish CCS (Carbon Capture & Storage) Consortium began an extensive Front End, Engineering and Design (FEED) study to assess what would be required from an engineering, commercial and regulatory, perspective in order to progress the CCS demonstration project at Longannet Power station in Scotland through to construction. The study yielded invaluable knowledge and the resulting material are available for download here. This section of the report provides details on the organisation and management of the design as well as key design information for the End-to-End CCS chain. This includes the following: Organisation of the design teams; The End-to-End Basis of Design; The design life; The End-to-End CCS chain process; Piping and instrumentation diagrams; Plant and site layout drawings for the various sites; Equipment; Plant and equipment specifications; Subsurface engineering design reports; No attempt has been made to generalise design data. All of the design information presented is specific to the ScottishPower Consortium Project and has been presented to provide an insight into the development of the End-to-End CCS solution. The FEED design study was based on the Outline Solution developed by the Consortium prior to FEED. The Outline Solution was a conceptual design for the End-to-End CCS chain that was considered to be technically feasible within the constraints of the knowledge available at the time. It included a series of optioneering studies to identify the preferred design for this particular project. During FEED, the Outline Solution design was developed in greater detail to reduce the cost and technical uncertainty, and consequently reduce the financial, programme and technical risks prior to commencing the implementation stage of the project. It must be stressed that a FEED study is carried out to develop a design to the degree that the technical and programme risks are reduced to the agreed limits to better inform the project cost estimate. The current status is that the design has been progressed as far as is practicable within the time and cost constraints of the FEED study. Specifications and datasheets for major equipment have been developed in order that they can be issued to potential suppliers during the implementation phase of the project. The FEED study identified further activities that cannot be performed at the FEED stage of the project but which have been recorded as actions for further investigation during the implementation stage. The FEED study has advanced the development of the application of CCS technology considerably. Though research and conceptual studies are essential to the development of any new technology, they cannot identify many of the difficult design issues that are identified and addressed during a FEED study. Similarly the progress from FEED to the implementation phase is expected to present further challenges for a project of this novel nature. However, the advantage of a FEED study is that the main issues that could present high cost or programme difficulties or even potential 'show stoppers' should already have been identified and, where possible, addressed. Key decisions and design changes taken during the FEED study are explained in Section 11 of the report. The FEED study indicates that CCS remains technically feasible. The appropriate summary section from the Feed Close Out Report can be downloaded as a PDF (Design.pdf). The main text of the FEED Close Out Report, together with the supporting appendix for this section can be downloaded as PDF files.

Report: Longannet ScottishPower Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Consortium Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) - Chapter 04: End to End CCS Chain Operations Abstract
In March 2010, the Scottish CCS (Carbon Capture & Storage) Consortium began an extensive Front End, Engineering and Design (FEED) study to assess what would be required from an engineering, commercial and regulatory, perspective in order to progress the CCS demonstration project at Longannet Power station in Scotland through to construction. The study yielded invaluable knowledge and the resulting material are available for download here. This section of the report illustrates how the End-to-End CCS chain must be considered as a system as well as separate elements. It builds upon the description of the individual elements contained in Section 3, and captures the development of the End-to-End CCS chain design carried out during FEED. Specifically, this section focuses on the following aspects: Commissioning the system in preparation for operations, as well as decommissioning at the end of the capture and storage period; Operations and maintenance activities; Control; Metering and monitoring; Venting; This section also provides some selected information on the individual CCS chain elements and a summary of the RAM (reliability, availability and maintainability) analysis undertaken during FEED of which one of the key outputs was the anticipated CO2 injection profile for the project. The appropriate summary section from the Feed Close Out Report can be downloaded as a PDF (End to end CCS chain operation.pdf). The main text of the FEED Close Out Report, together with the supporting appendix for this section can be downloaded as PDF files. Note this dataset is a duplicate of the reports held at the National Archive which can be found at the following link -

Report: Longannet ScottishPower Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Consortium Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) - Chapter 05: FEED Decisions Abstract
In March 2010, the Scottish CCS (Carbon Capture & Storage) Consortium began an extensive Front End, Engineering and Design (FEED) study to assess what would be required from an engineering, commercial and regulatory, perspective in order to progress the CCS demonstration project at Longannet Power station in Scotland through to construction. The study yielded invaluable knowledge and the resulting material are available for download here. This section of the report provides a summary of key decisions and design changes made during FEED that have resulted from the development of the End-to-End solution and the design works conducted by each of the Consortium Partners. The information described in this section captures the design decisions and changes that have had the most prominent impact on the End-to-End Basis of Design. For each key design change/decision, the background, options considered and the final outcome is described. The ScottishPower CCS Consortium Decision Register can be found in PDFs . The appropriate summary section from the Feed Close Out Report can be downloaded as a PDF (Key FEED decisions.pdf). The main text of the FEED Close Out Report, together with the supporting appendix for this section can be downloaded as PDF files. Note this dataset is a duplicate of the reports held at the National Archive which can be found at the following link -

Report: Longannet ScottishPower Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Consortium Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) - Chapter 06: Health, Safety and Environment Abstract
In March 2010, the Scottish CCS (Carbon Capture & Storage) Consortium began an extensive Front End, Engineering and Design (FEED) study to assess what would be required from an engineering, commercial and regulatory, perspective in order to progress the CCS demonstration project at Longannet Power station in Scotland through to construction. The study yielded invaluable knowledge and the resulting material are available for download here. This section provides information on how the Consortium approaches the health, safety and environmental aspects of the End-to-End CCS chain. The key components of the Health and Safety (H&S) Policies already in place for each Consortium Partner include: Commitment from top level management; Systematic approach to ensure legal compliance; Provision of training to develop H&S awareness and competence; Providing a safe and healthy work environment; Identify, assess and control hazards and risks; Set targets and objectives for improvement; Monitor, measure and review H&S performance; Report on H&S performance, both internally and externally; Extend the policy to contractors and monitor their compliance; Include H&S performance in staff appraisal and reward accordingly; Achieve continuous improvement; This section gives some background and the key drivers to health, safety and environmental aspects of carbon capture, transportation and storage. The narrative describes the Consortium's method of integrating process safety activities with the overall design process. In the appendices, the full End-to-End CCS safety report is provided, followed by detailed summaries of all the CCS chain specific health, safety and environmental work undertaken during FEED. The appropriate summary section from the Feed Close Out Report can be downloaded as a PDF (Health, safety and environment.pdf). The main text of the FEED Close Out Report, together with the supporting appendix for this section can be downloaded as PDF files. Note this dataset is a duplicate of the reports held at the National Archive which can be found at the following link -

Report: Longannet ScottishPower Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Consortium Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) - Chapter 07: Risk Management Abstract
In March 2010, the Scottish CCS (Carbon Capture & Storage) Consortium began an extensive Front End, Engineering and Design (FEED) study to assess what would be required from an engineering, commercial and regulatory, perspective in order to progress the CCS demonstration project at Longannet Power station in Scotland through to construction. The study yielded invaluable knowledge and the resulting material are available for download here. This section of the report aims to inform potential developers of CCS of the impact of risks on the design of large-scale CCS. It discusses the ScottishPower CCS Consortium approach to risk management, looking particularly at the identification and mitigation of specific areas of risks during FEED and the mitigating actions required for the major residual risks. The section covers five key areas: Overview of the risk assessment process through FEED, including mitigation measures, major movement of the Top 50 risks on the Risk Register, and current active risks; Mitigation strategies for major project risks; Mitigation strategies for those risks with the potential to cause significant delay to the Overall Project Programme; Allocation and insurability of risks; Integrity and risk assessment of existing plant to be integrated; From the outset of FEED, risk management was co-ordinated by the Risk Workstream. The Risk Workstream included representatives of each of the Consortium Partners and Aker Clean Carbon. The Risk Workstream had a remit to capture, codify and report on progress with risk management throughout the study. The management of the risks themselves remained with the risk owners. The Consortium's risk management strategy was based on the provision of a cross-Consortium, over-arching risk management framework. This was developed to: Provide visibility of the Consortium's risk exposure Make best use of the Consortium Partners' risk management experience Facilitate the assessment of the impact of changes within the scope of one Partner's risk profile to the others Encourage the identification of risks at Partner interfaces Provide consistent risk reporting across the Consortium in line with agreed requirements Each Consortium Partner was responsible for reporting monthly on their risks to the Consortium risk lead, who in turn collated the Consortium Partner updates and reported the overall Consortium risk status to the Consortium Management Office and DECC to show how the total risk value changed over the course of FEED. The appropriate summary section from the Feed Close Out Report can be downloaded as a PDF (Risk management.pdf). The main text of the FEED Close Out Report, together with the supporting appendix for this section can be downloaded as PDF files. Note this dataset is a duplicate of the reports held at the National Archive which can be found at the following link -

Report: Longannet ScottishPower Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Consortium Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) - Chapter 08: Consents and Permitting Abstract
In March 2010, the Scottish CCS (Carbon Capture & Storage) Consortium began an extensive Front End, Engineering and Design (FEED) study to assess what would be required from an engineering, commercial and regulatory, perspective in order to progress the CCS demonstration project at Longannet Power station in Scotland through to construction. The study yielded invaluable knowledge and the resulting material are available for download here. This section of the report provides details of the regulatory work carried out during FEED to achieve the legal requirements of constructing and operating an End-to-End CCS system within European, UK and Scottish legislative frameworks, including implications for consenting of the power plant from which CO2 is to be captured. During the development of the Outline Solution for the UKCCS Demonstration Competition, the Consortium developed a comprehensive Consents Register that tracks month by month progress and captures all relevant Consents, permits and licenses required by the End-to-End CCS chain. A summary of the Consortium progress as of the end of Q1 2011 is provided. Written against a backdrop of significant regulatory change and uncertainty, this report also outlines the process undertaken in identifying consenting risk and provides commentary on the key risks identified, as contained within the project Risk Register. The appropriate summary section from the Feed Close Out Report can be downloaded as a PDF (Consents and permitting.pdf). The main text of the FEED Close Out Report, together with the supporting appendix for this section can be downloaded as PDF files. Note this dataset is a duplicate of the reports held at the National Archive which can be found at the following link -

Report: Longannet ScottishPower Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Consortium Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) - Chapter 09: Stakeholder Profiling Abstract
In March 2010, the Scottish CCS (Carbon Capture & Storage) Consortium began an extensive Front End, Engineering and Design (FEED) study to assess what would be required from an engineering, commercial and regulatory, perspective in order to progress the CCS demonstration project at Longannet Power station in Scotland through to construction. The study yielded invaluable knowledge and the resulting material are available for download here. The UK Government's basic premise for financially supporting CCS demonstration is to facilitate further commercial scale CCS projects in the UK and internationally. DECC have made knowledge transfer activities a key requirement of the UKCCS Demonstration Competition. The Consortium identified stakeholder groups particularly relevant for knowledge transfer activities. Stakeholders were categorised in terms of: Knowledge needs; Potential to influence CCS deployment; Experience/ expertise they can bring to demonstration knowledge; Potential to disseminate demonstration knowledge; The assessment identified six priority audience groups: Academics, Environmental NGOs, Finance and Insurance, Industry, Initiatives and Developers and Regulatory and Policy. The Stakeholder Profiling Interviews sought to answer the following questions: Who are the key CCS stakeholders? What information are these stakeholders interested in from a CCS demonstration? What are the preferred methods for key stakeholders to receive and access information? Are the key stakeholders interested in interacting with CCS demonstrations, and if so, what is the preferred method to facilitate this interaction? This section of the FEED Close Out Report combines over 30 stakeholder interviews, with examples of knowledge transfer leading practice. Other FEED workstreams considered wider stakeholder engagement, for example, local community engagement and public communication. The appropriate summary section from the Feed Close Out Report can be downloaded as a PDF (Stakeholder profiling.pdf). The main text of the FEED Close Out Report, together with the supporting appendix for this section can be downloaded as PDF files. Note this dataset is a duplicate of the reports held at the National Archive which can be found at the following link -

Report: Longannet ScottishPower Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Consortium Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) - Chapter 10: CCS Project Costs Abstract
In March 2010, the Scottish CCS (Carbon Capture & Storage) Consortium began an extensive Front End, Engineering and Design (FEED) study to assess what would be required from an engineering, commercial and regulatory, perspective in order to progress the CCS demonstration project at Longannet Power station in Scotland through to construction. The study yielded invaluable knowledge and the resulting material are available for download here. This section of the report contains the cost estimate for the End-to-End CCS chain for the purposes of providing potential developers of CCS projects with indicative cost information regarding capital expenditure, operating costs and decommissioning/ abandonment costs. One of the key objectives of the FEED phase of the UKCCS Demonstration Competition was to increase the cost certainty for the overall project. During development of the Outline Solution, costs were estimated to an accuracy of -30% to +50%. Through the design and project development across the various Consortium workstreams (as outlined in the previous sections of this report), it has been possible to refine this accuracy and increase the cost certainty of the indicative core capital costs to approximately -12%/+15% accuracy. The appropriate summary section from the Feed Close Out Report can be downloaded as a PDF (CCS project costs.pdf). The main text of the FEED Close Out Report, together with the supporting appendix for this section can be downloaded as PDF files. Note this dataset is a duplicate of the reports held at the National Archive which can be found at the following link -

Report: Longannet ScottishPower Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Consortium Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) - Chapter 11: Lessons Learned Abstract
In March 2010, the Scottish CCS (Carbon Capture & Storage) Consortium began an extensive Front End, Engineering and Design (FEED) study to assess what would be required from an engineering, commercial and regulatory, perspective in order to progress the CCS demonstration project at Longannet Power station in Scotland through to construction. The study yielded invaluable knowledge and the resulting material are available for download here. This section of the report is provided as a support document to the tangible learning and documentation contained within the FEED Close Out Report and accompanying appendices. The experiential learning of the teams working across key functions of the FEED study was captured in guided discussions halfway through FEED to establish the specific challenges, successes and learning of the various workstreams involved in undertaking FEED. Representatives from all the workstreams were brought together in December 2010 for a Consortium-wide Lessons Learned Workshop to capture specific, discrete lessons that could benefit future CCS FEED studies in the UK and abroad. Five key themes emerged consistently across workstreams: Ensuring an appropriate mobilisation period Early engagement with key stakeholders Cross-Consortium communication to present an integrated Consortium Recognising restrictions imposed by the bounds of a competitive procurement Working with uncertainty across regulation, scope, budget and political will Workstream specific learning outcomes are summarised in the main report, with detailed examples included in the appendices. The technical and communication workstream appendices both contain examples of actual documents used during the ScottishPower Consortium FEED (National Grid CCS staff training material and the ScottishPower Consortium Communications Strategy) that were considered useful for future CCS project Developers. The appropriate summary section from the Feed Close Out Report can be downloaded as a PDF below (Lessons learned.pdf). The main text of the FEED Close Out Report, together with the supporting appendix for this section can be downloaded as PDF files. Note this dataset is a duplicate of the reports held at the National Archive which can be found at the following link -

Research Infrastructure CzechGeo/EPOS
Website of the CzechGeo/EPOS consortium (Comprehensive system for observing geophysical fields operated by geoscience institutions in the Czech Republic). The purpose of this website is to be the main platform of the geophysical community for obtaining information about activities in this field and for informing the public. The website functions as a central signpost for access to geophysical, geodetic and geological data and services in the Czech Republic.

Research on a thermally loaded rock (project)
Website of the project "Research on a thermally loaded rock - perspectives of underground thermal energy storage" (2011-2014). The aim of the project was to study the thermal energy flow in the rock environment built of granitic rocks, both in terms of efficiency as well as safety.

Resilient Economy and Society by Integrated SysTems modelling (RESIST) (NERC grant NE/N012143/1)
Hazards data in Sichuan (Dechang, Anning River catchment), China. Data include rainfall, earthquake, river catchment, boundary, geological map, soil map, land-cover map, road-map, DEM.

REST API Service for The Geothermal Information Platform of Hungary (OGRE)
This Server provides the following REST API Feature services: Base of Quaternary (Kvarter talp), Base of Upper Pannonian (Felső-pannóniai talp), Base of Pannoanian (Pannóniai talp), Top of the pre-Cenozoic basement (Prekainozoos aljzat felszíne), Depth of the 30°C isotherm (A 30 °C izoterma becsült mélysége), Depth of the 50°C isotherm (Az 50 °C izoterma becsült mélysége), Depth of the 75°C isotherm (A 75 °C izoterma becsült mélysége), Depth of the 100°C isotherm (A 100 °C izoterma becsült mélysége), Depth of the 125°C isotherm (A 125 °C izoterma becsült mélysége), Thermal water well (Hévízkút), Status of thermal water wells (Hévízkút állapot), Geothermal gradient of thermal water wells (Hévízkutak geotermikus gradiense), Temperature of the pre-Cenozoic basement (A prekainozoos aljzatfelszín hőmérséklete (konduktív modell)), Geothermal projects (Geotermikus projektek), Quaternary 30-50 °C top (Kvarter 30–50 °C tető), Quaternary 30-50 °C bottom (Kvarter 30–50 °C talp), Upper Pannonian 30-50 °C top (Felső-pannóniai 30–50 °C tető), Upper Pannonian 30-50 °C bottom (Felső-pannóniai 30–50 °C talp), Upper Pannonian 50-75 °C top (Felső-pannóniai 50–75 °C tető), Upper Pannonian 50-75 °C bottom (Felső-pannóniai 50–75 °C talp), Upper Pannonian 75-100 °C top (Felső-pannóniai 75–100 °C tető), Upper Pannonian 75-100 °C bottom (Felső-pannóniai 75–100 °C talp), Upper Pannonian 100-125 °C top (Felső-pannóniai 100–125 °C tető), Upper Pannonian 100-125 °C bottom (Felső-pannóniai 100–125 °C talp), Upper Pannonian 125°C < top (Felső-pannóniai 125 °C < tető), Upper Pannonian 125°C < bottom (Felső-pannóniai 125 °C < talp), Drilled pre-Cenozoic limestone-dolomite below 2500 m (2500 m alatt megfúrt prekainozoos mészkő–dolomit réteg), Drilled pre-Cenozoic formations below 2500 m (2500 m alatt megfúrt prekainozoos réteg), Borehole deeper than 2500 m (2500 méternél mélyebb fúrás), Carbonate basement formation below 2500 m (2500 m-nél mélyebb karbonátos aljzatfelszín képződmény), Magmatic, metamorphic basement formation below 2500 m (2500 m-nél mélyebb mélységi magmás, metamorf aljzatfelszín képződmény), Unknown geology below 2500 m (2500 m-nél mélyebb ismeretlen aljzatú terület), Geothermal district heating (Geotermikus távfűtés), District heating (Egyéb távfűtés), Thermal groundwater body (Termálvíztest (VGT2))

Results files from computer simulations of fluid flow for 3D models of Ediacaran organisms and communities (NERC Grant NE/V010859/2)
Results files from computer simulations of fluid flow for 3D models of Ediacaran organisms and communities, generated using computational fluid dynamics. Simulations performed using the simulation software package COMSOL Multiphysics. Root folder names refer to initial trials ‘Cylinder Tests’), modern organisms (‘Chondrocladia lyra’), Ediacaran organisms (‘Pectinifrons’ and ‘Pterdinium’), and Ediacaran surfaces (‘Avalon’ and ‘White Sea’ surfaces). Sub-folder and file names refer to simulations performed with different models (e.g., ‘Base’, ‘Filled’ and ‘Flush’ Petridinium models), model orientations (e.g., 0°, 90°, and 180° to the inlet), current velocities (e.g., 0.15, 0.5 and 0.85 m/s), and turbulence models (e.g., Spalart Allmaras, shear stress transport, and large eddy simulation). Further details for Pectinifrons and Pteridinium available in Darroch et al. 2022 ( https://doi.org/10.1017/pab.2022.2) and Darroch et al. 2023 ( https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2023.105989), respectively. Files can be opened with COMSOL Multiphysics (www.comsol.com) versions 5.6 or 6.0 and above.

Results from geochemical surveys in urban areas
Laboratory results for the analysis of soil samples collected from urban areas during the baseline geochemical mapping programme of Britain. Sample sites are described on field slips. Chemical results are subjected to high level of quality control in the laboratory. Results are the raw data processed (standardisation and normalisation) to give seamless geochemical images and the value added G-BASE (Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment) data in the BGS geochemistry database.

Results from the regional geochemical mapping of Britain
Laboratory results for the analysis of geochemical samples (stream sediments, soil and water) collected for the high resolution geochemical mapping of mainland Britain. The programme of regional geochemical sampling began in 1968 in the northern Highlands of Scotland. Sample sites are described on field slips. Chemical results are subjected to high level of quality control in the laboratory. Results are the raw data processed (standardisation and normalisation) to give seamless geochemical images and the value added G-BASE (Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment ) data in the BGS geochemistry database.

Results of planktonic foraminifera biostratigraphy at Site U1559A (NERC Grant NE/W00478X/1)
Results of shore-based micropaleontological analysis, summarizing planktonic foraminifera biostratigraphy at Site U1559A. IODP Hole U1559A located in the central South Atlantic (30°15.6335′S, 15°2.0942′W). Collected data allowed to identify slumped interval of older material present within much younger upper part of the local sedimentary sequence.

Results of simulations of rotating Boussinesq convection in a planar geometry. (NERC grant NE/J007080/1)
Rotating Rayleigh-Benard convection. Table of the input and output parameters of the simulations. Snapshot of the temperature field, three components of the velocity and three components of the magnetic field in 3D. Data generated with a magnetohydrodynamical code of rotating Boussinesq convection in planar geometry (Cattaneo et al. 2003 ApJ 588 1183-1198). Data published in Guervilly, Hughes & Jones 2014 JFM 758 407-435 (DOI:10.1017/jfm.2014.542) and Guervilly, Hughes & Jones 2015 PRE 91 041001 (DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.91.041001)

Results of two sampling campaigns conducted in Kwale County Kenya in March and June 2016 by GHS/UPC as part of the Gro for GooD project (NERC grant NE/M008894/1)
Results of two sampling campaigns conducted in Kwale County Kenya in March and June 2016 by GHS/UPC as part of the Gro for GooD project. Water samples from over 79 groundwater and 6 surface water (SW) locations were analysed for major ions, stable isotopes, selected trace constituents, electrical conductivity, nitrates, ammonia, pH, DO (Dissolved Oxygen), Eh (oxidation / reduction potential), Temperature, TOC (Total Organic Carbon) and field alkalinity. Most locations were sampled in both March (dry season) and June (wet season). Geology at each location recorded as follows: P - Pliocene Sands, Pls - Pleistocene Sands, Plc - Pleistocene corals. Reference: First step to understand the importance of new deep aquifer pumping regime in groundwater system in a developing country, Kwale, Kenya; Ferrer et al, Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 18, EGU2016-16969, 2016; UPC - The Departement of Civil Enginyering de la Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya GHS - Grupo de Hidrologia Subterranea

Reykjanes Peninsula microseismicity (NERC Grant NE/W004690/1)
Contains location and associated parameter information for microseismicity detected in the Reykjanes peninsula between June 2020 and August 2021. Primary detection and location carried out using Quakemigrate. Template matching used to find very small magnitude events. GrowClust used to obtain accurate relative relocations. Local magnitudes of events also computed. Data from a total of 42 stations were used for the detection and location process. Repository also includes the 1-D velocity model used for the relocation.

Rhenium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Rhenium (Re), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Rheology of three-phase suspensions (NERC grant NE/K500999/1)
The data consists of a spreadsheet containing rheology data for 39 samples of syrup, containing air bubbles and/or spherical glass particles. These data were used by Truby et al. (2014) to support a model for the rheology of a three-phase suspension. Each sample was placed in the rheometer (concentric cylinder geometry), and the stress was stepped up and then down, taking a measurement of strain rate at each step. Further details of the experiments may be found in Truby et al. (2014). NERC grant is NE/K500999/1. Co-author working with a NERC grant, NE/G014426/1.

Rheometry data on ash from Mount Meager, British Columbia, Canada (NERC Grant NE/W003767/1)
Rheometry data on ash from Mt Meager, British Columbia, Canada. All measurements that generated these data were performed using an Anton Paar MCR302 rotational rheometer with an Anton Paar powder flow cell attached. The rotating measuring geometry is 24.16 mm in diameter and contains 20 evenly spaced depressions of 1.75 mm that extend the entire length of the measuring cylinder. The profiled nature of this geometry prevents particle slip during rotation. Shear rate sweeps were performed to characterise the rheological behaviour of our pyroclast-gas mixtures. ~50 g of sample (ash from Mt Meager, British Columbia, Canada) was loaded into the powder flow cell with the measuring geometry inserted. Then for a constant gas flux applied to the base of the powder flow cell, the measuring geometry was rotated to apply a range of shear rates starting at 0.1 s-1 ramping up to 328 s-1 with approximately 20 data points generated per decade. These shear rate sweeps were performed for monodisperse grain sizes from 500 µm to 63 µm at a range of volumetric gas flow rates. Specifically for the 500 µm sample the rheology experiments were performed at 0, 15, 30, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, and 70 L min-1. For the 250 µm sample the rheology experiments were performed at 0, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 L min-1. For the 125 µm sample the rheology experiments were performed at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, and 10 L min-1. For the 63 µm sample the rheology experiments were performed at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, and 5 L min-1.

Riga PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Riga, Latvia. It has been provided by CGG NPA Satellite Mapping as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Rio-Antirio PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Rio-Antirio, Greece. It has been provided by Harokopio University as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Risø output files of luminescence measurements (NERC Grant Grant NE/S007091/1)
Contains standard luminescence measurement files output from the Risø reader (SEC, SEQ, and BINX file types). This data set is comprised of standard files associated with a Risø Luminescence Reader. 48 sediment samples from New Zealand were analyzed using a modified version of pIRIR infrared analysis of feldspars, the 3ET protocol. Sample lab codes are listed in a separate file, along with corresponding site location IDs, field codes, and depth below surface. Three file types are included in this dataset: sec files: Contain the series of commands issued to the Risø Reader for a particular run. txt format, readable by Notepad or similar software. SEQ files: Sequence file used for programming in run sequences. These files are readable with Risø Sequence Editor software. binx files: A binary output file that records measurements made by the Reader. The format is described in Risø's software manuals and is typically accessed using the Risø Analyst software. The file in this data set have names that include the 5-digit sample lab code. A file can contain data from one or more samples. The word 'restart' appears in files where a machine run was interrupted and had to be restarted. The code 'MU' indicates a run where fading measurements were collected. A complete description of the Risø TL/OSL Reader, software, and associated file formats is available at: Free software for accessing binx and SEQ files is also available at the DTU link.

River data: Calabria, Italy (NERC grant NE/L002515/1)
River elevation and catchment area data for major rivers in Calabria, Italy (one river profile in each file). Data were extracted from 1 arc second SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) Digital Elevation Models using the Arc GIS hydrology toolbox between October 2015 and October 2019. These river profiles were acquired for fluvial inversion to calculate rock uplift in Calabria.

River channel bank height data for the Rio Beni, Bolivia (NERC grant NE/H009108/1)
Each file contains four columns of data representing: column 1: UTM Zone 19S Easting coordinate for survey location along the Rio Beni, Bolivia. column 2: UTM Zone 19S Northing coordinate for survey location along the Rio Beni, Bolivia. column 3: Measurment range from observer to bank in m column 4: Bank height in m (the difference between bank top and low flow water level) UTM coordinates were measured using a Trimble Global Position System with OmniSTAR HP correction Measurement range and bank height were measured using a GPS supported laser range finder (Impulse 200 LR< Laser Technology inc) Survey 1 was carried out between 15th and 19th September 2011, when the flow discharge within the Beni was in the range 453-530 cumecs Survey 2 was carried out between 20th and 23rd September 2011, when the flow discharge within the Beni was in the range 762-892 cumecs

River channel centreline positions for the Rio Beni, Bolivia (NERC grant NE/H009108/1)
Each contains two columns of data representing the UTM coordinates of the centre line of the Rio Beni in Bolivia. These coordinates were derived by digitising Landsat imagery and aerial photographs (1960 only). The number in the file name after "banks_c" corresponds to the year. Numbers in column 1: UTM Zone 19S Easting Numbers in column 2: UTM Zone 19S Northing

River Rating Curves and Equations, Kwale County, Kenya (NERC grant NE/M008894/1)
The data sets contain the rating curves and equations, approved stage (H) discharge (Q) data for the purposed of building river rating information for three hydrometric stations: 3KD06 and KISCOL weir on Mukurumudzi River and Eshu Bridge on Ramisi River, in Kwale. See also Wara et al. 2019: https://doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2019.114028

River water and suspended sediment chemistry from Nepal (NERC grant NE/N007441/1)
Cation, anion and Sr isotope data from Nepalese river water. Suspended sediment concentration, suspended sediment chemistry presented as wt% oxides from Nepalese rivers. Both the waters and sediments were collected following the 2015 earthquakes.

River Water Level Data, Kwale County, Kenya (NERC grant NE/M008894/1)
The dataset contains hourly river water level data for 3 monitoring sites; Mukurumudzi River (3KD06 Shimba Hills & KISCOL Weir) Ramisi River (Eshu Bridge) in Kwale County, Kenya

Rock Peg Vein
The Geological Survey Ireland (GSI), as partner and Work Package 7 (Minerals) leader of EMODnet Geology Phase III, are compiling information on rock peg vein deposits. EMODnet partners are submitting the spatial extent of mapped deposits and established information; here you can view data collated thus far. Need abstract information here.....

Rock Peg Vein (points)
The Geological Survey Ireland (GSI), as partner and Work Package 7 (Minerals) leader of EMODnet Geology Phase III, are compiling information on rock peg vein deposits. EMODnet partners are submitting the spatial extent of mapped deposits and established information; here you can view data collated thus far. Need abstract information here.....

Rockall Consortium (RCK) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 1998/1_RCK: West Shetland, Northern Rockall Trough, Hatton Bank (28/05/1998 to 17/06/1998)
This Rockall Consortium marine geophysical and sampling survey took place in May/June 1998 in the area of West Shetland, Northern Rockall Trough and Hatton Bank on board RRS Challenger. Subsurface seismic data were collected with an airgun and sparker. Bathymetry data was collected with a Simrad EA500. Seabed samples were collected with a gravity corer. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Report WB/92/42C, https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/529921/.

Rockall Consortium (RCK) Geophysical Survey 1992/1_RCK: Northern Rockall Trough and surrounding shallow water areas (10/05/1992 to 04/07/1992)
This marine geophysical survey took place from 03/05/1992 – 10/07/1992 in the Rockall Continental Margin on board the Kommandor Michael. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS). The aim of the survey was to investigate the shallow seismic structure along the eastern margin of the Rockall Bank, Northern Rockall Trough and adjacent banks. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were collected using Airgun, Sparker and Deep Tow Boomer systems. Gravity and Magnetic data were also acquired. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Technical Report WB/92/20C. Brett, CP and Dobinson, A. 1992. Rockall Continental Margin Project. Operations Report. GeoIndex Offshore -

Rockall Consortium (RCK) Geophysical Survey 1993/2_RCK: Northern Rockall Trough and adjacent areas (04/07/1993 to 14/08/1993)
This geophysical survey has been carried out by Digicon Geophysical, for British Geological Survey (BGS), the Multichannel Deep Seismic survey took place from July to August 1993 in the Rockall area on board the MV Acadian Searcher. The purpose was to collect data as part of Rockall Continental Margin Project: 1) to shoot a grid of lines on eastern flank of Rockall Bank; 2) to shot three long transect lines across Rockall Bank and the Rockall-Hatton Basin down to 18sec two-way time; 3) to acquire gravity data. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using Airguns. Gravity data were collected. These data were recorded digitally and are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/93/28C and contractor report. GeoIndex Offshore -

Rockall Consortium (RCK) Geophysical Survey 2000/1_RCK: Hatton Bank, Hatton-Rockall Basin, Rockall Bank (27/05/2000 to 09/07/2000)
This British Geological Survey (BGS) marine geophysical survey took place in May to July 2000 in the Hatton and Rockall Banks aboard the RV Colonel Templer. This was a regional geophysical survey to gather high resolution seismic, gravity and magnetic data of the area. A total of 5611km of data were collected in a grid of 58 survey tracks using a suite of seismic instruments (airgun, sparker and echo sounder) and also gravity meter and magnetometer. The data was recorded digitally and is archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Reports CR/00/42 ( https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/529920/) & CR/01/07. GeoIndex Offshore -

Rockall Consortium (RCK) Sampling Survey 1994/1_RCK:Rockall
This marine sampling survey comprised four 2-week legs and formed part of the Rockall Continental Margin Project. It was undertaken from April to June 1994 in the Hatton-Rockall area of the north Atlantic on board the MV Kommandor Therese. The purpose was: 1) to obtain short sea-bed cores for geological calibration of high-resolution seismic profiles obtained in 1992 as part of the same project. 2) to obtain short sea-bed gravity cores, targeted at specific structures, and subsequently geochemically analyse subsamples from these for traces of hydrocarbons. Sea-bed samples and cores were collected using Gravity corer, Vibrocorer and Rockdrill. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Technical Report WB/94/20C. Geological and geochemical results are contained in report WB/95/11C. Extra geochemical results are contained in WI/95/14C.

Rockall Consortium (RCK) Sampling Survey 1994/3_RCK: Rockall Boreholes (05/Sept/1994 to 27/Sep/1994)
This sampling survey has been carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) for BGS, the survey took place in September 1994 in the Rockall Bank/Rockall Trough area on board the MS Bucentaur. The purpose was to collect borehole data as part of the Rockall continental Margin Project. Sample data were collected at seven borehole sites using wireline drilling equipment. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/94/30C.

Rockall Consortium (RCK) Sampling Survey 1999/1_RCK: Rockall boreholes
This sampling survey has been carried out by British Geological Survey (BGS) for the Rockall Consortium, the survey took place from to June-July 1999 in the Hatton and Rockall Banks, west of Shetland, Faroe-Shetland Channel areas on board the MS Bucentaur. The purpose was to collect data as part of the Rockall Consortium to provide an insight into the largely undefined geology of the Hatton Bank and Faeroe Bank area and provide further calibration for seismic data in the west of Shetland area. Sample data (boreholes) were collected using wireline drilling equipment. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS report WB/19/16C. Geological details are contained in BGS report WB/99/21C.

Rome PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Rome, Italy. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland - Aerial Photographs
A collection of aerial photographs providing national coverage supplied to BGS by Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland (RCAHMS). The aerial photos bought by BGS were taken during a two year period from 1988-89 and were bought by BGS for individual mapping projects. The photos are a copy of the originals held by the RCAHMS. Since 1976, RCAHMS has undertaken an annual programme of aerial survey, recording archaeological sites, monuments and buildings throughout Scotland. All RCAHMS data is crown copyright. The photos are for internal BGS use but external users are welcome to view them at BGS, an appointment must be made first. An index is provided on the Geoscience Data Index (GDI).

Rubidium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Rubidium (Rb), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Running sand dataset (5km Hex-Grid) version 7
The 5km Hex GS Running Sand dataset shows a generalised view of the GeoSure Running Sand v7 dataset to a hexagonal grid resolution of 64.95km coverage area (side length of 5km). This dataset indicates areas of potential ground movement in a helpful and user-friendly format. The rating is based on a highest level of susceptibility identified within that Hex area: Low (1), Moderate (2), Significant (3). Areas of localised significant rating are also indicated. The summarising process via spatial statistics at this scale may lead to under or over estimation of the extent of a hazard. The supporting GeoSure reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. The Running Sand methodology is based on the BGS Digital Map (DiGMapGB-50) and expert knowledge of the behaviour of the formations so defined. This dataset provides an assessment of the potential for a geological deposit to show running sand behaviour under the action of flowing water, a characteristic usually of saturated sand and silt grade material. Complete Great Britain national coverage is available.

Running sand dataset (5km Hex-Grid) version 8
The 5km Hex GS Running Sand dataset shows a generalised view of the GeoSure Running Sand v8 dataset to a hexagonal grid resolution of 64.95km coverage area (side length of 5km). This dataset indicates areas of potential ground movement in a helpful and user-friendly format. The rating is based on a highest level of susceptibility identified within that Hex area: Low (1), Moderate (2), Significant (3). Areas of localised significant rating are also indicated. The summarising process via spatial statistics at this scale may lead to under or over estimation of the extent of a hazard. The supporting GeoSure reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. The Running Sand methodology is based on the BGS Digital Map (DiGMapGB-50) and expert knowledge of the behaviour of the formations so defined. This dataset provides an assessment of the potential for a geological deposit to show running sand behaviour under the action of flowing water, a characteristic usually of saturated sand and silt grade material. Complete Great Britain national coverage is available.

Rutile Ages and Compositions, Bhutan (NERC Grant NE/H016279/1)
Samples of high-grade amphibolite-facies gneiss collected from north west Bhutan. Data comprises samples mineral chemistry data, U-Pb rutile data and garnet trace element compositions.

Rybnik_Ostrava PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Rybnik_Ostrava, Poland. It has been provided by GAMMA Remote Sensing as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

S - Soil media (DRASTIC)
S layer represents soil media with direct assignment of S index values (Soil Map of Greece 1:500.000)

S - Soil media (DRASTIC)
S layer represents soil media with direct assignment of S index values for each pedological unit and information from pedological profiles and litho-geochemical map (where no profiles were available). The highest values correspond to lithologies that don't constitute soils or at least very shallow ones (< 30 cm). The lowest values are significant for areas with deeper soil layers (sedimentary rocks).

S - Soil Media (DRASTIC)
The aquifer media layer is created by direct assignment of soil layer to S index values from 1-10. The majority of the pilot area (80 %) is covered by subsoils > 5 m thick, with further 10 % subsoils are > 3 m thick. The majority of the catchment is given the lower ‘S’-ratings due to soil and subsoil cover, with areas of little or no soil given a value of 10.

S - Soil Media (DRASTIC)
The soil media layer is created by direct assignment of soil layer to S index values from 1-10. Rock outcrops frequently and there is little or no subsoil over much of teh catchment. The majority of the catchment is given the higher ‘S’-ratings due to lack of soil and subsoil cover, with areas of little or no soil given a value of 10.

factor S of DRASTIC groundwater vulnerability of Traun-Enns-Platte/AUSTRIA

Soil media, for Sarmatian aquifer in Dobrogea de Sud, Romania

Salt Creek Oil Field: Noble Gas Injection and Recovery Gas Compositions (2010) (NERC Grant NE/F002823/2)
3He and 129Xe were introduced into a CO2 stream that was in injected into the Salt Creek oil field, Wyoming. Samples of the injected CO2 and gas recovered from nearby boreholes were collected and returned for compositional and noble gas isotopic analysis.

Salt structures in the North Sea area
Salt diapirs and salt pillows in the North Sea Area

Salzburg PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Salzburg, Austria. It has been provided by Altamira Information as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Samarium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Samarium (Sm), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Sample list for the SoS RARE project (Security of Supply of Rare Earths) (NERC Grant NE/M01116X/1)
This dataset is an overall sample list, as an Excel spreadsheet, providing details of the major sample suites collected during the SoS RARE project (2015-2017). It includes location details for samples collected in a range of localities worldwide. The samples are chiefly rocks and soils. Most material is still held by the institutions that did the work, as recorded in the sample list. The dataset also includes partial details of work that has been done on the samples. However time constraints have prevented complete update of the spreadsheet and so it is uploaded here to provide the best record possible of the available sample material.

Sample Locations for Thermochronometric Analysis of Recent deformation across the Basin and Range (NERC Grant NE/N015479/1)
Locations of samples collected to constrain the recent activity on normal faults across Nevada. The geological samples will be used to measure the amount of exhumation that different normal faults of the Basin and Range experienced over the last 5 million years. The samples have been collected from granitic rocks that are expected to yield apatite crystals. (Uranium-Thorium)/Helium thermochronometry will be conducted on these samples to determine the cooling history of rocks from temperatures of approximately 70 degrees celsius. The samples are collected across Nevada at locations close to the fault to determine the most recent stages of exhumation. The ranges sampled are the Wassuk Range, White Range, Toiyabe Range, South Egan Range, Schell Range, Wheeler Range, House Range, Wasatch, Deep Greek, Ruby Range, Cortez Range, Humbolt Range, Dixie Valley, and Carson Range. Samples weigh approximately 2kg each. This sample coverage will constrain extension rates across the Basin and Range which is of interest to geologists, geodynamicists, and researchers interested in fault hazard.

Sampling Survey 2014/5_MINIMOUND Belgica Cruise 2014/16: Bay of Biscay (13/Jun/2014 to 23/Jun/2014)
This marine sampling survey 2014/5_MINIMOUND Belgica 2014/16, took place from 13/6/2014 to 23/6/2014 in the Bay of Biscay aboard Research Vessel Belgica. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS), Ghent University and Plymouth University as part of the FWO MINIMOUND project. Seabed samples were collected using British Geological Survey 6m vibrocorer. This archive contains acquisition data as supplied. This is a collaborative survey with Ghent University, Plymouth University and British Geological Survey as part of FWO MINIMOUND project. The aim of the survey was assessment of environmental drivers and anthropogenic impact using cold-water coral mini-mounds as analogue for giant mound growth. The cores will be archived by University of Ghent. Technical details of the survey are contained in RV Belgica Cruise 2014/16 report.

Sampling Survey 2015/3_Minimound 2015/15 Belgica: Bay of Biscay (29/May/2015 to 07/Jun/2015)
This marine sampling survey 2015/3_MINIMOUND Belgica 2015/15, took place from 29/5/2015 to 7/6/2015 in the Bay of Biscay aboard Research Vessel Belgica. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS), Ghent University and Plymouth University as part of the FWO MINIMOUND project. Seabed samples were collected using British Geological Survey 6m vibrocorer. This archive contains acquisition data as supplied. This is a collaborative survey with Ghent University, Plymouth University and British Geological Survey as part of FWO MINIMOUND project. The aim of the survey was assessment of environmental drivers and anthropogenic impact using cold-water coral mini-mounds as analogue for giant mound growth. The cores will be archived by University of Ghent. Technical details of the survey are contained in RV Belgica Cruise 2015/15 report.

Sand and gravel resources assessment records: Scotland.
'Archive' collection of c.3,000 records of the former Industrial Minerals Assessment Unit (IMAU) relating to sand and gravel assessment projects in Scotland, 1978-88. Includes borehole and trial pit records, grading and resource assessment data and aggregate tests.

Santiaguito Volcano 2014-2018 explosion catalogue (NERC Grant NE/P007708/1)
Seismic waveforms from an explosion catalogue from a seismic network at Santiaguito volcano between November 2014 and December 2018. A network of 6 broadband and 6 short-period stations was used to record explosive volcanic activity. Waveforms from 18,895 explosions have been automatically been detected and extracted.

Santo Stefano d'Aveto PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Santo Stefano d'Aveto, Italy. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Satellite imagery of the UK/World (digital)
**This dataset has been withdrawn and is no longer avaible from BGS** The database contains satellite images of the UK purchased by the BGS or on its behalf by NERC. It includes data from the Lansdat, SPOT, Radarsat and ERS satellites. The images are stored in proprietary format on various types of magnetic media. The data are currently stored by path-row scene numbers and as mosaics on tapes, CDs and drives. Entire UK is covered by the dataset, however, there are gaps in coverage from individual sensors. Coverage exists for countries (or parts of countries) where work has been carried out.

Scales of preservation and root causes of mantle heterogeneities in the Iapetan Ocean convecting upper mantle NERC grant NE/J00457X/1
Although the terrestrial mantle comprises ~80 vol.% of our planet, its compositional architecture is not well understood despite the importance such knowledge holds for constraining Earth's thermal and chemical evolution over ~4.5 billion years of geological time. Our lack of detailed insight into the mantle stems in part from the fact that it is rarely exposed at our planets surface, making direct observation and study difficult. It is clear from recent study, however, that the mantle cannot be assumed to be compositionally homogenous or static over geological time. Peridotites from the ocean basins (abyssal peridotites) and from ophiolites preserve evidence for a convecting upper mantle that is chemically and isotopically heterogeneous at regional (100's km) and small (cm-to-m) scales. Complex formation and alteration upper mantle histories involving processes of melt-depletion, refertilisation (whereby originally refractory residues such as harzburgites become lherzolites again via melt addition) and melt-rock reaction have been held responsible, but the causes, timing and distribution of such processes are poorly resolved. Ophiolites, which represent partially-to-wholly preserved slivers of obducted oceanic mantle, are particularly valuable resources for assessing the timing, causes and extent of mantle heterogeneity, as they allow field-based observation to be coupled with geochemical investigation on otherwise inaccessible mantle material. Furthermore, ophiolites preserve a range of oceanic mantle lithologies (e.g., harzburgites, lherzolite and dunite) and such variation allows detailed assessment of the distribution and relative timing of events acting upon the mantle that is preserved. A distinctive attribute of some ophiolites, which contrasts with abyssal peridotites, is the presence of podiform chromitite seams, typically in the region of the petrological Moho, which are often associated with Platinum-group element mineralization. The timing and genesis of ophiolite podiform chromitites is controversial, but it has been suggested that they represent zones of focused melt channeling in supra-subduction zone settings. The Shetland (UK) and Leka (Norway) supra-subduction zone ophiolites comprise oceanic lithosphere separated at ~620 Ma on either side of a mid-ocean ridge and subsequently obducted over continental crust ~130 Ma later, each on opposite sides of the northern Iapetus Ocean. A pilot study already carried out on the Shetland ophiolite by the PI and Project Partner reveals that it preserves evidence for a complex sequence of melt depletion, percolation and refertilisation events that occurred over the lifetime of the Iapetus mantle. The critical observation made from the pilot dataset is that later mantle events only partially overprint the compositional heterogeneities developed from earlier mantle processes and that the relatively high degrees of partial melting associated with the supra-subduction zone are very effective at generating such heterogeneity. This important observation will be tested in the proposed research by 1) extending the Shetland study to greater levels of detail; 2) inclusion of a comparative study of carefully selected samples from the well-preserved Leka ophiolite; 3) drawing comparisons with existing geochemical and isotopic datasets from ophiolites that formed in other (e.g., mid-ocean ridge) tectonic settings. In order to achieve this, the powerful combination of the Re-Os isotopic system and highly-siderophile element (Os, Ir, Ru, Rh, Pt, Pd, Re, Au) abundance measurements will be utilised to discriminate between the processes responsible for generating mantle heterogeneities such as melt depletion, refertilisation and melt-rock reaction. Thus, profound insight will be gained into the chemical evolution of a piece of oceanic mantle and the development of compositional heterogeneity therein, from outcrop to oceanic plate scales, over much of the lifetime of the Iapetus Ocean.

Scandium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Scandium (Sc), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Scanned images of deep mine data
Scanned images of primary Geological Data resulting from deep underground coal exploration and exploitation. Collection of data includes reports, interpretations and records of research in British coalfield areas deposited by the Coal Authority. Data for past and current collieries and for future prospects. The majority of the collection was deposited with the National Geological Records Centre by the Coal Authority in July 2001. The collection includes borehole site plans, borehole logs , analyses and geophysical data etc. A large percentage of this data will eventually be linked to existing collections.

Scanned images of Falkland Islands Mapping
The dataset comprises scanned images of maps and aerial photographs of the Falkland Islands. The original maps are printers films and final paper printed originals of Falkland Islands OS maps, compiled for the Falkland Islands Government and the Foreign and Commonwealth Office by the Overseas Directorate of the Ordnance Survey. The Falkland Islands Government retains copyright interest in the maps. There are no access or usage constraints for BGS staff for BGS purposes. The field slips of geological maps were compiled by BGS under contract to the Falkland Islands Government. Copyright remains with the Falkland Islands Government , but there are no access or usage constraints for BGS staff for BGS purposes. Access to both datasets are restricted to BGS staff.

Scanned images of seismological papers and reports compiled by John Wartnaby
Scanned collection of seismological journals and offprints. The original collection was compiled by John Wartnaby. John Wartnaby was a curator at the Science Museum, London, and wrote a historical survey of seismology and scientific instruments. His accumulated papers consist chiefly of offprints and articles, and many older British Association seismological reports. The collection is part of the National Seismological Archive.

Scanned images of the BGS borehole records collection.
Scanned images of the records of all onshore Great Britain (or near shore) boreholes, trial pits, shafts and wells held in the BGS archives in either paper, microfilm or digital format. The records range from simple single page lithological logs through to hydrocarbon completion reports. Current collection over 1million records with 50,000 new records added per annum. Scanning started in 2002 and is ongoing with new records being scanned and added to the collection.

Scanned images of the BGS collection of large scale geological field maps.
This dataset comprises scanned images of the manuscript geological maps produced by the Survey geologists or other recognised geologists on County Series (1:10560) and National Grid (1:10560 and 1:10000) Ordnance Survey base maps. The collection also includes similar maps compiled from other sources. Currently the dataset contains over 35,000 scanned images. Original maps date from the 1860s, and cover surveys in Great Britain, scanning started in 2003.

Scanned images of the BGS site investigation report collection
Scanned images of the records of onshore Great Britain (or near shore) site investigation reports held in the BGS archives in paper, microfilm or digital format. The entire collections in BGS Edinburgh have been scanned, but in BGS Keyworth currently only new reports received since 2002. Scanning started in 2002 and is ongoing with new records being scanned and added to the collection. Images are stored in TIFF format (Tagged Image File Format). Indexed on the site investigation database and the boreholes within the report, and their images, are associated via the borehole database.

Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) data from samples collected from sites of lithified artifical ground (Warton, Glengarnock, Derwent Howe, Harrington, Auchendinny, Lynemouth) in Scotland and northwest England (2022-2023) (NERC Grant NE/X009718/1)
This dataset contains SEM data comprising raw data files (.dat) and AZtec file (.oip) for reading the data. The data was collected in 2022-2023. The data was collected for the purpose of visualising spatial textures and microstructures in the collected samples. The data was collected by John MacDonald, Connor Brolly and Robin Hilderman (University of Glasgow) who retain the original data.

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray microtomography of fluidal pyroclasts (X-ray microtomography) (NERC grant NE/L013932/1)
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray microtomography of fluidal pyroclasts (X-ray microtomography). Data are referenced in Clarke et al., 2019: Fluidal pyroclasts reveal the intensity of peralkaline rhyolite pumice cone eruptions; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09947-8.

SCAPE Analytical Concentration/Temperature Model
Grant: SCAPE (UKCCSRC Call 2). This is a Matlab code that calculates the change in internal concentration of CO2 in a building as a cloud of CO2 engulfs the building. The CO2 is assumed to enter through any openings in the building. This Matlab code take a series of inputs including wind speed, building geometry, geometry of external temperature and external CO2 concentration (all inputs are listed in the headers of the spreadsheet ‘inputs.xlsx’) and calculates how the internal CO2 concentration and temperature changes over time and the toxic dose of CO2 received by individuals inside the building. Full details will be given in publication https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2019.102849. File formats: .xlsx and .m

Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS) Geophysical and Sampling Survey 2000/3_SAMS: Loch Etive (04/09/2000 to 07/09/2000)
This marine geophysical survey took place in September 2000 in Loch Etive on board the RV Calanus. The British Geological Survey (BGS) carried out the survey on behalf of Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS). Its purpose was to investigate Late Quaternary Sedimentation in a Glacially-Overdeepened Sea Loch. Sub bottom seismic profiling data were gathered using a surface tow boomer. Gravity cores were obtained but none are held by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in the Cruise Report. GeoIndex Offshore -

Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS) Geophysical Survey 2010/1_SAMS: Loch Linnhe (11/Jan/2010 to 15/Jan/2010)
This marine geophysical survey took place in January 2010 in Loch Linnhe on board the RV Calanus. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS) in collaboration with the Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS). A series of short (1.7 - 18km) survey profiles were acquired from Loch Linnhe to provide a better understanding of glacial features observed during a multibeam echosounder survey in February 2009. Sub-seabed seismic profiling data were collected using a Applied Acoustics Surface Tow Boomer. These data are archived by BGS. Paper records were also generated and these are held by SAMS. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Commissioned Report CR/10/046 ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/528419/). GeoIndex Offshore -

Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS) Sampling Survey 2006/4_SAMS: Summer Isles; SAMS (31/Jul/2006 to 09/Aug/2006)
This marine sampling survey took place July/August 2006 in the Summer Isles and adjacent lochs of NW Scotland on board the RV Calanus . The survey was a collaboration of the British Geological Survey (BGS) and the Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS). The aim was to groundtruth the swath bathymetric and seismic-reflection data that were acquired in 2005, to further define the marine landscape in the Summer Isles region, with a particular focus on the part played by glaciation and subsequent deglacial sedimentary processes in shaping the sea bed. Seabed samples were collected using a gravity corer and megacorer. Technical details of the survey are contained in BGS Internal Report IR/06/106 ( http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/7414/) and SAMS Report No.24.

Scottish Carbon Capture & Storage (SCCS)
SCCS is the largest Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) research group in the UK. Our internationally renowned researchers provide connected strength across the full CCS chain. With our unique position SCCS is able to act as the conduit between academia, industry and government. We are able to provide a single point of coordination for all aspects of CCS research ranging from capture engineering and geoscience, to social perceptions and environmental impact, through to law and petroleum economics. SCCS has access to cutting-edge experimental and analytical facilities, expertise in field studies, modelling and simulation, key academic and research personnel to accelerate the development of CO2 transportation, capture and subsurface storage. We undertake strategic fundamental research and are also available for consultancy. In addition, we perform a key role in providing impartial advice to industry, the public sector, government agencies, and policy makers. Founded in 2005, SCCS is a partnership of the British Geological Survey, Heriot-Watt University, the University of Aberdeen, the University of Edinburgh and the University of Strathclyde working together with universities across Scotland. SCCS is funded by the Scottish Funding Council (SFC).

Scottish carbon Capture & Storage (SCCS) communications (2005 - 2009)
SCCS presentations, consultations, responses, briefings and communications on CCS and CO2 storage for the period 2005 - 2009

Scottish carbon Capture & Storage (SCCS) communications (2010 - 2014)
SCCS presentations, consultations, responses, briefings and communications on CCS and CO2 storage for the period 2010 - 2014

Scottish carbon Capture & Storage (SCCS) communications (2015 - 2016)
SCCS presentations, consultations, responses, briefings and communications on CCS and CO2 storage for the period 2015 - 2016

Scottish Carbon Capture & Storage (SCCS) technical briefings, technical letters and technical journal responses (2010 - 2015)
Contains 6 SCCS technical briefings, technical letters and technical journal responses - Working Paper 2010-04: Popular response to Economides, CO2 storage is feasible; Working Paper 2010-05: Formal response to Economides, CO2 storage is feasible; Working Paper 2010-07: Comment on Little and Jackson: Potential Impacts of Leakage from Deep CO2 Geosequestration on Overlying Freshwater Aquifers; Working Paper 2012-01: Comment by Stuart Haszeldine on Zoback and Gorelick; Working Paper 2014-01: Sleipner CO2 securely stored deep beneath seabed, in spite of unexpected Hugin fracture discovery; Working Paper 2015-02: Carbon Dioxide Transport Plans for Carbon Capture and Storage in the North Sea Region - A summary of existing studies and proposals applicable to the development of Projects of Common Interest.

Scottish Carbon Capture & Storage (SCCS) Working Paper 2009-04: Investigating the prospects for Carbon Capture and Storage technology in India
Technical report (2009) commissioned by Christian Aid and written by researchers from the University of Edinburgh and the University of Surrey. It aims to explore the prospects for carbon capture and storage (CCS) to play a significant role within global action to mitigate the risk of climate change, with a focus on India. Available for download at http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15679.

Scottish Carbon Capture & Storage (SCCS) Working Paper 2010-03: Benchmarking worldwide CO2 saline aquifer injections
Technical report, component of ‘Progressing Scotland’s CO2 storage opportunities’ 2010. Carbon Capture, Transport and Storage is a very active field of research, especially for the past decade. From the UK perspective, a commercially crucial aspect is the saline aquifer research, since there are predicted to be vast storage capacities in the sedimentary formations of the North Sea. The report reviews the ongoing work on practical injections of CO2 as research tests for storage projects and specifically focuses on industrial sized saline aquifer injections. Available for download at http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15681.

Scottish Carbon Capture & Storage (SCCS) Working Paper 2010-08: Towards a Public Communication and Engagement Strategy for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage Projects in Scotland
Technical report, component of 'Progressing Scotland’s CO2 storage opportunities', 2010. Review of research findings, CCS project experiences, tools, resources and best practices. Available for download at http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16476.

Scottish Carbon Capture & Storage (SCCS) Working Paper 2011-01: Feasibility Study for Europe-Wide CO2 Infrastructure
Technical report. Ove Arup & Partners Limited (Arup) and their partners Scottish Carbon Capture and Storage (SCCS) were commissioned in December 2009 by the European Commission Directorate-General Energy and Transport (DG-TREN) to undertake a feasibility study for Europe-wide CO2 infrastructures. The purpose of the study was to develop a complete and integrated database of European CO2 sinks and sources and identify the main outline of a CO2 transport infrastructure for different scenarios. Available for download at http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15686.

Scottish Carbon Capture & Storage (SCCS) Working Paper 2013-04: Briefing: CCS for Industrial Sources of CO2 in Europe
Technical briefing report, August 2013. This briefing summarises the most recent published report addressing the scope for CCS in European industry (ZEP, 2013), adds further information from public sources and gives some new analysis of the implications. Available for download at http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16474.

Scottish Carbon Capture & Storage (SCCS) Working Paper 2015-03: Assessing interactions between multiple geological CO2 storage sites: generic learning from the CO2MultiStore project
Technical report from CO2MultiStore project, component of ‘Optimising CO2 storage in geological formations: a case study offshore Scotland, September 2015. The report captures knowledge gained from the process, progress and findings of the research that is applicable to the development of any multi-user storage resource. Available for download at http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16475.

Scottish Carbon Capture & Storage (SCCS) Working Paper 2016-01: Scottish CO2 Hub - A unique opportunity for the United Kingdom
Technical report, January 2016. Development of a Scottish CO2 Hub can unlock the potential for CCS in the UK and Europe by providing early access for CO2 captured in the North Sea Region to extensive, well-characterised storage in the Central North Sea (CNS) at low risk, while creating value through CO2 utilisation. Available for download at http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15700.

Scottish Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA) Multibeam Survey 2010/4_SEPA: Upper Firth of Forth; Forth Bridge to Grangemouth (19/Jul/2010 to 30/Nov/2010)
This marine multibeam Survey took place in July/November 2010 in the Firth of Forth on board the RV White Ribbon. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS) on behalf of Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA). Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. These data are archived by BGS.

Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) Multibeam and Geophysical Survey of Arran for SNH 2015/9_SNH: South and East coast of Arran (25/Nov/2015 to 17/Apr/2016)
This marine multibeam and sidescan survey (2015_9_SNH) took place in three phases (25/11/2015 to 03/12/2015, 17-28/02/2016 and 04-17/04/2016) in the area off South and East coast of Arran on board the RV White Ribbon. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS) on behalf of Scottish Natural Heritage/MarineScotland. The aim of the survey was ensonification of 10 areas designated by SNH. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system and dual frequency Sidescan Sonar (100khz, 455khz). These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in the BGS Report of Survey.

Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) Multibeam Survey 2011/7_SNH: Canna (01/Jul/2011 to 11/Jul/2011)
This marine multibeam survey took place in July 2011 in the area around the Isle of Canna on the west coast of Scotland on board the Northern Lighthouse Board vessel NLV Pole Star. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS) on behalf of Marine Scotland and Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH). Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in the BGS Report of Survey (OR/11/045), http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/516268/

Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) Multibeam Survey 2011/8_SNH: Moray Firth (09/Aug/2011 to 17/Aug/2011)
This marine multibeam survey took place in August 2011 in the area around Noss Head and the Southern Trench in the Moray Firth on board the Northern Lighthouse Board vessel NLV Pole Star. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS) on behalf of Marine Scotland and Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) for Marine Protected Area (MPAs) related studies. Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in the Report of Survey.

Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) Multibeam Survey: Loch Alsh, Loch Duich, Long Long, Kyle Rhea (04/Mar/2013 to 17/Mar/2013)
This marine multibeam survey took place in March 2013 within the MPA (Marine Protected Area) proposal area of the Lochs Duich, Long and Alsh and the additional area of the Kyle of Rhea on board the RV White Ribbon. The survey was carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS) on behalf of Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH). Sea floor bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM3002D multibeam system. These data are archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in the BGS Report of Survey CR/13/033.

Scottish water well records
The collection consists of records for c.5000 wells and springs in Scotland mostly lodged by drillers in compliance with the Water Act. These include data on well construction, water yields, water levels, water chemistry and well lithology. The collection is organised on the One-Inch Geological Sheet basis. Catalogues for wells in Central Scotland were published between 1963 and 1969. The BGS Single Onshore Borehole Index (SOBI) provides a partial digital index to the records.

Sea-floor Geology
Within EMODnet Geology, the German Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) is leading the workpackage “Seafloor Geology” to compile and harmonize the European marine geology map data as detailed as possible for the themes – pre-Quaternary and – Quaternary geology; – geomorphology. These three data layers on Seafloor Geology show the underlying geology from Earths ancient past (more than 2500 Million years ago) to modern Quaternary deposits and geomorphological features. From it we can read the story about Earths Evolution in the European, marine part of our planet Earth, i.e. from the oldest rocks and how they form, to the youngest rocks and geomorphological features representing the most recent geological and environmental changes. Users can find in particular Information on scientifically valuable geological and geomorphological structures, on geological material (lithology), its age (stratigraphy) and its forms (geomorphology) on the seafloor in Europe. This contains information on structures on the seafloor important for geoscience research and investigations of future exploration of mineral and energy resources, but also of biologic resources. It is also a source of knowledge to show features of the seafloor geomorphology valuable for habitats of numerous species (Fishery, tourism). In addition, the layers provides information on the sea floor conditions to plan building infrastructures (such as windparks, or a pipeline or a protection area for endangered species).

Sea-floor Pre-Quaternary Bedrock Geology
Pre-Quaternary -age This web map service shows the chronostratigraphic age of geological units of the seafloor originated earlier than 2,588 Ma from now (pre-Quaternary). International Geological Map of Europe and Adjacent Areas (Asch, 2005). The scale varies between 25,000 and 5 000 000. The data were compiled by BGR from the EMODnet geology partner organisations in the EMODnet Geology project phases I, II and III between 2009 and 2019. Pre-Quaternary -lithology This web map service shows the rock type (lithology) of geological units of the seafloor originated earlier than 2,588 Ma from now (pre-Quaternary). International Geological Map of Europe and Adjacent Areas (Asch, 2005). The scale varies between 25 000 and 5 000 000. The data were compiled by BGR from the EMODnet geology partner organisations in the EMODnet Geology project phases I, II and III between 2009 and 2019. The scale varies between 25 000 and 5 000 000.

Sea-floor Pre-quaternary Faults
This web map service shows faults and structures of geological units of the seafloor originated earlier than 2,588 Ma from now (pre-Quaternary). The data were compiled by BGR from the EMODnet geology partner organisations in the EMODnet Geology project phases I, II and III between 2009 and 2019 and the International Geological Map of Europe and Adjacent Areas (Asch, 2005). The scale varies between 1:200 000 and 1:5 000 000

Sea-floor Quaternary Geology
Quaternary –age This web map service shows the chronostratigraphic age of geological units of the seafloor originated in the Quaternary period (i.e. 2,588 Ma from now until today). The data were compiled by BGR from the EMODnet geology partner organisations in the EMODnet Geology project phases II and III between 2009 and 2019. The scale varies between 20 000 and 2 500 000. Quaternary -lithology This web map service shows the rock type (lithology) of geological units of the seafloor originated in the Quaternary period (i.e. 2,588 Ma from now until today). The data were compiled by BGR from the EMODnet geology partner organisations in the EMODnet Geology project phases I, II and III between 2009 and 2019.

sea floor geomorphology

Sea Level Index Point
Primary and Secondary Sea Level Index Points. Where information is available on the genesis of the index point it is given. Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only, 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence

Seabed Substrates
The EMODnet (European Marine Observation and Data network) Geology project collects and harmonizes marine geological data from the European sea areas to support decision making and sustainable marine spatial planning. The project partnership consists mainly of the marine departments of the geological surveys of Europe (through the Association of European Geological Surveys-EuroGeoSurveys), which have assembled marine geological information at various scales from all European sea areas (e.g., the White Sea, Baltic Sea, Barents Sea, the Iberian Coast, and the Mediterranean Sea within EU waters), the Caspian Sea and the Caribbean Sea. EMODnet seabed substrate data products include datasets at 1:1 000 000, 1:250 000, 1:100 000 and high-resolution scales (1:1 500, 1:5 000, 1:10 000, 1:15 000, 1:20 000, 1:25 000, 1:30 000, 1:45 000, 1: 50 000, 1:60 000, 1:70 000). Traditionally, European countries have conducted their marine geological surveys according to their own national standards and classified substrates on the grounds of their national classification schemes. These national classifications are harmonised into a shared EMODnet schema using Folk's sediment triangle with a hierarchy of 16, 7 and 5 substrate classes. The data describes the seabed substrate from the uppermost 30 cm of the sediment column. The datasets have been compiled at different scales from background information that depends on the original producer. In cases, the data has been generalized into a target scales. Coarser scale data (1M, 250k and 100k) describes the seabed substrate at a general level only and is not suitable for a detailed analysis. High-resolution material includes multiple scales from 1:1 500 to 1:70 000 and the user should assess its suitability for the intended purpose. The smallest cartographic unit within the data is about 4 km2 at 1:1M, 0,3km2 at 1:250k and 0,05km2 at 1:100k scale. Further information about the EMODnet Geology project is available on the centralized EMODnet portal https://emodnet.ec.europa.eu/en/geology

Seabed Substrates 1:100k
The EMODnet (European Marine Observation and Data network) Geology project ( http://www.emodnet-geology.eu/) collects and harmonises marine geological data from the European sea areas to support decisionmaking and sustainable marine spatial planning. The partnership includes 39 marine organizations from 30 countries. The partners, mainly from the marine departments of the geological surveys of Europe (through the Association of European Geological Surveys- EuroGeoSurveys), have assembled marine geological information at various scales from all European sea areas (e.g. the White Sea, Baltic Sea, Barents Sea, the Iberian Coast, and the Mediterranean Sea within EU waters). This data includes the EMODnet seabed substrate map at a scale of 1:100 000 from the European marine areas. Traditionally, European countries have conducted their marine geological surveys according to their own national standards and classified substrates on the grounds of their national classification schemes. These national classifications are harmonised into a shared EMODnet schema using Folk's sediment triangle with a hierarchy of 16, 7 and 5 substrate classes. The data describes the seabed substrate from the uppermost 30 cm of the sediment column. In cases the data has been generalised into a target scale (1:100 000). The smallest cartographic unit within the data is about 0.05 km2 (5 hectares).

Seabed Substrates 1:1M
The EMODnet (European Marine Observation and Data network) Geology project collects and harmonizes marine geological data from the European sea areas to support decisionmaking and sustainable marine spatial planning. The partnership includes 39 marine organizations from 30 countries. The partners, mainly from the marine departments of the geological surveys of Europe (through the Association of European Geological Surveys-EuroGeoSurveys), have assembled marine geological information at a scale of 1:1 000 000 from all European sea areas (e.g. the White Sea, Baltic Sea, Barents Sea, the Iberian Coast, and the Mediterranean Sea within EU waters). This data includes the EMODnet seabed substrate map at a scale of 1:1 000 000 from the European marine areas. Traditionally, European countries have conducted their marine geological surveys according to their own national standards and classified substrates on the grounds of their national classification schemes. These national classifications are harmonized into a shared EMODnet schema using Folk's sediment triangle with a hierarchy of 16, 7 and 5 substrate classes. The data describes the seabed substrate from the uppermost 30 cm of the sediment column. In cases, the data has been generalized into a target scale (1:1 000 000). The smallest cartographic unit within the data is 4 km2.

Seabed Substrates 1:250k
The EMODnet (European Marine Observation and Data network) Geology project collects and harmonizes marine geological data from the European sea areas to support decision- making and sustainable marine spatial planning. The partnership includes 39 marine organizations from 30 countries. The partners, mainly from the marine departments of the geological surveys of Europe (through the Association of European Geological Surveys-EuroGeoSurveys), have assembled marine geological information at a scale of 1:250 000 from all European sea areas (e.g. the White Sea, Baltic Sea, Barents Sea, the Iberian Coast, and the Mediterranean Sea within EU waters). This data includes the EMODnet seabed substrate map at a scale of 1:250 000 from the European marine areas. Traditionally, European countries have conducted their marine geological surveys according to their own national standards and classified substrates on the grounds of their national classification schemes. These national classifications are harmonized into a shared EMODnet schema using Folk's sediment triangle with a hierarchy of 16, 7 and 5 substrate classes. The data describes the seabed substrate from the uppermost 30 cm of the sediment column. In cases, the data has been generalized into a target scale (1:250 000). The smallest cartographic unit within the data is 0.3 km2 (30 hectares).

The EMODnet (European Marine Observation and Data network) Geology project collects and harmonizes marine geological data from the European sea areas to support decision making and sustainable marine spatial planning. The partnership includes 39 marine organizations from 30 countries. The partners, mainly from the marine departments of the geological surveys of Europe (through the Association of European Geological Surveys-EuroGeoSurveys), have assembled marine geological information at various scales from all European sea areas (e.g. the White Sea, Baltic Sea, Barents Sea, the Iberian Coast, and the Mediterranean Sea within EU waters). This dataset includes EMODnet seabed substrate maps at a scale of 1:10 000 from the European marine areas. Traditionally, European countries have conducted their marine geological surveys according to their own national standards and classified substrates on the grounds of their national classification schemes. These national classifications are harmonised into a shared EMODnet schema using Folk's sediment triangle with a hierarchy of 16, 7 and 5 substrate classes. The data describes the seabed substrate from the uppermost 30 cm of the sediment column.

The EMODnet (European Marine Observation and Data network) Geology project collects and harmonizes marine geological data from the European sea areas to support decision making and sustainable marine spatial planning. The partnership includes 39 marine organizations from 30 countries. The partners, mainly from the marine departments of the geological surveys of Europe (through the Association of European Geological Surveys-EuroGeoSurveys), have assembled marine geological information at various scales from all European sea areas (e.g. the White Sea, Baltic Sea, Barents Sea, the Iberian Coast, and the Mediterranean Sea within EU waters). This dataset includes EMODnet seabed substrate maps at a scale of 1:15 000 from the European marine areas. Traditionally, European countries have conducted their marine geological surveys according to their own national standards and classified substrates on the grounds of their national classification schemes. These national classifications are harmonised into a shared EMODnet schema using Folk's sediment triangle with a hierarchy of 16, 7 and 5 substrate classes. The data describes the seabed substrate from the uppermost 30 cm of the sediment column.

The EMODnet (European Marine Observation and Data network) Geology project collects and harmonizes marine geological data from the European sea areas to support decision making and sustainable marine spatial planning. The partnership includes 39 marine organizations from 30 countries. The partners, mainly from the marine departments of the geological surveys of Europe (through the Association of European Geological Surveys-EuroGeoSurveys), have assembled marine geological information at various scales from all European sea areas (e.g. the White Sea, Baltic Sea, Barents Sea, the Iberian Coast, and the Mediterranean Sea within EU waters). This dataset includes EMODnet seabed substrate maps at a scale of 1:1 500 from the European marine areas. Traditionally, European countries have conducted their marine geological surveys according to their own national standards and classified substrates on the grounds of their national classification schemes. These national classifications are harmonised into a shared EMODnet schema using Folk's sediment triangle with a hierarchy of 16, 7 and 5 substrate classes. The data describes the seabed substrate from the uppermost 30 cm of the sediment column

The EMODnet (European Marine Observation and Data network) Geology project collects and harmonizes marine geological data from the European sea areas to support decision making and sustainable marine spatial planning. The partnership includes 39 marine organizations from 30 countries. The partners, mainly from the marine departments of the geological surveys of Europe (through the Association of European Geological Surveys-EuroGeoSurveys), have assembled marine geological information at various scales from all European sea areas (e.g. the White Sea, Baltic Sea, Barents Sea, the Iberian Coast, and the Mediterranean Sea within EU waters). This dataset includes EMODnet seabed substrate maps at a scale of 1:20 000 from the European marine areas. Traditionally, European countries have conducted their marine geological surveys according to their own national standards and classified substrates on the grounds of their national classification schemes. These national classifications are harmonised into a shared EMODnet schema using Folk's sediment triangle with a hierarchy of 16, 7 and 5 substrate classes. The data describes the seabed substrate from the uppermost 30 cm of the sediment column.

Seafloor features that are indicators for fluid flow. Represented as points

Seafloor features that are indicators for fluid flow. Represented as polygons

Seafloor temperature. Point data.
Measurements of temperature and salinity at the seafloor. Data are represented as points.

Sediment data from IODP Expedition 363 (NERC grant NE/P016456/1)
Sediment % coarse fraction (>63 microns), and abundance of fish teeth in coarse fraction. 2016 has been a record breaking year in terms of global temperatures. The high temperatures have resulted from a combination of elevated atmospheric pCO2 coupled with the global impacts of a strong El Nino event. There are many important components of the climate system, and the El Nino phenomenon demonstrates the importance of the low latitude Pacific Ocean. The warm pool of water in the western Pacific Ocean has not always had the same characteristics as it has today, and it has been proposed that its evolution over the past 15 million years has had a major impact on global climate. In order to understand how the warm pool might respond to future climate change, it is important to understand the drivers behind its past evolution. Did it respond simply to the changing shape of ocean basins through time? Or did it respond to other components of the climate system, such as sea level or latitudinal temperature gradients? The changes in warm pool structure may also have impacted the biological ecosystems, and hence the cycling of carbon in this region. The carbon cycle is another key component of the Earth's climate system. Understanding the causes and consequences of these long-term changes in the Pacific warm pool requires a two-pronged approach, using modelling in conjunction with proxy records for different parts of the climate system. This proposal aims to generate some key records of past high latitude temperature and ice volume that can be directly compared with changes in the warm pool through time. These records will be derived from geochemical analyses of microscopic marine fossils collected by the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP).

Sediment signatures of the 25 December 2016 Chile earthquake (NERC grant NE/R00210X/1)
Data relates to the NERC Urgency Grant NE/R00210X/1 which focusses on Sediment signatures of the 25 December 2016 Chile earthquake to constrain detection limits of tidal marsh records. The documentation provides an overview of findings from two field seasons to the southern coast of Isla de Chiloé, Chile, including field observations, sediment samples and surface vegetation surveys. The research locations for diatom analyses are Ayentema, Asasao, Inio and Quilanlar, southern Chiloé, Chile. Field season 1 (excluding travel dates): 2-9 August 2017 Field season 2 (excluding travel dates): 6-16 October 2017 Diatom data collection: through to 30 June 2018

Sedimentation Rates
Sedimentation rates are part of EMODnet (European Marine Observation and Data network) Geology, Work Package 3 (WP3) Seabed substrate. The objective of WP3 is to compile all available seabed substrate information on a scale of 1:100 000 or finer from all European marine areas, and to update sedimentation rate data collected in the previous phases. WP3 has compiled and harmonized available information on the rate of sedimentation on the seafloor. The information on sedimentation rates for recent sediments is presented as point-source information. Estimations of modern sedimentation rates (centimetres/year) can be based e.g. on established historical records of anthropogenic radionuclides (e.g. 137Cs and 241Am), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), lead (Pb) and stable lead isotope (206/207Pb ratios). Sedimentation rate estimations can be based also on varve/laminae counting, radionuclide 210Pb and 14C decay dating methods. In addition stratigraphic marker horizons, like in the Baltic Sea, horizons formed by documented Major Baltic Inflow (MBIs) events (Moros et al. 2017), can be used in the estimations. Project partners have delivered information on sedimentation rates available in their national waters including their EEZ. The focus is on the present-day sedimentation rates. That means sediment accumulation to the seabed over the past decades, since AD 1900 or so.

Seismic (seismic profiles, check-shooting)
ArcGIS Server service displays state-funded seismic profiles measured in the Czech Republic in 1971-1994.

Seismic Catalog for Corbetti Volcano, Ethiopia (NERC grant NE/L013932/1)
This dataset contains the locations and other pertinent information for 122 well-constrained seismic events that occurred on or near Corbetti between February 2016 and September 2017. These locations were derived from data collected on 37 broadband seismometers deployed as part of the RiftVolc project. The data were originally published in Lavayssière, A., et al. "Local seismicity near the actively deforming Corbetti volcano in the Main Ethiopian Rift." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2019.06.008

Seismic data and velocity models supporting Bentham et al., 2018, 'Investigating the use of 3-D full-waveform inversion to characterize the host rock at a geological disposal site (NERC grant NE/L000423/1)
Data deposited are connected to paper "Investigating the use of 3-D full-waveform inversion to characterize the host rock at a geological disposal site" by H.L.M. Bentham, J.V. Morgan and D.A. Angus, in Geophysical Journal International, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggy386. The geological model consists of fractured granite host rock (depth: 800 - 1200 m) with an Excavated disturbed Zone (EdZ) that could be formed through constructing the tunnels. In addition to the host rock, the model contains sedimentary overburden (depth: 0 - 800 m) and a fractured granite bed rock (depth: 1200 - 2000 m). Seismic velocities and rock properties were assigned through analogues e.g. Olkiluoto, Finland. Full data description and method found in Bentham et al. (2018). Data deposited are for Case 1 (no tunnels) and Case 3 (with multiple tunnels). For each case, the following 3D volumes are available: * Seismic data * True velocity model (used to generate seismic data) * Starting velocity model for full-waveform inversion Additionally, the following ASCII files are available to aid the use of the seismic and velocity models: * Locations of sources at surface (Case 1, 2 and 3 except where survey area is reduced [see GJI article]) * Locations of receivers at surface and below tunnels (Case 1, 2 and 3) * Locations of receiver at surface and above and below tunnels (Case 3 only)

Seismic Data Archive for the Unsettled Earth Project, Bristol, England, UK
This dataset contains broadband seismic data collected between May 2018 and January 2019 as part of the Unsettled Earth project funded by the University of Bristol's Brigstow Institute. The seismic station was deployed in one of the turrets of the Wills Memorial Building Tower, Bristol.

Seismic data from deployments around Askja, Iceland (NERC grant NE/H025006/1)
This is continuous raw data from 3-component broad-band (30 sec to 100 Hz) Guralp 6TD seismometer deployments around Askja in the central region of Iceland.

Seismic data from volcano observatories and from laboratory experiments (NERC grant NE/H02297X/1)
Seismic data from volcano observatories and from laboratory experiments, plus description of novel methods of data analysis and synchronization. 6 papers - Library for volcanology and rock physics data analysis; An innovative platform to allow collaborative research in rock physics and volcanology; Trends in the aggregated rate of pre-eruptive seismicity at Kilauea volcano, Hawaii; Convergence of the frequency-size distribution of global earthquakes; Method for predictability of volcanic eruptions from monitored seismic data and; Evaluation of the failure forecasting model for volcanic eruptions.

Seismic first breaks for Syczyn seismic survey
The dataset contains condensed results of seismic refraction survey, that can be regarded as “hard data”. Data files Syczyn-1_P.ASC and Syczyn-1_S.ASC represents tables obtained for line Syczyn-1, wave P and wave S respectively; Data files Syczyn-2_P.ASC and Syczyn-2_S.ASC represents tables obtained for line Syczyn-1, wave P and wave S respectively. Each file contains 4 columns: Record No. – sequential record identifier; Source location – distance from the beginning of the line to the (current) source point (in meters); Receiver location – distance from the beginning of the line to the given receiver (in meters); First Break – delay time between emission of the wave to its arrival at the given receiver point (seconds). Dataset is formatted in simple table, that can be imported to other seismic software for modelling velocity field. Different computing algorithms generate slightly different velocity models, so it can be useful to have hard data for comparison.

Seismic Line Index (SLI).
The Seismic Line Index database stores summary administrative information about the collection of printed seismic sections, Original Seismic Sections dataset (ORIGSEISECS). This includes: details of data ownership or source, date of acquisition, purpose of survey, confidentiality, media, survey acquisition and processing parameters, and storage location in BGS. Almost all data are within the UK Onshore area; although there are some UK near-shore and offshore (North Sea, Irish Sea) and foreign data. Most data were acquired for commercial hydrocarbon exploration and subsequently provided to BGS for use on specific projects. Some data were acquired by BGS and other public-sector bodies, e.g. BIRPS (British Institutes Reflection Profiling Syndicate), for academic research. There is also scope to add relevant information about the data held in Copy Seismic Sections (COPYSEISECS) and Original Seismic Shotpoint Location Maps (ORIGSPMAPS) datasets.

Seismic Lines in Denmark
This dataset contains seismic line locations in Denmark. It was creatred for demonstration purposes in the EGDI-Bridge project from a selected dataset provided by GEUS. Seismic metadata from the GERDA database is converted to INSPIRE features by using the ALFA geoscience information system of MFGI.

Seismic lines in the North-West Europe from DGE-ROLLOUT project
Public seismic profiles in the DGE-ROLLOUT project area. The raw data are accessible on request to national Geological Surveys of France (BRGM), Netherlands (TNO), Germany (GD-NRW), Belgium (GSB) or to Technical University of Darmstadt for the Upper Rhine Graben.

Seismic lines in the Upper Rhine Graben
Public seismic profiles of the DGE-ROLLOUT project in the Upper Rhine Graben. The raw data are accessible on request to national Geological Surveys of France (BRGM), Netherlands (TNO), Germany (GD-NRW), Belgium (GSB) or to Technical University of Darmstadt for the Upper Rhine Graben.

Seismic locations and sections database
The Seismic Locations and Sections database (LOCSEC) stores digitised seismic reflection survey location and line-interpretation data. Supplementary data stored includes map projection information and rock-unit seismic velocity data. The data are grouped by interpretation project area. Location data are input from digitised seismic shotpoint (SP) or common depth point (CDP) maps, or from direct input of digital navigation data. [See: Original Seismic Shotpoint Location Maps (ORIGSPMAPS) and Digital Seismic Shotpoint Location Maps (DIGSPMAPS) datasets]. Line-interpretation data are input from digitised pick-lines on manually interpreted printed seismic sections. [See: Copy Seismic Sections dataset (COPYSEISECS)]. In-house software is used for data management and display, to perform interpretation related tasks, e.g. depth-conversion, and to merge data into X, Y, Z form for input to 3D mapping and modelling packages such as EarthVision. Data in LOCSEC may also be related to the borehole interpretations held in the Stratigraphic Surfaces Database (SSD). Almost all data are within the UK Onshore area; although there are some UK near-shore and offshore (North Sea, Irish Sea) and foreign data. Most data were acquired for commercial hydrocarbon exploration and subsequently provided to BGS for use on specific projects. Some data were acquired by BGS and other public-sector bodies, e.g. BIRPS, for academic research.

Seismic network of mobile stations MOBNET
Digital records of seismic stations of network MOBNET. The network consists of sixty mobile seismic stations which are deployed on the territory of the Czech Republic and in Europe for a limited time period in the frame of international scientific projects. Stations are operated by the Institute of Geophysics CAS.

Seismic profiles
This database (SDE) contains state-paid seismic profiles measured in the Czech Republic. Reflection seismic profiles, digitaly registrated, are stored in the SEGY format.The database of this type of profiles contains about 1,000 items. Information about refraction seismic, deep seismic profilling and analogue registred reflection seismic can be found in CGS archieve reports (AGGI).

Seismic profiles – INSPIRE harmonized (theme Geology)
This database contains state-paid seismic profiles measured in the Czech Republic. The layer has been transformed according to the INSPIRE data specification for the Geoph Profile object from the Geophysics application scheme.

Seismic profiles – INSPIRE download service (theme Geology)
Download service (ATOM feed) displaying the Seismic profiles dataset that has been harmonized to be INSPIRE-compliant.

Seismic profiles – INSPIRE view service (theme Geology)
INSPIRE View service displays state-funded reflection seismic profiles measured in the Czech Republic.

Seismic station Prague - historical records
Historical seismograms from Prague seismic station. Non-continuous data stored on paper records since 1927 to the 1990s.

Seismic station Prague - modern records
The Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of Charles University, in cooperation with the University of Patras, operates since 1997 a network of seismographs in western Greece, which are the part of the Greek seismic network (HUSN).

Seismicity of the Bora - Tullu-Moye volcanic field, Ethiopia: 2016-2017 dataset (NERC grant NE/L013932/1)
This data set characterises the seismicity occurring within 30 km of the Bora - Tullu-Moye volcanic field between 2016 and 2017. It also provides a description of key geologic features in this region. See the README file for a full explanation of the data set. These data were originally published as supplementary material in g-cubed article: Seismicity of the Bora – Tullu-Moye Volcanic field 2016-2017: Greenfield et al (2018), https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GC007648

Seismotectonic Map of the Republic of Srpska
The Seismotectonic Map of the Republic of Srpska 1:300 000 represents an integration of geological, tectonic, seismotectonic and geophysical data on possible earthquake sources. The map is a compilation of all available data and the results of the previous basic and regional geological, seismological and geophysical research and explorations in the teritory of the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina and the region. The knowledge of seismotectonic characteristics of the region enables the characterization of seismic sources and thus the preparation of a reliable seismic hazard map - a seismological map. The Seismotectonic Map is prepared using the GIS software package. Druing the preparation, the data basis, which is a component of the Geological Information System of the Republic of Srpska, had been created. The Earthquakes' Epicentre Map and the Surface Rupture Map are prepared as the components of the Seismotectonic Map.

Selenium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Selenium (Se), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

SEM images and photomicrographs of studied samples (NERC grant NE/N001966/1)
The files contain backscattered (BSE) SEM images and photomicrographs of studied samples form Vanua Lava, Vanuatu (New Hebrides). The samples are mantle xenolith found in situ in lava boulders.

Sequence alignments and resulting phylogenetic hypotheses (NERC grant NE/J022632/1)
Data derived from NERC Grant NE/J022632/1, Sequence alignments and resulting phylogenetic hypotheses from Harrington et al. (2016) BMC Evolutionary Biology.

Service-Mineral Resources (Industrial Minerals and Rocks) in Spain-INSPIRE download service harmonized for Minerals4EU
WFS service provides access to basic information related to the mining operations (both abandoned or operating continuously or intermittently) and minerals occurrences of industrial minerals and rocks. Service was created in the framework of the Minerals4EU project and its harmonizated according to the INSPIRE requeriments-

Service for Geological 3D Models
The service presents a map overview of models in EGDI3D Geological Model Database. From each mapped area, a link is provided to a preview of the model.

Service of visualization (WMS) of the Geological Map of the South Portughese Zone . Scale 1/400.000. 2020 edition
Geological map of the South Portuguese Zone, at a scale of 1/400,000, in which the geological legend on both sides of the border has been harmonized, with unified criteria between Spain and Portugal. This cartography is a product resulting from the GEO_FPI project: GEO_FPI: cross-border observatory for the geo-economic evaluation of the Iberian Pyrite Belt, financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) within the program INTERREG V-A Spain– Portugal (POCTEP) 2014-2020. The main beneficiary of the project is the Geological Survey of Spain (IGME) . Additionally, the General Directorate of Industry, Energy and Mines of the Ministry of Employment, Enterprise and Commerce of the Andalusian Government (JA) and the Portuguese National Laboratory for Energy and Geology (LNEG) and the Municipal Chamber of Aljustrel (CMA) are partners of the project.

Service of visualization (WMS) of the Map of Map of rocks and industrial minerals of the South Portuguese Zone. Scale 1/400.000. 2020 edition.
Rocks and industrial minerals map in the South Portuguese Zone, on a scale of 1/400,000, which, on a harmonised geological basis, with unified criteria between Spain and Portugal, has represented the main exploitations and indications of rocks and industrial minerals in the area, indicating their state (active, abandoned or intermittent), size, use and substance. This cartography is a product of the project GEO_FPI: Cross-border Observatory for the geo-economic exploitation of the Iberian Pyrite Belt, co-financed by ERDF funds through the INTERREG POCTEP 2014-2020 territorial cooperation programme. The main beneficiary of the project is the Geological Survey of Spain (IGME). The partnership for this project includes the Directorate-General for Industry, Energy and Mines of the Ministry of Finance, Industry and Energy of the Andalusian Regional Government (DGIEM), the National Laboratory of Energy and Geology, I.P. (LNEG) and the Municipal Chamber of Aljustrel (CMA).

Service of visualization (WMS) of the Map of the Karst of Spain in scale 1:1.000.000
Service of visualization of the Map of the Karst in Spain on a scale 1:1.000.000, which gathers the different 'karstifiable' lithologies indicating their type (carbonates, gypsums and detritus), and the intensity of karstification in each one of the zones. Also included are caves, poles, outcrops and other hydrogeological and geomorphological entities linked to karstification processes.

Service of visualization (WMS) of the Metalogenetic map of the South Portuguese area. Scale 1/400.000. 2020 edition
Metallogenic map of the South Portuguese Zone at a scale of 1 / 400,000, in which on the harmonized geological basis, with unified criteria between Spain and Portugal, the main metallic mineral occurrences located in the area have been represented, indicating their magnitude, substance and morphology. This cartography is a product resulting from the GEO_FPI project: GEO_FPI: cross-border observatory for the geo-economic evaluation of the Iberian Pyrite Belt, financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) within the program INTERREG V-A Spain– Portugal (POCTEP) 2014-2020. The main beneficiary of the project is the Geological Survey of Spain (IGME). Additionally, the General Directorate of Industry, Energy and Mines of the Ministry of Employment, Enterprise and Commerce of the Andalusian Government (JA) and the Portuguese National Laboratory for Energy and Geology (LNEG) and the Municipal Chamber of Aljustrel (CMA) are partners of the project.

Service of visualization (WMS) of the Tectonic Map of Spain at a scale of 1:1,000,000.
Visualisation service of the Tectonic Map in Spain at a scale of 1:1,000,000, of the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands that identifies the major structural elements of the Earth's crust, and records the Earth's dynamism in the past.

The OCG WMS Service showing the Geology of Italy at 1:500.000 scale is based on the digitization of the Geological Map of Italy at the same scale published during the 1970's and 1980's by the Geological Survey of Italy. The layers available are: Chronostratigraphy, lithostratigraphy and lithology.

Shallow gas expressions offshore Netherlands - Results from the Fault Seal Controls on Aquifer CO2 Storage Project - poster at UKCCSRC biannual meeting, Cardiff
The data consists of a poster presented at the UKCCSRC biannual meeting in Cardiff, September 10-11th 2014. The poster describes work carried-out on behalf of the 'Fault seal controls on CO2 storage capacity in aquifers' project funded by the UKCCS Research Centre, grant number UKCCSRC-C1-14. Shallow gas accumulations in the Netherlands sector of the Southern North Sea provide an opportunity to study their coincidence with faulting. Although difficult to attribute the occurrence of shallow gas to leakage of thermogenic fluids from depth (indeed shallow-sourced biogenic gas is common in the North Sea), evidence suggests a relationship, and the common attributes of the faults provide indications of the conditions under which faults in the region may leak, providing a useful indications of factors that should be avoided during CO2 storage operations.

Shallow Gas Offshore Netherlands - The Role of Faulting and Implications for CO2 Storage - extended abstract 4th International Conference on Fault and Top seal
The data consists of an extended abstract submitted to 'The Fourth International Conference on Fault and Top Seals', Almeria, Spain, 20-24th September 2015. The abstract describes work carried-out on behalf of the 'Fault seal controls on CO2 storage capacity in aquifers' project funded by the UKCCS Research Centre, grant number UKCCSRC-C1-14. The CO2-rich St. Johns Dome reservoir in Arizona provides a useful analogue for leaking CO2 storage sites, and the abstract describes an analysis of the fault-seal behaviour at the site.

Shallow Gas Offshore Netherlands - The Role of Faulting and Implications for CO2 Storage - poster at 4th International Conference on Fault and Top Seals
The data consists of a poster presented at 'The Fourth International Conference on Fault and Top Seals', Almeria, Spain, 20-24th September 2015. The abstract describes work carried-out on behalf of the 'Fault seal controls on CO2 storage capacity in aquifers' project funded by the UKCCS Research Centre, grant number UKCCSRC-C1-14. Shallow gas accumulations in the Netherlands sector of the Southern North Sea provide an opportunity to study their coincidence with faulting. Although difficult to attribute the occurrence of shallow gas to leakage of thermogenic fluids from depth (indeed shallow-sourced biogenic gas is common in the North Sea), evidence suggests a relationship, and the common attributes of the faults provide indications of the conditions under which faults in the region may leak, providing a useful indications of factors that should be avoided during CO2 storage operations.

Shallow geothermal energy systems
Installations that enable the use of the energy stored underground in a depth of up to 300 to 400 meters

ShapeCalc - 2D-3D shape projection tool and underlying database of 2D width/length distributions
ShapeCalc is an Excel-based tool that uses 2D crystal intersection widths and lengths to estimate 3D crystal shape. ShapeCalc provides 3D (S:I:L) shape estimates for 2D width-length (w-l) input data. Best estimates are found by comparing the sample w/l distribution with 2618 model w/l distributions covering shapes from 1:1:1 to 1:20:20. Model w/l distributions are obtained by 20000 random sections of a given model shape using the CSDCorrections algorithm (Higgins, 2000). For each model shape, the 20000 w/l datapoints are binned into 25 bins with w/l increments of 0.04. Binned distributions for all 2618 models are stored in the database tab. Compared to existing 2D-to-3D projection tools, ShapeCalc offers more robust constraints in 3D crystal shape (including uncertainty estimates) for a wider range of naturally occurring crystal shapes. ShapeCalc is described and published, with open access; Mangler, M.F., Humphreys, M.C.S., Wadsworth, F.B. et al. Variation of plagioclase shape with size in intermediate magmas: a window into incipient plagioclase crystallisation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 177, 64 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-022-01922-9

Sharpening the U-Th Chronometer through technical developments and community implementation (NERC Grant NE/I013814/1)
This dataset comprises a series of six .xls workbooks which contain the data auxiliary material for the manuscript "Metrology and Traceability of U-Pb Isotope Dilution Geochronology (EARTHTIME Tracer Calibration Part I)" by Daniel Condon, Blair Schoene, Noah McLean, Samuel Bowring and Randall Parrish, submitted to Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (June 2014). These data comprise the input measurement data for the EARTHTIME U-Pb Tracer Calibration experiment, the results of which are documented in the manuscript mentioned above. This data set contains isotope ratio data for the manuscript listed above. ts01.xls Amelin and Davis (2006) Pb reference material isotope ratio data ts02.xls CRM 115 U isotope ratio data ts03.xls Gravimetric-Tracer mixture isotope ratio data ts04.xls GDMS elemental concentration data ts05.xls Tracer-blank Pb isotope ratio data ts06.xls U critical mixture isotope ratio data. Link to Published Paper - Metrology and Traceability of U-Pb Isotope Dilution Geochronology (EARTHTIME Tracer Calibration Part I) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.05.026

Shear-wave splitting Topography at Kilauea (STAK) (NERC grant NE/S009043/1)
The data is from four three-component broadband seismometers deployed along the lower east rift zone during the 2018 Kilauea eruption for four months. The instruments were deployed towards the end of July before the eruption ceased, and were placed in locations that would complement the existing USGS seismic network.

shinylight, a light-weight R package to create rich web applications (NERC Grant NE/T001518/1)
The code base for IsoplotR’s graphical user interface (GUI) and its core data processing algorithms are surgically separated from each other. The command-line functionality is grouped in a lightweight package called IsoplotR, which has minimal dependencies and works on a basic R installation. It only uses commands that have been part of the R programming language for many decades and are unlikely to change in the future. In contrast, the GUI is written in html and Javascript and interacts with IsoplotR via an interface library. This interface is currently provided by the shiny package. shiny is free, open, and popular among R developers but has two important limitations: (1) it was created and is owned by a private company, which reduces the software’s future proofness; (2) shiny is a rather ‘bloated’ piece of code that does much more than is needed for IsoplotRgui. To avoid these issues, shinylight is a light-weight alternative to shiny that allows websites to call R functions in a similar fashion to the way in which node.js allows websites to use Javascript as a server language. Shinylight has been integrated in IsoplotRgui and all future software deliverables of the ‘Beyond Isoplot’ project, including the upcoming 'simplex' program for SIMS data processing.

Ship data from Tasman and Coral Seas 2019 (NERC Grant NE/S01067X/1)
These data are derived from a voyage on Australia’s R/V Investigator, IN2019_v04, ‘Hotspot dynamics in the Coral Sea: connections between the Australian plate and the deep Earth’. The voyage surveyed the Tasmantid and Lord Howe Seamounts in the Tasman and Coral Seas, together with the Louisiade Plateau in the Coral Sea, sailing from Cairns on 7 Aug 2019 and arriving in Brisbane on 3 Sep 2019. The voyage summary is available at This directory includes the ship data, in some cases with initial onshore processing done by CSIRO technical staff (e.g., the underway data). More details are available in the README file.

Shortwave infrared (SWIR) data of hydrothermal alteration from the island of Milos, Greece (NERC Grant NE/L002434/1)
This dataset provides an overview of hydrothermal alteration samples from the island of Milos, Greece, that were analysed using a portable infrared mineral analyser (PIMA) or AgriSpec spectrometer. During data acquisition, spectrums were input into The Spectral Geologist (TSG) to provide an instant and estimated mineral identification using the shortwave infrared (SWIR) part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The samples were acquired during field visits between 2017 - 2019 by the British Geological Survey and the GW4+ Doctorial Training Partnership (NE/L002434/1). This data was primarily used to aid sample collection for further hydrothermal alteration analyses to improve our understanding of regional and local paleo-hydrothermal activity across the island. Identification by the TSG provides an estimation only, and the raw data files in .txt, .fos and .csv formats, are supplied for each analysis in the attached zipped file. This may be useful within the metallic and industrial mineral mining sector and associated researchers. The data includes grid references (± 5 m), TSG interpretations, and field/sample observations noted during data acquisition. GW4+ Doctoral Training Partnership (NE/L002434/1) is supported by grant award GA/09F/139 – RMS E3557, and the British Geological Survey’s University Funding Initiative (BUFI S345).

Shrink swell dataset (5km Hex-Grid) version 7
The 5km Hex GS Shrink Swell dataset shows a generalised view of the GeoSure Shrink Swell v7 dataset to a hexagonal grid resolution of 64.95km coverage area (side length of 5km). This dataset indicates areas of potential ground movement in a helpful and user-friendly format. The rating is based on a highest level of susceptibility identified within that Hex area: Low (1), Moderate (2), Significant (3). Areas of localised significant rating are also indicated. The summarising process via spatial statistics at this scale may lead to under or over estimation of the extent of a hazard. The supporting GeoSure reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. The Shrink Swell methodology is based on the BGS Digital Map (DiGMapGB-50) and expert knowledge of the behaviour of the formations so defined. This dataset provides an assessment of the potential for a geological deposit to shrink and swell. Many soils contain clay minerals that absorb water when wet (making them swell), and lose water as they dry (making them shrink). This shrink-swell behaviour is controlled by the type and amount of clay in the soil, and by seasonal changes in the soil moisture content (related to rainfall and local drainage). The rock formations most susceptible to shrink-swell behaviour are found mainly in the south-east of Britain. Clay rocks elsewhere in the country are older and have been hardened by burial deep in the earth and are less able to absorb water. The BGS has carried out detailed geotechnical and mineralogical investigations into rock types known to shrink, and are modelling their properties across the near surface. This research underpins guidance contained in the national GeoSure dataset, and is the basis for our responses to local authorities, companies and members of the public who require specific information on the hazard in their areas. The BGS is undertaking a wide-ranging research programme to investigate this phenomenon by identifying those areas most at risk and developing sustainable management solutions. Complete Great Britain national coverage is available.

Shrink swell dataset (5km Hex-Grid) version 8
The 5km Hex GS Shrink Swell dataset shows a generalised view of the GeoSure Shrink Swell v8 dataset to a hexagonal grid resolution of 64.95km coverage area (side length of 5km). This dataset indicates areas of potential ground movement in a helpful and user-friendly format. The rating is based on a highest level of susceptibility identified within that Hex area: Low (1), Moderate (2), Significant (3). Areas of localised significant rating are also indicated. The summarising process via spatial statistics at this scale may lead to under or over estimation of the extent of a hazard. The supporting GeoSure reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. The Shrink Swell methodology is based on the BGS Digital Map (DiGMapGB-50) and expert knowledge of the behaviour of the formations so defined. This dataset provides an assessment of the potential for a geological deposit to shrink and swell. Many soils contain clay minerals that absorb water when wet (making them swell), and lose water as they dry (making them shrink). This shrink-swell behaviour is controlled by the type and amount of clay in the soil, and by seasonal changes in the soil moisture content (related to rainfall and local drainage). The rock formations most susceptible to shrink-swell behaviour are found mainly in the south-east of Britain. Clay rocks elsewhere in the country are older and have been hardened by burial deep in the earth and are less able to absorb water. The BGS has carried out detailed geotechnical and mineralogical investigations into rock types known to shrink, and are modelling their properties across the near surface. This research underpins guidance contained in the national GeoSure dataset, and is the basis for our responses to local authorities, companies and members of the public who require specific information on the hazard in their areas. The BGS is undertaking a wide-ranging research programme to investigate this phenomenon by identifying those areas most at risk and developing sustainable management solutions. Complete Great Britain national coverage is available.

Silica rheology (NERC Grants NE/H016309/1, NE/L006898/1)
Synchrotron X-radiography (images) and diffraction data collected to measure rheology of Quartz coesite and stishovite.

Silver isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Silver (Ag), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Simplified Geological Map of central-eastern Nepal (NERC Grant NE/L002582/1)
Raster (TIFF) file showing the simplified main bedrock geology units that comprise a ~45,000 km2 region of central-eastern Nepal.

Simplified geological map of Luxembourg, Scale 1:350.000
Simplified geological map of Luxembourg at a scale scale of 1:350 000

Simulated yields and transmissivities for the weathered basement aquifer of Northern Ghana (ODA grants NE/R000069/1, NE/M008827/1)
This dataset was generated with a novel process-based stochastic modelling approach to investigate the productivity and sustainability of groundwater abstractions in the Precambrian basement aquifer in Ghana. The statistical distribution of the generated synthetic yield data was found in very good agreement with observed yield data from the same Ghanaian aquifer. The dataset includes more than 40,000 simulated values of maximum allowable yield and corresponding transmissivity values for different realisations of aquifer heterogeneity, net recharge values, and borehole depth. Further details about the dataset and the method of generation and collection can be found in the article by Bianchi et al. (2020) "Investigating the productivity and sustainability of weathered basement aquifers in tropical Africa using numerical simulation and global sensitivity analysis" published in the Water Resources Research journal. This research was supported by the UKRI British Geological Survey NC-ODA grant NE/R000069/1 and NE/M008827/1.

Single Onshore Borehole Index
The Single Onshore Borehole Index (SOBI) is an index of over 1 million boreholes, shafts and wells and references collections of digital and analogue records from all forms of drilling and site investigation work held by the BGS. The index covers onshore and near shore boreholes from Great Britain dating back to at least 1790 and ranging from one to several thousand metres deep. Some 50,000 new boreholes are added each year. The majority of the records contain written descriptions of the ground encountered. The SOBI index database originated in 1988 from a number of existing tables and from data input from a variety of coding forms. Therefore not all fields in the database are populated and data that should be in some fields may currently form part of the entries in another. The index is available on the BGS website via the Geoindex

SiO2 and Rb-Sr ratios vs crustal thickness in central and south western America (NERC grant NE/K008862/1)
A GEOROC ( http://georoc.mpch-mainz.gwdg.de/georoc/) compilation of 8,531 analyses of SiO2, Rb and Sr concentrations, in crustal rocks sampled in central and southwestern America, at sites of various crustal thickness. These data were used in Dhuime et al. (2015, Nature Geoscience 8, 552-555) to establish a positive correlation between Rb/Sr (or SiO2) and crustal thickness in sites of generation of new continental crust. GEOROC - Geochemistry of Rocks of the Oceans and Continents

Site investigation reports collection
Reports of site investigations produced by external organisations carried out for all forms of site investigation The reports date back to the 1950s and may contain information on boreholes, trial pits, laboratory tests and chemical analyses etc. The collection covers the whole of Great Britain with concentrations in urban areas and transportation routes. The interpreative parts of the reports are not available to public.

Skaergaard mush thickness (NERC grant NE/J021520/1)
Dihedral angle data and bulk rock P2O5 concentrations for cumulates from the Skaergaard Intrusion of East Greenland. The data were used to constrain the thickness of the mushy layer at the point in the stratigraphic where apatite arrives as a liquidus phase. The work was published: Holness et al. (2017) Journal of Petrology, doi: 10.1093/petrology/egx040

Skouries Cu (copper)-Au (gold) deposit data (NERC Grants NE/M010848/1 and NE/M011615/1)
Mineralogical and geochemical data from sulphides and other ore minerals from the Skouries porphyry Cu-Au deposit, Greece. Samples were taken from several boreholes from the Skouries mine, courtesy of Eldorado Gold Corporation. This data contains petrological photographs; identification of platinum group minerals and precious metal minerals; and trace element concentration of ore minerals. This data was collected as part of the TeaSe consortium NERC grant in order to determine the concentration and hosting of critical and precious metals in various types of ore deposits and barren rocks from different geological environments. This data was collected and interpreted by researchers at Cardiff University and is used in a paper, available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2018.06.014.

Slope instability deformations
SDE database of Slope deformations register contains basic data of registered and authenticated slope deformations (landslides, solifluction, rock falls, etc.). Landslides are classified as active, suspended and stabilized. Database is based on verified mapping in 1 : 10,000 and landslide description and photodocumentation. Data actuality, professionality and its processing is maintained by experts from CGS.

Social science monitoring data round 1 (NERC Grant NE/M008983/1)
This data set consists of sets of qualitative data in the form of vulnerability questionnaires (referred to as tool 1) and interviews (referred to as Tool 2) from 4 communities - 2 in Northern Ghana and 2 in Burkina Faso.

Socio-economic potential index for deep geothermal energy in France

Socio-economic potential index for deep geothermal energy in the Flemish Region

Socio-economic potential index for deep geothermal energy in The Netherlands

Socio-economic potential index for deep geothermal energy in the North Rhine Westphalia Region

Socio-economic potential index for deep geothermal energy in the Upper Rhine Graben

Socio-economic potential index for deep geothermal energy in the Walloon Region

Sodium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Sodium (Na), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Sofia PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Sofia, Bulgaria. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Soil gas sampling and analysis method test results
The dataset contains details of field collection of test soil gas samples with use of Supel Inert Foil gas sampling bags and the results of methane and ethane measurements performed in order to validate a methodology of soil gas sampling and analysis. The dataset is not intended to be used for any site characterisation, sampling sites were chosen based on high probability of occurrence of measureable methane content in soil gas. Furthermore, the data will be used for formal procedure to obtain the methodology accreditation from the Polish Centre for Accreditation (PCA). The dataset might be used as a set of results of the analytical methodology in future field experimental works. However measurement data are related to particular soil types and beside validation/inter-comparison purpose are not reusable. The dataset was created within SECURe project (Subsurface Evaluation of CCS and Unconventional Risks) - https://www.securegeoenergy.eu/. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 764531

Soil Chemistry England and Wales (version 3)
This dataset has now been superseded, please see the Estimated Ambient Background Soil Chemistry England and Wales dataset. This dataset indicates the estimated topsoil Arsenic(As), Cadmium (Cd), Cr (Chromium), Nickel (Ni) and Lead (Pb) concentrations (mg kg-1) derived by spatial interpolation of the point source urban soil PHE (potentially harmful elements) data. Urban soil geochemical data generally have large positive skewness coefficients so were transformed by taking natural logarithms. To overcome the bias associated with traditional measures of location (mean) and scale (standard deviation) for log-normal data, the inverse distance weighted (IDW) mean and standard deviation of log transformed element concentrations were used for mapping the spatial variation in As, Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb concentrations. The soil chemistry data is based on GBASE (Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment) soil geochemical data where these are available. Elsewhere the stream sediment data are converted to surface soil equivalent potentially harmful element(PHE) concentrations. This dataset covers England and Wales but data is available for the whole of Great Britain, with the exception of the London area where an inadequate number of geochemical samples are available at the moment.

Soil chemistry Scotland (version 3)
This dataset has now been superseded, please see the Estimated Ambient Background Soil Chemistry Scotland dataset. The BGS digital soil chemistry data indicates the estimated geometric mean concentrations (mg kg-1) of Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni) and Lead (Pb) in surface soil. The soil chemistry data is based on GBASE (Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment) soil geochemical data where these are available. Elsewhere the stream sediment data are converted to surface soil equivalent potentially harmful element(PHE) concentrations. This dataset covers Scotland but data is available for the whole of Great Britain, with the exception of the London area where an inadequate number of geochemical samples are available at the moment.

Soil map at a scale of 1:1M, compiled by Milan Tomášek. The map includes also the soil grain size layer. The classification of soil types was updated in 2016 according to the Taxonomy system for soils in the Czech Republic and World Reference Base for Soil Resources 2014, update 2015.

WMS Service provides CGS - Soil map at a scale of 1:1M has been compiled by Milan Tomášek and published with a publication Soils of the Czech Republic (3rd edition, Czech Geological Survey, 2003). Part of this map service is a layer describing soil grain size.

The maps show the soil cover of the Czech Republic. They express the typological affiliation of the soil in the "Taxonomic classification system of soils of the Czech Republic" (Němeček et al., 2011), or the version for forest soils (Vokoun et al., 2002), i.e. soil type, subtype, soil variety, or subvariety. The data for the selected map sheets also contain data on the soil parent material in a classification based on the legend of the Geological Map of the Czech Republic 1:50,000, supplemented by classification codes (Schuler et al,. 2013).
This soil map on a scale of 1:50,000 is the most detailed soil map so far, which maps both agricultural and forest land together in the area of the entire territory of the Czech Republic (in process), in the same and up-to-date soil classification system. In the GIS environment, the maps are processed after the map sheets of the ZM50 division, so that they create a continuous thematic layer of the soil-typology map.

INSPIRE View Service enables access to soil maps at a scale of 1 : 50,000 of the new digital edition of the Czech Geological Survey (since 2012).

Soil media (S)
DRASTIC parameter S

Soil Regions of the European Union and Adjacent Countries 1:5,000,000
The map of the "Soil Regions of the European Union and Adjacent Countries 1:5,000,000 (Version 2.0)" is published by the Federal Institute of Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), in partnership with the Joint Research Center (JRC, Ispra). The soil regions map is intended to support the current national mapping activities towards a European 1:250,000 datbase by stratifying similar regional soil associations into a hierarchical concept. Only by stratification, the complexity of soils can be systematically structured so that the complex 1:250,000 legend can be handled in cross-national and contintental-level applications. Soil regions are natural, cross-regional soil geographical units which perform the highest spatial and content-based aggregation of European soils. They represent the frame conditions for soil development at the landscape level. The soil regions are presented at scale 1:5,000,000. Thus, its borders are highly generalized. Because of its low resolution, the map units absorb atypical soils and associations of soils, which are only described in higher resolution soil maps. The delineation of the soil regions is expected to be refined (and probably improved by its content) during the actual 1:250,000 mapping process. Thus, updating can be expected in the future. Currently, the soil regions map is the only graphical soil representation in Europe which has been developed using fully comparable and harmonized basic data at the continental level (climate, hydrography, relief, geology, vegetation): the interpretation of this input data, and the utilization of expert knowledge (including the interpretation of regional soil maps) has been done using one common methodology, developed and applied consistently throughout the whole mapping area by an experienced international soil mapper (Dr. Reinhard Hartwich, former member of BGR, and co-author of the 1998 Manual of Procedures). The methodology is extensively described in the Explanatory Notes (German), and in the revised Manual of Procedures which is expected to be completed soon. It is highly recommended to apply and interpret the map using the map comments and descriptions as provided in the explanatory notes (German: Hartwich et al. 2005; English: revision of the Manual of Procedures, initial version: Finke et al. 2001).

Soil Regions of the European Union and Adjacent Countries 1:5,000,000 (WMS)
The map of the "Soil Regions of the European Union and Adjacent Countries 1:5,000,000 (Version 2.0)" is published by the Federal Institute of Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), in partnership with the Joint Research Center (JRC, Ispra). The soil regions map is intended to support the current national mapping activities towards a European 1:250,000 datbase by stratifying similar regional soil associations into a hierarchical concept. Only by stratification, the complexity of soils can be systematically structured so that the complex 1:250,000 legend can be handled in cross-national and contintental-level applications. Soil regions are natural, cross-regional soil geographical units which perform the highest spatial and content-based aggregation of European soils. They represent the frame conditions for soil development at the landscape level. The soil regions are presented at scale 1:5,000,000. Thus, its borders are highly generalized. Because of its low resolution, the map units absorb atypical soils and associations of soils, which are only described in higher resolution soil maps. The delineation of the soil regions is expected to be refined (and probably improved by its content) during the actual 1:250,000 mapping process. Thus, updating can be expected in the future. Currently, the soil regions map is the only graphical soil representation in Europe which has been developed using fully comparable and harmonized basic data at the continental level (climate, hydrography, relief, geology, vegetation): the interpretation of this input data, and the utilization of expert knowledge (including the interpretation of regional soil maps) has been done using one common methodology, developed and applied consistently throughout the whole mapping area by an experienced international soil mapper (Dr. Reinhard Hartwich, former member of BGR, and co-author of the 1998 Manual of Procedures). The methodology is extensively described in the Explanatory Notes (German), and in the revised Manual of Procedures which is expected to be completed soon. It is highly recommended to apply and interpret the map using the map comments and descriptions as provided in the explanatory notes (German: Hartwich et al. 2005; English: revision of the Manual of Procedures, initial version: Finke et al. 2001).

Soilmap of Denmark 1:1 million
Soil-type map of Denmark 1:1 million. The map is an automatic generalization of Soilmap of Denmark 1:200.000 and a contribution to the worldwide OneGeology project. Please note that this map is fit for use as a large-scale illustration only, due to the automatic procedure used for generalization.

Soilmap of Denmark 1:200.000
Soil-type map of Denmark 1:200.000 version 2.
An interpreted overview map of surface geology in Denmark. The map shows a countrywide classification and distribution of soil types (mostly glacial and postglacial sediments) at the surface of Denmark. The soil types are divided into 12 different legend items. The map has a scale of 1:200.000, and is suited for educational use and as a background layer for other mapped themes.
The map is published in GEUS report 2011/19.

Solomon Islands Regional Geochemistry.
Two geochemical surveys were undertaken in the Solomon Islands between 1976 and 1983 as part of a combined geological mapping and mineral exploration project. The survey of Choiseul and the Shortland Islands was carried out between 1976 and 1979 by the Institute of Geological Sciences (now the British Geological Survey) with support from staff of the Geology Division of the Ministry of Land, Energy and Natural Resources, Solomon Islands. The project produced 12 geological maps at 1:50,000 scale as well as a series of unpublished reports. The survey of the New Georgia Group of islands was undertaken between 1979 and 1983. The project produced 7 geological maps at a scale of 1:100,000 and a regional map of the entire island group at a scale of 1:250,000. A series of multielement geochemical anomaly maps were produced at a scale of 1:100,000 to accompany each of the published geological maps. Master copies of these are held at the Geological Survey in Honiara. Full descriptions of the methods used are described in the margins of the anomaly maps. A total of 8848 stream sediment samples were collected from Choiseul and 7441 from the New Georgia Group, resulting in an average sampling density for the two areas of 2.68 samples per km2 and 1.47 samples per km2 respectively. Sampling in the Shortland Islands was confined to the larger islands, 187 were collected from the Fauro Island group, 148 from Alu and 69 from Mono. The samples were dry sieved and the fraction passing -80 mesh B.S. (177 microns) was analysed. A hot concentrated nitric acid digestion was used prior to analysis by atomic absorbtion spectrophotometry (AAS) for Co, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Ag, and Mn. Samples from the vicinity of the Siruka Ultramafic Complex were determined for Cr by AAS after digestion by a bisulphate fusion technique. Raw data can be obtained from the Geology Division, Ministry of Mines and Energy, PO Box G37, Honiara, Solomon Islands.

Solubility, kinetics and metal drawdown during precipitation of Fe(II)-silicate over a range of temperatures (NERC Grant NE/M013014/1)
Solubility and kinetic data for Fe(II)-silicate precipitation over a range of temperatures, as well as metal drawdown and metal release during diagenesis. Characterisation data for solid precipitates using FTIR and XRD. The XRDML data should be opened on Panalytical highscore, and the XLS file should be opened with Excel, Numbers or OpenOffice. Paper currently under review ‘Micronutrient availability in ferruginous, silica-rich Precambrian oceans’, Rosalie Tostevin, Imad Ahmed

Soluble rocks dataset (5km Hex-Grid) version 7
The 5km Hex GS Soluble Rocks dataset shows a generalised view of the GeoSure Soluble Rocks v7 dataset to a hexagonal grid resolution of 64.95km coverage area (side length of 5km). This dataset indicates areas of potential ground movement in a helpful and user-friendly format. The rating is based on a highest level of susceptibility identified within that Hex area: Low (1), Moderate (2), Significant (3). Areas of localised significant rating are also indicated. The summarising process via spatial statistics at this scale may lead to under or over estimation of the extent of a hazard. The supporting GeoSure reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. The Soluble Rocks methodology is based on the BGS Digital Map (DiGMapGB-50) and expert knowledge of the behaviour of the formations so defined. This dataset provides an assessment of the potential for dissolution within a geological deposit. Ground dissolution occurs when certain types of rock contain layers of material that may dissolve if they get wet. This can cause underground cavities to develop. These cavities reduce support to the ground above and can lead to a collapse of overlying rocks. Dissolution of soluble rocks produces landforms and features collectively known as 'karst'. Britain has four main types of soluble or 'karstic' rocks; limestone, chalk, gypsum and salt, each with a different character and associated potential hazards. Engineering problems associated with these karstic rocks include subsidence, sinkhole formation, uneven rock-head and reduced rock-mass strength. Sinkhole formation and subsidence has the potential to cause damage to buildings and infrastructure. Complete Great Britain national coverage is available.

Soluble rocks dataset (5km Hex-Grid) version 8
The 5km Hex GS Soluble Rocks dataset shows a generalised view of the GeoSure Soluble Rocks v8 dataset to a hexagonal grid resolution of 64.95km coverage area (side length of 5km). This dataset indicates areas of potential ground movement in a helpful and user-friendly format. The rating is based on a highest level of susceptibility identified within that Hex area: Low (1), Moderate (2), Significant (3). Areas of localised significant rating are also indicated. The summarising process via spatial statistics at this scale may lead to under or over estimation of the extent of a hazard. The supporting GeoSure reports can help inform planning decisions and indicate causes of subsidence. The Soluble Rocks methodology is based on the BGS Digital Map (DiGMapGB-50) and expert knowledge of the behaviour of the formations so defined. This dataset provides an assessment of the potential for dissolution within a geological deposit. Ground dissolution occurs when certain types of rock contain layers of material that may dissolve if they get wet. This can cause underground cavities to develop. These cavities reduce support to the ground above and can lead to a collapse of overlying rocks. Dissolution of soluble rocks produces landforms and features collectively known as 'karst'. Britain has four main types of soluble or 'karstic' rocks; limestone, chalk, gypsum and salt, each with a different character and associated potential hazards. Engineering problems associated with these karstic rocks include subsidence, sinkhole formation, uneven rock-head and reduced rock-mass strength. Sinkhole formation and subsidence has the potential to cause damage to buildings and infrastructure. Complete Great Britain national coverage is available.

SoS Minerals Madagascar ion adsorption deposits, inorganic leaching of rare earth elements (NERC Grant NE/M011232/2)
Data from experiments on rare earth element leaching from ion adsorption deposits. Columns experiments of leaching from a Madagascar ion-adsorption soil. Six soil columns for two deposit types with different starting/operational conditions. Data reported are the volume, pH and conductivity, and the molar concentrations of each eluate fraction for the metals, ammonia and Cl. SOS - NERC Security of Supply of Mineral (SoS) Resources programme

Sosnowiec PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Sosnowiec, Poland. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Southern Denmark PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Southern Denmark, Denmark. It has been provided by Altamira Information as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Southern Permian Basin Atlas
The Southern Permian Basin Atlas (SPBA) presents a comprehensive and systematic overview of the results of over 150 years of petroleum exploration and research in the Southern Permian Basin area. The Atlas aims to stimulate the petroleum E&P industry to continue their activities in this mature basin. The subsurface characterization provided in the Atlas will also be of great value to governments, researchers and other individuals interested in the deep subsurface.

Southern Ruhr PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Southern Ruhr, Germany. It has been provided by Altamira Information as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Spanish Inventory of Places of Geological Interest (IELIG)
Database of the Spanish Inventory of Places of Geological Interest (IELIG) which, in accordance with Law 42/2007, must be drawn up and updated by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and the Environment, with the collaboration of the Autonomous Communities and scientific institutions. Royal Decree 1274/2011, entrusts the IGME with the completion of this inventory, without prejudice to the actions that the Autonomous Communities, in the use of their powers, carry out to complete it in their respective territories. Includes LIGs from the former IGME national inventory (developed basically between 1978 and 1988) and MAGNA geological mapping projects, plus sites that come from the IGME inventory carried out with the methodology designed for the IELIG but which have not been collected by the official autonomous inventories.

Spanish Land Movements Map at a scale of 1:1.000.000
Map delimiting the areas with different types of land movements, representing the most intense and frequent movements. It therefore shows the distribution and extent of the most problematic areas from a practical point of view. Land movements are classified into four main groups: horizontal component movements (landslides and landslides), vertical component movements (subsidence and subsidence, and expansive clays), unstable processes in coastal areas and movements related to mining operations. Areas with significant erosion processes are also included. This map, published in 1987, was drawn up entirely by staff of the Geological Survey of Spain in response to the need for information on geological hazards and risks on a national scale.

Spatial and temporal datasets for 11 different small-scale laboratory experiments of fluid-driven fractures
These data consist of spatial and temporal datasets for 11 different small-scale laboratory experiments of fluid-driven fractures, described in the paper Up, down, and round again: the circulating flow dynamics of flux-driven fractures (Chalk and Kavanagh, accepted in Physics of Fluids, February 2024). These experiments, conducted at the University of Liverpool, are analogue models of natural fluid-driven fractures in glacial and magmatic settings. Fractures were created by injecting water or silicone oil into transparent gelatine at a constant rate. The total experimental data set consists of 11 different experiments named: S1,S2,S3,S4,S5,W1,W2,W3,W4,SH,WH. S experiments involve the injection of silicone oil, and W experiments involve the injection of water. The raw data consist of a temporal series of jpegs from camera recordings of each experiment, located in the subdirectory "frames". For all experiments except for WH and SH, the data also consist of a temporal series of csv files containing spatial velocity data of the internal fluid flow, located in the subdirectory "PIV". These data are described in further detail in the metadata file in the raw data directory.

Species occurrences of Mesozoic and Paleogene Testudinata in time and space (NERC grant NE/J020613/1)
The data consist of several spreadsheets detailing the temporal and geographical distributions of testudinates (turtles, terrapins and tortoises) through time. Occurrence data includes information on taxonomy, geographical distribution and geological age and is limited to Mesozoic-Paleogene taxa. These data were compiled from the published literature on fossil turtles for NERC Standard Grant NE/J020613/1. These data form the basis for understanding the role of changing global climates and geography on testudinate diversity and distribution though time, with the aim of providing historical baseline data for modern conservation biology. The data represent a summary over 150 years of published research on fossil turtles and their relatives and were compiled over a period of 3.5 years during the tenure of a grant. To date they have provided the data used in analyses presented by Nicholson et al. (2015, 2016) and Waterson et al. (2016). Details of the analyses and the results obtained can be found in these papers.

Specific annual thermal load - closed loop systems
Specific annual thermal energy content for heating and / or cooling referring per surface area for borehole heat exchangers at a defined length.

Specific annual thermal load - open loop systems
Energy content available per year in a defined volume of a groundwater body for heating and/or cooling applications

Specific hydraulic productivity
Maximum yield or pumping rate of a groundwater well doublet per square meter at a given location.

Specific thermal capacity - closed loop systems
Specific thermal capacity per surface area unit for borehole heat exchangers of a defined length.

Specific thermal capacity - open loop systems
Thermal capacity of a well doublet for heating and/or cooling depending on the hydraulic productivity and the thermal productivity.

Specific yeild
Extracted water volume per hour and meter drawdown for a defined well diameter.

Specific yield
Extracted water volume per hour and meter drawdown for a defined well diameter.

Spectrometry
Database contains data from gamma-spectrometry survey. Gamma-ray spectrometry survey means measurement of natural radioactive isotopes concentration i.e. potassium 40K [%], uranium 328U and 235U [ppm], thorium 232Th [ppm]; simultaneously, total gamma-ray activity was registered. This survey started in 1976 and covered about 60 % of the territory.

Speleothem chemical data and soil acidity experiments (NE/K012827/1)
speleothem data - ICP-AES (Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy) , incomplete soil acidity experiments - soil water chemistry after acidification - incomplete

Speleothem chronology in Ledyanaya Lenskaya and Botovskaya caves used in publication "Paleoclimate evidence of vulnerable permafrost during times of low sea-ice" By Vaks, A. et al.(2020) (NERC grant NE/K005057/1, NE/G013829/1)
The tables describe U-series chronology of speleothems in Ledyanaya Lenskaya and Botovskaya caves used in the manuscript "Paleoclimate evidence of vulnerable permafrost during times of low sea ice" by Vaks et al. 2020, Nature 577, 7789, 221–225. The information included in the tables is listed as following: Table 1: Table 1a includes U–Pb data from Ledyanaya Lenskaya and Botovskaya caves; Table 1b includes common Pb estimates for Ledyanaya Lenskaya and Botovskaya caves. Table 2: U–Th chronology of speleothems from Botovskaya Cave. The data shows when speleothems were growing in Ledyanaya Lenskaya Cave during the last 1.5 Ma and in Botovskaya Cave during the last 0.7 Ma. Speleothems grow when water seeps from the surface into the caves. If the soil and rock above the cave is permanently frozen, water will not reach the cave and speleothems will not grow. Together with the data from Vaks et al (2013) "Speleothems Reveal 500,000-Year History of Siberian Permafrost", Science 340, 6129, p 183–186, these speleothem deposition periods show when the permafrost above the two caves was discontinuous or absent. Published Paper: Vaks, A., Mason, A. J. Breitenbach, S. F. M., Kononov, A. M., Osinzev, A. V., Rosensaft, M., Borshevsky, A., Gutareva, O. S., Henderson, G. M. Palaeoclimate evidence of vulnerable permafrost during times of low sea ice. Nature 577, 7789, 221–225 (2020) doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1880-1

Spence porphyry copper deposit: Hematite (U-Th-Sm)/He geochronology
This spreadsheet contains (U-Th-Sm)/He data for 73 hematite samples from the supergene profile of the Spence porphyry copper deposit in the Central Andes. These data are discussed in the G-cubed publication titled 'A rusty record of weathering and groundwater movement in the hyperarid Central Andes' (Shaw et al., 2021). Spence porphyry copper deposit Drill hole SPD0324, UTM WGS1984 19S, E 474975.22, N 7481100.39 Drill hole SPD 1848, UTM WGS1984 19S, E 474998.29, N 7481399.87 Drill hole SPD 0402, UTM WGS1984 19S, E 473969.87, N 7479755.01

SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission) 90m Digital Elevation Model (DEM) Data for Kwale County, Kenya produced by the Gro for GooD project. (NERC Grant NE/M008894/1)
This dataset contains digital terrain data that describes the topography of the area under study at 90m resolution based on SRTM 90m Digital Elevation Data from the CGIAR-CSI (Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research - Consortium for Spatial Information). Gro for GooD: Groundwater Risk Management for Growth and Development, https://upgro.org/consortium/gro-for-good/

Stable Isotope and geochemical Data from Spain and France (NERC grant NE/J020842/1)
Stable Isotope and trace element analyses (Ca, Sr, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations) derived from Cretaceous Belemnites including Duvalia tornajoensis, D. cf. lata constricta, D. binervia, D. cf. emericii, Hibolithes, H. cf. jaculoides, Berriasibelus, Castellanibelus and Pseudobelus.

Stable isotope and sedimentological data from Wallywash Great Pond, Jamaica (NERC Grant NE/K00610X/1)
Oxygen and carbon isotope measurements from multiple-shell samples of the ostracod Cypretta brevisapta, and loss-on-ignition determinations, from Core WAGP taken from Wallywash Great Pond, Jamaica. A chronology for the core is provided by radiocarbon dates and short-lived radio-isotopes. The data provide a proxy for changing hydroclimate for the period 2000 – 200 CE.

Stable isotope and trace element data for planktonic foraminifera from IODP Site U1338 (NERC Grant NE/I528750/1)
Oxygen and carbon isotope ratios (δ18O, δ13C) were measured on 10 to 12 shells of mixed-layer dwelling species Globigerinoides subquadratus from the 250 to 315 μm size fraction from 425 meters composite depth (mcd) until its extinction at 390 mcd. Analyses then continue with Globigerinoides spp. until 350 mcd. In a few samples, where foraminiferal density was low, only 5–7 specimens were analyzed. Analyses were made with a VG Optima mass spectrometer with multi prep device at the British Geological Survey, Keyworth, UK. When picking shells, care was taken to exclude individuals with broken or missing chambers, although preservation of specimens was generally excellent (Fox & Wade, 2013). The external reproducibility of our measurements is ±0.07‰ and ±0.05‰ for δ18O and δ13C respectively. To examine the reproducibility of the results, duplicate measurements were made on 35 samples (5%), which indicate mean reproducibility better than ±0.12‰ and ±0.14‰ for δ18O and δ13C, respectively. Oxygen isotope data are reported as per mil on the VPDB scale (Table S1) calibrated through laboratory and international standards. At ODP Site 1146, δ18O and δ13C were measured by Holbourn et al., (2010) on the mixed-layer dwelling planktonic foraminifera Globigerinoides obliquus or Gs. subquadratus, using 10 to 20 well-preserved tests from the size fraction 250-350 μm. Paired measurements in 51 samples indicate no significant offset in δ18O and δ13C between Gs. obliquus and Gs. subquadratus. Detailed methods are outlined in Holbourn et al., (2010). δ13C data are not used here. For Mg/Ca analyses, we selected 25–35 specimens of Trilobatus quadrilobatus (140–550 μg) from the 250 to 315 μm size fraction; the same size fraction as used for δ18O analysis, to minimize size-related intraspecific elemental variation (Elderfield et al., 2002). Analyses were performed on 86 samples over the studied interval. The tests were gently crushed and subsequently cleaned according to the protocol of Martin & Lea (2002) to remove clays. Cleaning included a reductive step with hydrazine to remove Mn-(hydr)oxides. Samples were measured on an ICP-AES device at Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Germany. Analytical precision is ~1.1%, based on measurements of an internal laboratory standard. Replicate Mg/Ca measurements revealed an average standard deviation of ~0.08 mmol/mol. Adequate cleaning is indicated by very low Fe/Ca, Al/Ca and Mn/Ca ratios.

Stable isotope, sedimentological and geochemical data from Holocene lake-sediment core YC2 from Yaal Chac, Mexico (NERC Grant NE/K00610X/1)
Dataset contains an interannual to sub centennial resolution record of carbonate oxygen and carbon isotopes, bulk sediment geochemistry and sedimentology from a 2.95 metre-long core (YC2) from Yaal Chac. The core was dated using a combination of radiocarbon dates and short-lived radio-isotopes. Data are presented in Metcalfe et al (2022) Quaternary Science Reviews https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107445

Stassfurt PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Stassfurt, Germany. It has been provided by DLR as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Static gravity data Campi Flegrei, Italy (2015 survey) (NERC grant NE/J020052/1)
The data set contains location (latitude and longitude), ellipsoidal height (m) and observed gravity of benchmarks at the Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy. The gravity and location data were collected between 8 and 12 July, 2015 using a Scintrex CG5 gravimeter (serial number: 572) in tandem with a TOPCON HiPer Pro Dual-Frequency GNSS base and rover system. The survey contained a total of 85 benchmarks in addition to the base station.

Stockholm PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Stockholm, Sweden. It has been provided by CGG NPA Satellite Mapping as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Stoer Group and Sibley Group nitrogen geochemistry in red beds (NERC Grant NE/V010824/1)
Nitrogen abundances in red shales are shown to be suitable as a biosignature that may be applicable to red beds on Mars. The data set includes organic carbon and nitrogen abundances and isotopic ratios, carbonate carbon and oxygen isotope ratios, and metal abundances. We evaluate potential abiotic effects and discuss diagenetic scenarios that lead to an enrichment of ammonium in clay minerals.

Stoke-on-Trent PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

StPetersburg PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for StPetersburg, Russia. It has been provided by CGG NPA Satellite Mapping as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) Data and Related Information (1999-)
The SEA portal is managed by the BGS on behalf of DECC and provides free access to downloadable data, information and reports which have been produced through the SEA process. The Department of Trade and Industry (now DECC) began a sequence of sectoral SEAs of the implications of further licensing of the UK Continental Shelf (UKCS) for oil and gas exploration and production in 1999. The SEA Process subdivided the UKCS into eight areas shown; beginning in 2008, integrated Offshore Energy SEAs have been undertaken that cover the whole UKCS. An integral part of the SEA programme has been a series of research and monitoring surveys commissioned to acquire new data about the offshore environment and used to help inform the relevant SEAs. Many files can be downloaded directly from portal. Those that are too large to download can be ordered via the website for postal delivery from BGS.

Stratigraphic Surfaces Database.
This database stores down-hole stratigraphic data to complement the seismic surface picks stored in the Seismic Locations And Sections Database (LOCSEC). Because these surfaces are chosen for their visibility on seismic data, they may not be directly equivalent to established BGS lithostratigraphic and/or choronstratigraphic divisions. However, the local coding system is based on and can relate to the BGS stratigraphic LEXICON. Stratigraphic picks are stored in terms of depth and seismic one-way travel time. Local borehole summary information (location, elevation, etc.) is used because both onshore and offshore boreholes are stored in this database. These data can be related to the BGS onshore borehole database by borehole registration, and to the offshore well database by DTI well-id. Additional tables (under development) provide information on hydrocarbon tests and their results. Almost all data are within the UK Onshore area; although there are some UK near-shore and offshore (North Sea, Irish Sea).

Stream sediment geochemistry (500m Grid) dataset
This dataset represents the first publication of complete national maps from the Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment (G-BASE) and TellusNI projects, whose aim was to conduct a national geochemical survey of the United Kingdom in order to improve understanding of our geology and environment and provide quantitative evidence against which to gauge future environmental change. This dataset consists of a series of interpolated raster (ASCII grid) maps displaying the concentrations of a suite of chemical elements (and oxides) in the stream sediments of the United Kingdom. The chemical elements are as follows: Arsenic, Barium, Calcium (CaO), Chromium, Cobalt, Copper, Iron (Fe2O3), Lanthanum, Lead, Magnesium (MgO), Manganese (MnO), Nickel, Potassium (K2O), Rubidium, Uranium, Vanadium, Zinc and Zirconium.

Stress-Dependent Permeability data, XRD Mineralogy, Porosity, Density for Glasgow Main Coal, mudstone and sandstone.
Stress-Dependent permeability data for samples of the Glasgow Main coal and the overlying mudstone and sandstone from the UKGEOS research borehole GGC01. Associated XRD mineralogy, Helium Porosity, bulk and matrix densities are also included. Samples and data are derived from the UK Geoenergy Observatories Programme funded by the UKRI Natural Environment Research Council and delivered by the British Geological Survey.

Strontium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Strontium (Sr), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Strontium, Oxygen, Hydrogen and Boron isotopes of Mariana mud volcano pore waters (NERC grant NE/P020909/1)
Porewaters from IODP Expedition 366 were extracted from serpentinite mud volcano sediments onboard the RV JOIDES Resolution (see Fryer et al, 2017; 2018 for details). Selected samples were then analysed at the University of Southampton for 87Sr/86Sr and boron isotopes and SUERC for stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope data. The strontium isotope data has recently been accepted for publication (Albers et al., 2019 (In Press) Fluid–rock interactions in the shallow Mariana forearc: carbon cycling and redox conditions, Solid Earth special issue "Exploring new frontiers in fluids processes in subduction zones").

Structural framework - Bavaria
Structural framework limits (with uncertainties) and units in the Bavaria one-country pilot. Datasets compiled and harmonised by the Bavarian Environment Agency.

Structural framework - Ireland
Structural framework limits (with uncertainties) and units in the Irish one-country pilot. Datasets compiled and harmonised by the Geological Survey Ireland.

Structural framework - pan-European
Structural framework limits (with uncertainties) and units at pan-European scale. Compiled and harmonised by the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences – Geological Survey of Belgium.

Structural framework - Pannonian Basin
Structural framework limits (with uncertainties) and units in the Pannonian Basin area of interest. Compiled and harmonised from datasets of WP4 partners Mining and Geological Survey of Hungary, Geological Survey of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatian Geological Survey, Geological Institute of Romania, Geological Survey of Serbia, State Geological Institute of Dionyz Stur, Geological Survey of Slovenia and State Information Geological Fund of Ukraine.

Structural framework - Roer-to-Rhine
Structural framework limits (with uncertainties) and units in the Roer-to-Rhine area of interest. Compiled and harmonised from datasets of WP3 partners Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences – Geological Survey of Belgium, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Flemish Institute for Technological Research and Geological Survey of North Rhine‐Westphalia.

Structure and Composition of Large Low Shear Velocity Provinces (NERC Grant NE/K006290/1)
Input and output files from first-principles calculations to compute the lattice thermal conductivity, elastic properties, and phase stability of various lower mantle minerals. Spreadsheets of processing and final results. Article pre-prints.

Structure and evolution of the Sorbas basin - dataset (NERC Grant NE/F019475/1)
The dataset comprises: Petrophysical data for rocks from the region, XRD mineralogical data, Results of the gravity survey of the basin, tabulation and location of all bedding orientation data for the basin, and sediment transport lineation data. The dataset accompanies publication : On the Structure and Evolution of the Sorbas Basin, S.E. Spain, Tectonophysics 773 (2019) 228230, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2019.228230

Structure from motion data imagery from Skeiðarársandur (2022) (NERC Grant: NE/X002020/1)
This dataset comprises approximately 18600 nadir images taken from a UAS (Unmanned Aircraft Systems) and saved as .jpg files. The dataset broadly covers the area of proximal Skeiðarársandur area (~63.9 N, 17.3 W), and Skeiðarársandur coastline (63.7 N, 17.5 W) at the mouth of Gígjukvísl on 18th April 2022 in Southern Iceland. The data set broadly stretches for an area 11 km east, and 8 km north in the proximal Skeiðarársandur area. The coverage is variable as the imagery is centred on the proglacial lakes and associated drainage rivers. Data was collected over two field campaigns after the December 2021 Glacial Lake Outburst Flood, with collections occurring in April and June 2022. Flights were conducted at 120 m elevation with >60% overlap between images. Ground control points collected in the GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System ) dataset were used to georeference the imagery. The images were collected to quantify the impacts of the flood and to try and identify strand lines and high water marks. Newcastle University was responsible for collection of the data.

Structure Of The Bedrock
The data comprises information on the subsurface structure of stratigraphic levels and units in the United Kingdom, detailing depth to and thickness of the units. These result from projects in different parts of the UK performed at different times. Common working scales are 1:50 000 and 1:250 000 with appropriate differences in detail. Much mapping results from interpretation of seismic data, and as a result many of the structural maps are in time rather than depth, although some have been depth converted.

Structures in Finland 1:1M
The Geological Map of the Fennoscandian Shield dataset shows fault and impact structures. This incorporates data from the map of the bedrock of Fennoscandia (2001) and new data on Quaternary geology.

Subaerial Landslide - lines
No features yet.

Subaerial Landslide - points
No features yet.

Subaerial Landslide - polygons
Relict subaerial landslide feature. Where information is available these are subdivided further: 1. Slide deposit; 2. Slide scar (area of missing material on failure surface; 3. Other. Where information on the genesis is available that is also provided: 1. Rotational; 2. Translational; 3. Block; 4. Rockfall; 5. Debris Flow; 6. Creep; 7. Lateral Spread; 8. Debris avalanche; 9. Other. Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

Submarine Earthquakes Points
Locations of relevant events delivered by National Partners and not reported on the Seismic Portal (EMSC website).

Submarine Fluid Emissions Points (100k)
Fluid emissions of non volcanic origin and mud-volcanoes on seafloors, mapped by various national and regional mapping projects and recovered in the literature. Points represent areas smaller than 4 hectares. (for larger areas, see fluid emissions polygons layer) Note: blank areas do not necessarily correspond to no occurrence.

Submarine Fluid Emissions Points (250k)
Submarine mud-volcanoes and fluid emissions of non volcanic origin, mapped by various national and regional mapping projects and recovered in the literature. Note: Project is ongoing and the work is in progress; blank areas do not necessarily correspond to no occurrence.

Submarine Fluid Emissions Polygons (100k)
Fluid emissions of non volcanic origin and mud-volcanoes on seafloors, mapped by various national and regional mapping projects and recovered in the literature. Polygons represent areas larger than 4 hectares. (for smaller areas, see fluid emissions points layer) Note: blank areas do not necessarily correspond to no occurrence.

Submarine Fluid Emissions Polygons (250k)
Submarine mud-volcanoes and fluid emissions of non volcanic origin, mapped by various national and regional mapping projects and recovered in the literature. Note: Project is ongoing and the work is in progress; blank areas do not necessarily correspond to no occurrence.

Submarine Landslides Lines (100k)
Submarine landslides scarps, detected on the seabed, mapped by various national and regional mapping projects and recovered in the literature. Note: blank areas do not necessarily correspond to no occurrence.

Submarine Landslides Lines (250k)
Submarine landslides scarps, detectable on the seabed, mapped by various national and regional mapping projects and recovered in the literature. Note: Project is ongoing and the work is in progress; blank areas do not necessarily correspond to no occurrence.

Submarine Landslides Points (100k)
Submarine landslides, detected on the seabed, outcropping or buried, mapped by various national and regional mapping projects and recovered in the literature. Points represent landslide areas smaller than 4 hectares. (for larger areas, see submarine landslides polygons layer) Note: blank areas do not necessarily correspond to no occurrence.

Submarine Landslides Points (250k)
Submarine landslides, visible on the seabed, mapped by various national and regional mapping projects and recovered in the literature. Points refer to landslide areas smaller than 60 hectares. Note: Project is ongoing and the work is in progress; blank areas do not necessarily correspond to no occurrence

Submarine Landslides Polygons (100k)
Submarine landslides, detected on the seabed, outcropping or buried, mapped by various national and regional mapping projects and recovered in the literature. Locally polygons are extended on land to include the subaerial portions and/or origin of the landslides. Polygons represent areas larger than 4 hectares. (for smaller areas, see submarine landslides points layer) Note: blank areas do not necessarily correspond to no occurrence.

Submarine Landslides Polygons (250k)
Submarine landslides, detectable on the seabed, outcropping or buried, mapped by various national and regional mapping projects and recovered in the literature. Locally landslides are extended on land to include their origin. Note: blank areas do not necessarily correspond to no occurrence.

Submarine Volcanoes Lines (100k)
Submarine volcanic structures and eruption centers, mapped by various national and regional mapping projects and recovered in the literature. Lines represent eruptive fissures or borders of lava flows. Note: blank areas do not necessarily correspond to no occurrence.

Submarine Volcanoes Lines (250k)
Submarine volcanoes, mapped by various national and regional mapping projects and recovered in the literature. Lines refer to eruptive fissures or borders of lava flows. Note: Project is ongoing and the work is in progress; blank areas do not necessarily correspond to no occurrence.

Submarine Volcanoes Points (100k)
Submarine volcanic structures and eruption centers including hydrothermal activity, mapped by various national and regional mapping projects and recovered in the literature. Points represent areas smaller than 4 hectares. (for larger areas, see volcanoes polygons layer) or additional culminations of volcanic structures. Note: blank areas do not necessarily correspond to no occurrence.

Submarine Volcanoes Points (250k)
Submarine volcanoes, mapped by various national and regional mapping projects and recovered in the literature. Points refer to specific morphotypes or areas smaller than 60 hectares. Note: Project is ongoing and the work is in progress; blank areas do not necessarily correspond to no occurrence.

Submarine Volcanoes Polygons (100k)
Submarine volcanic structures and eruption centers including hydrothermal activity, mapped by various national and regional mapping projects and recovered in the literature. Locally polygons are extended on land to include the emerged portions of the volcanoes. Polygons represent areas larger than 4 hectares. (for smaller areas, see volcanoes points layer) Note: blank areas do not necessarily correspond to no occurrence.

Submarine Volcanoes Polygons (250k)
Submarine volcanoes, mapped by various national and regional mapping projects and recovered in the literature. Locally occurrences include their emerged portions. Note: Project is ongoing and the work is in progress; blank areas do not necessarily correspond to no occurrence.

Submerged Forest - points
Submerged forest is defined as the in situ remains of trees (especially tree stumps) that now lie submerged beneath a bay, sea, ocean, lake, or other body of water. Chronological information on method used (e.g. dendrochronology, radiocarbon dating, based on indirect evidence etc.) and age as calendar age BP is included where known. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

Submerged Forest - polygons
Submerged forest is defined as the in situ remains of trees (especially tree stumps) that now lie submerged beneath a bay, sea, ocean, lake, or other body of water. Chronological information on method used (e.g. dendrochronology, radiocarbon dating, based on indirect evidence etc.) and age as calendar age BP is included where known. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

Submerged Landscapes
Sea level is known to have fluctuated by more than 100 metres over repeated glacial cycles resulting in recurring exposure, inundation and migration of coastlines not only across Europe, but worldwide. Landscape response to these changes in sea level, and the preservation of these features on continental shelves around Europe, are an invaluable resource for improving our understanding of human history and environmental change over geological time. More than 10,000 features representing 26 classes of submerged landscape and palaeoenvironmental indicator ranging from mapped and modelled palaeocoastlines, evidence for submerged forests and peats, thickness of post-Last Glacial Maximum sediments and submerged freshwater springs have been collated

Submerged Peat
Submerged accumulation of partially decayed vegetation or organic matter. Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only, 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence

Subsurface infrastructure
Any subsurface installations, which might lead to conflicts with drilling wells and borehole heat exchangers.

Sulfur cycling in subduction zones: Central American arc dataset (NERC Grant NE/T010940/1)
This dataset contains major, trace, and volatile element contents, and sulfur isotope ratio data measured in silicate glasses found in volcanic rocks from the Central American Volcanic Arc. The files have been first published as supplementary data in: Taracsák et al. (2023): Sulfur from the subducted slab dominates the sulfur budget of the mantle wedge under volcanic arcs, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 601:117948 The data is also accessable via the following DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117948

Sulphides - Economically important geochemical messengers from the mantle (NERC Grant NE/L010828/1)
The project is aimed at understanding how a number of economically and geologically important chemical elements partition themselves between the silicates of the outer parts of the Earth and sulphides, minerals and liquids rich in sulphur. Although sulphur is not very abundant in the Earth, it has a powerful impact on the behaviour of a wide range of elements in Earth's crust and underlying mantle. For example, the majority of ore bodies rich in nickel, copper, gold and platinum are sulphides. Many of them are formed when sulphides separate from molten silicates in volcanic areas. A principal aim of my project is to experimentally reproduce the conditions under which sulphides separate and to determine how they extract the economically important elements from the host volcanic rocks. A second aim is to use my experimental results to determine whether or not a large mass of sulphide was extracted from the molten earth early in its history (4500 million years ago) and dissolved into the metallic core. In order to study how elements are distributed into sulphide I perform experiments at high pressures and temperatures, typically 15000 atmospheres pressure and 1400 degrees C in a large hydraulic press. After treatment at high pressure and temperature, the samples (typically about 1x1x1 millimeters) are rapidly cooled to room temperature and pressure and examined using a range of microanalytical techniques. The latter enables me to resolve chemical composition on the scale of 10 microns (or 10 millionth's of a meter).

Sulphur isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Sulphur (S), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Sulphur isotope data for TeaSe Project (NERC grant NE/L001764/1)
Pyrite samples from selected sedimentary organic-rich formations or associated igneous and metamorphic rocks were analysed by conventional S isotopic analysis. Pyrites were measured in order to provide insights into their origin. Light and variable S isotope compositions in pyrite have been used to infer the influence of sulphate-reducing bacteria (and subsequent Se precipitation by sulphate-reducing microbes), whereas heavier S isotope compositions indicate a non-biological origin (i.e. physical and chemical diagenesis).

Sumatra Regional Geochemistry
Regional Geochemical data from drainage basin reconnaissance survey carried out as part of a bilateral aid project between the UK Department for International development (DFID) (formerly ODA) and the Indonesian Government. Some 23,000 stream sediment samples collected and analysed (less than 80 mesh fraction) for Copper, Lead, Zinc, Cobalt, Nickel, Manganese, Silver, Arsenic, Molybdenum, Tin and Tungsten (partial extraction) and Lithium, Potassium, Chromium and Iron (total extraction). Samples collected and classified on the basis of 1:250 000 map quadrangle areas. Data gathering completed in two phases: First phase: North of the equator (North Sumatra Project, NSP). Second phase: South of the equator (Southern Sumatra Geological and mineral exploration Project). Sampling and analytical methodology has been consistent throughout. All data is available as on the Sumatra CD-database CD-ROM. North of the equator data published as 1:250 000 single element classified symbol plots and as a monochrome geochemical atlas. South of the equator data published as 1:250 000 single element proportional symbol plots and a geochemical atlas (hardcopy and CD-ROM). Projects also involved regional geological mapping and in Southern Sumatra regional geophysics (gravity). Raw data can be obtained from the Directorate of Mineral Resources, Bandung, Indonesia.

Superficial Aquifer Productivity Scotland version 1
The dataset describes the potential of superficial deposit aquifers across Scotland to sustain various levels of borehole water supply, based on four productivity classes: high; moderate to high; moderate; and a category to signify that a deposit is 'not a significant aquifer'. All superficial deposits aquifers in Scotland are assumed to have primarily intergranular groundwater flow. The dataset is a tool to indicate the location and productivity of superficial deposit aquifers across Scotland. It may have several uses, including in policy analysis and development; to prioritise aquifer and site investigations; to inform planning decisions; and to improve awareness of groundwater in general. The complexity and heterogeneity of geological formations means that the dataset is only a guide. It is designed to be used at a scale of 1:100,000, and not to assess aquifer conditions at a single point. Latest version : Superficial Aquifer Productivity Scotland version 2

Superficial Aquifer Productivity Scotland version 2
The Superficial Aquifer Productivity Scotland dataset forms part of the BGS Hydrogeological Maps of Scotland data product. This product is comprised of three datasets: Bedrock Aquifer Productivity Scotland; Superficial Aquifer Productivity Scotland; and Groundwater Vulnerability Scotland. Aquifer productivity is a measure of the potential of aquifers to sustain a borehole water supply. The Superficial Aquifer Productivity Scotland dataset version 2 (2015) indicates the location and productivity of superficial aquifers across Scotland, and their groundwater flow characteristics. Developed as a tool to support groundwater resource management, the dataset provides a guide to aquifer characteristics at a regional scale, and may be useful to anyone interested in learning more about, assessing or managing groundwater resources across Scotland. The dataset is delivered at 1: 100 000 scale; the resolution of the dataset being 50 m and the smallest detectable feature 100 m.

Superficial Deposit Thickness dataset (1km Hex-Grid)
This dataset shows the variation of the thickness of Superficial (Quaternary age) deposits across Great Britain. The data are presented as a vector map of interlocking hexagon cells (side length 1km, area c.2.6 Km2) covering the landmass of Great Britain as a regular grid. Each hexagon cell is attributed with a series of statistics about the thickness of the underlying Quaternary units (e.g. average); additional information relating to the thickness models and the coverage of underpinning data is provided. The data is all derived by spatially summarising the information originally created for the high-resolution Superficial Deposit Thickness Model (a 50m cell size raster model of thickness, first published in 2010).

Superficial Deposits Thickness Models, SDTM
A series of tiled models of superficial thickness covering the UK. The models are derived by direct modelling (natural neighbour interpolation) of BGS Borehole records and BGS Digmap. For the purposes of modelling, superficial deposits include sediments deposited during the Quaternary, subsequent Holocene rivers and coastal systems and also modern anthropogenic material. i.e. deposits that are less than 2.6 million years old. Grids are overprinted with a minimum value so that areas where no bore data is present, but drift is known to occur are given a minimum 1.5m thickness. The superficial thickness models have been created as baseline datasets for the BGS Geohazard programme. They represent the first attempt by BGS to create nationwide models of such data and the models provide only a simple, mathematical interpretation of reality. The complexity of Superficial deposits in Great Britain is such that it is only possible to model indicative values of thickness and elevation. The models should never be used as a substitute for thorough site investigation.

Superficial Geology of Finland 1:1M
The map of Quaternary deposits of Finland at 1:1 000 000 scale depicts the main features of the Quaternary geology of Finland. The dataset consists of areas defined according to deposit type and genesis.

Superficial Geology of The Netherlands
This map shows the sediments close to the surface (or sea bottom), down to a depth of about 5 meters. This map is based on existing maps of the former Rijks Geologische Dienst and, where necessary, supplemented by unpublished data. The sediments are classified according to the new lithostratigraphical legend used by TNO since 1997. This classification is based on lithological and seismological properties, and on stratigraphic position and origin.
The age of the sediments is not taken into account in this classification.

Supplemental data for 'Pore network model predictions of Darcy-scale multiphase flow heterogeneity validated by experiments'
Grant: ACT ELEGANCY, Project No 271498. This repository includes CMG simulation input and output files, processed micro-CT data, figure 3 data and plot, pore network modeling sensitivity examples

Supplemental data for 'Pore network model predictions of Darcy-scale multiphase flow heterogeneity validated by experiments'
Grant: ACT ELEGANCY, Project No 271498. This repository includes CMG simulation input and output files, processed micro-CT data, and pore network modelling sensitivity examples. CMG simulation, Matlab image and data processing

Supporting data for 'DFENS: Diffusion chronometry using Finite Elements and Nested Sampling' (NERC Grant NE/L002507/1)
This is supporting data for the manuscript entitled 'DFENS: Diffusion chronometry using Finite Elements and Nested Sampling' by E. J. F. Mutch, J. Maclennan, O. Shorttle, J. F. Rudge and D. Neave. Preprint here: https://doi.org/10.1002/essoar.10503709.1 Data Set S1. ds01.csv Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) profile data of olivine crystals used in this study. Standard deviations are averaged values of standard deviations from counting statistics and repeat measurements of secondary standards. Data Set S2. ds02.csv Plagioclase compositional profiles used in this study, including SIMS, EPMA and step scan data. Standard deviations for EPMA analyses are averaged values of standard deviations from counting statistics and repeat measurements of secondary standards. Standard deviations for SIMS and step scan analyses are based on analytical precision of secondary standards. Data Set S3. ds03.csv Angles between the EPMA profile and the main olivine crystallographic axes measured by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). 'angle100X' is the angle between the [100] crystallographic axis and the x direction of the EBSD map, 'angle100Y' is the angle between [100] crystallographic axis and the y direction of the EBSD map, and 'angle100Z' is the angle between the [100] crystallographic axis and the z direction in the EBSD map etc. 'angle100P' is the angle between the EPMA profile and the [100] crystallographic axis, 'angle010P' is the angle between the EPMA profile and the [010] crystallographic axis, and 'angle100P' is the angle between the EPMA profile and the [001] crystallographic axis. All angles are in degrees. Data Set S4. ds04.csv Median timescales and 1 sigma errors from the olivine crystals of this study. The +1 sigma (days) is the quantile value calculated at 0.841 (i.e. 0.5 + (0.6826 / 2)). The -1 sigma (days) is therefore the quantile calculated at approximately 0.158 (which is 1 - 0.841). The 2 sigma is basically the same but it is 0.5 + (0.95/2). The value quoted as the +1 sigma (error) is the difference between the upper 1 sigma quantile and the median. Likewise the -1 sigma (error) is the difference between the median and the lower 1 sigma quantile. Data Set S5. ds05.xlsx Median timescales and 1 sigma errors from the plagioclase crystals of this study. Results from each of the parameterisations of the Mg-in-plagioclase diffusion data are included: Faak et al, (2013), Van Orman et al., (2014) and a combined expression. Data Set S6. ds06.xlsx Spreadsheet containing the regression parameters and covariance matrices used in this study and in Mutch et al. (2019). Additional versions of the olivine regressions where the ln fO2 is expressed in Pa have been made for completeness. We recommend using the versions where ln fO2 is expressed in its native form (bars).

Supporting data for the paper 'Small-scale capillary heterogeneity linked to rapid plume migration during CO2 storage' by S.J. Jackson and S. Krevor 2020 (NERC Grant NE/N016173/1)
Herein lies the supporting data for the paper 'Small-scale capillary heterogeneity linked to rapid plume migration during CO2 storage'. We supply experimental, analytical and numerical simulation data used in the paper. The supplied zipped folders follow the same order as the main paper, with codes to reproduce each figure (and those in the supporting information PDF). There are also video files (in the 5_Field_scale_simulation zipped folder) showing the final CO2 plume evolution from the static images in the main paper Figure 4. Descriptions of each of the folders are given below: 0 - README. This contains detailed instructions on the data and using the supplied files. 1 - Scaling analysis. This contains the scaling analysis analytical methods, with figure generation for Figure 1 in the main paper. 2 - Petrophysics. This contains all the petrophysical experimental data, analysis files and core flood simulation files. This is used to produce Figure 2 in the main paper. 3 - Fine_resolution_simulations. This contains the simulation files, Matlab post processing files and figure generation for the fine resolution simulations, presented in Figure 3 in the main paper. 4 - MIP_upscaling. This contains simulations files, Matlab post processing files and figure generation for the macroscopic invasion percolation scheme. The results of this are presented in the supporting information document. 5 - Field_scale_simulation. This contains the simulations files, Matlab post processing files and figure generation for the final field scale simulations in the main manuscript Figure 4 and in the supporting information. In each folder are separate READMEs containing specific information relevant for the included files.

Supporting data from publication: Data from: Hill et al. 2019 Evolution of jaw disparity in fishes (NERC grant NE/P013090/1)
Supporting data from paper: Hill et al. 2019 Evolution of jaw disparity in fishes. Palaeontology 61: 847-854. The data consists of two files: (1) an Excel spreadsheet listing the taxa used in the study, specimen number, clade, age; (2) a Word document outlining the data collection and analysis procedure used in the study.

Surface and Meteorological Data at Huab River Valley, Skeleton Coast National Park, Namibia in September 2019 (NERC grant NE/R010196/1)
Wind, sediment transport and surface/saltation data collected at Huab River Valley during a field campaign in September 2019 to investigate saltation on gravel and sand surfaces. Surface/saltation data: This is terrestrial laser scanned (TLS) data collected over sand and gravel surfaces during multiple days when saltation was active, on a surface approximately 8 m from the TLS, perpendicular to the wind direction. The data is raw point cloud format in text columns of x, y and z coordinate data. Files are named *_^_scan& where * is the date that the data was collected in yymmdd format, ^ is surface type (sand or gravel) and & is the scan number. Each data set uses the same coordinate system. Data can be viewed in any spatial software. Wind and sediment data were collected from a fixed point on each surface, directly downwind of the TLS data. The data is in csv file format with column titles and can be viewed in any text or database software. Data include hot wire measurements at different heights, Wenglor counts, sensit counts and 3D sonic measurements on some days. Sonic data is at 10 Hz, hotwire data at 10 second intervals, transport data is given within both datasets.

Surface and Meteorological Data at Medano Creek, Great Sand Dunes National Park, Colorado, USA on 15th April 2019 (NERC grant NE/R010196/1)
Wind and surface morphological data collected at Medano Creek on the 15th April 2019 to investigate protodune initiation. Surface morphological data: This is terrestrial laser scanned (TLS) data collected of the creek sand surface using three different co-located Leica TLS (C10, P20 and P50). The data is raw point cloud format in text columns of x, y and z coordinate data. It has been orientation into the same local coordinate system. Each data set uses the same coordinate system. Data can be viewed in any spatial software. Data is labelled using C10, P20 or P50, followed by the scan number. Scan times are indicated in a seperate file. Wind data were collected from a fixed point next to the TLS instruments using a Gill 3D sonic anemometer. The data is in csv file format with column titles and can be viewed in any text or database software.

Surface and Meteorological Data at Sand Creek, Great Sand Dunes National Park, Colorado, USA in March and April 2019 (NERC Grant NE/R010196/1)
Wind, sediment transport and surface morphological data collected at Sand Creek during a month long field campaign in March and April 2019 to investigate protodune development under bimodal winds. Data is used in the accepted paper ‘Dune initiation in a bimodal wind regime’, Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, by Delorme, P., Wiggs, G.F.S., Baddock, M.C., Claudin, P., Nield, J.M. and Valdez, A. (accepted 18th September 2020, article reference number 2020JF005757R; Surface morphological data: This is terrestrial laser scanned (TLS) data collected of the creek sand surface during multiple visits. The data is raw point cloud format in text columns of x, y and z coordinate data. It has been orientation in local format (the origin is located at 13UTM 443152, 4184478). *_full_lowres cover the whole creek surface and the banks on either side. * is the date that the data was collected in yymmdd format. All other data is high resolution section of the actual creek surface within the channel. Each data set uses the same coordinate system. Data can be viewed in any spatial software. Wind and sediment data were collected from a fixed point on the eastern edge of the creek channel. The data is in csv file format with column titles and can be viewed in any text or database software. See Delorme et al. (accepted) for more details.

Surface and Meteorological Data of Protodune Dynamics at Brancaster Beach, UK on 12th August 2016 (NERC Grant NE/R010196/1)
This dataset includes raw point cloud data from repeat terrestrial laser scans (TLS) for a field of protodunes that developed on Brancaster Beach over a three hour period. As well as the TLS data, additional measurements of the wind speed through a 2D sonic and sediment transport on the beach and over a study protodune were collected using Wenglor fork sensors. Details on some of the methods can be found in Baddock et al. (2017; DOI: 10.1002/esp.4242). Grain size of sand on the protodune in 2016 is also included along with grain size data of saltating grains at the same site in 2019 collected using Bagnold traps.

Surface and Meteorological Data of Protodune Dynamics at Helga's Interdune Area, Gobabeb, Namib Desert, Namibia on 13th September 2022 (NERC Grant NE/R010196/1)
This dataset includes raw point cloud data from repeat terrestrial laser scans (TLS) for a field of protodunes that initiated and developed on a desert gravel interdune surface close to Helga's dune at Gobabeb, Namibia. As well as the TLS data, additional measurements of the wind speed through a CSAT 3D sonic anemometer and sediment transport using a Sensit.

Surface and Meteorological Data of Ripple and Saltation Dynamics at Medano Creek Area, Great Sand Dunes National Park, Colorado, USA on 5-11th April 2022 (NERC Grant NE/R010196/1)
This dataset includes raw point cloud data from repeat terrestrial laser scans (TLS) for dry rippled and moist sandy surfaces in the Medano Creek area at Great Sand Dunes National Park, Colorado, USA. As well as the TLS data, additional measurements of the wind speed through a CSAT 3D sonic anemometer and sediment transport using a Sensit and Wenglor fork sensors.

Surface and Meteorological Data of Saltation and Ripple Dynamics at Huab Dune Field, Skeleton Coast National Park, Namibia 2014, 2016 and 2018
This dataset includes raw point cloud data from repeat terrestrial laser scans (TLS) of rippled surfaces on barchan and dome dunes within the Huab Dune Field, Skeleton Coast National Park, Namibia. This raw data can be used to extract saltation height dynamics as well as 3D ripple data including celerity. As well as the TLS data, additional measurements of the wind speed through a CSAT 3D sonic anemometer or cup anemometer and sediment transport using a Sensit and Wenglor gate sensor.

Surface data from SAFIRE drill site, Store Glacier, Greenland (NERC grant NE/K006126/1)
2014 and 2016 time series of automatic weather station (AWS) data (Dataset 1) and (ii) GPS data (Dataset 2) at the location of the SAFIRE research project, Store Glacier, Greenland.

Surface Geology of Denmark 1:25.000
This digital soil map shows the geology 1 meter below surface, just beneath ploughing- and culture layers. The map is digitized from redrafted maps originating from fieldwork, where soil samples are collected using a charting spear in a 100 m grid throughout the country. This map is a result of systematic geological mapping, and is an ongoing effort.
This version 4.0 from 2015 classifies 88 % of Denmark's area. The legend shows 82 different soil types. The map is used for research, in relation to environmental analysis and planning of construction works, and as a basis for soil quality maps.
The map is published in GEUS report 2015/30,
where further information can be found.

Surface Geology of Estonia 1:1 000 000
The dataset has been created by combining, generalizing and vectorizing information from maps of bedrock and Quaternary sediments of at 1:200 000 and 1:50 000 scales. The areas depicted on the map correspond in age, genetic type and lithological composition to the sediments and rocks lying directly under the topsoil layer. In other words, the map shows the distribution and composition of Quaternary sediments, including small alvar areas with bedrock outcrops.

Surface Geology of Finland 1:1M
The dataset incorporating information about the surface geology of Finland is a seamless presentation of the surface geology depicting the distribution of both Quaternary and Pre-Quaternary deposits. Soil cover is omitted. The bedrock outcrops in the map of Superficial Geology at a scale of 1:1M are replaced by data from the Bedrock Map of Finland at a scale of 1:1M.

Surface Geology of Ireland 1:1Million
The dataset for the Surface Geology of Ireland at a scale of 1:1M was created by generalizing Quaternary mapping at a scale of 1:50 000 published by the GSI and incorporating information from 1:70 000 scale digital mapping of the subsoil by Teagasc.

Surface Gology of Hungary at 1:1000 000 scale (INSPIRE download service WFS 2.0)
This service is an INSPIRE download WFS service, providing surface geological data at 1:1000 000 scale. GeoServer software is used to provide this WFS service. This service is delivering MappedFeatures specified by GeologicUnits, the geological history of which is recorded by GeologicEvents.

Surface charge and growth of sulphate and carbonate green rust in aqueous media, paper and associated data (NERC grant NE/I005862/1)
Paper, Surface charge and growth of sulphate and carbonate green rust in aqueous media, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta and associated data. NERC grant: Re-inventing the planet: The Neoproterozoic revolution in oxygenation, biogeochemistry and biological complexity

Survey on mine-water geothermal in Poland
The study in three coal mining regions: Lower Silesia, Upper Silesia and Lublin (each N=500) was conducted using Computer Assisted Web Interview (CAWI). The questionnaire includes the block of questions concerning mine water awareness, climate change and local/place attachment. The survey online took 15 to 20 minutes and was prepared after in-depth pilot research among participants with different education level from the mining regions. We used the uninformed approach to the survey, so there were no additional questions nor requirements for participants prior to the survey. Since the mine water energy extraction is a technical issue that is neither well known nor commonly used in the narratives of Poles, we tested survey questions with pilot cognitive interviews to remove the technical language and reduce the number of replies without understanding. The interviews were conducted with 10 participants in July 2020 and due to the pilot's recommendations and results, we implemented additional changes in the final version of the questionnaire. Specifically, some questions were simplified and the background information on mine water extraction was simplified and shortened The survey CAWI was completed by adult people aged 18-65 (N=1500) between 14-19 August 2020 by Kantar Research Agency. The sample was constructed using KANTAR’s internet panel profiled for the basic demographics, such as gender, age, and the town size. Particular attention paid to the quality of the panel is reflected in its structure. Kantar’s internet panel reflects the profile of the Polish population of Internet users in terms of its participants’ demographic characteristics. The sample from each region was 500 respondents and among the full sample (N=1500) we reached only 192 people who chose to call “mining areas” as best description of the area where they live. Although the three voivodships were chosen due to its mining industry the selected sample covers the region in general in which mining communities are statically not fully represented. We also asked about the subjective perception of the area respondents live in, which we further analysed with spatial distribution. The dataset was created within SECURe project (Subsurface Evaluation of CCS and Unconventional Risks) - https://www.securegeoenergy.eu/. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 764531

Susceptibility
Likelihood of occurrence (below seafloor) of marine hydrates in the sediment column, and subsequently the likelihood of them being affected by dissociation processes resulting from natural or human-induced activities (liquefaction, explosions, collapse, crater-like depressions or submarine landslides). Reference: https://doi.org/10.3390/app11062865

Susceptibility, hysteresis, coercivity, isothermal remanent magnetisation and thermomagnetic curve Rock Magnetic data measured at University of Liverpool (NERC Grant NE/P00170X/1)
Rock magnetic data corresponding to demagnetisation (LIV_DEMAG) and paleointensity (LIV_PI) data submitted as part of this grant. This data is divided into two subfolders, "Kappabridge" and "VFTB", corresponding to the instrument used to acquire the data. Those folders each contain one or more folders labelled with a four letter code, corresponding to a specific locality and/or experiment type, matching the letter codes in LIV_DEMAG and LIV_PI. The Kappabridge folders then contain raw data files of temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility, and the VFTB folders contain raw data files of hysteresis, coercivity, isothermal remanent magnetisation and thermomagnetic curve measurements. CFEH corresponds to clinker samples from USA attempting to isolate an Epsilon Hematite phase. LPRM are data from Kinghorn and Wormit Bay volcanics in Scotland, ~330 Ma, specifically for samples given a lab TRM at 80uT and a PRM at 80uT. WTBY are Devonian volcanics from Wormit Bay, sampled in 2015. YDSR are data from Yandiniling Dike Swarm, Yilgarn Craton in Australia, sampled Nov 2018.

Synthetic and experimental friction data processed with steadystate.m
This dataset contains raw data from synthetic and experimental velocity steps analyzed using the MATLAB routine ‘steadystate.m’, as presented by Giacomel, P., Faulkner, D.R., Lambert, V., Allen, M.J (2024): ‘steadystate: A MATLAB-based routine for determining steady-state friction conditions in the framework of rate- and state- friction analysis’ – GSA, Geosphere. The data is provided in .zip folder containing the Velocity Steps and the outputs from steadystate.m, along with the scripts used to generate the figures shown in the Manuscript and Supplementary Material. The folder ‘Velocity_Steps’ notably contains the complete suite of mechanical data (subfolder ‘Mechanical_Data), the modelled rate- and state- friction parameters (subfolder ‘Modelled_RSF_Parameters SlipLaw’) obtained by assuming steady state at different displacements, as well as the linear detrended end members (i.e., at short to large displacements) fitted via inverse modelling (subfolder ‘Detrended_Velocity_Steps + Fit-Inversions’). Such observations were foundational for the development of the steadystate.m routine. Each subfolder is accompanied by a README.txt file that reports on the link between the raw .txt data with the MATLAB scripts generating the associated figures. For the sepiolite fault gouge used during the friction velocity steps, please refer to: Sánchez-Roa, C., Jiménez-Millán, J., Abad, I., Faulkner, D. R., Nieto, F., and García-Tortosa, F. J., 2016, Fibrous clay mineral authigenesis induced by fluid-rock interaction in the Galera fault zone (Betic Cordillera, SE Spain) and its influence on fault gouge frictional properties: Applied Clay Science, v. 134, p. 275-288.

Synthetic seismic waveforms of Ultra-Low Velocity Zone Earthmodels (NERC grant NE/H022473/1)
Dataset contains 3D synthetic seismic waveforms for axisymmetric global Earth velocity models. The waveforms were calculated using the finite difference approach with the PSVAxi algorithm (Jahnke, G et al., 2008. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2008.03744.x). The Earthmodels are 1D and use PREM parameters except close to the core-mantle boundary (CMB) where 3D ultra-low velocity zones (ULVZs) are added to the PREM background model. ULVZ are thin layers of strongly reduced seismic velocities located at the CMB that have been observed in several regions of the Earth. The dataset models interaction of the seismic wavefield with ULVZ structure with varying elastic parameters (P-wave, S-wave velocity, density), location (location at source or receiver side along the great circle path), ULVZ length, shape (box, Gaussian, trapezoid) and height. Detailed description of the approach and the model space are given in Vanacore et al, (2016). Data format is SAC (Seismic Analysis Code). Vanacore, E.A., Rost, S., Thorne, M.S., 2016. Ultralow-velocity zone geometries resolved by multidimensional waveform modelling. Geophys. J. Int. 206, 659–674. doi:10.1093/gji/ggw114

Synthetic waveforms from splitting study (NERC grant NE/K005669/1)
Synthetic seismic waveforms computed using the spectral element method for 1-D and 3-D Earth models for a variety of scenarios of structures in the deep Earth's interior.

System of management and protection of mineral resources in Poland MIDAS
The database containing information on mineral and energy resources of Poland and the exploitation of deposits. It provides access to information on: - deposits (deposits details, data on raw material, deposits resources and output); - mining areas and mining countries as well as related concessions; - mineral resources management (domestic export and import of ra materials, world production, demand, export and import of selected raw materials); - deposits location on the map of Poland.

t-Group viruses groundwater urban poor settlements Sub-Sahara Africa (NERC Grant NE/M008045/1)
In this study data were collected from viruses in groundwater from urban poor settlements in Arusha, Tanzania, Dodowa (Accra), Ghana, and Kampala, Uganda. The published Open Access paper can be viewed here https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsestwater.0c00306

T - Topography (DRASTIC)
The aquifer media layer is created by calculation of the slope value from the national topographic data. S values were classified into DRASTIC S values from 1-10. Due the generally flat topography, the majority of the catchment is assigned the higher ‘T’-values.

T - Topography (DRASTIC)
The topography layer is created by calculation of the slope value from the national topographic data. S values were classified into DRASTIC S values from 1-10. Due the generally flat topography, the majority of the catchment is assigned the higher ‘T’-values.

T - Topography/slope (DRASTIC)
T layer represents topographical information, where calculation of the slope was effectuated and represented in rasterfile, reclassified into T index values.

T - Topography/slope (DRASTIC)
T layer represents topographical information, where calculation of the slope was effectuated and represented in rasterfile, reclassified into T index values. The highest values correspond to low slope areas (alluvial aquifers) and the highest values correspond to steepest areas in mountains.

factor T of DRASTIC groundwater vulnerability of Traun-Enns-Platte/AUSTRIA

Topography/slope, for Sarmatian aquifer in Dobrogea de Sud, Romania

TACTIC groundwater, Pilot study areas WP3
Assessments of climate change impacts on groundwater and associated surface water conditions at the pilot scale.

Tantalum CBA favourability map of Europe
Cell based associations (CBA) prospectivity map for tantalum in Europe.

Tantalum isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Tantalum (Ta), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Tantalum metallogenic map of Europe
Overview map showing the approximate extent of the key Tantalum metallogenic areas in Europe.

Tarmac Marine Geophysical Records from Aggregate Industry Surveys (1989 - 2004)
Scanned geophysical records, reports and track charts from Tarmac (previously Lafarge Tarmac) aggregate industry marine surveys 1989 to 2004. The geophysical records include boomer seismic and side scan sonar data of varying quality. All records from 44 boxes of paper records have been scanned at BGS and are delivered online along with any additional digital file such as reports or data files. The data are stored as part of the National Geoscience Data Centre (NGDC) and the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics.

Tasiilaq hydrothermal graphite, nitrogen content (NERC Grant NE/V010824/1)
Measurements of the nitrogen content of hydrothermal graphite deposits and associated silicate rocks. The samples are of Paleoproterozoic age and allow constraining the behavior of nitrogen in abiotic hydrothermal graphite-forming systems. The results provide context for evaluating the biogenicity of Eoarchean graphite. More details are presented in Stüeken, E.E., Szilas, K. and van Hinsberg, V.J., 2023, Chemical Geology, 617, p.121274.

Teaching Pack of Digital Geological Data (GeoScholar)
GeoScholar is a set of free geological data - available in GIS format - for UK universities and the higher education sector, to support teaching and learning within the geosciences. The dataset includes digital geological map data from BGS, aerial photos from Infoterra, NEXTmap digital terrain model from Intermap Technologies, borehole data and their corresponding logs, several BGS geological map sheets. Each Geoscholar teaching package will include 12 different geographical regions, including Assynt, Coniston and South West Wales.

Tectonic boundaries in Albania
Faults in Albania, visualized in the Geological Map, at a scale of 1: 200 000. Explanatory text of the Geological Map at a scale of 1: 200 000.

Tectonic boundaries in Austria
Faults, shearzones and nappe boundaries in Austria as they appear in the GeoERA HIKE European fault data base

Tectonic boundaries in Bavaria
Inventory of principal faults, shear zones, etc. in Bavaria (w/o Alpine domain)

Tectonic boundaries in Belgium
Faults and tectonic boundaries in Belgium at various scales.

Tectonic boundaries in Brandenburg
Inventory of faults and tectonic boundaries in Brandenburg at regional scale (approx. 1:200.000 - 1:1.000.000)

Tectonic boundaries in Denmark
Inventory of faults and tectonic boundaries in Denmark at various regional scales

Tectonic boundaries in France
French Structural Map at national (1:1.000.000) and regional (1:50.000) scales

Tectonic boundaries in Germany
Inventory of generalized faults and tectonic boundaries such as associated structural regions in Germany, presented at following scales: 1.) German onshore (1: 2.500.000 - 1: 500000), 2.) Baltic Sea (1:1000000 - 1:250000), 3.) Central German North Sea (1:1000000 - 1:100000), 4.) Entenschnabel region - The northwestern German North Sea sector (1:1000000 - 1:50000).

Tectonic boundaries in Iceland
Faults and fissures in Iceland at scale 1:600.000

Tectonic boundaries in Italy
Faults, fault systems, lineaments and tectonic domains in Italy at scale 1.1.000.000; locally faults mapped at more detailed scale (up to 1:25.000) are added.

Tectonic boundaries in Lithuania
Fault domains, subdomains, fault systems, faults, fault chains in Lithuania at scale 1 : 500 000

Tectonic boundaries in Portugal
Faults represented in the Geological Map of Portugal, at 1:1 000 000 scale

Tectonic boundaries in Saxony-Anhalt
Inventory of faults and tectonic boundaries in Saxony-Anhalt at various regional scales

Tectonic boundaries in Slovenia
Faults in Slovenia displayed in the HIKE European fault database.

Tectonic boundaries in the Netherlands
Faults in the Netherlands at national scale

Tectonic boundaries in Ukraine
Faults and nappe boundaries in Ukraine at scale 1:1.000.000

Tectonic Map of Switzerland 1:500,000
The Tectonic Map of Switzerland at 1:500,000 scale depicts the large-scale structural and tectonic units which enable a better understanding of the geological makeup of the Alps.

Tectonic Map of the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands scale 1:1.000.000
The Tectonic Map of the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands has been made according to the guidelines given by the elaboration of the International Tectonic Map of Europe in the 1960s. The principles of representation adopted in this map have a double purpose: to differentiate the major structural elements of the earth's crust, and to record the earth's dynamics in the past. Map of the geographical distribution of the large structural units of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands classified into two large groups: platform areas and orogens, from which three units have been derived: Hercynian Mountains, Alpine Mountains and Platform, Mesozoic and Tertiary areas. The cartographic units represented have been delimited based on their temporal relationships with the age of deformation, in the case of the Cordilleras. The structural relations between the units are reflected by the trace of the large folding structures and the faults. The different degrees of metamorphism to which the different rock groups have been subjected are also included.

Tellurium and Selenium Project - Colorado Data (NERC Grant NE/M010848/1)
Whole rock and microanalytical geochemistry data from rocks collected from the Colorado Mineral Belt, Thirtynine Mile volcanic area, Cripple Creek gold deposit (& environs) and other volcanic and intrusive bodies of the Pikes PEak - Gunnison area of Colorado.

Tellurium and Selenium project - Fiji data (NERC Grant NE/M010848/1)
Whole rock and microanalytical geochemistry data from rocks collected from the Colorado Mineral Belt, Thirtynine Mile volcanic area, Cripple Creek gold deposit (& environs) and other volcanic and intrusive bodies of the Pikes PEak - Gunnison area of Colorado

Tellurium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Tellurium (Te), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

TellusSW airborne geophysical data (OGC WxS INSPIRE)
The TellusSW project acquired airborne geophysical data for the counties of Cornwall and parts of Devon and Somerset during the second half of 2013. The maps of the geophysical data and their derivatives are provided to facilitate spatial comparison with, and modelling of, the soil, geological and environmental aspects of the data. The survey comprised a high resolution magnetic/magnetic gradient survey combined with a multichannel (256 channel) radiometric survey. The survey was carried out using 200 m (N-S) line separations at a mean elevation of 91 m. The survey provided 60,323 line-km of data.

Temperature and cooling rate data for a conductively cooling 250km radius planetesimal with and without temperature-dependent material properties (NERC Grant NE/L002574/1)
The data contain the results of model of a conductively cooling planetesimal with a radius of 250 km and a core radius of 125 km. Two data files are included: one for a model run which uses constant values for thermal properties (conductivity, heat capacity, and density) while the second uses temperature-dependent functions for these properties. Further details of the model in Murphy Quinlan et al., (in prep). Four arrays are included in each of the compressed data files: mantle temperature array; core temperature array; mantle cooling-rate array; core cooling-rate array. All arrays are the same size (125 by 126229) and hold data for radii values through time, with a radius-step of 1 km and time-step of 1E11 seconds over a total time period of 400 Myr.

Temperature Maps of the British Coalfields
This dataset provides the first map and synthesis of the temperature of Britain's coalfields. It was created to support low-temperature heat recovery, cooling and storage schemes using mine water in abandoned workings. This baseline spatial mapping and synthesis of coalfield temperatures offers significant benefit to those planning, designing and regulating heat recovery and storage in Britain's abandoned coalfields. The data has been developed jointly by the Coal Authority and the British Geological Survey. It is delivered as a hexgrid representing mine water blocks, identifying equilibrium mine temperatures at 10 depth intervals (100m > 1000m) and pumped mine temperatures at 6 depth intervals (100m > 600m).

Temperatures (°C) at 1000 m below ground level
GeoMol Pilot Area Upper Austria - Upper Bavaria: Map of temperature distribution at 1000 m below ground level and position of major faults and fault zones at this level as well as data nodes for interpolation. Map derived from the 3D geological model and temperature model as prepared in the GeoMol Project. Details in the Project Report http://www.geomol.eu/report/

Temperatures (°C) at 2000 m below ground level
GeoMol Pilot Area Upper Austria - Upper Bavaria: Map of temperature distribution at 2000 m below ground level and position of major faults and fault zones at this level as well as data nodes for interpolation. Map derived from the 3D geological model and temperature model as prepared in the GeoMol Project. Details in the Project Report http://www.geomol.eu/report/

Temperatures (°C) at 3000 m below ground level
GeoMol Pilot Area Upper Austria - Upper Bavaria: Map of temperature distribution at 3000 m below ground level and position of major faults and fault zones at this level as well as data nodes for interpolation. Map derived from the 3D geological model and temperature model as prepared in the GeoMol Project. Details in the Project Report http://www.geomol.eu/report/

Tephra layer summary for Lake Abijata and Lake Langano cores, Ethiopia (NERC grant NE/L013932/1)
Tephra layer summary for Lake Abijata and Lake Langano cores, Ethiopia. Data are referenced in McNamara et al., 2018: Using Lake Sediment Cores to Improve Records of Volcanism at Aluto Volcano in the Main Ethiopian Rift; https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GC007686

Tephra occurrences offshore Japan, collected from shipboard records of IODP, ODP and DSDP sediment cores. (NERC grant NE/I006125/1)
This MS Excel dataset contains tephra depth and age data from ocean drilling expeditions around Japan. IODP, ODP and DSDP shipboard core description records were examined for mentions of volcanic ash, tephra etc., according to criteria described in Mahony et al. 2014. Data are from shipboard visual core descriptions of ocean drilling expeditions located within a few hundred km of Japan. Cores without published age-depth data are not included in this dataset. The expeditions occurred between 1973 (DSDP 31) to 2013 (IODP 346). Tephra layers are dated as being deposited between 0.003-18.5 Ma. This data will be of interest to volcanologists or anyone interested in the location of volcanic ash layers within IODP cores.

Terbium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Terbium (Tb), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Terrace - lines
Terraces are defined as a step-like landform and can be sub-divided thus: 1. Marine (1a: erosional / 1b: depositional); 2. Fluvial (2a: erosional / 2b: depositional); 3. Lacustrine (3a: erosional / 3b: depositional); 4. Other. Further information on genesis of the terrace e.g. Erosional (e.g. wave-cut platform), Depositional (e.g. fluvial margins) is presented if known. Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

Terrace - polygons
Terraces are defined as a step-like landform and can be sub-divided thus: 1. Marine (1a: erosional / 1b: depositional); 2. Fluvial (2a: erosional / 2b: depositional); 3. Lacustrine (3a: erosional / 3b: depositional); 4. Other. Further information on genesis of the terrace e.g. Erosional (e.g. wave-cut platform), Depositional (e.g. fluvial margins) is presented if known. Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

Terrafirma PSI legacy data service (OGC WxS)
This web service provides access to Terrafirma legacy data as WMS and WFS.
Terrafirma is a project that originated within the GMES (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security) Service Element (GSE) programme of the European Space Agency, under the name Geohazard Land Motion (Terrafirma) Services.
MapServer software is used to provide these OGC WMS and WFS services.

Terrain Movements Database (BDMOVES)
Spanish national inventory of land movements. Includes land movements of gravitational geological origin affecting Spanish territory, such as landslide movements: landslides, landslides, flows, etc., vertical movements: subsidies, collapses, expansiveness and underwater landslides. It does not include movements of tectonic origin such as those produced by earthquakes or continental drift or of volcanic origin. BD-MOVES is structured in two blocks or sets of georeferenced spatial information: the one referring to the description of the intrinsic and relatively invariable characteristics of the movement of the terrain and the one referring to the different activity events that produced these movements, including morphometry, triggering factors and damages, among other data.

Terrestrial Laser Scan data (NERC grant NE/P000010/1)
Terrestrial laser scanning data of the slopes above the A83 Rest and Be Thankful collected by a Riegl LMS Z620i instrument in 2016 after Storms Desmond and Frank from 3 positions. These data are scanner centric coordinates which the end-user needs to align and (if required) align into a global coordinate system. Data are in raw format, supplied as .las with scaled intensity included.

Terrestrial Methane Cycling During Paleogene Greenhouse Climates (NERC grant NE/J008591/1)
Supplementary material for published paper, Early Paleogene wildfires in peat-forming environments at Schoningen, Germany by BE Robson et al, http://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.07.016 NERC grant abstract: Human activity has led to an increase in pCO2 and methane levels from pre-industrial times to today. While the former increase is primarily due to fossil fuel burning, the increase in methane concentrations is more complex, reflecting not only direct human activity but also feedback mechanisms in the climate system related to temperature and hydrology-induced changes in methane emissions. To unravel these complex relationships, scientists are increasingly interrogating ancient climate systems. Similarly, one of the major challenges in palaeoclimate research is understanding the role of methane biogeochemistry in governing the climate of ice-free, high-pCO2 greenhouse worlds, such as during the early Paleogene (around 50Ma). The lack of proxies for methane concentrations is problematic, as methane emissions from wetlands are governed by precipitation and temperature, such that they could act as important positive or negative feedbacks on climate. In fact, the only estimates for past methane levels (pCH4) arise from our climate-biogeochemistry simulations wherein GCMs have driven the Sheffield dynamic vegetation model, from which methane fluxes have been derived. These suggest that Paleogene pCH4 could have been almost 6x modern pre-industrial levels, and such values would have had a radiative forcing effect nearly equivalent to a doubling of pCO2, an impact that could have been particularly dramatic during time intervals when CO2 levels were already much higher than today's. Thus, an improved understanding of Paleogene pCH4 is crucial to understanding both how biogeochemical processes operate on a warmer Earth and understanding the climate of this important interval in Earth history. We propose to improve, expand and interrogate those model results using improved soil biogeochemistry algorithms, conducting model sensitivity experiments and comparing our results to proxy records for methane cycling in ancient wetlands. The former will provide a better, process-orientated understanding of biogenic trace gas emissions, particularly the emissions of CH4, NOx and N2O. The sensitivity experiments will focus on varying pCO2 levels and manipulation of atmospheric parameters that dictate cloud formation; together, these experiments will constrain the uncertainty in our trace greenhouse gas estimates. To qualitatively test these models, we will quantify lipid biomarkers and determine their carbon isotopic compositions to estimate the size of past methanogenic and methanotrophic populations, and compare them to modern mires and Holocene peat. The final component of our project will be the determination of how these elevated methane (and other trace gas) concentrations served as a positive feedback on global warming. In combination our work will test the hypothesis that elevated pCO2, continental temperatures and precipitation during the Eocene greenhouse caused increased wetland GHG emissions and atmospheric concentrations with a significant feedback on climate, missing from most modelling studies to date. This work is crucial to our understanding of greenhouse climates but such an integrated approach is not being conducted anywhere else in the world; here, it is being led by international experts in organic geochemistry, climate, vegetation and atmospheric modelling, and palaeobotany and coal petrology. It will represent a major step forward in our understanding of ancient biogeochemical cycles as well as their potential response to future global warming.

Terrestrial palaeo-environmental proxy data of the Upper Pliensbachian, Mochras Borehole sediments, deposited in the Cardigan Bay Basin, Wales (NERC Grant NE/N018508/1)
Terrestrial palaeo-environmental proxy data has been collected to examine orbital changes in wildfire activity in the Early Jurassic of the Mochras Borehole, Cardigan Bay Basin, Wales. To do this a high resolution charcoal abundance dataset was created and quantified in two size fractions, microscopic charcoal (10-125 µ) and macroscopic charcoal (>125 µ). To take potential changes in riverine influx and/or organic preservation in account on the charcoal abundance, palynofacies were analysed to document all terrestrial and marine organic particles present in the samples, and next to this, X-ray fluorescence data was gathered to assess detrital output. Mass spectrometry provided information on the carbonate and Total Organic Carbon content and bulk organic carbon isotopes. This information was used to look at changes in the lithology and the carbon cycle. Finally, clay mineralogical data was obtained to look at changes in the hydrological cycle in relation to wildfire activity. This dataset spans 951-934 mbs from the Mochras borehole, which is the time equivalent of ~350 kyr, in the Margaritatus Zone of the Upper Pliensbachian. The Mochras sediments have been deposited in the Cardigan Bay Basin, Wales. At the time of deposition, this location was positioned in the Laurasian Seaway at a paleolatitude of ~35°N. These datasets were obtained at a high resolution (10 cm) using X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, mass spectrometry and palynological preparations. This high resolution was acquired to analyse the presence of precessional orbital forcing on wildfire and the other proxy datasets. This data was collected, interpreted and analysed by Teuntje Hollaar, Claire Belcher, Stephen Hesselbo, Micha Ruhl, Jean-Franҫois Deconinck, Sarah Jane Baker and Luke Mander. The complete dataset presented in the published article file ‘Wildfire activity enhanced during phases of maximum orbital eccentricity and precessional forcing in the Early Jurassic’ has been included in this data file.

Territory data
WMS service makes accessible collective information on territory for information providing purpose by course of article 27 Act no. 183/2006 Coll. (Building act) from the following GIS layers: mining leases, protected areas of mineral deposits, areas protected against specific impacts in the Earth’s crust, reserved deposits and approved prognostic resources, registered mine workings (old mine workings), undermined areas, landslide areas, and non-reserved mineral deposits.

Tertiary Geological Map
Tertiary geological map of Flanders (Belgium), scale 1/50.000. It is a subcrop map of the Tertiary formations under the Quaternary erosion surface.

TEST: WMS 32 Bit Raster
testing WMS with a 32 Bit GeoTIFF

TEST: WMS 8 Bit Raster
testing WMS with an 8 Bit GeoTIFF

Testing ice sheet models and modelled estimates of Earth's climate sensitivity using Miocene palaeoclimate data (NERC Grant NE/I006427/1)
2 papers and supplementary information produced from NERC Grant NE/I006427/1. Lear, C. H., H. K. Coxall, G. L. Foster, D. J. Lunt, E. M. Mawbey, Y. Rosenthal, S. M. Sosdian, E. Thomas, and P. A. Wilson (2015), Neogene ice volume and ocean temperatures: Insights from infaunal foraminiferal Mg/Ca paleothermometry, Paleoceanography, 30, 1437–1454, doi:10.1002/2015PA002833. Elaine M. Mawbey, Caroline H. Lear; Carbon cycle feedbacks during the Oligocene-Miocene transient glaciation. Geology ; 41 (9): 963–966. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/G34422.1

Testing the control of weathering on CO2 - Evidence from extreme climate events (NERC Grant NE/I020571/2)
Published papers for NERC grant NE/I020571/2. Grant award abstract: How does the Earth's climate recover from events of rapid and extreme global warming or cooling? Why have the huge fluctuations in atmospheric CO2 in the geological past not caused runaway climate effects, making the Earth become Venus- or Mars-like? Silicate weathering of the continents is the main CO2 removal process, and therefore a dominant long-term climate control mechanism. However the debate on what controls silicate weathering, and therefore atmospheric CO2, is still contentious and ongoing. A correct understanding of the controls on weathering, and its link to atmospheric CO2 levels is critical, because 1) it is possible that weathering is the process that has kept Earth's climate in the relatively narrow bounds required for life over the past several hundred million years; 2) it is impossible to decipher the causes and consequences of long-term climate variations through Earth's history without accurate weathering data, which in turn impacts on our understanding of current climate; 3) comprehension of climate systems leads to more accurate modelling of future climate change; 4) rapid global climate change inevitably leads to large mass extinctions. Therefore it is important to unravel the link between extinctions and the Earth's climate systems, including CO2 control. Lithium isotopes have gained much interest over the past few years because large variations in the Li isotope ratio in rivers and clays are caused by silicate weathering processes. Furthermore, unlike tracers of weathering used previously, Li isotopes also respond to the intensity of weathering, and therefore can be linked directly to weathering rates. This is critical, because for the first time is gives us a window into the variation of weathering rates through time, which in turn means we can use the Earth's past climate variations as a natural laboratory. Three of the largest climate fluctuations and mass extinctions in Earth's history will be examined and modelled, primarily using Li isotopes, but also several other tracers, which will serve to reveal information on marine and volcanic conditions at the time. These geological periods (the end-Ordovician glaciation (450 Ma (million years ago)), the Permo-Triassic event (251 Ma) and the Cenomanian-Turonian Ocean Anoxic Event (94 Ma)), represent times when rapid warming or cooling of Earth's climate occurred, resulting in the extinction of up to 90% of life on Earth. Samples from these time periods exist in the form of marine calcium carbonate. This was precipitated (either inorganically, or via various life forms) in the oceans at the time, and provides a record of ocean chemistry, which in turn is directly linked to the atmospheric conditions. Analysing Li isotopes is a complex procedure, and will be undertaken at Oxford University. Collaborations will exist with Prof. Jan Veizer (Ottawa University) and Dr. Christoph Korte (Copenhagen University), who are specialists in the studied time periods, with Prof. Andy Ridgwell (Bristol University), who is an expert climate modeller, and with Prof. David Harper, who is an expert in mass extinctions. By understanding weathering and climatic responses to periods of rapid global warming and cooling we will gain critical information on Earth's climate feedbacks, and on processes that led to the extinction of vast proportions of the biosphere.

Testing the Palaeosol Model of Arsenic Pollution in Groundwater (NERC grant NE/G016879/1)
2 published papers from NERC grant NE/G016879/1. Palaeosol Control of Arsenic Pollution:The Bengal Basin in West Bengal, India by by U. Ghosal, P.K. Sikdar, and J.M. McArthur. Tracing recharge to aquifers beneath an Asian megacity with Cl/Br and stable isotopes: the example of Dhaka, Bangladesh by M. A. Hoque, J. M. McArthur, P. K. Sikdar, J. D. Ball and T. N. Molla (DOI 10.1007/s10040-014-1155-8)

TEX86 sea surface temperature compilation for the Eocene epoch, 56 to 34 million years ago (NERC grant NE/I005714/1)
TEX86 sea surface temperature compilation for the Eocene epoch (56 to 34 million years ago). Also included are other GDGT-based indices which are used to flag potentially problematic SST estimates. The data accompanies Inglis et al. (2015; Palaeoceanography, v.30, p. 1000-1020) DOI: 10.1002/2014PA002723 Sheet 1: The fractional abundance of isoprenoidal GDGTs, TEX86 values and other related indices for new and published Oligocene and Eocene sediments (n.b. the fractional abundance of isoprenoidal GDGTs was unavailable for IODP Site 1356). Values with yellow shading are excluded from the TEX86 compilation used in Fig. 7-9. Values with red text are those with a Red Sea-type GDGT distribution (i.e. GDGTRS >30 %) and may overestimate SST. Sheet 2: Each TEX86H time-series was grouped into low- (<30 degrees) or high-latitude (>55 degrees) bins and translated into a relative temperature (Δ SST) by comparison to the warmest temperature in that time series and fitted with a non-parametric LOESS regression. Sheet 3: Sequential removal of one data series at a time (jackknifing) within the low-latitude compilation. Sheet 4: Same as above but within the high-latitude compilation. Samples were collected from a range of globally-distributed marine sediments. Either collected via DSDP, ODP, IODP or personal sampling expeditions.

Thallium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Thallium (Tl), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

The 1:5 Million International Geological Map of Europe and Adjacent Areas (IGME5000)
The 1:5 Million International Geological Map of Europe and Adjacent Areas shows the pre-Quaternary geology of Europe onshore and offshore. In addition to the geology attributed by age, petrography and genesis, also magnetic anomalies, tectonic structures, metamorphism and – in the offshore areas – information about the continental/oceanic crust and the continental margin, are shown. The map was developed by BGR under the umbrella of the Commission of the Geological Map of the World (CGMW) and in cooperation with geological surveys organisations of 48 countries and more than 20 research institutes. For detailed information about the 'IGME 5000: More than just a map – A multinational GIS Project' please visit the IGME website.

The 1:5 Million International Geological Map of Europe and Adjacent Areas (IGME5000) (WMS)
The 1:5 Million International Geological Map of Europe and Adjacent Areas shows the pre-Quaternary geology of Europe onshore and offshore. In addition to the geology attributed by age, petrography and genesis, also magnetic anomalies, tectonic structures, metamorphism and – in the offshore areas – information about the continental/oceanic crust and the continental margin, are shown. The map was developed by BGR under the umbrella of the Commission of the Geological Map of the World (CGMW) and in cooperation with geological surveys organisations of 48 countries and more than 20 research institutes. For detailed information about the 'IGME 5000: More than just a map – A multinational GIS Project' please visit the IGME website.

The areas and volumes of 12,920 Asia Summer Monsoon (ASM) triggered landslides in Nepal. (NERC Grant NE/L002582/1)
Text file containing the areas (of combined scar, deposition and runnout zones, and estimated scar zones alone) and volumes (for both total and scar areas) of 12,920 Asia Summer Monsoon (ASM) that occurred across central-eastern Nepal in the period 1988 - 2018. Note, landslides were not mapped in the years 2011 and 2012 due to scan line errors in Landsat 7 imagery.

The BGS collection of archived video recordings
The BGS collection of downhole CCTV (Closed Circuit Television) recordings and backup tapes for worldwide SKYLAB satellite imagery. CCTV recordings carried out down boreholes, mainly drilled for water, were undertaken by BGS for specific commercial contracts in Great Britain, and may also have associated geophysical data. The collection started in 1997, and the present holdings are 138 videos, with infrequent additions. Video recordings on other topics may be added.

The BGS Collection Of Large Scale Geological Field Maps.
Manuscript geological maps produced by the Survey geologists or other recognised geologists on County Series (1:10560) and National Grid (1:10560 & 1:10000) Ordnance Survey base maps of Great Britain. A small number are produced at larger scale. Similar maps compiled from other sources. Maps produced since the 1850's, current holdings over 35,000 maps, all now scanned and available internally as image files.

The BGS collection of mine plans.
The dataset comprises plans of various types relating to mining activity, including abandonment plans, gathered since the 1800s. Most were collected as part of the BGS mapping programme and the type and amount of data available will vary considerably. The coverage for Northern England and Scotland is more comprehensive than for the rest of the country. The plans include working copies, compilations and interpretations which may be copyright or confidential. The general nature of some of the plans means that they may not be applicable to a specific site. Current holdings over 60,000.

The BGS Edinburgh Palaeontological Slides Collection.
PALSLIDES_ED is the BGS Edinburgh Palaeontological Slides Collection. It comprises two registration series. The MIC (microfossils) series, which is added to sporadically, includes c.950 individually registered slides (each with up to 100 cells) of microfossils (mainly foraminifera and ostracods). The PS (Palaeontological thin Sections) registration series, which has not been added to since 1987, comprises 4202 fossil thin sections and mounted slides, and includes various donated collections. Both the MIC register (10 volumes) and PS register (2 volumes) record the locality of each slide and any previous registration numbers. Stratigraphic information may also be given. Taxonomic information is not complete. There is, at present, no separate index (either analogue or digital) to the dataset, but it is included in FOSSLOC4. GSE_SPECIMENS and SMITH_GSE include those slides and thin sections transferred to the Type and Stratigraphical Collection from the Survey and John Smith collections.

The BGS Large Scale Geological Map Collection.
Geological map 'Standards', manuscript and published maps of Great Britain produced by the Survey on County Series (1:10560) and National Grid (1:10560 & 1:10000) Ordnance Survey base maps. Maps produced since the 1860's, current holdings over 41,000 maps, all now available internally as image files.

The BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units (April 2019)
The Lexicon of Named Rock Units provides definitions of lithostratigraphic, lithodemic, and litho-morpho-genetic geological units of the United Kingdom and its associated continental shelf. The Lexicon focuses mainly on units of Member, Formation, Group and higher rank (and equivalents) but it also includes information on some units of lesser rank, notably economically important coal seams and laterally extensive marine bands. It includes superficial and bedrock units. It includes synonyms and other names not currently recognised by the BGS or regarded as obsolete. Full Lexicon entries include geological unit name, a persistent unique identifier, map code, currency, rank, parent unit and rank, age, lithology, definitions of boundaries, thickness, previous and alternative names, geographical extent, type localities, and bibliographical references. This dataset is a snapshot of the live database taken on the 30th April 2019.

The BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units (September 2017)
The Lexicon of Named Rock Units provides definitions of lithostratigraphic, lithodemic, and litho-morpho-genetic geological units of the United Kingdom and its associated continental shelf. The Lexicon focuses mainly on units of Member, Formation, Group and higher rank (and equivalents) but it also includes information on some units of lesser rank, notably economically important coal seams and laterally extensive marine bands. It includes superficial and bedrock units. It includes synonyms and other names not currently recognised by the BGS or regarded as obsolete. Full Lexicon entries include geological unit name, a persistent unique identifier, map code, currency, rank, parent unit and rank, age, lithology, definitions of boundaries, thickness, previous and alternative names, geographical extent, type localities, and bibliographical references. This dataset is a snapshot of the live database taken on the 14th September 2017.

The BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units.
The Lexicon of Named Rock Units provides definitions of lithostratigraphic, lithodemic, and litho-morpho-genetic geological units of the United Kingdom and its associated continental shelf. The Lexicon focuses mainly on units of Member, Formation, Group and higher rank (and equivalents) but it also includes information on some units of lesser rank, notably economically important coal seams and laterally extensive marine bands. It includes superficial and bedrock units. It includes synonyms and other names not currently recognised by the BGS or regarded as obsolete. Full Lexicon entries include geological unit name, a persistent unique identifier, map code, currency, rank, parent unit and rank, age, lithology, definitions of boundaries, thickness, previous and alternative names, geographical extent, type localities, and bibliographical references.

The BGS Rock Classification Scheme
The BGS Rock Classification Scheme (RCS) is a comprehensive classification scheme for all types of rocks and unconsolidated sediments worldwide. It is intended to be used for classification of single rock samples and can be used without any knowledge of field relationships. It has been designed for use by people with a wide range of geological knowledge; from experienced professional geologists to technicians and drillers. It also allows names to be assigned according to the level of information about the sample. The system if hierarchical, ranging from very simple names such as igneous rock to highly detailed names such as mugearite, that can only be applied after chemical analysis. Rock names can consist of a root name e.g. granite and several qualifiers that impart more information e.g. grey-biotite-bearing granite. The classification scheme has been implemented as a hierarchical dictionary of codes for all rock types. The classification scheme is described in BGS Research Reports 99-02, 99-03, 99-06. The BGS Rock Classification Scheme was devised between 1993 and 1996 in response to a need from the Digital Map Production System project.

The BGS UK (North) Biostratigraphical Collection Of Graphic Logs
Stored in Murchison House, this dataset (FAUNGRAPHLOG_ED) is the BGS UK (North) collection of paper graphic logs from boreholes and measured natural sections, particularly in the Carboniferous of Scotland and northern England. Some 18000 of these records include hand written macrofossil occurrences and assemblages from certain (often subsequently interpreted) stratigraphical levels in the borehole or section. There is at present no separate index (either analogue or digital) to FAUNGRAPHLOG_ED but a pathway to it is FOSSLOC, the index to the Survey Collection of fossils from UK (North).

The descent into the icehouse (NERC grant NE/I005714/1)
A set of climatological annual and monthly sea surface temperature and 1.5m air temperature for the Eocene Epoch as run in HadCM3L. The data also relates to NERC Grant NE/I006281/1

The effect of clay content on the dilatancy and frictional properties of fault gouge (NERC Grant NE/L002469/1)
This information details the method of calculating dilatancy from pore volumometry measurements. In the velocity step tests, an initial shear enhanced compaction phase drastically reduces the sample pore volume until the sample yields. After the sample yields, the pore volume continues to decrease but at a lower rate of decrease. The imposed velocity steps cause compaction or dilation of the sample material that is superimposed on this overall compaction trend. Pore pressure is held at a set point in all tests and any volume changes in the control system are assumed to correspond directly to changes in pore volume in the sample. The method here is aimed at producing quantitative, reproducible values for dilatancy from experimental data. The script fits a polynomial function to all the volume data to give the overall trend of the shear enhanced compaction. The data position of the start of the velocity step of interest is entered manually into the function. When dilatancy occurs on a step change in velocity, this is not immediately recorded using volumometry, as the permeability of the sample will produce a transient response as pore fluid pressure equilibrates between the sample and the pore fluid pressure system. To discount time effects, every velocity step was processed with a ‘time_dep’ phase for the first 100µm of displacement after the imposed velocity step change. Using the values for ‘vel_step’ and ‘time_dep’, the volumometry data are split into separate matrices incorporating time and volume preceding and following the velocity step change. A linear regression model fits a polynomial curve to the pore volumometry data and returns the coefficient of determination (R2) for the fit of the model. The shear enhanced compaction phase prior to yield is included in the fit. The code incrementally adds the value entered for ‘step’ to the data in the velocity step of interest. This ‘step’ value is a positive or negative value depending on whether the velocity has increased or decreased, respectively. A new linear regression model is then fitted to the whole dataset and if the R2 value has increased, the code will continue to loop to add the value of ‘step’ to the pore volume data. It concludes when the R2 value reaches a peak and begins to decrease, as the fit is no longer improving. We assume at this point that the effect of the dilatancy due to the velocity step has been removed, and the cumulative sum of the ‘step’ values is equivalent to the dilatancy. As the loop goes one iteration past the optimum R2 value, the code reverts to the previous set of values with the best R2 value. In experiments with multiple velocity step changes, the code needs to retain the previous corrections of the data. The function ‘pf_correct’ is used to correct the velocity steps that have been previously processed. The values for ‘vel_step’, ‘time_dep’ and the returned value of ‘offset’ need to be given in the inputs for ‘pf_correct’.

The Effects of Hydrate on the Strength and Stiffness of Sands (NERC grant NE/K00008X/1)
This database is from series of laboratory experiments designed to explore the effect of hydrate cementaion on some sands. This dataset is part of NERC Arctic Landslide-Tsunami Project ( http://arp.arctic.ac.uk/projects/landslide-tsunami/) and has been presented in International conference and Journal article (under review) namely, 1) Madhusudhan, B.N. and Clayton, C.R.I. (2016) Influence particle size on strength of gas hydrate cemented granular materials. Wuttke, F., Bauer, S. and Sanchez, M. (eds.) In Energy Geotechnics. CRC Press. 742 pp, pp. 445-449. (doi:10.1201/b21938-71). 2) Madhusudhan,B.N, Clayton, C.R.I. and Priest, J.A ‘1 The Effects of Hydrate on the Strength and Stiffness of some Sands’. Under-review in Journal of Geophysical Research – Solid Earth.

The evolution of modern marine ecosystems: environmental controls on their structure and function (NERC grant NE/I005641/1)
The data is in the form of excel spreadsheets and a word document of supplementary material. Publications: Foster, W.J., Danise, S., Sedlacek, A., Price, G.D., Hips, K. and Twitchett, R.J. 2015. Environmental controls on the post-Permian recovery of benthic, tropical marine ecosystems in western Palaeotethys (Aggtelek Karst, Hungary). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 440, 374-394 Danise, S., Twitchett, R.J., Little, C.T.S. 2015. Environmental controls on Jurassic marine ecosystems during global warming. Geology, 43, 263–266; DOI:10.1130/G36390.1 Danise, S., Twitchett, R.J., Matts, K. 2014. Ecological succession of a Jurassic shallow-water ichthyosaur fall. Nature Communications, 5, 4789. DOI:10.1038/ncomms5789 Foster, W.J., Twitchett, R.J. 2014. Functional diversity of marine ecosystems after the Late Permian mass extinction event. Nature Geoscience, 7, 233-238. doi:10.1038/NGEO2079 Danise, S., Twitchett, R.J., Little, C.T.S. & Clémence, M.E. 2013. The impact of global warming and anoxia on marine benthic community dynamics: an example from the Toarcian (Early Jurassic). PLOS ONE, 8, e56255

The exhumation history of the Himalayan orogen determined from Bengal Fan sedimentary record (IODP Leg 354) (NERC grant NE/N005287/1)
Thermochronological data from IODP Bengal Fan site 354. Grant abstract: The Himalayas are a type example of continent-continent collision, and resultant mountain building processes. Geologists can look at the rocks in the mountain belt itself to determine its evolution, but sometimes the evidence in the rocks in the mountain belt itself is obscured by later increases in the temperature and pressure that the rocks were subjected to, which overprints the evidence. Sediments eroded off the evolving Himalaya are deposited in the Bengal Fan, and these can provide an archive of the erosion of the history of the mountain belt through time which has not been obscured my later metamorphism, as the material was eroded and removed from the mountain belt prior to these later overprinting events. This project will analyse minerals that cooled as they were exhumed from deoth towards the surface in the mountain belt. The project will date the minerals to determine the time they cooled, and this will provide information on when the rocks were exhumed and how fast they exhumed, thus providing information on when and how fast the mountain belt grew.

The extent of the 3D pilot study area of the GARAH project
This area was chosen for the assessment of unconventional hydrocarbon resources using 3D basin and petroleum system modeling. Further information is found in the report,GARAH WP2: 3D Pilot Study – Unconventionals,

The Geochemistry of Fossil Pigment Preservation (NERC grant NE/J023426/1)
These data represent a massive synchrotron based programme to study ancient life. Not all of these data have been processed yet, nor have we published all of the results that we intend to. These data are still very much a work in progress. NERC grant abstract: Building on our previous successes with identifying and mapping the chemical residues of eumelanin and beta keratin, herein we propose an analytical and experimental plan to enhance our ability to detect and image key components of soft tissue. First of all we will perform a series of experiments with extant soft tissue so that we can monitor and determine the breakdown reactions of organic compounds as a function of host lithology, moisture content, and trace metal inventory. Secondly, we will complete an analytical programme, including SRS-XRF imaging, which will include these experimental run products as well as a series of time-stepped fossil samples of varying ages and host lithology so that we may build up a database which allows us to refine our general understanding of reaction paths during fossil degradation. Because the techniques we have developed are non-destructive we now have opened up the possibility for detailed analysis of extremely rare specimens which hold important information but cannot be destructively sampled. Finally, these experimental and analytical results from fossils and comparable extant species will be combined in order to answer several critically important questions in palaeontology, biology, and geochemistry. Project partners: University of Nancy, CNRS, Prof. R. Michels Feather degradation experiments SLAC Linear Accelerator Center, Linac Coherent Light Source, Dr. U. Bergmann SRS-XRF scans of large objects and x-ray spectroscopy SLAC Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, Prof. C. Kao SRS-XRF scans of large objects DIAMOND Lightsource, Prof. Fred Mosselmans XAS spectroscopy.

The impact of mineral dissolution on drainage relative permeability and residual trapping in two carbonate rocks
Carbon dioxide (CO2) injection into deep saline aquifers is governed by a number of physico-chemical processes including mineral dissolution and precipitation, multiphase fluid flow, and capillary trapping. These processes can be coupled, however, the impact of fluid-rock reaction on the multiphase flow properties is difficult to study and is not simply correlated to variation in rock porosity. We observed the impact of rock mineral dissolution on multiphase flow properties in two carbonate rocks with distinct pore structures. The Ketton carbonate was an ooidal limestone with a distinct bimodal pore structure whereas the Estaillades limestone was a bioclastic limestone with a wide range of pore sizes. Observations of steady state N2-water relative permeability and residual trapping were obtained at 100 bars fluid pressure and 22°C, with X-ray tomography used to estimate fluid saturation. These tests alternated with steps in which mineral was uniformly dissolved into solution from the rock cores using an aqueous solution with a temperature controlled acid. Eight alternating sequences of dissolution and flow measurement were performed, with on average 0.5% of the mass of the rocks dissolved at each stage. A sequence of mercury injection capillary pressure measurements were conducted on a parallel set of samples undergoing the same treatment to characterize the evolving pore size distribution and corresponding capillary pressure characteristics. Variations in the multiphase flow properties were observed to correspond to the changes in the underlying pore structure. In the Ketton carbonate, dissolution resulted in an increase of the fraction of pore volume made up by the smallest pores and a corresponding increase in the fraction made up by the largest pores. This resulted in a systematic increase in the relative permeability to the nonwetting phase and decrease in relative permeability of the wetting phase. There was also a modest but systematic decrease in residual trapping. In the Estaillades carbonate, dissolution resulted in an increase in the fraction of pore volume made up by pores in the central range of the initial pore size distribution, and a corresponding decrease in the fraction made up by both the smallest and largest pores. This resulted in a decrease in the relative permeability to both the wetting and nonwetting fluid phases and no discernible impact on the residual trapping. In summary, the impact of rock matrix dissolution will be strongly dependent on the impact of that dissolution on the underlying pore structure of the rock. However, if the variation in pore structure can be observed or estimated with modelling, then it should be possible to estimate the impacts on multiphase flow properties.

The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) 1:500,000
The map of “Switzerland during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), at a scale of 1:500,000” shows the maximum extent of glaciation in Switzerland at the height of the last Ice Age about 24,000 years BP. It incorporates the latest results of research on the Ice Age in Switzerland in a clearly legible format.

The mid-Palaeozoic biotic crisis: setting the trajectory of tetrapod evolution. Coquetdale, Coldstream and Whitrope Burn, Northern England and the Scottish Borders. (NERC grant NE/J020729/1)
The data set consists of rock samples collected from Coquetdale, Coldstream and Whitrope Burn from 2013-2014; milled material is included. There is an Excel spreadsheet of sample numbers with location, sample height on log, d13C data and %C. There are scans of field logs from Coquetdale, Coldstream and Whitrope Burn, and Illustrator drawn logs from Coldstream which include samples collected at a later date. Scans of thin sections are also included. (thin sections to be kept at Leicester for the time being – still being worked on for papers.) Each locality folder has an Excel spreadsheet detailing samples, sample height, %C and bulk and specific d13C values. These data were used to interpret the environment in which early tetrapods have been found in the early Carboniferous. These data supported the MPhil thesis 'In an alternating marine and non-marine depositional setting, where and how are early Carboniferous tetrapods preserved?' by Sherwin, 2018, and one publication including data from Whitrope Burn - Richards et al., 2018, ( https://doi.org/10.1017/S1755691018000166).

The mid-Palaeozoic biotic crisis: setting the trajectory of tetrapod evolution. Northern England, Scottish Borders and Nova Scotia. (NERC grants NE/J020729/1, NE/J021067/1)
The data set consists of rock samples collected from Burnmouth, a core drilled at Norham, from Crumble Edge, Willie's Hole and Nova Scotia from 2012-2016; milled material is included. There is an Excel spreadsheet of sample numbers with location, sample height on log, lithology and fossil content. Scans of field logs from Burnmouth, Crumble Edge, Edington Mill, Pease Bay (UK) and locations in Nova Scotia, and overview drawn-up logs from Burnmouth, Norham, Crumble Edge and Willie's Hole are included. Scans of thin section scans are also included. There is a spreadsheet containing geochemistry data - sample numbers with lithology and %C, %S, d13C. These data were used to interpret the environment in which early tetrapods have been found in the early Carboniferous. Publications include: Bennett et al., 2016 (doi: 10.1111/sed.12280); Bennett et al., 2017 ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.12.018 0031-0182); Clack et al., 2016, (DOI: 10.1038/s41559-016-0002); Kearsey et al., 2016 ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.05.033) ; Clack et al., 2018, (doi:10.1017/S1755691018000087); Millward et al., 2018 (doi: 10.1111/sed.12465); Ross et al., 2018 ( https://doi.org/10.1017/S1755691018000142)

The oxygen fugacity of core segregation and the redox evolution of the mantle: constraints from iron and chromium isotopes (NERC grant NE/F014295/2)
This project is aimed at understanding what kind of conditions the Earth's core formed under and how this affected the amount of oxygen present in the rocky interior of the Earth. It uses experiments which simulate the very high pressures and temperatures that would have been present in the Earth's interior when the core formed, combined with very precise chemical analyses of these experiments. From these results I will learn how certain chemical elements distributed themselves between the metal core and the rocky outer part of the Earth, and whether this distribution behaviour changes with different conditions and with the amount of oxygen present. By comparing the results I get from the experiments with the chemical compositions of rocks from the Earth and very primitive meteorites we will be able to understand better how the Earth's core formed, and how this may have affected the chemistry of our planet and the development of its atmosphere and oceans. Four papers are linked to this grant: Stable chromium isotopic composition of meteorites and metal-silicate experiments: Implications for fractionation during core formation Unlocking the zinc isotope systematics of iron meteorites Iron isotope tracing of mantle heterogeneity within the source regions of oceanic basalts Isotopic evidence for internal oxidation of the Earth's mantle during accretion

The stable neodymium isotopic composition of the silicate Earth and chondrites (NERC grant NE/N003926/1)
Neodymium (Nd) concentrations, Nd radiogenic isotopes (143Nd/144Nd) and Nd stable isotopes (d146/144Nd) for chondritic meteorites, terrestrial basalts and mantle rocks, and rock reference materials.

The Terra-Correlator: A computing facility for massive real-time data assimilation in Environmental Science (NERC Grant NE/L012979/1)
The Terra-correlator: A computing facility for massive real-time data assimilation in environmental science. Two Application Framework Papers: 1) Report on Terra-Correlator Application Framework. 2) Use Cases and Requirements for Terra-Correlator Application Framework, plus the codes used for the work done.

Map showing the geographical distribution of ground movements classified into four main groups: horizontal component in continental areas, vertical component in continental areas, unstable areas linked to coastal areas and movements related to mining operations. Also included are continental areas with important erosive processes.

Thermal and Alternating Field demagnetisation data from Carboniferous-age rock material from Cumbria and the Scottish Borders sampled in 2017, measured at the University of Liverpool (NERC Grant NE/P00170X/1)
Thermal and Alternating Field demagnetisation data from Carboniferous-age rock material from Cumbria and the Scottish Borders sampled in 2017. This data is divided into multiple four letter coded sections which refer to a specific locality and/or experiment type. BORD are alternating field demagnetisation results on volcanic material from the Scottish Borders, 330 million years old, sampled in the summer of 2017, carried out by Dr Courtney Sprain. BORR are thermal demagnetisation results on volcanic material from Burnmouth Harbour, Longhoughton Beach, Pease Bay, Joppa Shore, Sugar Sands Bay and Ross Beach in the Scottish Borders, 330 million years old, sampled in the summer of 2017, carried out by Dr Courtney Sprain. CMBR are thermal demagnetisation results on rock material from around Cumbria, 330 million years old, and sampled in Spring 2017, sampled and carried out by Dr Courtney Sprain and Dr Mark Hounslow. CUMB are alternating field demagnetisation results on rock material from around Cumbria, 330 million years old, and sampled in spring 2017, sampled and carried out by Dr Courtney Sprain and Dr Mark Hounslow.

Thermal and Alternating Field demagnetisation data from Viesan-age carbonates from the Meathop quarry section, Cumbria sampled in 2018, measured at the University of Lancaster. (NERC Grant NE/P00170X/1)
Thermal and Alternating Field demagnetisation data from Visean-carbonates from Meathop Quarry sampled in 2018. This covers the Martin Limestone Formation. MQ are sample codes sampled and data collection carried out by Tereza Kamenikova and Dr Mark Hounslow. The AF demagnetisation data flagged with a *G has a GRM correction applied along the lines described in Stephenson (1993). Data measured on a 2G instruments RAPID, with blank correction as in Hounslow(2019). File for of demagnetisaon data in in header and also described in the GM4Edit software (Hounslow et al. 2019). Sub-samples from main sample given codes like MQ2.1, MQ2.2 etc Hounslow, M.W. 2019. GM4Edit (v.5.6) - a windows program to manage, plot, export and manipulate palaeomagnetic magnetometer datasets. http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.31877.91361/1.

Thermal and microwave paleointensity data measured at the University of Liverpool on natural clinkers from Montana, USA, vitrified fort and volcanic material from Scotland, and volcanic material from the Yandiniling Dike Swarm, Australia
All paleointensity data gathered from the project at University of Liverpool. The data is divided into multiple four letter coded sections which refer to a specific locality and/or experiment type. The sections are as follows: CFEH - Thermal paleointensity experiment on natural clinkers from Montana, USA, looking primarily at the Epsilon Hematite phase, with an additional high-power alternating field demagnetisation step after each infield step of the experiment. LPRM - volcanic material from Kinghorn and Wormit Bay, Scotland (335 and 410 million years old). This was a specific experiment with samples given a prior high temperature applied field of 80 micro Tesla and a pressure remanent magnetisation of 80 micro Tesla. VFSS – a microwave paleointensity experiment carried out on Scottish vitrified fort material, sampled in the 1980s. WTBY – microwave paleointensity experiments carried out on Scottish volcanics from Wormit Bay. Sampled September 2015. YDSR – volcanics from Yandiniling Dike Swarm, in Yilgarn Craton, Australia, 2.6 billion years old. Sampled Nov 2018. Sampled with Yebo Li from the University of Curtin (Perth) as part of a collaboration, resampling of 16WDS sites from his palaeodirections paper. These were microwave demagnetisation (specimen orientation only) and paleointensities. NERC grant NE/P00170X/1.

Thermal conductivity at a specific geological unit
Thermal conductivity of a geological unit relevant for shallow geothermal energy use (e.g. bedrock).

Thermal conductivity of hard rock samples
The intrinsic ability of hard rock samples to conduct heat.

Thermal productivity
The maximum temperature shift between the production and the injection well that is possible with regards to legal or ecological limitations.

Thermal Response Tests (TRT)
Thermal response test (TRT) is the customary method to determine ground thermal conductivity in situ.

Thermal, Mineral and Thermomineral Water Map of the Republic of Srpska
Numerous thermal, mineral and thermomineral waters and the variety of their hydrochemical types represent the most interesting geological issue and signifcant economic potential of the territory of the Republic of Srpska. The proper interpretation of the genesis, hydrogeologic mechanism, chemical content and the regime of some occurrences of these waters provide the consideration of their economic importance and possibilities of utilization.

Thermodynamic properties of FeS polymorphs (NERC grant NE/J010626/1, NE/J010626/2)
FeS polymorphs are of significant relevance to condensed matter physics and planetary science. In particular, they are thought to form the cores of Earth and Mars, which is suggested by their presence in many meteorites. Data are plain text files containing the relative volume expansion, molar heat capacity and molar entropy of the FeS phases at different pressures as a function of temperature. Research results based upon these data are published at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2017.07.033

Thermogravimetric analysis profiles of bulk samples from the CoG3 NERC project (NERC Grant NE/M011488/1)
Thermogravimetric Analysis profiles as xy datasets of limonites from Acoje (Philippines), Caldag (Turkey), Piaui (Brazil) and Shevchenko (Kazakhstan) laterite deposits. The data were acquired during the NERC SoS Minerals CoG3 project between 2015 and 2018 using a TA Instruments Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA) instrument at the Natural History Museum, London, UK. Powdered samples were loaded into the TGA and heated at 10 degrees C per minute up to 800 degrees C under a flowing N2 atmosphere. Information regarding the type and proportion of hydrous or volatile rich mineral phases can be obtained from the decomposition profile. This may be useful within the mining sector, resource assessment, processing or prospecting, geo- or material scientists and processing engineers / metallurgists. The data were acquired in the Earth Sciences Department, Natural History Museum by the NHM CoG3 team. NERC grant: CoG3: The geology, geometallurgy and geomicrobiology of cobalt resources leading to new product streams

Thessaly PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Thessaly, Greece. It has been provided by GAMMA Remote Sensing as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Thickness of Post-LGM Deposit
Thickness of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) deposit. Contours are presented as depth (metres) below present seafloor or the base of the post LGM sedimentary cover. LGM is defined on average at 18,000 years BP. In glaciated regions the thickness of the Holocene is used. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only, 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence

Thorium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Thorium (Th), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Three-dimensional temporal imaging of X-ray CT imaging of dissolution-driven convection in glass beads
The images in this dataset show the mixing of two liquid solutions in a random bead pack as a function of time and in three-dimensions. The working fluids used in this study are solutions of methanol and ethylene-glycol (MEG, fluid 1) and brine (fluid 2). In particular, three mixtures of ethylene-glycol and methanol were prepared that differ in wt% ethylene-glycol, namely 55 wt% (MEG55), 57 wt% (MEG57) and 59 wt% (MEG59). Measurements are conducted using in the regime of Rayleigh numbers, Ra = 2000-5000. X-ray Computed Tomography is applied to image the spatial and temporal evolution of the solute plume non -invasively. The tomograms are used to compute macroscopic quantities including the rate of dissolution and horizontally averaged concentration profiles, and enable the visualisation of the ow patterns that arise upon mixing at a spatial resolution of about (2x2x2) mm3. We observe that the mixing process evolves systematically through three stages, starting from pure diffusion, followed by convection-dominated and shutdown. A modified diffusion equation is applied to model the convective process with an onset time of convection that compares favourably with literature data and an effective diffusion coefficient that is almost two orders of magnitude larger than the molecular diffusivity of the solute. The comparison of the experimental observations of convective mixing against their numerical counterparts of the purely diffusive scenario enables the estimation of a non-dimensional convective mass flux in terms of the Sherwood number, Sh = 0.025Ra. We observe that the latter scales linearly with Ra, in agreement with observations from both experimental and numerical studies on thermal convection over the same Ra regime.

Three-Field block preconditioner 3D test case (NERC grant NE/I026995/1)
This data is described in section 6.4 of the following paper, Three-Field Block Preconditioners for Models of Coupled Magma/Mantle Dynamics by Rhebergen et al DOI:10.1137/14099718X

Thulium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Thulium (Tm), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Time-lapse gravity data Corbetti caldera (Ethiopia): 2014/16 (NERC grant NE/L013932/1)
The RiftVolc microgravity network was comprised of a total of 4 benchmarks including a reference benchmark. Benchmark locations, observed gravity changes, dg14 -16, from 2014-2016, corresponding vertical deformation, Uz, free-air effect, and resultant residual gravity changes gr of the microgravity and GNSS network at Corbetti.

Time lapse camera imagery A83 Rest and Be Thankful (NERC Grant NE/T00567X/1)
Fixed time lapse camera imagery with 15 minute interval during daytimes captured from Ben Donich (BNG: NN 2297 0637) looking towards the A83 Rest and Be Thankful / slope of Beinn Luibhean. Data were subsequently processed in https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13050893 for deformation tracking. There are data gaps during poor weather/outages, and, some camera shift requiring alignment.

Time series inorganic groundwater data for the Oju/Obi area of Eastern Nigeria from 1997 and 1998. Rainfall chloride time series data from selected rain gauges from 1997. Clay mineralogy data from selected boreholes in Oju and Obi.
Oju/Obi is a remote part of Eastern Nigeria. There are severe water shortages during the 4-5 month dry season. The hydrogeology of the area is complex, and groundwater is difficult to find. In an attempt to understand and quantify the available groundwater resources within the area, DFID commissioned BGS from 1997 – 2000 to carry out a hydrogeological review of the area and devise appropriate and effective methods for siting wells and boreholes assessing groundwater resources and how best these resources could be developed. The field study involved the collection of time series data including groundwater chemistry and rainfall Cl along with mineralogical information. These results are being used by WaterAid, Local and regional Government to help local communities develop sustainable water supplies.

Time series of GNSS-based tropospheric parameters
Time series of tropospheric parameters by analysing of GNSS observations from a global IGS (International GNSS Service) network and regional networks - EPN (EUREF Permanent Network) in Europe and VESOG, GEONAS and CZEPOS in Czech Republic.

Time series of recharge values at selected boreholes across Europe
A dataset showing the locations of the boreholes where time series of recharge values (mm/year) are calculated using multiple recharge calculation tools. Clicking a borehole will lead to a figure showing the time series of recharge values if available. Models are driven by rainfall and potential evaporation and calibrated using either time series of groundwater levels or flow discharges at a gauging station or both depending on the tool. Please refer to tool used to identify if the recharge calculated is actual or potential recharge. The aim of applying multiple tools is to address the uncertainty in the calculated recharge. Values are best used for guidance only.

Times, locations, families, and durations of earthquakes identified near Parkfield, California, USA 2020 - 2022
This catalogue contains the times, locations, families, and durations of earthquakes identified near Parkfield, California, USA. Collected over the period of 2020 – 2022. The methodology used to identify the earthquakes is described by Huang, H., Hawthorne, J.C. Linking the scaling of tremor and slow slip near Parkfield, CA. Nat Commun 13, 5826 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-33158-3. The data provided here are also provided in the supplement of that paper. This catalogue contains the times (columns 1-2), locations (columns 3-5: latitude, longitude, and depth), families (column 6), and durations (columns 7).

Titanium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Titanium (Ti), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

TNO Netherlands Superficial geology
TNO Netherlands Superfical age, lithology and lithostratigraphy - Project OneGeology-Europe - WP3

Tomographic data of tubular fossils from the Ediacaran Weng'an Doushantuo biota (NERC grant NE/J018325/1)
The data are from X-ray tomographic analyses of tubular fossils. All scans were carried out using Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Tomographic Microscopy (SRXTM) except for specimen SMNH X 5324 which was also analysed using Ptychographic X-ray Computed Tomography (PXCT). The methods are described in the paper. The data consist of a stacked series of .tif files that represent maps of X-ray attenuation. The individual slices can be viewed with standard graphics software. The datasets can be studied in 3D using tomographic reconstruction software such as Avizo (www.vsg3d.com/), Spiers (www.spiers-software.org/), VG Studio Max (www.volumegraphics.com) etc. The voxel size, which is needed for scale calculations, varies between datasets and is given below. Some datasets consist of two 'blocks' of data, with slices named [specimen name]_B1 and [specimen name]_B2. These are placed in the same folder and follow on directly from one another. They can be opened together as a single dataset. The files relate to the following publication: Cunningham, J. A., Vargas, K., Liu, P., Belivanova, V., Marone, F., Martinez-Perez, C., Guizar-Sicairos, M., Holler, M., Bengtson, S. & Donoghue, P. C. J. 2015. Critical appraisal of tubular putative eumetazoans from the Ediacaran Weng'an Doushantuo biota. Proceedings of the Royal Society Series B: Biological Sciences.

Tomographic data on the developmental biology of the Early Cambrian cnidarian Olivooides (NERC grant NE/J018325/1)
The folders GMPKU2311, GMPKU3089, ELISN108-343 and ELISN31-5 contain data from X-ray tomographic analyses of fossil embryos and post-embryonic stages as described: There is one data folder provided for each specimen, each containing the following: - Raw data: zip archive containing the raw scan data (.tif image stack). - Working files: zip archive containing the segmented slices (.tif image stack exported from Avizo labels). - Avizo project: the Avizo .hx project file. - Avizo labels: the Avizo .am labels file, containing the segmentation information. - 3D model: the 3D surface computed from the segmented labels data (.stl file). In the case of GMPKU2311 only the raw data and 3D model file are provided, as the surface was computed directly from an isosurface of the specimen in Avizo. The individual slices (.tif images) can be viewed with standard graphics software, and the datasets can be studied in 3D using tomographic reconstruction software such as Avizo (www.vsg3d.com/), Spiers (www.spiers-software.org/), VG Studio Max (www.volumegraphics.com) etc. The Avizo project and label files (.hx and .am files) require Avizo software (www.vsg3d.com/) to be opened. The 3D models (.stl files) are widely compatible with 3D freeware packages such as MeshLab ( http://meshlab.sourceforge.net/) or Blender ( https://www.blender.org/), or with proprietary software, e.g. Avizo (www.vsg3d.com/), Geomagic ( http://www.geomagic.com/en/), Mimics ( http://biomedical.materialise.com/mimics). The files relate to the following publication: Dong, X.; Vargas, K.; Cunningham, J. A.; Zhang, H.; Liu, T.; Chen, F.; Liu, J.; Bengtson, S. & Donoghue, P. C. J. 2015. Developmental biology of the early Cambrian cnidarian Olivooides. Journal of Paleontology.

Topographic and kinematic data from the Kaikoura earthquake, New Zealand (NERC grant NE/P021425/1)
In this submission we Include three data sets collected as part of a NERC Urgency programme. Data were collected from a key field site within the Marlborough Fault Zone (MFZ), New Zealand. The Mw 7.8 Kaikoura Earthquake of 14th November 2016 was characterised by a surprising degree of spatial complexity in the surface displacement field in the Marlborough region, South Island, New Zealand. This complexity includes movement on up to 12 faults, besides a high degree of variability in apparent slip along strike of individual faults over relatively short distances. The Urgency programme included rapid collection of Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS), Structure from Motion (SfM) and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data immediately after this event. We include data for one of our field sites for which data collection succeeded, and processing has been completed. For a summary of the key initial findings from this data set, see the following EGU 2018 Abstract and summary:

Topography (T)
DRASTIC parameter T

Total heat demand in the North-West Europe
The total Heat Demand map for the DGE-ROLLOUT project is produced from HD data measured or calculated by each project region in North-West Europe. The total HD (in MWh/ha) combines the residential and commercial heat demand.

Toulouse PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Toulouse, France. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Towards more flexible power generation with CCS (C2-214) – Dynamic and steady-state data from UKCCSRC PACT amine pilot, Aug 2016.
UKCCSRC Call 2 Project C2-214 . The dataset consists of six excel spreadsheets containing data from six dynamic operating scenarios for post-combustion CO2 capture on coal, implemented at the UKCCSRC’s PACT amine pilot facility. Critical plant parameters including flowrates, temperatures, pressure, solvent composition and CO2 capture rate are recorded. Additional steady-state baseload data and information regarding plant dimensions are provided in a separate word document. The dataset was generated as part of a pilot-scale test campaign which aimed to investigate the effect of differences in plant construction on response to dynamic operations, and to provide a proof-of-concept for the control of plant parameters using continuous, online solvent measurements. They may be of use to those interested in the dynamic modelling of post-combustion CO2 capture, for the purpose of model validation. A collaborative research paper with researchers from Imperial College London is planned.

Trace element analyses of melt inclusions from Mount St. Helens 1980 eruption
Laser ablation (LA) ICP-MS analyses (presented in parts per million, ppm) of melt inclusions from the 1980 eruption of Mt. St. Helens (18th May-16th October). Detailed sample collection methods are given in Blundy et al. (2008). Blundy, J., Cashman, K.V. and Berlo, K. (2008) Evolving magma storage conditions beneath Mount St. Helens inferred from chemical variations in melt inclusions from the 1980-1986 and current (2004-2006) eruptions, in: Sherrod, D.R., Scott, W.E., Stauffer, P.H. (Eds.), A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006, Reston, VA, pp. 755-790.

Trace element and Vanadium isotope compositions of basalt glass samples from the Reykjanes Ridge (NERC Grant NE/N009886/1)
The data forms the basis of the paper Novella et al (2020 ( https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115973) and full interpretation can be found there. Basalt glass chips were supplied by Bramley Murton (Southampton) and the sample contexts are detailed in https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/43.11.1987. New trace element data is provided for the clean basaltic glasses (all reported in ppm). The Vanadium isotope composition (del51V) is also reported for these chips. Uncertainties in these analyses are provided as 2-sigma. Updated estimates of the ferric iron content of these chips also provided, based on recalibration of the data reported by Shorttle et al 2015 ( https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.07.017).

Trace element data for melt inclusions, Fuego volcano, Guatemala
Laser ablation (LA) ICP-MS analyses of olivine-hosted melt inclusions from Fuego volcano, Guatemala eruptions on the 14th, 17th and 23rd October, 1974. Full descriptions regarding the analysed samples are given in Rose et al. (1978) and Lloyd et al. (2013). References Lloyd, A.S., Plank, T., Ruprecht, P., Hauri, E.H. and Rose, W. (2013) Volatile loss from melt inclusions in pyroclasts of differing sizes. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 165, 129-153. Rose, W.I., Anderson, A.T., Woodruff, L.G. and Bonis, S.B. (1978) The October 1974 basaltic tephra from Fuego volcano: Description and history of the magma body. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 4, 3-53.

Trace elements in residential indoor vacuum dust, collected via a citizen-led sampling approach and analysed by XRF (NERC Grant NE/T004401/1)
A dataset of trace metal concentrations (As, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in indoor dust from homes from 11 countries, along with a suite of potentially contributory residential characteristics. A household vacuum dust sample, collected by the study participant using their regular vacuum cleaner, was submitted to the laboratory for analysis by X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) on the <250um sieved fraction, along with the completion of an online questionnaire survey. Dust sample collection took place between 2018 – 2021. The Home Biome project is affiliated to the DustSafe community science programme (see mapmyenvironment.com). Sample location data are provided at town/city and Country level. Health risk from exposure to potentially contaminant-laden dust has been widely reported. Given the amount of time people spend indoors, residential environments are an important but understudied environment with respect to human exposure to contaminants. Indeed, the nature of the hazard that house dust presents remains poorly characterized. These data will be of interest to those interested in human exposure to potentially toxic elements and environmental health, as well as to the participants, who received a bespoke report on their sample data and information on key sources and ways to reduce exposure to trace elements in indoor dust.

Trace metal concentrations and lipid biomarkers used in the interpretation of a sediment record (IODP U1419) from the Gulf of Alaska (NERC Grant NE/N011112/1)
"Three spreadsheet tables of biomarker data, element ratios, and accumulation rates. Sediment samples from IODP Expedition 341, Site U1419 in the Gulf of Alaska. Site U1419 is located in 721 m water depth on the continental slope above the Khitrov basin. Extracted lipids were analysed by HPLC-MS. Two independent methods for bulk element geochemistry analyses were applied to the samples. More details available in the paper Zindorf et al., 2020 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2020.119864"

Traffic light map for closed loop system
Overall evaluation of possible limitations and restrictions to the installation of closed loop systems based on a 4 colour schemes (grey: no data available, red: no installation allowed, yellow: installation based on case to case decision, green: no restrictions known)

Traffic light map for open loop system
Overall evaluation of possible limitations and restrictions to the installation of open loop systems based on a 4 colour schemes (grey: no data available, red: no installation allowed, yellow: installation based on case to case decision, green: no restrictions known)

Trans-African Regional Geo-data for the Energy Transition (TARGET) model
A geographic information system (GIS) containing geo-data for the energy transition across continental Africa created by extracting data from open sources into a series of shapefiles and rasters containing information on culture, geology, geothermal and geophysical data. This data is stored in the World Geodetic System (WGS) 1984 Geographic Projection System.

Transcripts of qualitative community surveys carried out in Amuria (A) and Katakwi (K) districts, north-eastern Uganda (NERC grant NE/L001799/1)
The data are transcripts of qualitative community surveys carried out in Amuria (A) and Katakwi (K) districts, north-eastern Uganda, as part of a pilot project looking at causes of borehole/hand pump failure in rural areas. The community survey was designed to collected basic information on community water use, reconstruct the history of the water point and explore the socio-institutional factors that may have contributed to non-functionality. Key topics included: community engagement in planning and construction of the water point, access to the water point (and alternative water sources), water quality and yield (including seasonality), mechanical failures and repairs, water point management and by-laws, and fees and finances. The survey took the form of a semi-structured group discussion, guided by a set of questions covering the key topics. Each survey took 2-3 hours. Surveys were conducted for 24 water points. Participants included both water users and Water Point Committee (WPC) members. There were no restrictions on who from the community could participate in the discussion, hence numbers varied. The focus groups were facilitated by local NGO staff familiar with the districts, and guided by researchers from the Overseas Development Institute. The transcripts were produced from the detailed handwritten notes taken by the researchers during the group discussions, with the support of translators. The community surveys should be viewed as complementary to the technical investigations conducted at the borehole.

Transport of Lithophile Elements in Magmatic-Hydrothermal Fluids (NERC grant NE/I02349X/1)
Supplementary material received relating to the following papers: Metal complexion and ion hydration in low density hydrothermal fluids: Ab initio molecular dynamics simulation of Cu(I) and Au(I) in chloride solutions (25-1000°C, 1-5000bar) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.01.033. Zinc complexion in chloride-rich hydrothermal fluids (25-600°C): A thermodynamic model derived from ab initio molecular dynamics. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.09.023. Speciation and thermodynamic properties of zinc in sulphur-rich hydrothermal fluids: Insights from ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.01.031.

Trends on filtered data of groundwater levels and effective precipitation over the 1976-2019 period in France
Normalised groundwater trends on EEMD residue - Sen’s slope of filtered groundwater levels and effective precipitation over the 1976-2019 period at France scale. The statistical significance of trends is tested at a threshold of 5%.

Trends on filtered data of groundwater levels and effective precipitation over the 1996-2019 period in France
Normalised groundwater trends on EEMD residue - Sen’s slope of filtered groundwater levels and effective precipitation over the 1996-2019 period at France scale. The statistical significance of trends is tested at a threshold of 5%.

Trends on raw data of groundwater levels and effective precipitation over the 1976-2019 period in France
Trends analysis - Sen’s slope of groundwater levels and effective precipitation over the 1976-2019 period at France scale. The statistical significance of trends is tested at a threshold of 5%.

Trends on raw data of groundwater levels and effective precipitation over the 1996-2019 period in France
Trends analysis - Sen’s slope of groundwater levels and effective precipitation over the 1996-2019 period at France scale. The statistical significance of trends is tested at a threshold of 5%.

Triaxial compressive strength data of tests conducted at elevated temperature on hydrothermalised basalt samples from Osa Peninsula (Costa Rica) and oceanic crust basalt from Cocos Plate
This dataset contains raw (clean but not interpreted) triaxial compressive strength data of tests conductive at elevated pressure and temperature as outlined in "Vannucchi, P., Clarke, A., de Montserrat, A., Ougier-Simonin, A., Aldega, L., & Morgan, J. P. (2022). A strength inversion origin for non-volcanic tremor. Nature Communications, 13(1), 2311. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29944-8". The data is provided in a .zip folder containing the files of 5 experiments that are accompanied by a README file for introduction. Files format is Microsoft Excel Worksheet (.xlsx) and data are tabulated. Each file contains the corresponding relevant sample’s details, and each column of data is clearly labelled, units included. For each experiment, time, axial force, axial displacement, axial stress, confining displacement, confining pressure, axial strain A and B, axial average strain, circumferential extensometer, circumferential strain, volumetric strain, internal temperature, and axial delta P were recorded. Triaxial testing was undertaken using the MTS 815 servo-controlled stiff frame inside a vessel capable of a confining pressure up to 140 MPa at the Rock Mechanics and Physics Laboratory, British Geological Survey, UK. The confining cell is fitted with external heater bands and utilizing utilizes cascade control from internal and external thermocouples (accurate to ± 0.5°C). An initial axial pre-load of 2.3 kN was applied, to ensure a stable contact and alignment of the platens. The confining pressure vessel was then closed and filled with mineral oil confining fluid. The axial pre-load was maintained whilst the confining pressure was applied at 2 MPa/min to 60 or 120 MPa; these values were chosen to approximately bracket the pressures at the up-dip limit of seismic nucleation, corresponding to 2 – 4 km depth (Arroyo et al., 2014). At this point, whilst held in axial force and confining pressure control, the rig was heated at 2°C/min to 60°C to approximate the average temperature conditions at the depth of the up-dip limit of seismic nucleation (Harris and Spinelli, 2010). The samples were then left for approximately 1 hour allowing thermal equilibrium to be reached throughout the confining fluid and the samples. Once stable, axial loading was initiated in constant axial strain rate control at a rate of 5.0 x 10-6 s-1 until macroscopic failure occurred or a significant amount of post peak-stress axial strain was recorded (between 2% and 5%). We note that one test was conducted at the higher temperature of T=120°C with a result within 2.5% of the strength at T=60°C (Table 1). As this is below the expected sample-to-sample variability, no further temperature studies were conducted. The axial load, axial load actuator displacement, axial stress (s1), differential stress (Q=s1 - s3), confining pressure Pc (= s2= s3), confining pressure actuator displacement, axial strain (eax), circumferential strain (ecirc) and temperature were monitored throughout at sampling frequencies of 1s and 0.5kN. File names are: YYYY-MM-DD_LabProjectNumber_SiteName-SampleNumber

Triaxial compressive strength tests on 'Comiso' Limestone (Ragusa Formation; Sicily, Italy) samples
This dataset contains raw experimental triaxial testing data as outlined in "Castagna, A., Ougier‐Simonin, A., Benson, P. M., Browning, J., Walker, R. J., Fazio, M., & Vinciguerra, S. (2018). Thermal damage and pore pressure effects of the Brittle‐Ductile transition in Comiso limestone. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 123(9), 7644-7660.s, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2017JB015105". The data is provided in a .zip folder containing the files of 16 experiments that are accompanied by a README file for introduction. Files format is Microsoft Excel Worksheet (.xlsx) and data are tabulated. Each file contains the corresponding relevant sample’s details, and each column of data is clearly labelled, units included. For each experiment, time, radial and axial pumps volume displacements and pressures, top and bottom pore fluid pumps volume displacements and pressures, internal temperature, LVDT signals were recorded. Twenty right cylindrical samples of ‘Comiso’ limestone (Ragusa Formation; Sicily) were tested in triaxial compression at a range of confining pressures simulating depths of 290 m, 620 m, 1.2 km, and 2.0 km respectively, assuming an average density of the over-burden load of 2470 kg/m3. Prior to strength test, each sample was either oven dried (ca. 12 hours at 85 °C followed by cooling in a desiccator for 1 hour) or water saturated (samples in distilled water under vacuum for 24 hours). A subset of these samples has also been thermally treated at 150, 300, 450 and 600oC to induce thermal cracking prior to the mechanical testing. All tests were conducted at 10-5 s-1 axial strain rate in assumed drained conditions when relevant, and at room temperature. For saturated tests, the initial loading was applied in two steps, first by increasing Pc hydrostatically (σ1=σ2=σ3) until the desired confining pressure was reached, and then introducing pore fluid pressure, as per the functionality of the experimental set-up. The experiments were conducted by Drs A. Castagna, M. Fazio and P. Benson using the Snachez triaxial cell at the Rock Mechanics Laboratory of the University of Portsmouth. All responsible for the collection and initial interpretation of the data. Only 17 experiments are reported in this set of data; the missing 3 datasets are believed to be only available on the local computer storage of the triaxial apparatus used at that time.

Triaxial data, hydrostatic loading data and processed representative elementary area (REA), grain size image analysis data for Bentheim, Castlegate and a synthetic sandstone sample (NERC Grant NE/L002469/1)
We examine the role of cement on compaction band formation by performing triaxial tests on three sandstones, Bentheim, Castlegate and a synthetic sandstone which possess very similar porosities (~26-29%) and grain sizes (~230-300 µm), but which are cemented differently, with syntaxial quartz overgrowths, clay, and amorphous quartz cement respectively. Each sample was taken to 5% axial strain at a starting effective stress equivalent to 85% of its hydrostatic yield (P*) value, which were identified from yield under hydrostatic loading. These data for the 3 samples are presented as matlab data files. Post-deformation, each of the 3 cores underwent backscatter SEM and subsequent image analysis to examine any localised variations in porosity and grain size. These data are presented as csv files. Discrete bands form in each of the 3 sandstones but are distributed differently across each sample. Our results suggest that cement type plays a significant role in the micromechanics of deformation within each of the sandstones, which in turn, determines where the compaction bands nucleate and develop. These results may provide a starting point to investigate the role of cement on compaction localisation further.

Tropical Andean chironomid calibration dataset and Laguna Pindo fossil record (NERC studentship grant NE/J500288/1)
Chironomid calibration data set for tropical South America. Surface sediment samples from 59 Andean lakes across Bolivia (15 lakes), Peru (32 lakes), and Ecuador (12 lakes) over an altitudinal gradient from 150m above sea level to 4655m above sea level between 0-17 degrees South and 64-78 degrees West. Laguna Pindo is a small shallow lake on the Ecuadorian Andes (1 27.132 degrees South and 78 04.847 degrees West, 1248m above sea level). See published paper, Inferring late-Holocene climate in the Ecuadorian Andes using a chironomid-based temperature inference model by Frazer Matthews-Bird, Stephen J. Brooks, Philip B. Holden, Encarni Montoya, and William D. Gosling (2016), . Clim. Past, 12, 1263-1280, 2016. doi:10.5194/cp-12-1263-2016

Tsunami trimlines identified across different islands of the Tonga archipelago (NERC Grant NE/X002454/1)
Tsunami trimlines identified across different islands of the Tonga archipelago. Trimlines have been used as a reference land feature following the January 2022 Tonga tsunami event that ripped off vegetation and built-up areas. Trimlines are distinctive limits between an area with sand coverage, vegetation destruction, and soil erosion on the one hand, and the unaffected natural vegetation on the other. This distinction provides a good landmark to map the inundation width and the landward extension of tsunami runup. In this case, the trimlines have been manually delineated by BGS - Earth Observation team using different high-resolution satellite datasets both optical (KompSat, Planet, Pleiades, WorldView) and radar (TerraSAR-X). Trimlines are well known from task-force publications documenting recent tsunami detection efforts and provide key information to support tsunami triggering mechanism models. For more info, see https://www.usgs.gov/media/images/tsunami-terms and Scheffers et al. (2012), https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-010-9691-6

Tsunamis Affected Coast Points
Locations of coasts affected by tsunamis of unknown origin, mapped by various national and regional mapping projects and recovered in the literature. In order to allow representation of different events, affected coasts are represented by points located in an average position for each event. Note: blank areas do not necessarily correspond to no occurrence.

Tsunamis Origin Points
Locations of events which originated tsunamis, mapped by various national and regional mapping projects and recovered in the literature. Wherever possible, connected events reported in other EMODnet Geology layers are indicated in the Attribute table. Note: blank areas do not necessarily correspond to no occurrence.

Tugtutoq statistics (NERC Grant NE/J020877/2)
Scanned and annotated thin sections, in plane-polarised and cross-polarised light. Derivative statistical data for mineral grainsize and spatial distribution. Younger Giant Dyke, Tugtutoq, South Greenland.

Tungsten isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Tungsten (W), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Turbulent convective length scale in planetary cores (NERC grant NE/M017893/1)
Data extracted from numerical simulations of rotating Boussinesq convection in spherical geometry and published in Guervilly, Cardin & Schaeffer (2019, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1301-5). The simulations were run with Ekman numbers varying between 1e-6 and 1e-11, Rayleigh numbers between 6e7 and 5.25e13 and Prandtl numbers between 0.1 and 0.01. The data include: power spectra of the kinetic energy as a function of the azimuthal wavenumber; Rossby numbers and convective length scale; radial velocity in the equatorial plane for 4 selected simulations at varying Ekman number (Ek=1e-8 to 1e-11).

Two-phase modeling of water partitioning between liquid iron and silicate melt (NERC Grant NE/S01134X/1)
The two-phase modeling of water between liquid iron and silicate melt at 50 and 135 gigapascals (corresponding to 3500 and 4200 kelvin) was performed by using ab initio molecular dynamics implemented in the Vienna Ab Initio Simulation Package.

Type And Figured Microfossils.
All type and figured calcareous microfossils and palynmorphs held in the BGS collections are registered using the prefix 'MPK'. To date MPK1 to 13400 have been used. Information includes name, locality, geological details and journal details.

U-Pb isotopic data for Chelyabinsk meteorite phosphates (NERC Grant NE/L002507/1)
U-Pb isotope ratio data set for numerous phosphate (apatite) grains in two thin section samples of the LL5 S4-6 Chelyabinsk meteorite. One section is of the S4-6 light lithology, and another of the S5-6 dark lithology. Samples analysed were section ‘A' (light lithology) and section ‘B’ (dark lithology) of Chelyabinsk, both from the Open University School of Physical Sciences sample collection. The results demonstrate variability in degree of Pb-loss during collisional reheating from pristine versus damaged apatite crystal domains. These results are reported for a meteorite fall which originally happened near Chelyabinsk in Russia. The results otherwise have no geographic location, as this is a sample of an asteroid. All measurements were made in December 2020. These data were collected using Secondary Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) with a CAMECA IMS 1280 at the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IGGCAS). The thin sections were polished with colloidal silica, cleaned, and coated with gold prior to analysis. Microtextural information was obtained prior to analysis using a combination of back-scatter-electron, cathodoluminescence, and electron-back-scatter-diffraction analysis. Data were obtained to test hypotheses relating to the competition between macro-to-meso-scale thermally-driven variation in Pb-loss rates versus microscale variation driven by grain-specific features, e.g., fracture networks. An article describing and discussing these results, including further methodological steps in their collection and processing, is due for publication. This information is currently available in preprint form on arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.06038

U-Th chronology results of Siberian and Mongolian speleothems, data used as the basis of a scientific paper. (NERC Grant NE/G013829/1)
The data presented in the Table 1 are U-Th chronology results of Siberian and Mongolian speleothems. This data is a basis for a scientific paper of Vaks, A. et al. (2013) "Speleothems Reveal 500,000-Year History of Siberian Permafrost." Science 340 (6129): 183-186. The table shows the ages of 111 layers of 36 speleothems taken from the six caves of Siberia and Mongolia. Vadose speleothems grow in caves of unsaturated zone when atmospheric water infiltrates into the caves from the surface. Therefore these speleothems cannot grow in permafrost, as well as in dry desert conditions. Therefore in Siberia the periods of speleothem growth show intervals during which the Siberian permafrost thawed and became discontinuous or absent. In Mongolian Gobi Desert the speleothem deposition periods show when the desert was both humid than present and warm enough to enable water infiltration into the caves. The data presented in tables 2 and 3 are OxCal-4.1 modeling results of the Table 1 chronology data for the Holocene (Table 2) and Marine Isotopic Stage (MIS) 5.5 (Table 3). The tables show exact durations of Holocene and MIS-5.5 permafrost thawing periods in Botovskaya and Okhotnichya Caves.

U/Pb ratios in olivine-hosted melt inclusions in intraplate (ocean island magmas) setting (NERC grant NE/K008862/1)
A worldwide compilation of 189 analyses of U and Pb concentrations in olivine-hosted melt inclusions from ocean island magmas. These data were used in Delavault et al. (2016, Geology 44, 819-822) to calculate the present-day distribution of the U/Pb ratios in magmas generated in intraplate setting.

U/Pb ratios in olivine-hosted melt inclusions in subduction (island arc magmas) setting (NERC grant NE/K008862/1)
A worldwide compilation of 333 analyses of U and Pb concentrations in olivine-hosted melt inclusions from island arc magmas. These data were used in Delavault et al. (2016, Geology 44, 819-822) to calculate the present-day distribution of the U/Pb ratios in magmas generated in subduction setting.

UK Coal Resource for New Exploitation Technologies
Several coal resource maps for the whole of the UK have been produced by the British Geological Survey as a result of joint work with Department of Trade and Industry and the Coal Authority. The UK Coal Resource for new exploitation technologies map is a map of Britain depicting the spatial extent of the principal coal resources overlayed with existing workings and potential new technologies for accessing the resource. The map also shows the areas where coal and lignite are present at the surface and also where coal is buried at depth beneath younger rocks. The project covers all onshore coalfields in the UK, including Northern Ireland. It includes coal under estuaries and near-shore areas that can practically be reached by land-based directional drilling. No data more than 5 km offshore were considered. The maps are intended to be used for resource development, energy policy, strategic planning, land-use planning, the indication of hazard in mined areas, environment assessment and as a teaching aid. In addition to a summary map at 1:750000 scale for Britain data also exists for each technology of 21 individual regions or coal fields at a scale of 1:100000. The data was published in printed map form for the summary map, inkjet plots for the 42 individual maps and as PDF documents on CD. The maps were accompanied by BGS report CR/04/015N, "UK Coal Resource for New Technologies, Final Report". The work was initiated in April 2002 and completed in October 2003. The data was also simplified for inclusion in the Britain Beneath your Feet atlas 2005.

UK continental shelf seabed sediments (1:1 million scale)
UK continental shelf seabed sediment data at 1:1 million scale. This data layer is the BGS contribution to the OneGeology project, providing UK onshore geological data at 1:625 000 scale and UK continental shelf seabed sediment data at 1:1 million scale.

UK Earthquake Seismogram Data.
Recordings of earthquakes and other signals (such as quarry blasts, explosions, sonic booms and collapses) made by a network of seismometers and similar sensors across the UK. Recordings start in 1977 (with a few events recorded before this) and continue to the present day. Data is used for monitoring of seismic activity, studies of seismic hazard and scientific study of the Earth's interior. Data is freely available on request. Some data can be retrieved from the BGS AutoDRM (Automatic Data Request Manager) service. Time series data recorded by UK seismic networks.

UK Gas column pressures and CO2 content database.
The data consists of a spreadsheet containing gas column height, CO2 content and estimated retained buoyancy pressures for Southern North Sea gas fields, based on published information. The data were obtained from published field records and papers on behalf of the 'Fault seal controls on CO2 storage capacity in aquifers' project funded by the UKCCS Research Centre, grant number UKCCSRC-C1-14.

UK Geomagnetic Observatory Hourly Mean Values.
Digital hourly mean values of the Geomagnetic field elements from Lerwick, Eskdalemuir, Abinger and Hartland Observatories. Eskdalemuir data are available from 1911, Lerwick from 1926, Hartland from 1957 and all three are available up to yesterday's date. Values from Abinger (1926-1956) are available on request. Most data are definitive, but recent data (within the last 203 years) are provisional and may be corrected in the future. Values of declination (D), horizontal intensity (H) and vertical intensity (Z) are available. The units of declination are degrees. Declination is negative when west of true north. The units of horizontal intensity and vertical intensity are nT (nanotesla). Vertical intensity is positive in the downwards direction. The data from these observatories will not only aid scientific research into rates of change of the magnetic field and increase the accuracy of the BGS Global Geomagnetic Model, but will also provide data to exploration geophysicists engaged in current and future oil exploration.

UK Geomagnetic Observatory K-Indices.
The K-index scale summarises geomagnetic activity at an observatory by assigning a code, an integer in the range 0 to 9 (0 being the least active field and 9 the most active field) to each 3-hour Universal Time (UT) interval. K-Indices are available for Lerwick, Eskdalemuir, Greenwich, Abinger and Hartland Magnetic Observatories. From 1954-90 the values are hand scaled, from 1991 to the present day they are automatically scaled. The data not only aids scientific research into rates of change of the magnetic field and increases the accuracy of the BGS Global Geomagnetic Model, but also provides data to exploration geophysicists engaged in current and future oil exploration.

UK geomagnetic observatory one-minute mean values
Digital one-minute values of the Geomagnetic field elements from Lerwick, Eskdalemuir and Hartland Observatories. Data are available from 1979 up to the present day. Most data are definitive, but recent data (within the last 2-3 years) and data between 1979 and 1982 are provisional and may be corrected in the future. The data from these observatories will not only aid scientific research into rates of change of the magnetic field and increase the accuracy of the BGS Global Geomagnetic Model, but will also provide data to exploration geophysicists engaged in current and future oil exploration.

UK Hydrographic Office (UKHO) Geophysical Survey 1974/13: Lizard and SW Approaches (05/05/1974 to 06/09/1974)
This geophysical survey has been carried out by, Institute of Geological Sciences (IGS) now British Geological Survey (BGS) for Department of Energy, the survey took place from May to September 1974 in the western English Channel on board the HMS Hecate. These purpose was to collect data to link deep seismic information to the outcrop geology. Sea floor data were collected using Echo Sounder, Gravimeter, Magnetometer, Sidescan Sonar. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using Sparker. These data are archived by BGS. Details of the survey are contained in IGS Annual Report 1974.

UK Hydrographic Office (UKHO) Sampling Survey 1970/14: Southern Approaches to Sea of the Hebrides (19/Sep/1970 to 14/Oct/1970)
This sampling survey has been carried out by the Hydrographic Department of the Ministry of Defence, the survey took place from September to October 1970 in the Sea of the Hebrides on board HMS Hecla. They provided sample material to the Institiute of Geological Sciences (now BGS) who provided a geological determination. These data are archived by BGS. No BGS survey report currently available.

UK in-situ stress field orientation from borehole breakouts and drilling induced tensile fractures identified using borehole imaging
This datasets contains 323 observations of borehole breakouts across and drilling induced tensile fractures from borehole imaging used to re-characterise the UK stress field orientation in 2016. This was published in the Journal of Marine and Petroleum Geology and is openly available using doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2016.02.012 The observations relate to 39 wells from Central England, Northern England and Northern Scotland and are provided with links to screen grabs of the images for clarity. The basic well metadata is supplied along with a description of the dataset. The Images were generated in the IMAGE DISPLAY module of the Landmark RECALL software and are supplied on an “as shown” basis. Descriptions of the tools and the techniques used are listed in the accompanying paper: KINGDON, A., FELLGETT, M. W. & WILLIAMS, J. D. O. 2016. Use of borehole imaging to improve understanding of the in-situ stress orientation of Central and Northern England and its implications for unconventional hydrocarbon resources. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 73, 1-20.

UK in-situ stress field orientation from borehole breakouts and drilling induced tensile fractures identified using borehole imaging (2020)
This datasets contains 323 observations of borehole breakouts across and drilling induced tensile fractures from borehole imaging used to re-characterise the UK stress field orientation in 2016. This was published in the Journal of Marine and Petroleum Geology and is openly available using doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2016.02.012 The observations relate to 39 wells from Central and Northern England and are provided with links to screen grabs of the images for clarity. The basic well meta data is supplied along with a description of the dataset. The Images were generated in the IMAGE DISPLAY module of the Landmark RECALL software. and are supplied on an “as shown” basis. Descriptions of the tools and the techniques used are listed in the accompanying paper: KINGDON, A., FELLGETT, M. W. & WILLIAMS, J. D. O. 2016. Use of borehole imaging to improve understanding of the in-situ stress orientation of Central and Northern England and its implications for unconventional hydrocarbon resources. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 73, 1-20.

UK Magnetic Observatory Magnetograms.
Magnetograms are records of variations in the strength and direction of the Earth’s magnetic field. Historically these magnetograms were recorded on paper using photographic techniques. In the UK, measurements were made at eight long-running observatories; Abinger, Eskdalemuir, Falmouth, Greenwich, Hartland, Kew, Lerwick, and Stonyhurst. BGS also hold magnetogram records from the Cape Evans observatory that ran continuously at Robert Falcon Scott’s Antarctic base camp during the British Antarctic Expedition 1910–13. The magnetogram collection, one of the longest running geomagnetic series in the world, provides a continuous record of more than 160 years of UK measurements. These magnetograms start in the 1840s and end in 1986 at which time digital recording of the magnetic field took over and magnetograms can be produced by computer graphic. The plots show variation in the Earth's magnetic field, typically over a 24-hour period. The collection is a valuable, partly untapped data resource for studying geomagnetic storms, space weather and the evolution of the Earth’s magnetic field. The magnetograms provide insight into: • the Earth’s outer core: long-term change (years to centuries) in the dynamo that sustains our magnetic field • space weather: short-term changes (seconds to days) in near-Earth space and on the ground • space climate: long-term change (decades to centuries) in solar activity and consequences for Earth’s environment All the above have an impact on human activities. For example, bad space weather affects technologies that we increasingly rely on, such as electrical power and GPS networks. In response to the threat of loss from degradation due to age and a desire to preserve and exploit old data, BGS undertook a programme of work to digitally photograph, archive and preserve the analogue paper records of magnetic field variation in the United Kingdom. Between 2009 and 2013, high-quality digital images of every available magnetogram were taken. These images are available to search online. Scientists and the general public around the world can now gain easy access to this historical dataset.

UK Miscellaneous: Paper: The potential for aquifer disposal of carbon dioxide in the UK 1993 (early CO2 storage paper)
This is one of the early papers on CO2 storage. Natural analogues indicate that it is possible to dispose of CO2 underground in closed structures on deep aquifers. Disposal into depleted or exhausted hydrocarbon fields has many advantages, e.g. proven seal, known storage capacity, no exploration costs. Unfortunately there are very few hydrocarbon fields in the UK onshore area, and their total CO2 storage capacity is very low compared to annual UK CO2 production from power generation. The best aquifers for CO2 disposal onshore are the widespread Permo-Triassic sandstones. Further onshore potential exists in younger Mesozoic reservoirs. Offshore, disposal into depleted oil fields (where cost credits from enhanced oil recovery could be beneficial) or the Perno-Triassic gas fields of the southern North Sea, and nearby associated closures of the Triassic Sherwood Sandstone aquifer, appear to provide the best prospects. doi:10.1016/0196-8904(93)90038-C.

UK Miscellaneous: Report: A preliminary feasibility study for the underground disposal of carbon dioxide in UK 1991 (THE first UK CO2 storage publication)
This is THE first CO2 storage publication produced in the UK. The Association of the Coal Producers of the European Community are agreed that immediate action is required to reduce the build up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (Harrison, 1990). This is considered necessary even though the effect of these gases on global climate and the human race, are very uncertain mainly because the factors and processes affecting climatic change are poorly understood. http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/511485/

UK Miscellaneous: Teesside Collective Reports and Publications
Teesside Collective is a cluster of leading industries with a shared vision: to establish Teesside as the go-to location for future clean industrial development by creating Europe’s first Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) equipped industrial zone. The Teesside Collective reports and publications including the Blueprint for Industrial CCS in the UK can be accessed from

UK newspaper reports of earthquakes
This is a collection of extracts from British newspapers describing earthquakes, mostly British. It contains original clippings, photocopies, and in a few cases manual transcriptions.

UK Onshore Geophysical Library (UKOGL)
The UK Onshore Geophysical Library was established in 1994 in conjunction with the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) and the UK Onshore Operators Group (UKOOG). The Library manages the archive and official release of seismic data recorded over landward areas of the UK. By agreement with the DTI and HMSO, the Library operates as a registered charity, funded by revenues raised from data sales and donations, with the long term objective of bringing all available UK onshore digital seismic data into secure archival storage, whilst providing efficient access to all interested parties. BGS has access to the data at cost of copying only for science budget work. Data index on the BGS Geoscience Data Index.

UK sand and gravel database
The UK Sand and Gravel Database was compiled during the production of the Industrial Mineral Assessment Reports. The Department of the Environment commissioned this Report series from the British Geological Survey. Data collection extended from the first IMAU report in 1969 to the last report in 1990. The dataset is complete and is derived from reports with some additional boreholes that were never published. Standard procedures were adopted for whole project. Each report studied the sand and gravel resources of an area of between one hundred and two hundred square kilometres. Specially commissioned boreholes on a one kilometre grid basis were used in conjunction with existing geological knowledge to make a resource level assessment of the volume and quality of sand and gravel resource available. A total of 12,563 boreholes were drilled, 53,721 Lithological units described and 54,128 samples collected and graded. This information is presented in the appendixes of the individual reports and as a single database. Data collection is complete. Only factual corrections to the data are occasionally made. The dataset includes the borehole location, total depth, unit thickness, unit lithologies, and grading information.

UK Sustainable Development Goal 6.6.1: groundwater sub-indicator (1990-2019)
The dataset consists of data for the UK for the Sustainable Development Goal 6.6.1: groundwater sub-indicator for the period 1990 to 2019. The dataset reports for the UK against Sub-Indicator 5 of Goal 6.6.1, following the recommended procedures in the UNEP report on monitoring methodologies for that sub-indicator. The sub-indicator is defined as the change in mean groundwater levels, averaged over a five-year period, from a mean in levels over a previous five-year reference period. Groundwater level data was obtained from BGS’ WellMaster database. 192 groundwater level monitoring stations were processed and, following quality control, 154 were used to provide estimates of regional variation in groundwater levels for 19 of the 34 HydroBASINS at Level 6 in Great Britain and Northern Ireland. As required by the guidance in the monitoring methodology, the sites chosen are representative of local and regional groundwater systems and are observation and monitoring boreholes where groundwater levels are not systematically affected by abstraction. All sites chosen have average monitoring frequencies of greater than one observation a month. The dataset is provided as a .csv file with the following headers: Column A: HYBAS_ID, HydroBASIN unique identification number. Column B: reference period (1990 to 1994). Columns C to AA: reporting periods (five-year periods starting in 1991) with data reported as percentage change (relative to reference period) in running mean five-year groundwater level by HydroBasin.

UKCCSRC 2018: Report and data resulting from the UKCCSRC project 'Optimising methanol production from steel manufacture off-gases'
Two categories of data are presented: 1) Experimental data of catalyst performance under conditions for a Blast Furnace Gas (BFG) to methanol to process, comprising the monitored gas phase species evolution in a single channel micro reactor. 2) Process simulation and techno-economic analysis of the BFG-to-methanol process, comprising Aspen Plus V10 anotated process flowsheet, process model summary, stream results, reactor performances and cost analysis calculation. Funded by UKCCSRC 2018 Flexible Funding Call

UKCCSRC 2020: Cucurbit[5]uril-Incorporated Photocatalytic Membrane for Carbon Capture and Utilisation (IPM4CCU)
The dataset contains experimental data of the preparation of a photocatalytic membrane and its application in CO2 capture and utilization. The experiments were carried out in the Tang’s and Lan’s groups at the Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London during June-November 2020. Specifically, the data shows the preparation of cucurbit[6]uril and copper oxide which were empolyerd to prepare the photocatalytic membrane together with functional polymers. Preliminary results of the photocatalytic membrane for CO2 capture and utilization were also included. Funded by UKCCSRC 2020 Flexible Funding Call.

UKCCSRC 2020: Electrical Capacitance Tomography and Temperature profiles data for the experiment of CO2 frost formation during cryogenic carbon capture with tomography analysis at The University of Chester 2020
A dataset is presented for defining real-time CO2 frost formation in a vertical packed column. ECT could estimate the internal permittivity distribution of the sensing area through boundary measurements. The ECT system used in this work includes sensors, data acquisition system and a computer with imaging software. The excitation signal is a sine wave with 14 Vp-p and 200k Hz frequency. One measurement electrode is chosen for excitation; other electrodes are used to acquire the signal separately. The frame rate of the ECT system is 714 frames per second. The temperature of the bed material is recorded using thermocouples and data loggers, the thermocouples are inserted into the capture column from the top of the column and are adjusted to an appropriate height above the horizontal mixed gas injector. Using the thermocouples above and below the ECT sensor helped to estimate when frost formation would be occurring within the region of bed material that the ECT sensor was measuring. The presence of this plateau in the temperature profiles identifies that CO2 frost is forming within the bed and has reached an equilibrium. We include data of ECT capacitance and temperature during the whole progress. It was found that the temperature, packing material and component of mixer gas all effect the ECT measurement. This dataset could be used to withstand extreme low temperature conditions or in desublimation processes, and its potential application to decarbonise the marine transport is significant to avoid costs if using new infrastructure for ammonia or hydrogen manufacture. Our results indicate that ECT has potential to be a novel technique for monitoring dynamic CO2 frost formation during cryogenic carbon capture. The associated report is included in the data too. Accompanying paper: Preliminary study of CO2 frost formation during cryogenic carbon capture using tomography analysis - ScienceDirect, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.125271.

UKCCSRC Call 1 Project (C1-27) - 'Experimental investigation with PACT facility and CFD modelling of oxy-coal combustion on recycling real flue gas and vent gas of compression and purification units' - Methodologies and Data

UKCCSRC Call 1 project blog: Flexible CCS Network Development, Update, 06.03.14
This is a blog (Update, 06.03.14) on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Flexible CCS Network Development. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-40.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project blog: Flexible CCS Network Development, Workshop1, 30.04.14
This is a blog (Workshop1, 30.04.14) on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Flexible CCS Network Development. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-40.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project blog: Mixed Matrix Membrane Preparation for PCC, Update, 22.01.14
This is a blog (Update, 22.01.14) on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Mixed Matrix Membrane Preparation for PCC. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-36.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project blog: Multi-Phase Flow Modelling for Hazardous Assessment, Final, 18.11.14
This is a blog (Final, 18.11.14) on the UKCCSRC (UK Carbon Capture and Storage Research Centre) Call 1 project, Multi-Phase Flow Modelling for Hazardous Assessment. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-07.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project blog: Oxyfuel and EGR Processes in GT Combustion, Final, 01.08.14
This is a blog (Final, 01.08.14) on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Oxyfuel and EGR Processes in GT Combustion. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-26.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project blog: Oxyfuel and EGR Processes in GT Combustion, Update, 01.11.13
This is a blog (Update, 01.11.13) on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Oxyfuel and EGR Processes in GT Combustion. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-26.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project blog: Tractable Equation of State for CO2 Mixtures, Update, 27.08.14
This is a blog (Update, 27.08.14) on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Tractable Equation of State for CO2 Mixtures. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-22.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project data: Atmospheric burner tests 2014
Atmospheric Burner Tests With Oxygen, Nitrogen And Carbon Dioxide. Excel File. Testing undertaken May / June 2014. Data used is detailed in report: Oxyfuel And Exhaust Gas Recirculation Processes In Gas Turbine Combustion For Improved Carbon Capture Performance. August 2014. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-26.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project data: CO2 equation of state software
CO2 equation of state software from UKCCSRC project: Tractable equations of state for CO2 mixtures in CCS: Algorithms for automated generation and optimisation, tailored to end-users and tutorial presentation to support equation of state software. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-22.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project data: HPCR Oxyfuel Testing with CO2 Aug 2014
Pressurised Large Scale Generic Burner Tests With Oxygen, Air And Carbon Dioxide. Excel File. Testing Undertaken August 2014. Data Used Is Detailed In Report: Oxyfuel And Exhaust Gas Recirculation Processes In Gas Turbine Combustion For Improved Carbon Capture Performance. Final Report Including Combustion Testing Results. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-26.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project data: Phase 1 data thermal oxygen
Data associated with the UKCCSRC thermal oxygen project - UKCCSRC-1-39, including rig design, reactor and burner design diagrams, heat transfer calculations for thermal oxygen, CuO-AI2O3 particles preparation procedure document, etc. Data is restricted.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project data: Results of a consultation with QICS researchers
The NERC-funded QICS controlled CO2 release experiment (located offshore Oban, Scotland) mimics the formation of a new CO2 seep in the marine environment. At the site, CO2 is injected at an onshore wellhead, and a stainless steel pipe transports the CO2 under the seabed. Approximately 350 m offshore, the CO2 is released through a perforated screen into the 12 metres of overlying marine sediment, which is at approximately 10 metres water depth. During spring/summer 2012, 4.2 tonnes of CO2 was released at the QICS experimental site. In order to establish stakeholder views on the research priorities for the site, consultations for three 'audiences' were performed via online questionnaires. These 'audiences' were: 1. QICS research community: Researchers actively involved in the QICS project were asked to complete an online questionnaire. The questionnaire aimed to gather participants' reflections of the QICS CO2 injection experiment in Summer 2012, and also to consult on the scientific priorities for possible future activity at the site. 2. CCS (storage) research community: The international CCS research community (specifically, researchers working on aspects of CO2 storage) were consulted via an online questionnaire distributed by the IEAGHG storage network mailing list in June 2013. The survey aimed to gather their reflections of the QICS project, and to consult on the scientific priorities for possible future activity at the site. The survey had 24 respondents with a broad range of expertise and representing both industry and research organisations from 10 countries. 3. Technology industry: Technology industries were consulted via an online questionnaire. The survey aimed to gather consult on the scientific priorities for science and technology development at possible future activity at the site, and also to scope potential interest from technology developers. For each of these consultations there is a report (presenting a synthesis of the survey responses) and also the dataset for all three surveys. All of these files are confidential. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-31.

UKCCSRC Call 1 Project final report: Oxyfuel and exhaust gas recirculation processes in gas turbine combustion for improved carbon capture performance
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project Oxyfuel and exhaust gas recirculation processes in gas turbine combustion for improved carbon capture performance was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-26. This research is concerned with oxyfuel combustion in gas turbine applications, in particular concentrating on the use of modern swirl-stabilised burners. Oxyfuel is considered a particularly challenging idea, since the resultant burning velocity and flame temperatures will be significantly higher than what might be deemed as a practical or workable technology. For this reason it is widely accepted that EGR-derived CO2 will be used as a diluent and moderator for the reaction (in essence replacing the role of atmospheric nitrogen). The key challenges in developing oxyfuel gas turbine technology are therefore: • Flame stability at high temperatures and burning rates. • The use of CO2 as a combustion diluent. • Potential for CO emission into the capture plant. • Wide or variable operating envelopes across diluent concentrations. • Differences in the properties of N2 and CO2 giving rise to previously unmeasured flame heat release locations.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project paper: Carbon dioxide storage in the Captain Sandstone aquifer: determination of in situ stresses and fault-stability analysis
Peer reviewed paper published in the journal Petroleum Geoscience - the paper describes work carried-out on behalf of the 'Fault seal controls on CO2 storage capacity in aquifers' project funded by the UKCCS Research Centre, grant number UKCCSRC-C1-14. The geomechanical stability of faults affecting the Captain Sandstone and its overburden in the Inner Moray Firth region is investigated in terms of the ability of the faulted reservoir to safely store CO2. Also available online at http://pg.lyellcollection.org/content/22/3/211.full.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project paper: Enhanced operating flexibility and optimised off-design operation of coal plants with post-combustion capture
The inherent nature of electricity necessitates a permanent balance between generation and demand in electricity systems. This has obvious implications for the operation of CCS power plants in decarbonised electricity systems with inflexible nuclear and variable renewable supply. The low variable costs of nuclear and some intermittent renewable technology allow them to run as base-load generators and shift fossil fuel plants from base-load to midmerit plants. CCS power plants can be expected to increasingly operate in ways to balance variations, sometimes simultaneously, in the production of some intermittent renewable technologies and variations in electricity demand, resulting in more frequent ramping and start/stop cycles. As a result, they may also operate over a wide output range to maintain the quality and security of electricity supply by providing ancillary services, e.g. capacity and energy reserve, to the electricity network. This work characterises the operating envelope, the performance and the corresponding compressed CO2 flow of coal power plants for a range of loads, with or without voluntary by-pass of the capture unit. Optimised part-load operating strategies provide novel insights into the additional capabilities of CCS power plants specifically designed for enhanced operating flexibility. The paper is available at DOI: doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2014.11.786.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project paper: Modelling the non-equilibrium two-phase flow during depressurisation of CO2 pipelines
This UKCCSRC (UK Carbon Capture and Storage Research Centre) Call 1 project involved the development, testing and validation of a two-fluid transient flow model for simulating outflow following the failure of high pressure CO2 pipelines is presented. The project made use of experimental data and used experimental data available from other UK/EC funded projects. The model developed accounts for thermal and mechanical non-equilibrium effects during depressurisation by utilising simple constitutive relations describing inter-phase mass, heat and momentum transfer in terms of relaxation to equilibrium. Pipe wall/fluid heat exchange on the other hand is modelled by coupling the fluid model with a finite difference transient heat conduction model. This paper describes the model, the details of its numerical solution and its validation as well as parametric analysis of relevant parameters. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.08.013. UKCCSRC grant UKCCSRC-C1-07.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project paper: Operational flexibility options in power plants 1 with integrated post-combustion capture
Flexibility in power plants with amine based carbon dioxide (CO2) capture is identified in the literature as a way of improving power plant revenues. Despite the prior art, the value of flexibility in power plants with CO2 capture as a way to improve power plant revenues is still unclear. Most studies are based on simplifying assumptions about the capabilities of power plants to operate at part load and to regenerate additional solvent after interim storage of solvent. This work addresses this gap by examining the operational flexibility of coal power plants with amine based CO2 capture, using a rigorous fully integrated model. The part-load performance, with capture and compression bypass, and with interim solvent storage with delayed regeneration, of two coal power plant configurations designed for base load operation with capture, and with the ability to fully bypass capture, is reported. With advanced integration options, including boiler sliding pressure control, uncontrolled steam extraction with a floating crossover pressure, constant stripper pressure operation and compressor inlet guide vanes, a significant reduction of the electricity output penalty at 50% fuel input is observed, from 458 kWh/tCO2 to 345 kWh/tCO2, compared to a reduction from 361 to 342 kWh/tCO2 at 100% fuel input. Advanced integration options for improved part-load allow for maximum additional solvent regeneration, although to a lower magnitude than conventional integration options. The latter can maintain CO2 flow export within 10% of maximum flow across 30% to 78% of MCR (Maximum continuous rating). One hour of interim solvent storage at 100% MCR is evaluated to be optimally regenerated in 4 hrs at 55%MCR, and 3 hours at 30% MCR, providing rigorously validated useful guidelines for the increasing number of techno-economic studies on power plant flexibility, and CO2 flow profiles for further studies on integrated CO2 networks. The paper is available at DOI: doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2016.01.027.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: 3D Mapping of Large-Scale Subsurface Flow Pathways using Nanoseismic Monitoring, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project 3D Mapping of Large-Scale Subsurface Flow Pathways using Nanoseismic Monitoring was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-19. Injection of fluids into geological formations induces microseismic events due to pressure changes causing either opening mode or shear mode fracturing. Injection for CO2 storage is designed to be well below the pressures required for hydraulic fracturing. Due to the inherent heterogeneity of geological formations, some existing structures will be critically stressed so small microseismic events are inevitable. Current reservoir monitoring strategies either examine time-lapse variations in the rock’s elastic properties (4D seismic) over diffuse areas, or aim to detect leakage from diffuse and point sources at the seabed (e.g. the QICS project). The aim of the project is twofold: • test the potential of a new technology (nanoseismics) for passive seismic monitoring that aims to image focused flow pathways at depth of an active CO2 injection site: the Aquistore site, Canada; • use a multi-disciplinary approach to interpret passive seismic data sets obtained during operation of the same site.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Bio-CAP-UK: Air/oxy biomass combustion with CO2 capture technology, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project Bio-CAP-UK: Air/oxy biomass combustion with CO2 capture technology was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-38. Bio-CCS - bioenergy with carbon capture and storage - has the ability to achieve potential net negative CO2 emissions, vital for meeting legally binding and increasingly stringent emission targets and carbon budgets. Bio-CCS has a large and distinct potential for significantly lowering CO2 emissions from energy production; thus the key messages from this programme will have clear policy implications on decarbonisation strategies. The Bio-CAP-UK project aims to accelerate progress towards achieving operational excellence for flexible, efficient and environmentally sustainable bio-CCS thermal power plants by developing and assessing fundamental knowledge. This is being achieved through extensive multi-scale experimental work, including bench and pilot-plant tests, combined with system simulations, techno-economic analysis and life cycle studies. The programme focuses on comparing air-firing coupled with post-combustion carbon capture to oxy-fuel combustion.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: CO2 storage in Palaeogene and Neogene hydrogeological systems of the North Sea, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project CO2 storage in Palaeogene and Neogene hydrogeological systems of the North Sea: preparation of an IODP scientific drilling bid was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-30. The North Sea Basin (NSB) is considered to be suitable for commercial-scale CO2 storage, due to its favourable geological setting, its proximity to sources, and pioneering operational experience storing CO2 at the Sleipner injection site. The shallow Neogene and Quaternary sediments of the NSB form the overburden and seal to these underlying CO2 reservoirs but are under-researched, even though the NSB is a mature petroleum system, penetrated by many thousands of wells. Quaternary sediments, up to 1000 metres thick, are in general bypassed to reach the deeper, profitable hydrocarbon resources. UKCCSRC and CLIMIT programme funded scientific, governmental and industrial partners from the UK and Norway to collaborate with the purpose of submitting a proposal to the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) for scientific drilling to investigate the overburden to CO2 storage strata.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Determination of water Solubility in CO2 Mixtures, Cambridge Biannual, 02.04.14
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Determination of water Solubility in CO2 Mixtures, was presented at the Cambridge Biannual, 02.04.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-21.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Determination of water Solubility in CO2 Mixtures, Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Determination of water Solubility in CO2 Mixtures, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-21.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Determination of water Solubility in CO2 Mixtures, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project Determination of water solubility limits in CO2 mixtures to deliver water specification levels for CO2 transportation was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-21. Studies of the phase behaviour and water solubility of pure and impure CO2 are of great relevance to the transport phase of the carbon capture and storage (CCS) process. For transport through carbon steel pipelines, CO2 and any impurities present must be present as a single phase to avoid corrosion, and subsequent loss of pipeline integrity. Trace impurities such as H2 and N2 have been shown to alter the phase behaviour of the CO2 at high pressure. Understanding the effect of these impurities on the solubility of H2O in CO2 is vital to confirm the safety and viability of CO2 transport through carbon steel pipelines.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Experimental investigation and CFD modelling of oxy-coal combustion, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project Experimental investigation with PACT facility and CFD modelling of oxy-coal combustion with recycling real flue gas was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-27. Oxy-coal combustion technology has gained confidence and maturity especially within the last decade (Santos S. 2012) compared to the much earlier studies (Kimura et al., 1995; Wang et al., 1988). However, there are still a number of research challenges associated with flue gas recycling, gas clean-up and plant scale tools and models. Flue gas recycling affects the purity of CO2, oxygen mixing, and ignition of coal particles and flame stability. There is lack of experimental data with real flue gas recycling or treated vent gas recycling, which is one of the available options to achieve the target of zero emissions (Hack et al., 2011), at pilot-scale for the validation of CFD models. The project focuses on the following tasks: • Experimental investigation of oxy-coal combustion, ignition and flame stability with the 250kWth PACT Oxy-Coal Combustion furnace with real and simulated flue gas recycling • Experimental investigation of oxy-coal combustion ignition and flame stability with a laboratory visual drop tube furnace • CFD simulation of the 250kWth PACT Oxy-coal combustion furnace.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Experimental investigation and CFD modelling of oxy-coal combustion, Sheffield Biannual, 08.04.13
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Experimental investigation and CFD modelling of oxy-coal combustion, was presented at the Sheffield Biannual, 08.04.13. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-27.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Fault Seal Controls on Aquifer CO2 Storage Capacity, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project Fault Seal Controls on Aquifer CO2 Storage Capacity was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-14. Structural traps for storage of supercritical CO2 will commonly rely on a component of fault seal. Faults are among the most important natural potential migration pathways for buoyant fluids stored in reservoir rocks. Failure of storage integrity may occur either by mechanical failure or by flow across faults due to geometric juxtaposition of the reservoir against similarly permeable rocks and/or lack of a low permeability fault gouge. This project aimed to reduce uncertainty relating to the sealing capacity of faults affecting prospective North Sea saline aquifers, by: • Studying the controls on fault seal capability in naturally-occurring fault-bound CO2 accumulations (Fizzy and Oak), • Assessing the geomechanical stability of faults affecting an important saline aquifer offshore UK (Captain Sandstone), • Investigating the characteristics of apparently hydraulically-conductive faults in the North Sea (Netherlands).

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Fault seal controls on storage capacity, Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15
This poster was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-14. The data consists of a poster presented at the UKCCSRC biannual meeting in Cranfield, April 20th 2015. The poster describes an overview of work carried-out on behalf of the 'Fault seal controls on CO2 storage capacity in aquifers' project funded by the UKCCS Research Centre, grant number UKCCSRC-C1-14. Three main work strands are briefly described: 1) The Captain Sandstone aquifer is studied for the geomechanical integrity of faults, 2) Shallow gas accumulations in the Netherlands sector of the Southern North Sea provide an opportunity to study their coincidence with faulting while commonalities in the nature of the faults provide an indication of factors that might lead to fault leakage in CO2 storage sites. 3) The Fizzy gas field which is naturally rich in CO2 is studied for its fault seal potential as a natural analogue for fault-bounded storage sites.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Flexible CCS Network Development (FleCCSnet), CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project Flexible CCS Network Development (FleCCSnet) was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-40. The aim of the project was to carry out research to enable the production of design and operating guidelines for CCS pipeline networks in order that these networks can react effectively to short, medium and long term variations in the availability and flow of CO2 from capture plants and also to the constraints imposed on the system by the ability (or otherwise) of CO2 storage facilities to accept variable flow. The amount of CO2 captured at a power station is expected to become more variable in the future as the electricity grid brings in more and more intermittent renewable energy (meaning a conventional power station is temporarily not needed or in reduced operation as the renewable energy takes precedent). The storage site will also face periods of maintenance which will impose constraints on the flow into the store and it is also important to look at the case of upset conditions in order to be able to predict any potential problems. Solutions to these all these issues need to be factored into the design of the CCS network, the focus of the project was to identify the issues surrounding flexibility and explore some of them.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Flexible CCS Network Development, Cambridge Biannual, 02.04.14
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Flexible CCS Network Development, was presented at the Cambridge Biannual, 02.04.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-40.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Flexible CCS Network Development, Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Flexible CCS Network Development, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-40.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Chemical Looping for low-cost Oxygen Production, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project Chemical looping for low-cost oxygen production and other applications was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-39. The project is based on the concept of CLOU (chemical looping oxygen uncoupling). Various forms of chemical looping are possible with different degrees of integration between the oxygen release and the thermal energy production cycles. • Most of the CLC and CLOU processes proposed thus far are conducted in a fluidised bed reactor encountering problems of contamination of the oxygen carrier and fuel leakage. • The project has designed a hybrid form of chemical looping that achieves the optimal degree of integration of oxygen release and thermal energy production. • The need for intimate contact between the oxygen carrier and the solid fuel is also avoided.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Chemical Looping for low-cost Oxygen Production, Sheffield Biannual, 08.04.13
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Chemical Looping for low-cost Oxygen Production, was presented at the Sheffield Biannual, 08.04.13. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-39.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Mixed Matrix Membrane Preparation for PCC, Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Mixed Matrix Membrane Preparation for PCC, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-36.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Mixed Matrix Membrane Preparation for PCC, Nottingham Biannual, 04.09.13
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Mixed Matrix Membrane Preparation for PCC, was presented at the Nottingham Biannual, 04.09.13. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-36.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Mixed Matrix Membrane Preparation for PCC, Sheffield Biannual, 8.04.13
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Mixed Matrix Membrane Preparation for PCC, was presented at the Sheffield Biannual, 8.04.13. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-36.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Mixed matrix membranes for post-combustion carbon capture, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project Mixed matrix membranes for post-combustion carbon capture was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-19. • This work aims to develop an understanding of the gas transport mechanisms within mixed matrix membranes focussing on membranes for post-combustion carbon capture. • Separation of carbon dioxide from combustion flue gases using selective membranes shows promise to be a low energy carbon capture option and is proven as a commercially viable gas separation technology. • Membranes potentially offer significant energy savings over the currently more developed amine-based absorption technologies. • Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) are composite materials comprised of particulate fillers in a polymeric matrix. • Polymer membranes exhibit a trade-off between permeability and selectivity. By adding fillers the gas separation properties of the membrane can be altered and improved. • MMMs are fabricated from various materials and the gas permeation properties tested such that the interaction of phases can be investigated.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Multi-Phase Flow Modelling for Hazardous Assessment, Cambridge Biannual, 02.04.14
This poster on the UKCCSRC (UK Carbon Capture and Storage Research Centre) Call 1 project, Multi-Phase Flow Modelling for Hazardous Assessment, was presented at the Cambridge Biannual, 02.04.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-07.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Multi-Phase Flow Modelling for Hazardous Assessment, Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15
This poster on the UKCCSRC (UK Carbon Capture and Storage Research Centre) Call 1 project, Multi-Phase Flow Modelling for Hazardous Assessment, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-07.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Multi-Phase Flow Modelling for Hazardous Assessment, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project Multiphase flow modelling for hazard assessment of dense phase CO2 pipelines containing impurities was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-07. The aim of the project is to develop and validate experimentally a heterogeneous flow model for predicting the transient depressurisation and outflow following the puncture of dense-phase CO2 pipelines containing typical impurities. Given that CO2 is an asphyxiant at high concentrations, this information is pivotal to assessing all the hazard consequences associated with CO2 pipeline failure, including fracture propagation behaviour, atmospheric dispersion, emergency shutdown valve dynamics and emergency blowdown.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Nano-seismic mapping at Aquistore, Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Nano-seismic mapping at Aquistore, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-19.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: North Sea aquifer mapping, Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, North Sea aquifer mapping, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-30.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Oxyfuel and EGR Processes in GT Combustion, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project Oxyfuel and exhaust gas recirculation processes in gas turbine combustion for improved carbon capture performance was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-26. This research is concerned with oxyfuel combustion in gas turbine applications, in particular concentrating on the use of modern swirl-stabilised burners. Oxyfuel is considered a particularly challenging idea, since the resultant burning velocity and flame temperatures will be significantly higher than what might be deemed as a practical or workable technology. For this reason it is widely accepted that EGR-derived CO2 will be used as a diluent and moderator for the reaction (in essence replacing the role of atmospheric nitrogen). The key challenges in developing oxyfuel gas turbine technology are therefore: • Flame stability at high temperatures and burning rates. • The use of CO2 as a combustion diluent. • Potential for CO emission into the capture plant. • Wide or variable operating envelopes across diluent concentrations. • Differences in the properties of N2 and CO2 giving rise to previously unmeasured flame heat release locations.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Oxyfuel and EGR Processes in GT Combustion, Nottingham Biannual, 04.08.13
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Oxyfuel and EGR Processes in GT Combustion, was presented at the Nottingham Biannual, 04.08.13. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-26.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Oxyfuel and EGR Processes in GT Combustion, Sheffield Biannual, 08.04.13
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Oxyfuel and EGR Processes in GT Combustion, was presented at the Sheffield Biannual, 08.04.13. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-26.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: QICS2 Scoping: Exploring the Viability and Scientific Opportunities of a Follow-On Project, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project QICS2 Scoping Project: Exploring the Viability and Scientific Opportunities of a Follow-On Marine Impact Project was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-31. The world's first sub-seabed CO2 release experiment was completed in 2014, offshore from Oban (Scotland). The project, known as QICS (Quantifying and Monitoring Potential Ecosystem Impacts of Geological Storage), mimicked the formation of a small-scale CO2 leak into sediments near the seabed. In 2012, CO2 was continuously injected into the sediments for 37 days, releasing a total of 4.2 tonnes of CO2. The QICS1 experiment was first of its kind, and was highly successful, enabling: i. field testing of monitoring technologies to detect CO2 against a measured baseline ii. assessment of environmental and ecosystem impacts of leaked CO2 (within the sediment and water column) iii. the flow and fate of CO2 in sediments, and dispersion and dilution of CO2 in seawater, to be explored.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Tractable Equation of State for CO2 Mixtures, Cambridge Biannual, 02.04.14
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Tractable Equation of State for CO2 Mixtures, was presented at the Cambridge Biannual, 02.04.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-22.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Tractable Equation of State for CO2 Mixtures, Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Tractable Equation of State for CO2 Mixtures, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-22.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: Tractable equations of state for CO2 mixtures in CCS, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project Tractable equations of state for CO2 mixtures in CCS was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-22. A potential bottle-neck for CCS is the transport of CO2 from power plants to the storage location, by pipeline. Key to safe and inexpensive transport is a detailed understanding of the physical properties of carbon dioxide. However, no gas separation process is 100% efficient, and the resulting carbon dioxide contains a number of different impurities. These impurities can greatly influence the physical properties of the fluid compared to pure CO2. They have important design, safety and cost implications for the compression and transport of carbon dioxide. This project aimed to develop new methods to produce custom models (equations of state) for impure CO2 behaviour for CCS.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project poster: UK Bio-CCS CAP, Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, UK Bio-CCS CAP, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-38.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project posters and presentations: Mixed matrix membranes preparation for post combustion carbon capture (Mar 2013 to Dec 2015)
Posters and presentations from the UKCCSRC Call 1 Project: Mixed matrix membranes for post combustion carbon capture (Mar 2013 to Dec 2015). Membrane processes are a promising alternative to the more classical post-combustion capture technologies due to the reduced maintenance of the process, the absence of dangerous solvents and their smaller footprint. This project aims at supporting the development of new mixed matrix membranes for post-combustion applications. Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) are composite materials formed by embedding inorganic fillers into a polymeric matrix in order to overcome the upper bound and combine the characteristics of the two solid phases: mechanical properties, economical processing capabilities and permeability of the polymer and selectivity of the filler. Despite several studies on the concept, the interactions between the two phases and their effect on the transport properties are not well understood. Yet, this fundamental knowledge is crucial in order to design the reliable materials needed for real-world-applications.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation and video: UK Bio-CSS CAP, SUPERGEN Bioenergy Hub Annual Assembly 2014, 5/11/2014, Birmingham
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, UK Bio-CCS CAP, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-38. Video available at https://vimeo.com/111747716.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation: 3D Mapping of Large-Scale Subsurface Flow Pathways using Nanoseismic Monitoring, UKCCSRC Manchester Biannual, 13.04.2016
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project 3D Mapping of Large-Scale Subsurface Flow Pathways using Nanoseismic Monitoring was presented at the UKCCSRC Manchester Biannual Meeting, 13.04.2016. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-19.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation: Bio-CAP-UK: Air/oxy biomass combustion with CO2 capture technology, UKCCSRC Manchester Biannual Meeting, 13.04.2016
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, UK Bio-CCS CAP, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-38.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation: Determination of water Solubility in CO2 Mixtures, Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Determination of water Solubility in CO2 Mixtures, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-21.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation: Experimental investigation and CFD modelling of oxy-coal combustion, Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Experimental investigation and CFD modelling of oxy-coal combustion, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-27.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation: Fault seal controls on storage capacity, Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15
The data consists of a presentation presented at the UKCCSRC biannual meeting in Cranfield, April 20th 2015. The presentation describes an overview of work carried-out on behalf of the 'Fault seal controls on CO2 storage capacity in aquifers' project funded by the UKCCS Research Centre, grant number UKCCSRC-C1-14. Three main work strands are briefly described: 1) The Captain Sandstone aquifer is studied for the geomechanical integrity of faults, 2) Shallow gas accumulations in the Netherlands sector of the Southern North Sea provide an opportunity to study their coincidence with faulting while commonalities in the nature of the faults provide an indication of factors that might lead to fault leakage in CO2 storage sites. 3) The Fizzy gas field which is naturally rich in CO2 is studied for its fault seal potential as a natural analogue for fault-bounded storage sites.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation: Flexible CCS Network Development, Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Flexible CCS Network Development, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-40.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation: Flexible CCS Network Development, Workshop1, 30.04.14
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Flexible CCS Network Development, was presented at the Workshop1, 30.04.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-40.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation: Flexible CCS Network Development, Workshop1ES, 30.04.14
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Flexible CCS Network Development, was presented at the Workshop1ES, 30.04.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-40.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation: Chemical Looping for low-cost Oxygen Production, Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Chemical Looping for low-cost Oxygen Production, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-39.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation: Mixed Matrix Membrane Preparation for PCC, Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Mixed Matrix Membrane Preparation for PCC, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-36.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation: Mixed Matrix Membranes for Post-Combustion Carbon Capture, UKCCSRC Edinburgh Biannual Meeting, 15.09.2016
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project Mixed Matrix Membranes for Post-Combustion Carbon Capture was presented at the UKCCSRC Edinburgh Biannual Meeting, 15.09.2016. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-36.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation: Multi-Phase Flow Modelling for Hazardous Assessment, Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15
This presentation on the UKCCSRC (UK Carbon Capture and Storage Research Centre) Call 1 project, Multi-Phase Flow Modelling for Hazardous Assessment, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-07.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation: North Sea aquifer mapping, Cambridge Biannual, 02.04.14
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, North Sea aquifer mapping, was presented at the Cambridge Biannual, 02.04.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-30.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation: North Sea aquifer mapping, Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, North Sea aquifer mapping, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-30.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation: North Sea aquifer mapping, Cranfield BiannualIAP, 22.04.15
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, North Sea aquifer mapping, was presented at the Cranfield BiannualIAP, 22.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-30.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation: Oxyfuel and EGR Processes in GT Combustion, Cardiff Biannual, 11.09.15
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Oxyfuel and EGR Processes in GT Combustion, was presented at the Cardiff Biannual, 11.09.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-26.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation: Oxyfuel and EGR Processes in GT Combustion, Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Oxyfuel and EGR Processes in GT Combustion, was presented at the GasCCS, 25.06.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-26.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation: Oxyfuel and EGR Processes in GT Combustion, GasCCS, 25.06.14
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Oxyfuel and EGR Processes in GT Combustion, was presented at the GasCCS, 25.06.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-26.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation: Tractable Equation of State for CO2 Mixtures, Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, Tractable Equation of State for CO2 Mixtures, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-22.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentation: UK Bio-CCS CAP, Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 1 project, UK Bio-CCS CAP, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 22.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-38.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project presentations: Mixed matrix membranes preparation for post combustion carbon capture (Jul 2015 to Jun 2016)
Posters and presentations from the UKCCSRC Call 1 Project: Mixed matrix membranes for post combustion carbon capture (Mar 2013 to Dec 2015). Membrane processes are a promising alternative to the more classical post-combustion capture technologies due to the reduced maintenance of the process, the absence of dangerous solvents and their smaller footprint. This project aims at supporting the development of new mixed matrix membranes for post-combustion applications. Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) are composite materials formed by embedding inorganic fillers into a polymeric matrix in order to overcome the upper bound and combine the characteristics of the two solid phases: mechanical properties, economical processing capabilities and permeability of the polymer and selectivity of the filler. Despite several studies on the concept, the interactions between the two phases and their effect on the transport properties are not well understood. Yet, this fundamental knowledge is crucial in order to design the reliable materials needed for real-world-applications.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project report: Chemical looping for low-cost oxygen and other applications. Part I (open access)
There were a number of aims of this project - to develop initial flowsheets and designs for CLC with oxygen uncoupling; to model and design reactors; and to produce and test a variety of novel materials for CLC with oxygen uncoupling. The project has succeeded in a number of aims; to develop and test materials (Cambridge), to conduct an initial test of CLC with oxygen uncoupling (the first at scale in the UK, conducted at Cranfield, and the major stated aim of the project - see Figure 2-13), and to model and develop a novel reactor for CLC with oxygen uncoupling (Imperial). Overall, these aspects exceeded the initial project brief. Initial time-dependent flowsheets were developed at Cambridge for CLC processes - unfortunately key staff loss led to a significant hiatus in the activity. Industrial reviewing was limited because of the challenges in developing the flowsheeting activity.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project report: Chemical looping for low cost oxygen production and other applications. Part II (restricted)
Imperial College has modelled and designed from first principles a counter-flow thermal oxygen reactor using CuO (MnO) based particles as an oxygen carrier, for replacing the burner in conventional coal fire power plant. The length of the reactor depends on the required falling distance for CuO particles to heat up and complete the decomposition. Initial calculations indicated that this was higher than hoped (500 mm). The design is being optimised. A prototype burner has been built and tested according to the design. After intense tests and some modifications on the prototype, we managed to show some encouraging results as a proof of concept. It is demonstrated that under the current design, there is strong evidence that the particles exhibited sufficiently fast kinetics to release the required oxygen to support complete combustion of propane fuel in an initially sub-stoichiometric flame. The results have led to the construction of a second version of the burner, with improved designed, and a more powerful surface mixed burner capable of much higher heat duty than the current one. The new version of the burner will be tested during the next few months. Part II of the report is restricted and not available for download.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project report: Technology review - Chemical tracers for CCS: An investigation of potential chemical tracer applications at QICS
This report has been superseded by the paper: Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-31. The NERC-funded QICS controlled CO2 release experiment (located offshore Oban, Scotland) mimics the formation of a new CO2 seep in the marine environment. At the site, CO2 is injected at an onshore well head, and a stainless steel pipe transports the CO2 under the seabed. Approximately 350 m offshore, the CO2 is released through a perforated screen into the 12 metres of overlying marine sediment, which is at approximately 10 metres water depth. During spring/summer 2012, 4.2 tonnes of CO2 was released at the QICS experimental site. A key element of risk assessment for the subsurface storage of CO2 is the monitoring of leaks from the subsurface in to the marine or terrestrial environments via sediments and soils. Chemical 'fingerprinting' of injected CO2 is widely considered a low cost, highly effective monitoring option, since effective application of tracers in CCS could provide information on (i) the movement, interaction and fate of injected CO2 in the subsurface and (ii) the detection (and quantification) of CO2 that has leaked from the storage complex to the surface. There is a need to develop geochemical techniques to differentiate between CO2 from natural processes, and the QICS site may provide excellent opportunity to trial geochemical tracers. This work aims to determine which chemical tracers are most suitable for CO2 tracing at the QICS facility and the research questions that tracer application can address. As such, this report includes: i. A review of current potential chemical tracers for CCS and their applications. ii. An analysis and comparison of costs, availability, environmental impact and detection limits for potential tracers. iii. An assessment of the above in the context of QICS (i.e: considering the CO2 will be released from the seabed (having passed from dense to gas phase), and having passed through water saturated sediment of the seabed, and into the water column. iv. An overview of the legal considerations for tracers in the UK. v. The injection method for tracers at the QICS site. vi. Required strategies for sampling the selected tracer. vii. Identify knowledge gaps in tracer studies which experiments at the QICS site could address.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project report: Technology review - laboratory experiments investigating the leakage of geologically stored CO2
This review details the laboratory experiments that have investigated leakage of geologically stored CO2 (as of June 2013). These experiments have covered a range of leakage factors. Knowledge of these factors can both compliment and help inform any future experiments at the QICS site. As such, the report details what experiments have been performed in the lab to date, how lab experiments can inform QICS and how QICS could inform laboratory experiments. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-31.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project report: Technology review - Marine geolocation technology
The NERC-funded QICS controlled CO2 release experiment (located offshore Oban, Scotland) mimics the formation of a new CO2 seep in the marine environment. At the site, CO2 is injected at an onshore well head, and a stainless steel pipe transports the CO2 under the seabed. Approximately 350 m offshore, the CO2 is released through a perforated screen into the 12 metres of overlying marine sediment, which is at approximately 10 metres water depth. During spring/summer 2012, 4.2 tonnes of CO2 was released at the QICS experimental site. CO2 bubbles emerged from the seafloor ~30m to the west of the site and individual plumes covered a total area of ~ 350m2. Bubble stream location was recording using audio (acoustic) and visual techniques (photography, video). Both techniques are useful for recording the general location of plumes. However their 2D nature made it hard to characterise individual plumes and their exact locations. The QICS1 experiment included 200 deployments/recoveries of instruments, collection of 1,300 samples, and installation of 1600 m of cable and placement of 24 cages of indicator species on the seabed. In order to aid planning and operation during potential further experiments at the site it would be beneficial to utilise a robust and accurate method of recording the locations of equipment, samples and CO2 bubble streams. In this review, the four main types of submarine geolocation technologies are detailed and compared, and best available models (as of June 2013) are detailed. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-31.

UKCCSRC Call 1 project reports: Developing CO2 networks: Information from the First Flexible CCS Network Development (FleCCSnet) project workshop
This data contains the output from the first Flexible CCS Network Development (FleCCSnet) workshop of stakeholders discussing the development of CO2 networks in the UK. The first was held on the 30 April 2014 at the University of Edinburgh, UK. The purpose of Workshop 1 was to identify and confirm the key questions to be considered in order to understand the most likely impacts of variability in the CO2 sources and variability in CO2 sinks on CO2 transport system design and operation. There were a total of 21 attendees including 7 representatives from PSE, Scottish Power, BP, SCCS, Parsons Brinckerhoff, Element Energy, and AMEC. The dataset consists of two reports. The first report, 'Developing CO2 networks: Key lessons learnt from the first Flexible CCS Network Development (FleCCSnet) project workshop', summarises the workshop findings, which have been used to create a series of scenarios that were investigated by transient simulation. The scenarios developed are described in the second report, 'Developing CO2 networks: Scenarios building on the first Flexible CCS Network Development (FleCCSnet) project workshop'.

UKCCSRC Call 1 Project: 3D mapping of large-scale subsurface flow pathways using nanoseismic monitoring
The project will three-dimensionally image hydraulically conductive features in the reservoir, caprock and overburden of an active CO2 injection site: the Aquistore site, Canada. Our research will provide important information on potential migration pathways within the storage complex to inform future monitoring strategies at the Aquistore site and at future storage sites. We will monitor micro-seismic events prior to, and during, CO2 injection using a three-component nanoseismic surface monitoring array which will complement data collected by the existing geophone network at the site. This analysis can be used to provide deep focussed monitoring information on permeability enhancement near the injection point. As injection continues it will also enable imaging of any flowing features within the caprock. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-19.

UKCCSRC Call 1 Project: BIO-CAP-UK - Air/Oxy Biomass Combustion with CO2 Capture Technology
To accelerate progress towards achieving operational excellence for flexible, efficient and environmentally sustainable Bio-CCS thermal power plants by developing and assessing fundamental knowledge, pilot plant tests and techno economic and life cycle studies. In terms of assessing CO2 capture, the UK CCS on-going research portfolio includes coal and gas-fired generation, whilst limited work is being conducted on the assessment of dedicated biomass to power with CCS, or indeed, of co-firing fossil fuel generation with higher rates of biomass with CCS. The project will also greatly expand the on-going research in SuperGen Bioenergy concerning supply chains of torrefied biomass and Bio-CCS. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-38.

UKCCSRC Call 1 Project: Determination of water solubility limits in CO2 mixtures to deliver water specification levels for CO2 transportation
This project will determine the dew point of water, or "water solubility", in impure CO2 mixtures (e.g. containing N2 and H2). At present, key data for defining water levels have not been determined. The data are important because liquid water is highly acidic in the presence of excess CO2; this acidity can be increased by trace amounts of SO2 and H2S and acidity will greatly accelerate corrosion. This research will provide the first accurate data for CO2 transportation systems, which can be used to develop accurate equations of state and define more robust pipeline specifications. These in turn can be applied to inform cost benefit analyses on the additional costs on the pipeline material and construction balanced against the cost of purification and the needs of safety. The research will provide critical physical property data to enable the safe and cost effective transportation of CO2. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-21.

UKCCSRC Call 1 Project: Experimental investigation and CFD modelling of oxy-coal combustion on PACT facility with real flue gas and vent gas recycling
The project will investigate the impacts of real flue gas and vent gas recycling on the combustion performance, emissions, ignition and flame stability of oxy-coal combustion by means of 250kW PACT facility testing and comprehensively validated CFD modelling, and to assess various flue gas recycling scenarios and the benefits of vent gas recycling by process simulation. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-27.

UKCCSRC Call 1 Project: Fault seal controls on storage capacity
Fault risk remains a key parameter in evaluating the potential for trapping CO2 in the subsurface, yet very little is known about the conditions under which CO2 and CO2/hydrocarbon mixtures are retained by faults. The project will investigate the roles and properties of faults in their capacity to retain CO2. Natural and engineered accumulations of hydrocarbon and CO2-hydrocarbon mixtures will be examined across a wide self-similar province (to minimize geological variability) to develop a knowledge base of fault flow properties. Fault geometries, orientations, seismic attributes, proven vertical trapping and lateral pressure retention values and column-heights will be documented. High-quality data-rich examples will be selected for analysis with established software tools to predict and calibrate CO2 column height and pressure retention. Differences between prediction and observation will be reconciled by checking site-specific geology and optimising the petrophysical property values assigned to the faults, reservoir, seals and fluids (within realistic ranges) to produce an understandable pragmatic and calibrated fit. The fault properties knowledge-base and the newly calibrated tools will be applied to selected key reservoirs from the ETI UK Storage Assessment Project (UKSAP). This will provide improved and evidence-based assessment of storage in regional UK North Sea aquifers such as the Bunter Sandstone, Forties, Tay and Captain. These are some of the largest and promising early developments for storage and are vital to reducing storage costs via multi-user storage. The Bunter Sandstone has 8Gt CO2 unrisked capacity - but only 1Gt may be considered viable because of fault risk. The Captain, Forties and Tay sandstones total 11.5Gt CO2 unrisked capacity, of which only 1Gt may be currently considered viable. The impact of the research will be to upgrade parts of the UKSAP assessment and to assist the development of the large capacity element in these formations that does have perceived fault risk. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-14.

UKCCSRC Call 1 Project: FleCCSnet - Flexible CCS Network Development
This project will produce and disseminate the first design and operating guidelines for the flexible operation of CCS pipeline networks. The research will explore how CCS pipeline networks can react effectively to short, medium and long term variations in the availability and flow of CO2 from capture plants, as well as responding to the constraints imposed on the system by the ability (or otherwise) of CO2 storage facilities to accept variable flow. The work will develop relevant scenarios for modelling the likely variability of CO2 flow in a CCS pipeline network, develop hydraulic models of CO2 behaviour, engage stakeholders in the process through practitioner workshops, and deliver guidelines to the industry and other interested stakeholders. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-40.

UKCCSRC Call 1 Project: GlaciStore - CO2 storage in Palaeogene and Neogene hydrogeological systems of the North Sea
We aim to de-risk the development of the major potential CO2 storage reservoirs in the UK sector of the Northern and Central North Sea by developing our understanding of the geometry and properties of the overburden above the potential reservoirs (including their seals), and by developing an understanding of the likely hydraulic connectivity in the reservoirs, surrounding strata and overburden and hence the likely flow paths for CO2 and formation brine within and between them. These reservoirs are some of the most widespread and internally hydraulically well-connected reservoirs on the UK Continental Shelf and appear to have excellent potential for high injectivity, large capacity without excessive pressure rise and, in some cases, good containment. Consequently, they promise to be of great significance if CCS becomes a major greenhouse gas mitigation technology in the UK. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-30.

UKCCSRC Call 1 Project: Chemical looping for low-cost oxygen production and other applications
While chemical looping (combustion, CLC) is a promising technology for carbon capture, however many questions still remain as to its applicability at an industrial scale. In Chemical looping combustion a metal oxide is shuttled back and forth between a fuel and air reactor, picking up oxygen in the air reactor and transferring it to the fuel reactor. The fuel is never mixed with the nitrogen from the air, so a stream of CO2 and H2O is produced directly from the fuel reactor; this potentially makes the integrated power production and CO2 capture system highly efficient. Most CLC and CLOU schemes envisage using fluidised beds in which the solid fuel is intimately mixed with the oxygen carrier, or mixing of the solid fuel particles. This project aims to push forward chemical looping within the UK and integrates both experimental work and theoretical analysis to result in the first large-scale demonstration of CLC within the UK. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-39.

UKCCSRC Call 1 Project: Microseismic and structural geological data collected at Aquistore (Canada)
This data set includes microseismic and structural geological data collected at Aquistore (Canada). They cover a period from 26th April - 21st June 2015, during which CO2 was being injected in the Aquistore injection well at 3.5 km depth. The data were collected in the framework of a research project funded by UKCCSRC (EPSRC) and based at Aquistore in order to identify whether any microseismic events, that could be related to the CO2 injection, took place during this period and use of these events to image potential flowpathways at depth. The data were collected at a sampling rate of 1000Hz using a short-period microseismic array with a 25m aperture, consisting of one three-component and three one-component sensors (Lennartz, MKIII and MKII lite). The array was placed at 50cm depth, approximately 150m away from the injection well. Acquisition was continuous during the above period. The microseismic data are available in PASCAL or ASCII format. Full details on equipment used in data collection and data formats are available in the README file. Due to commercial constraints this dataset is currently under embargo until the end of 2017. Due to the large size of the dataset additional information and access requirements can be requested via the contact email supplied.

UKCCSRC Call 1 Project: Mixed matrix membranes preparation for post-combustion capture
Membrane processes are a promising alternative to the more classical post-combustion capture technologies due to the reduced maintenance of the process, the absence of dangerous solvents and their smaller footprint. This project aims at supporting the development of new mixed matrix membranes for post-combustion applications. Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) are composite materials formed by embedding inorganic fillers into a polymeric matrix in order to overcome the upper bound and combine the characteristics of the two solid phases: mechanical properties, economical processing capabilities and permeability of the polymer and selectivity of the filler. Despite several studies on the concept, the interactions between the two phases and their effect on the transport properties are not well understood. Yet, this fundamental knowledge is crucial in order to design the reliable materials needed for real-world-applications. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-36.

UKCCSRC Call 1 Project: Multiphase flow modelling for risk assessment of dense phase CO2 pipelines containing impurities
This project will develop and experimentally validate a heterogeneous flow model for predicting the transient depressurisation and outflow following the puncture of dense phase CO2 pipelines containing typical impurities. Such data is expected to serve as the source term for the quantitative consequence failure assessment of CO2 pipelines including near field and far field dispersion, fracture propagation and blowdown. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-07. UKCCSRC - UK Carbon Capture and Storage Research Centre.

UKCCSRC Call 1 Project: Oxyfuel and exhaust gas recirculation processes in gas turbine combustion for improved carbon capture performance
Conventional power generation in the UK faces a significant challenge in the face of decarbonising and maintaining a reliable, secure and cost effective electricity supply. The requirement for fossil-fuel based systems to integrate smoothly with CCS technologies has led to the realistic consideration of oxyfuel based generating plant for CCGT-CCS processes. For CCS to become more technically and economically feasible, it has been suggested that the CO2 scrubbing component of the CCS process will work more effectively if the CO2 concentrations in the exhaust gas were higher. Hence, enhancement of oxygen in the combustion process and the enhancement of CO2 concentration in the plant exhaust via Exhaust Gas Recycling (EGR) can dramatically increase the net efficiency of CO2 scrubbers. Whilst oxyfuel and EGR are known to be potentially very promising technologies for integration with CCGT-CCS processes, there exists a significant lack of fundamental data on the design and reliable operation of industrial burner systems with this technology. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-26.

UKCCSRC Call 1 Project: QICS2 Scoping Project - Exploring the viability and scientific opportunities of a follow-on marine impact project
A key element of risk assessment for the geological storage of CO2 offshore is the monitoring of transport of leaks from the subsurface via shallow sediments in the marine environment, including its effect on the ecosystem. In 2012, the NERC-funded QICS project constructed the first marine in situ controlled sub-seabed release facility for CO2 in the world in Ardmucknish Bay, Oban when 4.2 tonnes of CO2 was injected. There is significant international interest in this unique facility and the project provides an opportunity for the UK to consolidate its leadership in environmental monitoring and impact studies for CCS. This scoping project will explore the viability and potential scientific goals for a follow on project, with the capability of delivering useful knowledge at the start of the UK CCS commercialisation program. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-31.

UKCCSRC Call 1 Project: Tractable equations of state for CO2 mixtures in CCS: algorithms for automated generation and optimisation, tailored to end-users
This project will tackle one of the key technical challenges facing the development of commercially viable CO2 transport networks: modelling the phase behaviour of impure carbon dioxide, under the conditions typically found in carbon capture from power stations, and in high-pressure (liquid phase) and low-pressure (gas phase) pipelines. Models for phase behaviour are known as equations of state (EoS). EoS vary in their mathematical form, accuracy, region of validity and computational complexity. Because different applications have different requirements, there is no single EoS that is ideal for all applications. This project will use cutting-edge computer algorithms to automatically reparameterise EoS for CCS modelling. This flexible technique will allow a user to specify their requirements and re-derive model parameters matched to their needs. Our algorithms will directly produce functional forms for EoS from experimental data, thus fully automating the derivation of EoS. This will enable users to rapidly produce bespoke EoS that are tailored to their particular application, and will enable these models to continually evolve as new measurements become available, ensuring that experimental advances are rapidly converted into improved CCS modelling and, ultimately, better performance and efficiency of real CCS processes. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C1-22.

UKCCSRC Call 1,2 paper: Understanding the solubility of water in carbon capture and storage mixtures: An FTIR spectroscopic study of H2O+CO2+N2 ternary mixtures
The solubility of water (H2O) in carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen (N2) mixtures (xN2 = 0.050 and 0.100, mole fraction) has been investigated at 25 and 40 degrees C in the pressure range between 8 and 18 MPa. The motivation for this work is to aid the understanding of water solubility in complex CO2-based mixtures, which is required for the safety of anthropogenic CO2 transport via pipeline for carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology. The measurements have been performed using an FTIR spectroscopic approach and demonstrate that this method is a suitable technique to determine the concentration of water in both pure CO2 and CO2 + N2 mixtures. The presence of N2 lowers the mole concentration of water in CO2 by up to 42% for a given pressure in the studied conditions and this represents important data for the development of pipelines for CCS. This work also provides preliminary indications that the key parameters for the solubility of H2O in such CO2 + N2 mixtures are the temperature and the overall density of the fluid mixture and not solely the given pressure of the CCS mixture. This could have implications for understanding the parameters required to be monitored during the safer transportation of CO2 mixtures in CCS pipelines. The paper is available at DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.02.002. UKCCSRC Grants UKCCSRC-C1-21 and UKCCSRC-C2-185.

UKCCSRC Call 1/2 paper: Understanding the solubility of water in carbon capture and storage mixtures: An FTIR spectroscopic study of H2O+CO2+N2 ternary mixtures
The solubility of water (H2O) in carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen (N2) mixtures (xN2 = 0.050 and 0.100, mole fraction) has been investigated at 25 and 40 °C in the pressure range between 8 and 18 MPa. The motivation for this work is to aid the understanding of water solubility in complex CO2-based mixtures, which is required for the safety of anthropogenic CO2 transport via pipeline for carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology. The measurements have been performed using an FTIR spectroscopic approach and demonstrate that this method is a suitable technique to determine the concentration of water in both pure CO2 and CO2 + N2 mixtures. The presence of N2 lowers the mole concentration of water in CO2 by up to 42% for a given pressure in the studied conditions and this represents important data for the development of pipelines for CCS. This work also provides preliminary indications that the key parameters for the solubility of H2O in such CO2 + N2 mixtures are the temperature and the overall density of the fluid mixture and not solely the given pressure of the CCS mixture. This could have implications for understanding the parameters required to be monitored during the safer transportation of CO2 mixtures in CCS pipelines. The paper is available at DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.02.002. UKCCSRC Grants UKCCSRC-C1-21 and UKCCSRC-C2-185.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project blog: Quantifying Residual and Dissolution Trapping in the CO2CRC Otway Injection Site, Update, 20.01.15
This is a blog (Update, 20.01.15) on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project, Quantifying Residual and Dissolution Trapping in the CO2CRC Otway Injection Site. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-204.

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project C2-181 - Data associated with "Chemical equilibrium analysis of hydrogen production from shale gas using sorption enhanced chemical looping steam reforming" in Fuel Processing Technology
Dupont, Valerie (2017) Data associated with "Chemical equilibrium analysis of hydrogen production from shale gas using sorption enhanced chemical looping steam reforming" in Fuel Processing Technology. University of Leeds. Data file containing datasets used to generate the figures and tables in the paper. [Dataset] https://doi.org/10.5518/149. [Publication] http://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2017.01.026

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project C2-181. Data for "Kinetics study and modelling of steam methane reforming process over a NiO/Al2O3 catalyst in an adiabatic packed bed reactor" in International Journal of Hydrogen Energy.
Dupont, Valerie (2016) Data for "Kinetics study and modelling of steam methane reforming process over a NiO/Al2O3 catalyst in an adiabatic packed bed reactor" in International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. University of Leeds. Data file containing datasets used to generate the figures and tables in the paper. [Dataset] https://doi.org/10.5518/126. [Publication] http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.11.093

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project C2-183 data: The development and demonstration of best-practice guidelines for the start-up injection of CO2 into highly-depleted gas fields: Final report plots and data
The dataset contains 15 plots and data for time-dependent pressures and temperatures at various locations along a 2582-m-long well and at various simulation times. The realistic scenarios taken into considerations are applied to the Goldeneye depleted reservoir in the North Sea. Pure CO2 is injected into the well and then discharged in the Goldeneye reservoir. Six different scenarios are considered: three different injection durations (linear ramp-up of the inlet mass flow rate from 0 to 33.5 kg/s over 5 minutes, 30 minutes, and 2 hours) and two different upstream temperatures (278.15 K and 283.15 K). Data is currently restricted until publication.

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project C2-204 data: Using oxygen isotopes to quantitatively assess residual CO2 saturation during the CO2CRC Otway Stage 2B Extension residual saturation test data set
This is the dataset to accompany the International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control manuscript entitled: Using oxygen isotopes to quantitatively assess residual CO2 saturation during the CO2CRC Otway Stage 2B Extension residual saturation test by Serno et al., published in 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2016.06.019. The data was collected at the CO2CRC Otway test site in December 2014, processed in Edinburgh and is now presented as an excel file.

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project C2-214 - Sulzer Chemtech dynamic test campaign data, Jan 2015
This dataset relates to the scientific journal article "A pilot-scale study of dynamic response scenarios for the flexible operation of post-combustion CO2 capture" (Tait et al. 2016), a study which was funded as part of the call 2 project "Towards more flexible generation with CCS". Pilot plant data from five dynamic scenarios for post-combustion capture on a state-of the-art NGCC plant (circa 2015) are included. The output from a novel solvent sensor, which can provide continuous online measurement of solvent CO2 loading is also included for several scenarios. The article can be found at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.12.009. More information on the project is available at

UKCCSRC Call 2 project data: Gas-liquid two-phase CO2 flow data from a vertical Coriolis meter and a DP transmitter
The data is collected in North China Electric Power University (NCEPU) on a 1-inch bore, gas-liquid two-phase, high pressure (up to 72bar), ambient temperature CO2 flow test rig from 19th May to 3rd June 2016. Single phase gas and liquid information are provided by Coriolis meter and mixed together. Then a vertical Coriolis meter is used to measure the two-phase mixture together with a DP transmitter measuring differential pressure across the vertical Coriolis meter under test. UKCCSRC Call 2 project: CO2 Flow Metering through Multi-Modal Sensing and Statistical Data Fusion. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-218. Published papers: 1) Mass flow measurement of two-phase carbon dioxide using Coriolis flowmeters ( https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2017.7969891). 2) Mass flow measurement of gas-liquid two-phase CO2 in CCS transportation pipelines using Coriolis flowmeters ( https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2017.11.021).

UKCCSRC Call 2 project data: Performance of Flow Meters with Dense Phase CO2 and CCS Recovery Streams
Fiscal metering could face several challenges during CO2 transport by pipelines due to the unusual physical properties of CO2 and CO2 mixtures. Coriolis flowmeters are an options to measure CO2 accurately in transport pipelines. However, the presence of impurities can affect the performance of the flowmeter. Therefore, the performance of a Coriolis flowmeter was evaluated using CO2 fluid with impurities in a mass flow-rig designed based on the gravimetric calibration in start / stop operations. In each test, the mass recorded by the Coriolis flowmeter was compared to the mass collected in the receiving facilities and measured using high accurate balance in order to obtain the relative deviation of the test. During the tests, in addition to the mass and volume flow rate, the operational pressure and temperature as well as velocity and density were recorded. The series of tests were conducted using different fluids, including: pure N2 (validation tests), pure CO2 (reference tests), pre-combustion mixture, post-combustion mixture, Oxyfuel-I mixture and Oxyfuel-II mixture. The recorded data as well as recorded and measured masses are available in the provided excel files for each investigated fluid. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-201

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project Final Report: Novel Reductive Rejuvenation approaches for degraded amine solvents from PCC in power plants
Final Report for UKCCSRC Call 2 Project C2-189. Novel Reductive Rejuvenation approaches for degraded amine solvents from PCC in power plants.

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project final report: UK demonstration of Enhanced Calcium looping, and first Global Demonstration of Advanced Doping Techniques
Final report for UKCCSRC Call 2 project, UK demonstration of Enhanced Calcium looping, and first Global Demonstration of Advanced Doping Techniques. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-209.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project paper: A synthetic-dynamic method for water solubility measurements in high pressure CO2 using ATR–FTIR spectroscopy
A new synthetic method for studying phase behaviour is described using Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR) spectroscopy. The method has been developed to provide relevant information on the solubility of water in CO2. The dew point of water has been determined at three different pressures, viz. (4.05, 5.05 and 6.03) MPa with mole fractions of water between 0.01 and 0.04. The data obtained fill the gap in the literature in these regions of pressures and temperatures and could be of high importance in the context of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology. Indeed, the presence of water in the captured CO2 could damage the pipeline used for CO2 transport. Hence, it is very important to have a fully understanding of the behaviour of the (CO2 + H2O) mixtures in wide range of temperature relevant for CCS. The paper is available at DOI: 10.1016/j.jct.2015.09.024. UKCCSRC Grant UKCCSRC-C2-185.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Advanced Sorbents for CCS via Controlled Sintering, Cardiff Biannual, 10.09.14
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project, Advanced Sorbents for CCS via Controlled Sintering, was presented at the Cardiff Biannual_10.09.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-206.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Advanced Sorbents for CCS via Controlled Sintering, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project Advanced Sorbents for CCS via Controlled Sintering was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-206. Calcium looping shows significant promise for CO2 capture. The process can lead to an energy penalty as low as 6 - 8 % including the compression of the lean CO2 stream, compared to 9.5 - 12.5 % for amine-based post-combustion capture. To implement this technology on an industrial scale, a large quantity of CaO-based sorbent will be required, therefore the sorbent must be capable of being regenerated and reused.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: CO2 Flow Metering through Multi-Modal Sensing and Statistical Data Fusion, Cardiff Biannual, 10.09.14
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project, CO2 Flow Metering through Multi-Modal Sensing and Statistical Data Fusion, was presented at the Cardiff Biannual, 10.09.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-218.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: CO2 Flow Metering through Multi-Modal Sensing and Statistical Data Fusion, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project CO2 Flow Metering through Multi-Modal Sensing and Statistical Data Fusion was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-218. Measurement and monitoring of CO2 flows across the Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) chain are essential to ensure accurate accounting of captured CO2 and help prevent leaking during transportation to storage sites. The significant changes in physical properties of CO2 depending on its state (gas, liquid, two-phase or supercritical) mean that CO2 flows in CCS pipelines are complex by their nature. Meanwhile, impurities in a CO2 pipeline also make the flow more likely in the form of two-phase mixture. Despite difficulties due to the changes in CO2 properties, there has been very little research into metering issues of CO2 flows. The aim of this project is to develop a cutting-edge technology for CO2 flows metering in CCS pipelines. The objectives are as follows: • To establish a mass reference platform for CO2 flowmeter calibration; • To develop a prototype multi-modal sensing system and data fusion algorithms for mass flow metering of CO2; • To evaluate the performance of the multi-modal sensing system under single-phase and two-phase CO2 flow conditions.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: CO2 Flow Metering through Multi-Modal Sensing and Statistical Data Fusion, UKCCSRC Manchester Biannual Meeting, 13.04.2016
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project CO2 Flow Metering through Multi-Modal Sensing and Statistical Data Fusion was presented at the UKCCSRC Manchester Biannual Meeting, 13.04.2016. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-218.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Development of Infiltration Models for the Ingress of CO2 into Buildings, UKCCSRC Manchester Biannual Meeting, 13.04.2016
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project Shelter and Escape in the Event of a Release of CO2 from CCS Infrastructure (S-CAPE) was presented at the UKCCSRC Manchester Biannual Meeting, 13.04.2016. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-179.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Dynamic and flexible operation of post-combustion capture: A pilot-scale test campaign with online solvent monitoring, UKCCSRC Manchester Biannual Meeting, 13.04.2016
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project Towards more flexible power generation with CCS was presented at the UKCCSRC Manchester Biannual Meeting, 13.04.2016. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-214.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Flexible CCS operations combined with online solvent monitoring: A pilot-scale study, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project Flexible CCS operations combined with online solvent monitoring: A pilot-scale study was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-214. This project focuses on enhancing the flexibility of amine based post-combustion capture systems 1. To evaluate the flexible operation capabilities of current post-combustion CCS plant designs via dynamic scenario testing at pilot scale. 2. To identify hardware bottlenecks to dynamic operation and suggest improvements. 3. To develop new instrumentation, operating strategies and control systems which will enhance operational flexibility. 4. To obtain real plant data to complement dynamic modelling efforts.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Investigating radiative heat flux in small and large scale oxy-coal furnaces for CFD model development, Cardiff Biannual 10.09.14
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project, Investigating the radiative heat flux in small and large scale oxy-coal furnaces for CFD model development and system scale up, was presented at the Cardiff Biannual, 10.09.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-193.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Investigating radiative heat flux in small and large scale oxy-coal furnaces for CFD model development, Cranfield Biannual 21.04.15
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project, Investigating the radiative heat flux in small and large scale oxy-coal furnaces for CFD model development and system scale up, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-193.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Investigating the radiative heat flux in small & large scale oxy-coal furnaces for CFD model development, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project Investigating the radiative heat flux in small and large scale oxy-coal furnaces for CFD model development and system scale up was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-193. Oxy-fuel (coal or biomass) combustion significantly changes the heat transfer properties of power plant furnaces. Thus future power plants using oxy-fuel technology will rely greatly on computational modelling. This project aims to collect combustion and heat transfer data from both small and large scale furnaces and to validate the computational model in order to make it ready for future technology scale up. Specific objectives are: • Take measurements at the 250 kW oxy-coal furnace at PACT national facilities in Sheffield, including combustion and heat transfer data. • Take measurements at a 35 MW oxy-coal furnace in China. • Validate CFD models developed and investigate the combustion and heat transfer properties in both large and small furnaces.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Measurement of water solubility limits of CO2 mixtures to underpin safe pipeline transportation of CO2, Cardiff Biannual 10.09.14
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project, Measurement of water solubility limits of CO2 mixtures to underpin the safe pipeline transportation of CO2, was presented at the Cardiff Biannual, 10.09.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-185.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Measurement of water solubility limits of CO2 mixtures to underpin safe pipeline transportation of CO2, Cranfield Biannual 21.04.15
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project, Measurement of water solubility limits of CO2 mixtures to underpin the safe pipeline transportation of CO2, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-185.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Measurement of Water Solubility Limits of CO2 Mixtures to Underpin the Safe Pipeline Transportation of CO2, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project Measurement of Water Solubility Limits of CO2 Mixtures to Underpin the Safe Pipeline Transportation of CO2 was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-185. Monitoring the composition of mixtures which are of relevance to Carbon Capture and Storage pipelines is of high importance for the safe transportation of CO2 during the CCS process. Captured CO2 will contain varying amounts of impurities such as N2, H2, O2 and H2O. These are components which greatly affect the phase behaviour of the captured CO2. Being able to quantifiably monitor the composition and components of CCS-relevant mixtures is key for (i) safety; (ii) determining standard operating conditions. This project, incorporating several novel techniques, have been used to measure: • The phase behaviour and thermodynamic properties of CO2 containing varying amounts of impurities in order to improve or validate existing models of CCS relevant gas mixtures. • The solubility of water in impure CO2 CCS mixtures.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Multiscale Characterisation of CO2 Storage in the United Kingdom, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project Multiscale Characterisation of CO2 Storage in the United Kingdom was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-197. We combine pore scale digital rock physics, reservoir condition special core analysis, and reservoir simulation to evaluate the performance of CO2 storage for the major target storage regions of the UK. Key objectives: • Develop a dataset of relative permeability and residual trapping for major storage targets in the UK (Fig. 1), obtained experimentally at reservoir conditions • Identify the contribution of pore scale rock morphology to multiphase flow dynamics and dissolution trapping • Use the data in reservoir simulations to update dynamic capacity estimation for UK reservoirs

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Multiscale characterization of CO2 storage in the United Kingdom, Cardiff Biannual, 10.09.14
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project, Multiscale characterization of CO2 storage in the United Kingdom, was presented at the Cardiff Biannual, 10.09.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-197.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Multiscale characterization of CO2 storage in the United Kingdom, Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project, Multiscale characterization of CO2 storage in the United Kingdom, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-197.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Novel Materials and Reforming Process Route for the Production of Ready-Separated CO2/N2/H2, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project Novel Materials and Reforming Process Route for the Production of Ready-Separated CO2/N2/H2 from Natural Gas Feedstocks was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-181. Large reserves of shale gas and unconventional gases worldwide will ensure that hydrogen remains produced mainly via the catalytic steam reforming process (C-SR) for the next few decades. In conventional C-SR, the most energy intensive step is the production of syngas (CO+H2) in the primary reformer which relies on fired heaters in large scale furnaces. SR plants need to be enormous in order to be economical due to syngas production stage and H2 purification steps.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Novel Materials and Reforming Processing Route for the Production of Ready-Separated CO2/N2/H2, Cardiff Biannual, 10.09.14
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project, Novel Materials and Reforming Processing Route for the Production of Ready-Separated CO2/N2/H2 from Natural Gas Feedstocks, was presented at the Cardiff Biannual, 10.09.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-181.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Novel reductive rejuvenation approaches for degraded amine solutions from PCC in power plants, Cardiff Biannual, 10.09.14
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project, Novel reductive rejuvenation approaches for degraded amine solutions from PCC in power plants, was presented at the Cardiff Biannual, 10.09.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-189.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Novel reductive rejuvenation approaches for degraded amine solutions from PCC in power plants, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project Novel reductive rejuvenation approaches for degraded amine solutions from PCC in power plants was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-189. Aqueous amine scrubbing is currently considered to be the best available technology of carbon capture for both pulverised fuel and natural gas power plants. A major problem is the thermo-oxidative degradation of chemical amine solvents used, leading to a range of operational problems and the generation of large quantities of hazardous aqueous waste. However, no existing technologies are able to effectively deal with these problems particularly the handling of the toxic waste solvent streams. The conversion of the degraded amines back to usable solvents or saleable products has been regarded as a novel effective way for cost reduction.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Performance of Flow Meters with Dense Phase CO2 and CCS Recovery Streams, Cardiff Biannual, 10.09.14
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project, Performance of Flow Meters with Dense Phase CO2 and CCS Recovery Streams, was presented at the Cardiff Biannual, 10.09.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-201.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Performance of Flow Meters with Dense Phase CO2 and CCS Recovery Streams, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project Performance of Flow Meters with Dense Phase CO2 and CCS Recovery Streams was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-201. Captured carbon dioxide (CO2) from CCS operations needs to be transported to the storage location. Metering of the flow could be challenging due to the presence of impurities as well as unusual physical properties of the CO2 with impurities. The metering accuracy must be within the range of ±1.5% by mass according to the European Union Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS) regulations. However, no investigations have been performed to evaluate the performance of flowmeters with pressurized CO2 at operational CCS conditions. The goal of project is to investigate the performance of Coriolis mass flowmeter with high CO2 content mixtures. Specific objectives of the project include: • To study the effect of impurities on the accuracy of the Coriolis flow meter. • To investigate the performance of Coriolis flow meter at conditions likely to happen in the CCS operations. • Evaluation of costs for the deployment of Coriolis flow meter in CCS operations.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Process-Performance Indexed Design of Ionic Liquids for Carbon Capture, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project Process-Performance Indexed Design of Ionic Liquids for Carbon Capture was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-199. The elevated cost of carbon capture and storage (CCS) is currently hindering its implementation at large scale. We aim to design a 'perfect' solvent for the capture of carbon dioxide (CO2). The design of the solvent is based on process performance indexes.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Process-performance indexed design of task-specific ionic liquids for post-combustion CO2 capture, Cardiff Biannual, 10.09.14
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project, Process-performance indexed design of task-specific ionic liquids for post-combustion CO2 capture, was presented at the Cardiff Biannual, 10.09.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-199.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Process-performance indexed design of task-specific ionic liquids for post-combustion CO2 capture, Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project, Process-performance indexed design of task-specific ionic liquids for post-combustion CO2 capture, was presented at the Cardiff Biannual, 10.09.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-199.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Quantifying Residual and Dissolution Trapping in the CO2CRC Otway Injection Site, Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project, Quantifying Residual and Dissolution Trapping in the CO2CRC Otway Injection Site, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-204.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Quantifying Residual and Dissolution Trapping in the CO2CRC Otway Injection Site, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project Quantifying Residual and Dissolution Trapping in the CO2CRC Otway Injection Site was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-204. For a wide adoption of the Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology, it is essential to provide a commercial operator with a reassurance of the predictability of their proposed site for CO2 storage through geochemical monitoring techniques. This is particular important for assessing residual and solubility trapping, which are more secure than structural trapping of free-phase CO2. It is difficult to quantify how much CO2 is stored by residual and solubility trapping across an entire storage site. Hence, there is a need to develop a test which can be performed at a single injection well during assessment of a potential site for CO2 injection. CO2CRC, one of the world-leading CCS research organisations, conducted the Otway Stage 2B Extension residual saturation test in December 2014 to determine residual trapping at their Otway test site in Victoria, Australia, using a single-well field setting. In direct collaboration with CO2CRC and other global research institutions (CSIRO Energy, University of Melbourne, Simon Fraser University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), we use water and gas geochemistry to establish the fate of CO2 injected into the Paaratte Formation at the Otway test site. More specifically, we study the application of oxygen isotopes and noble gases to reconstruct levels of residual trapping of CO2.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: S-CAPE - Shelter and Escape in the Event of a Release of CO2 from CCS Infrastructure, Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project, Shelter and Escape in the Event of a Release of CO2 from CCS Infrastructure (S-CAPE), was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-179.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Shelter and Escape in the Event of a Release of CO2 from CCS Infrastructure (S-CAPE), CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project Shelter and Escape in the Event of a Release of CO2 from CCS Infrastructure (S-CAPE) was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-179. Pipelines are acknowledged as one of the most efficient and cost-effective methods for transporting large volumes of various fluids over long distances and therefore the majority of proposed schemes for Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) involve high pressure pipelines transporting CO2. In order to manage the risk in the event of the failure of a carbon dioxide (CO2) pipeline, it is a core requirement that a separation distance between pipelines and habitable dwellings is defined to ensure a consistent level of risk. The aim of this project is to develop validated and computationally efficient shelter and escape models describing the consequences to the surrounding population of a CO2 release from CCS transportation infrastructure. The models will allow pipeline operators, regulators and standard setters to make informed and appropriate decisions regarding pipeline safety and emergency response. This poster presents some preliminary findings from the S-Cape project and: • Describes the development of analytical and Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) models to calculate the change in internal CO2 concentration within a building engulfed by a dispersing cloud of CO2. • Investigates the sensitivity of the CO2 concentration within a building to wind speed and the temperature of the CO2 in the pipeline. • Demonstrates how CFD models can be used to verify results obtained using computationally efficient analytical models.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: The Development and Demonstration of Best Practice Guidelines for Safe Start-up Injection of CO2, Cranfield Biannual 21.04.15
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project, The Development and Demonstration of Best Practice Guidelines for the Safe Start-up Injection of CO2 into Depleted Gas Fields, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-183.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: The Development and Demonstration of Best Practice Guidelines for the Safe Start-up Injection of CO2, Cardiff Biannual, 10.09.14
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project, The Development and Demonstration of Best Practice Guidelines for the Safe Start-up Injection of CO2 into Depleted Gas Fields, was presented at the Cardiff Biannual, 10.09.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-183.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: The Development and Demonstration of Best Practice Guidelines for the Safe Start-up Injection of CO2, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project The Development and Demonstration of Best Practice Guidelines for the Safe Start-up Injection of CO2 into Depleted Gas Fields was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-183. Highly-depleted gas fields represent prime potential targets for large-scale storage of captured CO2 emitted from industrial sources and fossil-fuel power plants. Given the potentially low reservoir pressures as well as the unique thermodynamic properties of CO2, especially in the presence of the various stream impurities, the injection process presents significant safety and operational challenges. In particular, the start-up injection leads to the following risks: • blockage due to hydrate and ice formation following the contact of the cold CO2 with the interstitial water around the wellbore; • thermal stress shocking of the wellbore casing steel, leading to its fracture and ultimately escape of CO2; • over-pressurisation accompanied by CO2 backflow into the injection system due to the violent evaporation of the superheated liquid CO2 upon entry into the wellbore.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: Towards more flexible power generation with CCS, Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project, Towards more flexible power generation with CCS, was presented at the Cranfield Biannual, 21.04.15. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-214.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: UK demo of Enhanced Calcium looping, and first Global Demonstration of Advanced Doping Techniques, Cardiff Biannual 10.09.14
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project, UK demonstration of Enhanced Calcium looping, and first Global Demonstration of Advanced Doping Techniques, was presented at the Cardiff Biannual, 10.09.14. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-209.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project poster: UK Demonstration of Enhanced Calcium Looping & first Global Demonstration of Advanced Doping Techniques, CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16
This poster on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project UK Demonstration of Enhanced Calcium Looping and first Global Demonstration of Advanced Doping Techniques was presented at the CSLF Call project poster reception, London, 27.06.16. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-209. Calcium (carbonate) looping is a promising carbon capture technology, which has been successfully demonstrated using a slip stream from the exhaust of a large-scale power plant. CO2 is captured as CaCO3, and is then calcined to release a pure stream of CO2 suitable for storage. The main advantage of this cycle is that the exothermic CO2 capture stage takes place around 650°C and the heat released in the carbonation process can be used in a standard steam cycle. The aims of this project are: • To demonstrate the viability of enhanced calcium looping technologies for CCS using a pelletized spent lime stream. • To demonstrate the viability of calcium looping for the removal of CO2 from industrial gases (steel and iron industry and cement industry). • To explore the use of enhanced Ca looping using HBr as doping agent.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project presentation Novel reductive rejuvenation approaches for degraded amine solutions from PCC in power plants Manchester Biannual 13.04.2016
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project Novel reductive rejuvenation approaches for degraded amine solutions from PCC in power plants was presented at the UKCCSRC Manchester Biannual Meeting, 13.04.2016. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-189.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project presentation: Advanced Sorbents for CCS via Controlled Sintering, UKCCSRC Manchester Biannual Meeting, 13.04.2016
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project Advanced Sorbents for CCS via Controlled Sintering was presented at the UKCCSRC Manchester Biannual Meeting, 13.04.2016. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-206.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project presentation: CO2 Flow Metering through Multi-Modal Sensing and Statistical Data Fusion, UKCCSRC Edinburgh Biannual Meeting, 15.09.2016
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project CO2 Flow Metering through Multi-Modal Sensing and Statistical Data Fusion, was presented at the UKCCSRC Edinburgh Biannual Meeting, 15.09.2016. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-218.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project presentation: Performance of Flow Meters with Dense Phase CO2 and CCS Recovery Streams, UKCCSRC Edinburgh Biannual Meeting, 15.09.2016
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project Performance of Flow Meters with Dense Phase CO2 and CCS Recovery Streams was presented at the UKCCSRC Edinburgh Biannual Meeting, 15.09.2016. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-201.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project presentation: Quantifying Residual and Dissolution Trapping in the CO2CRC Otway Injection Site, UKCCSRC Edinburgh Biannual Meeting, 15.09.2016
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project Quantifying Residual and Dissolution Trapping in the CO2CRC Otway Injection Site was presented at the UKCCSRC Edinburgh Biannual Meeting, 15.09.2016. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-204.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project presentation: The development and demonstration of best practice guidelines for the start-up injection of CO2 into highly-depleted gas fields, UKCCSRC Edinburgh Biannual Meeting, 15.09.2016
This presentation on the UKCCSRC Call 2 project The development and demonstration of best practice guidelines for the start-up injection of CO2 into highly-depleted gas fields was presented at the UKCCSRC Edinburgh Biannual Meeting, 15.09.2016. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-183.

UKCCSRC Call 2 project report: Advanced Sorbent via Controlled Sintering of Natural Ca-sorbent for Carbon Capture
In this study, two strategies, thermal pretreatment and chemical doping, were investigated as a method of improving the residual carrying capacity of Longcliffe and Havelock limestone for calcium looping systems. Four parameters were varied during thermal pretreatment: temperature (900-1100 degrees C), time (3-12 hr), gas composition (0-100 % CO2 balanced in N2) and particle size (90-355 micrometre). After pre-calcination, the sorbents were subjected to 20 carbonation-calcination cycles performed in a thermographic analyser (TGA) to monitor any signs of sorbent improvement. The degradation of sorbent activity was modelled using the decay equation suggested by Grasa and Abanades (2006). Both Longcliffe and Havelock samples showed self-reactivation when pretreated under CO2, however this did not result in a greater carrying capacity after 20 carbonation/calcination cycles compared to the untreated limestone. For chemical doping, Longcliffe doped using 0.167 mol % HBr via quantitative wet impregnation method resulted in an increase in residual carrying capacity of 27.4 % after thermal pre-treatment under CO2 when compared to the untreated but doped limestone, assuming self-reactivation continued as modelled. When Longcliffe was doped and then pretreated under pure N2, the limestone showed self-reactivation, which was not seen in the undoped sorbent when also pretreated under N2. Thus, the success of pretreatment may be dependent on the chemical composition of the limestone. Finally, BET surface area and BJH pore volume analysis was used to understand the changes in the sorbents' morphologies. The closure of the mesopores (dpore<150 nm) after the pretreatment was correlated to the self-reactivation in the subsequent cycles.

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project: Advanced Sorbents for CCS via Controlled Sintering
The project is mainly experimental in nature. Sieved samples of a variety of UK, Canadian and Spanish limestones will be pre-calcined and sintered at elevated temperatures to differing extents under various steam atmospheres, potentially with the addition of salts. The relativities of the produced materials will be tested, initially in a thermogravimetric analyser and subsequently in a small electrically-heated fluidised bed. If time allows, extended work will be conducted at elevated pressure (10 - 20 bar), more typical of conditions in pre-combustion capture. In essence, the aim of the project is to develop inexpensive sorbents for CO2 to work within an efficient thermodynamic cycle. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-206.

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project: CO2 Flow Metering through Multi-Modal Sensing and Statistical Data Fusion
Measurement and monitoring of CO2 flows across the entire CCS chain are essential to ensure accurate accounting of captured CO2 and help prevent leaking during transportation to and from storage sites. This particular R&D need has been identified as one of the highest priority areas in the latest APGTF Strategy Report and in the UKCCSRC RAPID Handbook as well as in a recent study by NEL. The need for addressing measurement uncertainty and its importance for CO2 flows is a key factor in the CCS chain. The accurate measurement of CO2 is also vital to lift the strict regulations from legislative bodies off the full deployment of CCS and create a more positive public perception towards CCS. In addition, it is imperative to investigate the flow metering aspects of CO2 to inform the legislators and regulators and to have this underpinning knowledge available to the providers of the design, build and operation of CCS plants. In this project a cutting-edge technology for the measurement of CO2 flows in CCS pipelines will be developed. The technology will incorporate multi-modal sensing and statistical data fusion techniques. General-purpose flow sensors, including Averaging Differential Pressure, ultrasonic and Coriolis together with temperature, pressure and electrical impedance transducers, will be utilised to create a prototype multi-modal sensing system. A statistical data fusion method based on Bayes' rule for combining prior and observation information will be developed to integrate the outputs of the sensors and transducers. Various statistical data fusion models will be developed off-line and optimal data fusion models will be selected for on-line implementation. Meanwhile, a dedicated CO2 mass flow reference platform will be built using precision weighing techniques and its uncertainty will be established. Extensive experimental work will be conducted on the CO2 mass reference platform after implementing the on-line statistical data fusion models. The multi-modal sensing system will then be extensively tested under controlled flow conditions which resemble practical CCS conditions. The measurement uncertainty for each selected data fusion model will be reported together with the implication of costs, which will be a very informative source for users, manufacturers and researchers. Finally, the multimodal sensing system will be scaled up with the support of the industrial partner and evaluated on their large line (>DN250) flow test facility under simulated flow conditions. Effects of impurities in the CO2 flow on the performance of the flow measurement system will also be studied. Findings from the project will be disseminated to the UKCCSRC and a wider community. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-218.

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project: Investigating the radiative heat flux in small and large scale oxy-coal furnaces for CFD model development and system scale up
Oxy-fuel combustion has been recognised as one of the very competitive technologies for CO2 capture in the power generation sector. Its importance for CCS technology development in the UK is evident from the Government's recent decision to fund the FEED study on White Rose Partnership project. Traditionally furnace design replies on experience based design plots and some modelling analysis. High concentration of CO2 in oxy-fuel combustion leads to a substantial change in the radiation property of the furnace and therefore CFD modelling is becoming a critical predictive and design tool. The main aims of this project are to collect a comprehensive and much needed set of data for radiation model development by measuring experimentally the combustion and heat transfer properties, including direct radiative heat flux measurements and other combustion processes, in the state-of-the-art 250kW PACT oxy-combustion test facilities and the 35MW large scale oxy-combustion plant at HUST in China. The data will then be used to develop further and validate the next generation Full-Spectrum Correlated k distributions (FSCK) model that is currently under development at Leeds. The developed and validated CFD models may then be employed with more confidence to predict, analyse and optimise the operation of future full scale CCS plant for system scale up. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-193.

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project: Measurement of water solubility limits of CO2 mixtures to underpin the safe pipeline transportation of CO2
This Proposal focuses on the determination of the dew point of water (H2O), or “water solubility”, in impure CO2 mixtures (e.g. containing nitrogen, N2, oxygen, O2, hydrogen, H2, or mixtures of N2 + H2). The proposed work is a direct result of new findings in our project under Call 1, where we have obtained highly reproducible data for water solubility in CO2 + N2 using infrared spectroscopy and are well on the way to implementing an independent route using the so-called “Karl-Fischer” titration technique to give independent validation of our results. We have shown that the solubility of H2O is significantly reduced by the presence of even low concentrations of N2, a finding which has direct implications on anthropogenic CO2 transportation pipeline specifications and operation (e.g. internal corrosion). Such data have been identified by the Advanced Power Generation Technology Forum (APGTF) and the priorities specified in the UKCCRC Research And Pathways to Impact Delivery (RAPID) Handbook as being crucial for developing safe CO2 transportation in both the gaseous and dense phase. This Project has been designed to fill gaps in the available data, which are crucial for the safe implementation of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) because liquid water is highly acidic in the presence of excess CO2; this acidity can be increased by trace amounts of sulphur dioxide (SO2) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S), and this acidity will greatly accelerate corrosion in transportation pipelines and can cause further problems in sub-surface storage. Keeping water and CO2 in a single phase during transportation will largely avoid these problems. In Call 1, we set out to design and develop two complementary experimental approaches using either Infrared spectroscopy or Karl-Fischer titration. The key is now to understand the major implications for the complex range of CCS mixtures. A further complication is that the phase behaviour is highly dependent on both composition and temperature, therefore in order to fully understand the behaviour of water in the context of CCS requires further measurements. For this project we are targeting the needs outlined by National Grid in their letter for pre-combustion CCS where H2 is a likely contaminant. We have obtained preliminary data for H2 which shows that the effects may be greater than for N2, but this needs full validation. Furthermore, we propose to test the widespread assumption that the behaviour of O2 impurities will mirror that of N2. O2 is important in CCS coupled to the oxyfuel technology. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-185.

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project: Multiscale characterisation of CO2 storage in the United Kingdom
This is a partnership between Imperial College London and the British Geological Survey in which we combine our expertise in pore scale digital rock physics (DRP), reservoir condition Special Core Analysis (SCAL) and dynamic reservoir simulation to enhance modelling strategies for the prediction of the performance of CO2 storage sites leading to lower risk and optimised reservoir management. The proposal is at the forefront of the revolution in digital rock physics and will investigate pore-scale and core-scale processes of CO2 flow, dissolution and residual trapping in the laboratory and incorporate the results into existing and newly developed dynamic reservoir simulation models of major CO2 storage reservoirs in the UK. We leverage in-kind contributions of £213k in capital equipment and reservoir models. Building directly on a large body of experimental and simulation work, the outcomes of the proposed research will include the APGTF R&D roadmap targets of a multi-scale approach for 1.updated and risked first order CO2 storage capacity estimates , 2.an assessment of the value of different kinds of data (core samples, seismic) for strategic data acquisition targets and 3.robust strategies for reservoir management to enhance dissolution trapping and monitoring in the UK. The multiscale approach will be validated against field data from the Carbon Management Canada Field Research Station (CMC-FRS), using rock samples from the target reservoir intervals of the Medicine Hat and Belly River sandstone formations. An engagement and planning trip to the CMC-FRS will foster international engagement. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-197.

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project: Novel Materials and Reforming Processing Route for the Production of Ready-Separated CO2/N2/H2 from Natural Gas Feedstocks
The world's population is predicted to grow from the current 7 billions to a plateau of approximately 9.2 billions to be reached within the next 60 years, representing roughly a 30 % increase in a not so distant future. The need for more energy efficient methods of producing synthetic fertilisers to meet the resulting increases in food demand and in crude (and bio) oils refining operations -on crudes of ever poorer quality- motivates the scientific community to reconsider the limitations of the mature technologies of synthetic fertilisers production and hydro-refining processes (HDS, HDN, HDM, HDO, hydrocracking) which both rely on the supply of hydrogen. Synthetic fertilisers necessitate hydrogen and nitrogen as feedstocks to make ammonia, which represents the building block for other fertilisers such as urea or ammonium nitrate. The current cheapest and most common means of producing hydrogen is natural gas steam reforming. With an abundance of natural gas reserves becoming exploitable worldwide in recent years via the hydraulic fracturing of shale gas, and given the ever more severe regulations on atmospheric pollution caused by flaring of associated gas from refineries and oil extraction operations, the production of hydrogen is very likely to remain dominated in the years to come by the process of steam reforming using natural gas as its feedstock (aka 'steam methane reforming' or 'SMR'). Conventional SMR technology usually features many unit operations (desulphurisation, pre-reforming, primary reforming, furnace, high and low temperature water gas shift (HT-WGS, LT-WGS), and final separation, with as many heat integration steps in between the units in order to reach an energy efficiency of roughly 80%. This efficiency is only attainable thanks to economies of scale, and SMR plants are consequently enormous. To avoid storage and transport costs of H2, the ammonia/ammonium nitrate/urea plants, or refinery operations are usually conducted near the site of SMR, therefore the production of the final products of fertilisers or clean fuels is very centralised, and thus vulnerable, as well as incurring large distribution costs. With sources of natural gas becoming more remote, widely distributed, shorter lived and quickly relocated, the process of converting natural gas to the final products fertiliser/clean fuel should become more mobile, down-scaleable, as fracking gas wells see their production decay with time and move to different sites. This proposal seeks to reduce significantly the energy and materials demand for the conversion of natural gas feedstocks into ready separated streams of the H2, N2 and CO2 products of steam reforming (the building blocks of urea production) by coupling the in-situ high temperature CO2 capture during the reforming reactions on a solid sorbent (a process called 'sorption enhancement') with the process of chemical looping steam reforming. A process is proposed with only two reactors, a reformer and a pressure/temperature swing separator, appropriate for the new, mobile, small scale industrial utilisation of natural gas, through realising the multiple synergies that are unique to the coupled process, and through the avoidance of expensive materials and awkward reformer geometries. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-181.

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project: Novel reductive rejuvenation approaches for degraded amine solutions from PCC in power plants
Aqueous amine scrubbing was originally developed for natural gas treatment and is currently considered to be the current best available technology for post-combustion capture (PCC) of CO2 from both pulverised fuel (PF) and natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) power plants. A major issue is the severe thermo-oxidative degradation of alkanomaine solvents that occurs in PCC compared to natural gas processing, with the problem being compounded by the presence of acid gases that lead to the formation of heat stable salts (HSS). The accumulation of degradation products is known to reduce CO2 capture efficiency and cause excessive foaming and fouling and unacceptably high corrosion rates. Current measures to compensate for degradation involves purging spent solvent solution for reclaimation, makeup with fresh amine and the addition of anti-foam and oxidation/corrosion inhibitors. Reclaimer technologies based on distillation, ion-exchange and elecrodialysis have been developed to deal primarily with HSS where distillation has the advantage of removing both the HSS and their anions (i.e. formate and acetate). However, these technologies do not deal with the majority of the other degradation products, particularly those arising from thermal and oxidative degradation. Further, it has generally recognised that MEA forms high boiling polymeric material where N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediamine (HEEDA), in particular, may continue to degrade in the presence of CO2 to form longer substituted ethlyenediamines. This proposal has been prompted by our extremely promising preliminary results that the thermal and oxidative degradation of an amine polymer (polyethyleneimine) can largely be reversed using both hydrogenation and hydrothermal (hydrous) treatments. We used non-catalytic hydropyrolysis and hydrous pyrolysis treatments at temperatures below 250oC which were clearly effective in reducing oxygen functionalities without causing any degradation of the polymer chain. The challenge is to partially reduce degraded amines to hydroxyamines and also, for polymeric forms, to induce some hydrogenolysis to reduce chain lengths. Hydrous pyrolysis has the potential advantage of not directly requiring hydrogen with water being the hydrogen source. Judicious choice of catalysts provides selectivity for hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis and research on amine degradation in natural gas sweetening has shown degradation products, such as N,N-bis(2-hydroxy-ethyl)piperazine and N,N,N-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine, can be converted back to hydroxyamines by a hydrotreating reactions . •Directly targeting a high research priority identified by the RAPID Handbook, the proposed research aims to investigate novel reductive approaches for rejuvenating spent amine solutions from PCC plants, namely selective catalytic hydrotreatments at modest temperatures and H2 pressures and hydrous pyrolysis (hydrothermal conversion). The specific objectives are: 1.To apply the hydrogenation/ hydropyrolysis and hydrothermal treatments to individual compounds, including 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazolidone (HEIA), HEEDA, .N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide and N-methylformamide 2.Based on the model compound results, to conduct experiments on actual fractions from degraded amine solvents, notably the residues from distillation containing HSS and the compounds targeted above; and 3.To use the results to define the overall benefits hydrogenation, hydropyrolysis and hydrothermal treatments in solvent rejuvenation and a basis for planning the subsequent research needed to take forward these new treatments, in terms of identifying how these treatments can best be conducted continuously. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-189.

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project: Performance of Flow Meters with Dense Phase CO2 and CCS Recovery Streams
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies are critical for the UK to achieve its an ambitious target to reduce CO2 emissions by 80% by 2050. The development of an accurate, cost efficient and scalable metering technology that could be deployed in the commercial scale transportation of CO2 by pipeline for CCS purposes is critical for the deployment of CCS. However, current technologies employed in metering CO2 flows by pipeline are unable to provide the required levels of accuracy, particularly in situations where the CO2 stream contains different levels of impurities. Accordingly, in this project we will conduct laboratory trials to assess meters for accurate flow measurements, and ultimately develop technical specifications for accurate flow metering for CCS applications. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-201.

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project: Process-performance indexed design of task-specific ionic liquids for post-combustion CO2 capture
Increased population and increased economic activity have one important thing in common: increased energy demand. More and more, concern is mounting surrounding the broader environmental impact associated with this, and we are forced to consider the harsh reality that societies which systematically abuse and exploit their ecosystems tend not to survive. Historically, once a population had exhausted their local ecosystem, those who could, would relocate to another area, whilst those who could not tended to die out. In our globally connected world, we do not have the option of relocation; therefore it is imperative that we find a way to redress the adverse environmental impact that has historically been associated with anthropogenic economic activity. This work proposes to address one important aspect of this challenge; how to decarbonise power generation in a costeffective and environmentally benign manner. First patented in 1932, amine-based technologies for removing CO2 from the exhaust gases of large industrial processes are a well accepted and mature option. However, their deployment on a scale commensurate with the power generation industry would entail their utilisation on a scale of an entirely different order of magnitude. This step change brings with it two important challenges; the large cost resulting from the capital and ongoing operational cost associated with the deployment of CCS and also the possibility of ancillary environmental concerns resulting from the release of amines and their associated degradation products into the wider environment. This research proposes to solve this problem by using a new class of material, ionic liquids, for solvent based CO2 capture to produce carbon negative electricity - in effect taking CO2 out of the atmosphere and ultimately reversing global warming. Ionic liquids are an exciting new class of materials which, rather than being composed of molecules, are composed of individual anions and cations which interact to define their thermophysical properties. They are almost infinitely tunable as one can in effect design a task specific ionic liquid for a particular property, e.g., to absorb CO2. However, there is an important challenge associated with this; the sheer size of the potential design space. At the time of writing, there are approximately 109 potential combinations on anion and cation - far too many for design by experiment or heuristic. Thus, this research proposes to tackle this problem by performing this material design in a computational environment using a process performance index. In other words, the development and incorporation of a new theory for designing task specific ionic liquids in dynamic non-equilibrium models of a CO2 capture process and proposing new ionic liquids based on how they affect the efficiency of the power plant to which these processes are attached. The success criteria of this project are the development of a new, environmentally benign ionic liquids based CO2 capture process which reduces the cost of capture by approximately 40% in comparison with the current benchmark technology. Vital to the success of this work is the cutting edge collaboration between experimental and theoretical research groups in the Department of Chemical Engineering and the Centre for Environmental Policy at Imperial College London in addition to leading research groups in the Join BioEnergy Institute in San Francisco, USA. Important outputs of this work will be new technologies for the design of task specific ionic liquids in addition to designs operational strategies for ionic liquids based CO2 capture from large fixed point emission sources. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-199.

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project: Quantifying Residual and Dissolution Trapping in the CO2CRC Otway Injection Site
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a promising means of directly lowering CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion. However, concerns about the possibility of CO2 leakage are contributing to slow the widespread adoption of the technology. Research to date has failed to identify a cheap and effective means of measuring how CO2 injected underground is being stored. CO2 can be stored in four different ways: 1.Physically - where gaseous or liquid CO2 is trapped beneath an impermeable sealing cap rock. 2.Residually - where CO2 is trapped within individual and dead end spaces between rock grains (pores). 3.Solubility - where CO2 is dissolved into the formation water, which fills the pores between rock grains. 4.Mineralisation - where CO2 reacts with the host rock forming new carbonate minerals within the pores. Importantly, physically trapped CO2 is mobile and able to leak should a break form in the overlying sealing rocks. CO2 stored by the other three means is not mobile or buoyant, and hence will not migrate out of the CO2 storage site should the seal fail. It is therefore critical for reassurance to the public and regulators of CO2 storage that reliable ways to measure how much of the CO2 injected into the subsurface for storage is locked away in these secure means. Few research studies to date have quantified exactly how much CO2 is stored by residual and solubility trapping across an entire storage site. Estimations have been made from laboratory studies on rock core samples, but these only represent rocks from a small part of the CO2 storage site. Extending these results to infer how CO2 will be stored in the entire storage site is difficult as the rock cores do not represent the variation seen across the storage site. It is possible to use seismic waves to image the CO2 injected. This has proved to be a reliable means of imaging large amounts of CO2 but is unable to image thin layers of CO2 or % dissolved CO2 which makes it very difficult to quantify exactly how CO2 is being stored. Hence, there is a need to develop a reliable test which can be performed at a single CO2 injection well during assessment of a potential site for CO2 storage. This would allow the amount of CO2 which will be residually trapped in the storageformation to be determined. Such a test will lower the risk of mis-estimating the storage capacity of a site and provide a commercial operator with greater reassurance of the predictability of their proposed storage site. We will work with one of the world's leading research organisations focused on CCS, CO2CRC. They own and operate a dedicated research facility into CO2 storage, at Otway CO2 in Australia. This is uniquely suitable because in mid-2011 Otway undertook a successful experimental programme focused on determining residual trapping. Building on these experiments and in direct collaboration with CO2CRC we will use water geochemistry to establish the fate of CO2 injected into the Otway site by quantifying both the level of CO2 residually and solubility trapped and at what distance into the reservoir. This will be achieved using noble gas tracer injection and recovery, to determine residual trapping levels, and by independent oxygen stable isotope measurements to quantify the amount of CO2 dissolution. These tests will calibrate downhole geophysical techniques which CO2CRC will use. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-204.

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project: S-CAPE - Shelter and Escape in the Event of a Release of CO2 from CCS Infrastructure
The aim of this project is to develop validated and computationally efficient shelter and escape models describing the consequences of a carbon dioxide (CO2) release from Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) transport infrastructure to the surrounding population. The models will allow pipeline operators, regulators and standard setters to make informed and appropriate decisions regarding pipeline safety and emergency response. The primary objectives planned to achieve this aim are: 1.To produce an indoor shelter model, based on ventilation and air change theory, which will account for both wind and buoyancy driven CO2 ventilation into a building. The model will be capable of incorporating varying cloud heights, internal building divisions, internal and external temperature differences and impurities. 2.To create an external escape model that will determine the dosage received by an individual exposed to a cloud of CO2 outdoors. The model will be capable of incorporating multi-decision making by the individual in terms of the direction and speed of running, wind direction, the time taken to find shelter and the time required to make a decision, on becoming aware of the release. 3.To build a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model describing the effects of ingress of a CO2 cloud into a multicompartment building. 4.To validate the indoor shelter model and the CFD model against experimental test data for a CO2 release into a single compartment building. 5.To validate the indoor shelter model against further CO2 ingress scenarios modelled with CFD. 6.To conduct a sensitivity study using the shelter and escape models to calculate the dosage that an individual will be expected to receive under different conditions building height, window area, wind direction, temperature gradient, wind speed, atmospheric conditions, building size, running speed, direction of travel and reaction time. 7.To illustrate how the output from the models, in terms of dosage, can be used as input to Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) studies to determine safe distances between CO2 pipelines and population centres. 8.To demonstrate how the output from the models, in terms of dosage, can be used as input to the development of emergency response plans regarding the protection afforded by shelter and the likely concentrations remaining in a shelter after release. 9.To disseminate the findings of the research to relevant stakeholders through publication of academic journal papers as well as presentations at conferences, UKCCSRC meetings and relevant specialist workshops. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-179.

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project: The Development and Demonstration of Best Practice Guidelines for the Safe Start-up Injection of CO2 into Depleted Gas Fields
The aim of this proposal is to develop and validate a multi-phase flow model for simulating the highly transient flow phenomena taking place in the well-bore during start-up injection of CO2 mixtures into depleted gas fields. The objectives are to: 1.demonstrate the usefulness of the model developed based on its application to a real system as a test case; 2.use the findings in (1) to propose optimum injection strategies and develop Best Practice Guidelines for minimising the risks associated with the start-up injection of CO2 into depleted gas reservoirs. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-183.

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project: Towards more flexible power generation with CCS: pilot plant test campaigns for best practice guidelines for post-combustion capture
This project aims to build on and strengthen joint industry research programmes between Edinburgh, Doosan Power Systems in the UK and Sulzer ChemTech, a world leading manufacturer of separation processes equipment, with the objectives to move beyond current concepts for designing CO2 absorption columns for base-load operation, and towards new columns capable of meeting the requirements for flexible and highly dynamic operation of CCS power plants. It is an important research for the UK to ensure that conventional power plants fitted with CCS can become a source of dispatchable and low carbon energy to complement non-dispatchable renewable technologies such as wind or solar power. We propose to demonstrate the capabilities of novel ways to use solvent property instrumentation to significantly enhance the dynamic flexibility of the amine pilot plant at the UK CCS Research Centre Pilot Advanced Capture Testing facilities and to develop an underpinning understanding of the capabilities of state-of-the-art hardware, such as structured packing,liquid distributors, used in and around packed columns. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-214.

UKCCSRC Call 2 Project: UK demonstration of Enhanced Calcium looping, and first Global Demonstration of Advanced Doping Techniques
This project contributes significantly to the de-risking of a technology which has a significantly lower efficiency penalty than post-combustion capture using Monoethanolamine (MEA) scrubbing. The work here specifically targets two industrial sectors where MEA scrubbing is at a significant disadvantage (only ~ 30 % of the low-grade heat required for MEA scrubbing is present in a cement plant, for example [1]), and in both cases the spent CaO is valuable as an input to the process itself (either as the main feedstock for cement clinker production, or as a flux in iron production). The project builds on several current projects at both Imperial College and Cranfield University and offers excellent value for money because of these synergies. Grant number: UKCCSRC-C2-209.

UKCCSRC Spring 2020 Web Series presentations
UKCCSRC Grant EP/P026214/1. The UKCCSRC Spring Web Series ran from 30th March and running until 10th July 2020 relating to various aspects of carbon capture and storage. For more information see https://ukccsrc.ac.uk/web-series/ukccsrc-spring-web-series/.

UKCCSRC Summer 2020 Web Series presentations
UKCCSRC Grant EP/P026214/1. The UKCCSRC Summer Web Series ran from 21st July to 3rd September 2020 relating to various aspects of carbon capture and storage. For more information see https://ukccsrc.ac.uk/web-series/ukccsrc-summer-web-series/.

UKCCSRC: Experimental data from brine-CO2 flow-through test on an Utsira Sand core sample at Sleipner reservoirs conditions.
The spreadsheet gathers the data collected during an experiment conducted on a Utsira Sand formation core sample to complements and constrains existing geophysical monitoring surveys at Sleipner and, more generally, improves the understanding of shallow weakly-cemented sand reservoirs. The tests were conducted in the rock physics laboratory at the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, during 2016, as part of the DiSECCS project with funding from the United Kingdom’s Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC grant EP/K035878/1) and the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). The experiment was a steady state brine-CO2 flow-through test to simultaneously evaluate ultrasonic waves, electrical resistivity (converted into pore fluid distribution) and mechanical indicators during CO2 geosequestration in shallow weakly-cemented reservoirs. The confining and pore pressure conditions were similar to those estimated for Sleipner (North Sea – like storage reservoirs), but simulating inflation/depletion cyclic scenarios for increasing brine:CO2 fractional flow rates. The data include primary ultrasonic wave velocities and attenuation factors, axial and radial strains, and electrical resistivity. Also, we provide a velocity-saturation relationship of practical importance to CO2 plume monitoring, obtained from the inversion of ultrasonic velocity and attenuation data and extrapolation of results to field-scale seismic-frequencies using a new rock physics theory. The dataset is linked to this publication:

UKCP09 Climate projections and clay shrink-swell susceptibility
Shrink-swell is recognised as the most significant geohazard across Great Britain. This dataset identifies areas of shrink-swell hazard with increased potential due to changing climatic conditions based on forecasts derived from the UKCP09 research project. The dataset has been created at two levels of detail for different climatic scenarios and dates up to 2080. The Basic dataset is an overview at 2Km grid resolution whilst the more detailed Premium dataset is generated at a 50m resolution. The Open versions are simplified versions of the premium versions and are shared via GeoIndex. The premium versions are paid for products. UKCP09 - UK Climate Projections 2009 project

UKCP18 Climate projections and clay shrink-swell susceptibility
Shrink-swell is recognised as the most significant geohazard across Great Britain. This dataset identifies areas of shrink-swell hazard with increased potential due to changing climatic conditions based on forecasts derived from the UKCP18 climate projections. The dataset has been created at two levels of detail for RCP8.5 emissions scenario and dates up to 2070. The Basic dataset is an overview at 2Km grid resolution whilst the more detailed Premium dataset is generated at a 50m resolution. The Open versions are simplified versions of the premium versions and are shared via BGS GeoIndex. The premium versions are paid for products. UKCP18 - UK Climate Projections 2018 project RCP8.5 - A pathway where greenhouse gas emissions continue to grow unmitigated, leading to a best estimate global average temperature rise of 4.3°C by 2100. Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) are a method for capturing those assumptions within a set of scenarios.

UKGEOS Glasgow - GGC01 Initial Borehole Information Pack
The borehole information pack from borehole GGC01, site 10 of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility. This initial data release pack from BGS contains composite and digital wireline logs; drillers summary logs and prognosis; sample recovery information spreadsheets; and daily driller's borehole records. The cored, seismic monitoring borehole was drilled between 19 November and 12 December 2018 to 199m producing a core of 102 mm diameter. The borehole was wireline logged in December 2018 and a string of 5 seismometers were installed in February 2019. A range of fluid, water and core samples were taken during the drilling process.

UKGEOS Glasgow bedrock pre-drill model
The UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow bedrock model outputs, created by the British Geological Survey, provide a semi-regional overview of the depth and extent of bedrock lithostratigraphic units, coals and faults. The model allows users to visualise the likely subsurface sequence to be found beneath this part of Glasgow, applicable at a scale of around 1: 25,000 to 1: 10,000. The data is supplied as grids, triangulated surfaces and shapefiles over a 5 by 4.15 km area, with the depth range to around 350 m below Ordnance Datum. This model describes an interpretation of the bedrock geology before the UKGEOS Glasgow boreholes have been drilled, and was used to inform the expected sequence on drilling. Further details and model limitations can be found in the accompanying metadata report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/522737.

UKGEOS Glasgow Construction Phase Groundwater Chemistry Data Release
The data release includes groundwater chemistry data from 8 samples and 2 tap water samples collected during the borehole construction phase at the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility. This release from the British Geological Survey (BGS) covers water samples collected between December 2018 and December 2019 and then analysed for the concentrations of selected parameters at BGS and other laboratories. It contains a report and a data sheet. Further details can be found in the accompanying report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/530443

UKGEOS Glasgow GGA01 borehole information pack
The borehole information pack from borehole GGA01, site 01 of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility. This release from the British Geological Survey (BGS) contains BGS and Drillers’ logs, cased hole wireline data, a listing of archived rock chips and a descriptive report. The mine water characterisation and monitoring borehole was drilled between 11th June and 21st August 2019 (start of drilling to casing installation date) to 52 m drilled depth. The cased borehole was wireline logged and hydrogeologically tested in January 2020. Rock chip samples were taken during the drilling process and have been archived at the National Geological Repository at BGS Keyworth. Further details can be found in the accompanying report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/528075, DOI

UKGEOS Glasgow GGA02 borehole information pack
The borehole information pack from borehole GGA02, site 01 of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility. This release from the British Geological Survey (BGS) contains BGS and Drillers’ logs, cased hole wireline data, details on fibre-optic cable installation, a listing of archived rock chips and a descriptive report. The borehole was drilled between 17th June and 20th September 2019 (start of drilling to casing installation date) to 94.16 m drilled depth as a mine water characterisation and monitoring borehole. Unfortunately, during the final stages of construction grout entered inside the casing, the casing was damaged and the borehole is now available as a sensor testing borehole to 67.2 m. The cased borehole was wireline logged in January 2020. Rock chip samples were taken during the drilling process and have been archived at the National Geological Repository at BGS Keyworth. Further details can be found in the accompanying report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/528076 DOI

UKGEOS Glasgow GGA04 borehole information pack
The borehole information pack from borehole GGA04, site 02 of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility. This release from the British Geological Survey (BGS) contains BGS and Drillers’ logs, cased hole and open hole wireline data, a listing of archived rock chips and a descriptive report. The mine water characterisation and monitoring borehole was drilled between 28th June and 22nd October 2019 (start of drilling to casing installation date) to 53.63 m drilled depth. The cased borehole was wireline logged and hydrogeologically tested in January 2020. Rock chip samples were taken during the drilling process and have been archived at the National Geological Repository at BGS Keyworth. Further details can be found in the accompanying report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/528078 DOI

The borehole information pack from borehole GGA05, site 02 of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility. This release from the British Geological Survey (BGS) contains BGS and Drillers’ logs, cased hole and open hole wireline data, optical camera data, a listing of archived rock chips and a descriptive report. The mine water characterisation and monitoring borehole was drilled between 1st July and 11th October 2019 (start of drilling to casing installation date) to 88.5 m drilled depth. The cased borehole was wireline logged and hydrogeologically tested in January 2020. Rock chip samples were taken during the drilling process and have been archived at the National Geological Repository at BGS Keyworth. Further details can be found in the accompanying report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/528052 DOI

UKGEOS Glasgow GGA06r borehole information pack
The borehole information pack from borehole GGA06r, site 02 of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility. This release from the British Geological Survey (BGS) contains BGS and Drillers’ logs, a listing of archived rock chips and a descriptive report. The environmental baseline characterisation and monitoring borehole was drilled between 3rd July and 2nd August 2019 (start of drilling to casing installation date) to 16 m drilled depth. The cased borehole was hydrogeologically tested in January 2020. Rock chip samples were taken during the drilling process and have been archived at the National Geological Repository at BGS Keyworth. Further details can be found in the accompanying report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/528079 DOI

The borehole information pack from borehole GGA07, site 03 of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility. This release from the British Geological Survey (BGS) contains BGS and Drillers’ logs, cased hole and open hole wireline data, optical camera data, a listing of archived rock chips and a descriptive report. The mine water characterisation and monitoring borehole was drilled between 24th June and 16th December 2019 (start of drilling to casing installation date) to 56.9 m drilled depth. The cased borehole was wireline logged in January 2020 and hydrogeologically tested in February 2020. Rock chip samples were taken during the drilling process and have been archived at the National Geological Repository at BGS Keyworth. Further details can be found in the accompanying report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/528080 DOI

The borehole information pack from borehole GGA08, site 03 of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility. This release from the British Geological Survey (BGS) contains BGS and Drillers’ logs, cased hole and open hole wireline data, optical camera, CCTV data, a listing of archived rock chips and a descriptive report. The mine water characterisation and monitoring borehole was drilled between 25th June and 6th December 2019 (start of drilling to casing installation date) to 91.37 m drilled depth. The cased borehole was wireline logged in January 2020 and hydrogeologically tested in February 2020. Rock chip samples were taken during the drilling process and have been archived at the National Geological Repository at BGS Keyworth. Further details can be found in the accompanying report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/528081 DOI

UKGEOS Glasgow GGA09r borehole information pack
The borehole information pack from borehole GGA09r, site 03 of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility. This release from the British Geological Survey (BGS) contains BGS and Drillers’ logs, a listing of archived rock chips and a descriptive report. The environmental baseline characterisation and monitoring borehole was drilled between 26th June and 6th August 2019 (start of drilling to casing installation date) to 16 m drilled depth. The cased borehole was hydrogeologically tested in Febuary 2020. Rock chip samples were taken during the drilling process and have been archived at the National Geological Repository at BGS Keyworth. Further details can be found in the accompanying report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/528082 DOI

UKGEOS Glasgow GGB04 borehole information pack
The borehole information pack from borehole GGB04, site 05 of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility. This release from the British Geological Survey (BGS) contains BGS and Drillers’ logs, a listing of archived rock chips and a descriptive report. The environmental baseline characterisation and monitoring borehole was drilled between 4th July and 1st August 2019 (start of drilling to casing installation date) to 16 m drilled depth. The cased borehole was hydrogeologically tested in Febuary 2020. Rock chip samples were taken during the drilling process and have been archived at the National Geological Repository at BGS Keyworth. Further details can be found in the accompanying report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/528083 DOI

UKGEOS Glasgow GGB05 borehole information pack
The borehole information pack from borehole GGB05, site 05 of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility. This release from the British Geological Survey (BGS) contains BGS and Drillers’ logs, a listing of archived rock chips and a descriptive report. The environmental baseline characterisation and monitoring borehole was drilled between 5th July and 11th October 2019 (start of drilling to casing installation date) to 46 m drilled depth. The cased borehole was hydrogeologically tested in Febuary 2020. Rock chip samples were taken during the drilling process and have been archived at the National Geological Repository at BGS Keyworth. Further details can be found in the accompanying report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/528084 DOI:

UKGEOS Glasgow GGC01 Final Borehole Information Pack
The borehole information pack from borehole GGC01, site 10 of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility. This final data release pack from BGS contains geophysical (MSCL-S), Near Infrared (NIR) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF; mineralogical and chemical) core scan and core-wireline depth integration data, in addition to sedimentology, discontinuity and engineering logs, core scan optical and X-ray images, composite and digital wireline logs, drillers' summary logs and prognosis, sample recovery information spreadsheets and daily drillers' borehole records that were contained within the now-superseded intermediate data release. The cored, seismic monitoring borehole was drilled between 19 November and 12 December 2018 to 199m producing a core of 102 mm diameter. The borehole was wireline logged in December 2018 and a string of 5 seismometers were installed in February 2019. A range of fluid, water and core samples were taken during the drilling process. The borehole information pack- final release contains a range of logs on the core as well as images and scans of that core, these data were acquired in the first half of 2019 and late 2020/early 2021. The final data release for GGC01 includes: 1. UKGEOSGlasgow_GGC01_Final.zip file that includes the majority of the various data files, including files from the intermediate and initial data packs. 2. UKGEOSGlasgowGGC01_slabbedhighresimages.zip that contains the slabbed core optical images, 51GB in size. 3. Intermediate Borehole Information Pack - Part Two, high resolution whole core optical and radiographic images https://doi.org/10.5285/0b49f25b-a5d6-401c-98ff-397ad9ee9ed1 71GB in size, already released. Further details and model limitations can be found in the accompanying report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/530762

UKGEOS Glasgow GGC01 Intermediate Borehole Information Pack - Part One
The borehole information pack from borehole GGC01, site 10 of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility. This intermediate data release pack from BGS contains sedimentology, discontinuity and engineering logs, as well as the information contained within the initial release: composite and digital wireline logs; drillers summary logs and prognosis; sample recovery information spreadsheets; and daily driller's borehole records. The cored, seismic monitoring borehole was drilled between 19 November and 12 December 2018 to 199m producing a core of 102 mm diameter. The borehole was wireline logged in December 2018 and a string of 5 seismometers were installed in February 2019. A range of fluid, water and core samples were taken during the drilling process. The borehole information pack- intermediate release contains a range of logs on the core as well as images of that core, these data were acquired in the first half of 2019. More information is available in the accompanying metadata report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/525009.

UKGEOS Glasgow GGC01 Intermediate Borehole Information Pack - Part Two
The borehole information pack from borehole GGC01, site 10 of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility. This intermediate data release pack from BGS contains core scan optical and X-ray images from the core scanning facility at BGS Keyworth. The cored, seismic monitoring borehole was drilled between 19 November and 12 December 2018 to 199m producing a core of 102 mm diameter. The borehole was wireline logged in December 2018 and a string of 5 seismometers were installed in February 2019. A range of fluid, water and core samples were taken during the drilling process. The borehole information pack- intermediate release contains a range of logs on the core as well as images of that core, these data were acquired in the first half of 2019. More information is available in the accompanying metadata report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/525009.

UKGEOS Glasgow groundwater and surface water chemistry dataset release (2020-2021) version 2
The data release includes surface and groundwater chemistry data from 86 samples (20 surface water, 60 ground water, and 6 ground water duplicates) collected during the baseline water monitoring at the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility. This release from the British Geological Survey (BGS) covers surface and groundwater samples collected between 14 September 2020 and 20 May 2021 from 6 surface water sites, 5 mine water boreholes, and 5 environmental monitoring boreholes. The samples were then analysed for the concentrations of selected parameters at BGS and other laboratories. It contains a report and 2 data sheets GroundWaterChemData1 and SurfaceWaterChemData2. Version 2 06/09/2023 - Edits made to create consistency with subsequent data release, field included erroneously, removed.

UKGEOS Glasgow groundwater and surface water chemistry dataset release (2020–2021)
The data release includes surface and groundwater chemistry data from 86 samples (20 surface water, 60 ground water, and 6 ground water duplicates) collected during the baseline water monitoring at the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility. This release from the British Geological Survey (BGS) covers surface and groundwater samples collected between 14 September 2020 and 20 May 2021 from 6 surface water sites, 5 mine water boreholes, and 5 environmental monitoring boreholes. The samples were then analysed for the concentrations of selected parameters at BGS and other laboratories. It contains a report and 2 data sheets GroundWaterChemData1 and SurfaceWaterChemData2. Further details can be found in the accompanying report https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/532731/ . Detailed methodologies are reported in Fordyce (2021, http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/529818/ and Palumbo-Roe (2021, http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/531098/ ).

UKGEOS Glasgow groundwater and surface water chemistry dataset release (2021–2022)
The data release includes surface and groundwater chemistry data from 99 samples (33 surface water, 60 groundwater, and 6 groundwater duplicates) collected during the baseline water monitoring at the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility. This release from the British Geological Survey (BGS) covers surface and groundwater samples collected between 22 June 2021 and 28 January 2022 from 6 surface water sites, 5 mine water boreholes, and 5 environmental monitoring boreholes. The samples were then analysed for the concentrations of selected parameters at BGS and other laboratories. It contains a report and 2 data sheets GroundWaterChemData2 and SurfaceWaterChemData3.

UKGEOS Glasgow Hydrogeological Test Pumping Data Release
The data release includes initial interpretation from test pumping of boreholes at the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility. This release from the British Geological Survey (BGS) covers a programme of test pumping carried out in ten boreholes in January and February 2020. It contains contractors reports and data sheets, BGS data sheets of data logger and manual dip data in the pumped borehole and in the observation boreholes. Step tests and five hour constant rate tests were performed in nine of the boreholes and a slug (falling/rising/head) test was performed in one borehole. Further details can be found in the accompanying report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/530507

UKGEOS Glasgow post-drill bedrock model
The UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow bedrock model outputs, created by the British Geological Survey, provide a semi-regional overview of the depth and extent of bedrock lithostratigraphic units, coals and faults. The model allows users to visualise the likely subsurface sequence to be found beneath this part of Glasgow, applicable at a scale of around 1: 25,000 to 1: 10,000. The data is supplied as grids, triangulated surfaces and shapefiles over a 5 by 4.15 km area, with the depth range to around 350 m below Ordnance Datum. This model describes an interpretation of the bedrock geology after the UKGEOS Glasgow boreholes had been drilled, the results of the nine UKGEOS boreholes that penetrated bedrock have been incorporated. Further details and model limitations can be found in the accompanying metadata report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/531157/

UKGEOS Glasgow post-drill coal mine model
The UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow 3D coal mine model outputs, created by the British Geological Survey, provide a semi-regional overview of the depth and extent of surveyed and probable coal mine workings, plus stone and coal roads surveyed within the mines. The model allows users to visualise the surveyed and probable coal mine workings to be found beneath this part of Glasgow, applicable at a scale of around 1: 25,000 to 1: 10,000. The data is supplied as grids, triangulated surfaces over a 5 by 4.15 km area, with the depth range to around 300 m below Ordnance Datum. The mine extents are ‘cut out’ of the UKGEOS Glasgow post-drill bedrock model. This model describes both surveyed (recorded on mine abandonment plan) and probable coal mine workings. An area of probable workings has been updated to account for the results of drilling borehole GGC01. Further details and model limitations can be found in the accompanying metadata report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/531157/

UKGEOS Glasgow post-drill superficial deposits model
The UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow superficial deposits GSI3D model outputs, created by the British Geological Survey, provide a semi-regional overview of the depth, thickness and extent of glacial and post-glacial lithostratigraphic units above rockhead. The model allows users to visualise the likely subsurface sequence to be found beneath this part of Glasgow, applicable at a scale of around 1: 25,000 to 1: 10,000. The data is supplied as grids and shapefiles over a 7 by 4.15 km area, with the depth range to around 40 m below Ordnance Datum. This model describes an interpretation of the shallow geology updated to incorporate the results of drilling the 12 UKGEOS Glasgow boreholes (post-drill model). Further details and model limitations can be found in the accompanying metadata report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/531155/ . DOI: https://doi.org/10.5285/915f690f-32cf-41b7-984e-c32344d3a543

UKGEOS Glasgow pre-drill coal mine model
The UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow 3D coal mine model outputs, created by the British Geological Survey, provide a semi-regional overview of the depth and extent of surveyed and probable coal mine workings, plus stone and coal roads surveyed within the mines. The model allows users to visualise the surveyed and probable coal mine workings to be found beneath this part of Glasgow, applicable at a scale of around 1: 25,000 to 1: 10,000. The data is supplied as grids, triangulated surfaces over a 5 by 4.15 km area, with the depth range to around 300 m below Ordnance Datum. The mine extents are ‘cut out’ of the UKGEOS Glasgow pre-drill bedrock model. This model describes both surveyed (recorded on mine abandonment plan) and probable coal mine workings before the UKGEOS Glasgow boreholes have been drilled, and was used to inform the expected sequence on drilling. Further details and model limitations can be found in the accompanying metadata report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/522737

UKGEOS Glasgow Soil Chemistry 03_18 dataset
The UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility, baseline soil geochemistry dataset released from the BGS comprises an excel file with two spreadsheets. The first spreadsheet contains information on the chemical composition of 90 topsoil (0 - 20 cm) samples collected from seven initially proposed borehole sites for the UKGEOS Glasgow facility, and from two control sites, in February-March 2018 (03-18). Ten samples were collected from each site prior to installation of the UKGEOS Glasgow facility, and underwent laboratory analysis. Chemical data for pH and the total concentrations of 54 inorganic and 75 organic substances in the soil samples are presented. In addition, the dataset contains locational and descriptive information about the samples noted during sampling. The analyte name, element chemical symbols, analytical method, units of measurement and limits of quantification are recorded in header rows at the top of the spreadsheet. The dataset includes qualifiers, highlighting any quality control issues reported with the data. The data qualifiers are explained in the second spreadsheet released with the data. Further details about the dataset can be found in the accompanying report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/527798/.

UKGEOS Glasgow summary borehole information (Cuningar Loop)
This summary borehole information release is for ‘as-built’ mine water and environmental baseline monitoring boreholes of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility at Cuningar Loop. The information pack from BGS contains a brief report with summary tables of locations, drilled depths, screened intervals and illustrative interpretations, and is accompanied with a spreadsheet and shapefile of the borehole locations and drilled depths. The purpose is to give potential users of the Glasgow Observatory an outline of the as-built infrastructure including condition of the target mine workings, as a summary of the more detailed information packs for each borehole. This dataset was updated in June 2020. Further details can be found in the accompanying report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/526889

UKGEOS Glasgow superficial deposits pre-drill model
The UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow superficial deposits GSI3D model outputs, created by the British Geological Survey, provide a semi-regional overview of the depth, thickness and extent of glacial and post-glacial lithostratigraphic units above rockhead. The model allows users to visualise the likely subsurface sequence to be found beneath this part of Glasgow, applicable at a scale of around 1: 25,000 to 1: 10,000. The data is supplied as grids and shapefiles over a 7 by 4.15 km area, with the depth range to around 40 m below Ordnance Datum. This model describes an interpretation of the shallow geology before the UKGEOS Glasgow boreholes have been drilled, and was used to inform the expected sequence on drilling. Further details and model limitations can be found in the accompanying metadata report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/524556

UKGEOS Glasgow Surface Water Chemistry Dataset1 – release (2019-2020)
The UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow baseline surface water chemistry dataset1 released from the BGS comprises an excel file with two spreadsheets. The first spreadsheet contains information on the chemical composition of 98 surface water samples (84 samples and 14 field duplicates) collected monthly for 14 months between February 2019 and March 2020 from six sampling locations. These comprised three on the River Clyde at the UKGEOS Glasgow Cuningar Loop borehole cluster and three from control sites (two on the River Clyde and one on the Tollcross Burn). Field measurements of pH, redox potential, specific electrical conductance, temperature, dissolved oxygen and alkalinity and laboratory chemical data for concentrations of 71 inorganic and 10 organic substances in the surface water samples are presented. The dataset contains locational and descriptive information about the samples also. The analyte name, element chemical symbols, analytical method, units of measurement and long-term limits of detection are recorded in header rows at the top of the spreadsheet. The limits of detection/quantification for each monthly batch of samples are documented in rows at the head of each batch. The dataset includes abbreviations documenting quality control issues such as missing values. A guide to abbreviations used in the dataset is provided in the second excel spreadsheet released with the data. Further details about the dataset can be found in the accompanying report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/529818.

UKGEOS Glasgow Test Pumping Groundwater Chemistry Data Release
The data release includes groundwater chemistry data from 15 samples collected during the borehole test pumping phase at the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Glasgow facility. This release from the British Geological Survey (BGS) covers groundwater samples collected between 14 January 2020 and 21 February 2020 and then analysed for the concentrations of selected parameters at BGS and other laboratories. It contains a report and 2 data sheets. Further details can be found in the accompanying report http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/531098/.

UKGEOS Cheshire - BHA-101 Initial Borehole Information Pack
This data pack contains information from geotechnical and contaminated land investigations carried out at potential sites for the development of the UK Geoenergy Observatory in Cheshire. Following these investigations, a decision was made to move the proposed observatory to Thornton Science Park. None of the sites discussed in this data pack are in scope for development as part of the Cheshire Observatory. In total 16 holes were drilled using a variety of techniques. The only hole to be drilled using rotary coring was BHA-101. This borehole was cored extensively and logged with wireline geophysical tools. As such this is the main focus of the data pack. BHA-101 was drilled to TD of 121.2 m between 19-Nov-2020 and 09-Dec-2020. Drill core was collected from 51 m – 121 mm with 100 mm diameter. This initial data release pack from BGS contains composite and digital wireline logs alongside daily driller's borehole records.

UKGEOS Cheshire - TH0424 Final Borehole Information Pack
The final borehole information pack from the TH0424 Ground Investigation Borehole drilled as part of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Cheshire facility. TH0424 was drilled to TD of 101 m between the 08-Nov-2021 and 30 Nov-2021. Drill core was collected from 2 m – 101 m with 100 mm diameter. This final data release pack from BGS contains composite and digital wireline logs alongside daily driller's borehole records, sedimentary and discontinuity logging and core analysis data. This information pack also contains the Initial and additional Core Scanning datasets from the BGS Core Scanning Facility ( https://doi.org/10.5285/b06d44e6-324d-4e19-bf78-a4520b9b87c8 and

UKGEOS Cheshire - TH0424 Initial Borehole Information Pack
The initial borehole information pack from the TH0424 Ground Investigation Borehole drilled as part of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Cheshire facility. TH0424 was drilled to TD of 101 m between the 08-Nov-2021 and 30-Nov-2021. Drill core was collected from 2 m – 101 mm with 100 mm diameter. This initial data release pack from BGS contains composite and digital wireline logs alongside daily driller's borehole records. This information pack also contains the Initial Core Scan dataset from the BGS Core Scanning Facility (

UKGEOS Cheshire Ince Marshes BHA-101 Core Scanning Dataset
A core scanning dataset from the BHA-101 drill core that was drilled onshore at the Ince Marshes site near the village of Elton, Cheshire, UK as part of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Cheshire ground investigation funded by UKRI/NERC. This core scanning dataset pack contains high-resolution optical and radiographic images, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and physical property downcore point measurements on core from 71.12 m to 121.1 m (Sherwood Sandstone Group) obtained at the Core Scanning Facility (CSF) at the British Geological Survey (BGS).

UKGEOS Cheshire TH0424 Additional Core Scanning Dataset
An additional core scanning dataset from the TH0424 drill core that was drilled onshore at Thornton Science Park, Cheshire, UK as part of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Cheshire ground investigation funded by UKRI/NERC. The approximately 100 m long core succession comprises the Sherwood Sandstone Group. This additional core scanning dataset pack contains high-resolution optical images and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) downcore point measurements obtained using a Geotek Core Workstation (MSCL-XYZ) at the Core Scanning Facility (CSF) at the British Geological Survey (BGS).

UKGEOS Cheshire TH0424 Additional Core Scanning Dataset (superseded)
An additional core scanning dataset from the TH0424 drill core that was drilled onshore at Thornton Science Park, Cheshire, UK as part of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Cheshire ground investigation funded by UKRI/NERC. The approximately 100 m long core succession comprises the Sherwood Sandstone Group. This additional core scanning dataset pack contains high-resolution optical images and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) downcore point measurements obtained using a Geotek Core Workstation (MSCL-XYZ) at the Core Scanning Facility (CSF) at the British Geological Survey (BGS).

UKGEOS Cheshire TH0424 Initial Core Scanning Dataset
An initial core scanning dataset from the TH0424 borehole that was drilled onshore at Thornton Science Park, Cheshire, UK as part of the UK Geoenergy Observatories (UKGEOS) Cheshire ground investigation funded by UKRI/NERC. The approximately 100 m long core succession comprises the Sherwood Sandstone Group. The core scanning dataset contains X-ray radiographic images and geophysical property data obtained using a Geotek rotating X-ray computed tomography (RXCT) core scanner and a Geotek multi-sensor core logger (MSCL-S) at the Core Scanning Facility (CSF) at the British Geological Survey (BGS).

Ultrasonic and mechanical data from laboratory shear failure experiments in fluid saturated Westerly granite (NERC Grant NE/S000852/1)
Data recorded during triaxial rock deformation experiments of Westerly granite in the presence of pressurised pore fluids (water). Data consists of mechanical data (load, displacement, confining pressure) and pore pressure data (up- and downstream pore pressure, upstream intensifier volume, four pore pressure transducers mounted on sample) for two experiments, recorded at low and high acquisition frequencies. Also contains .h5 files with all ultrasonic waveforms (active surveys and acoustic emissions). Dataset complementary to dataset ID165485 . Contains all data necessary to evaluate the results presented in the paper entitled: 'Rupture and afterslip controlled by spontaneous local fluid flow in crustal rock' by Aben and Brantut, submitted to Geophysical Research Letters, and available at arXiv (arXiv:).

Ultrasonic Shear Wave Velocity and Attenuation during methane hydrate formation in water saturated sandstone (NERC Grant NE/J020753/1)
This dataset is of laboratory ultrasonic shear wave measurements during methane hydrate formation in water saturated Berea sandstone using pulse echo method. We formed methane hydrate and took shear wave measurements during the formation process at different time interval. The hydrate saturation was calculated from measured pressure and temperature changes. This data set was used to show how shear wave velocity and attenuation can be used to estimate permeability of hydrate-bearing geological formations. We observed that velocity and attenuation both increase with hydrate saturation, with two peaks in attenuation at hydrate saturations of around 6% and 20% that correspond to changes in gradient of velocity. These laboratory experiments were conducted in National Oceanography Centre, Southampton by Sourav Sahoo with technical support provided by Laboratory Manager Laurence North. Sourav Sahoo interpreted the data. The hydrate formation process continued for few days and measurements were done mostly during daytime due to limited laboratory access during the night. This data set has been used for the paper published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth (DOI 10.1029/2021JB022206)

Uncertainty in recharge values at selected boreholes across Europe
A dataset showing the locations of the boreholes where LTA recharge values are calculated together with percentile values to address uncertainty. Clicking a borehole will lead to a figure showing the LTA values (mm/year) and the corresponding percentile values. Values are best used for guidance only.

Unconventional gas plays in the North Sea
This dataset describes the gas resources in shales and other tight reservoirs in the North Sea area. The hydrocarbon content is estimated using Monte Carlo simulations. The estimates of adsorped gas, free gas and GIIP (Gas Initially In Place) are shown for the percentiles P10, P50 and P90. At P90, 90% of the calculated estimates will be equal or exceed the shown figure. At P10, it is only 10% of the calculated estimates that exceed the shown value. A more detailed description of the data is found in the report, GARAH Deliverable 2.3. Updated assessment of the conventional and unconventional resources of the North Sea Basin.

Unconventional oil plays in the North Sea
This dataset describes the oil resources in shales and other tight reservoirs in the North Sea area. The hydrocarbon content is estimated using Monte Carlo simulations. The estimates of free oil in 106 m3 or in 106 barrels are shown for the percentiles P10, P50 and P90. At P90, 90% of the calculated estimates will be equal or exceed the shown figure. At P10, it is only 10% of the calculated estimates that exceed the shown value. A more detailed description of the data is found in the report, GARAH Deliverable 2.3. Updated assessment of the conventional and unconventional resources of the North Sea Basin.

Understanding how the mantle transition-zone 'valve' controls slab fate (NERC grants NE/I024429/1)
This dataset holds the output of all the simulations in the Open Access article - Garel, F., S. Goes, D. R. Davies, J. H. Davies, S. C. Kramer, and C. R. Wilson, Interaction of subducted slabs with the mantle transition-zone: A regime diagram from 2-D thermo-mechanical models with a mobile trench and an overriding plate, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 15, 1739-1765, doi 10.1002/2014GC005257, 2014.

Understanding The Micro-To Macro Behaviour Of Rock-Fluid Systems - M2M
The M2M Thematic Programme funded 17 scientific investigation projects leading to more unified physical understanding of fluid flow distributions in heterogeneous rock. The programme focused on developing an understanding of the relationships between measured and modelled subsurface fluid flows spanning the range of spatial and temporal scales relevant to fluid resource management. The programme was motivated by the growing recognition that assumptions of uniformity at certain scales are inadequate for extrapolating fluid behaviour both in time and space. Research spanning a wide spectrum of observation and simulation scales was undertaken by the programme which can be divided into four themes: (1) understanding the natural processes which lead to scaling relationships between size and magnitude of rock and flow heterogeneity; (2) quantification of essential fluid flow properties and their spatial pattern from measurements;(3) identification of appropriate statistical models and scaling laws describing rock property heterogeneity and fluid-rock interactions in geological media;(4) understanding the relationships between rock property distributions and flow model parameter distributions.

University of Bergen (UIB) Geophysical Survey 1996/3: Norwegian Sea (07/07/1996 to 18/07/1996)
This sampling and geophysical survey has been carried out by University of Bergen in collaboration with British Geological Survey (BGS), the survey took place in July 1996 on the North Sea Margin (North Sea Fan; Miller Slide and Faeroe-Shetland Channel) on board the RV Hakon Mosby. The purpose was to collect data as a contribution to the Europen Union’s project “European North Atlantic Margin (ENAM II): Quantification and modelling of large-scale sedimentary processes and fluxes” program. Sea floor data were collected using echo sounder. Sub-bottom profiling data were collected using airgun and deep tow boomer. Sample data were collected using gravity corer. These data are archived by University of Bergen, copy seismic records archived by BGS. Technical details of the survey are contained in University of Bergen ENAM II cruise report No. 2 (Non-BGS report reference 2006/9).

University of Bergen (UIB) Geophysical Survey 2000/2_COSTA: AFEN Slide on the Shetlands Margin (09/Aug/2000 to 15/Aug/2000)
This marine geophysical survey took place in August 2000 on board the RV Hakon Mosby on the AFEN slide, Shetlands margin area. This was a joint contribution of the University of Bergen and the British Geological Survey to the EU COSTA (Continental Slope Stability) project. The main objective of the COSTA project is the assessment of continental slope stability along the European Continental Margin with respect to natural processes and human activity. Subsurface seismic data was collected using BGS Deep-tow boomer and Halliburton sleeve gun system. Technical details of the survey are contained in University of Bergen report 100-02/00 (BGS2000/074).

Uranium-lead (U-Pb) dating of the Wensleydale Granite, Yorkshire Dales, UK
We undertook U-Pb analysis - both high precision ID-TIMS and high spatial resolution LA-MC-ICP-MS – to determine the age of the Wensleydale Granite. This was done in order to resolve the ambiguity surrounding an earlier (1974) Rb/Sr age determination.

Uranium and Thorium activity data in sediment cores in the North Atlantic Ocean (NERC Grant NE/M004619/1)
Activity (dpm/g) of Uranium and thorium isotopes from 3 sediment cores in the North Atlantic: ODP980, ODP983, EW9302-2JPC. Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 980 was drilled in July 1995 in the North Atlantic Ocean, on the Feni Drift, off the eastern edge of the Rockall Plateau at 55.49°N, 14.70°W. Hole 980A Position: 55°29.087'N, 14°42.134'W. Hole 980B Position: 55°29.094'N, 14°42.137'W. ODP Site 983 was drilled was drilled in July 1995 and is located on the Bjorn Drift in approximately 1650 m water depth on the eastern flank of the Reykjanes Ridge. Hole 983A Position: 60°24.200'N, 23°38.437'W. Site EW9302-2JPC, an ODP Site Survey in 1993, of Rockall Plateau and East Flank of Reykjanes Ridge from the Flemish Cap in the south- eastern Labrador Sea (Figure 1). EW9302-2JPC Position: 4847.700 N, 4505.090 W, taken at water depth 1251m.

Uranium in stream sediment
THIS DATASET HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN **This dataset was created for the "Britain beneath our feet" atlas using information extracted from the Geochemical Baseline Survey Of The Environment (G-BASE) For The UK . For Uranium in stream sediment data please see Geochemical Baseline Survey Of The Environment (G-BASE) For The UK ** Geochemical Baseline Survey Of The Environment (G-BASE) coverage for Uranium in stream sediment. The G-BASE programme involves systematic sampling and the determination of chemical elements in samples of stream sediment, stream water and, locally, soil, to build up a picture of the surface chemistry of the UK. The average sample density for stream sediments and water is about one site per 1.5-2km square. Analytical precision is high with strict quality control to ensure countrywide consistency. Results have been standardised to ensure seamless joins between geochemical sampling campaigns. The data provide baseline information on the natural abundances of elements, against which anomalous values due to such factors as mineralisation and industrial contamination may be compared.

Uranium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Uranium (U), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Uranium isotopes (234U/235U/238U) and uranium concentration data on a suite of terrestrial and extra-terrestrial samples. (NERC grant NE/H023933/1)
This data compilation contains uranium isotopes (234U/235U/238U) and concentration data on a suite of terrestrial and extra-terrestrial samples for understanding the uranium isotope cycling on Earth. Sample list includes meteorites (ordinary chondrites, eucrites), mantle-derived basalts (Ocean Island Basalts, Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts), arc volcanics, altered oceanic crust (ODP 801), volcanici-clastic sediments, seawater, fossil corals and organic-rich sediments (From the Black Sea and Cariaco Basin).

Urban Geo Footprint city analysis and city geo factsheets
Abstract comes here...

Urban Soil Chemistry
This dataset has now been superseded, please see the Estimated Urban Soil Chemistry dataset. There are two themes to BGS urban soil chemistry, the point source dataset and the estimated dataset. The point source urban soil chemistry data comprises the locations and concentrations (mg kg-1) of Arsenic (As). Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni) and Lead (Pb) in urban topsoil samples. The Estimated Urban Soil Chemistry data indicates the estimated geometric mean concentrations (mg kg-1) of As, Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb in topsoil derived by spatial interpolation of the Point Source Urban Soil Chemistry data. Both urban soil chemistry datasets are derived from high resolution urban soil geochemical data from the BGS Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment (G-BASE) project. The Urban Soil Chemistry data can be used to assist Local Planning Authorities to identify those areas where a risk assessment may need to be carried out by developers. Comparison of this spatially referenced geochemical data with information on current or historic land use and geological information might help environmental professionals decide whether high PHE concentrations in topsoils can be attributed to geogenic or anthropogenic sources. The dataset is based on, and limited to, an interpretation of the records in the possession of the BGS at the time the dataset was created.

URGENT - Urban Regeneration And The Environment
Programme of research funded by the Natural Environment Research Council. URGENT aims to stimulate the regeneration of the urban environment through understanding and managing the interaction of natural and man-made processes. Projects throughout the UK first set up in 1997 and completed in 2005. It was supported by partners from British industry, local authorities and Government agencies. A total of 40 URGENT projects in four key areas - air, water, soil and ecology. The projects aim was to determine the magnitude of urban environmental problems and risks, to understand the underlying patterns and processes that affect them, and to produce effective strategies for control and managment which will be accessible to users both in the UK and abroad.

Usługa ATOM feed dla zbioru 'Geofizyka-sejsmika'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia obiekty geofizyczne na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology - Geophysics.

Usługa ATOM feed dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - grawimetria [1]'

Usługa ATOM feed dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - grawimetria [2]'

Usługa ATOM feed dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - grawimetria [3]'

Usługa ATOM feed dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - magnetotelluryka'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia obiekty geofizyczne z zakresu magnetotelluryki na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology - Geophysics.

Usługa ATOM feed dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - magnetyka [1]'

Usługa ATOM feed dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - magnetyka [2]'

Usługa ATOM feed dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - magnetyka [3]'

Usługa ATOM feed dla zbioru 'Hydrogeologia'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia obiekty hydrogeologiczne na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology – Hydrogeology.

Usługa ATOM feed dla zbioru 'Mapa Geologiczna Bałtyku w skali 1:200 000 – osady powierzchniowe'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia mapę geologiczną Bałtyku w skali 1:200 000 - osady powierzchniowe. Podstawą wyróżnienia typów osadów była klasyfikacja F.P. Sheparda. Zbiór danych zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology – Geologic Map.

Usługa ATOM feed dla zbioru 'Mapa Geologiczna Bałtyku w skali 1:200 000 – osady w podłożu'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia mapę geologiczną Bałtyku w skali 1:200 000 - osady w podłożu. Podstawą wyróżnienia typów osadów była klasyfikacja F.P. Sheparda. Zbiór danych zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology – Geologic Map.

Usługa ATOM feed dla zbioru 'Mapa Geologiczna Polski'
Zharmonizowane zbiory danych map geologicznych Polski w skali co najmniej 1:500 000. Zbiór danych zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology – Geologic Map.

Usługa ATOM feed dla zbioru 'Odwierty'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia odwierty na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology – Boreholes.

Usługa ATOM feed dla zbioru 'Odwierty na potrzeby szczelinowania hydraulicznego'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia odwierty na potrzeby szczelinowania hydraulicznego na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology – Boreholes.

Usługa ATOM feed dla zbioru 'Zasoby energetyczne'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia zasoby energetyczne na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Energy Resources.

Usługa pobierania WFS dla Centralnej Bazy Danych Geologicznych: podsystem Otwory
Usługa pobierania umożliwiająca pobieranie danych z podsystemu Otwory CBDG. Usługa wykorzystuje interfejs WFS OGC w wersji 2.0.0.

Usługa przeglądania danych WMS podsystemu Otwory Centralnej Bazy Danych Geologicznych
Usługa przeglądania danych podsystemu Otwory Centralnej Bazy Danych Geologicznych. Usługa spełnia wymagania specyfikacji INSPIRE dla usług przeglądania (INSPIRE View Service). Usługa wykorzystuje interfejs WMS OGC w wersji 1.3.0.

Usługa WFS dla zbioru 'Geofizyka-sejsmika'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia obiekty geofizyczne na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology - Geophysics.

Usługa WFS dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - grawimetria [1]'

Usługa WFS dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - grawimetria [2]'

Usługa WFS dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - grawimetria [3]'

Usługa WFS dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - magnetotelluryka'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia obiekty geofizyczne z zakresu magnetotelluryki na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology - Geophysics.

Usługa WFS dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - magnetyka [1]'

Usługa WFS dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - magnetyka [2]'

Usługa WFS dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - magnetyka [3]'

Usługa WFS dla zbioru 'Hydrogeologia'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia obiekty hydrogeologiczne na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology – Hydrogeology.

Usługa WFS dla zbioru 'Mapa Geologiczna Bałtyku w skali 1:200 000 – osady powierzchniowe'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia mapę geologiczną Bałtyku w skali 1:200 000 - osady powierzchniowe. Podstawą wyróżnienia typów osadów była klasyfikacja F.P. Sheparda. Zbiór danych zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology – Geologic Map.

Usługa WFS dla zbioru 'Mapa Geologiczna Bałtyku w skali 1:200 000 – osady w podłożu'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia mapę geologiczną Bałtyku w skali 1:200 000 - osady w podłożu. Podstawą wyróżnienia typów osadów była klasyfikacja F.P. Sheparda. Zbiór danych zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology – Geologic Map.

Usługa WFS dla zbioru 'Mapa Geologiczna Polski'
Zharmonizowane zbiory danych map geologicznych Polski w skali co najmniej 1:500 000. Zbiór danych zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology – Geologic Map.

Usługa WFS dla zbioru 'Obszary dna morskiego - rodzaj osadów'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia rodzaje osadów powierzchniowych dna morskiego w obrębie polskich obszarów morskich. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Sea Regions – Sea Bed Area.

Usługa WFS dla zbioru 'Odwierty'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia odwierty na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology – Boreholes.

Usługa WFS dla zbioru 'Odwierty na potrzeby szczelinowania hydraulicznego'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia odwierty na potrzeby szczelinowania hydraulicznego na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology – Boreholes.

Usługa WFS dla zbioru 'Zasoby energetyczne'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia zasoby energetyczne na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Energy Resources.

Usługa WFS dla zbioru 'Zasoby mineralne'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia zasoby mineralne na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Mineral Resources.

Usługa WMS dla zbioru 'Geofizyka-sejsmika'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia obiekty geofizyczne na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Geology - Geophysics.

Usługa WMS dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - grawimetria [1]'

Usługa WMS dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - grawimetria [2]'

Usługa WMS dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - grawimetria [3]'

Usługa WMS dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - magnetotelluryka'

Usługa WMS dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - magnetyka [1]'

Usługa WMS dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - magnetyka [2]'

Usługa WMS dla zbioru 'Geofizyka - magnetyka [3]'

Usługa WMS dla zbioru 'Hydrogeologia'

Usługa WMS dla zbioru 'Mapa Geologiczna Bałtyku w skali 1:200 000 – osady powierzchniowe'

Usługa WMS dla zbioru 'Mapa Geologiczna Bałtyku w skali 1:200 000 – osady w podłożu'

Usługa WMS dla zbioru 'Mapa Geologiczna Polski'

Usługa WMS dla zbioru 'Obszary dna morskiego - rodzaj osadów'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia rodzaje osadów powierzchniowych dna morskiego w obrębie polskich obszarów morskich. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Sea Regions – Sea Bed Area.

Usługa WMS dla zbioru 'Odwierty'

Usługa WMS dla zbioru 'Odwierty na potrzeby szczelinowania hydraulicznego'

Usługa WMS dla zbioru 'Zagrożenia geologiczne'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia strefy zagrożeń geologicznych na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Natural Risk Zones.

Usługa WMS dla zbioru 'Zasoby energetyczne'
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia zasoby energetyczne na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Energy Resources.

Usługa wyszukiwania (CSW) metadanych dla zasobów danych INSPIRE Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego – Państwowego Instytutu Badawczego (PIG-PIB)
Usługa wyszukiwania metadanych INSPIRE PIG-PIB zapewnia dostęp interfejsu OGC CSW dla zasobów danych przestrzennych INSPIRE PIG-PIB. Usługa publikuje metadane zbiorów i serii zbiorów danych przestrzennych jak również również metadane usług geoinformacyjnych. Usługa jak również portal stanowiący aplikację kliencką pozwala na odnajdowanie i przeglądanie metadanych INSPIRE PIG-PIB.

Uturuncu Volcano GPS data from the 2018 and 2022 campaigns (NERC Grant NE/S008845/1)
RINEX files of GPS observations obtained in the Uturuncu volcano and surroundings (Altiplano-Puna Deformation Anomaly) during the November 2018 and November 2022 campaigns. In the 2018 and 2022 campaigns, 8 and 10 GPS stations have been installed respectively to help constrain the temporal deformation at Uturuncu volcano. The data contains the GNSS observations made in the 2018 campaign at the stations of Depeche Mode (DEMO), Foo Fighters (FOOF), Jimmy (JIMY), Led Zeppelin (LDZP), Metallica (MTLC), Sex Pistols (SEXP), UBQ4 and UTU Base (UBAS) In the 2022 campaign at the stations of Depeche Mode (DEMO), Foo Fighters (FOOF), IGGY, Jimmy (JIMY), Led Zeppelin (LDZP), Metallica (MTLC), Nirvana (NRVN), Offspring (OFSP), Sex Pistols (SEXP) and UTU Base (UBAS) The following devices were used to obtain these data: -Receiver Leica GR30 (serial numbers 1705008, 1705617 and 1705619) -Antenna Leica AS10 (serial numbers 16071044 and 16151018) -Integrate antenna + receiver Topcon Hiper Pro (serial numbers 326-1106 and 342-0370) -Masts "Nysiros style" and UNAVCO single pin + masts. The duration of data collection ranges from 1 day to 6 days depending on the site of the collection.

Vaasa PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Vaasa, Finland. It has been provided by Altamira Information as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Vadose zone nitrate contained within cave drip waters and speleothems
This data set contains a record of nitrate concentrations and isotopic composition present within the drip waters and speleothem carbonate deposits of Cueva-cubío del Llanío, northern Spain. Data were collected between 2018 to 2020, and specifically address the nitrate composition of the cave drip waters, pool waters, rocks, soil, vegetation and contemporary speleothem carbonate. Calculations are also undertaken to assess the partitioning of nitrate between cave drip water and speleothem carbonate deposits. Data pertaining to speleothem nitrate content also extend to other cave locations (Pooles cavern, UK; Brown's Folly Mine, UK, Ease Gill Caverns, UK; Rukiesa cave, Ethiopia; Cueva Perlas, N. Spain). Sample analysis was performed at Lancaster University and the UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology under NERC facility access grant LSMSF\CEH\L\125\11\2018. The data presented represent the full underlying dataset to Wynn et al., 2021, Chemical Geology: DOI.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120172.

Vanadium and Zinc isotopic composition of selected basalt samples from Iceland (NERC Grant NE/N009886/1)
Vanadium and Zinc isotopic compositions of powdered basalt samples from the active volcanic zones of Iceland. These samples have been extensively characterised for other geochemical quantities in a series of papers (Marshall et al, 2022, Barry et al., 2014; Caracciolo, 2021; Caracciolo et al., 2020; Füri et al., 2010; Halldórsson et al., 2016a, 2016b; Macpherson et al., 2005; Rasmussen et al., 2020).

Vanadium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Vanadium (V), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Vanuatu Sample collection and location (NERC grant NE/N001966/1)
The table contains the list of samples, including location, collected during 2016 field campaign in Vanuatu. Samples include lavas, xenolith (mantle and crustal), scoria, pumice and coral from Esperitu Santo, Efati, Tanna, Ambae, Maewo, Gaua and Vanua Lava. The physical collection is in School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol.

Verical Electric Soundings in Europe
Parent metadata record of national datasets containing spatial features of type Vertical Electric Sounding. Metadata is used to look up datasets and services contributing to the the Annex II Geology theme INSPIRE layer officially titled as GE.VericalElectricSounding.

Vertical Electric Soundings at NW Hungary
This dataset contains VES measurement locations in the Kisalföld area at NW Hungary. It was reconstructed for demonstration purposes in the EGDI-Bridge project from the former GEOMIND project metadata. Related online resources provide INSPIRE complient WMS and WFS services

Vertical Electric Soundings at SW Slovakia
This dataset contains VES measurement locations at SW Slovakia. It was reconstructed for demonstration purposes in the EGDI-Bridge project from the former GEOMIND project metadata. Related online resources provide INSPIRE complient WMS and WFS services

Vertical electrical sounding (VES)
WMS service shows the localization of Vertical electrical sounding (VES) measuring points of selected campaigns, registered in the Czech Republic since 1957.

Vertical electrical sounding (VES)
ArcGIS Server Service displays the localization of Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) measuring stations in the Czech Republic since 1957.

Vilnius PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Vilnius, Lithuania. It has been provided by CGG NPA Satellite Mapping as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Virtual Site Survey of Pernambuco Plateau, Brazil in support of IODP 864: Origin, Evolution and Palaeoenvironment of the Equatorial Atlantic Gateway (NERC grant NE/M021238/1)
The dataset consists of: (1) Listing of full site survey package of geophysical data held in the IODP Data Bank in support of proposal 864. Details of how to obtain existing freely available or commercial proprietary data are included. (2) Final version of Full Science Proposal 864, which contains: description and illustrations of the regional stratigraphy of Pernambuco Plateau, as interpreted by the Virtual Site Survey project; site summary sheets for all proposed drill sites based on the Virtual Site Survey. (3) A complete list of all deliverables associated with this project is provided in the Data Archiving Report.

Visualisation Service (WMS) of the Ground Movement Database (BDMOVES)
Ground Movement Database Visualisation Service (BDMOVES)

Visualisation Service (WMS) of the Mineral Resources Database (Metallogeny)
The service consists of two layers of dots symbolising the position of mineral occurrences for the entire national territory. Depending on the scale of visualisation, two layers of information have been created. Indications I: Only the location of the points is represented. Visible from scales smaller than 1:200.000. Indications II: The points are represented with a symbolisation according to different attributes. Visible from scales larger than 1:200,000. The reference systems offered by this service are:CRS:84, EPSG:4326, EPSG:4258, EPSG:4230, EPSG:23028, EPSG:23029, EPSG:23030, EPSG:23031, EPSG:25828, EPSG:25829, EPSG:25830, EPSG:25831

Visualisation service (WMS) of the Quaternary Fault Database of the Iberian Peninsula (QAFI).
Visualisation service of QAFI, a database of faults with geological evidence of proven activity during the Quaternary period (the last 2.6 million years according to the limit officially established by the SQS in 2009) of the Iberian Peninsula. It is a project in constant revision and updating as a result of the progress of studies and knowledge about the structures capable of generating earthquakes in Iberia, and can never be considered complete or definitive, both because of the scientific nature of the data contained in it, and because of the modus operandi used in its construction: the altruistic collaboration of numerous researchers in Earth Sciences.

Visualization Service (WMS) Database of Mineral Resources (Industrial Minerals and Rocks)
Points that symbolize the position of the indications or exploitations of Rocks and Industrial Minerals for all the national territory. Depending on the scale of visualization, two layers of points have been created. Exploitations I: represents only the location of the points. Visible from scales smaller than 1:200.000.Exploitations II: represents the location of the points with a symbolization according to different attributes. Visible from scales greater than 1:200,000. The reference systems offered by this service are: CRS:84, EPSG:4326, EPSG:4258, EPSG:4230, EPSG:23028, EPSG:23029, EPSG:23030, EPSG:23031, EPSG:25828, EPSG:25829, EPSG:25830, EPSG:25831.

Visualization Service (WMS) del National Sludge Inventory 2002
Updating of the National Inventory of Sludge Deposits in the treatment process of extractive industries that was carried out in 2002. The reference systems offered by this service are: CRS: 84, EPSG: 4326, EPSG: 4258, EPSG: 4230, EPSG: 23028, EPSG: 23029, EPSG: 23030, EPSG: 23031, EPSG: 25828, EPSG: 25829, EPSG: 25830, EPSG: 25831..

Visualization service (WMS) EGS landslides density map.
Visualisation service of the EGS Landslide Density Database Map. The first layer is a Landslide density map (LANDEN). The second layer is an average landslide density for each administrative area. A detailed explanation of these layers can be found in: Herrera, G., Mateos, R. M., García-Davalillo, J. C., Grandjean, G., Poyiadji, E., Maftei, R., ... and Trigila, A. (2017). Landslide databases in the Geological Surveys of Europe. Landslides, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-017-0902-z.

Visualization Service (WMS) of Mining Tailing 1989
Visualisation service of the National Inventory of Mixed Type Trenches and Structures, with information on physical and geographical characteristics, type of mining, geological characteristics, impact on the environment, possibility of exploitation, etc. Information compiled up to 1989. The reference systems offered by this service are: CRS:84, EPSG:4326, EPSG:4258, EPSG:4230, EPSG:23028, EPSG:23029, EPSG:23030, EPSG:23031, EPSG:25828, EPSG:25829, EPSG:25830, EPSG:25831.

Visualization Service (WMS) of Spanish Inventory of Places of Geological Interest
Service of visualization of the database of the Spanish Inventory of Places of Geological Interest (IELIG) which, in accordance with Law 42/2007, is prepared and updated by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and the Environment, with the collaboration of the Autonomous Communities and scientific institutions. Royal Decree 1274/2011 entrusts the IGME with the completion of this inventory, without prejudice to the actions that the Autonomous Communities, in the use of their powers, carry out to complete it in their respective territories. For this reason, in the "origin" field of each LIG file it is indicated whether the site has been inventoried in IGME inventory or cartographic projects, in the international project Global Geosites or in autonomic inventory projects.

Visualization Service (WMS) of the Seismogenic Database of Spain
Database visualization service of seismogenic zones of the Iberian Peninsula and territories of influence for the calculation of seismic hazard in Spain (ZESIS)

Visualization service of Historical inventory of the IRYDA drillings
Service of visualization of the historical inventory of the drillings carried out for the research of the different aquifers of Spain, result of the collaboration between the Geological and Mining Institute of Spain (IGME), with the National Institute of Reform and Agrarian Development (IRYDA), formerly National Institute of Colonization (INC)

Vitrinite reflectance at the Base Cretaceous Unconformity subcrop.
Calculated vitrinite reflectance (EASY%Ro) at the Base Cretaceous Unconformity subcrop. The subcrop covers the Top Upper Jurassic, Top Lower Jurassic and Triassic

Vitrinite reflectance at the Top Lower Jurassic
Calculated vitrinite reflectance (EASY%Ro) at the Top Lower Jurassic

VoGERA pilot sites
Location of the pilot sites of VoGERA

Volcan de Fuego and Mt. Etna Infrasound data (NERC grant NE/P00105X/1)
Infrasound Data collected at Volcan de Fuego (Guatemala) during three campaigns (May and November 2018, and June 2019). Associated article https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11111302

Volcanic flank collapse: diversity of behaviour, hazard generation and controls on volcano evolution (NERC Grant NE/I02044X/2)
The data is provided as a single spreadsheet containing geochemical information from three volcanoes (Antuco, Chile; Jocotitlan, Mexico; Montserrat), all of which have been affected by major debris avalanches. The data was collected in order to investigate the long-term evolution of these volcanic systems. In addition, a single worksheet is provided of a summary database of published examples of volcanic debris avalanches. The geochemical data include bulk-rock XRF and ICP-MS data, Sr and Pb isotope measurements, and glass analyses for the Montserrat samples, along with site information for Antuco and Jocotitlan. Additional published analyses for Montserrat is availabile in published papers, as detailed in the spreadsheet.

Volcanic Whole Rock Dataset from Tajogaite eruption sequence, La Palma 2021 (NERC Grant NE/W007673/1)
Major and trace element data of lava and tephra samples from the 2021 Tajogaite eruption. Major and select trace element collected by XRF, trace elements collected by ICPMS, both at the University of Granada. Data collected as part of NERC Urgency Grant led by K Chamberlain (Liverpool), in collaboration with M Pankhurst (INVOLCAN), J Scarrow (Granada), D Morgan (Leeds), J Hickey (Exeter), D Neave (Manchester), for understanding how eruptions begin, evolve and end. Samples analysed span the entire September - December 2021 eruptive sequence of Tajogaite, and data were collected between December 2021 and August 2022.

VOLCano ANalogues Search (VOLCANS) datasets used to parameterise the Aluto event tree model (NERC Grant NE/L013460/1)
Electronic Supplementary Material: "Event trees and epistemic uncertainty in long-term volcanic hazard assessment of rift volcanoes: the example of Aluto (Central Ethiopia)", by Tierz, P., Clarke, B., Calder, E. S., Dessalegn, F., Lewi, E., Yirgu, G., Fontijn, K., Crummy, J. M., and Loughlin, S. C., submitted to Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. The datasets contain volcanological data on analogue (i.e. similar) volcanoes of Aluto volcano (Ethiopia), including conditional probabilities of eruption size, number of eruptions with specific volcanic phenomena reported and values of volcano analogy calculated using the VOLCano ANalogues Search tool (VOLCANS, Tierz et al., 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-019-1336-3). These type of data can be used to parameterise event tree models (e.g. Newhall and Hoblitt, 2002, https://doi.org/10.1007/s004450100173; Marzocchi et al., 2010, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-010-0357-8) and, thus, quantify volcanic hazard at a particular volcano of interest, including the relevant sources of uncertainty. The production of the datasets was supported by the UK Natural Environment Research Council project: Rift Volcanism: Past, Present and Future (RiftVolc). Grant NE/L013460/1.

Volcanological data for the Echo Canyon Eruption, Ascension Island, South Atlantic: size, abundance, density, vesicle texture and composition of pumice and lava clasts, collected between 2018 and 2020 (NERC Grant NE/L002582/1)
Compositional and volcanological data from a small-volume explosive-effusive volcanic eruption on Ascension Island, South Atlantic. Multiple samples of pumice and lava spanning the whole eruption sequence were collected from several locations in the area surrounding NE-Bay on Ascension Island. This dataset includes compositional, clast size, abundance, clast density and vesicle texture data for the products of the Echo Canyon eruption. Data was collected between the 12th June 2018 and the 30th August 2020 on Ascension Island and at the University of East Anglia, UK. Compositional data was collected using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), density of pumice clasts using the Archimedes suspension method and textural data by visual inspection of sample vesicle shape and size, all at the University of East Anglia, UK. Clast size and abundance was semi-quantitatively estimated in the field on Ascension Island and later checked against photographs. This data provides a framework through which changes to eruption style were reconstructed and is useful to any persons wishing to study or compare small-volume eruption deposits which record eruptive transitions. The data supports and forms the basis of Davies et al., (2021) (DOI : 10.1007/s00445-021-01480-1) and forms part of B V Davies’ Natural Environment Research Council funded PhD project investigating eruption controls on Ascension Island. Bridie V Davies collected and interpreted the data with assistance from Jane H Scarrow and Richard J Brown on Ascension Island, and Jenni Barclay at the University of East Anglia, Bertrand Leze performed XRF on prepared samples. All data collected is included in this resource.

VOLCORE, a global database of visible tephra layers sampled by ocean drilling (NERC Grant NE/P020895/1)
The VOLCORE (Volcanic Core Records) database is a collection of 34,696 visible tephra (volcanic ash and lithological or grain size variations) occurrences reported in the initial reports volumes of all of the Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP; 1966–1983), the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP; 1983–2003), the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP; 2003–2013) and the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP; 2013-present) up to and including IODP Expedition 381. The combined international ocean drilling programmes (OD) have locations with global coverage. Cored tephra layers and tephra-bearing sediments span timescales from recent to ~150 million years in age. This database is a collection of information about reported visible tephra layers entirely or predominantly composed of volcanic ash. Data include the depth below sea floor, tephra thickness, location, and any reported comments. An approximate age was estimated for most (29,493) of the tephra layers using published age-depth models. The database can be used as a starting point for studies of tephrochronology, volcanology, geochemistry, studies of sediment transport and palaeoclimatology.

Waste disposal site records
Records of some 3500 waste sites in England and Wales identified by BGS as part of a survey carried out on behalf of the Department of the Environment in 1973. Information is included on the extent of the site, geology, wastes and risks to aquifers It should be noted that the assessments were carried out when the data was collected and may not reflect current interpretation. There are not records for all of the sites listed.

Water balance changes in Europe (WP3)
Water balances from hydrological models, scenarios 1 and 3 degrees. Data are from the Netherlands and Denmark

Water chemistry and stable isotope data, Virkisjokull Glacier Observatory, 2011-2018
Stable isotope and inorganic chemistry data for samples of groundwater from boreholes and springs in the sandur aquifer; glacial meltwater and river water; and glacier ice, from Virkisjokull glacier observatory. Selected water chemistry and stable isotope data are reported in Ó Dochartaigh, B. É., et al. 2019. Groundwater?- glacier?meltwater interaction in proglacial aquifers, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2019-120

Water isotope data from Yaal Chac (lake), nearby groundwater and local precipitation (NERC grant NE/K00610X/1)
Surface waters and shallow groundwater samples were collected by completely filling 30 mL polyethylene bottles, which were then sealed with electrical tape to minimise the risk of evaporative loss. Rainwater samples were integrated samples of total monthly rainfall collected in a specially-adapted rainfall collector following IAEA protocols (IAEA [accessed 22 June 2012). Mexico, State of Yucatan. Yaal Chac (lake) (lake centre is Lat: 20.595274 degrees; Long: -89.711301 degrees), Abala Well (Lat: 20.649044 degrees; Long: -89.679814 degrees) and Xanil ha Cave (Lat: 20.650809 degrees; Long: -89.697426 degrees) Rainwater sampler was located adjacent to the lake. Refer to accompanying map for the precise location of the sampling sites.

Water Partitioning between Liquid Iron and Silicate Melt at High Pressure and High Temperature (NERC Grant NE/M015181/1, NE/S01134X/1)
The partitioning coefficients of water between iron and silicate melts at 20, 50, 90 and 135 gigapascals (corresponding to 2800, 3500, 3900 and 4200 kelvin) were calculated by using ab initio molecular dynamics and thermodynamic integration techniques. The Gibbs free energy of a series of iron and silicate melts with different concentrations of H2/H2O were calculated. Then the chemical potentials of H2/H2O were derived from the concentration dependent Gibbs free energies at each pressure temperature. The partitioning coefficients can be calculated by equating the chemical potential of H2/H2O in iron and silicate melts. The Weeks-Chandler-Andersen (WCA) system with established thermodynamics was used as the reference.

Water retention data from monitored slopes near Kajang in the Langat River Basin, Malaysia (NERC Grant NE/S003347/1)
In August 2020, two natural slopes just outside Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, were instrumented with sensors to measure soil suction and volumetric water content (VWC), and rainfall. At present, data has been collected at the two sites for approximately one year, although measurements are expected to continue for the foreseeable future. The measurements taken are aimed at providing guidance on the stability of soil slopes in response to changing climatic conditions. Data is currently being analysed by researchers at Durham University and the National University of Malaysia (UKM).

Water well archive
100,000 paper records of water wells, including details of lithologies, well construction, water levels and yields and water chemistry. Details lodged by drillers under statute. Includes approximately 90% of water boreholes in England & Wales, less in Scotland. There is a high density of information over major aquifers and urban areas with new data added as it is received from drillers and other outside organisations. The level of detail within individual records varies, reflecting historical changes in reporting practices.

Waterlines delimiting the edge of the Hunga Tonga - Hunga Ha'apai island between April 2017 and April 2022 (NERC Grant NE/X002454/1)
Waterlines have been extracted to delimit the edge of the Hunga Tonga - Hunga Ha'apai island between April 2017 and April 2022. Waterline is defined as the instantaneous land - water boundary at the time of the imaging process. Waterlines have been generated by BGS - Earth Observation team through a thresholding-based classification based on Sentinel-2 multispectral imagery and developed on Google Earth Engine. Specifically, the thresholding has been applied to the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) has been derived as a basis to discriminate between the land and sea based on their spectral characteristics. Changes in waterlines over volcanic islands can provide key information to understand volcanic processes. For more info on the methodology, see Novellino et al. (2020) https://doi.org/10.3390/app10020536

Web Service of Map of rockfall source areas, El Hierro (Canary Islands, Spain)
The map shows a probabilistic identification of rockfall source areas for El Hierro Island, prepared with the combination of multiple statistical models

Web Service of Map of rockfall trajectories simulation in the island of El Hierro (Canary Islands)
The map show the number of trajectories that pass through each pixel.

Weekly volume of water pumped for handpumps monitored with Smart Handpump technology, Kwale County, Kenya (NERC grants NE/L001950/1, NE/M008894/1)
This dataset contains a summary of the weekly volumetric output of pumps monitored using Smart Handpump sensors for 2014 and 2015. Grants that permitted the data collection include: Groundwater Risk Management for Growth and Development project (NE/M008894/1) funded by NERC/ESRC/DFID’s UPGro programme; New mobile citizens and waterpoint sustainability in rural Africa (ES/J018120/1) ESRC-DFID; Groundwater Risks and Institutional Responses for Poverty Reduction in Rural Africa (NE/L001950/1) funded by NERC/ESRC/DFID’s UPGro programme Notes: 1. The accuracy of these volume figures should be considered to be +/- 20%. 2. The dataset has gaps due to variable signal, and some attrition due to damage and vandalism. 3. Not all pumps in the study area were under monitoring. References: [1] P. Thomson, R. Hope, and T. Foster, “GSM-enabled remote monitoring of rural handpumps: a proof-of-concept study,” Journal of Hydroinformatics, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 829–839, 05 2012. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2012.183 [2] Behar, J., Guazzi, A., Jorge, J., Laranjeira, S., Maraci, M.A., Papastylianou, T., Thomson, P., Clifford, G.D. and Hope, R.A., 2013. Software architecture to monitor handpump performance in rural Kenya. In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Social Implications of Computers in Developing Countries, Ochos Rios, Jamaica. pp. 978 (Vol. 991).

Weinan city earthquake scenario narratives (English language) (NERC grant NE/N012364/1)
The two earthquake scenario narratives are communications tools created to engage the local population and policy makers in Weinan city. They will be uploaded on the Overseas Development Institute website and be publicly accessible.

Well logging – Borehole geophysics
This database contains geophysical and inclinometry measurements since 1999.

Wellmaster Hydrogeological Database.
The WellMaster database holds hydrogeological information on water wells for wells and boreholes identified within the Single Onshore Borehole Index (SOBI) within England Wales and Scotland. The database contains index details supplementary to SOBI, including information on the availability of more detailed hydrogeological information. Four main categories of data are held within the database; lithostratigraphic details, well/borehole construction including casing and screens, water information including depths and pumping rates and water quality information.

Wells in the Upper Rhine Graben
Overview of the boreholes reaching the Upper most layers of the formations with deep geothermal energy potential.

Wells of the Dinantian reservoir in the North-West Europe

Welsh Fishermen’s Association (WFA-CFC) (WFACPC) 2021 Welsh Fishermen’s Association - Cymdeithas Pysgotwyr Cymru (WFA-CPC) Severn Esturary/Môr Hafren SAC Benthic and Geophysical surveys
Within the project (WFA-CPC EMFF Protecting Our Seas), benthic and geophysical surveys were undertaken in the Severn Esturary/Môr Hafren SAC to explore the location of Sabellaria alveolata reefs, and collected bathymetry, sidescan sonar, AGDS and acoustic imagery data (ARIS) to identify areas of variable ground or potential features. A ten-day survey was undertaken in July 2020 to collect broad-scale acoustic data using an interferometric swath bathymetric system (GeoSwath Plus) and Acoustic Ground Discrimination System (RoxAnn™ AGDS). Twelve secondary survey areas were selected to be investigated in greater detail using high frequency sidescan sonar and an Acoustic Resonance Inspection System (ARIS Explorer 3000) camera in a second ten-day survey conducted in August 2020 ( The data sets include: SSS (.tif) collected using Trident SeaStar MBES (.xyz) collected using GeoSwath Plus, AGDS (.csv and .asc) collected using RoxAnn™ AGDS ARIS imagery (.png and .mp4) collected using ARIS Explorer 3000 camera Shapefiles (.shp etc)

Wessex Archaeology (WSX) Geophysical Survey WESSEX1: (11/Jun/2003 to 26/Jun/2003)
Wessex Archaeology was commissioned by English Heritage to undertake a project entitled ‘Wrecks on the Seabed: Assessment, Evaluation and Recording’. The project was supported by that part of the Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (ALSF) distributed by English Heritage. The specific aim of this project was to provide industry, regulators and contractors with guidance on the archaeological assessment, evaluation and recording of wreck sites. ‘Assessment, evaluation and recording’ are taken to include various methods of archaeological investigation that are intended to improve the understanding, preservation and appreciation of the historic environment. The term ‘wreck site’ is taken to include the remains on the seabed of both watercraft and aircraft. As part of a variation of this project Wessex Archaeology was commissioned by English Heritage to undertake a geophysical survey of four designated historic wrecks (A1 submarine, Hazardous, Invincible and Mary Rose) which focussed on the development and testing of methodology for rapid in situ recording using geophysical techniques. The geophysical survey included the use of multibeam echosounder, magnetometer and sub bottom profiler. The survey was undertaken from the 12.5 m Aquastar survey vessel Emu Surveyor belonging to Emu Ltd between 11th and 26th June 2003. The geology and geophysics component of the data are archived at British Geological Survey (BGS) MEDIN Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. Data were also provided to other archive centres as appropriate.

Wessex Archaeology (WSX) Geophysical Survey WESSEX2B: (09/Aug/2005 to 19/Aug/2005)
Wessex Archaeology (WA) was commissioned by English Heritage (EH) to undertake geophysical surveys as part of the project entitled ‘Wrecks on the Seabed: Assessing, Evaluating and Recording’, supported by Round 2 of the Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (ALSF). The specific aim of this project was to provide industry, regulators and contractors with guidance on the archaeological assessment, evaluation and recording of wreck sites. ‘Assessment, evaluation and recording’ are taken to include various methods of archaeological investigation that are intended to improve the understanding, preservation and appreciation of the historic environment. Geophysical surveys were conducted over five wreck site areas. This archive relates to the geophysical survey over the Liberator, an unknown wreck, and the submarine U86. Sidescan sonar and magnetometer data were acquired from the vessel Wessex Explorer on the 9th and 12th August 2005 and the multibeam echosounder data were acquired on the 15th and 19th August 2005. The geology and geophysics component of the data are archived at British Geological Survey (BGS) MEDIN Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. Data were also provided to other archive centres as appropriate.

Wessex Archaeology (WSX) Geophysical Survey WESSEX3A: (02/Aug/2004 to 06/Aug/2004)
Wessex Archaeology was commissioned by Historic Scotland to undertake a geophysical survey of the Designated Sites of the Blessing of Burntisland, HMS Campania: designated wreck sites located within the Firth of Forth, Scotland. The work was undertaken as part of the contract for Archaeological Services in Relation to the Protection of Wrecks Act (1973). Wessex Archaeology survey operations took place between 2nd and 6th August 2004. All surveying took place off the survey vessel owned and operated by St Andrews University. This is Crown Copyright Data collected and processed by Wessex Archaeology. The geophysical survey included the use of sidescan sonar and sub bottom profiler. The geology and geophysics component of the data are archived at British Geological Survey (BGS) MEDIN Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. Data were also provided to other archive centres as appropriate.

Wessex Archaeology (WSX) Geophysical Survey WESSEX3B: (23/Aug/2006 to 23/Aug/2006)
Wessex Archaeology was commissioned by Historic Scotland to undertake an Undesignated Site Assessment of the site known as the Tobermory Galleon in Tobermory Bay, Mull. The work was undertaken as part of the Contract for Archaeological Services in Relation to the Protection of Wrecks Act (1973). The assessment was carried out in advance of possible further commercial salvage work on the site. Wessex Archaeology conducted a geophysical survey at three sites within Tobermoray Harbour on the 23rd August 2006. The survey was conducted from the S/V Xplorer. A geophysical survey was followed by diver ground-truthing of anomalies was carried out to confirm the position, extent, stability and character of any significant archaeological deposits. The survey showed that part of the wreck and debris fields from both the sinking and subsequent salvage may still exist although the precise nature, extent and position of archaeological deposits associated with the wreck, in particular any surviving coherent ship structure, remained unclear. The survey included single beam echosounder, sub-bottom profiler and sidescan sonar. The geology and geophysics component of the data are archived at British Geological Survey (BGS) MEDIN Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. Data were also provided to other archive centres as appropriate.

Wessex Archaeology (WSX) Geophysical Survey WESSEX4: (01/Jul/2003 to 28/Sep/2003)
Seabed Prehistory: Gauging the effects of Marine Dredging. Palaeo-Arun. Wessex Archaeology (WA) was commissioned, in April 2003, by the Mineral Industry Research Organisation (MIRO) to undertake the research project 'Seabed Prehistory - gauging the effects of marine aggregate dredging' under the financial support of the Sustainable Land Won and Marine Dredged Aggregate Minerals Programme (SAMP). The Survey Area for this study was chosen as a result of prospecting within the Owers Bank area following consultation with representatives from the marine aggregate industry. It is in the palaeo-Arun area approximately 10km south of Littlehampton, off the coast of West Sussex in the English Channel. Survey work took place between 1st and 18th July 2003 and 27th and 28th September 2003 on the Emu Surveyor and included single-beam echosounder, sub-bottom profiler, multibeam and collection of vibrocores. The geology and geophysics component of the data are archived at British Geological Survey (BGS) MEDIN Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. Data were also provided to other archive centres as appropriate.

Wessex Archaeology (WSX) Geophysical Survey: WESSEX2A: (17/Feb/2005 to 17/Feb/2005)
Wessex Archaeology (WA) was commissioned by English Heritage (EH) to undertake geophysical surveys as part of the project entitled ‘Wrecks on the Seabed: Assessing, Evaluating and Recording’, supported by Round 2 of the Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (ALSF). The specific aim of this project was to provide industry, regulators and contractors with guidance on the archaeological assessment, evaluation and recording of wreck sites. ‘Assessment, evaluation and recording’ are taken to include various methods of archaeological investigation that are intended to improve the understanding, preservation and appreciation of the historic environment. Geophysical surveys were conducted over four wreck site areas. This archive relates to the geophysical survey over Hastings Shingle Bank covering the area of the wreck Thomas Lawrence. During the geophysics survey sidescan sonar, single beam echosounder, multibeam echosounder and magnetometer data were acquired. Sidescan sonar, magnetometer and single beam bathymetric surveys were conducted over the Hastings Shingle Bank by Titan Surveys Ltd., aboard the survey vessel Titan Explorer, under supervision from WA staff. These surveys was conducted intermittently during 15 survey days over 47 days between the 17th February – 5th April 2005 with substantial delays due to adverse weather conditions. The geology and geophysics component of the data are archived at British Geological Survey (BGS) MEDIN Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. Data were also provided to other archive centres as appropriate.

Wessex Archaeology Marine Geology and Geophysics Survey Data (2003 to 2010)
This dataset comprises data from Wessex Archaeology surveys which were conducted over various wreck sites between 2003 and 2010. Three of these datasets were acquired in English waters, one in Welsh waters and one in Scottish waters. The geology and geophysics component of the data are archived by British Geological Survey (BGS) in the Marine Environmental data and Information Network (MEDIN) Data Archive Centre (DAC) for Geology and Geophysics. The data include multibeam echosounder, single-beam echosounder, sidescan sonar, sub-bottom profiler, magnetometer, and geological data (vibrocore logs and photos). Data were also provided to other archive centres as appropriate - UKHO (bathymetry), Royal Commission Ancient and Historic Monuments Wales (geophysics), Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland (geophysics and diving/ROV), Archaeology Data Service (diving/ROV). Although generated for archaeological purposes, these high quality and resolution data are capable of re-use by marine surveyors and scientists from a range of different fields. Data are delivered via the BGS Offshore GeoIndex www.bgs.ac.uk/GeoIndex/offshore.htm and additional data are available on request enquiries@bgs.ac.uk.

Western Gneiss Region Ar/Ar data (NERC grant NE/H016279/1)
This dataset encompasses thin section photographs, mineral composition data and Ar/Ar data. Grant abstract: Many of the Earth's great mountain ranges, such as the Alps and the Himalaya, result from the collision between two continents. As mountains get pushed up by tectonic forces, they also get worn away by surface erosion. The uplift of topography causes long-term regional and global climate change, and conversely, changes in climate have also been linked to changes in the rate of tectonic processes. This project will define and quantify the competition between growth and erosion during the early stages of mountain uplift by exploiting a combination of state-of the art advances in numerical modelling and analytical techniques. During the early stages of continental collision, unusual (and diagnostic) rock types form under very high pressure conditions. Certain minerals in these rocks preserve details of the pressures and temperatures experienced during the journey from initial formation deep in the mantle, through their subsequent transport to the Earth's surface, their erosion, and their final deposition as sand grains in a sedimentary rock. The minerals retain distinctive chemical signatures which allows them to be distinguished from those formed in other rock types, even when eroded and turned into sand. Sand grains retain information about not only the original rock type, but also about details of the formation and transport history of the original rock. Unlocking this information will therefore yield insight into earlier stages of mountain belt growth history than is currently preserved in the bedrock record. However the methods needed to decipher these details are currently insufficiently precise to provide useful insight into changes in rates of tectonic or erosive processes, or constraints for the models. This project will therefore also develop and exploit innovative techniques for obtaining high-precision data from these high pressure rocks and their eroded remains. These data will enable the competing forces which act to shape a mountain belt during the early stages of formation to be quantified and allow the numerical models to be robustly tested. The unique contribution of this proposal lies in the combination of geodynamic numerical modelling with studies based on observational data and hence exploiting the synergy between these two, normally disparate, fields.

Western Kenya soil geochemistry
Soil prediction maps for 56 chemical elements, pH and organic matter content have been produced using machine learning analysis in western Kenya. The predictive maps were based on 452 soil samples collected across western Kenya during field surveys carried out between 2015 and 2020. Samples were analysed by the inorganic chemistry laboratories at the British Geological Survey. The maps, created using random forest machine learning algorithms, are displayed as raster files with a spatial resolution of 500m. The samples were collected as part of a geochemistry and health project to investigate the spatial incidences of diseases in the Rift Valley (e.g. oesophageal cancer, iodine/zinc deficiency), which included a range of data and sample collections to inform sources of micronutrients or exposure to potentially harmful elements, with outputs to inform agriculture and public health practitioners. These predictive maps provide a baseline geochemistry survey for the agri-community, academics and public health officials.

Wetlands
Areas of relict wetland. Where known the type of wetland is included e.g. salt marsh, tidal flat, peat bog, supra tidal zone, swamp, other. Chronological information is presented as calendar age BP. Confidence is defined as follows: 1. High: Sampled feature with good age and palaeoenvironmental control. 2. Sampled feature with poor or none age and palaeoenvironmental control. 3. Constructed by remote sensing data only. 4. Low: Reasonable without any direct evidence.

What drives and resists plate sinking through the transition zone? (NERC grant NE/J008028/1)
Tables of characteristic parameters for each model used in paper Agrusta et al. 2014, The effect of metastable pyroxene on the slab dynamics, DOI: 10.1002/2014GL062159 Tables of characteristic parameters for each model used in paper Agrusta et al 2017, Subducting-slab transition-zone interaction: Stagnation, penetration and mode switches, DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2017.02.005

Whole-rock geochemistry of Tindfjallajökull volcano, Iceland (NERC grant NE/L002493/1)
Whole-rock geochemistry data of samples collected from Tindfjallajökull volcano, south Iceland. For further information, see Moles, J. D. (2018). Volcanic archives of past glacial environments: Tindfjallajökull volcano, Iceland. PhD thesis, The Open University. http://oro.open.ac.uk/id/eprint/62117. Geographical extent: Bounding box latitude and longitude: SW corner 63°42'N 19°46'W and NE corner 63°50'N 19°28'W.

Whole-rock XRD (X-ray diffraction) data of hydrothermal alteration from the island of Milos, Greece
Summary of semi-quantitative whole-rock XRD analysis of hydrothermal alteration across the island of Milos, Greece. The samples were acquired during numerous field visits between 2010 and 2018 by the British Geological Survey and GW4+ Doctorial Training Partnership (NE/L002434/1). The data were acquired using a PANAlytical X’Pert Pro diffractometer at the British Geological Survey, Keyworth, UK. These data were primarily used to identify mineral phases to improve our understanding of regional and local paleo-hydrothermal activity. This may be useful within the metallic and industrial mineral mining sector and associated researchers. The data includes grid references (± 5 m), field observations and instrument running conditions. Samples from 2010 are supported by a grant award from the Natural Environment Research Council (GA/09F/139). Samples from 2016 - 2018 are supported by the GW4+ Doctoral Training Partnership (NE/L002434/1) grant award GA/09F/139 – RMS E3557, and the British Geological Survey’s University Funding Initiative (BUFI S345).

Whole rock and microanalytical pyrite geochemistry from selected samples of the Vatukoula gold mines, Fiji, collected and analysed 2017-2020 (NERC Grant NE/M010848/1)
Whole rock and pyrite geochemistry data from a suite of mineralised and barren rocks from Vatukoula gold mines and the Tavua caldera that hosts the ore body, in the northern part of the island of Viti Levu, Fiji. Vatukoula (also historically known as the Emperor gold mines) is a world class alkaline-associated epithermal gold deposit, noted for the abundance of gold and silver telluride minerals, and the exotic geochemistry of the volcanic host rocks (potassic shoshonites and absarokites). This dataset includes bulk geochemical analysis of whole rocks by X-ray fluorescence, and microanalysis of major and trace element of pyrite in the ore by a combination of electron beam and laser-ablation ICP-MS techniques. Pyrite geochemistry can be a useful tool in the study of epithermal ores, as it can carry evidence of boiling and phase separation, condensation, and fluid mixing. Samples were collected and analysed as part of a larger study looking at the relationship between epithermal gold deposits hosted in alkaline magmatic rocks, and an association with tellurium enrichment and precious metal tellurides. Samples were collected by D J Smith, M Keith, V V Ene, and geologists of Vatukoula Gold Mines. Analysis was carried out by M Keith and F Börner. Collected as part of the Tellurium and Selenium Cycling and Supply (TeaSe) project, part of NERC's Security of Supply of Minerals programme.

Whole rock data for samples from Mt. St. Helens
Whole rock analyses (presented in parts per million, ppm) of volcanic samples from Mt. St Helens, Washington, USA. Detailed sample descriptions and given in Blundy et al. (2008) and references therein. All samples were analysed using solution ICP-MS at the Open University. Blundy, J., Cashman, K.V. and Berlo, K. (2008) Evolving magma storage conditions beneath Mount St. Helens inferred from chemical variations in melt inclusions from the 1980-1986 and current (2004-2006) eruptions, in: Sherrod, D.R., Scott, W.E., Stauffer, P.H. (Eds.), A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006, Reston, VA, pp. 755-790.

Whole rock geochemical data from the Alpine Fault Zone (NERC Grant NE/J022128/1)
Whole rock geochemical data from the Alpine Fault Zone. These data have been generated from systematic sampling through the Deep Fault Drilling Project - Phase 1 rock cores and from analyses of cuttings retrieved during the Deep Fault Drilling Project - Phase 2. Geochemical analyses on the fault rocks to understand the conditions at which they were deformed. The dataset is associated with the UK component of a major international campaign, the Deep Fault Drilling Project (DFDP). to drill a series of holes into the Alpine Fault, New Zealand. The overarching aim of the DFDP to understand better the processes that lead to major earthquakes by taking cores and observing a major continental fault during its build up to a large seismic event.

Whole rock geochemistry data for coal, shale and other low temperature sedimentary settings (NERC Grant NE/M010953/1)
Whole rock and sediment geochemical data covering a range of elements, where values are given in ppm (parts per million) or as a % (percentage). The data is ordered chronologically in an excel spreadsheet and each sample is given a ‘Sample ID’, ‘Lithology’, ‘Locality’, ‘Age’ and ‘Date analysed’, followed by whole rock and sediment values for the following elements; Ag, Al, As, Au, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Ga, Ge, Hf, Hg, In, K, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nb, Ni, P, Pb, Pd, Pt, Rb, Re, S, Sb, Sc, Se, Sn, Sr, Ta, Te, Th, Ti, TI, U, V, W, Y, Zn, Zr. Cells which are highlighted orange signify that the value given was below the detection limit. The values in orange cells have been halved to maintain spreadsheet functionality (i.e. to remove ‘<’ symbols). Cells which have been highlighted blue signify that the value given was above the detection limit. ALS method:ME-MS41L ( . The majority of the samples included in this data were collected in the UK, but, where appropriate, samples out with the UK were included. The majority of the data was collected from 2014 to 2019. Whole rock and sediment samples were analysed by solution ICP-MS. Samples of ~30 g were individually milled and homogenised, and 0.5 g were digested with aqua regia in a graphite heating block. The residue was diluted with deionised water (18 M¿ cm), mixed, and analysed using a Varian 725 instrument at ALS Minerals (Loughrea; method ID: ME-MS41L). This data was collected to better understand the low temperature cycling of Telurium (Te) and Sellenium (Se) in the geological environment. For example, a range of ochre samples were included in this database. Ochres are a modern precipitate commonly found in rivers and streams which flow through geographical areas with a history of mining resources which are rich in sulphides. Iron from the sulphides are leached out and deposited downstream, coating river and stream beds, giving a red, yellow or orange colouration. Ochres can be a sink for trace metals, so analysing the abundances of these can be informative from a resource perspective but also from an environmental hazard perspective. This would be useful for researchers who require reference data for whole rock and sediment data of a particular lithology or age. This data is was collected by, but not limited to the following individuals; John Parnell, Sam Spinks, Josef Armstrong, Liam A Bullock, Magali Perez, Xueying Wang & Connor Brolly.

Whole rock geochemistry for Chilean volcanoes including chalcophile element chemistry (NERC Grant NE/M000427/1)
Complete major and trace element analyses of all samples investigated under project component chalcophile element processing beneath arc volcanic systems, within NE/M000427/1 (see Cox et al., EPSL, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2019.06.017 and Cox et al., Geology, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1130/G47562.1). Samples include an extensive dataset from Antuco volcano, Chile, and further analyses of young volcanic rocks from multiple Chilean stratovolcanoes and monogenetic centres. Standard data are also provided.

Whole rock geochemisty data (NERC Grant NE/J021822/1)
The dataset consists of a spreadsheet containing whole rock geochemistry (Major and trace elements, Hf isotopes) from 7 samples and zircon U-Pb, O, Hf isotope and trace elements compositions (>200 spots on zircons from 7 samples) analysed by Ion Microprobe (NERC EIMF) and MC-LA-ICP-MS (NIGL). The samples are Eoarchaean amphibolite-facies mafic gneisses and a pegmatite as well as granulite-facies mafic gneiss and migmatite (melano- and leucosome) from the Kapuskasing uplift in Ontario, Canada.

Whole rock porphyry Cu deposit assay data (NERC Grants NE/M010848/1, NE/M011615/1)
Whole rock assay data for the El Teniente, Skouries and Muratdere porphyry Cu deposits. Samples were selected for analysis from boreholes in the Muratdere Cu-Au-Mo porphyry deposit, Western Turkey; and the Skouries Cu-Au porphyry deposit, Greece; and samples from the El Teniente Cu-Mo porphyry deposit were selected from the Natural History Museum London’s ore collection. This data contains whole rock assay data performed by ALS, comprising the whole rock concentration of metals and semi-metals from the three deposits. This data was collected as part of the TeaSe consortium NERC grant in order to determine the concentration and hosting of critical and precious metals in various types of ore deposits and barren rocks from different geological environments.

Wilhelmshavn PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Wilhelmshavn, Germany. It has been provided by Hansje Brinker BV as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Wireline logging and core analysis datasets collected from Swanworth Quarry and Metherhills boreholes during the NERC funded Rapid Global Geological Events (RGGE) project.
This dataset contains the collated wireline logs, stratigraphy and core analysis of the three boreholes drill as part of the publicly funded Rapid Global Geological Events Project (RGGE) which ran between 1995-1998. The aim of the RGGE project was to identify the effects of climatic changes on modern sediments. The project focused on the Kimmeridge Clay due to its unbroken sequence of fossiliferous marine mudstones. These mudstones have compositional variations in organic content, minerology, fauna and clay content which reflect changes in both the climate and sea level. Over the course of the project the entire sequence of the Kimmeridge Clay was cored across three boreholes, two at Swanworth Quarry and one at Metherhills.

WITHDRAWN:BGS BGS-HPA OneGeology Radon Potential (OGC WMS)
The BGS-HPA UK OneGeology Radon Potential Web map service provides access to the BGS-HPA UK OneGeology Radon Potential dataset. This service provides access to the BGS-HPA UK OneGeology Radon Potential data at scales smaller than 1:250,000.

WMS Exploration Areas (MultiPoint)
WMS MultiPoint Layer of exploration areas Slovakia.

WMS Exploration Areas (Polygons)
WMS polygónová vrstva určených prieskumných území na Slovensku.

WMS Mined Areas (MultiPoint)
WMS Multipoint Layer of mined, protected and non protected areas Slovakia.

WMS Mined Areas (Polygon)
WMS Polygon Layer of mined, protected and non protected areas Slovakia.

WMS of the Geological Map of the Iberian Peninsula, Balearic and Canary Islands at 1M scale of the Geological Survey of Spain
Geological map of the Iberian Peninsula, Balearic and Canary Islands at 1M scale. It includes the chronolithostratigraphic units and the representation of the tectonic structure by means of faults and thrusts.

WMS of the Hydrogeological Map of Spain at scale 1:200.000 of the Geological Survey of Spain (IGME).
The continuous Hydrogeological Map of Spain in digital format at a scale of 1:200,000 is based on the Lithostratigraphic and Permeability Map of Spain, continuous at a scale of 1:200,000 and represents the mapped lithostratigraphic levels, grouped by range of permeability and the associated lithologies, and represented with a certain colour and tone, so that it is possible to visualise the areas associated with the different aquifers on the map. Blue colours represent porous aquifers, green colours represent fissured or karstic aquifers and brown colours represent impermeable or low permeability formations. Productivity is represented by tone, in the case of permeable formations, darker tones indicate higher productivity and in the case of impermeable formations indicate higher impermeability. Given the scale of detail of this cartography, the availability of the entire national territory, and the impossibility of appreciating the detail it possesses at small scales, the information is only visualised from the visualisation scale indicated in the Capabilities file.

WMS Protected Areas (Multipoint)
WMS MultiPoint Layer protected areas Slovakia.

WMS view service for The System of management and protection of mineral resources in Poland MIDAS and ROG
This service enables viewing of the System of management and protection of mineral resources in Poland MIDAS and ROG. ROG is an integral part of the MIDAS system. The service complies with the INSPIRE View Service specification requirements. The service uses the WMS OGC 1.3.0 interface.

WMS visualization service of the IGME geophysical database, SIGEOF
Geophysical database visualization service available in the IGME corresponding to the following methodologies: Electrical (SEV, SEDT and Electrical Profiles), Witnessing, Gravimetry, Petrophysics, Aeroportado (flight lines and meshes), Electomagnetic (MT) and Seismic (seismic lines and seismic sections ).

World Magnetic Model
The World Magnetic Model (WMM), produced jointly with the US National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration's National Geophysical Data Center, is the standard model in UK Ministry of Defence and US Department of Defense navigation and attitude reference systems and is also used widely in civilian navigation systems. The model is also used on marine and aviation charts and is revised every five years.

World Mineral Statistics Dataset
The British Geological Survey has one of the largest databases in the world on the production and trade of minerals. The dataset contains annual production statistics by mass for more than 70 mineral commodities covering the majority of economically important and internationally-traded minerals, metals and mineral-based materials. For each commodity the annual production statistics are recorded for individual countries, grouped by continent. Import and export statistics are also available for years up to 2002. Maintenance of the database is funded by the Science Budget and output is used by government, private industry and others in support of policy, economic analysis and commercial strategy. As far as possible the production data are compiled from primary, official sources. Quality assurance is maintained by participation in such groups as the International Consultative Group on Non-ferrous Metal Statistics. Individual commodity and country tables are available for sale on request.

World Seismicity Database
This dataset contains parametric data (epicentre, magnitude, depth, etc) for over one million earthquakes worldwide. The dataset has been compiled gradually over a period of thirty years from original third-party catalogues, and parameters have not been revised by BGS, although erroneous entries have been flagged where found. The dataset is kept in two versions: the complete "master" version, in which all entries for any single earthquake from contributing catalogue are preserved, and the "pruned" version, in which each earthquake is represented by a single entry, selected from the contributing sources according to a hierarchy of preferences. The pruned version, which is intended to be free from duplicate entries for the same event, provides a starting point for studies of seismicity and seismic hazard anywhere in the world.

WP4 TACTIC Pilot sites
Location of 17 groundwater pilot sites included in TACTIC project where variation of groundwater recharge and vulnerability to climate change have been assessed. It also includes the report "Pilot description and assessment reports work package 4".

WP4 TRANSFLUX, transboundary groundwater model area
Location of transboundary groundwater model included in RESOURCE-WP4 project and the reports: 4.2 and 4.3

WP5 RESOURCE Karst/chalk Pilot sites
The CHAKA project aimed to define an improved characterization framework and typology of karst and chalk aqufers over Europe. A Karst Typology Tool was tested based on data of 16 pilot areas over Europe.

WP5 RESOURCE Karst/chalk Reports
GeoERA RESOURCE CHAKA Deliverable 5.1 - 5.7 5.1 Karst typology in Europe: state of the art, 5.2 Detailed conceptual hydrogeological models for pilot areas, 5.3 Karst Typology Tool, 5.4 Groundwater management recommendations for karst and chalk aquifers. 5.5 Pilot area database. 5.6 Treatment tool 5.7 XLKarst tool

WP5 TACTIC Harmonised method to assess seawater intrusion status and vulnerability.
Application of a method to assess seawater intrusion status and vulnerability in Plana de Oropesa-Torreblanca aquifer. Report and research paper.

WP5 TACTIC Pilot description and seawater intrusion assessment
Location of 9 groundwater pilot sites included in TACTIC project where the seawater intrusion status and vulnerability have been assessed. It also includes the report "Pilot description and assessment reports work package 5".

WP6 HOVER Pilot Studies
Location of 23 groundwater dating pilot studies included in HOVER project and report "Collection of use cases including good practice guidance and age indicator sampling guide"

WP6 RESOURCE Pan-EU Groundwater Resources Maps (WP6)
GeoERA RESOURCE Pan-EU groundwater Resources Maps Deliverable 6.2 - 6.6 Deliverable 6.2 of GeoERA RESOURCE WP6 describes the template that was used to gather the information on volumes and depths of the active fresh groundwater system at a 10x10 km resolution; Deliverable 6.3 of GeoERA RESOURCE WP6 describes the first maps of the volumes and depths of the fresh groundwater in Europe. Deliverable 6.4 of GeoERA RESOURCE WP6 describes the final dataset which is included in the Information Platform EGDI. The dataset itself, a NetCDF file, contains information on groundwater resources that has been gathered by the participating surveys. Deliverable 6.5 of GeoERA RESOURCE WP6 describes the water balance terms for the EU fresh groundwater grid. Deliverable D6.6 of GeoERA RESOURCE describes the justification of choices to compile Pan-EU Groundwater Resources maps from all participating surveys.

WP6 TACTIC Adaptation strategies
Journal papers on adaptation strategies to reduce impacts on droughts and development of participatory process.

WP6 TACTIC Pilot description
Location of groundwater pilot sites included in TACTIC project where the sadaptation strategies have been assessed. It also includes the report "Pilot description and assessment reports work package 6".

WP6 TACTIC Scenarios development
Definition of scenarios: climate change projections and adaptation scenarios. Generation of climate change scenarios and the identification of potential adaptation strategies.

Wyre and Ribble river chemistry in support of Equipt4risk NERC project (NERC Grant NE/R017832/1 )
This data is the analysis of the river water of the paper: Wilson et al. (20 "Compartmentalisation and groundwater–surface water interactions in a prospective shale gas basin: Assessment using variance analysis and multivariate statistics on water quality data" Hydrological Processes 34:3271–3294 ( https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hyp.13795) The data is from two sampling campaigns sampling the rivers of the Wyre and Ribble catchments in north west England. The river water samples were collected to test whether groundwater compartmentalisation observed in the underlying aquifers impacted the surface water quality. The compartmentalisation of the aquifer is important because this has been shown to control the vulnerability of water resources to pollution from facking fluids injected at depths of 1000's m.

X-discontinuity observations beneath the African continent (NERC Grant NE/L002507/1)
X-discontinuity observations recorded from receiver function stacks of passive-source seismic data. Receiver functions are recorded between January 1990 and October 2021 at numerous seismometers on the African continent (see Pugh et al., 2023 for details). Receiver functions are downloaded, processed using SMURFPy (Cottaar et al., 2020). They are subsequently stacked in the depth and time-slowness domains in 1 degree radius overlapping bins and interpreted for the presence of the X-discontinuity. The dataset comprises 597 stacks, their location, the depth of the X-discontinuity, a classification of the stack and the amplitudes of the X-discontinuity. See Pugh et al., 2023 for further details on the method, the code used to download, process and stack receiver functions can be found at: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4337258 Pugh et al., 2023 - Multigenetic Origin of the X-discontinuity Below Continents: Insights from African Receiver Functions.

X-ray CT scan of true triaxially deformed Darley Dale sandstone sample tts6 (NERC Grant NE/N003063/1)
X-ray CT scan dataset of Darley Dale sandstone sample tts6. This sample was deformed in a true triaxial apparatus, and is fully described in the PhD thesis of Stuart (1992, UCL). The sample is a cube, measuring approximately 50 mm on a side. The sample experienced two sets of true triaxial deformation (test DDSS0009 and DDSS0010), with different applied stresses in the 1, 2 and 3 directions. This deformation produced distinct families of brittle microcracks, which were detected using acoustic emissions and seismic velocity analysis. This X-ray CT scan dataset was collected in 2019 at the University of Aberdeen by Dr Stewart Chalmers and Dr Dave Healy.

X-Ray Diffraction Data showing mineralogy of samples collected from slag banks (Warton, Glengarnock, Derwent Howe, Harrington) in Scotland and northwest England (2022-2023) (NERC Grant NE/X009718/1)
This dataset contains the raw data from X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis of samples from 4 different field locations - Warton, Glengarnock, Derwent Howe, Harrington. The data was collected in 2022-2023. The data was collected for the purpose of identifying mineralogy of the collected samples. The data was collected by John MacDonald and Robin Hilderman (University of Glasgow) who retain the original data.

X-Ray micro-CT data and simulation files for paper 'Representative elementary volumes, hysteresis and heterogeneity in multiphase flow from the pore to continuum scale'
Grant: NE/N016173/1.The data presented herein comprises raw and segmented X-Ray micro-CT data, CMG simulation files and Matlab processing files for the paper 'Representative elementary volumes, hysteresis and heterogeneity in multiphase flow from the pore to continuum scale'. The data is organised as Core 1 and Core 2 respectively. Full core scans are obtained at a resolution of 6 microns. Region of interest (ROI) scans are obtained at 3.45 micron and 2 micon (core 1) and 3.5 micron (core 2). Resolution information is contained within the file names. Voxel sizes in the image files can be changed to match these values. Experimental post-processing files contain the upscaled saturations and porosity values in 3D, which are used in the paper. It also contains the pore-filling analysis. The CMG simulation files contain the input deck, 3D digitial core information (porosity, capillary pressure) needed to simulate both the drainage and imbibition core floods, with corresponding Matlab analysis files. These are Bentheimer outcrop cores obtained from Shell, Amsterdam. It is a shallow marine rock, deposited during the Lower Cretaceous. It outcrops between Enschede and Schoonenbeek in the Netherlands.

X-ray micro-tomography dataset of Ketton carbonate
The images in this dataset are a sample of Ketton carbonate from a micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scan acquired with a voxel resolution of 4.52 µm. This dataset is part of a study on the effects of Voxel Resolution in a study of flow in porous media. A brief overview of this study summarised from Shah et al 2015 follows. A fundamental understanding of flow in porous media at the pore-scale is necessary to be able to upscale average displacement processes from core to reservoir scale. The study of fluid flow in porous media at the pore-scale consists of two key procedures: Imaging reconstruction of three-dimensional (3D) pore space images; and modelling such as with single and two-phase flow simulations with Lattice-Boltzmann (LB) or Pore-Network (PN) Modelling. Here we analyse pore-scale results to predict petrophysical properties such as porosity, single phase permeability and multi-phase properties at different length scales. The fundamental issue is to understand the image resolution dependency of transport properties, in order to up-scale the flow physics from pore to core scale. Shah, S M, Gray, F, Crawshaw, J P, and Boek, E S. 2015. Micro-Computed Tomography pore-scale study of flow in porous media: Effect of Voxel Resolution. Advances in Water Resources July 2015 doi:10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.07.012

X-ray micro-tomography dataset of Ketton carbonate - Unsegmented (raw data)
The images in this dataset are a sample of Ketton carbonate from a micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scan acquired with a voxel resolution of 4.52 µm. This dataset is part of a study on the effects of Voxel Resolution in a study of flow in porous media. A brief overview of this study summarised from Shah et al 2015 follows. A fundamental understanding of flow in porous media at the pore-scale is necessary to be able to upscale average displacement processes from core to reservoir scale. The study of fluid flow in porous media at the pore-scale consists of two key procedures: Imaging reconstruction of three-dimensional (3D) pore space images; and modelling such as with single and two-phase flow simulations with Lattice-Boltzmann (LB) or Pore-Network (PN) Modelling. Here we analyse pore-scale results to predict petrophysical properties such as porosity, single phase permeability and multi-phase properties at different length scales. The fundamental issue is to understand the image resolution dependency of transport properties, in order to up-scale the flow physics from pore to core scale.

X-ray micro-tomography datasets of Ketton carbonate obtained at 5MPa and 323K - (a) Dry micro-core (b) Hydrochloric acid reacted micro-core
The datasets contains two sets of three dimensional images of Ketton carbonate core of size 5 mm in diameter and 11 mm in length scanned at 7.97µm voxel resolution using Versa XRM-500 X-ray Microscope. The first set includes 3D dataset of dry (reference) Ketton carbonate. The second set includes 3D dataset of reacted Ketton carbonate using hydrochloric acid.

X-ray Microtomography of Intermittency in Multiphase Flow at Steady State Using a Differential Imaging Method
The images in this dataset are a sample of Bentheimer Sandstone from a micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scan acquired with a voxel resolution of 6.00µm. We imaged the steady state flow of brine and decane in Bentheimer sandstone. We devised an experimental method based on differential imaging to examine how flow rate impacts the pore-scale distribution of fluids during coinjection. This allows us to elucidate flow regimes (connected, or breakup of the nonwetting phase pathways) for a range of fractional flows at two capillary numbers, Ca, namely 3.0E-7 and 7.5E-6. At the lower Ca, for a fixed fractional flow, the two phases appear to flow in connected unchanging subnetworks of the pore space, consistent with conventional theory. At the higher Ca, we observed that a significant fraction of the pore space contained sometimes oil and sometimes brine during the 1 h scan: this intermittent occupancy, which was interpreted as regions of the pore space that contained both fluid phases for some time, is necessary to explain the flow and dynamic connectivity of the oil phase; pathways of always oil-filled portions of the void space did not span the core. This phase was segmented from the differential image between the 30 wt % KI brine image and the scans taken at each fractional flow. Using the grey scale histogram distribution of the raw images, the oil proportion in the intermittent phase was calculated. The pressure drops at each fractional flow at low and high flow rates were measured by high precision differential pressure sensors. The relative permeabilities and fractional flow obtained by our experiment at the mm-scale compare well with data from the literature on cm-scale samples.

XRF-derived elemental abundance data for the Pliocene of IODP Site U1448 (NERC grant NE/N012100/1)
This data was generated at the University of Kiel, Germany by Wolfgang Kuhnt, paid for by Dr Littler as part of her 2016 NERC Moratorium Award. The data comprises XRF-derived elemental abundances from two Holes (A and B) for International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Site U1448, spanning approximately the Pliocene period.

XRheo development data (NERC grant NE/M018687/1)
Reconstructed data - This dataset contains the reconstructed image data. Each sub-folder contains a set of 2D slices that together make up a 3D image from that time point. Not all images from all datasets have been reconstructed, the values in parentheses refer to the scan numbers that have been reconstructed. Raw data - This dataset contains the raw unprocessed image data collected during the development of the XRheo system. Processed data - This dataset contains the post-processing outputs from analysis of the data from the XRheo development experiments. Each sub-folder contains the files generated during filtering, segmentation and separation of the features [M (melt), B (bubbles), X (crystals)], and the post processing analysis for size distributions and tracking. The data sets included are the results of dynamic X-ray tomography experiments performed on multiphase synthesised magmas being deformed under known temperature and strain rates for a concentric cylinder geometry.

Zagrożenia geologiczne
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia strefy zagrożeń geologicznych na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Natural Risk Zones.

Zakhyntos PSI data from Terrafirma project
This is PSI data for Zakhyntos, Greece. It has been provided by TRE as part of the ESA funded Terrafirma project.

Zaonega Formation, core 12AB, organic carbon, nitrogen and metal geochemistry (NERC Grant NE/V010824/1)
Demonstration of hydrothermal ammonium mobilization in the Paleoproterozoic with possible implications for biological productivity. The data include organic carbon and nitrogen abundances and isotopic ratios, as well as metal abundances. Samples span from sedimentary rocks to altered igneous rocks, where lithologies are provided in the CN data file. The N-enrichment in the usually N-poor igneous rocks indicates transfer of ammonium from organic-rich sediments and can be used to estimate the ammonium concentration of the hydrothermal fluid at the time of deposition. More details are provided in Stüeken, E.E., Kirsimäe, K., Lepland, A. and Prave, A.R., 2023, Astrobiology, 23(2), pp. 195-212.

Zasoby energetyczne

Zasoby mineralne
Zharmonizowany zbiór danych przedstawia zasoby mineralne na obszarze Polski. Zbiór danych jest zgodny z modelem INSPIRE Mineral Resources.

Zeta potential measurements of rare earth element enriched apatite (NERC grant NE/M011429/1)
Zeta potential measurements of rare earth element enriched apatite from Jacupiranga, Brazil under water and collector conditions. Zeta potential measurements can be used to indicate the surface behaviour of a mineral under different reagent conditions. Mineral surface behaviour is important in processing and extracting minerals from their host ore, which can be energy intensive. Apatite is a phosphate mineral which can become enriched with rare earth elements. Rare earth elements are important in a wide range of products from iPhones to wind turbines.

Zeta potential measurements of the fluorcarbonate mineral parisite (NERC grant NE/M011429/1)
Zeta potential measurements of the fluorcarbonate mineral parisite-(Ce), under water, supernatant and collector conditions. Zeta potential measurements can be used to indicate the surface behaviour of a mineral under different reagent conditions. Mineral surface behaviour is important in processing and extracting minerals from their host ore, which can be energy intensive. Parisite-(Ce) is a fluorcarbonate mineral which contains rare earth elements. Rare earth elements are important in a wide range of products from iPhones to wind turbines.

Zimbabwe Regional Geochemical Survey.
During the period 1982-86 a team of geologists from the British Geological Survey carried out a programme of regional geological mapping and geochemical exploration in collaboration with the Zimbabwe Geological Survey under a Technical Co-operation agreement supported by the UK Department for International Development (DFID) (formerly Overseas Development Agency). Three regions of Zimbabwe were mapped (Harare, Rushinga & Nyampanda, and Makaha) and the results of the stream sediment geochemical surveys were presented as three reports. Over 17,000 stream sediments were collected and analysed for Cu, Pb, Zn, Co, Ni, Mn, Li, As, Ba, Sn, Ta, and W. Raw data can be obtained from the Geological Survey of Zimbabwe, PO Box CY210,Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe.

Zinc anelasticity (NERC grants NE/H016309/1, NE/L006898/1)
Synchrotron X-radiography (images) and diffraction data collected to measure anelasticity of zinc. NERC grant NE/H016309/1 - Experimental determination of mantle rheology. NERC grant NE/L006898/1 - The strength of the lower mantle.

Zinc isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Zinc (Zn), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Zircon U-Pb data for plutonic rocks from IODP Hole 1256D, eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean
Zircon U-Pb data are presented for six plutonic rocks recovered from the Pacific oceanic crust (IODP Hole 1256D). These data constrain the age of the section, as well as the duration of crustal accretion. The data cover the bulk of the plutonic section recovered and were generated during post-cruise research for IODP Expedition 335 (2011-2013; PI Lissenberg). Data collection was done at the NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratories at the British geological Survey. NERC Isotope Geosciences Facilities award IP-1276-1111. This work resulted from participation in IODP Expedition 335, NERC grant NE/J005592/1

Zircon U-Pb Sediment provenance data for Miocene to recent sediments collected at Site U1521 during International Ocean Discovery Programme (IODP) Expedition 374 to the Ross Sea, Antarctica. (NERC Grant NE/R018219/1)
This dataset comprises zircon U-Pb data on 11 samples, each containing ~90-150 individual grains. This method was applied to sediment samples from IODP Expedition 374 Site U1521 to the Ross Sea, collected on the RV JOIDES Resolution. Shipboard biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy suggests the samples are mainly early Miocene in age (McKay et al., 2019). The uppermost samples do, however, include younger Plio-Pleistocene sediments. Samples were measured using an Agilent 7900 laser ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS) with a 25-35 µm pit diameter in the London Geochronology Centre at University College London.

Zirconium isocontent map (Geochemical Atlas of Spain, 2012)
Iso-content maps of Zirconium (Zr), one of the chemical elements.obtained in the Geochemical Atlas of Spain Project, distributed in stream sediments (14,864 samples), superficial soils (0-20 cm.) (13,505 samples) and deeper soils (20-40 cm.) (7,682 samples). The results of the chemical analysis are shown in two types: total dissolution of the sample with 4 acids and partial dissolution with aqua regia. With the analytical results of all the sampled points, an isocontent map is made with adjustment to a square grid of 1,000 m by the method of interpolation of the inverse of the squared distance. The final result is a map for each type of sample and type of analysis carried out.

Usługa pobierania WFS dla Centralnego Banku Danych Hydrogeologicznych (CBDH)
Usługa pobierania umożliwiająca pobieranie danych z CBDH. Usługa wykorzystuje interfejs WFS OGC w wersji 2.0.0.

Usługa pobierania danych WFS Systemu Gospodarki i Ochrony Bogactw Mineralnych Polski MIDAS
Usługa pobierania umożliwiająca pobieranie danych z Systemu Gospodarki i Ochrony Bogactw Mineralnych Polski MIDAS. Usługa wykorzystuje interfejs WFS OGC w wersji 2.0.0.

Usługa pobierania WFS dla bazy danych Głównych Zbiorników Wód Podziemnych GZWP
Usługa umożliwia pobieranie niesharmonizowanych danych bazy danych Główne Zbiorniki Wód Podziemnych (GZWP udokumentowane i nieudokumentowane oraz LZWP). Usługa wykorzystuje interfejs WFS OGC w wersji 2.0.0.

Usługa pobierania INSPIRE dla "Mapa Geologiczna Polski w skali 1:1 000 000"
Usługa pobierania umożliwiająca pobieranie danych Mapy Geologicznej Polski w skali 1:1 000 000. Usługa wykorzystuje interfejs WFS OGC w wersji 2.0.0.

Baza Danych Głównych Zbiorników Wód Podziemnych GZWP
Zbiornik wód podziemnych to zespół przepuszczalnych utworów wodonośnych o znaczeniu użytkowym, którego granice są określone parametrami hydrogeologicznymi lub warunkami hydrodynamicznymi oraz warunkami formowania się zasobów wód podziemnych. Baza Danych Głównych Zbiorników Wód Podziemnych (GZWP) zawiera klasyfikację GZWP według wykorzystania zasobów, stopnia przeobrażeń antropogenicznych, odporności na zanieczyszczenia, ekonomicznego aspektu zaleceń ochronnych oraz wskaźników opłat wodnych.

Usługa przeglądania WMS dla Bazy Danych Głównych Zbiorników Wód Podziemnych GZWP
Usługa przeglądania dla Bazy Danych Głównych Zbiorników Wód Podziemnych (GZWP). Baza zawiera klasyfikację GZWP według wykorzystania zasobów, stopnia przeobrażeń antropogenicznych, odporności na zanieczyszczenia, ekonomicznego aspektu zaleceń ochronnych oraz wskaźników opłat wodnych. Usługa spełnia wymagania specyfikacji INSPIRE dla usług przeglądania (INSPIRE View Service). Usługa wykorzystuje interfejs WMS OGC w wersji 1.3.0.

Mapa Geologiczna Polski w skali 1:1 000 000
Mapa przedstawia uproszczony obraz powierzchniowej budowy geologicznej Polski w skali 1:1 000 000. Obejmuje następujące warstwy tematyczne: Wydzielenia geologiczne, Tektonika, Zasięgi zlodowaceń oraz podstawowe warstwy topograficzne (granice administracyjne, rzeki, miejscowości). Mapę wykonano na potrzeby OneGeology-Europe.

Usługa przeglądania INSPIRE dla "Mapa Geologiczna Polski w skali 1:1 000 000"
Usługa przeglądania danych INSPIRE "Mapa Geologiczna Polski w skali 1:1 000 000". Usługa spełnia wymagania specyfikacji INSPIRE dla usług przeglądania (INSPIRE View Service). Usługa wykorzystuje interfejs WMS OGC w wersji 1.3.0.

Centralny Bank Danych Hydrogeologicznych (CBDH)
Centralny Bank Danych Hydrogeologicznych – Bank HYDRO, jest bazą danych hydrogeologicznych, w której gromadzone są informacje o ujęciach wód podziemnych oraz wchodzących w ich skład obiektach hydrogeologicznych – źródłach, otworach eksploatacyjnych, badawczych i obserwacyjnych, ujmujących zwykłe wody podziemne na terenie Polski. W bazie danych Bank HYDRO gromadzone są podstawowe informacje opisowe i liczbowe pochodzące z dokumentacji hydrogeologicznych oraz dokumentów niezbędnych do prowadzenia eksploatacji wód podziemnych. Informacje te dotyczą charakterystyki ujęć wód podziemnych i wchodzących w ich skład obiektów hydrogeologicznych zlokalizowanych na terenie całego kraju. Zakres informacji przechowywanych w bazie danych obejmuje: lokalizację obiektu hydrogeologicznego (odwiertu, źródła), pomiarowe i obliczeniowe dane hydrogeologiczne, podstawowe dane wiertnicze i litostratygraficzne oraz dane fizykochemiczne próbek wód podziemnych. Obecnie baza danych zawiera informacje o blisko 130 tysiącach obiektów hydrogeologicznych z obszaru całego kraju. Baza jest ciągle aktualizowana.Zasoby informacyjne Banku HYDRO wykorzystywane są przy wykonywaniu projektów, dokumentacji i opracowań kartograficznych, prac dyplomowych i naukowych z dziedziny hydrogeologii, geologii, gospodarki wodnej i ochrony środowiska. Zasoby oraz system Banku HYDRO znajdują również zastosowanie w opracowaniach geodezyjnych, przy projektowaniu przebiegu dróg, autostrad i linii przesyłowych oraz sporządzaniu planów zagospodarowania przestrzennego. Dzięki czemu w administracji rządowej, samorządowej oraz służbach państwowych są ważnym system wspomagania decyzji w zarządzaniu środowiskiem.Do głównych użytkowników zasobów Banku Hydro należą: Ministerstwo Środowiska, Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny, państwowa administracja geologiczna, przedsiębiorstwa i firmy geologiczne, fundacje ochrony środowiska, urzędy wojewódzkie, powiatowe i gminne, jednostki uczelni wyższych o profilu geologicznym i górniczym, Wojsko Polskie, Regionalne Zarządy Gospodarki Wodnej, Inspekcja Ochrony Środowiska. Są one również podstawowym źródłem informacji przy realizacji zadań państwowej służby hydrogeologicznej.

Usługa przeglądania WMS bazy danych Systemu Osłony PrzeciwOsuwiskowej SOPO
Usługa przeglądania danych Systemu OsłonyPrzeciwOsuwiskowej zawierającego informacje o osuwiskach i terenach zagrożonych ruchami masowymi. Usługa wykorzystuje interfejs WMS OGC w wersji 1.3.0.

Usługa przeglądania WMS dla Centralnego Banku Danych Hydrogeologicznych (CBDH)
Usługa przeglądania danychCentralnergo Banku Danych Hydrogeologicznych (CBDH). Usługa spełnia wymagania specyfikacji INSPIRE dla usług przeglądania (INSPIRE View Service). Usługa wykorzystuje interfejs WMS OGC w wersji 1.3.0.